1
|
Ismail SHH, Hamdy R, Altaie AM, Fayed B, Dakalbab S, El-Awady R, Soliman SSM. Decoding host cell interaction- and fluconazole-induced metabolic alterations and drug resistance in Candida auris. Mycologia 2024; 116:673-693. [PMID: 39024116 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2024.2363730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Candida auris is an emerging drug-resistant pathogen associated with high mortality rates. This study aimed to explore the metabolic alterations and associated pathogenesis and drug resistance in fluconazole-treated Candida auris-host cell interaction. Compared with controls, secreted metabolites from fluconazole-treated C. auris and fluconazole-treated C. auris-host cell co-culture demonstrated notable anti-Candida activity. Fluconazole caused significant reductions in C. auris cell numbers and aggregated phenotype. Metabolites produced by C. auris with potential fungal colonization, invasion, and host immune evasion effects were identified. Metabolites known to enhance biofilm formation produced during C. auris-host cell interaction were inhibited by fluconazole. Fluconazole enhanced the production of metabolites with biofilm inhibition activity, including behenyl alcohol and decanoic acid. Metabolites with potential Candida growth inhibition activity such as 2-palmitoyl glycerol, 1-tetradecanol, and 1-nonadecene were activated by fluconazole. Different patterns of proinflammatory cytokine expression presented due to fluconazole concentration and host cell type (fibroblasts versus macrophages). This highlights the immune response's complexity, emphasizing the necessity for additional research to comprehend cell-type-specific responses to antifungal therapies. Both host cell interaction and fluconazole treatment increased the expression of CDR1 and ERG11 genes, both associated with drug resistance. This study provides insights into pathogenesis in C. auris due to host cell interaction and fluconazole treatment. Understanding these interactions is crucial for enhancing fluconazole sensitivity and effectively combating C. auris.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samah H H Ismail
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rania Hamdy
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Alaa M Altaie
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bahgat Fayed
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Product, National Research Centre, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salam Dakalbab
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameh S M Soliman
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alniss HY, Al-Jubeh HM, Msallam YA, Siddiqui R, Makhlouf Z, Ravi A, Hamdy R, Soliman SSM, Khan NA. Structure-based drug design of DNA minor groove binders and evaluation of their antibacterial and anticancer properties. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116440. [PMID: 38678825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial and chemotherapy resistance are escalating medical problem of paramount importance. Yet, research for novel antimicrobial and anticancer agents remains lagging behind. With their reported medical applications, DNA minor groove binders (MGBs) are worthy of exploration. In this study, the approach of structure-based drug design was implemented to generate 11 MGB compounds including a novel class of bioactive alkyne-linked MGBs. The NCI screening protocol was utilized to evaluate the antitumor activity of the target MGBs. Furthermore, a variety of bactericidal, cytopathogenicity, MIC90, and cytotoxicity assays were carried out using these MGBs against 6 medically relevant bacteria: Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes. Moreover, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulations, DNA melting, and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) analyses were utilized to explore the binding mode and interactions between the most potent MGBs and the DNA duplex d(CGACTAGTCG)2. NCI results showed that alkyne-linked MGBs (26 & 28) displayed the most significant growth inhibition among the NCI-60 panel. In addition, compounds MGB3, MGB4, MGB28, and MGB32 showed significant bactericidal effects, inhibited B. cereus and S. enterica-mediated cytopathogenicity, and exhibited low cytotoxicity. MGB28 and MGB32 demonstrated significant inhibition of S. pyogenes, whereas MGB28 notably inhibited S. marcescens and all four minor groove binders significantly inhibited B. cereus. The ability of these compounds to bind with DNA and distort its groove dimensions provides the molecular basis for the allosteric perturbation of proteins-DNA interactions by MGBs. This study shed light on the mechanism of action of MGBs and revealed the important structural features for their antitumor and antibacterial activities, which are important to guide future development of MGB derivatives as novel antibacterial and anticancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Y Alniss
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hadeel M Al-Jubeh
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yousef A Msallam
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34010, Turkey
| | - Zinb Makhlouf
- College of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anil Ravi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rania Hamdy
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameh S M Soliman
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naveed A Khan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34010, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shaban NZ, El-Faham AA, Abu-Serie MM, Habashy NH. The black Vitis vinifera seed oil saponifiable fraction ameliorates hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo via modulating apoptosis and ROS/NF-κB signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116215. [PMID: 38278024 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To date, no total curative therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is available. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer effect of black Vitis vinifera (VV) seed oil saponifiable (Sap) fraction (BSap) using five different cancer cell lines. The apoptotic and anti-inflammatory impacts of BSap on the cell line with the highest cytotoxic effect were studied. Furthermore, its therapeutic effect on p-dimethylaminoazobenzene (p-DAB)-induced HCC in mice was investigated. The phenolic and vitamin content, as well as the antiradical activities of BSap, were assessed. BSap demonstrated a greater cytotoxic effect on HepG-2 cells (lowest IC50 and highest SI values) than did the other tested cell lines. BSap showed superior anticancer efficacy to 5-FU on all examined cancer cells, particularly HepG-2 cells, by inducing apoptosis and downregulating NF-κB. In HCC-bearing mice, BSap reduced hepatic lipid peroxidation and boosted GSH levels due to its potent antiradical activities and high reducing power. In addition, it had an apoptotic effect by upregulating p53 and BAX and downregulating Bcl-2 fold expression. Moreover, BSap lowered the fold expression of various crucial HCC-related genes: CD133, ALAD1α1, COX-2, ABCG1, AKT1, Gli, Notch1, and HIF1α. Liver function markers and histopathology showed significant improvements in HCC-bearing mice after BSap administration compared to 5-FU. In silico analysis revealed that the most abundant phenolic and fatty acid ingredients of BSap exhibited competitive inhibitory effects on valuable HCC-associated enzymes (NADPH oxidase, histone deacetylase 1, and sepiapterin reductase). Thus, BSap fraction may be a promising treatment of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Z Shaban
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A El-Faham
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering, and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Noha H Habashy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shakartalla SB, Ashmawy NS, Semreen MH, Fayed B, Al Shareef ZM, Jayakumar MN, Ibrahim S, Rahmani M, Hamdy R, Soliman SSM. 1H-NMR metabolomics analysis identifies hypoxanthine as a novel metastasis-associated metabolite in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:253. [PMID: 38167685 PMCID: PMC10762038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50866-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in females, mainly because of metastasis. Oncometabolites, produced via metabolic reprogramming, can influence metastatic signaling cascades. Accordingly, and based on our previous results, we propose that metabolites from highly metastatic breast cancer cells behave differently from less-metastatic cells and may play a significant role in metastasis. For instance, we aim to identify these metabolites and their role in breast cancer metastasis. Less metastatic cells (MCF-7) were treated with metabolites secreted from highly metastatic cells (MDA-MB-231) and the gene expression of three epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers including E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin were examined. Some metabolites secreted from MDA-MB-231 cells significantly induced EMT activity. Specifically, hypoxanthine demonstrated a significant EMT effect and increased the migration and invasion effects of MCF-7 cells through a hypoxia-associated mechanism. Hypoxanthine exhibited pro-angiogenic effects via increasing the VEGF and PDGF gene expression and affected lipid metabolism by increasing the gene expression of PCSK-9. Notably, knockdown of purine nucleoside phosphorylase, a gene encoding for an important enzyme in the biosynthesis of hypoxanthine, and inhibition of hypoxanthine uptake caused a significant decrease in hypoxanthine-associated EMT effects. Collectively for the first time, hypoxanthine was identified as a novel metastasis-associated metabolite in breast cancer cells and represents a promising target for diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarra B Shakartalla
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, P.O. Box. 21111, Wadmedani, Sudan
| | - Naglaa S Ashmawy
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, P.O. Box 4184, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, P.O. Box 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammad H Semreen
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bahgat Fayed
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Product Department, National Research Centre, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zainab M Al Shareef
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Manju N Jayakumar
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saleh Ibrahim
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Rahmani
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rania Hamdy
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sameh S M Soliman
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hamoda AM, Hamdy R, Fayed B, Abouleish M, Sulaiman A, Hamad M, Soliman SSM. Evolutionary relevance of metabolite production in relation to marine sponge bacteria symbiont. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12649-3. [PMID: 37358811 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12649-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Sponges are habitats for a diverse community of microorganisms. Sponges provide shelter, whereas microbes provide a complementary defensive mechanism. Here, a symbiotic bacterium, identified as Bacillus spp., was isolated from a marine sponge following culture enrichment. Fermentation-assisted metabolomics using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) indicated that marine simulated nutrition and temperature was the optimum in metabolite production represented by the highest number of metabolites and the diverse chemical classes when compared to other culture media. Following large-scale culture in potato dextrose broth (PDB) and dereplication, compound M1 was isolated and identified as octadecyl-1-(2',6'-di-tert-butyl-1'-hydroxyphenyl) propionate. M1, at screening concentrations up to 10 mg/ml, showed no activity against prokaryotic bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, while 1 mg/ml of M1 was sufficient to cause a significant killing effect on eukaryotic cells including Candida albicans, Candida auris, and Rhizopus delemar fungi and different mammalian cells. M1 exhibited MIC50 0.97 ± 0.006 and 7.667 ± 0.079 mg/ml against C. albicans and C. auris, respectively. Like fatty acid esters, we hypothesize that M1 is stored in a less harmful form and upon pathogenic attack is hydrolyzed to a more active form as a defensive metabolite. Subsequently, [3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid] (DTBPA), the hydrolysis product of M1, exhibited ~ 8-fold and 18-fold more antifungal activity than M1 against C. albicans and C. auris, respectively. These findings indicated the selectivity of that compound as a defensive metabolite towards the eukaryotic cells particularly the fungi, a major infectious agent to sponges. Metabolomic-assisted fermentation can provide a significant understanding of a triple marine-evolved interaction. KEY POINTS: • Bacillus species, closely related to uncultured Bacillus, is isolated from Gulf marine sponge • Metabolomic-assisted fermentations showed diverse metabolites • An ester with a killing effect against eukaryotes but not prokaryotes is isolated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alshaimaa M Hamoda
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut-71526, Egypt
| | - Rania Hamdy
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Bahgat Fayed
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Product Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abouleish
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Ashna Sulaiman
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Mohamad Hamad
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Sameh S M Soliman
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cobb J, Soliman SSM, Retuerto M, Quijano JC, Orr C, Ghannoum M, Kandeel F, Husseiny MI. Changes in the gut microbiota of NOD mice in response to an oral Salmonella-based vaccine against type 1 diabetes. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285905. [PMID: 37224176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed an oral Salmonella-based vaccine that prevents and reverses diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Related to this, the gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex dynamic population of microorganisms, the gut microbiome, that influences host homeostasis and metabolism. Changes in the gut microbiome are associated with insulin dysfunction and type 1 diabetes (T1D). Oral administration of diabetic autoantigens as a vaccine can restore immune balance. However, it was not known if a Salmonella-based vaccine would impact the gut microbiome. We administered a Salmonella-based vaccine to prediabetic NOD mice. Changes in the gut microbiota and associated metabolome were assessed using next-generation sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The Salmonella-based vaccine did not cause significant changes in the gut microbiota composition immediately after vaccination although at 30 days post-vaccination changes were seen. Additionally, no changes were noted in the fecal mycobiome between vaccine- and control/vehicle-treated mice. Significant changes in metabolic pathways related to inflammation and proliferation were found after vaccine administration. The results from this study suggest that an oral Salmonella-based vaccine alters the gut microbiome and metabolome towards a more tolerant composition. These results support the use of orally administered Salmonella-based vaccines that induced tolerance after administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Cobb
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Sameh S M Soliman
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mauricio Retuerto
- Center for Medical Mycology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Janine C Quijano
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Chris Orr
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Mahmoud Ghannoum
- Center for Medical Mycology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Fouad Kandeel
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Mohamed I Husseiny
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States of America
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cagliani R, Fayed B, Jagal J, Shakartalla SB, Soliman SSM, Haider M. Peptide-functionalized zinc oxide nanoparticles for the selective targeting of breast cancer expressing placenta-specific protein 1. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 227:113357. [PMID: 37210795 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have demonstrated specific binding affinity to antigens or receptors presented on the cancer cell surface, favouring selective targeting and minimizing side effects during the chemotherapy. Placenta-specific protein 1 (PLAC-1) is a small cell surface protein overexpressed in certain types of breast cancer (BC); therefore, it can be used as a therapeutic target. The objective of this study is to develop NPs that can bind PLAC-1 and hence can inhibit the progression and metastatic potential of BC cells. Zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs were coated with a peptide (GILGFVFTL), which possesses a strong binding ability to PLAC-1. The physical attachment of the peptide to ZnO NPs was verified through various physicochemical and morphological characterization techniques. The selective cytotoxicity of the designed NPs was investigated using PLAC-1-bearing MDA-MB 231 human BC cell line and compared to LS-180 cells that do not express PLAC-1. The anti-metastatic and pro-apoptotic effects of the functionalized NPs on MDA-MB 231 cells were examined. Confocal microscopy was used to investigate the mechanism of NPs uptake by MDA-MB 231 cells. Compared to non-functionalized NPs, peptide functionalization significantly improved the targeting and uptake of the designed NPs by PLAC-1-expressing cancer cells with significant pro-apoptotic and anti-metastatic effects. The uptake of peptide functionalized ZnO NPs (ZnO-P NPs) occurred via peptide-PLAC1 interaction-assisted clathrin-mediated endocytosis. These findings highlight the potential targeted therapy of ZnO-P NPs against PLAC-1-expressing breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cagliani
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bahgat Fayed
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Product Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Jayalakshmi Jagal
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sarra B Shakartalla
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, P.O. Box. 21111, Wadmedani, Sudan
| | - Sameh S M Soliman
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Haider
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mohammad MG, Ashmawy NS, Al-Rawi AM, Abu-Qiyas A, Hamoda AM, Hamdy R, Dakalbab S, Arikat S, Salahat D, Madkour M, Soliman SSM. SARS-CoV-2-free residual proteins mediated phenotypic and metabolic changes in peripheral blood monocytic-derived macrophages in support of viral pathogenesis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280592. [PMID: 36656874 PMCID: PMC9851515 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The large-scale dissemination of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and its serious complications have pledged the scientific research communities to uncover the pathogenesis mechanisms of its etiologic agent, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods of unveiling such mechanisms are rooted in understanding the viral agent's interactions with the immune system, including its ability to activate macrophages, due to their suggested role in prolonged inflammatory phases and adverse immune responses. The objective of this study is to test the effect of SARS-CoV-2-free proteins on the metabolic and immune responses of macrophages. We hypothesized that SARS-CoV-2 proteins shed during the infection cycle may dynamically induce metabolic and immunologic alterations with an inflammatory impact on the infected host cells. It is imperative to delineate such alterations in the context of macrophages to gain insight into the pathogenesis of these highly infectious viruses and their associated complications and thus, expedite the vaccine and drug therapy advent in combat of viral infections. Human monocyte-derived macrophages were treated with SARS-CoV-2-free proteins at different concentrations. The phenotypic and metabolic alterations in macrophages were investigated and the subsequent metabolic pathways were analyzed. The obtained results indicated that SARS-CoV-2-free proteins induced concentration-dependent alterations in the metabolic and phenotypic profiles of macrophages. Several metabolic pathways were enriched following treatment, including vitamin K, propanoate, and the Warburg effect. These results indicate significant adverse effects driven by residual viral proteins that may hence be considered determinants of viral pathogenesis. These findings provide important insight as to the impact of SARS-CoV-2-free residual proteins on the host cells and suggest a potential new method of management during the infection and prior to vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad G. Mohammad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Naglaa S. Ashmawy
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Al-Rawi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Ameera Abu-Qiyas
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Alshaimaa M. Hamoda
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Rania Hamdy
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Salam Dakalbab
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Shahad Arikat
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Dana Salahat
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Mohamed Madkour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Sameh S. M. Soliman
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shaban NZ, El-Faham AA, Abu-Serie MM, Habashy NH. Targeting apoptosis in MCF-7 and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells by saponifiable fractions from green and black Vitis vinifera seed oil. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114017. [PMID: 36395612 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Grape seed (GS) oil is one of the potential functional foods. For the first time, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of GS oil saponifiable (Sap)-fraction from black (BSap) and green (GSap) grapes on MCF-7 cells and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in mice. The fatty acid composition of BSap and GSap was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Approximately twelve distinct fatty acids were detected in BSap and eleven in GSap. BSap showed a greater cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells than GSap did by inducing apoptosis and reducing inflammation, while both grape fractions had superior potency to 5-FU. Furthermore, BSap massively boosted apoptosis and lowered redox potential (Eh) and CD44+ cells in EAC cells of EAC-bearing mice more than GSap, and both fractions were more efficient than 5-FU. Blood tests and liver histopathology revealed significant improvement in EAC-induced pathological alterations with these fractions. The in silico analysis implied the competitive inhibitory impacts of the most abundant fatty acid composites in BSap and GSap on cancer-metastasis-associated proteases (cathepsin B and MMP9). Also, this analysis predicted that the apoptotic action of these Sap fractions is independent of the 5'AMP-activated protein kinase. Therefore, grape Sap-fraction, especially BSap, may be a useful agent for cancer prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Z Shaban
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A El-Faham
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering, and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt.
| | - Noha H Habashy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hamdy R, Mostafa A, Abo Shama NM, Soliman SSM, Fayed B. Comparative evaluation of flavonoids reveals the superiority and promising inhibition activity of silibinin against SARS-CoV-2. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2921-2939. [PMID: 35596627 PMCID: PMC9347486 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are phenolic compounds naturally found in plants and commonly consumed in diets. Herein, flavonoids were sequentially evaluated by a comparative in silico study associated with systematic literature search. This was followed by an in vitro study and enzyme inhibition assays against vital SARS-CoV-2 proteins including spike (S) protein, main protease (Mpro ), RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp), and human transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2). The results obtained revealed 10 flavonoids with potential antiviral activity. Out of them, silibinin showed promising selectivity index against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Screening against S protein discloses the highest inhibition activity of silibinin. Mapping the activity of silibinin indicated its excellent binding inhibition activity against SARS-CoV-2 S protein, Mpro and RdRP at IC50 0.029, 0.021, and 0.042 μM, respectively, while it showed no inhibition activity against TMPRSS2 at its IC50(SARS-CoV-2) . Silibinin was tested safe on human mammalian cells at >7-fold its IC50(SARS-CoV-2) . Additionally, silibinin exhibited >90% virucidal activity at 0.031 μM. Comparative molecular docking (MD) showed that silibinin possesses the highest binding affinity to S protein and RdRP at -7.78 and -7.15 kcal/mol, respectively. MDs showed that silibinin exhibited stable interaction with key amino acids of SARS-CoV-2 targets. Collectively, silibinin, an FDA-approved drug, can significantly interfere with SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication through multi-targeting activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Hamdy
- Research Institute for Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
- Faculty of PharmacyZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza VirusesNational Research CentreGizaEgypt
| | - Noura M. Abo Shama
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza VirusesNational Research CentreGizaEgypt
| | - Sameh S. M. Soliman
- Research Institute for Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
- College of PharmacyUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Bahgat Fayed
- Research Institute for Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Product DepartmentNational Research CentreCairoEgypt
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kitching M, Inguva S, Ramani M, Gao Y, Marsili E, Cahill P. Biosynthesis of Gold Nanoparticles by Vascular Cells in vitro. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:813511. [PMID: 35479633 PMCID: PMC9036376 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.813511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for antimicrobial and chemotherapeutic applications is a well-established process in microbial hosts such as bacterial, fungi, and plants. However, reports on AuNPs biosynthesis in mammalian cells are scarce. In this study, bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) and bovine aortic smooth muscle cells (BASMCs) were examined for their ability to synthesize AuNPs in vitro. Cell culture conditions such as buffer selection, serum concentration, and HAuCl4 concentration were optimized before the biosynthesized AuNPs were characterized through visible spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. BAECs and BASMC produced small, spherical AuNPs that are semi-crystalline with a similar diameter (23 ± 2 nm and 23 ± 4 nm). Hydrogen peroxide pretreatment increased AuNPs synthesis, suggesting that antioxidant enzymes may reduce Au3+ ions as seen in microbial cells. However, buthionine sulfoximine inhibition of glutathione synthesis, a key regulator of oxidative stress, failed to affect AuNPs generation. Taken together, these results show that under the right synthesis conditions, non-tumor cell lines can produce detectable concentrations of AuNPs in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kitching
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Meghana Ramani
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State, Department of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Yina Gao
- Materials and Surface Science Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Enrico Marsili
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Paul Cahill
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ali MA, Soliman SS, Bajou K, El-Keblawy A, Mosa KA. Identification of phytochemicals capping the exogenously biosynthesized silver nanoparticles by T. apollinea (Delile) DC. living plants and evaluation of their cytotoxic activity. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
13
|
Altaie AM, Hamdy R, Venkatachalam T, Hamoudi R, Soliman SSM. Estimating the viral loads of SARS-CoV-2 in the oral cavity when complicated with periapical lesions. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:567. [PMID: 34749700 PMCID: PMC8573761 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01921-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The oral cavity represents a main entrance of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) are essential for the entry of SARS-CoV-2 to the host cells. Both ACE-2 and NRP-1 receptors and TMPRSS2 have been identified in the oral cavity. However, there is limited knowledge about the impact of periapical lesions and their metabolites on the expression of these critical genes. This study aims to measure the impact of periapical lesions and their unique fatty acids (FAs) metabolites on the expression of the aforementioned genes, in addition to interleukin 6 (IL-6) gene and hence SARS-CoV-2 infection loads can be estimated. Methods Gene expression of ACE-2, NRP-1, TMPRSS2, and IL-6 was performed in periapical lesions in comparison to healthy oral cavity. Since FAs are important immunomodulators required for the lipid synthesis essential for receptors synthesis and viral replication, comparative FAs profiling was determined in oral lesions and healthy pulp tissues using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The effect of major identified and unique FAs was tested on mammalian cells known to express ACE-2, NRP-1, and TMPRSS2 genes. Results Gene expression analysis indicated that ACE-2, NRP-1, and TMPRSS2 were significantly upregulated in healthy clinical samples compared to oral lesions, while the reverse was true with IL-6 gene expression. Saturated and monounsaturated FAs were the major identified shared and unique FAs, respectively. Major shared FAs included palmitic, stearic and myristic acids with the highest percentage in the healthy oral cavity, while unique FAs included 17-octadecynoic acid in periapical abscess, petroselinic acid and l-lactic acid in periapical granuloma, and 1-nonadecene in the radicular cyst. Computational prediction showed that the binding affinity of identified FAs to ACE-2, TMPRSS2 and S protein were insignificant. Further, FA-treated mammalian cells showed significant overexpression of ACE-2, NRP-1 and TMPRSS2 genes except with l-lactic acid and oleic acid caused downregulation of NRP-1 gene, while 17-octadecynoic acid caused insignificant effect. Conclusion Collectively, a healthy oral cavity is more susceptible to viral infection when compared to that complicated with periapical lesions. FAs play important role in viral infection and their balance can affect the viral loads. Shifting the balance towards higher levels of palmitic, stearic and 1-nonadecene caused significant upregulation of the aforementioned genes and hence higher viral loads. On the other hand, there is a reverse correlation between inflammation and expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptors. Therefore, a mouth preparation that can reduce the levels of palmitic, stearic and 1-nonadecene, while maintaining an immunomodulatory effect can be employed as a future protection strategy against viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Muayad Altaie
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Rania Hamdy
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Thenmozhi Venkatachalam
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.,Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Sameh S M Soliman
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE. .,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Altaie AM, Venkatachalam T, Samaranayake LP, Soliman SSM, Hamoudi R. Comparative Metabolomics Reveals the Microenvironment of Common T-Helper Cells and Differential Immune Cells Linked to Unique Periapical Lesions. Front Immunol 2021; 12:707267. [PMID: 34539639 PMCID: PMC8446658 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.707267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Periapical abscesses, radicular cysts, and periapical granulomas are the most frequently identified pathological lesions in the alveolar bone. While little is known about the initiation and progression of these conditions, the metabolic environment and the related immunological behaviors were examined for the first time to model the development of each pathological condition. Metabolites were extracted from each lesion and profiled using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in comparison with healthy pulp tissue. The metabolites were clustered and linked to their related immune cell fractions. Clusters I and J in the periapical abscess upregulated the expression of MMP-9, IL-8, CYP4F3, and VEGF, while clusters L and M were related to lipophagy and apoptosis in radicular cyst, and cluster P in periapical granuloma, which contains L-(+)-lactic acid and ethylene glycol, was related to granuloma formation. Oleic acid, 17-octadecynoic acid, 1-nonadecene, and L-(+)-lactic acid were significantly the highest unique metabolites in healthy pulp tissue, periapical abscess, radicular cyst, and periapical granuloma, respectively. The correlated enriched metabolic pathways were identified, and the related active genes were predicted. Glutamatergic synapse (16–20),-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, lipophagy, and retinoid X receptor coupled with vitamin D receptor were the most significantly enriched pathways in healthy control, abscess, cyst, and granuloma, respectively. Compared with the healthy control, significant upregulation in the gene expression of CYP4F3, VEGF, IL-8, TLR2 (P < 0.0001), and MMP-9 (P < 0.001) was found in the abscesses. While IL-12A was significantly upregulated in cysts (P < 0.01), IL-17A represents the highest significantly upregulated gene in granulomas (P < 0.0001). From the predicted active genes, CIBERSORT suggested the presence of natural killer cells, dendritic cells, pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages, and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages in different proportions. In addition, the single nucleotide polymorphisms related to IL-10, IL-12A, and IL-17D genes were shown to be associated with periapical lesions and other oral lesions. Collectively, the unique metabolism and related immune response shape up an environment that initiates and maintains the existence and progression of these oral lesions, suggesting an important role in diagnosis and effective targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Muayad Altaie
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thenmozhi Venkatachalam
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lakshman P Samaranayake
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Oral Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Sameh S M Soliman
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hamdy R, Fayed B, Mostafa A, Shama NMA, Mahmoud SH, Mehta CH, Nayak Y, M. Soliman SS. Iterated Virtual Screening-Assisted Antiviral and Enzyme Inhibition Assays Reveal the Discovery of Novel Promising Anti-SARS-CoV-2 with Dual Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9057. [PMID: 34445763 PMCID: PMC8396542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Unfortunately, COVID-19 is still a threat to humankind and has a dramatic impact on human health, social life, the world economy, and food security. With the limited number of suggested therapies under clinical trials, the discovery of novel therapeutic agents is essential. Here, a previously identified anti-SARS-CoV-2 compound named Compound 13 (1,2,5-Oxadiazole-3-carboximidic acid, 4,4'-(methylenediimino) bis,bis[[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]hydrazide) was subjected to an iterated virtual screening against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro using a combination of Ligand Designer and PathFinder. PathFinder, a computational reaction enumeration tool, was used for the rapid generation of enumerated structures via default reaction library. Ligand designer was employed for the computerized lead optimization and selection of the best structural modification that resulted in a favorable ligand-protein complex. The obtained compounds that showed the best binding to Mpro were re-screened against TMPRSS2, leading to the identification of 20 shared compounds. The compounds were further visually inspected, which resulted in the identification of five shared compounds M1-5 with dual binding affinity. In vitro evaluation and enzyme inhibition assay indicated that M3, an analogue of Compound 13 afforded by replacing the phenolic moiety with pyridinyl, possesses an improved antiviral activity and safety. M3 displayed in vitro antiviral activity with IC50 0.016 µM and Mpro inhibition activity with IC50 0.013 µM, 7-fold more potent than the parent Compound 13 and potent than the antivirals drugs that are currently under clinical trials. Moreover, M3 showed potent activity against human TMPRSS2 and furin enzymes with IC50 0.05, and 0.08 µM, respectively. Molecular docking, WaterMap analysis, molecular dynamics simulation, and R-group analysis confirmed the superiority of the binding fit to M3 with the target enzymes. WaterMap analysis calculated the thermodynamic properties of the hydration site in the binding pocket that significantly affects the biological activity. Loading M3 on zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) increased the antiviral activity of the compound 1.5-fold, while maintaining a higher safety profile. In conclusion, lead optimized discovery following an iterated virtual screening in association with molecular docking and biological evaluation revealed a novel compound named M3 with promising dual activity against SARS-CoV-2. The compound deserves further investigation for potential clinical-based studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Hamdy
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.H.); (B.F.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Bahgat Fayed
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.H.); (B.F.)
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Product Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Centre of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt; (A.M.); (N.M.A.S.); (S.H.M.)
| | - Noura M. Abo Shama
- Centre of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt; (A.M.); (N.M.A.S.); (S.H.M.)
| | - Sara Hussein Mahmoud
- Centre of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt; (A.M.); (N.M.A.S.); (S.H.M.)
| | - Chetan Hasmukh Mehta
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India; (C.H.M.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yogendra Nayak
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India; (C.H.M.); (Y.N.)
| | - Sameh S. M. Soliman
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.H.); (B.F.)
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|