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Kong CH, Lee JW, Jeon M, Kang WC, Kim MS, Park K, Bae HJ, Park SJ, Jung SY, Kim SN, Kleinfelter B, Kim JW, Ryu JH. D-Pinitol mitigates post-traumatic stress disorder-like behaviors induced by single prolonged stress in mice through mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 132:110990. [PMID: 38467326 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental illness that can occur in individuals who have experienced trauma. Current treatments for PTSD, typically serotonin reuptake inhibitors, have limited effectiveness for patients and often cause serious adverse effects. Therefore, a novel class of treatment with better pharmacological profile is necessary. D-Pinitol has been reported to be effective for depression and anxiety disorders, but there are no reports associated with PTSD. In the present study, we investigated the effects of D-pinitol in a mouse model of PTSD induced by a single prolonged stress (SPS) protocol. We examined the therapeutic effects of D-pinitol on emotional and cognitive impairments in the SPS mouse model. We also investigated the effects of D-pinitol on fear memory formation. Mineralocorticoid receptor transactivation assay, Western blot, and quantitative PCR were employed to investigate how D-pinitol exerts its pharmacological activities. D-Pinitol ameliorated PTSD-like behaviors in a SPS mouse model. D-Pinitol also normalized the increased mRNA expression levels and protein levels of the mineralocorticoid receptor in the amygdala. A mineralocorticoid receptor agonist reversed the effects of D-pinitol on fear extinction and recall, and the antagonistic property of D-pinitol against the mineralocorticoid receptor was confirmed in vitro. Our findings suggest that D-pinitol could serve as a potential therapeutic agent for PTSD due to its antagonistic effect on the mineralocorticoid receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hyeon Kong
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung-si 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijin Jeon
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Chang Kang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seo Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Keontae Park
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jung Bae
- Agriculture and Life Science Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Park
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yun Jung
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Nam Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung-si 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Benjamin Kleinfelter
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, United States of America
| | - Ji-Woon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Zhu L, Shi P. Intellectual landscapes and emerging trends of non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists: a bibliometric and visual analysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-04059-9. [PMID: 38662266 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-04059-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE With increasing studies, non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists have been increasingly recognized as a major novel dimension in cardiorenal disease therapy. This bibliometric analysis aimed to uncover current research status and identify future research directions in the study of non-steroidal MR antagonists to inform subsequent investigations. METHODS Relevant English-language literature was retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection on January 10, 2024. Analyses of countries, institutions, authors, journals, documents, cited references and keywords were performed by the CiteSpace and VOSviewer software. RESULTS Overall, 498 documents, including 297 articles and 201 reviews, were included and analyzed. The United States (n = 188), Bayer AG (n = 78), and Professor Peter Kolkhof (n = 59) were the most prolific country, institution, and author in this field, respectively. Cluster analysis of cited references identified major clusters like cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and omecamtiv mecarbil. Keyword analysis indicated that sodium-glucose transport protein (SGLT)-2 inhibitors, pharmacotherapy, clinical trial, and guideline have emerged recently. CONCLUSION The field of non-steroidal MR antagonists is gradually gaining momentum as a novel pharmacotherapy in cardiorenal diseases, especially diabetic kidney disease, hypertension, and heart failure. Future studies will focus on add-on pharmacotherapy by combining non-steroidal MR antagonists with SGLT-2 inhibitors and the development and publication of clinical guidelines to facilitate patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhu
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhongfu Road I-L, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Shi
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhongfu Road I-L, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China.
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3
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Fraccarollo D, Geffers R, Galuppo P, Bauersachs J. Mineralocorticoid receptor promotes cardiac macrophage inflammaging. Basic Res Cardiol 2024; 119:243-260. [PMID: 38329499 PMCID: PMC11008080 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-024-01032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Inflammaging, a pro-inflammatory status that characterizes aging and primarily involving macrophages, is a master driver of age-related diseases. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation in macrophages critically regulates inflammatory and fibrotic processes. However, macrophage-specific mechanisms and the role of the macrophage MR for the regulation of inflammation and fibrotic remodeling in the aging heart have not yet been elucidated. Transcriptome profiling of cardiac macrophages from male/female young (4 months-old), middle (12 months-old) and old (18 and 24 months-old) mice revealed that myeloid cell-restricted MR deficiency prevents macrophage differentiation toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that several biological processes related to inflammation and cell metabolism were modulated by the MR in aged macrophages. Further, transcriptome analysis of aged cardiac fibroblasts revealed that macrophage MR deficiency reduced the activation of pathways related to inflammation and upregulation of ZBTB16, a transcription factor involved in fibrosis. Phenotypic characterization of macrophages showed a progressive replacement of the TIMD4+MHC-IIneg/low macrophage population by TIMD4+MHC-IIint/high and TIMD4-MHC-IIint/high macrophages in the aging heart. By integrating cell sorting and transwell experiments with TIMD4+/TIMD4-macrophages and fibroblasts from old MRflox/MRLysMCre hearts, we showed that the inflammatory crosstalk between TIMD4- macrophages and fibroblasts may imply the macrophage MR and the release of mitochondrial superoxide anions. Macrophage MR deficiency reduced the expansion of the TIMD4- macrophage population and the emergence of fibrotic niches in the aging heart, thereby protecting against cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, and dysfunction. This study highlights the MR as an important mediator of cardiac macrophage inflammaging and age-related fibrotic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fraccarollo
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Robert Geffers
- Research Group Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Paolo Galuppo
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Yoshida Y, Shibata H. Relations between glomerular hyperfiltration and podocyte injury: potential role of Piezo1 in the Rac1- mineralocorticoid receptor activation pathway. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:1092-1094. [PMID: 38337007 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Yoshida
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Shibata
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan.
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Alvarez Quintero GS, Lima A, Roig P, Meyer M, de Kloet ER, De Nicola AF, Garay LI. Effects of the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 238:106461. [PMID: 38219844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
There is growing evidence indicating that mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) expression influences a wide variety of functions in metabolic and immune response. The present study explored if antagonism of the MR reduces neuroinflammation in the spinal cord of mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Eplerenone (EPLE) (100 mg/kg dissolved in 30% 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) daily from EAE induction (day 0) until sacrificed on day 17 post-induction. The MR blocker (a) significantly decreased the inflammatory parameters TLR4, MYD88, IL-1β, and iNOS mRNAs; (b) attenuated HMGB1, NLRP3, TGF-β mRNAs, microglia, and aquaporin4 immunoreaction without modifying GFAP. Serum IL-1β was also decreased in the EAE+EPLE group. Moreover, EPLE treatment prevented demyelination and improved clinical signs of EAE mice. Interestingly, MR was decreased and GR remained unchanged in EAE mice while EPLE treatment restored MR expression, suggesting that a dysbalanced MR/GR was associated with the development of neuroinflammation. Our results indicated that MR blockage with EPLE attenuated inflammation-related spinal cord pathology in the EAE mouse model of Multiple Sclerosis, supporting a novel therapeutic approach for immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido S Alvarez Quintero
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Biochemistry, Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental-CONICET, Obligado 2490, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analia Lima
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Biochemistry, Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental-CONICET, Obligado 2490, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paulina Roig
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Biochemistry, Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental-CONICET, Obligado 2490, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Meyer
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Biochemistry, Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental-CONICET, Obligado 2490, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E R de Kloet
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Alejandro F De Nicola
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Biochemistry, Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental-CONICET, Obligado 2490, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Human Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, 1121 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura I Garay
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Biochemistry, Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental-CONICET, Obligado 2490, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Human Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, 1121 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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6
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Filardi T, Feraco A, Ouvrard-Pascaud A, Rizzo M, Caprio M. Managing cardio-renal-metabolic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes: the role of finerenone. J Diabetes Complications 2024; 38:108741. [PMID: 38574693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Filardi
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Feraco
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Italy; Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Massimiliano Caprio
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy.
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7
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Rodriguez-Santiago M, Ruppert A, Gall MD, Hoke K, Bee MA, Baugh AT. In your CORT: Corticosterone and its receptors in the brain underlie mate choosiness in female Cope's gray treefrogs (Hyla chrysoscelis). Horm Behav 2024; 159:105477. [PMID: 38245919 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2024.105477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Selecting an attractive mate can involve trade-offs related to investment in sampling effort. Glucocorticoids like corticosterone (CORT) are involved in resolving energetic trade-offs. However, CORT is rarely studied in the context of mate choice, despite its elevated levels during reproductive readiness and the energetic transitions that characterize reproduction. Few systems are as well suited as anuran amphibians to evaluate how females resolve energetic trade-offs during mate choice. Phonotaxis tests provide a robust bioassay of mate choice that permit the precise measurement of inter-individual variation in traits such as choosiness-the willingness to pursue the most attractive mate despite costs. In Cope's gray treefrogs (Hyla chrysoscelis), females exhibit remarkable variation in circulating CORT as well as choosiness during mate choice, and a moderate dose of exogenous CORT rapidly (<1 h) and reliably induce large increases in choosiness. Here we measured the expression of glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid (MR) receptors in the brains of females previously treated with exogenous CORT and tested for mate choosiness. We report a large decrease in GR expression in the hindbrain and midbrain of females that were treated with the moderate dosage of CORT-the same treatment group that exhibited a dramatic increase in choosiness following CORT treatment. This association, however, does not appear to be causal, as only forebrain GR levels, which are not affected by CORT injection, are positively associated with variation in choosiness. No strong effects were found for MR. We discuss these findings and suggest future studies to test the influence of glucocorticoids on mate choice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annika Ruppert
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, 1479 Gortner Ave, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Megan D Gall
- Department of Biology, Vassar College, 124 Raymond Ave., Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA
| | - Kim Hoke
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, 200 W Lake St., Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Mark A Bee
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, 1479 Gortner Ave, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Alexander T Baugh
- Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA.
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8
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Deuter CE, Kaczmarczyk M, Hellmann-Regen J, Kuehl LK, Wingenfeld K, Otte C. The influence of pharmacological mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor blockade on the cortisol response to psychological stress. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 129:110905. [PMID: 38043634 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid cortisol is the end product of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and crucial for the stress response in humans. Cortisol regulates numerous biological functions by binding to two different types of receptors: the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Both receptors are found in the brain where they are crucially involved in various mental functions and in feedback inhibition of cortisol release. The precise role of both receptors in the human stress response is not completely understood. In this study, we examined the effects of pharmacological blockade of the MR or the GR on stress-induced cortisol release in a sample of 318 healthy young men (M = 25.42, SD = 5.01). Participants received the MR antagonist spironolactone (300 mg), the GR antagonist mifepristone (600 mg), or a placebo and were subjected 90 min later to a social-evaluative stressor (Trier Social Stress Test) or a non-stressful control condition. We found significantly higher stress-induced cortisol release in the spironolactone group, whereas participants after mifepristone administration did not differ from the control groups. These results suggest that MR blockade results in attenuated fast negative feedback processes and emphasize the important role of the MR during the early phase of the stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian E Deuter
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Michael Kaczmarczyk
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Hellmann-Regen
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Germany
| | | | - Katja Wingenfeld
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Germany
| | - Christian Otte
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Germany
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9
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Savarese G, Lindberg F, Filippatos G, Butler J, Anker SD. Mineralocorticoid receptor overactivation: targeting systemic impact with non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. Diabetologia 2024; 67:246-262. [PMID: 38127122 PMCID: PMC10789668 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-06031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The overactivation of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) promotes pathophysiological processes related to multiple physiological systems, including the heart, vasculature, adipose tissue and kidneys. The inhibition of the MR with classical MR antagonists (MRA) has successfully improved outcomes most evidently in heart failure. However, real and perceived risk of side effects and limited tolerability associated with classical MRA have represented barriers to implementing MRA in settings where they have been already proven efficacious (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction) and studying their potential role in settings where they might be beneficial but where risk of safety events is perceived to be higher (renal disease). Novel non-steroidal MRA have distinct properties that might translate into favourable clinical effects and better safety profiles as compared with MRA currently used in clinical practice. Randomised trials have shown benefits of non-steroidal MRA in a range of clinical contexts, including diabetic kidney disease, hypertension and heart failure. This review provides an overview of the literature on the systemic impact of MR overactivation across organ systems. Moreover, we summarise the evidence from preclinical studies and clinical trials that have set the stage for a potential new paradigm of MR antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Savarese
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Felix Lindberg
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Attikon, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Javed Butler
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Stefan D Anker
- Department of Cardiology (CVK) and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research Partner Site Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
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10
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Chen X, Li X, Zhang K, Lian K, Zhang W, Song Y, Kan C, Zhang J, Han F, Sun X, Guo Z. The role of a novel mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, finerenone, in chronic kidney disease: mechanisms and clinical advances. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024; 28:125-135. [PMID: 37847437 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-023-02413-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a significant health risk in contemporary society. Current CKD treatments primarily involve renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, albeit associated with hyperkalemia risks. A novel selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, finerenone, offers a promising, safer alternative for CKD therapy. This review comprehensively assesses the role and efficacy of finerenone in CKD treatment by analyzing clinical and animal studies. Emerging evidence consistently supports finerenone's ability to effectively slow the progression of CKD. By targeting the mineralocorticoid receptor, finerenone not only mitigates renal damage but also exhibits a favorable safety profile, minimizing hyperkalemia concerns. CONCLUSION Finerenone emerges as a valuable addition to CKD therapy, demonstrating potential benefits in delaying CKD progression while minimizing side effects. Nevertheless, further clinical trials are necessary to provide a comprehensive understanding of its safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Kexin Lian
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Yixin Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Chengxia Kan
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China.
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, China.
| | - Zhentao Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China.
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China.
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11
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Faught E, Schaaf MJM. Molecular mechanisms of the stress-induced regulation of the inflammatory response in fish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 345:114387. [PMID: 37788784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Stressors in the environment of aquatic organisms can profoundly affect their immune system. The stress response in fish involves the activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis, leading to the release of several stress hormones, among them glucocorticoids, such as cortisol, which bind and activate corticosteroid receptors, namely the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). These receptors are highly expressed on immune cells, thereby allowing stress to have a potent effect that is classically considered to suppress immune function. In this review, we highlight the conserved structure and function of GR and MR among vertebrates and describe their role in modulating inflammation by regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory genes. In particular, the involvement of MR during inflammation is reviewed, which in many studies has been shown to be immune-enhancing. In recent years, the use of zebrafish as a model organism has opened up new possibilities to study the effects of stress on inflammation, making it possible to investigate knockout lines for MR and/or GR, in combination with transgenic models with fluorescently labeled leukocyte subpopulations that enable the visualization and manipulation of these immune cells. The potential roles of other hormones of the HPI axis, such as corticotrophin-releasing hormone (Crh) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (Acth), in immune modulation are also discussed. Overall, this review highlights the need for further research to elucidate the specific roles of GR, MR and other stress hormones in regulating immune function in fish. Understanding these mechanisms will contribute to improving fish health and advancing our knowledge of stress signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Faught
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, The Netherlands
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12
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Oakley RH, Riddick NV, Moy SS, Cidlowski JA. Imbalanced glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid stress hormone receptor function has sex-dependent and independent regulatory effects in the mouse hippocampus. Neurobiol Stress 2024; 28:100589. [PMID: 38075021 PMCID: PMC10709088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Many stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders display pronounced sex differences in their frequency and clinical symptoms. Glucocorticoids are primary stress hormones that have been implicated in the development of these disorders but whether they contribute to the observed sex bias is poorly understood. Glucocorticoids signal through two closely related nuclear receptors, the glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). To elucidate the sex-specific and independent actions of glucocorticoids in the hippocampus, we developed knockout mice lacking hippocampal GR, MR, or both GR and MR. Mice deficient in hippocampal MR or both GR and MR showed an altered molecular phenotype of CA2 neurons and reduced anxiety-like behavior in both sexes, but altered stress adaptation behavior only in females and enhanced fear-motivated cue learning only in males. All three knockout mouse models displayed reduced sociability but only in male mice. Male and female mice deficient in both hippocampal GR and MR exhibited extensive neurodegeneration in the dentate gyrus. Global transcriptomic analysis revealed a marked expansion in the number of dysregulated genes in the hippocampus of female knockout mice compared to their male counterparts; however, the overall patterns of gene dysregulation were remarkably similar in both sexes. Within and across sex comparisons identified key GR and MR target genes and associated signaling pathways underlying the knockout phenotypes. These findings define major sex-dependent and independent effects of GR/MR imbalances on gene expression and functional profiles in the hippocampus and inform new strategies for treating men and women with stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H. Oakley
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Natallia V. Riddick
- Department of Psychiatry and Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Sheryl S. Moy
- Department of Psychiatry and Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - John A. Cidlowski
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
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13
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Piazza M, Caroccia B, Carraro S, Rossi GP. Expression of functional mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in human T lymphocytes. Steroids 2023; 200:109327. [PMID: 37827440 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Aldosterone plays a key role in controlling blood pressure (BP) values by maintaining body salt, water, and fluid homeostasis. Excess aldosterone production is associated with arterial hypertension, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, partly via generation of an inflammatory state followed by fibrotic changes in the organs that are target of hypertension. Aldosterone exerts genomic effects that are known to involve activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Other aldosterone effects, including those usually defined as 'rapid' or 'non genomic', involve additional receptors as the G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). To date, the receptor(s) implicated in the inflammatory action of aldosterone in cells of the innate and adaptive immunity are unknown. Considering the potential role of T-lymphocytes in adaptive immunity in arterial hypertension and related hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD), we herein investigated and quantified the expression of the MR and GPER in human CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. Results provided compelling evidence for the presence at the mRNA and protein level and suggest a functional role of these receptors in the two T-lymphocyte subtypes, thus indicating that they can represent a potential target for modulation of steroid hormone-induced inflammation and ensuing HMOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Piazza
- Internal Emergency Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED University of Padua, Specialized Center for Blood Pressure Disorders-Regione Veneto, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Brasilina Caroccia
- Internal Emergency Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED University of Padua, Specialized Center for Blood Pressure Disorders-Regione Veneto, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Samuela Carraro
- Internal Emergency Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED University of Padua, Specialized Center for Blood Pressure Disorders-Regione Veneto, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Rossi
- Internal Emergency Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED University of Padua, Specialized Center for Blood Pressure Disorders-Regione Veneto, 35128 Padua, Italy.
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14
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Scheen A, Delanaye P. [Finerenone (Kerendia®), a new weapon against the chronic kidney disease of a patient with type 2 diabetes]. Rev Med Liege 2023; 78:725-732. [PMID: 38095038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Finerenone, a new nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, showed a significant reduction in a primary composite renal outcome in FIDELIO-DKD and a significant reduction in a primary composite cardiovascular outcome in FIGARO-DKD in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and a chronic kidney disease (CKD). In a subsequent analysis that combined these two clinical trials (FIDELITY), the reduction becomes statistically significant when compared to placebo for both outcomes, with a hazard ratio of 0.86 (95 % confidence interval 0.78-0.95; P = 0.0018) for the cardiovascular outcome and 0.77 (0.67-0.88; P = 0.0002) for the renal outcome. Furthermore, all renal events occurred less frequently with finerenone than with placebo, including the progression to end-stage CKD independently of the baseline levels of glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria and regardless of associated medications (including gliflozins). The safety profile was excellent. However, a significant increase in serum potassium level was observed. Even if it is less pronounced than the increase usually seen with spironolactone, the risk of hyperkalemia requires some caution regarding both patient selection and monitoring. Finerenone (Kerendia®) is indicated in the treatment of CKD with albuminuria in adult patients with T2D. In Belgium, it is reimbursed with conditions in combination with a renin-angiotensin blocker.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Scheen
- Service de Diabétologie, Nutrition et Maladies métaboliques, Département de Médecine interne, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - Pierre Delanaye
- Service de Néphrologie, Dialyse et Transplantation, CHU Liège, Belgique
- Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse-Aphérèse, Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau, Nîmes, France
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15
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Kang M, Chung JM, Noh J, Kim J. The mineralocorticoid receptor and extra-synaptic NMDA receptor in the lateral habenula involve in the vulnerability to early life stress in the maternal separation model. Neurobiol Stress 2023; 27:100570. [PMID: 37771409 PMCID: PMC10522873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The lateral habenula (LHb) plays a pivotal role in regulating emotional responses during stress reactions, and its hyperactivity has been associated with depression. Recently it has been demonstrated that chronic early-life stress results in individual differences in stress vulnerability among rodents. However, how synaptic function in the LHb varies between susceptibility and resilience to early life stress remains elusive. In this study, we used a maternal separation model to assign animals with different stress vulnerabilities into groups and investigated the synaptic responses in the LHb. Our findings indicate that synaptic long-term depression (LTD) was impaired and extra-synaptic LTD was enhanced in the LHb of the susceptible group. To mimic the synaptic alteration in stress situations, when administered corticosterone, a stress hormone, the intervention appeared to impair synaptic LTD in the LHb of the control group, through the activation of mineralocorticoid receptors (MR). Indeed, there was an up-regulation of MR mRNA observed in the susceptible group. Following there was an up-regulation of both NR2A and NR2B subunits in the LHb. These results indicated that MR and extra-synaptic NMDA receptors in LHb are critically engaged in the susceptibilities to stress. Furthermore, our findings propose potential therapeutic targets for alleviating stress-related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miseon Kang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Brain Disease Research Institute, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, South Korea
- Emotion, Cognition & Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jun-mo Chung
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Brain Disease Research Institute, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihyun Noh
- Department of Science Education, College of Education, Dankook University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jeongyeon Kim
- Emotion, Cognition & Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, South Korea
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16
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Karst H, Joëls M. Corticosterone rapidly reduces glutamatergic but not GABAergic transmission in the infralimbic prefrontal cortex of male mice. Steroids 2023; 198:109283. [PMID: 37487816 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Rapid non-genomic effects of corticosteroid hormones, affecting glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission, have been described for many limbic structures in the rodent brain. These rapid effects appear to be region specific. It is not always clear which (or even whether) corticosteroid receptor -the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) or mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)- initiate these rapid effects. In the hippocampus and amygdala membrane-associated MR, but also membrane-associated GR (in amygdala), are involved. Other studies indicate that the rapid modulation may be induced by transactivation of kinases, or other receptors, like the G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) which was recently found to bind the mineralocorticoid aldosterone. In the current study we explored, in young adult male C57Bl6 mice, possible rapid effects of corticosterone on layer 2/3 infralimbic-prefrontal cortex (IL-PFC) neurons. We show that corticosterone, via non-genomic MR activation, reduces the mEPSC -but does not affect mIPSC- frequency; we observed no effect on mEPSC or mIPSC amplitude. As a result, overall spontaneous activity in the IL-PFC is suppressed. A potential role of GPER cannot be excluded, since G-15, an antagonist of GPER, also prevented the rapid effects of corticosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henk Karst
- Dept. Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; University of Amsterdam, SILS-CNS, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Marian Joëls
- Dept. Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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17
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De Alcubierre D, Ferrari D, Mauro G, Isidori AM, Tomlinson JW, Pofi R. Glucocorticoids and cognitive function: a walkthrough in endogenous and exogenous alterations. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:1961-1982. [PMID: 37058223 PMCID: PMC10514174 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02091-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis exerts many actions on the central nervous system (CNS) aside from stress regulation. Glucocorticoids (GCs) play an important role in affecting several cognitive functions through the effects on both glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptors (MR). In this review, we aim to unravel the spectrum of cognitive dysfunction secondary to derangement of circulating levels of endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoids. METHODS All relevant human prospective and retrospective studies published up to 2022 in PubMed reporting information on HPA disorders, GCs, and cognition were included. RESULTS Cognitive impairment is commonly found in GC-related disorders. The main brain areas affected are the hippocampus and pre-frontal cortex, with memory being the most affected domain. Disease duration, circadian rhythm disruption, circulating GCs levels, and unbalanced MR/GR activation are all risk factors for cognitive decline in these patients, albeit with conflicting data among different conditions. Lack of normalization of cognitive dysfunction after treatment is potentially attributable to GC-dependent structural brain alterations, which can persist even after long-term remission. CONCLUSION The recognition of cognitive deficits in patients with GC-related disorders is challenging, often delayed, or mistaken. Prompt recognition and treatment of underlying disease may be important to avoid a long-lasting impact on GC-sensitive areas of the brain. However, the resolution of hormonal imbalance is not always followed by complete recovery, suggesting irreversible adverse effects on the CNS, for which there are no specific treatments. Further studies are needed to find the mechanisms involved, which may eventually be targeted for treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D De Alcubierre
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - D Ferrari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Mauro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A M Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - J W Tomlinson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - R Pofi
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK.
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18
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Papadopoulos KI, Papadopoulou A, Aw TC. MicroRNA-155 mediates endogenous angiotensin II type 1 receptor regulation: implications for innovative type 2 diabetes mellitus management. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1334-1340. [PMID: 37771329 PMCID: PMC10523232 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i9.1334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a lifelong condition and a threat to human health. Thorough understanding of its pathogenesis is acutely needed in order to devise innovative, preventative, and potentially curative pharmacological interventions. MicroRNAs (miRNA), are small, non-coding, one-stranded RNA molecules, that can target and silence around 60% of all human genes through translational repression. MiR-155 is an ancient, evolutionarily well-conserved miRNA, with distinct expression profiles and multifunctionality, and a target repertoire of over 241 genes involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes including hematopoietic lineage differentiation, immunity, inflammation, viral infections, cancer, cardiovascular conditions, and particularly diabetes mellitus. MiR-155 Levels are progressively reduced in aging, obesity, sarcopenia, and T2DM. Thus, the loss of coordinated repression of multiple miR-155 targets acting as negative regulators, such as C/EBPβ, HDAC4, and SOCS1 impacts insulin signaling, deteriorating glucose homeostasis, and causing insulin resistance (IR). Moreover, deranged regulation of the renin angiotensin aldo-sterone system (RAAS) through loss of Angiotensin II Type 1 receptor downregulation, and negated repression of ETS-1, results in unopposed detrimental Angiotensin II effects, further promoting IR. Finally, loss of BACH1 and SOCS1 repression abolishes cytoprotective, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory cellular pathways, and promotes β-cell loss. In contrast to RAAS inhibitor treatments that further decrease already reduced miR-155 Levels, strategies to increase an ailing miR-155 production in T2DM, e.g., the use of metformin, mineralocorticoid receptor blockers (spironolactone, eplerenone, finerenone), and verapamil, alone or in various combinations, represent current treatment options. In the future, direct tissue delivery of miRNA analogs is likely.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra Papadopoulou
- Occupational and Environmental Health Services, Feelgood Lund, Lund 223-63, Skåne, Sweden
| | - Tar-Choon Aw
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore 529889, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore, Singapore
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19
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Clarisse D, Prekovic S, Vlummens P, Staessens E, Van Wesemael K, Thommis J, Fijalkowska D, Acke G, Zwart W, Beck IM, Offner F, De Bosscher K. Crosstalk between glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors boosts glucocorticoid-induced killing of multiple myeloma cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:249. [PMID: 37578563 PMCID: PMC10425521 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04900-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a crucial drug target in multiple myeloma as its activation with glucocorticoids effectively triggers myeloma cell death. However, as high-dose glucocorticoids are also associated with deleterious side effects, novel approaches are urgently needed to improve GR action in myeloma. Here, we reveal a functional crosstalk between GR and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) that plays a role in improved myeloma cell killing. We show that the GR agonist dexamethasone (Dex) downregulates MR levels in a GR-dependent way in myeloma cells. Co-treatment of Dex with the MR antagonist spironolactone (Spi) enhances Dex-induced cell killing in primary, newly diagnosed GC-sensitive myeloma cells. In a relapsed GC-resistant setting, Spi alone induces distinct myeloma cell killing. On a mechanistic level, we find that a GR-MR crosstalk likely arises from an endogenous interaction between GR and MR in myeloma cells. Quantitative dimerization assays show that Spi reduces Dex-induced GR-MR heterodimerization and completely abolishes Dex-induced MR-MR homodimerization, while leaving GR-GR homodimerization intact. Unbiased transcriptomics analyses reveal that c-myc and many of its target genes are downregulated most by combined Dex-Spi treatment. Proteomics analyses further identify that several metabolic hallmarks are modulated most by this combination treatment. Finally, we identified a subset of Dex-Spi downregulated genes and proteins that may predict prognosis in the CoMMpass myeloma patient cohort. Our study demonstrates that GR-MR crosstalk is therapeutically relevant in myeloma as it provides novel strategies for glucocorticoid-based dose-reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Clarisse
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefan Prekovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Vlummens
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eleni Staessens
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karlien Van Wesemael
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Thommis
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daria Fijalkowska
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Acke
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wilbert Zwart
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse M Beck
- Department of Health Sciences, Odisee University of Applied Sciences, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fritz Offner
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
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20
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Mogi M, Alfie J. Clues to suspect aldosterone breakthrough in the real world. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:1819-1820. [PMID: 37069306 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Mogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Tohon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Jose Alfie
- Sección Hipertensión Arterial, Servicio de Clínica Medica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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21
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Yang H, Narayan S, Schmidt MV. From Ligands to Behavioral Outcomes: Understanding the Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Brain Function. Stress 2023; 26:2204366. [PMID: 37067948 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2023.2204366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress is a normal response to situational pressures or demands. Exposure to stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and leads to the release of corticosteroids, which act in the brain via two distinct receptors: mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR). Persistent HPA axis overactivation or dysregulation can disrupt an individual's homeostasis, thereby contributing to an increased risk for mental illness. On the other hand, successful coping with stressful events involves adaptive and cognitive processes in the brain that render individuals more resilient to similar stressors in the future. Here we review the role of the MR in these processes, starting with an overview of the physiological structure, ligand binding, and expression of MR, and further summarizing its role in the brain, its relevance to psychiatric disorders, and related rodent studies. Given the central role of MR in cognitive and emotional functioning, and its importance as a target for promoting resilience, future research should investigate how MR modulation can be used to alleviate disturbances in emotion and behavior, as well as cognitive impairment, in patients with stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanqing Yang
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Sowmya Narayan
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
- Department Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
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22
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Aedo JE, Aravena-Canales D, Zuloaga R, Alegría D, Valdés JA, Molina A. Early regulation of corticosteroid receptor expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gills is mediated by membrane-initiated cortisol signaling. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2023; 281:111423. [PMID: 37044370 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.111423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Cortisol is a key stress-related hormone involved in the physiological adjustments of fish. In gills, cortisol contributes to acclimatization to changes in environmental salinity, promoting both ion uptake or salt excretion. Cortisol exerts its biological effects through its interaction with specific intracellular glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid (MR) receptors. Additionally, the further identification of GR and MR on the surface of different tissues, together with the existence of cortisol-mediated effects observed using membrane-impermeable analogs (e.g., cortisol-BSA), supports the existence of membrane-initiated cortisol actions in fish. Nevertheless, the impact of this alternative cortisol mechanism in relevant tissues for fish salinity acclimation, such as gill, is unknown. In this work, we sought to explore the contribution of rapid membrane-initiated cortisol on GR and MR regulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gills using in vivo and in vitro approaches. Juvenile rainbow trout intraperitoneally injected with cortisol or cortisol-BSA showed increased gr2 but no gr1 or mr mRNA levels in gills after one hour of treatment. This result was further confirmed using RT-gills-W1 cell lines stimulated with both versions of cortisol. Interestingly, after three and six hours of cortisol or cortisol-BSA treatment, there were no changes in the mRNA levels of any corticosteroid receptor in RT-gills-W1 cells. Finally, using immunofluorescence analysis, we identified GR and MR in rainbow trout gill cells localized on the cell surface. Considering the in vivo and in vitro results of this work, we suggest that membrane-initiated cortisol action contributes to the early expression of gr2 in rainbow trout gills during salinity acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge E Aedo
- Universidad Andres Bello, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Santiago 8370146, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción 4030000, Chile; Departamento de Biología y Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile
| | - Daniela Aravena-Canales
- Universidad Andres Bello, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Santiago 8370146, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Zuloaga
- Universidad Andres Bello, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Santiago 8370146, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Denisse Alegría
- Universidad Andres Bello, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Santiago 8370146, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Juan A Valdés
- Universidad Andres Bello, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Santiago 8370146, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Alfredo Molina
- Universidad Andres Bello, Departamento Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Santiago 8370146, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción 4030000, Chile.
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23
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Katsu Y, Lin X, Ji R, Chen Z, Kamisaka Y, Bamba K, Baker ME. N-terminal domain influences steroid activation of the Atlantic sea lamprey corticoid receptor. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 228:106249. [PMID: 36646152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Lampreys are jawless fish that evolved about 550 million years ago at the base of the vertebrate line. Modern lampreys contain a corticoid receptor (CR), the common ancestor of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), which first appear in cartilaginous fish, such as sharks. Until recently, 344 amino acids at the amino terminus of adult lamprey CR were not present in the lamprey CR sequence in GenBank. A search of the recently sequenced lamprey germline genome identified two CR sequences, CR1 and CR2, containing the 344 previously un-identified amino acids. CR1 also contains a novel four amino acid insertion in the DNA-binding domain (DBD). We studied corticosteroid and progesterone activation of CR1 and CR2 and found their strongest response was to 11-deoxycorticosterone and 11-deoxycortisol, the two circulating corticosteroids in lamprey. Based on steroid specificity, both CRs are close to elephant shark MR and distant from elephant shark GR. HEK293 cells that were transfected with full-length CR1 or CR2 and the MMTV promoter have about 3-fold higher steroid-mediated activation compared to HEK293 cells transfected with these CRs and the TAT3 promoter. Deletion of the amino-terminal domain (NTD) of lamprey CR1 and CR2 to form truncated CRs decreased transcriptional activation by about 70% in HEK293 cells that were transfected with MMTV, but increased transcription by about 6-fold in cells transfected with TAT3. This indicated that the promoter has an important effect on NTD regulation of transcriptional activation of the CR by steroids. Our results also indicate that the entire lamprey CR sequence is needed for an accurate determination of steroid-mediated transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaozhi Lin
- Graduate School of Life Science Hokkaido University Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ruigeng Ji
- Graduate School of Life Science Hokkaido University Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ze Chen
- Graduate School of Life Science Hokkaido University Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yui Kamisaka
- Graduate School of Life Science Hokkaido University Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koto Bamba
- Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Sapporo, Japan
| | - Michael E Baker
- Division of Nephrology-Hypertension Department of Medicine, 0693 University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla, CA 92093-0693, USA; Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA) University of California, San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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24
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Abstract
Aldosterone's role in the kidney and its pathophysiologic actions in hypertension are well known. However, its role or that of its receptor [minieralocorticoid receptor (MR)] in other cardiovascular (CV) disease are less well described. To identify their potential roles in six CV conditions (heart failure, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, stroke, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis), we assessed these associations in the following four areas: (i) mechanistic studies in rodents and humans; (ii) pre-clinical studies of MR antagonists; (iii) clinical trials of MR antagonists; and (iv) genetics. The data were acquired from an online search of the National Library of Medicine using the PubMed search engine from January 2011 through June 2021. There were 3702 publications identified with 200 publications meeting our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data strongly supported an association between heart failure and dysregulated aldosterone/MR. This association is not surprising given aldosterone/MR's prominent role in regulating sodium/volume homeostasis. Atrial fibrillation and myocardial infarction are also associated with dysregulated aldosterone/MR, but less strongly. For the most part, the data were insufficient to determine whether there was a relationship between atherosclerosis, stroke, or thrombosis and aldosterone/MR dysregulation. This review clearly documented an expanding role for aldosterone/MR's dysregulation in CV diseases beyond hypertension. How expansive it might be is limited by the currently available data. It is anticipated that with an increased focus on aldosterone/MR's potential roles in these diseases, additional clinical and pre-clinical data will clarify these relationships, thereby, opening approaches to use modulators of aldosterone/MR's action to more precisely treat these CV conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasita W Parksook
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Gordon H Williams
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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25
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Mogi M. Mechanical stress is involved in mechanism of hypertensive nephropathy. Hypertens Res 2023. [PMID: 36922601 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01264-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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26
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Vassiliou AG, Vassiliadi DA, Keskinidou C, Jahaj E, Botoula E, Tsagarakis S, Kotanidou A, Dimopoulou I. Down-Regulation of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor (MR) and Up-Regulation of Hydroxysteroid 11-Beta Dehydrogenase Type 2 (HSD11B2) Isoenzyme in Critically Ill Patients. Clin Med Res 2023; 21:6-13. [PMID: 37130784 PMCID: PMC10153682 DOI: 10.3121/cmr.2023.1743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) has two ligands, aldosterone and cortisol. Hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase (HSD11B) isoenzymes regulate which ligand will bind to MR. In this study we aimed to evaluate the expression of the MR and the HSD11B isozymes in peripheral polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) in critical illness for a 13-day period.Design: Prospective studySetting: One multi-disciplinary intensive care unit (ICU)Participants: Forty-two critically ill patientsMethods: Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of MR, HSD11B1, and HSD11B2, aldosterone levels, and plasma renin activity (PRA) were measured in 42 patients on ICU admission and on days 4, 8, and 13. Twenty-five age and sex-matched healthy subjects were used as controls.Results: Compared to healthy controls, MR expression in critically ill patients was lower during the entire study period. HSD11B1 expression was also lower, while HSD11B2 expression was higher. In patients, PRA, aldosterone, the aldosterone:renin ratio, and cortisol remained unaltered during the study period.Conclusion: Our results suggest that, in our cohort of critically ill patients, local endogenous cortisol availability is diminished, pointing towards glucocorticoid resistance. Aldosterone probably occupies the MR, raising the possibility that PMNs might be useful to study to gain insights into MR functionality during pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice G Vassiliou
- 1 Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Evangelismos" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra A Vassiliadi
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, National Expertise Centre for Rare Endocrine Diseases, "Evangelismos" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysi Keskinidou
- 1 Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Evangelismos" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Edison Jahaj
- 1 Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Evangelismos" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Efi Botoula
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, National Expertise Centre for Rare Endocrine Diseases, "Evangelismos" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stylianos Tsagarakis
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, National Expertise Centre for Rare Endocrine Diseases, "Evangelismos" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- 1 Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Evangelismos" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Dimopoulou
- 1 Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Evangelismos" Hospital, Athens, Greece
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27
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Mogi M. Reply to comments about "Aldosterone breakthrough". Hypertens Res 2023; 46:1351-1352. [PMID: 36810622 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01235-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Mogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Tohon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
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28
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Yokota K, Shibata H, Kurihara I, Itoh H, Sone M. CASZ1: a promising factor modulating aldosterone biosynthesis and mineralocorticoid receptor activity. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:417-420. [PMID: 36522424 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is the definitive risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Primary aldosteronism (PA), a typical form of secondary hypertension, is responsible for treatment-resistant hypertension and carries an even higher risk of causing cardiovascular complications than essential hypertension. Several genes involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension have been identified recently using genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Among these, castor zinc finger 1(CASZ1) is considered to be involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension via modulation of aldosterone action. In 2021, using a biochemical approach with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, we identified CASZ1b, an isoform of CASZ1, as a novel mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) coregulator. Our further analysis revealed that CASZ1b is coexpressed with MR in MR targets such as kidney tubule cells, and that a decrease in CASZ1 protein levels promotes aldosterone-dependent transcriptional activity of MR. Further, a recent study of GWAS on PA identified CASZ1 to be a PA-related gene and demonstrated that overexpression of CASZ1 suppresses aldosterone biosynthesis in adrenal cells. These results suggest CASZ1 plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of hypertension and PA via dual mechanisms: aldosterone biosynthesis and transcriptional activity of MR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Yokota
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Shibata
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Isao Kurihara
- Department of Medical Education, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Sone
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
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29
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Fan X, Zhao Z, Huang Z, Wu M, Wang D, Xiao J. Mineralocorticoid receptor agonist aldosterone rescues hippocampal neural stem cell proliferation defects and improves postoperative cognitive function in aged mice. World J Biol Psychiatry 2023; 24:149-161. [PMID: 35615969 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2082524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hippocampal neurogenesis is closely related to learning and memory, and hippocampal neurogenesis disorders are involved in the development of many neurodegenerative diseases. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) plays a vital role in regulating stress response, neuroendocrine and cognitive functions, and is involved in regulating the integrity and stability of neural networks. However, the potential role of MR in the pathogenesis of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is unclear. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect and mechanism of MR activation on postoperative hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function in aged mice. METHODS 18-month-old male Kunming mice were randomly divided into Control group (C group), Surgery group (S group), Surgery+ Aldosterone group (S+Aldo group), Surgery + Wortmannin group (S+Wort group), Surgery + Aldosterone + Wortmannin group (S+Aldo+Wort group). Laparotomy was used to establish an animal model of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. After surgery, mice were intraperitoneally injected with aldosterone (100 ug/kg,150 ug/kg,200 ug/kg) and / or wortmannin (1 mg/kg); One day before the sacrifice, mice were injected intraperitoneally with BrdU (100 mg / kg / time, 3 times in total). Mice were subjected to Morris water maze and field tests at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after surgery. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the number of BrdU +, Nestin +, BrdU/Nestin + positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of mice at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after surgery. Western-blot was used to detect PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway related proteins Akt, p-Akt, GSK-3β, P-GSK-3β expression. RESULTS Stress impairs the performance of aged mice in water maze and open field tests, reduces the number of BrdU/Nestin+ cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, and inhibits the phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β proteins in the hippocampus. Aldosterone treatment promotes P-Akt, P-GSK-3β protein expression and hippocampal neural stem cell proliferation, and improves postoperative cognitive dysfunction. However, wortmannin treatment significantly reversed these effects of aldosterone. CONCLUSIONS The mineralocorticoid receptor agonist aldosterone promotes the proliferation of hippocampal neural stem cells and improves cognitive dysfunction in aged mice after surgery, and the mechanism may be related to activation of PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhong Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zixia Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Mingyue Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Deming Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ji Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
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30
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Fuller PJ, Young MJ, Yang J, Cole TJ. Structure-function relationships of the aldosterone receptor. Vitam Horm 2023; 123:285-312. [PMID: 37717989 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The cellular response to the adrenal steroid aldosterone is mediated by the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors. The MR binds more than one physiological ligand with binding at the MR determined by pre-receptor metabolism of glucocorticoid ligands by 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. The MR has a wide tissue distribution with multiple roles beyond the classical role in electrolyte homeostasis including cardiovascular function, immune cell signaling, neuronal fate and adipocyte differentiation. The MR has three principal functional domains, an N-terminal ligand domain, a central DNA binding domain and a C-terminal, ligand binding domain, with structures having been determined for the latter two domains but not for the whole receptor. MR signal-transduction can be best viewed as a series of interactions which are determined by the conformation conferred on the receptor by ligand binding. This conformation then determines subsequent intra- and inter-molecular interactions. These interactions include chromatin, coregulators and other transcription factors, and additional less well characterized cytoplasmic non-genomic effects via crosstalk with other signaling pathways. This chapter will provide a review of MR structure and function, and an analysis of the critical interactions involved in MR-mediated signal transduction, which contribute to ligand- and tissue-specificity. Understanding the relevant mechanisms for selective MR signaling in terms of these interactions opens the possibility of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of MR-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Fuller
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Molecular Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Morag J Young
- Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; University of Melbourne and Baker HDI Department of Cardiometabolic Health and Disease, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jun Yang
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Molecular Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy J Cole
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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31
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Jo R, Shibata H, Kurihara I, Yokota K, Kobayashi S, Murai-Takeda A, Mitsuishi Y, Hayashi T, Nakamura T, Itoh H. Mechanisms of mineralocorticoid receptor-associated hypertension in diabetes mellitus: the role of O-GlcNAc modification. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:19-31. [PMID: 36229526 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01036-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists in patients with resistant hypertension and diabetic nephropathy by examining post-translational modification of the MR by O-linked-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), which is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes. Coimmunoprecipitation assays in HEK293T cells showed that MR is a target of O-GlcNAc modification (O-GlcNAcylation). The expression levels and transcriptional activities of the receptor increased in parallel with its O-GlcNAcylation under high-glucose conditions. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed O-GlcNAcylation of the MR at amino acids 295-307. Point mutations in those residues decreased O-GlcNAcylation, and both the protein levels and transcriptional activities of MR. In db/db mouse kidneys, MR protein levels increased in parallel with overall O-GlcNAc levels of the tissue, accompanied by increased SGK1 mRNA levels. The administration of 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucin, an inhibitor of O-GlcNAcylation, reduced tissue O-GlcNAc levels and MR protein levels in db/db mice. Thus, our study showed that O-GlcNAcylation of the MR directly increases protein levels and transcriptional activities of the receptor under high-glucose conditions in vitro and in vivo. These findings provide a novel mechanism of MR as a target for prevention of complications associated with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Jo
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Keiyu Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Shibata
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan.
| | - Isao Kurihara
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Medical Education, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yokota
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sakiko Kobayashi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayano Murai-Takeda
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Health Center, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Mitsuishi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Center of Preventive Medicine, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hayashi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Hayashi Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Nakamura
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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Zimmer C, Taff CC, Ardia DR, Rosvall KA, Kallenberg C, Bentz AB, Taylor AR, Johnson LS, Vitousek MN. Gene expression in the female tree swallow brain is associated with inter- and intra-population variation in glucocorticoid levels. Horm Behav 2023; 147:105280. [PMID: 36403365 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Studies of the evolutionary causes and consequences of variation in circulating glucocorticoids (GCs) have begun to reveal how they are shaped by selection. Yet the extent to which variation in circulating hormones reflects variation in other important regulators of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and whether these relationships vary among populations inhabiting different environments, remain poorly studied. Here, we compare gene expression in the brain of female tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) from populations that breed in environments that differ in their unpredictability. We find evidence of inter-population variation in the expression of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors in the hypothalamus, with the highest gene expression in a population from an extreme environment, and lower expression in a population from a more consistent environment as well as in birds breeding at an environmentally variable high-altitude site that are part of a population that inhabits a mixture of high and low altitude habitats. Within some populations, variation in circulating GCs predicted differences in gene expression, particularly in the hypothalamus. However, some patterns were present in all populations, whereas others were not. These results are consistent with the idea that some combination of local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity may modify components of the HPA axis affecting stress resilience. Our results also underscore that a comprehensive understanding of the function and evolution of the stress response cannot be gained from measuring circulating hormones alone, and that future studies that apply a more explicitly evolutionary approach to important regulatory traits are likely to provide significant insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Zimmer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Laboratoire d'Ethologie Expérimentale et Comparée, LEEC, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UR 4443, 93430 Villetaneuse, France.
| | - Conor C Taff
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Daniel R Ardia
- Department of Biology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA 17604, USA
| | - Kimberly A Rosvall
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Christine Kallenberg
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Alexandra B Bentz
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Audrey R Taylor
- Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
| | - L Scott Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
| | - Maren N Vitousek
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
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Klimek A, Kletkiewicz H, Siejka A, Wyszkowska J, Maliszewska J, Klimiuk M, Jankowska M, Seckl J, Rogalska J. New View on the Impact of the Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field (50 Hz) on Stress Responses: Hormesis Effect. Neuroendocrinology 2022; 113:423-441. [PMID: 36323227 PMCID: PMC10906478 DOI: 10.1159/000527878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low-frequency electromagnetic field (50 Hz) (EMF) can modify crucial neuronal processes. Existing data indicate that exposure to EMF may represent a mild stressor and contribute to disturbances of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The important regulatory pathways controlling HPA axis activity include two types of corticosteroid receptors: mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) and glucocorticoid receptors. They are particularly abundant in the hippocampus, a key locus of HPA axis feedback control. The research aimed at determining whether (1) EMF exhibits hormesis, it means bidirectional action depending on EMF intensity (1 or 7 mT) and (2) repeated EMF exposure changes stress response to subsequent stress factors. METHODS The exposure (7 days, 1 h/day) of adult rats to EMF (1 mT and 7 mT) was repeated 3 times. HPA axis hormones and their receptors were analysed after each following exposure. Moreover, the impact of EMF exposure on hormonal and behavioural responses to subsequent stress factor - open-field test was evaluated. RESULTS Our data suggest that exposure to EMF can establish a new "set-point" for HPA axis activity. The direction and dynamics of this process depend on the intensity of EMF and the number of exposures. EMF of 1 mT induced an adaptive stress response, but 7 mT EMF caused sensitization. Consequently, EMF changed the vulnerability of the organism to a subsequent stress factor. We have also shown the increase in MR mRNA abundance in the hippocampus of 1 mT EMF-exposed rats, which can represent the possible neuroprotective response and suggest therapeutic properties of EMFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Klimek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland
| | - Hanna Kletkiewicz
- Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Siejka
- Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland
| | - Joanna Wyszkowska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland
| | - Justyna Maliszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland
| | - Maciej Klimiuk
- Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland
| | - Milena Jankowska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland
| | - Jonathan Seckl
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, QMRI, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Justyna Rogalska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland
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Bavuu O, Fukuda D, Ganbaatar B, Matsuura T, Ise T, Kusunose K, Yamaguchi K, Yagi S, Yamada H, Soeki T, Wakatsuki T, Sata M. Esaxerenone, a selective mineralocorticoid receptor blocker, improves insulin sensitivity in mice consuming high-fat diet. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 931:175190. [PMID: 35961594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esaxerenone is a novel, non-steroidal selective mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blocker. MR activation plays a crucial role in the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of esaxerenone on various metabolic parameters in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Esaxerenone (3 mg/kg/day) was orally administered to high-fat diet (HFD)-fed male C57BL/6 mice. Mice fed a normal diet (ND) served as controls. Glucose and insulin tolerance, plasma lipid levels, and transaminase levels were assessed as metabolic parameters. Macrophage accumulation in the adipose tissue was evaluated using histological analysis. 3T3-L1 adipocytes, HepG2 cells, and C2C12 myotubes were used for in vitro experiments. Gene expression and insulin signaling were examined using quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. RESULTS HFD successfully induced insulin resistance compared with that in ND. Esaxerenone ameliorated insulin resistance (P < 0.05) without altering other metabolic parameters, such as the lipid profile. Esaxerenone administration tended to decrease plasma transaminase levels compared with those in the non-treated group. In the adipose tissue, esaxerenone decreased macrophage accumulation (P < 0.05) and increased the expression levels of adiponectin and PPARγ. Aldosterone significantly decreased the expression levels of PPARγ and adiponectin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, aldosterone attenuated insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, HepG2 cells, and C2C12 myotubes in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.01). These effects were ameliorated by pretreatment with esaxerenone. CONCLUSION Esaxerenone ameliorated insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice. Reduction of inflammation and improvement in insulin signaling may underlie the beneficial effects of esaxerenone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyunbileg Bavuu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Daiju Fukuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Byambasuren Ganbaatar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tomomi Matsuura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ise
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kenya Kusunose
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Koji Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Shusuke Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Yamada
- Department of Community Medicine for Cardiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Takeshi Soeki
- Department of Community Medicine and Medical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tetsuzo Wakatsuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
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Ravid JD, Laffin LJ. Effects of Finerenone, a Novel Nonsteroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist, on Cardiovascular Disease, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Blood Pressure. Curr Cardiol Rep 2022. [PMID: 35925515 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-022-01750-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Finerenone, an FDA-approved nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist, has been evaluated in context of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associated cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review, we summarize pre-clinical and clinical studies focused on the impact of finerenone on these disease processes. RECENT FINDINGS Activation of the MR upregulates genes encoding for facilitators of tissue damage. Finerenone binding to a helix domain in this receptor inhibits receptor function. Studies in murine models of kidney disease, heart failure, hypertension, and vascular injury demonstrate significant protective effects of finerenone against further disease progression, as well as association with reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Phase 1-3 clinical trials with finerenone show safety and efficacy in improving renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with CKD. Research thus far encourages the addition of finerenone to the standard of care for certain CKD patients, especially those especially at risk for or with pre-existing cardiovascular disease. Continued study of the effect of finerenone in diverse patient populations and different disease states is needed.
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Kaczmarczyk M, Wingenfeld K, Nowacki J, Chae WR, Deuter CE, Piber D, Otte C. No influence of mineralocorticoid and glutamatergic NMDA receptor stimulation on spatial learning and memory in individuals with major depression. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 152:97-103. [PMID: 35717867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with impairments in spatial learning and memory and with altered functioning of central mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) and glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDA-R). Both receptors are highly expressed in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex - brain areas that are critical for spatial learning and memory. Here, we examined the effects of separate and combined MR and NMDA-R stimulation on spatial learning and memory in individuals with MDD and healthy controls. METHODS We used a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled between-group study design to examine the effects of separate and combined stimulation of the MR (with 0.4 mg fludrocortisone) and NMDA-R (with 250 mg D-cycloserine) in 116 unmedicated individuals with MDD (mean age: 34.7 ± 13.3 years; 78.4% women) and 116 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: 1) placebo; 2) MR stimulation; 3) NMDA-R stimulation; and 4) combined MR/NMDA-R stimulation. Three hours after drug administration, spatial learning and memory were assessed using a virtual Morris Water Maze task. RESULTS Individuals with MDD and healthy controls did not differ in spatial learning and memory performance. Neither separate nor combined MR or NMDA-R stimulation altered measures of spatial performance. CONCLUSION In this study of relatively young, predominantly female, and unmedicated individuals, we found no effect of MDD and no effect of separate or combined MR and NMDA-R stimulation on spatial learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kaczmarczyk
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Straße 2, 10178, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Katja Wingenfeld
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Nowacki
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Woo Ri Chae
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Eric Deuter
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominique Piber
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Straße 2, 10178, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Otte
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
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Liu T, Li YL, Zhou LJ, Sun XN, Wang YL, Du LJ, Liu Y, Zhu H, Chen BY, Sun JY, Liu Y, Xu S, Ye HL, Huang SJ, Wang X, Li B, Duan SZ. Mineralocorticoid Receptor Deficiency in Treg Cells Ameliorates DSS-Induced Colitis in a Gut Microbiota-Dependent Manner. Immunology 2022; 167:94-104. [PMID: 35751882 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a classic nuclear receptor and an effective drug target in the cardiovascular system. The function of MR in immune cells such as macrophages and T cells has been increasingly appreciated. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of Treg MR in the process of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We treated Treg MR-deficient (MRflox/flox Foxp3YFP-Cre , KO) mice and control (Foxp3YFP-Cre , WT) mice with dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) to induce colitis and found that the severity of DSS-induced colitis was markedly alleviated in Treg MR-deficient mice, accompanied by reduced production of inflammatory cytokines, and relieved infiltration of monocytes, neutrophils and interferon γ+ T cells in colon lamina propria. Fecal microbiota of mice with colitis was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the composition of gut microbiota was vastly changed in Treg MR-deficient mice. Furthermore, depletion of gut microbiota by antibiotics abolished the protective effects of Treg MR deficiency and resulted in similar severity of DSS-induced colitis in WT and KO mice. Fecal microbiota transplantation from KO mice attenuated DSS-induced colitis characterized by alleviated inflammatory infiltration compared to that from WT mice. Hence, our study demonstrates that Treg MR deficiency protects against DSS-induced colitis by attenuation of colonic inflammatory infiltration. Gut microbiota is both sufficient and necessary for Treg MR deficiency to exert the beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Lin Li
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-Jun Zhou
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Nan Sun
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Li Wang
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Juan Du
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo-Yan Chen
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Yong Sun
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Lin Ye
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Jia Huang
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Duan
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Munkhjargal U, Fukuda D, Ganbaatar B, Suto K, Matsuura T, Ise T, Kusunose K, Yamaguchi K, Yagi S, Yamada H, Soeki T, Wakatsuki T, Sata M. A Selective Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blocker, Esaxerenone, Attenuates Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetic C57BL/6 Mice. J Atheroscler Thromb 2022; 30:326-334. [PMID: 35732424 PMCID: PMC10067342 DOI: 10.5551/jat.63382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Pharmacological blockade of mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) is a potential therapeutic approach to reduce cardiovascular complications since MRs play a crucial role in cardiovascular regulation. Recent studies suggest that MR antagonists affect several extrarenal tissues, including vessel function. We investigated the effect of a novel nonsteroidal selective MR blocker, esaxerenone, on diabetes-induced vascular dysfunction. METHODS Diabetes was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin in 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice. Esaxerenone (3 mg/kg/day) or a vehicle was administered by gavage to diabetic mice for 3 weeks. Metabolic parameters, plasma aldosterone levels, and parameters related to renal function were measured. Endothelium-dependent or -independent vascular responses of the aortic segments were analyzed with acetylcholine or sodium nitroprusside, respectively. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used for the in vitro study. RESULTS Induction of diabetes elevated plasma aldosterone level (P<0.05) and impaired endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation (P<0.05). The administration of esaxerenone ameliorated the endothelial dysfunction (P<0.01) without the alteration of metabolic parameters, blood pressure, and renal function. Esaxerenone improved the eNOSSer1177 phosphorylation in the aorta obtained from diabetic mice (P<0.05) compared with that in the vehicle-treated group. Furthermore, a major MR agonist, aldosterone, decreased eNOSSer1177 phosphorylation and increased eNOSThr495 phosphorylation in HUVECs, which recovered with esaxerenone. Esaxerenone ameliorated the endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation caused by aldosterone in the aortic segments obtained from C57BL/6 mice (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Esaxerenone attenuates the development of diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction in mice. These results suggest that esaxerenone has potential vascular protective effects in individuals with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uugantsetseg Munkhjargal
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Daiju Fukuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Byambasuren Ganbaatar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Kumiko Suto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Tomomi Matsuura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Takayuki Ise
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Kenya Kusunose
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Koji Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Shusuke Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Hirotsugu Yamada
- Department of Community Medicine for Cardiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Takeshi Soeki
- Department of Community Medicine and Medical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Tetsuzo Wakatsuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
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de Souza CF, Stopa LRS, Martins AB, Wunderlich ALM, Lopes GM, Zaia DAM, Zaia CTBV, de Andrade FG, Leite CM, Uchoa ET. Lactation overnutrition-induced obesity impairs effects of exogenous corticosterone on energy homeostasis and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in male rats. Life Sci 2022; 304:120721. [PMID: 35716735 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Litter size reduction on the first days of life results in increased body weight and adiposity, with higher levels of circulating glucocorticoids. Obese rodents are more sensitive to the anabolic effects of glucocorticoids and less responsive to glucocorticoids feedback on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This study aimed to evaluate effects of the treatment with corticosterone on metabolic responses and HPA axis in adult male rats reared in small litters. MAIN METHODS From postnatal day (PND) 60 to 88, adult male rats of normal (NL- 10 pups/dam) and small (SL- 3 pups/dam) litters received oral treatment with Corticosterone (CORT-15 mg/L) in the drinking water or no treatment, composing the four experimental groups (NL-water; NL-CORT; SL-water and SL-CORT), for the evaluation of energy homeostasis and HPA axis. KEY FINDINGS Male rats of SL-water group presented on PND88: glucose intolerance, higher adiposity, plasma triglycerides, free fatty acids, total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and corticosterone. SL-water animals showed increased mRNA of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the pituitary, with decreased mRNA expression of PVN mineralocorticoid receptor. NL-CORT animals presented glucose intolerance, increased body weight, food intake, total and LDL cholesterol. Glucocorticoid treatment reduced corticosterone levels and adrenal cortex thickness in NL group, associated with increased mRNA of PVN CRH and pituitary POMC, without effects on SL animals. SIGNIFICANCE Lactation overnutrition promotes hyperreactivity of HPA axis and reduces the responsiveness to glucocorticoids effects on energy balance and negative feedback of HPA axis in adult male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila F de Souza
- Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Larissa Rugila S Stopa
- Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Andressa B Martins
- Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza M Wunderlich
- Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Dimas A M Zaia
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Cassia Thaïs B V Zaia
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ernane Torres Uchoa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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Abstract
Aldosterone (Aldo) breakthrough is a well-known phenomenon that occurs in patients with long-term renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade using inhibitors of renin or angiotensin converting enzyme or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers. The blockade of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), an Aldo binding receptor, is effective in managing patients with resistant hypertension, defined as uncontrollable blood pressure despite the concurrent use of three antihypertensive drugs. In other words, MR inhibitors are not used as first-line antihypertensive drugs in most guidelines for hypertension management. Aldo breakthrough puts hypertensive patients at higher risk of cardiovascular disease and worsens future outcomes. This review discusses Aldo secretion and the mechanism of Aldo breakthrough, dependent or independent of the RAAS, with consideration of the pharmacological aspects of this phenomenon, as well as hypothetical views.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Mogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Tohon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
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41
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Tezuka Y, Ito S. The Time to Reconsider Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blocking Strategy: Arrival of Nonsteroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockers. Curr Hypertens Rep 2022; 24:215-224. [PMID: 35488944 PMCID: PMC9300503 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-022-01177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The study aims to verify the advantages of nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor blockers (MRBs) in the management of hypertension and cardiovascular and renal diseases, comparing with conventional MRBs. RECENT FINDINGS Based on the unique structures, the nonsteroidal MRBs have higher selectivity for mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) and show no agonist activity for major steroid hormone receptors in contrast to steroidal MRBs. Today, there are two nonsteroidal MRBs, esaxerenone and finerenone, which completed phase 3 clinical trials. Series of clinical trials have shown that both agents achieve similar MR blockade with smaller doses as compared with steroidal MRBs, but have no off-target side effect such as gynecomastia. Esaxerenone has persistent blood pressure-lowering effects in various hypertensive populations, including essential hypertension and those with diabetes and/or chronic kidney disease, while finerenone has demonstrated reduction of the cardiovascular risk rather than blood pressure in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Nonsteroidal MRBs are a more refined agent which contributes to appropriate MR blocking with minimized unpleasant adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Tezuka
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Sadayoshi Ito
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan. .,Katta General Hospital, Shiroishi, Miyagi, Japan.
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Abstract
The classic focus on the mechanisms of action of aldosterone was directed primarily on its role in modulating renal excretory function and maintaining volume homeostasis. In contrast, many recent studies have demonstrated a much wider and expanded role for aldosterone and for the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Activation of the MR promotes inflammation, collagen formation, fibrosis, and necrosis with consequent renal injury. Increasing evidence has accrued that implicates the pathophysiological overactivation of the MR as a major determinant of progression of both diabetic and nondiabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD). By promoting cascades of injury encompassing inflammation and fibrosis, MR overactivation constitutes a pivotal determinant of CKD progression and consequently its associated morbidity and mortality. Based on this mechanism of action, blockade of the MR with the nonsteroidal MR antagonist finerenone is currently being investigated as a novel treatment regimen to slow the progression of CKD. The recently reported FIDELIO-DKD (FInerenone in reducing kiDnEy faiLure and dIsease prOgression in Diabetic Kidney Disease) study demonstrated that patients with CKD and type 2 diabetes (T2D) who were treated with finerenone manifested a lower risk of a composite primary outcome event compared with patients in the placebo arm (defined as kidney failure or a sustained decrease of ≥ 40% in the estimated glomerular filtration rate from baseline, or death from renal causes). In addition, patients in the finerenone group also manifested a lower risk of a key secondary outcome event (defined as death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure). Based on the success of these major clinical trials, finerenone was approved by the FDA on 9 July 2021 as a novel treatment for retarding CKD progression in patients with T2D ( https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/fda-approves-drug-reduce-risk-serious-kidney-and-heart-complications-adults-chronic-kidney-disease ). Podcast Video (MP4 258973 KB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray Epstein
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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Wang YL, Bai L, Shi XR, Zhu H, Du LJ, Liu Y, Ma XX, Lin WZ, Liu T, Sun JY, Liu Y, Guo XG, Zhou LJ, Chen BY, Shao S, Meng XQ, Li YL, Li RG, Duan SZ. Osteoblast MR deficiency protects against adverse ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 167:40-51. [PMID: 35314145 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists have been clinically used to treat heart failure. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. METHODS AND RESULTS Using osteoblast MR knockout (MRobko) mouse in combination with myocardial infarction (MI) model, we demonstrated that MR deficiency in osteoblasts significantly improved cardiac function, promoted myocardial healing, as well as attenuated cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and inflammatory response after MI. Gene expression profiling using RNA sequencing revealed suppressed expression of osteocalcin (OCN) in calvaria from MRobko mice compared to littermate control (MRfl/fl) mice with or without MI. Plasma levels of undercarboxylated OCN (ucOCN) were also markedly decreased in MRobko mice compared to MRfl/fl mice. Administration of ucOCN abolished the protective effects of osteoblast MR deficiency on infarcted hearts. Mechanistically, ucOCN treatment promoted proliferation and inflammatory cytokine secretion in macrophages. Spironolactone, an MR antagonist, significantly inhibited the expression and secretion of OCN in post-MI mice. More importantly, spironolactone decreased plasma levels of ucOCN and inflammatory cytokines in heart failure patients. CONCLUSIONS MR deficiency in osteoblasts alleviates pathological ventricular remodeling after MI, likely through its regulation on OCN. Spironolactone may work through osteoblast MR/OCN axis to exert its therapeutic effects on pathological ventricular remodeling and heart failure in mice and human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Li Wang
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China; Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lan Bai
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xue-Rui Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lin-Juan Du
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Ma
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wen-Zhen Lin
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jian-Yong Sun
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xu-Guang Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Lu-Jun Zhou
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Bo-Yan Chen
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Meng
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yu-Lin Li
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ruo-Gu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Sheng-Zhong Duan
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Demirel E, Sabouni R, Chandra N, Slayden OD, Archer DF. The Plasminogen Activator System, Glucocorticoid, and Mineralocorticoid Receptors in the Primate Endometrium During Artificial Menstrual Cycles. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:1001-1019. [PMID: 34796470 PMCID: PMC8863636 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00797-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As a key mechanism in fibrinolysis and tissue remodeling, the plasminogen activator system has been suggested in the process of endometrial shedding and tissue remodeling. Previous studies have explored the role of estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptors as well as elements of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in shaping the morphology of the endometrium. This study investigates the distribution and concentrations of the mineralocorticoid receptor, glucocorticoid receptor, tissue plasminogen activator, urokinase plasminogen activator, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 within the endometrial stroma, glandular, and endothelial cells of the primate endometrium during artificial menstrual cycles. Our immunohistochemistry quantification shows mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors are ubiquitously distributed within the macaque endometrium with their patterns of expression following similar fluctuations to urokinase and tissue plasminogen activators particularly within the endometrial vasculature. These proteins are present in endometrial vasculature in high levels during the proliferative phase, decreasing levels during the secretory phase followed by rising levels in the menstrual phase. These similarities could suggest overlapping pathways and interactions between the plasminogen activator system and the steroid receptors within the endometrium. Given the anti-inflammatory properties of glucocorticoids and the role of plasminogen activators in endometrial breakdown, the glucocorticoid receptor may be contributing to stabilizing the endometrium by regulating plasminogen activators during the proliferative phase and menstruation. Furthermore, given the anti-mineralocorticoid properties of certain anti-androgenic progestins and their reduced unscheduled uterine bleeding patterns, the mineralocorticoid receptor may be involved in unscheduled endometrial bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Demirel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, 300 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| | - Reem Sabouni
- The Clinical Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Neelima Chandra
- The Clinical Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Ov D Slayden
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - David F Archer
- The Clinical Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
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Karst H, den Boon FS, Vervoort N, Adrian M, Kapitein LC, Joëls M. Non-genomic steroid signaling through the mineralocorticoid receptor: Involvement of a membrane-associated receptor? Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 541:111501. [PMID: 34740745 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Corticosteroid receptors in the mammalian brain mediate genomic as well as non-genomic actions. Although receptors mediating genomic actions were already cloned 35 years ago, it remains unclear whether the same molecules are responsible for the non-genomic actions or that the latter involve a separate class of receptors. Here we focus on one type of corticosteroid receptors, i.e. the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). We summarize some of the known properties and the current insight in the localization of the MR in peripheral cells and neurons, especially in relation to non-genomic signaling. Previous studies from our own and other labs provided evidence that MRs mediating non-genomic actions are identical to the ones involved in genomic signaling, but may be translocated to the plasma cell membrane instead of the nucleus. With fixed cell imaging and live cell imaging techniques we tried to visualize these presumed membrane-associated MRs, using antibodies or overexpression of MR-GFP in COS7 and hippocampal cultured neurons. Despite the physiological evidence for MR location in or close to the cell membrane, we could not convincingly visualize membrane localization of endogenous MRs or GFP-MR molecules. However, we did find punctae of labeled antibodies intracellularly, which might indicate transactivating spots of MR near the membrane. We also found some evidence for trafficking of MR via beta-arrestins. In beta-arrestin knockout mice, we didn't observe metaplasticity in the basolateral amygdala anymore, indicating that internalization of MRs could play a role during corticosterone activation. Furthermore, we speculate that membrane-associated MRs could act indirectly via activating other membrane located structures like e.g. GPER and/or receptor tyrosine kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henk Karst
- Dept Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
| | - Femke S den Boon
- Dept Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Niek Vervoort
- University Utrecht, Faculty of Science, Division of Cell Biology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Max Adrian
- University Utrecht, Faculty of Science, Division of Cell Biology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lukas C Kapitein
- University Utrecht, Faculty of Science, Division of Cell Biology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marian Joëls
- Dept Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
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Cabrera D, Rao I, Raasch F, Solis N, Pizarro M, Freire M, Sáenz De Urturi D, Ramírez CA, Triantafilo N, León J, Riquelme A, Barrera F, Baudrand R, Aspichueta P, Arrese M, Arab JP. Mineralocorticoid receptor modulation by dietary sodium influences NAFLD development in mice. Ann Hepatol 2022; 24:100357. [PMID: 33940220 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2021.100357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Nonalcoholic-fatty-liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation is associated with increased risk of MetS but few studies have assessed the role of liver MR on NAFLD. We aimed to evaluate the effect of MR modulation by sodium intake in liver injury in experimental models of NAFLD. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6J mice were fed either a high-fat-diet (HFD) or a choline/methionine deficient (MCD) diet with different sodium concentrations. Hepatic concentration of lipid species, serum aldosterone levels, expression of MR, proinflammatory and profibrotic markers and liver histology were assessed. RESULTS Mice fed with High-Na+/HFD showed a lower MR expression in liver (p = 0.01) and less steatosis on histology (p = 0.04). Consistently, animals from this group exhibited lower levels of serum aldosterone (p = 0.028) and lower hepatic triglyceride content (p = 0.008). This associated to a reduced expression of lipogenic genes, significant changes in lipid subspecies, lower HOMA-IR (p < 0.05), and lower expression of pro-inflammatory and profibrotic markers compared to those mice fed a Low-Na+/HFD. Additionally, mice fed a High-Na+/HFD showed higher expression of salt-inducible kinase (SIK)-1 and lower expression of serum-and-glucocorticoid-inducible kinase (SGK)-1. Similar results were observed with the MCD diet model. CONCLUSION We identified in two experimental models of NAFLD that High-Na+ diet content is associated to lower serum aldosterone levels and hepatic MR downregulation, associated to decreased steatosis and reduced de novo hepatic lipogenesis, proinflammatory and profibrotic markers. Decreased activation of hepatic MR seems to generate beneficial downstream inhibition of lipogenesis in experimental NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cabrera
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Bernardo O Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Isabel Rao
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabiola Raasch
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nancy Solis
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Margarita Pizarro
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariela Freire
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Nicolás Triantafilo
- Departamento de Hematologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jonathan León
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Arnoldo Riquelme
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Barrera
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rene Baudrand
- Departamento de Endocrinologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Aspichueta
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain; Biocruces Health Research Institute, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | - Marco Arrese
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneracion (CARE), Departamento de Biologia Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Juan P Arab
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneracion (CARE), Departamento de Biologia Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Cai M, McNamara K, Yamazaki Y, Harada N, Miyashita M, Tada H, Ishida T, Sasano H. The role of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids under the impact of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in human breast lesions. Med Mol Morphol 2022; 55:110-122. [PMID: 35103835 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-022-00312-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We attempted to explore the possible involvement of the in situ availability of mineralocorticoids and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in the pathogenesis of mammary ductal carcinoma. We also explored their individual profiles among different subtypes of invasive ductal carcinomas of no special type (IDC-NST) by evaluating the status of MR, Glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) 1/2 at each stage of the putative cascade of the mammary ductal proliferative disorders. In this study, IDC-NST, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), and non-pathological breast tissues were all evaluated by immunohistochemistry. MR was significantly lower in ADH than in DCIS or IDC-NST. 11βHSD2 was significantly lower in ADH than normal breast tissue and 11βHSD1 was significantly higher in DCIS than normal, ADH, or IDC-NST. MR in progesterone receptor (PR)-positive IDC-NST cases tended to be associated with the Ki-67 labeling index. Results of the present study demonstrated that the status of MR and GR in conjunction with the 11βHSDs was correlated with the development of low-grade proliferative disorders in mammary glands. In addition, the potential crosstalk between MR and PR could also influence cell proliferation of breast carcinoma cells but further investigations are required for clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhen Cai
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keely McNamara
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuto Yamazaki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Narumi Harada
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Minoru Miyashita
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tada
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takanori Ishida
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. .,Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
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Kidoguchi S, Kitada K, Nakajima K, Nakano D, Ohsaki H, Kittikulsuth W, Kobara H, Masaki T, Yokoo T, Takahashi K, Titze J, Nishiyama A. Hepatocellular carcinoma induces body mass loss in parallel with osmolyte and water retention in rats. Life Sci 2022; 289:120192. [PMID: 34871664 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The number of cancer survivors with cardiovascular disease is increasing. However, the effect of cancer on body fluid regulation remains to be clarified. In this study, we evaluated body osmolyte and water imbalance in rats with hepatocellular carcinoma. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats were administered diethylnitrosamine, a carcinogenic drug, to establish liver cancer. We analyzed tissue osmolyte and water content, and their associations with aldosterone secretion. KEY FINDINGS Hepatocellular carcinoma rats had significantly reduced body mass and the amount of total body sodium, potassium, and water. However, these rats had significantly increased relative tissue sodium, potassium, and water content per tissue dry weight. Furthermore, these changes in sodium and water balance in hepatocellular carcinoma rats were significantly associated with increased 24-h urinary aldosterone excretion. Supplementation with 0.25% salt in drinking water improved body weight reduction associated with sodium and water retention in hepatocellular carcinoma rats, which was suppressed by treatment with spironolactone, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. Additionally, the urea-driven water conservation system was activated in hepatocellular carcinoma rats. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that hepatocellular carcinoma induces body mass loss in parallel with activation of the water conservation system including aldosterone secretion and urea accumulation to retain osmolyte and water. The osmolyte and water retention at the tissue level may be a causative factor for ascites and edema formation in liver failure rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kidoguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kento Kitada
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Nakajima
- Center for Joint Research Facilities Support, Research Promotion and Support Headquarters, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakano
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohsaki
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Science, Kobe, Japan
| | - Wararat Kittikulsuth
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Kobara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokoo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takahashi
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jens Titze
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany; Division of Nephrology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
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Faught E, Vijayan MM. Coordinated Action of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone and Cortisol Shapes the Acute Stress-Induced Behavioural Response in Zebrafish. Neuroendocrinology 2022; 112:74-87. [PMID: 33503614 DOI: 10.1159/000514778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The stress response mediated by the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation is highly conserved in vertebrates. Hyperactivity is one such established acute stress response, and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), the primary step in HPA activation, signalling has been implicated in this stressor-mediated behaviour. However, whether CRH mediates the acute behavioural effects either alone or in conjunction with glucocorticoids (GCs) are far from clear. We hypothesized that the CRH receptor 1 (CRHR1)-mediated rise in GCs post-stress is necessary for the initiation and maintenance of the acute stress-related behaviour. METHODS We first generated zebrafish (Danio rerio) with a mutation in the CRHR1 gene (CRHR1-KO) to assess the function of CRH. The behavioural readout utilized for this study was the locomotor activity of larval zebrafish in response to an acute light exposure, a protocol that freezes the larvae in response to the light stimulus. To test whether cortisol signalling is involved in the stress-mediated hyperactivity, we treated wildtype fish with metyrapone (MET), an inhibitor of 11β-hydroxylase, to suppress cortisol production. The temporal role for cortisol signalling in the stress-related hyperactivity was tested using the glucocorticoid receptor knockout (GRKO) and mineralocorticoid receptor knockout (MRKO) zebrafish mutants. RESULTS CRHR1-KO larvae did not increase cortisol, the principal GC in teleosts, post-stress, confirming a functional knockout. An acute stress resulted in the hyperactivity of the larvae in light at 15, 60, and 240 min post-stress, and this was absent in CRHR1-KO larvae. Addition of MET effectively blocked the attendant rise in cortisol post-stress; however, the stress-mediated hyperactivity was inhibited only at 60 and 240 min but not at 15 min post-stress. Addition of human CRH peptide caused hyperactivity at 15 min, and this response was also abolished in the CRHR1-KO mutants. The stress-induced hyperactivity was absent in the MRKO fish, while GRKO mutants showed transient effects. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the stress-induced hyperactivity is induced by the CRH/CRHR1 system, while the temporal activation of cortisol production and the associated GR/MR signalling is essential for prolonging the stressor-induced hyperactivity. This study underscores the importance of systems-level analysis to assess stress responsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Faught
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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50
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Bruns B, Daub R, Schmitz T, Hamze-Sinno M, Spaich S, Dewenter M, Schwale C, Gass P, Vogt M, Katus H, Herzog W, Friederich HC, Frey N, Schultz JH, Backs J. Forebrain corticosteroid receptors promote post-myocardial infarction depression and mortality. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:44. [PMID: 36068417 PMCID: PMC9448693 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) with subsequent depression is associated with increased cardiac mortality. Impaired central mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) equilibrium has been suggested as a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of human depression. Here, we investigate if deficient central MR/GR signaling is causative for a poor outcome after MI in mice. Mice with an inducible forebrain-specific MR/GR knockout (MR/GR-KO) underwent baseline and follow-up echocardiography every 2 weeks after MI or sham operation. Behavioral testing at 4 weeks confirmed significant depressive-like behavior and, strikingly, a higher mortality after MI, while cardiac function and myocardial damage remained unaffected. Telemetry revealed cardiac autonomic imbalance with marked bradycardia and ventricular tachycardia (VT) upon MI in MR/GR-KO. Mechanistically, we found a higher responsiveness to atropine, pointing to impaired parasympathetic tone of 'depressive' mice after MI. Serum corticosterone levels were increased but-in line with the higher vagal tone-plasma and cardiac catecholamines were decreased. MR/GR deficiency in the forebrain led to significant depressive-like behavior and a higher mortality after MI. This was accompanied by increased vagal tone, depleted catecholaminergic compensatory capacity and VTs. Thus, limbic MR/GR disequilibrium may contribute to the impaired outcome of depressive patients after MI and possibly explain the lack of anti-depressive treatment benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Bruns
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ,Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ricarda Daub
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Hamze-Sinno
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Spaich
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ,Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Matthias Dewenter
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chrysovalandis Schwale
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ,Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Gass
- Central Institute of Mental Health, RG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of Mannheim/University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Miriam Vogt
- Central Institute of Mental Health, RG Animal Models in Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of Mannheim/University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hugo Katus
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herzog
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Christoph Friederich
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany ,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jobst-Hendrik Schultz
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Backs
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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