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Assersen KB, Jensen BL, Enggaard C, Vanhoutte PM, Hansen PBL. Histamine H 2-receptor antagonism improves conduit artery endothelial function and reduces plasma aldosterone level without lowering arterial blood pressure in angiotensin II-hypertensive mice. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:307-321. [PMID: 38279994 PMCID: PMC10847227 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02909-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Aldosterone through the mineralocorticoid receptor MR has detrimental effects on cardiovascular disease. It reduces the bioavailability of nitric oxide and impairs endothelium-dependent vasodilatation. In resistance arteries, aldosterone impairs the sensitivity of vascular smooth muscle cells to nitric oxide by promoting the local secretion of histamine which activates H2 receptors. The present experiments tested in vivo and ex vivo the hypothesis that systemic H2-receptor antagonism reduces arterial blood pressure and improves vasodilatation in angiotensin II-induced chronic hypertension. Hypertension was induced by intravenous infusion of angiotensin II (60 ng kg-1 min-1) in conscious, unrestrained mice infused concomitantly with the H2-receptor antagonist ranitidine (27.8 µg kg-1 min-1) or vehicle for 24 days. Heart rate and arterial blood pressure were recorded by indwelling arterial catheter. Resistance (mesenteric) and conductance (aortae) arteries were harvested for perfusion myography and isometric tension recordings by wire myography, respectively. Plasma was analyzed for aldosterone concentration. ANGII infusion resulted in elevated arterial blood pressure and while in vivo treatment with ranitidine reduced plasma aldosterone concentration, it did not reduce blood pressure. Ranitidine improved ex vivo endothelial function (acetylcholine 10-9 to 10-6 mol L-1) in mesenteric resistance arteries. This was abolished by ex vivo treatment with aldosterone (10-9 mol L-1, 1 h). In aortic segments, in vivo ranitidine treatment impaired relaxation. Activation of histamine H2 receptors promotes aldosterone secretion, does not affect arterial blood pressure, and protects endothelial function in conduit arteries but promotes endothelial dysfunction in resistance arteries during angiotensin II-mediated hypertension. Aldosterone contributes little to angiotensin II-induced hypertension in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper B Assersen
- Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløwsvej 21, Odense C, DK-5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Boye L Jensen
- Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløwsvej 21, Odense C, DK-5000, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Camilla Enggaard
- Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløwsvej 21, Odense C, DK-5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Paul M Vanhoutte
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pernille B L Hansen
- Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløwsvej 21, Odense C, DK-5000, Odense, Denmark
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Wolter NL, Jaffe IZ. Emerging vascular cell-specific roles for mineralocorticoid receptor: implications for understanding sex differences in cardiovascular disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C193-C204. [PMID: 36440858 PMCID: PMC9902217 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00372.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As growing evidence implicates extrarenal mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in cardiovascular disease (CVD), recent studies have defined both cell- and sex-specific roles. MR is expressed in vascular smooth muscle (SMC) and endothelial cells (ECs). This review integrates published data from the past 5 years to identify novel roles for vascular MR in CVD, with a focus on understanding sex differences. Four areas are reviewed in which there is recently expanded understanding of the cell type- or sex-specific role of MR in 1) obesity-induced microvascular endothelial dysfunction, 2) vascular inflammation in atherosclerosis, 3) pulmonary hypertension, and 4) chronic kidney disease (CKD)-related CVD. The review focuses on preclinical data on each topic describing new mechanistic paradigms, cell type-specific mechanisms, sexual dimorphism if addressed, and clinical implications are then considered. New data support that MR drives vascular dysfunction induced by cardiovascular risk factors via sexually dimorphic mechanisms. In females, EC-MR contributes to obesity-induced endothelial dysfunction by regulating epithelial sodium channel expression and by inhibiting estrogen-induced nitric oxide production. In males with hyperlipidemia, EC-MR promotes large vessel inflammation by genomic regulation of leukocyte adhesion molecules, which is inhibited by the estrogen receptor. In pulmonary hypertension models, MRs in EC and SMC contribute to distinct components of disease pathologies including pulmonary vessel remodeling and RV dysfunction. Despite a female predominance in pulmonary hypertension, sex-specific roles for MR have not been explored. Vascular MR has also been directly implicated in CKD-related vascular dysfunction, independent of blood pressure. Despite these advances, sex differences in MR function remain understudied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Wolter
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, https://ror.org/002hsbm82Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Iris Z Jaffe
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, https://ror.org/002hsbm82Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
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Nakamura T, Girerd S, Jaisser F, Barrera-Chimal J. Nonepithelial mineralocorticoid receptor activation as a determinant of kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl (2011) 2022; 12:12-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kisu.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Bauersachs J, Lother A. Mineralocorticoid receptor activation and antagonism in cardiovascular disease: cellular and molecular mechanisms. Kidney Int Suppl (2011) 2022; 12:19-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kisu.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Lyngsø KS, Jensen BL, Hansen PBL, Dimke H. Endothelial mineralocorticoid receptor ablation confers protection towards endothelial dysfunction in experimental diabetes in mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 234:e13731. [PMID: 34519423 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM With diabetes comes a significant risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications. Circulating aldosterone levels increase in patients with diabetes. Aldosterone can directly affect vascular function via activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). We hypothesized that aldosterone via endothelial MR impairs endothelial function in a murine model of experimental diabetes. METHOD Endothelial cell-specific mineralocorticoid receptor knockout MRflox/flox ; Tie2-Cre mice (ECMR-KO) and wild-type FVB littermates were subjected to an experimental type-1 diabetic model by low dose streptozotocin injections (55mg/kg/day) for five consecutive days. After 10 weeks of diabetes, second-order mesenteric resistance arteries were perfused ex vivo to evaluate vessel contractility and endothelial function. The effect of ex vivo incubation with aldosterone with and without the antagonist, spironolactone was determined. RESULTS Diabetic ECMR-KO and wild-type mice had similar, elevated, plasma aldosterone concentration while only diabetic wild-type mice displayed elevated urine albumin excretion and cardiac and kidney hypertrophy at 10 weeks. There were no differences in contraction (Emax and EC50 ) to thromboxane receptor agonist (U46619) and elevated K+ between groups. Wild-type diabetic mice showed impaired acetylcholine (ACh)-dependent relaxation, while diabetic ECMR-KO mice had intact ACh-mediated relaxation. Aldosterone incubation ex vivo impaired ACh mediated relaxation and rendered responses similar to diabetic WT arteries. Direct, ex vivo aldosterone effects were absent in ECMR-KO animals. Ex vivo inhibitory effects of aldosterone on endothelial relaxation in arteries from WT were abolished by spironolactone. CONCLUSION These findings show that endothelial cell mineralocorticoid receptor activation accounts for diabetes-induced systemic endothelial dysfunction in experimental diabetes and may explain the cardiovascular protection by MR antagonists in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina S. Lyngsø
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense C Denmark
| | - Boye L. Jensen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense C Denmark
| | - Pernille B. L. Hansen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense C Denmark
- Bioscience Renal, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Henrik Dimke
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense C Denmark
- Department of Nephrology Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark
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Viengchareun S, Pussard E, Castanet M, Sachs LM, Vu TA, Boileau P, Lombès M, Martinerie L. The invention of aldosterone, how the past resurfaces in pediatric endocrinology. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 535:111375. [PMID: 34197901 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sodium and water homeostasis are drastically modified at birth, in mammals, by the transition from aquatic life to terrestrial life. Accumulating evidence during the past ten years underscores the central role for the mineralocorticoid signaling pathway, in the fine regulation of this equilibrium, at this critical period of development. Interestingly, regarding evolution, while the mineralocorticoid receptor is expressed in fish, the appearance of its related ligand, aldosterone, coincides with terrestrial life, as it is first detected in lungfish and amphibian. Thus, aldosterone is likely one of the main hormones regulating the transition from an aquatic environment to an air environment. This review will focus on the different actors of the mineralocorticoid signaling pathway from aldosterone secretion in the adrenal gland, to mineralocorticoid receptor expression in the kidney, summarizing their regulation and roles throughout fetal and neonatal development, in the light of evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Say Viengchareun
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Eric Pussard
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Service de Génétique Moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et Hormonologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 94275, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Mireille Castanet
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1239, CHU Rouen, Department of Pediatrics, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Laurent M Sachs
- UMR 7221 Molecular Physiology and Adaption, Department Adaptation of Life, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Thi An Vu
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Pascal Boileau
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Neonatal Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Poissy-Saint-Germain, 10, Rue du Champ Gaillard 78300 Poissy France; Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, 78180, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Marc Lombès
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Laetitia Martinerie
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Université de Paris, 75019, Paris, France; Pediatric Endocrinology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Universitaire Robert-Debre, 75019, Paris, France.
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Kij A, Bar A, Przyborowski K, Proniewski B, Mateuszuk L, Jasztal A, Kieronska-Rudek A, Marczyk B, Matyjaszczyk-Gwarda K, Tworzydlo A, Enggaard C, Hansen PBL, Jensen B, Walczak M, Chlopicki S. Thrombin Inhibition Prevents Endothelial Dysfunction and Reverses 20-HETE Overproduction without Affecting Blood Pressure in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168664. [PMID: 34445374 PMCID: PMC8395447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) induces hypertension and endothelial dysfunction, but the involvement of thrombin in these responses is not clear. Here, we assessed the effects of the inhibition of thrombin activity by dabigatran on Ang II-induced hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in mice with a particular focus on NO- and 20-HETE-dependent pathways. As expected, dabigatran administration significantly delayed thrombin generation (CAT assay) in Ang II-treated hypertensive mice, and interestingly, it prevented endothelial dysfunction development, but it did not affect elevated blood pressure nor excessive aortic wall thickening. Dabigatran’s effects on endothelial function in Ang II-treated mice were evidenced by improved NO-dependent relaxation in the aorta in response to acetylcholine in vivo (MRI measurements) and increased systemic NO bioavailability (NO2− quantification) with a concomitant increased ex vivo production of endothelium-derived NO (EPR analysis). Dabigatran treatment also contributed to the reduction in the endothelial expression of pro-inflammatory vWF and ICAM-1. Interestingly, the fall in systemic NO bioavailability in Ang II-treated mice was associated with increased 20-HETE concentration in plasma (UPLC-MS/MS analysis), which was normalised by dabigatran treatment. Taking together, the inhibition of thrombin activity in Ang II-induced hypertension in mice improves the NO-dependent function of vascular endothelium and normalises the 20-HETE-depedent pathway without affecting the blood pressure and vascular remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kij
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (K.P.); (B.P.); (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.K.-R.); (B.M.); (K.M.-G.); (A.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Anna Bar
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (K.P.); (B.P.); (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.K.-R.); (B.M.); (K.M.-G.); (A.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Kamil Przyborowski
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (K.P.); (B.P.); (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.K.-R.); (B.M.); (K.M.-G.); (A.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Bartosz Proniewski
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (K.P.); (B.P.); (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.K.-R.); (B.M.); (K.M.-G.); (A.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Lukasz Mateuszuk
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (K.P.); (B.P.); (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.K.-R.); (B.M.); (K.M.-G.); (A.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Agnieszka Jasztal
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (K.P.); (B.P.); (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.K.-R.); (B.M.); (K.M.-G.); (A.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Anna Kieronska-Rudek
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (K.P.); (B.P.); (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.K.-R.); (B.M.); (K.M.-G.); (A.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Brygida Marczyk
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (K.P.); (B.P.); (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.K.-R.); (B.M.); (K.M.-G.); (A.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Karolina Matyjaszczyk-Gwarda
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (K.P.); (B.P.); (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.K.-R.); (B.M.); (K.M.-G.); (A.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Anna Tworzydlo
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (K.P.); (B.P.); (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.K.-R.); (B.M.); (K.M.-G.); (A.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Camilla Enggaard
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 21, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (C.E.); (P.B.L.H.); (B.J.)
| | - Pernille B. Lærkegaard Hansen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 21, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (C.E.); (P.B.L.H.); (B.J.)
| | - Boye Jensen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 21, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (C.E.); (P.B.L.H.); (B.J.)
| | - Maria Walczak
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (K.P.); (B.P.); (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.K.-R.); (B.M.); (K.M.-G.); (A.T.); (M.W.)
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (K.P.); (B.P.); (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.K.-R.); (B.M.); (K.M.-G.); (A.T.); (M.W.)
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Hu R, Li X, Peng C, Gao R, Ma L, Hu J, Luo T, Qing H, Wang Y, Ge Q, Wang Z, Wu C, Xiao X, Yang J, Young MJ, Li Q, Yang S. miR-196b-5p-enriched extracellular vesicles from tubular epithelial cells mediated aldosterone-induced renal fibrosis in mice with diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001101. [PMID: 32727744 PMCID: PMC7394302 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-001101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aldosterone is a mediator of progressive renal disease, but the mechanisms for aldosterone-mediated renal impairment in mice with diabetes are not fully defined. METHODS Aldosterone and/or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone were used to treat the db/db mice with diabetes. Proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTECs) and fibroblasts were cultured. Blood and kidney samples from patients with diabetes with or without diabetic kidney disease (DKD) were used to verify the findings from animals and cultured cells. RESULTS We found that aldosterone promoted proteinuria and tubulointerstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in db/db mice with diabetes while eplerenone mitigated the adverse effect of aldosterone. However, coculture of PTECs and fibroblasts found that when PTECs-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) were taken up by fibroblasts, ECM production increased remarkably. Moreover, C57BL/6 mice injected with EVs from renal cortex of aldosterone-treated db/db mice showed increased ECM accumulation. Function of the ingredients of PTECs-derived EVs were analyzed, and RNAs were identified to be responsible for the EVs-induced fibroblast dysfunction. Furthermore, microRNA (miRNA) array analysis revealed that miR-196b-5p was the most remarkably increased miRNA in PTECs-derived EVs with aldosterone stimulation. Overexpression of miR-196b-5p in fibroblasts increased ECM production, accompanied by inhibition of the SOCS2 expression and enhanced STAT3 phosphorylation. In addition, plasma levels of miR-196b-5p was higher in patients with DKD as compared with patients without DKD and miR-196b-5p levels positively correlated with the albuminuria concentration. In kidney specimens from patients with diabetes, expression of miR-196b-5p, located mainly in PTECs, increased in patients with DKD as compared with the non-DKD. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the involvement of miR-196b-5p-EVs pathway as a novel mechanism in aldosterone-induced renal fibrosis in diabetes. EVs rich in miR-196b-5p mediate the crosstalk between PTECs and fibroblast during the development of renal fibrosis, which might be associated with STAT3/SOCO2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzhi Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Peng
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruifei Gao
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linqiang Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Qing
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Ge
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaodong Wu
- Nutrition & Food Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoqiu Xiao
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Morag J Young
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qifu Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shumin Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Spencer S, Wheeler‐Jones C, Elliott J. Aldosterone and the mineralocorticoid receptor in renal injury: A potential therapeutic target in feline chronic kidney disease. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2020; 43:243-267. [PMID: 32128854 PMCID: PMC8614124 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing body of experimental and clinical evidence supporting mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation as a powerful mediator of renal damage in laboratory animals and humans. Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms are proposed, with the strongest evidence supporting aldosterone-induced vasculopathy, exacerbation of oxidative stress and inflammation, and increased growth factor signalling promoting fibroblast proliferation and deranged extracellular matrix homeostasis. Further involvement of the MR is supported by extensive animal model experiments where MR antagonists (such as spironolactone and eplerenone) abrogate renal injury, including ischaemia-induced damage. Additionally, clinical trials have shown MR antagonists to be beneficial in human chronic kidney disease (CKD) in terms of reducing proteinuria and cardiovascular events, though current studies have not evaluated primary end points which allow conclusions to made about whether MR antagonists reduce mortality or slow CKD progression. Although differences between human and feline CKD exist, feline CKD shares many characteristics with human disease including tubulointerstitial fibrosis. This review evaluates the evidence for the role of the MR in renal injury and summarizes the literature concerning aldosterone in feline CKD. MR antagonists may represent a promising therapeutic strategy in feline CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Spencer
- Comparative Biomedical SciencesThe Royal Veterinary CollegeLondonUK
| | | | - Jonathan Elliott
- Comparative Biomedical SciencesThe Royal Veterinary CollegeLondonUK
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Tevosian SG, Fox SC, Ghayee HK. Molecular Mechanisms of Primary Aldosteronism. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2019; 34:355-366. [PMID: 31884735 PMCID: PMC6935778 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2019.34.4.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary aldosteronism (PA) results from excess production of mineralocorticoid hormone aldosterone by the adrenal cortex. It is normally caused either by unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) or by bilateral aldosterone excess as a result of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. PA is the most common cause of secondary hypertension and associated morbidity and mortality. While most cases of PA are sporadic, an important insight into this debilitating disease has been derived through investigating the familial forms of the disease that affect only a minor fraction of PA patients. The advent of gene expression profiling has shed light on the genes and intracellular signaling pathways that may play a role in the pathogenesis of these tumors. The genetic basis for several forms of familial PA has been uncovered in recent years although the list is likely to expand. Recently, the work from several laboratories provided evidence for the involvement of mammalian target of rapamycin pathway and inflammatory cytokines in APAs; however, their mechanism of action in tumor development and pathophysiology remains to be understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei G Tevosian
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shawna C Fox
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hans K Ghayee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Aroor AR, Habibi J, Nistala R, Ramirez-Perez FI, Martinez-Lemus LA, Jaffe IZ, Sowers JR, Jia G, Whaley-Connell A. Diet-Induced Obesity Promotes Kidney Endothelial Stiffening and Fibrosis Dependent on the Endothelial Mineralocorticoid Receptor. Hypertension 2019; 73:849-858. [PMID: 30827147 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by enhanced MR (mineralocorticoid receptor) activation, vascular stiffness, and associated cardiovascular and kidney disease. Consumption of a Western-style diet (WD), high in saturated fat and refined carbohydrates, by female mice, leads to obesity and vascular stiffening. Use of ECMR (endothelial cell-specific MR) knockout mice supports that ECMR activation is critical for development of vascular and cardiac fibrosis and stiffening. However, the role of ECMR activation in kidney inflammation and fibrosis remains unknown. We hypothesized that cell-specific deletion of ECMR would prevent WD-induced central aortic stiffness and protect the kidney from endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffening. Four-week-old female ECMR KO and wild-type mice were fed either mouse chow or WD for 16 weeks. WD feeding increased body weight and fat mass, proteinuria, as well as vascular stiffness indices (pulse wave velocity and kidney artery stiffening) and impaired endothelial-dependent vasodilatation without blood pressure changes. The WD-induced kidney arterial stiffening was associated with attenuated eNOS (endothelial NO synthase) activation, increased oxidative stress, proinflammatory immune responses, alterations in extracellular matrix degradation pathways, and fibrosis. ECMR deletion prevented these abnormalities by improving eNOS activation and reducing macrophage proinflammatory M1 polarization, expression of TG2 (transglutaminase 2), and MMP (matrix metalloproteinase)-9. Our data support the concept that ECMR activation contributes to endothelial dysfunction, increased kidney artery fibrosis/stiffening, and impaired NOS (NO synthase) activation, processes associated with macrophage infiltration and polarization, inflammation, and oxidative stress, collectively resulting in tubulointerstitial fibrosis in females consuming a WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annayya R Aroor
- From the Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Department of Medicine (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.R.A., J.H., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., L.A.M.-L., J.R.S., A.W.-C.)
| | - Javad Habibi
- From the Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Department of Medicine (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.R.A., J.H., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., L.A.M.-L., J.R.S., A.W.-C.)
| | - Ravi Nistala
- From the Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Department of Medicine (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (R.N., A.W.-C.).,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., L.A.M.-L., J.R.S., A.W.-C.)
| | - Francisco I Ramirez-Perez
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine (F.I.R.-P., L.A.M.-L., J.R.S.)
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (L.A.M.-L., J.R.S.).,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine (F.I.R.-P., L.A.M.-L., J.R.S.).,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., L.A.M.-L., J.R.S., A.W.-C.)
| | - Iris Z Jaffe
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (I.Z.J.)
| | - James R Sowers
- From the Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Department of Medicine (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.R.A., J.H., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (L.A.M.-L., J.R.S.).,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine (F.I.R.-P., L.A.M.-L., J.R.S.).,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., L.A.M.-L., J.R.S., A.W.-C.)
| | - Guanghong Jia
- From the Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Department of Medicine (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.R.A., J.H., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.)
| | - Adam Whaley-Connell
- From the Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Department of Medicine (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.R.A., J.H., J.R.S., G.J., A.W.-C.).,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (R.N., A.W.-C.).,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO (A.R.A., J.H., R.N., L.A.M.-L., J.R.S., A.W.-C.)
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12
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Barrera-Chimal J, Jaisser F. Vascular mineralocorticoid receptor activation and disease. Exp Eye Res 2019; 188:107796. [PMID: 31521629 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mineralocorticoid receptor activation in endothelial and smooth muscle cells can promote vascular disease by increasing oxidative stress, promoting inflammation, accelerating vascular stiffness, remodeling, and calcification, altering vessel responsiveness to various vasoactive factors, thus altering vascular tone and blood pressure, and by altering angiogenesis. Here, we review the recent evidence highlighting the impact of vascular mineralocorticoid receptor activation in pathological situations, including kidney injury, vascular injury associated with metabolic diseases, atherosclerosis, cerebral vascular injury during hypertension, vascular stiffening and aging, pulmonary hypertension, vascular calcification, cardiac remodeling, wound healing, inflammation, thrombosis, and disorders related to angiogenic defects in the eye. The possible mechanisms implicating mineralocorticoid receptor activation in various vascular disorders are discussed. Altogether, recent evidence points towards pharmacological mineralocorticoid receptor inhibition as a strategy to treat diseases in which overactivation of the mineralocorticoid receptor in endothelial and/or smooth muscle cells may play a pivotal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Barrera-Chimal
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Cardiovascular y Trasplante Renal, Unidad de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Frederic Jaisser
- INSERM U1116, Clinical Investigation Centre, Lorraine University, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists) F-CRIN Network, Nancy, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, F-75006, Paris, France.
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13
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Faulkner JL, Belin de Chantemèle EJ. Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Endothelial Dysfunction in Hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 2019; 21:78. [PMID: 31485760 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-019-0981-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the latest reports of the contributions of the endothelial mineralocorticoid receptor to endothelial dysfunction and hypertension to begin to determine the clinical potential for this pathway for hypertension treatment. RECENT FINDINGS Endothelial mineralocorticoid receptor expression is sex-specifically increased in female mice and humans compared with males. Moreover, the expression of endothelial mineralocorticoid receptors is increased by endothelial progesterone receptor activation and naturally occurring fluctuations in progesterone levels (estrous, pregnancy) predict endothelial mineralocorticoid receptor expression levels in female mice. These data follow many previous reports that have indicated that endothelial mineralocorticoid receptor deletion is protective in the development of obesity- and diabetes-associated endothelial dysfunction in female mouse models. These studies have more recently been followed up by reports indicating that both intact endothelial mineralocorticoid receptor and progesterone receptor expression are required for obesity-associated, leptin-mediated endothelial dysfunction in female mice. In addition, the intra-endothelial signaling pathway for endothelial mineralocorticoid receptors to induce dysfunction requires the intact expression of α-epithelial sodium channels (αENaC) in endothelial cells in females. Endothelial mineralocorticoid receptors are sex-specifically upregulated in the vasculature of females, a sex difference which is driven by endothelial progesterone receptor activation, and increased activity of these endothelial mineralocorticoid receptors is a crucial mediator of endothelial dysfunction, and potentially hypertension, in obese female experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Faulkner
- Vascular Biology Center, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Eric J Belin de Chantemèle
- Vascular Biology Center, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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14
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The endothelial mineralocorticoid receptor: Contributions to sex differences in cardiovascular disease. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 203:107387. [PMID: 31271793 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death for both men and women. The observation that premenopausal women are protected from cardiovascular disease relative to age-matched men, and that this protection is lost with menopause, has led to extensive study of the role of sex steroid hormones in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. However, the molecular basis for sex differences in cardiovascular disease is still not fully understood, limiting the ability to tailor therapies to male and female patients. Therefore, there is a growing need to investigate molecular pathways outside of traditional sex hormone signaling to fully understand sex differences in cardiovascular disease. Emerging evidence points to the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), a steroid hormone receptor activated by the adrenal hormone aldosterone, as one such mediator of cardiovascular disease risk, potentially serving as a sex-dependent link between cardiovascular risk factors and disease. Enhanced activation of the MR by aldosterone is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Emerging evidence implicates the MR specifically within the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels in mediating some of the sex differences observed in cardiovascular pathology. This review summarizes the available clinical and preclinical literature concerning the role of the MR in the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure, with a special emphasis on sex differences in the role of endothelial-specific MR in these pathologies. The available data regarding the molecular mechanisms by which endothelial-specific MR may contribute to sex differences in cardiovascular disease is also summarized. A paradigm emerges from synthesis of the literature in which endothelial-specific MR regulates vascular function in a sex-dependent manner in response to cardiovascular risk factors to contribute to disease. Limitations in this field include the relative paucity of women in clinical trials and, until recently, the nearly exclusive use of male animals in preclinical investigations. Enhanced understanding of the sex-specific roles of endothelial MR could lead to novel mechanistic insights underlying sex differences in cardiovascular disease incidence and outcomes and could identify additional therapeutic targets to effectively treat cardiovascular disease in men and women.
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15
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Bach A, Clausen BH, Kristensen LK, Andersen MG, Ellman DG, Hansen PB, Hasseldam H, Heitz M, Özcelik D, Tuck EJ, Kopanitsa MV, Grant SG, Lykke-Hartmann K, Johansen FF, Lambertsen KL, Strømgaard K. Selectivity, efficacy and toxicity studies of UCCB01-144, a dimeric neuroprotective PSD-95 inhibitor. Neuropharmacology 2019; 150:100-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Biwer LA, Wallingford MC, Jaffe IZ. Vascular Mineralocorticoid Receptor: Evolutionary Mediator of Wound Healing Turned Harmful by Our Modern Lifestyle. Am J Hypertens 2019; 32:123-134. [PMID: 30380007 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpy158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is indispensable for survival through its critical role in maintaining blood pressure in response to sodium scarcity or bleeding. Activation of MR by aldosterone in the kidney controls water and electrolyte homeostasis. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of MR function, specifically in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. The evolving roles for vascular MR are summarized in the areas of (i) vascular tone regulation, (ii) thrombosis, (iii) inflammation, and (iv) vascular remodeling/fibrosis. Synthesis of the data supports the concept that vascular MR does not contribute substantially to basal homeostasis but rather, MR is poised to be activated when the vasculature is damaged to coordinate blood pressure maintenance and wound healing. Specifically, MR activation in the vascular wall promotes vasoconstriction, inflammation, and exuberant vascular remodeling with fibrosis. A teleological model is proposed in which these functions of vascular MR may have provided a critical evolutionary survival advantage in the face of mechanical vascular injury with bleeding. However, modern lifestyle is characterized by physical inactivity and high fat/high sodium diet resulting in diffuse vascular damage. Under these modern conditions, diffuse, persistent and unregulated activation of vascular MR contributes to post-reproductive cardiovascular disease in growing populations with hypertension, obesity, and advanced age.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology
- Cardiovascular Diseases/metabolism
- Cardiovascular Diseases/pathology
- Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology
- Diet, High-Fat
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Evolution, Molecular
- Hemodynamics
- Humans
- Life Style
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/metabolism
- Risk Factors
- Sedentary Behavior
- Signal Transduction
- Sodium, Dietary/adverse effects
- Vascular Remodeling
- Wound Healing
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Biwer
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary C Wallingford
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Iris Z Jaffe
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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