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Surendar J, Hackenberg RK, Schmitt-Sánchez F, Ossendorff R, Welle K, Stoffel-Wagner B, Sage PT, Burger C, Wirtz DC, Strauss AC, Schildberg FA. Osteomyelitis is associated with increased anti-inflammatory response and immune exhaustion. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1396592. [PMID: 38736874 PMCID: PMC11082283 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1396592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteomyelitis (OMS) is a bone infection causing bone pain and severe complications. A balanced immune response is critical to eradicate infection without harming the host, yet pathogens manipulate immunity to establish a chronic infection. Understanding OMS-driven inflammation is essential for disease management, but comprehensive data on immune profiles and immune cell activation during OMS are lacking. Methods Using high-dimensional flow cytometry, we investigated the detailed innate and adaptive systemic immune cell populations in OMS and age- and sex-matched controls. Results Our study revealed that OMS is associated with increased levels of immune regulatory cells, namely T regulatory cells, B regulatory cells, and T follicular regulatory cells. In addition, the expression of immune activation markers HLA-DR and CD86 was decreased in OMS, while the expression of immune exhaustion markers TIM-3, PD-1, PD-L1, and VISTA was increased. Members of the T follicular helper (Tfh) cell family as well as classical and typical memory B cells were significantly increased in OMS individuals. We also found a strong correlation between memory B cells and Tfh cells. Discussion We conclude that OMS skews the host immune system towards the immunomodulatory arm and that the Tfh memory B cell axis is evident in OMS. Therefore, immune-directed therapies may be a promising alternative for eradication and recurrence of infection in OMS, particularly in individuals and areas where antibiotic resistance is a major concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayagopi Surendar
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Roslind K. Hackenberg
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Fabio Schmitt-Sánchez
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Robert Ossendorff
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristian Welle
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Birgit Stoffel-Wagner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter T. Sage
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christof Burger
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter C. Wirtz
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas C. Strauss
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank A. Schildberg
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Gutiérrez-Melo N, Baumjohann D. T follicular helper cells in cancer. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:309-325. [PMID: 36642575 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells provide essential help to B cells for effective antibody-mediated immune responses. Although the crucial function of these CD4+ T cells in infection and vaccination is well established, their involvement in cancer is only beginning to emerge. Increased numbers of Tfh cells in Tfh cell-derived or B cell-associated malignancies are often associated with an unfavorable outcome, whereas in various solid organ tumor types of non-lymphocytic origin, their presence frequently coincides with a better prognosis. We discuss recent advances in understanding how Tfh cell crosstalk with B cells and CD8+ T cells in secondary and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) enhances antitumor immunity, but may also exacerbate immune-related adverse events (irAEs) such as autoimmunity during immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Gutiérrez-Melo
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dirk Baumjohann
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
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3
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Tambunan BA, Ugrasena IDG, Aryati. Role of Hemin in the Immune Response of T Follicular Helper Lymphocytes Expressing T-Cell Immunoreceptor with Immunoglobulin and Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Inhibitory Domains, Programmed Cell Death-1, and Interleukin-21 in Allo-Auto Positive and Negative Thalassemia. J Blood Med 2023; 14:7-17. [PMID: 36660451 PMCID: PMC9844107 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s393134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Repeated transfusions in thalassemia patients can cause several complications, including alloimmunization and autoimmunization. Purpose This study compares the immune response of T follicular helper (Tfh) lymphocytes expressing T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory domains (TIGIT), programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), and interleukin-21 (IL-21) between patients with allo-auto positive and negative thalassemia before and after hemin administration. Materials and Methods This study used a quasi-experimental pre- and post-test design and was performed between April and November 2021 at the Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia. It enrolled 29 patients with allo-auto positive thalassemia and 28 with allo-auto negative, and 9 mL of whole blood (WB) was drawn from each patient. Hemin solution (20 µM) was added to 5 mL of WB, incubated for two hours, processed into peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in RPMI media, and cultured with 5% CO2 for three days. The 4 mL WB sample was also processed into PBMCs. PBMC cells cultured and without cultured were examined by flow cytometry using a BD FACSCalibur after surface and intracellular staining. Differences in Tfh cells expressing TIGIT, PD-1, and IL-21 between thalassemia groups before and after hemin administration were compared using independent t-tests or Mann-Whitney U-tests (p < 0.05). Results Tfh cell expression did not differ between groups before hemin administration and increased after hemin administration. The increase in Tfh cell expression was higher in the allo-auto positive group. TIGIT and PD-1 expression in Tfh cells did not differ between groups, but TIGIT decreased after hemin administration in contrast to PD-1 result. IL-21 expression in Tfh cells did not differ between groups and did not change after hemin administration. Conclusion Hemin affected the expression of Tfh cells in both group thalassemia, but there was no difference of Tfh cell expression between the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Agustina Tambunan
- Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia,Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia,Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - I Dewa Gede Ugrasena
- Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Aryati
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia,Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia,Correspondence: Aryati, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, St. Mayjen. Prof. Dr. Moestopo 47, Surabaya, East Java, 60132, Indonesia, Tel +6281230570493; +62-031-5020251, Email
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4
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Visweswaran M, Hendrawan K, Massey JC, Khoo ML, Ford CD, Zaunders JJ, Withers B, Sutton IJ, Ma DDF, Moore JJ. Sustained immunotolerance in multiple sclerosis after stem cell transplant. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:206-220. [PMID: 35106961 PMCID: PMC8862434 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) has the potential to induce sustained periods of disease remission in multiple sclerosis (MS), which is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterised by demyelination and axonal degeneration. However, the mechanisms associated with durable treatment responses in MS require further elucidation. Methods To characterise the longer term immune reconstitution effects of AHSCT at 24 and 36 months (M) post‐transplant, high‐dimensional immunophenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 22 MS patients was performed using two custom‐designed 18‐colour flow cytometry panels. Results The higher baseline frequencies of specific pro‐inflammatory immune cells (T‐helper‐17 (Th17) cells, mucosal‐associated invariant T‐cells and CNS‐homing T‐conventional (T‐conv) cells observed in MS patients were decreased post‐AHSCT by 36M. This was accompanied by a post‐AHSCT increase in frequencies and absolute counts of immunoregulatory CD56hi natural killer cells at 24M and terminally differentiated CD8+CD28−CD57+ cells until 36M. A sustained increase in the proportion of naïve B‐cells, with persistent depletion of memory B‐cells and plasmablasts was observed until 36M. Reconstitution of the B‐cell repertoire was accompanied by a reduction in the frequency of circulating T‐follicular helper cells (cTfh) expressing programmed cell death‐1 (PD1+) at 36M. Associations between frequency dynamics and clinical outcomes indicated only responder patients to exhibit a decrease in Th17, CNS‐homing T‐conv and PD1+ cTfh pro‐inflammatory subsets at 36M, and an increase in CD39+ T‐regulatory cells at 24M. Interpretation AHSCT induces substantial recalibration of pro‐inflammatory and immunoregulatory components of the immune system of MS patients for up to 36M post‐transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malini Visweswaran
- Blood, Stem Cells and Cancer Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kevin Hendrawan
- Blood, Stem Cells and Cancer Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer C Massey
- Blood, Stem Cells and Cancer Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Neurology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Haematology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melissa L Khoo
- Blood, Stem Cells and Cancer Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carole D Ford
- Blood, Stem Cells and Cancer Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John J Zaunders
- NSW State Reference Laboratory for HIV, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Barbara Withers
- Blood, Stem Cells and Cancer Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Haematology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian J Sutton
- Department of Neurology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David D F Ma
- Blood, Stem Cells and Cancer Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Haematology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John J Moore
- Blood, Stem Cells and Cancer Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Haematology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Aanei CM, Veyrat-Masson R, Rigollet L, Stagnara J, Tavernier Tardy E, Daguenet E, Guyotat D, Campos Catafal L. Advanced Flow Cytometry Analysis Algorithms for Optimizing the Detection of "Different From Normal" Immunophenotypes in Acute Myeloid Blasts. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:735518. [PMID: 34650981 PMCID: PMC8506133 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.735518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) are a group of hematologic malignancies that are heterogeneous in their molecular and immunophenotypic profiles. Identification of the immunophenotypic differences between AML blasts and normal myeloid hematopoietic precursors (myHPCs) is a prerequisite to achieving better performance in AML measurable residual disease follow-ups. In the present study, we applied high-dimensional analysis algorithms provided by the Infinicyt 2.0 and Cytobank software to evaluate the efficacy of antibody combinations of the EuroFlow AML/myelodysplastic syndrome panel to distinguish AML blasts with recurrent genetic abnormalities (n = 39 AML samples) from normal CD45low CD117+ myHPCs (n = 23 normal bone marrow samples). Two types of scores were established to evaluate the abilities of the various methods to identify the most useful parameters/markers for distinguishing between AML blasts and normal myHPCs, as well as to distinguish between different AML groups. The Infinicyt Compass database-guided analysis was found to be a more user-friendly tool than other analysis methods implemented in the Cytobank software. According to the developed scoring systems, the principal component analysis based algorithms resulted in better discrimination between AML blasts and myHPCs, as well as between blasts from different AML groups. The most informative markers for the discrimination between myHPCs and AML blasts were CD34, CD36, human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR), CD13, CD105, CD71, and SSC, which were highly rated by all evaluated analysis algorithms. The HLA-DR, CD34, CD13, CD64, CD33, CD117, CD71, CD36, CD11b, SSC, and FSC were found to be useful for the distinction between blasts from different AML groups associated with recurrent genetic abnormalities. This study identified both benefits and the drawbacks of integrating multiple high-dimensional algorithms to gain complementary insights into the flow-cytometry data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen-Mariana Aanei
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Richard Veyrat-Masson
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lauren Rigollet
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Jérémie Stagnara
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | | | | | - Denis Guyotat
- Institut de Cancérologie Lucien Neuwirth, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Lydia Campos Catafal
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France
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Role of Microenvironment in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Understanding the Composition and Biology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26:206-216. [PMID: 32496454 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lymphoma microenvironment is a dynamic and well-orchestrated network of various immune and stromal cells that is indispensable for tumor cell survival, growth, migration, immune escape, and drug resistance. Recent progress has enhanced our knowledge of the pivotal role of microenvironment in lymphomagenesis. Understanding the characteristics, functions, and contributions of various components of the tumor niche, along with its bidirectional interactions with tumor cells, is paramount. It offers the potential to identify new therapeutic targets with the ability to restore antitumor immune surveillance and eliminate the protumoral factors contributed by the tumor niche.
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7
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Ghamar Talepoor A, Khosropanah S, Doroudchi M. Functional subsets of circulating follicular helper T cells in patients with atherosclerosis. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14637. [PMID: 33230950 PMCID: PMC7683878 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequencies of circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) functional subsets vary in autoimmune diseases. We evaluated the frequencies and clinical relevance of functional subsets of cTfhs in patients with different degrees of stenosis. Blood samples were collected from high (≥50%) (n = 12) and low (<50%) stenosis (n = 12) groups and healthy controls (n = 6). Three subsets of cTfh cells including cTfh1 (CXCR3+ CCR6- ), cTfh2 (CXCR3- CCX6- ), and cTfh17 (CXCR3- CCR6+ ) were detected by flow cytometry. The frequency of cTfh1 cells was higher in control (p = .0006) and low-stenosis groups (p = .005) compared to high-stenosis group. The percentages of cTfh2 and cTfh17 cells were increased in high-stenosis compared to low-stenosis (p = .002 and p = .007) and control groups (p = .0004 and p = .0005), respectively. The frequency of cTfh1 cells negatively correlated with cholesterol (p = .040; r = -.44), C-reactive protein (CRP) (p = .015; r = -.68), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (p = .002; r = -.79), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (p = .028; r = -.67), and cTfh17 (p = .017; r = -.7244) in the high-stenosis group. The percentages of cTfh2 and cTfh17 cells positively correlated with cholesterol (p = .025; r = .77 and p = .033; r = .71), CRP (p = .030; r = .61 and p = .020; r = .73), ESR (p = .027; r = .69 and p = .029; r = .70), NLR (p = .004; r = .76 and p = .005; r = .74), and with each other (p = .022; r = .7382), respectively, in the high-stenosis group. The increased frequencies of cTfh2 and cTfh17 subsets and their correlation with laboratory parameters in patients with atherosclerosis may suggest their role in promoting the inflammatory response and atherosclerosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefe Ghamar Talepoor
- Department of ImmunologySchool of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Shahdad Khosropanah
- Department of CardiologySchool of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Mehrnoosh Doroudchi
- Department of ImmunologySchool of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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8
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Dissecting intratumour heterogeneity of nodal B-cell lymphomas at the transcriptional, genetic and drug-response levels. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:896-906. [PMID: 32541878 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tumour heterogeneity encompasses both the malignant cells and their microenvironment. While heterogeneity between individual patients is known to affect the efficacy of cancer therapy, most personalized treatment approaches do not account for intratumour heterogeneity. We addressed this issue by studying the heterogeneity of nodal B-cell lymphomas by single-cell RNA-sequencing and transcriptome-informed flow cytometry. We identified transcriptionally distinct malignant subpopulations and compared their drug-response and genomic profiles. Malignant subpopulations from the same patient responded strikingly differently to anti-cancer drugs ex vivo, which recapitulated subpopulation-specific drug sensitivity during in vivo treatment. Infiltrating T cells represented the majority of non-malignant cells, whose gene-expression signatures were similar across all donors, whereas the frequencies of T-cell subsets varied significantly between the donors. Our data provide insights into the heterogeneity of nodal B-cell lymphomas and highlight the relevance of intratumour heterogeneity for personalized cancer therapy.
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Inhibition of T Helper Cell Differentiation by Tacrolimus or Sirolimus Results in Reduced B-Cell Activation: Effects on T Follicular Helper Cells. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:3463-3473. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2019.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Niu Q, Kraaijeveld R, Li Y, Mendoza Rojas A, Shi Y, Wang L, Van Besouw NM, Baan CC. An overview of T follicular cells in transplantation: spotlight on their clinical significance. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2019; 15:1249-1262. [PMID: 31721600 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2020.1693262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: For late stage organ failure patients, transplantation is the best option to increase life expectancy with a superior quality of life. Unfortunately, after transplantation many patients are at risk of cellular and antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR). The latter is initiated by donor specific antibodies (DSA) which depend on the actions of B cells, T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells that are present in the germinal center of lymphoid organs.Areas covered: In this overview paper, we discuss the biology and function of Tfh and Tfr cells in lymphoid tissues, transplanted organs and their circulating counterparts. We report on their relevance to alloimmunity and on the effects of immunosuppressive drugs on these immunocompetent cell populations.Expert opinion: Growing knowledge about the actions of Tfh and Tfr allows for a better understanding of the immunological mechanisms of ABMR after organ transplantation. This understanding feeds the hypothesis that immunosuppressive drugs targeting the actions of Tfh cells have huge therapeutic potential. This new concept in the treatment of the humoral rejection response will improve graft and patient survival after organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Niu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine/Research Centre of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department Internal Medicine - Sector Nephrology & Transplantation, The Rotterdam Transplant Group, Erasmus MC-University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rens Kraaijeveld
- Department Internal Medicine - Sector Nephrology & Transplantation, The Rotterdam Transplant Group, Erasmus MC-University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine/Research Centre of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aleixandra Mendoza Rojas
- Department Internal Medicine - Sector Nephrology & Transplantation, The Rotterdam Transplant Group, Erasmus MC-University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yunying Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine/Research Centre of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lanlan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine/Research Centre of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nicole M Van Besouw
- Department Internal Medicine - Sector Nephrology & Transplantation, The Rotterdam Transplant Group, Erasmus MC-University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carla C Baan
- Department Internal Medicine - Sector Nephrology & Transplantation, The Rotterdam Transplant Group, Erasmus MC-University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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E G, Yang BG, Basang WD, Zhu YB, An TW, Luo XL. Screening for signatures of selection of Tianzhu white yak using genome-wide re-sequencing. Anim Genet 2019; 50:534-538. [PMID: 31246332 DOI: 10.1111/age.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Tianzhu white yak, a domestic yak indigenous to the Qilian Mountains, migrated inland from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Specific ecological and long-term artificial selection influenced the evolution of its pure white coat and physiological characteristics. Therefore, it is not only a natural population that represents a genomic selective region of environmental adaptability but is also an animal model for studying the pigmentation of the yak coat. A total of 24 261 829 variants, including 22 445 252 SNPs, were obtained from 29 yaks by genome-wide re-sequencing. According to the results of a selective sweep analysis of Tianzhu white yak in comparison to Tibetan yaks, nine candidate genes under selection in Tianzhu white yak were identified by combining π, Tajima's D, πA/πB and FST statistics, with threshold standards of 5%. These genes include PDCD1, NUP210, ABCG8, NEU4, LOC102287650, D2HGDH, COL4A1, RTP5 and HDAC11. Five of the nine genes were classified into 12 molecular signaling pathways, and most of these signaling pathways are involved in environmental information processing, organismal systems and metabolism. A majority of these genes has not been implicated in previous studies of yak coat color and high-altitude animals. Our findings are helpful not only for explaining the molecular mechanism of yak coat pigmentation but also for exploring the genetic changes in Tianzhu white yak due to environmental adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxin E
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - B-G Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - W-D Basang
- Institute of Animal Husbandryand Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husandry Science, Lasa, 850009, China
| | - Y-B Zhu
- Institute of Animal Husbandryand Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husandry Science, Lasa, 850009, China
| | - T-W An
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - X-L Luo
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
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Vroobel KM, O’Connor S, Cunningham D, Wren D, Sharma B, Wotherspoon A, Attygalle AD. Florid T follicular helper cell hyperplasia associated with extranodal marginal zone lymphoma: a diagnostic pitfall which may mimic T cell lymphoma. Histopathology 2019; 75:287-290. [DOI: 10.1111/his.13858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon O’Connor
- Haematological Diagnostic Malignancy Service The Royal Marsden Hospital SuttonUK
| | - David Cunningham
- Gastrointestinal and Lymphoma Unit The Royal Marsden Hospital LondonUK
| | - Dorte Wren
- Department of Molecular Genetics The Royal Marsden Hospital LondonUK
| | | | | | - Ayoma D Attygalle
- Department of Cellular Pathology The Royal Marsden Hospital LondonUK
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Kumar D, Xu ML. Microenvironment Cell Contribution to Lymphoma Immunity. Front Oncol 2018; 8:288. [PMID: 30101129 PMCID: PMC6073855 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma microenvironment is a complex system composed of stromal cells, blood vessels, immune cells as well as extracellular matrix, cytokines, exosomes, and chemokines. In this review, we describe the function, localization, and interactions between various cellular components. We also summarize their contribution to lymphoma immunity in the era of immunotherapy. Publications were identified from searching Pubmed. Primary literature was carefully evaluated for replicability before incorporating into the review. We describe the roles of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), lymphoma-associated macrophages (LAMs), dendritic cells, cytotoxic T cells, PD-1 expressing CD4+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), T-cells expressing markers of exhaustion such as TIM-3 and LAG-3, regulatory T cells, and natural killer cells. While it is not in itself a cell, we also include a brief overview of the lymphoma exosome and how it contributes to anti-tumor effect as well as immune dysfunction. Understanding the cellular players that comprise the lymphoma microenvironment is critical to developing novel therapeutics that can help block the signals for immune escape and promote tumor surveillance. It may also be the key to understanding mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint blockade and immune-related adverse events due to certain types of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Kumar
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Mina L Xu
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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