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Wang S, Qiu Y, Zhu F. An updated review of functional ingredients of Manuka honey and their value-added innovations. Food Chem 2024; 440:138060. [PMID: 38211407 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Manuka honey (MH) is a highly prized natural product from the nectar of Leptospermum scoparium flowers. Increased competition on the global market drives MH product innovations. This review updates comparative and non-comparative studies to highlight nutritional, therapeutic, bioengineering, and cosmetic values of MH. MH is a good source of phenolics and unique chemical compounds, such as methylglyoxal, dihydroxyacetone, leptosperin glyoxal, methylsyringate and leptosin. Based on the evidence from in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies, multifunctional bioactive compounds of MH have exhibited anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer activities. There are controversial topics related to MH, such as MH grading, safety/efficacy, implied benefits, and maximum levels of contaminants concerned. Artificial intelligence can optimize MH studies related to chemical analysis, toxicity prediction, multi-functional mechanism exploration and product innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunan Wang
- Canadian Food and Wine Institute, Niagara College, 135 Taylor Road, Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario L0S 1J0, Canada; School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Yi Qiu
- Division of Engineering Science, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Fan Zhu
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Clare J, Lindley MR, Ratcliffe E. The Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Abilities of Fish Oil Derived Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Manuka Honey. Microorganisms 2024; 12:778. [PMID: 38674722 PMCID: PMC11052219 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Both honey and fish oil have been historically used in medicine and identified as having antimicrobial properties. Although analyses of the substances have identified different components within them, it is not fully understood how these components interact and contribute to the observed effect. With the increase in multi-drug resistant strains of bacteria found in infections, new treatment options are needed. This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial abilities of fish oil components, including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and derived resolvins (RvE1, RvD2, and RvD3), as well as two varieties of manuka honey, against a panel of medically relevant microorganisms and antimicrobial resistant organisms, such as Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were identified; further minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBEC) were investigated for responsive organisms, including S. aureus, E. coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Concurrent with the existing literature, manuka honey was found to be a broad-spectrum antimicrobial with varied potency according to methylglyoxal content. DHA and EPA were both effective against Gram-positive and negative bacteria, but some drug-resistant strains or pathogens were not protected by a capsule. Only E. coli was inhibited by the resolvins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Clare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Martin R. Lindley
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia;
| | - Elizabeth Ratcliffe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
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Lozada Lawag I, Green KJ, Khairul Islam M, Locher C, Hammer KA. Bioactivities and Phenolic Profiles of Honeys Derived from Plants of the Goldfields, Esperance and Wheatbelt Regions of Western Australia. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301678. [PMID: 37968896 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine a collection of 79 honeys derived from plants endemic to several Western Australian unique bioregions for bioactivity and physicochemical characteristics. For physicochemical analyses, total phenolic content, high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprints, pH, Brix, colour and hydrogen peroxide generation were examined. Brix (82.6±1.3) and pH (4.34±0.24) values were within expected ranges, whereas hydrogen peroxide levels determined using an o-dianisidine/horseradish peroxidase assay were relatively low, ranging from 0-244 μM. Antibacterial activity determined by the broth microdilution assay showed that Moort (Eucalyptus platypus) and Yate (Eucalyptus occidentalis) honeys had the highest overall activity with mean minimum inhibitory concentrations of 24.8 % and 25.1 % (w/v) honey, respectively. Yate honey also had the highest overall antioxidant activity (4.38±0.58 mmol Fe2+ /kg of honey), followed by Mallee honeys from various eucalypts, as determined by FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power) and DPPH⋅ (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assays. This study identified new sources of honeys with potentially useful therapeutic properties from bioregions within Western Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Lozada Lawag
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), Yanchep, WA, 6035, Australia
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Australia
| | - Kathryn J Green
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), Yanchep, WA, 6035, Australia
- Marshall Centre for Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, UWA, Crawley, 6009, Australia
| | - Md Khairul Islam
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), Yanchep, WA, 6035, Australia
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Australia
| | - Cornelia Locher
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), Yanchep, WA, 6035, Australia
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Australia
| | - Katherine A Hammer
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), Yanchep, WA, 6035, Australia
- Marshall Centre for Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, UWA, Crawley, 6009, Australia
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Mackin C, Dahiya D, Nigam PS. Honey as a Natural Nutraceutical: Its Combinational Therapeutic Strategies Applicable to Blood Infections-Septicemia, HIV, SARS-CoV-2, Malaria. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1154. [PMID: 37631069 PMCID: PMC10459786 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey is a natural substance that has existed alongside humanity since the time of antiquity, acting then as a source of nutrition, as well as a source of medicinal aid for people. Ancient civilizations from multiple nations of the world, from ancient China to ancient Greece and Egypt, utilized the supposed healing properties of honey to treat lacerations and wounds, as well as for internal pathologies such as intestinal disease. At present, honey has entered the modern scientific research program in search of novel antibiotics. In recent research, honey has demonstrated its potential use for static and/or cidal effects on microbial strains which are becoming resistant to chemical antibiotics. Additionally, the use of honey as an agent of treatment for more severe infections, namely blood infections pertaining to septicemia, HIV, and SARS-CoV-2, as well as parasitic infections such as malaria, have also been investigated in recent years. In this article, the literature has been reviewed on some of the therapeutic properties of natural nutraceutical honey, where it has been observed to act as a potential ameliorating agent; reducing the severity of such conditions that may amplify a disease, as well as reducing the progression of the disease and its symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caoimhin Mackin
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | | | - Poonam Singh Nigam
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
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Ejaz H, Sultan M, Qamar MU, Junaid K, Rasool N, Alanazi A, Alruways MW, Mazhari BBZ, Alruwaili Y, Bukhari SNA, Younas S. Antibacterial efficacy of indigenous Pakistani honey against extensively drug-resistant clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi: an alternative option to combat antimicrobial resistance. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:42. [PMID: 36755237 PMCID: PMC9906859 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03870-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) poses a grave threat to public health due to increased mortality and morbidity caused by typhoid fever. Honey is a promising antibacterial agent, and we aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of honey against XDR S. Typhi. METHODS We isolated 20 clinical isolates of XDR S. Typhi from pediatric septicemic patients and determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of different antibiotics against the pathogens using the VITEK 2 Compact system. Antimicrobial-resistant genes carried by the isolates were identified using PCR. The antibacterial efficacy of five Pakistani honeys was examined using agar well diffusion assay, and their MICs and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were determined with the broth microdilution method. RESULTS All 20 isolates were confirmed as S. Typhi. The antibiogram phenotype was confirmed as XDR S. Typhi with resistance to ampicillin (≥ 32 µg/mL), ciprofloxacin (≥ 4 µg/mL), and ceftriaxone (≥ 4 µg/mL) and sensitivity to azithromycin (≤ 16 µg/mL) and carbapenems (≤ 1 µg/mL). Molecular conformation revealed the presence of blaTM-1, Sul1, qnrS, gyrA, gyrB, and blaCTX-M-15 genes in all isolates. Among the five honeys, beri honey had the highest zone of inhibition of 7-15 mm and neem honey had a zone of inhibition of 7-12 mm. The MIC and MBC of beri honey against 3/20 (15%) XDR S. Typhi isolates were 3.125 and 6.25%, respectively, while the MIC and MBC of neem were 3.125 and 6.25%, respectively, against 3/20 (15%) isolates and 6.25 and 12.5%, respectively, against 7/20 (35%) isolates. CONCLUSION Indigenous honeys have an effective role in combating XDR S. Typhi. They are potential candidates for clinical trials as alternative therapeutic options against XDR S. Typhi isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Ejaz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mamoona Sultan
- grid.411786.d0000 0004 0637 891XInstitute of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Qamar
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Kashaf Junaid
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - Nasir Rasool
- grid.411786.d0000 0004 0637 891XDepartment of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Awadh Alanazi
- grid.440748.b0000 0004 1756 6705Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael W. Alruways
- grid.449644.f0000 0004 0441 5692Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, 15273 Saudi Arabia
| | - Bi Bi Zainab Mazhari
- grid.440748.b0000 0004 1756 6705Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Qurayyat, 75911 Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Alruwaili
- grid.440748.b0000 0004 1756 6705Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- grid.440748.b0000 0004 1756 6705Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388 Al Jouf Saudi Arabia
| | - Sonia Younas
- grid.482283.7School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Lawag IL, Islam MK, Sostaric T, Lim LY, Hammer K, Locher C. Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compound Identification and Quantification in Western Australian Honeys. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010189. [PMID: 36671051 PMCID: PMC9854687 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reports on the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity as well as the phenolic compounds that are present in Calothamnus spp. (Red Bell), Agonis flexuosa (Coastal Peppermint), Corymbia calophylla (Marri) and Eucalyptus marginata (Jarrah) honeys from Western Australia. The honey's total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using a modified Folin-Ciocalteu assay, while their total antioxidant activity was determined using FRAP and DPPH assays. Phenolic constituents were identified using a High Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HTPLC)-derived phenolic database, and the identified phenolic compounds were quantified using HPTLC. Finally, constituents that contribute to the honeys' antioxidant activity were identified using a DPPH-HPTLC bioautography assay. Based on the results, Calothamnus spp. honey (n = 8) was found to contain the highest (59.4 ± 7.91 mg GAE/100 g) TPC, followed by Eucalyptus marginata honey (50.58 ± 3.76 mg GAE/100 g), Agonis flexuosa honey (36.08 ± 4.2 mg GAE/100 g) and Corymbia calophylla honey (29.15 ± 5.46 mg GAE/100 g). In the FRAP assay, Calothamnus spp. honey also had the highest activity (9.24 ± 1.68 mmol Fe2+/kg), followed by Eucalyptus marginata honey (mmol Fe2+/kg), whereas Agonis flexuosa (5.45 ± 1.64 mmol Fe2+/kg) and Corymbia calophylla honeys (4.48 ± 0.82 mmol Fe2+/kg) had comparable FRAP activity. In the DPPH assay, when the mean values were compared, it was found that Calothamnus spp. honey again had the highest activity (3.88 ± 0.96 mmol TE/kg) while the mean DPPH antioxidant activity of Eucalyptus marginata, Agonis flexuosa, and Corymbia calophylla honeys were comparable. Kojic acid and epigallocatechin gallate were found in all honeys, whilst other constituents (e.g., m-coumaric acid, lumichrome, gallic acid, taxifolin, luteolin, epicatechin, hesperitin, eudesmic acid, syringic acid, protocatechuic acid, t-cinnamic acid, o-anisic acid) were only identified in some of the honeys. DPPH-HPTLC bioautography demonstrated that most of the identified compounds possess antioxidant activity, except for t-cinnamic acid, eudesmic acid, o-anisic acid, and lumichrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Lozada Lawag
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), The University of Western Australia, Agriculture North M085, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Curnow Building M315, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Md Khairul Islam
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), The University of Western Australia, Agriculture North M085, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Curnow Building M315, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Tomislav Sostaric
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Curnow Building M315, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Lee Yong Lim
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Curnow Building M315, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Katherine Hammer
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), The University of Western Australia, Agriculture North M085, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, L Block QEII Medical Centre, Monash Ave., Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Cornelia Locher
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), The University of Western Australia, Agriculture North M085, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Curnow Building M315, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence:
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The Development and Application of a HPTLC-Derived Database for the Identification of Phenolics in Honey. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196651. [PMID: 36235188 PMCID: PMC9572973 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study reports on the development and validation of a HPTLC-derived database to identify phenolic compounds in honey. Two database sets are developed to contain the profiles of 107 standard compounds. Rich data in the form of Rf values, colour hues (H°) at 254 nm and 366 nm, at 366 nm after derivatising with natural product PEG reagent, and at 366 nm and white light after derivatising with vanillin–sulfuric acid reagent, λ max and λ min values in their fluorescence and λ max values in their UV-Vis spectra as well as λ max values in their fluorescence and UV-Vis spectra after derivatisation are used as filtering parameters to identify potential matches in a honey sample. A spectral overlay system is also developed to confirm these matches. The adopted filtering approach is used to validate the database application using positive and negative controls and also by comparing matches with those identified via HPLC-DAD. Manuka honey is used as the test honey and leptosperine, mandelic acid, kojic acid, lepteridine, gallic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid, o-anisic acid and methyl syringate are identified in the honey using the HPTLC-derived database.
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