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Shu Z, Chen K, Wang Q, Wu H, Zhu Y, Tian R, Yan W, Huang Q, Zhang C, Xiong W, Qu J, Zhou X, Huang F. The Role of Retinal Dopamine D1 Receptors in Ocular Growth and Myopia Development in Mice. J Neurosci 2023; 43:8231-8242. [PMID: 37751999 PMCID: PMC10697406 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1196-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter in the signaling cascade controlling ocular refractive development, but the exact role and site of action of dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) involved in myopia remains unclear. Here, we determine whether retinal D1Rs exclusively mediate the effects of endogenous dopamine and systemically delivered D1R agonist or antagonist in the mouse form deprivation myopia (FDM) model. Male C57BL/6 mice subjected to unilateral FDM or unobstructed vision were divided into the following four groups: one noninjected and three groups that received intraperitoneal injections of a vehicle, D1R agonist SKF38393 (18 and 59 nmol/g), or D1R antagonist SCH39166 (0.1 and 1 nmol/g). The effects of these drugs on FDM were further assessed in Drd1-knock-out (Drd1-KO), retina-specific conditional Drd1-KO (Drd1-CKO) mice, and corresponding wild-type littermates. In the visually unobstructed group, neither SKF38393 nor SCH39166 affected normal refractive development, whereas myopia development was attenuated by SKF38393 and enhanced by SCH39166 injections. In Drd1-KO or Drd1-CKO mice, however, these drugs had no effect on FDM development, suggesting that activation of retinal D1Rs is pertinent to myopia suppression by the D1R agonist. Interestingly, the development of myopia was unchanged by either Drd1-KO or Drd1-CKO, and neither SKF38393 nor SCH39166 injections, nor Drd1-KO, affected the retinal or vitreal dopamine and the dopamine metabolite DOPAC levels. Effects on axial length were less marked than effects on refraction. Therefore, activation of D1Rs, specifically retinal D1Rs, inhibits myopia development in mice. These results also suggest that multiple dopamine D1R mechanisms play roles in emmetropization and myopia development.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT While dopamine is recognized as a "stop" signal that inhibits myopia development (myopization), the location of the dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) that mediate this action remains to be addressed. Answers to this key question are critical for understanding how dopaminergic systems regulate ocular growth and refraction. We report here the results of our study showing that D1Rs are essential for controlling ocular growth and myopia development in mice, and for identifying the retina as the site of action for dopaminergic control via D1Rs. These findings highlight the importance of intrinsic retinal dopaminergic mechanisms for the regulation of ocular growth and suggest specific avenues for exploring the retinal mechanisms involved in the dopaminergic control of emmetropization and myopization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziheng Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Kaijie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Qiongsi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Honglin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Yangfeifei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Ruikang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Wenjun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Qin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Chunlan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Weiwei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Jia Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Xiangtian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Furong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000
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Tang Q, Godschall E, Brennan CD, Zhang Q, Abraham-Fan RJ, Williams SP, Güngül TB, Onoharigho R, Buyukaksakal A, Salinas R, Sajonia IR, Olivieri JJ, Calhan OY, Deppmann CD, Campbell JN, Podyma B, Güler AD. Leptin receptor neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus input to the circadian feeding network. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh9570. [PMID: 37624889 PMCID: PMC10456850 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh9570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Salient cues, such as the rising sun or availability of food, entrain biological clocks for behavioral adaptation. The mechanisms underlying entrainment to food availability remain elusive. Using single-nucleus RNA sequencing during scheduled feeding, we identified a dorsomedial hypothalamus leptin receptor-expressing (DMHLepR) neuron population that up-regulates circadian entrainment genes and exhibits calcium activity before an anticipated meal. Exogenous leptin, silencing, or chemogenetic stimulation of DMHLepR neurons disrupts the development of molecular and behavioral food entrainment. Repetitive DMHLepR neuron activation leads to the partitioning of a secondary bout of circadian locomotor activity that is in phase with the stimulation and dependent on an intact suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Last, we found a DMHLepR neuron subpopulation that projects to the SCN with the capacity to influence the phase of the circadian clock. This direct DMHLepR-SCN connection is well situated to integrate the metabolic and circadian systems, facilitating mealtime anticipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Tang
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Elizabeth Godschall
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Charles D. Brennan
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | | | - Sydney P. Williams
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Taha Buğra Güngül
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Roberta Onoharigho
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Aleyna Buyukaksakal
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Ricardo Salinas
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Isabelle R. Sajonia
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Joey J. Olivieri
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - O. Yipkin Calhan
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Christopher D. Deppmann
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - John N. Campbell
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Brandon Podyma
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Ali D. Güler
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
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3
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Andreska T, Lüningschrör P, Wolf D, McFleder RL, Ayon-Olivas M, Rattka M, Drechsler C, Perschin V, Blum R, Aufmkolk S, Granado N, Moratalla R, Sauer M, Monoranu C, Volkmann J, Ip CW, Stigloher C, Sendtner M. DRD1 signaling modulates TrkB turnover and BDNF sensitivity in direct pathway striatal medium spiny neurons. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112575. [PMID: 37252844 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbed motor control is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Cortico-striatal synapses play a central role in motor learning and adaption, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) from cortico-striatal afferents modulates their plasticity via TrkB in striatal medium spiny projection neurons (SPNs). We studied the role of dopamine in modulating the sensitivity of direct pathway SPNs (dSPNs) to BDNF in cultures of fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-enriched D1-expressing SPNs and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-treated rats. DRD1 activation causes enhanced TrkB translocation to the cell surface and increased sensitivity for BDNF. In contrast, dopamine depletion in cultured dSPN neurons, 6-OHDA-treated rats, and postmortem brain of patients with PD reduces BDNF responsiveness and causes formation of intracellular TrkB clusters. These clusters associate with sortilin related VPS10 domain containing receptor 2 (SORCS-2) in multivesicular-like structures, which apparently protects them from lysosomal degradation. Thus, impaired TrkB processing might contribute to disturbed motor function in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Andreska
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lüningschrör
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Wolf
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Rhonda L McFleder
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Maurilyn Ayon-Olivas
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Marta Rattka
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christine Drechsler
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Perschin
- Imaging Core Facility of the Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Blum
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Aufmkolk
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Noelia Granado
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Moratalla
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Markus Sauer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Camelia Monoranu
- Department for Neuropathology, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jens Volkmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Chi Wang Ip
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Stigloher
- Imaging Core Facility of the Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Sendtner
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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4
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Tang Q, Godschall E, Brennan CD, Zhang Q, Abraham-Fan RJ, Williams SP, Güngül TB, Onoharigho R, Buyukaksakal A, Salinas R, Olivieri JJ, Deppmann CD, Campbell JN, Podyma B, Güler AD. A leptin-responsive hypothalamic circuit inputs to the circadian feeding network. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.24.529901. [PMID: 36865258 PMCID: PMC9980144 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.24.529901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Salient cues, such as the rising sun or the availability of food, play a crucial role in entraining biological clocks, allowing for effective behavioral adaptation and ultimately, survival. While the light-dependent entrainment of the central circadian pacemaker (suprachiasmatic nucleus, SCN) is relatively well defined, the molecular and neural mechanisms underlying entrainment associated with food availability remains elusive. Using single nucleus RNA sequencing during scheduled feeding (SF), we identified a leptin receptor (LepR) expressing neuron population in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) that upregulates circadian entrainment genes and exhibits rhythmic calcium activity prior to an anticipated meal. We found that disrupting DMHLepR neuron activity had a profound impact on both molecular and behavioral food entrainment. Specifically, silencing DMHLepR neurons, mis-timed exogenous leptin administration, or mis-timed chemogenetic stimulation of these neurons all interfered with the development of food entrainment. In a state of energy abundance, repetitive activation of DMHLepR neurons led to the partitioning of a secondary bout of circadian locomotor activity that was in phase with the stimulation and dependent on an intact SCN. Lastly, we discovered that a subpopulation of DMHLepR neurons project to the SCN with the capacity to influence the phase of the circadian clock. This leptin regulated circuit serves as a point of integration between the metabolic and circadian systems, facilitating the anticipation of meal times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Tang
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Elizabeth Godschall
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Charles D. Brennan
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | | | - Sydney P. Williams
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Taha Buğra Güngül
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Roberta Onoharigho
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Aleyna Buyukaksakal
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Ricardo Salinas
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Joey J. Olivieri
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Christopher D. Deppmann
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
- Department Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - John N. Campbell
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Brandon Podyma
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Ali D. Güler
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
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Trzeciak JR, Steele AD. Studying food entrainment: Models, methods, and musings. Front Nutr 2022; 9:998331. [PMID: 36211505 PMCID: PMC9532691 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.998331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to tell time relative to predictable feeding opportunities has a long history of research, going back more than 100 years with behavioral observations of honeybees and rats. Animals that have access to food at a particular time of day exhibit “food anticipatory activity” (FAA), which is a preprandial increase in activity and arousal thought to be driven by food entrained circadian oscillator(s). However, the mechanisms behind adaptation of behavior to timed feeding continue to elude our grasp. Methods used to study circadian entrainment by food vary depending on the model system and the laboratory conducting the experiments. Most studies have relied on rodent model systems due to neuroanatomical tools and genetic tractability, but even among studies of laboratory mice, methods vary considerably. A lack of consistency within the field in experimental design, reporting, and definition of food entrainment, or even FAA, makes it difficult to compare results across studies or even within the same mutant mouse strain, hindering interpretation of replication studies. Here we examine the conditions used to study food as a time cue and make recommendations for study design and reporting.
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Tang Q, Assali DR, Güler AD, Steele AD. Dopamine systems and biological rhythms: Let's get a move on. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:957193. [PMID: 35965599 PMCID: PMC9364481 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.957193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
How dopamine signaling regulates biological rhythms is an area of emerging interest. Here we review experiments focused on delineating dopamine signaling in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, nucleus accumbens, and dorsal striatum to mediate a range of biological rhythms including photoentrainment, activity cycles, rest phase eating of palatable food, diet-induced obesity, and food anticipatory activity. Enthusiasm for causal roles for dopamine in the regulation of circadian rhythms, particularly those associated with food and other rewarding events, is warranted. However, determining that there is rhythmic gene expression in dopamine neurons and target structures does not mean that they are bona fide circadian pacemakers. Given that dopamine has such a profound role in promoting voluntary movements, interpretation of circadian phenotypes associated with locomotor activity must be differentiated at the molecular and behavioral levels. Here we review our current understanding of dopamine signaling in relation to biological rhythms and suggest future experiments that are aimed at teasing apart the roles of dopamine subpopulations and dopamine receptor expressing neurons in causally mediating biological rhythms, particularly in relation to feeding, reward, and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Tang
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Dina R. Assali
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Ali D. Güler
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Andrew D. Steele
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, CA, United States
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A building block-based beam-break (B 5) locomotor activity monitoring system and its use in circadian biology research. Biotechniques 2022; 73:104-109. [PMID: 35848801 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2022-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Locomotor activity is one of the most commonly assayed animal behaviors. It is the gold standard for assessing behavioral circadian rhythmicity. Here, we develop a flexible and affordable locomotor activity monitoring system that does not interfere with the behavior of animals. We validate the reliability of the system in multiple circadian biology research scenarios. This device is customizable and can be used for many animal species.
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8
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Scarpa LL, Wanken B, Smidt M, Mistlberger RE, Steele AD. Mice hypomorphic for Pitx3 show robust entrainment of circadian behavioral and metabolic rhythms to scheduled feeding. Cell Rep 2022; 38:109865. [PMID: 35021098 PMCID: PMC8788647 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pitx3ak mice lack a functioning retina and develop fewer than 10% of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra. Del Río-Martín et al. (2019) reported that entrainment of circadian rhythms to daily light-dark (LD) cycles is absent in these mice, and that rhythms of locomotor activity, energy expenditure, and other metabolic variables are disrupted with food available ad libitum and fail to entrain to a daily feeding. The authors propose that retinal innervation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus is required for development of cyclic metabolic homeostasis, but methodological issues limit interpretation of the results. Using standardized feeding schedules and procedures for distinguishing free-running from entrained circadian rhythms, we confirm that behavioral and metabolic rhythms in Pitx3ak mice do not entrain to LD cycles, but we find no impairment in circadian organization of metabolism with food available ad libitum and no impairment in entrainment of metabolic or behavioral rhythms by daily feeding schedules. This Matters Arising paper is in response to Del Río-Martín et al. (2019), published in Cell Reports. See also the response by Fernandez-Perez et al. (2022), published in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori L Scarpa
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, CA 91768, USA
| | - Brad Wanken
- Rodent Metabolic Core, Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Marten Smidt
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 94246, the Netherlands
| | - Ralph E Mistlberger
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Andrew D Steele
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, CA 91768, USA.
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9
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Lin L, Lan Y, Zhu H, Yu L, Wu S, Wan W, Shu Y, Xiang H, Hou T, Zhang H, Ma Y, Su W, Li M. Effects of Chemogenetic Inhibition of D1 or D2 Receptor-Containing Neurons of the Substantia Nigra and Striatum in Mice With Tourette Syndrome. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:779436. [PMID: 34955745 PMCID: PMC8696039 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.779436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As tourette syndrome (TS) is a common neurobehavioral disorder, the primary symptoms of which include behavioral stereotypies. Dysfunction of the substantia nigra-striatum network could be the main pathogenesis of TS, which is closely associated with dopamine (DA) and its receptors. TS is often resistant to conventional treatments. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the neurobiological mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated whether chemogenetic activation or inhibition of dopaminergic D1 receptor (D1R)- or D2 receptor (D2R)-containing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) or dorsal striatum (dSTR) affected the stereotyped behavior and motor functions of TS mice. Intraperitoneal injection of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) was used to induce TS in mice. Stereotyped behavior test and open-field, rotarod, and grip strength tests were performed to evaluate stereotyped behavior and motor functions, respectively. Immunofluorescence labeling was used to detect the co-labeling of virus fluorescence and D1R or D2R. We found that chemogenetic inhibition of D1R- or D2R-containing neurons in the SNpc and dSTR alleviated behavioral stereotypies and motor functions in TS mice. Chemogenetic activation of D1R-containing neurons in the dSTR aggravated behavioral stereotypies and motor functions in vehicle-treated mice, but neither was aggravated in TS mice. In conclusion, chemogenetic inhibition of D1R- or D2R-containing neurons in the SNpc and dSTR alleviated behavioral stereotypies of TS, providing a new treatment target for TS. Moreover, the activation of D1R-containing neurons in the dSTR may contribute to the pathogenesis of TS, which can be chosen as a more precise target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixue Lin
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuye Lan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - He Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Zhanjiang Central People's Hospital, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lingling Yu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wangyixuan Wan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Shu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hongchun Xiang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tengfei Hou
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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