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Punithavathy PM, Telugu RB, Rao VM, Prabhu SB, Kabeerdoss J, Syed C, Joseph G, Danda D, Thomas M, Goel R. Study of pathogenic T-helper cell subsets in Asian Indian patients with Takayasu arteritis. Immunol Res 2024; 72:636-643. [PMID: 38326692 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-024-09459-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The relapses and refractory disease are a challenge in the management of patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK). We quantified pathogenic CD4 + memory T helper cells bearing surface markers CD161 and/or p-glycoprotein (MDR1) in patients with TAK. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 21 patients with TAK and 16 age-matched controls were stained with anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti-CD45RA, anti-CD161 and anti-p-glycoprotein antibodies and subjected to flow cytometry by FACS ARIAIII. Eighteen patients underwent follow-up immunophenotyping. Intracellular staining for interleukin-17 and interferon-γ was performed for 18 patients and 11 controls. Surgical arterial biopsies of 6 TAK and 5 non-inflammatory controls were subjected to immunohistochemistry with anti-CD161 and anti-p-glycoprotein. At baseline the frequency of MDR1 + CD4 + and CD161 + MDR1 + CD4 + memory T cells was higher in TAK than controls (p = 0.002 and 0.01, respectively). After stimulation, the frequency of IFN-y + CD161 + cells was higher in TAK than controls (p = 0.028). Modal fluorescence intensity of CD161 + MDR1 + CD45RA - CD4 + cells was higher in active as compared with stable disease (p = 0.041). At 6 months, MDR1 + and CD161 + MDR1 + memory CD4 + T cells decreased significantly only in patients who had complete/partial response to treatment (p = 0.047 and 0.02, respectively). To conclude, MDR1 + and MDR1 + CD161 + CD4 + memory T-helper cells are increased in patients with TAK. These cells decreased only in patients with response to treatment during subsequent follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Punithavathy
- Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, India
| | - Ramesh Babu Telugu
- Department of Pathology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, India
| | - Vinay Murahari Rao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, India
| | - Savit B Prabhu
- Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, India
| | - Jayakanthan Kabeerdoss
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, India
| | - Chanduni Syed
- Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, India
| | - George Joseph
- Department of Cardiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, India
| | - Debashish Danda
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, India
| | - Meera Thomas
- Department of Pathology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, India
| | - Ruchika Goel
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, India.
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Tanaka S, Etori K, Hattori K, Tamura J, Ikeda K, Kageyama T, Meguro K, Iwamoto T, Iwata A, Furuta S, Suto A, Suzuki K, Nakajima H. CCR4 predicts the efficacy of abatacept in rheumatoid arthritis patients through the estimation of Th17 and Treg cell abundance. Mod Rheumatol 2024; 34:700-704. [PMID: 37522614 DOI: 10.1093/mr/road077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Predicting the efficacy of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs is challenging. In this study, we aimed to explore markers that predict the efficacy of abatacept in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. METHODS Thirty RA patients receiving abatacept were recruited, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the participants were subjected to DNA microarray analysis. The expression of CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4), which was selected by the result of DNA microarray, was determined by flow cytometry in 16 newly diagnosed treatment-naïve RA patients. CCR4 expression on each helper T-cell subset was also measured. RESULTS CCR4 was upregulated in the abatacept responder. The expression levels of CCR4 were significantly correlated with the improvement of the Clinical Disease Activity Index. CCR4 expression was predominantly observed in CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The percentage of CCR4-expressing CD4+ T cells was significantly higher in RA patients than in healthy individuals. Interestingly, Th17 and Treg cells expressed high levels of CCR4 compared to non-Th17-related helper T cells. CONCLUSIONS CCR4 is a Th17- and Treg-related gene, and the high CCR4 expression in peripheral blood samples may predict the efficacy of abatacept in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Tanaka
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keishi Etori
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koto Hattori
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Tamura
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kei Ikeda
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kageyama
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Meguro
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taro Iwamoto
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Arifumi Iwata
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Furuta
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Suto
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Institute for Advanced Academic Research, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kotaro Suzuki
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakajima
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Chiba University, Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development (cSIMVa), Chiba, Japan
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Shu L, Xu H, Ji J, Xu Y, Dong Z, Wu Y, Guo Y. Long-Term Accumulation of T Cytotoxic 1, T Cytotoxic 17, and T Cytotoxic 17/1 Cells in the Brain Contributes to Microglia-Mediated Chronic Neuroinflammation After Ischemic Stroke. Neuromolecular Med 2024; 26:17. [PMID: 38684592 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-024-08786-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Post-stroke neuroinflammation affects the damage and recovery of neurological functions. T cells including CD8+ T cells were present in the ipsilateral hemisphere in the subacute and late phases of ischemic stroke. However, the potential roles of CD8+ T cell subsets in the progression of neuroinflammation have not been characterized. In the current mouse transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model, we investigated the existence of CD8+ T cell subsets in the ipsilateral hemisphere in the subacute and late phases of stroke. We found that ipsilateral CD8+ T cells were present on post-stroke day 3 and increased on post-stroke day 30. The day-3 ipsilateral CD8+ T cells predominantly produced interferon-γ (IFN-γ), while the day-30 ipsilateral CD8+ T cells co-expressed IFN-γ and interleukin-17A (IL-17A). In addition, evaluation of cytokines and transcription factors of the day-30 ipsilateral CD8+ T cells revealed the presence of T cytotoxic 1 (Tc1), T cytotoxic 17 (Tc17), and T cytotoxic 17/1 (Tc17/1) cells. Furthermore, based on the expression of a series of chemokine/cytokine receptors, viable ipsilateral Tc1, Tc17, and Tc17.1 cells were identified and enriched from the day-30 ipsilateral CD8+ T cells, respectively. Co-culture of microglia with ipsilateral Tc1, Tc17, or Tc17.1 cells indicated that the three CD8+ T cell subsets up-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators by microglia, with Tc17.1 cells being the most potent cell in doing so. Collectively, this study sheds light on the contributions of Tc1, Tc17, and Tc17.1 cells to long-term neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- The Department of Neurology, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang City, 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiale Ji
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuhan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ziyue Dong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yijing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Xia Z, Hu B, Yang M, He W. Zinc finger protein 189 promotes the differentiation of lamina propria T helper 17.1 cells in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Autoimmunity 2023; 56:2189140. [PMID: 36942486 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2023.2189140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The factors regulating the heterogeneity of interleukin-17A (IL-17A)-expressing CD4+ T cells in inflammatory bowel diseases remain unclear. In the current study, we characterised the expression and function of zinc finger protein 189 (ZFP189) in a murine colitis model. Mice were given dextran sulphate sodium to induce acute colitis. Flow cytometry was applied to recognise and enrich Th17 and Th17.1 cells based on the expression of IL-17A, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3), and C-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4). The expression of ZFP189 in Th17 and Th17.1 cells was determined by Immunoblotting. Lentivirus-mediated ZFP189 knockdown was conducted to evaluate the effect of ZFP189 on the differentiation of Th17 and Th17.1 cells. The adoptive transfer was performed to analyse the pathogenicity of Th17.1 cells in vivo. We found that ZFP189 was mildly up-regulated in IL-17A-expressing CD4+ T cells in colonic lamina propria. Lamina propria Th17.1 cells expressed higher ZFP189 than Th17 cells. In vitro ZFP189 knockdown in CD4+ T cells did not impact Th17 cell differentiation but suppressed Th17.1 cell differentiation, as evidenced by lower T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet) and IFN-γ. When adoptively transferred into mice, ZFP189-deficient Th17.1 cells produced fewer IFN-γ, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) than ZFP189-expressing Th17.1 cells. Moreover, ZFP189-deficient Th17.1 cells induced less severe colitis than ZFP189-expressing Th17.1 cells, as evidenced by less body weight loss, a lower disease activity index, and a lower colon histological score. In summary, ZFP189 acts as a positive regulator of the differentiation and pathogenicity of lamina propria Th17.1 cells in colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wenjie He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Toghi M, Bitarafan S, Ghafouri-Fard S. Pathogenic Th17 cells in autoimmunity with regard to rheumatoid arthritis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 250:154818. [PMID: 37729783 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Th17 cells contribute the pathobiology of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it was shown that differentiated Th17 cells display a high degree of plasticity under the influence of inflammatory conditions. In some autoimmune diseases, the majority of Th17 cells, especially at sites of inflammation, have a phenotype that is intermediate between Th17 and Th1. These cells, which are described as Th17.1 or exTh17 cells, are hypothesized to be more pathogenic than classical Th17 cells. In this review, the involvement of Th17.1 lymphocytes in RA, and potential features that might render these cells to be more pathogenic are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Toghi
- Department of Immune and Infectious Diseases, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sara Bitarafan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Bhattacharya G, Sengupta S, Jha R, Shaw SK, Jogdand GM, Barik PK, Padhan P, Parida JR, Devadas S. IL-21/23 axis modulates inflammatory cytokines and RANKL expression in RA CD4 + T cells via p-Akt1 signaling. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1235514. [PMID: 37809066 PMCID: PMC10551441 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1235514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction CD4+ T cells are critically involved in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis; an autoimmune disorder characterized by joint inflammation and bone degeneration. In this study, we focused on the critical role of cytokines, IL-21 and IL-23 in facilitating the aberrant status of RA Th17-like cells and report their significant contribution(s) in modulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines and RANKL. Methods Blood and synovial fluid collected from a total of 167 RA patients and 25 healthy volunteers were assessed for various inflammatory markers and RANKL expression in plasma and CD4+ T cells. Subsequent ex vivo studies examined the role of specific cytokines, IL-21 and IL-23 in mediating inflammation and RANKL upregulation by blocking their expression with neutralizing antibodies in RA CD4+ T cells and terminally differentiated human Th17 cells. Further, the role of p-Akt1 as a signalling target downstream of IL-21 and IL-23 was evinced with IL-21 and IL-23 inhibition and phospho Akt-1/2 kinase inhibitor. Results Our observations highlighted the augmented inflammatory cytokine levels in plasma and an aberrant CD4+ T cell phenotype expressing exaggerated inflammatory cytokines and membrane RANKL expression in RA as opposed to healthy controls. Neutralization of either IL-21 or IL-23 (p19 and p40) or both, resulted in downregulation of the cytokines, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-17 and RANKL expression in these cells, signifying the critical role of IL-21/23 axis in modulating inflammation and RANKL. Subsequent dissection of the signaling pathway found p-Akt1 as the key phosphoprotein downstream of both IL-21 and IL-23, capable of increasing inflammatory cytokines and RANKL production. Discussion Our findings unequivocally identify IL-21/23 axis in RA CD4+ T cells as a key regulator dictating two critical processes i.e. exaggerated inflammation and higher RANKL expression and provide critical targets in their downstream signalling for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargee Bhattacharya
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad-Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Soumya Sengupta
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad-Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Rohila Jha
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad-Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Shubham K. Shaw
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad-Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | | | | | - Prasanta Padhan
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Jyoti R. Parida
- Odisha Arthritis & Rheumatology Centre (OARC), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Satish Devadas
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad-Gurgaon, Haryana, India
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Effect of climatic environment on immunological features of rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1304. [PMID: 36693893 PMCID: PMC9873807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of climatic environment on the immunological features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Blood samples were collected from patients with RA and healthy controls (HCs), matched by age and sex, living in two locations, Tsukuba and Karuizawa, which differ in their altitude and average air temperature and atmospheric pressure. Analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) revealed that the proportion of T and B cell subpopulations in HCs and RA patients were significantly different between two sites. Inverse probability weighting adjustment with propensity scores was used to control for potential confounding factors. The results revealed that, in comparison with RA patients in Tsukuba, those in Karuizawa showed a significant increase in cTh1, cTfh1, and Tph cells, and significant decrease in cTh17, cTh17.1, and CD8+ Treg in T cell subpopulations, and a significant increase in DNB, DN1, DN2, and class-switched memory B cells, and a significant decrease in unswitched memory B, naïve B cells, and ABCs in B cell subpopulations. Our results suggest the possibility that climatic environment might have an effect on immune cell proportion and function, and be related to the pathogenic mechanism of RA.
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8
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Su QY, Zheng JW, Yang JY, Zhang TY, Song S, Zhao R, Di JK, Zhang SX, Wang CH, Gao HY. Levels of Peripheral Th17 Cells and Th17-Related Cytokines in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Meta-analysis. Adv Ther 2022; 39:4423-4439. [PMID: 35960483 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-022-02240-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease. Several proinflammatory cytokines produced by T helper 17 (Th17) cells are involved in the pathogenesis of AS. We performed a meta-analysis to determine the levels of Th17 cells and serum Th17-associated cytokines in patients with AS. METHODS We determined the levels of Th17 cells and Th17 cytokines in patients with AS using data extracted from published articles retrieved from the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge, Clinical Trials.gov, and FDA.gov. DATABASES The effect estimates were pooled using a random-effects model. The review protocols were registered on PROSPERO (reference: CRD42021255741) and followed the PRISMA guideline. RESULTS This meta-analysis included 138 studies. Compared to healthy controls (HCs), patients with AS had a higher proportion of Th17 cells (standardized mean difference [SMD] 2.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.78-2.68; p < 0.001) and levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-17 (SMD 2.04, 95% CI 1.70-2.38; p < 0.001), IL-21 (SMD 1.77, 95% CI 0.95-2.59; p < 0.001), and IL-23 (SMD 1.11, 95% CI 0.78-1.44; p < 0.001). The subgroup analysis showed higher levels of IL-17+ Th17 cells among peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and CD4+ T cells in patients with AS compared to HCs (SMD 2.26, 95% CI 1.58-2.94 [p < 0.001] and SMD 1.61, 95% CI 0.55-2.67 [p = 0.003], respectively). Patients with AS had higher levels of CD4+IL-17+IFN-γ- Th17 in PBMCs and of CD4+CCR6+CCR4+Th17 in CD4+ T cells compared to HCs (SMD 1.85, 95% CI 1.06-2.64 [p < 0.001] and SMD 7.72, 95% CI 6.55-8.89 [p < 0.001], respectively). No significant differences were observed in the proportions of CD4+IL-17+IFN-γ- Th17 in CD4+ T cells and CD4+CCR6+CCR4+ Th17 in PBMCs (SMD - 0.11, 95% CI - 0.61 to 0.38 [p = 0.650] and SMD 1.32, 95% CI - 0.54 to 3.19 [p = 0.165], respectively). In addition, compared to stable AS, the levels of Th17 cells and IL-17 and IL-23 were significantly higher in active AS (SMD 1.58, 95% CI 0.30-2.85 [p = 0.016], SMD 3.52, 95% CI 0.72-6.33 [p = 0.014], and SMD 5.10, 95% CI 1.83-8.36 [p = 0.002], respectively). CONCLUSIONS The levels of Th17 cells and serum IL-17, IL-21, and IL-23 were higher in patients with AS than in HCs and, compared with stable AS, they increased more significantly in active AS. These results suggest that Th17 cells and Th17-related cytokines play major roles in AS pathogenesis and are an important target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Yi Su
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jing-Wen Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tong-Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shan Song
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jing-Kai Di
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sheng-Xiao Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Cai-Hong Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hui-Ying Gao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China. .,Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
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9
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Levels of Pathogenic Th17 and Th22 Cells in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:5398743. [PMID: 35996623 PMCID: PMC9392632 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5398743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized, among others, by tissue damage and activation/differentiation of proinflammatory lymphocytes. Accordingly, several studies have concluded that type 17 T helper (Th17) cells seem to have an important role in the pathogenesis of this condition. However, the strategy for the identification and analysis of proinflammatory Th17 cells in those studies has not been consistent and has usually been different from what was originally described. Therefore, we decided to evaluate the levels of Th17 cells in patients with RA employing an extended immune phenotype by using an eight-color multiparametric flow cytometry analysis. For this purpose, blood samples were obtained from 30 patients with RA and 16 healthy subjects, and the levels of Th17 and type 22 helper (Th22) lymphocytes were analyzed as well as the in vitro differentiation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells into Th17 lymphocytes induced by interleukin-23 (IL-23) and IL-1β. We found significant enhanced levels of total Th17 lymphocytes (defined as CD4+IL-17+) as well as enhanced numbers of their pathogenic (defined as CD4+CXCR3+IL-17+IL-22+CD243+CD161+IFN-γ+IL-10−) and nonpathogenic (CD4+CXCR3+IL-17+IL-22−CD243−CD161−IFN-γ−IL-10+) cell subsets in patients with RA. Likewise, the number of Th22 (CD4+CXCR3+/-IL-17−IL-22+) was also increased in these patients compared to healthy controls. However, the in vitro induction/differentiation of pathogenic Th17 cells showed similar results in controls and patients with RA. Likewise, no significant associations were detected in patients with RA between the levels of Th17 or Th22 cells and clinical or laboratory parameters. Our data indicate that patients with RA show enhanced blood levels of the different subsets of Th17 cells and Th22 lymphocytes tested in this study and suggest that these levels are not apparently associated with clinical or laboratory parameters.
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10
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Tsiogkas SG, Mavropoulos A, Dardiotis E, Zafiriou E, Bogdanos DP. A sharp decrease of Th17, CXCR3+-Th17, and Th17.1 in peripheral blood is associated with an early anti-IL-17-mediated clinical remission in psoriasis. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 210:79-89. [PMID: 35925616 PMCID: PMC9585551 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis-an immune-mediated skin disease-implicates in its pathophysiology by circulating pro-inflammatory cell populations, cytokines, and their interactions with the epidermis. The direct effect of approved anti-interleukin- (IL-)17A and anti-IL-17R biologic therapy on immunophenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes' (PBMCs) relative sub-population frequencies in psoriasis patients has not yet been described. Using multiparameter flow cytometry we examined T-cell subpopulations characterized by CCR6, CCR4, and CXCR3 chemokine receptor surface expression at baseline and after initiation of biologic therapy in PBMCs collected from 30 psoriasis patients. Increased CD3+CD4+CXCR3+, CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4+CXCR3+(CXCR3+-Th17), and CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4-CXCR3+(Th17.1) cell populations were observed in patients with psoriasis in comparison to healthy individuals (n = 10). IL-17 therapeutic blockade decreased CD3+CD4+CCR6+, CD3+CD4+CXCR3+, CD3+CD4+CCR6-CXCR3+(Th1), CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4+(Th17), CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4+CXCR3+(CXCR3+-Th17), and CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4-CXCR3+(Th17.1) cell populations in responding psoriasis patients. Moreover, CD3+CD4-CCR6+, CD3+CD4-CXCR3+, CD3+CD4-CCR6+CCR4+(Tc17), and CD3+CD4-CCR6-CXCR3+(Tc1) percentages were also inhibited. Modulation of the same cell sub-populations was also assessed in patients treated with methotrexate (n = 4), apremilast (n = 4), and anti-IL-23 biologic treatment (n = 4). In our study, the levels and functional capacity of peripheral pro-inflammatory Th1, Th17, and additional CCR6+T cell sub-gated populations from psoriasis patients that were treated with anti-IL-17 or anti-IL-17R targeted biologic therapy were explored for the first time. Our data clearly demonstrate that early anti-IL-17 mediated clinical remission is accompanied by a significant decrease of Th1, Th17, CXCR3+-Th17, and Th17.1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios G Tsiogkas
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Athanasios Mavropoulos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efterpi Zafiriou
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Correspondence: Dimitrios P. Bogdanos, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
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11
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Misra DP, Agarwal V. Th17.1 lymphocytes: emerging players in the orchestra of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Clin Rheumatol 2022; 41:2297-2308. [PMID: 35546376 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06202-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It is now well established that Th17 lymphocytes associate with myriad immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Over the past one and a half decades, a subset of Th17 lymphocytes viz. Th17.1 lymphocytes has been identified in pre-clinical and clinical models of inflammatory rheumatic diseases. These lymphocytes secrete IL-17A (signature cytokine of Th17 lymphocytes) as well as IFN-γ (the signature cytokine of Th1 lymphocytes). They express the chemokine markers for Th1 (CXCR3) as well as Th17 (CCR6) lymphocytes. Th17.1 lymphocytes also express the drug efflux protein p-glycoprotein, which associates with resistance to corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive drugs. This narrative review overviews the evidence regarding Th17.1 lymphocytes in different inflammatory rheumatic diseases. It is now recognized that Th17.1 lymphocytes are increased in the synovial fluid of affected joints in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and associate with poor treatment response to abatacept. Th17.1 lymphocytes from synovial fluid of RA are less responsive to immunosuppression than those from the peripheral blood. In sarcoidosis, Th17.1 lymphocytes are concentrated in mediastinal lymph nodes and alveolar lining. Such Th17.1 lymphocytes in sarcoidosis are the predominant source of IFN-γ in the sarcoid lung. Th17.1 lymphocytes are elevated in lupus and Takayasu arteritis and associate with disease activity. Future studies should evaluate isolated Th17.1 lymphocytes from peripheral blood or sites of pathology such as synovial fluid and assess their modulation with immunosuppressive therapy in vitro. The analysis of gene expression signature of isolated Th17.1 lymphocytes might enable the identification of newer therapeutic strategies specifically targeting these cell populations in inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Key Points • Th17.1 lymphocytes are a subset of Th17 lymphocytes secreting both IFN-γ and IL-17 • Th17.1 lymphocytes drive neutrophilic inflammation, granuloma formation, and corticosteroid resistance • Th17.1 lymphocytes are elevated in rheumatoid arthritis and sarcoidosis at sites of inflammation • Increased circulating Th17.1 lymphocytes have been identified in lupus and Takayasu arteritis and associate with active disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Prasanna Misra
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow-226014, India.
| | - Vikas Agarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow-226014, India
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12
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Elisa G, Tolusso B, Petricca L, Di Mario C, Gigante MR, Ferraccioli G, Alivernini S. Peripheral blood CD4 posCD25 posFoxP3 pos cells and inflammatory cytokines as biomarkers of response in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with CTLA4-Ig. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:143. [PMID: 35706043 PMCID: PMC9199213 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02827-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognostic biomarkers of treatment response to distinct biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (b-DMARDs) are still lacking within the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Thirty-four b-DMARDs naive RA patients, divided by disease duration into early (cohort 1) and long standing (cohort 2), received CTLA4-Ig. At study entry, and every 3 months for 1 year, each patient underwent peripheral blood (PB)-derived CD4pos cell subpopulation assessment by flow cytometry, STAT3 and STAT5 expression by RT-PCR and IL-6, IL-12p70, TGFβ, and IL-10 serum levels by ELISA. The DAS and CDAI remission was assessed at 6 and 12 months. RESULTS DAS- and CDAI-defined remission within 12 months was achieved by 16 (47.1%) and 8 (23.5%) RA patients, respectively. Considering the whole RA cohort, CTLA4-Ig induced a significant decrease of IL-6 serum levels from baseline to 6 and 12 months, as well as of PB CD4posCD25posFoxP3pos cells at 6 and 12 months, and of CD4posIL17pos cells after 12 months. PB CD4pos cells of RA patients showed higher STAT3 and STAT5 expression than healthy controls, which remained unchanged within 12 months of treatment. At study entry, RA patients achieving DAS remission had significantly lower IL-6 serum levels than RA patients not achieving this outcome. In particular, having baseline IL-6 serum levels ≤ 8.4 pg/ml, significantly identified naïve to b-DMARDs RA patients more likely to achieve DAS-remission under CTLA4-Ig at 6 months (66.7%) compared to RA patients with baseline IL-6 serum levels > 8.4 pg/ml [15.4%, OR (95%Cis) 11.00 (1.75-55.82)]. Moreover, having CD4posCD25posFoxP3pos cells rate ≥ 6.0% significantly identifies naïve to b-DMARDs early RA patients more likely to achieve DAS remission at 6 months (83.3%) compared to RA patients with baseline CD4posCD25posFoxP3pos cells < 6.0% [16.7%, OR (95% Cis) 25.00 (1.00-336.81)]. CONCLUSIONS Baseline IL-6 serum levels and peripheral blood-derived CD4pos subpopulations are putative novel prognostic biomarkers of CTLA4-Ig response in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gremese Elisa
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Moscati 31, 00168, Rome, Italy. .,Immunology Core Facility, Gemelli Science Technological Park, GSTeP, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. .,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
| | - Barbara Tolusso
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Moscati 31, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Immunology Core Facility, Gemelli Science Technological Park, GSTeP, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Petricca
- Division of Rheumatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Clara Di Mario
- Immunology Core Facility, Gemelli Science Technological Park, GSTeP, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Gigante
- Division of Rheumatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Alivernini
- Immunology Core Facility, Gemelli Science Technological Park, GSTeP, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. .,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. .,Division of Rheumatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
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13
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Hu B, Wang H, Xiao F. E74 Like ETS Transcription Factor 3 is a Negative Regulator of Pathogenic Lamina Propria T Helper 17.1 Cells in Murine Colitis. Immunol Invest 2022; 51:1950-1964. [PMID: 35696273 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2022.2084409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-17A (IL-17A)-expressing T cells, including T helper 17 (Th17) and T helper 17.1 (Th17.1) cells, play a significant role in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Identifying the mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity and plasticity of IL-17A-expressing T cells is crucial for understanding and controlling their pathogenicity. The role of E74 like ETS transcription factor 3 (ELF3) in regulating the pathogenicity of IL-17A-expressing T cells has not been studied before. Dextran sulfate sodium was used to induce acute colitis in transgenic mice co-expressing IL-17A and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). IL-17A-expressing T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. ELF3 expression was evaluated by reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Lentivirus-mediated ELF3 overexpression was performed to assess the effect of ELF3 on Th17 and Th17.1 cells in vitro. The in vivo effect of ELF3 on Th17.1 cells was analyzed in an adoptive transfer colitis model. ELF3 was expressed by IL-17A-expressing T cells in the colonic lamina propria after colitis induction. Th17 cells and Th17.1 cells were distinguished based on the expression of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3, cytokine production, and key regulators. Th17 cells expressed higher ELF3 than Th17.1 cells. Ectopic ELF3 overexpression did not alter Th17 cell function while suppressing Th17.1 cell function in vitro. When adoptively transferred into Rag1 knockout mice to induce colitis, ELF3-overexpressing Th17.1 cells were less pathogenic than the control Th17.1 cells. ELF3 suppresses the pathogenicity of Th17.1 cells in colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Department of gastrointestinal surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of gastrointestinal surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of gastrointestinal surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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14
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Lin J, Tang J, Lin J, He Y, Yu Z, Jiang R, Yang B, Ou Q. YY1 regulation by miR-124-3p promotes Th17 cell pathogenicity through interaction with T-bet in rheumatoid arthritis. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e149985. [PMID: 34806650 PMCID: PMC8663781 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.149985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Th17 cells are involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Our previous studies have revealed that transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) plays an important role in the pathogenic mechanisms of RA. However, whether YY1 has any role in Th17 cell pathogenicity and what molecular regulatory mechanism is involved remain poorly understood. Here, we found the proportion of pathogenic Th17 (pTh17) cells was significantly higher in RA than in control individuals and showed a potential relationship with YY1 expression. In addition, we also observed YY1 expression was increased in pTh17, and the pTh17 differentiation was hampered by YY1 knockdown. Consistently, knockdown of YY1 decreased the proportion of pTh17 cells and attenuated joint inflammation in collagen-induced arthritis mice. Mechanistically, YY1 could regulate the pathogenicity of Th17 cells through binding to the promoter region of transcription factor T-bet and interacting with T-bet protein. This function of YY1 for promoting pTh17 differentiation was specific to Th17 cells and not to Th1 cells. Moreover, we found miR-124-3p negatively correlated with YY1 in RA patients, and it could bind to 3'-UTR regions of YY1 to inhibit the posttranscriptional translation of YY1. Altogether, these findings indicate YY1 regulation by miR-124-3p could specifically promote Th17 cell pathogenicity in part through interaction with T-bet, and these findings present promising therapeutic targets in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpiao Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, and
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jifeng Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, and
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junyu Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yujue He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, and
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ziqing Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, and
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Renquan Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, and
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, and
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qishui Ou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, and
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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15
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Golovkin A, Kalinina O, Bezrukikh V, Aquino A, Zaikova E, Karonova T, Melnik O, Vasilieva E, Kudryavtsev I. Imbalanced Immune Response of T-Cell and B-Cell Subsets in Patients with Moderate and Severe COVID-19. Viruses 2021; 13:1966. [PMID: 34696395 PMCID: PMC8538447 DOI: 10.3390/v13101966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunological changes associated with COVID-19 are largely unknown. METHODS Patients with COVID-19 showing moderate (n = 18; SpO2 > 93%, respiratory rate > 22 per minute, CRP > 10 mg/L) and severe (n = 23; SpO2 < 93%, respiratory rate >30 per minute, PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 mmHg, permanent oxygen therapy, qSOFA > 2) infection, and 37 healthy donors (HD) were enrolled. Circulating T- and B-cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS CD4+Th cells were skewed toward Th2-like phenotypes within CD45RA+CD62L- (CM) and CD45RA-CD62L- (EM) cells in patients with severe COVID-19, while CM CCR6+ Th17-like cells were decreased if compared with HD. Within CM Th17-like cells "classical" Th17-like cells were increased and Th17.1-like cells were decreased in severe COVID-19 cases. Circulating CM follicular Th-like (Tfh) cells were decreased in all COVID-19 patients, and Tfh17-like cells represented the most predominant subset in severe COVID-19 cases. Both groups of patients showed increased levels of IgD-CD38++ B cells, while the levels of IgD+CD38- and IgD-CD38- were decreased. The frequency of IgD+CD27+ and IgD-CD27+ B cells was significantly reduced in severe COVID-19 cases. CONCLUSIONS We showed an imbalance within almost all circulating memory Th subsets during acute COVID-19 and showed that altered Tfh polarization led to a dysregulated humoral immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Golovkin
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.K.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (E.Z.); (T.K.); (O.M.); (E.V.); (I.K.)
| | - Olga Kalinina
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.K.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (E.Z.); (T.K.); (O.M.); (E.V.); (I.K.)
| | - Vadim Bezrukikh
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.K.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (E.Z.); (T.K.); (O.M.); (E.V.); (I.K.)
| | - Arthur Aquino
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.K.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (E.Z.); (T.K.); (O.M.); (E.V.); (I.K.)
| | - Ekaterina Zaikova
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.K.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (E.Z.); (T.K.); (O.M.); (E.V.); (I.K.)
| | - Tatyana Karonova
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.K.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (E.Z.); (T.K.); (O.M.); (E.V.); (I.K.)
| | - Olesya Melnik
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.K.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (E.Z.); (T.K.); (O.M.); (E.V.); (I.K.)
| | - Elena Vasilieva
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.K.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (E.Z.); (T.K.); (O.M.); (E.V.); (I.K.)
| | - Igor Kudryavtsev
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.K.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (E.Z.); (T.K.); (O.M.); (E.V.); (I.K.)
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
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16
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Packialakshmi B, Stewart IJ, Burmeister DM, Chung KK, Zhou X. Large animal models for translational research in acute kidney injury. Ren Fail 2021; 42:1042-1058. [PMID: 33043785 PMCID: PMC7586719 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2020.1830108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While extensive research using animal models has improved the understanding of acute kidney injury (AKI), this knowledge has not been translated into effective treatments. Many promising interventions for AKI identified in mice and rats have not been validated in subsequent clinical trials. As a result, the mortality rate of AKI patients remains high. Inflammation plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of AKI, and one reason for the failure to translate promising therapeutics may lie in the profound difference between the immune systems of rodents and humans. The immune systems of large animals such as swine, nonhuman primates, sheep, dogs and cats, more closely resemble the human immune system. Therefore, in the absence of a basic understanding of the pathophysiology of human AKI, large animals are attractive models to test novel interventions. However, there is a lack of reviews on large animal models for AKI in the literature. In this review, we will first highlight differences in innate and adaptive immunities among rodents, large animals, and humans in relation to AKI. After illustrating the potential merits of large animals in testing therapies for AKI, we will summarize the current state of the evidence in terms of what therapeutics have been tested in large animal models. The aim of this review is not to suggest that murine models are not valid to study AKI. Instead, our objective is to demonstrate that large animal models can serve as valuable and complementary tools in translating potential therapeutics into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian J Stewart
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David M Burmeister
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin K Chung
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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17
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Koetzier SC, van Langelaar J, Blok KM, van den Bosch TPP, Wierenga-Wolf AF, Melief MJ, Pol K, Siepman TA, Verjans GMGM, Smolders J, Lubberts E, de Vries HE, van Luijn MM. Brain-homing CD4 + T cells display glucocorticoid-resistant features in MS. NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2020; 7:7/6/e894. [PMID: 33037101 PMCID: PMC7577536 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective To study whether glucocorticoid (GC) resistance delineates disease-relevant T helper (Th) subsets that home to the CNS of patients with early MS. Methods The expression of key determinants of GC sensitivity, multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1/ABCB1) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR/NR3C1), was investigated in proinflammatory Th subsets and compared between natalizumab-treated patients with MS and healthy individuals. Blood, CSF, and brain compartments from patients with MS were assessed for the recruitment of GC-resistant Th subsets using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Results An MS-associated Th subset termed Th17.1 showed a distinct GC-resistant phenotype as reflected by high MDR1 and low GR expression. This expression ratio was further elevated in Th17.1 cells that accumulated in the blood of patients with MS treated with natalizumab, a drug that prevents their entry into the CNS. Proinflammatory markers C-C chemokine receptor 6, IL-23R, IFN-γ, and GM-CSF were increased in MDR1-expressing Th17.1 cells. This subset predominated the CSF of patients with early MS, which was not seen in the paired blood or in the CSF from patients with other inflammatory and noninflammatory neurologic disorders. The potential of MDR1-expressing Th17.1 cells to infiltrate brain tissue was confirmed by their presence in MS white matter lesions. Conclusion This study reveals that GC resistance coincides with preferential CNS recruitment of pathogenic Th17.1 cells, which may hamper the long-term efficacy of GCs in early MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Koetzier
- From the Departments of Immunology (S.C.K., J.v.L., A.F.W.-W., M.-J.M., K.P., J.S., M.M.v.L.); Neurology (K.M.B, T.A.S., J.S.); Pathology (T.P.P.v.d.B.); Viroscience (G.M.G.M.V.); Rheumatology (E.L.); and MS Center ErasMS at Erasmus MC (S.C.K, J.v.L., K.M.B., A.F.W.-W, M.-J.M., K.P., T.A.S., J.S., M.M.v.L.), University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (G.M.G.M.V.), University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology (J.S.), Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology (H.E.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Jamie van Langelaar
- From the Departments of Immunology (S.C.K., J.v.L., A.F.W.-W., M.-J.M., K.P., J.S., M.M.v.L.); Neurology (K.M.B, T.A.S., J.S.); Pathology (T.P.P.v.d.B.); Viroscience (G.M.G.M.V.); Rheumatology (E.L.); and MS Center ErasMS at Erasmus MC (S.C.K, J.v.L., K.M.B., A.F.W.-W, M.-J.M., K.P., T.A.S., J.S., M.M.v.L.), University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (G.M.G.M.V.), University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology (J.S.), Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology (H.E.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Katelijn M Blok
- From the Departments of Immunology (S.C.K., J.v.L., A.F.W.-W., M.-J.M., K.P., J.S., M.M.v.L.); Neurology (K.M.B, T.A.S., J.S.); Pathology (T.P.P.v.d.B.); Viroscience (G.M.G.M.V.); Rheumatology (E.L.); and MS Center ErasMS at Erasmus MC (S.C.K, J.v.L., K.M.B., A.F.W.-W, M.-J.M., K.P., T.A.S., J.S., M.M.v.L.), University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (G.M.G.M.V.), University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology (J.S.), Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology (H.E.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Thierry P P van den Bosch
- From the Departments of Immunology (S.C.K., J.v.L., A.F.W.-W., M.-J.M., K.P., J.S., M.M.v.L.); Neurology (K.M.B, T.A.S., J.S.); Pathology (T.P.P.v.d.B.); Viroscience (G.M.G.M.V.); Rheumatology (E.L.); and MS Center ErasMS at Erasmus MC (S.C.K, J.v.L., K.M.B., A.F.W.-W, M.-J.M., K.P., T.A.S., J.S., M.M.v.L.), University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (G.M.G.M.V.), University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology (J.S.), Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology (H.E.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Annet F Wierenga-Wolf
- From the Departments of Immunology (S.C.K., J.v.L., A.F.W.-W., M.-J.M., K.P., J.S., M.M.v.L.); Neurology (K.M.B, T.A.S., J.S.); Pathology (T.P.P.v.d.B.); Viroscience (G.M.G.M.V.); Rheumatology (E.L.); and MS Center ErasMS at Erasmus MC (S.C.K, J.v.L., K.M.B., A.F.W.-W, M.-J.M., K.P., T.A.S., J.S., M.M.v.L.), University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (G.M.G.M.V.), University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology (J.S.), Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology (H.E.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Marie-José Melief
- From the Departments of Immunology (S.C.K., J.v.L., A.F.W.-W., M.-J.M., K.P., J.S., M.M.v.L.); Neurology (K.M.B, T.A.S., J.S.); Pathology (T.P.P.v.d.B.); Viroscience (G.M.G.M.V.); Rheumatology (E.L.); and MS Center ErasMS at Erasmus MC (S.C.K, J.v.L., K.M.B., A.F.W.-W, M.-J.M., K.P., T.A.S., J.S., M.M.v.L.), University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (G.M.G.M.V.), University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology (J.S.), Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology (H.E.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Kim Pol
- From the Departments of Immunology (S.C.K., J.v.L., A.F.W.-W., M.-J.M., K.P., J.S., M.M.v.L.); Neurology (K.M.B, T.A.S., J.S.); Pathology (T.P.P.v.d.B.); Viroscience (G.M.G.M.V.); Rheumatology (E.L.); and MS Center ErasMS at Erasmus MC (S.C.K, J.v.L., K.M.B., A.F.W.-W, M.-J.M., K.P., T.A.S., J.S., M.M.v.L.), University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (G.M.G.M.V.), University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology (J.S.), Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology (H.E.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Theodora A Siepman
- From the Departments of Immunology (S.C.K., J.v.L., A.F.W.-W., M.-J.M., K.P., J.S., M.M.v.L.); Neurology (K.M.B, T.A.S., J.S.); Pathology (T.P.P.v.d.B.); Viroscience (G.M.G.M.V.); Rheumatology (E.L.); and MS Center ErasMS at Erasmus MC (S.C.K, J.v.L., K.M.B., A.F.W.-W, M.-J.M., K.P., T.A.S., J.S., M.M.v.L.), University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (G.M.G.M.V.), University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology (J.S.), Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology (H.E.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Georges M G M Verjans
- From the Departments of Immunology (S.C.K., J.v.L., A.F.W.-W., M.-J.M., K.P., J.S., M.M.v.L.); Neurology (K.M.B, T.A.S., J.S.); Pathology (T.P.P.v.d.B.); Viroscience (G.M.G.M.V.); Rheumatology (E.L.); and MS Center ErasMS at Erasmus MC (S.C.K, J.v.L., K.M.B., A.F.W.-W, M.-J.M., K.P., T.A.S., J.S., M.M.v.L.), University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (G.M.G.M.V.), University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology (J.S.), Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology (H.E.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Joost Smolders
- From the Departments of Immunology (S.C.K., J.v.L., A.F.W.-W., M.-J.M., K.P., J.S., M.M.v.L.); Neurology (K.M.B, T.A.S., J.S.); Pathology (T.P.P.v.d.B.); Viroscience (G.M.G.M.V.); Rheumatology (E.L.); and MS Center ErasMS at Erasmus MC (S.C.K, J.v.L., K.M.B., A.F.W.-W, M.-J.M., K.P., T.A.S., J.S., M.M.v.L.), University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (G.M.G.M.V.), University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology (J.S.), Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology (H.E.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Lubberts
- From the Departments of Immunology (S.C.K., J.v.L., A.F.W.-W., M.-J.M., K.P., J.S., M.M.v.L.); Neurology (K.M.B, T.A.S., J.S.); Pathology (T.P.P.v.d.B.); Viroscience (G.M.G.M.V.); Rheumatology (E.L.); and MS Center ErasMS at Erasmus MC (S.C.K, J.v.L., K.M.B., A.F.W.-W, M.-J.M., K.P., T.A.S., J.S., M.M.v.L.), University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (G.M.G.M.V.), University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology (J.S.), Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology (H.E.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Helga E de Vries
- From the Departments of Immunology (S.C.K., J.v.L., A.F.W.-W., M.-J.M., K.P., J.S., M.M.v.L.); Neurology (K.M.B, T.A.S., J.S.); Pathology (T.P.P.v.d.B.); Viroscience (G.M.G.M.V.); Rheumatology (E.L.); and MS Center ErasMS at Erasmus MC (S.C.K, J.v.L., K.M.B., A.F.W.-W, M.-J.M., K.P., T.A.S., J.S., M.M.v.L.), University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (G.M.G.M.V.), University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology (J.S.), Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology (H.E.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Marvin M van Luijn
- From the Departments of Immunology (S.C.K., J.v.L., A.F.W.-W., M.-J.M., K.P., J.S., M.M.v.L.); Neurology (K.M.B, T.A.S., J.S.); Pathology (T.P.P.v.d.B.); Viroscience (G.M.G.M.V.); Rheumatology (E.L.); and MS Center ErasMS at Erasmus MC (S.C.K, J.v.L., K.M.B., A.F.W.-W, M.-J.M., K.P., T.A.S., J.S., M.M.v.L.), University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (G.M.G.M.V.), University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Department of Neuroimmunology (J.S.), Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology (H.E.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands.
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