1
|
Villares M, Lourenço N, Ktorza I, Berthelet J, Panagiotou A, Richard A, Amo A, Koziy Y, Medjkane S, Valente S, Fioravanti R, Pioche-Durieu C, Lignière L, Chevreux G, Mai A, Weitzman JB. Theileria parasites sequester host eIF5A to escape elimination by host-mediated autophagy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2235. [PMID: 38472173 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracellular pathogens develop elaborate mechanisms to survive within the hostile environments of host cells. Theileria parasites infect bovine leukocytes and cause devastating diseases in cattle in developing countries. Theileria spp. have evolved sophisticated strategies to hijack host leukocytes, inducing proliferative and invasive phenotypes characteristic of cell transformation. Intracellular Theileria parasites secrete proteins into the host cell and recruit host proteins to induce oncogenic signaling for parasite survival. It is unknown how Theileria parasites evade host cell defense mechanisms, such as autophagy, to survive within host cells. Here, we show that Theileria annulata parasites sequester the host eIF5A protein to their surface to escape elimination by autophagic processes. We identified a small-molecule compound that reduces parasite load by inducing autophagic flux in host leukocytes, thereby uncoupling Theileria parasite survival from host cell survival. We took a chemical genetics approach to show that this compound induced host autophagy mechanisms and the formation of autophagic structures via AMPK activation and the release of the host protein eIF5A which is sequestered at the parasite surface. The sequestration of host eIF5A to the parasite surface offers a strategy to escape elimination by autophagic mechanisms. These results show how intracellular pathogens can avoid host defense mechanisms and identify a new anti-Theileria drug that induces autophagy to target parasite removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Villares
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR7126 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Nelly Lourenço
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR7126 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Ivan Ktorza
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR7126 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Jérémy Berthelet
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR7126 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Aristeidis Panagiotou
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR7126 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Aurélie Richard
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR7126 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Angélique Amo
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR7126 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Yulianna Koziy
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR7126 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Souhila Medjkane
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR7126 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry & Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Rossella Fioravanti
- Department of Drug Chemistry & Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | | | - Laurent Lignière
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR 7592 Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Guillaume Chevreux
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR 7592 Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry & Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Jonathan B Weitzman
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, UMR7126 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, 75013, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fonti N, Parisi F, Mancianti F, Freer G, Poli A. Cancerogenic parasites in veterinary medicine: a narrative literature review. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:45. [PMID: 37496079 PMCID: PMC10373346 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00522-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Parasite infection is one of the many environmental factors that can significantly contribute to carcinogenesis and is already known to be associated with a variety of malignancies in both human and veterinary medicine. However, the actual number of cancerogenic parasites and their relationship to tumor development is far from being fully understood, especially in veterinary medicine. Thus, the aim of this review is to investigate parasite-related cancers in domestic and wild animals and their burden in veterinary oncology. Spontaneous neoplasia with ascertained or putative parasite etiology in domestic and wild animals will be reviewed, and the multifarious mechanisms of protozoan and metazoan cancer induction will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Fonti
- Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Francesca Parisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Mancianti
- Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Freer
- Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale e delle Nuove Tecnologie in Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Pisa, Via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Poli
- Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
miR-34c-3p Regulates Protein Kinase A Activity Independent of cAMP by Dicing prkar2b Transcripts in Theileria annulata-Infected Leukocytes. mSphere 2023; 8:e0052622. [PMID: 36847534 PMCID: PMC10117149 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00526-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that can play critical roles in regulating various cellular processes, including during many parasitic infections. Here, we report a regulatory role for miR-34c-3p in cAMP-independent regulation of host cell protein kinase A (PKA) activity in Theileria annulata-infected bovine leukocytes. We identified prkar2b (cAMP-dependent protein kinase A type II-beta regulatory subunit) as a novel miR-34c-3p target gene and demonstrate how infection-induced upregulation of miR-34c-3p repressed PRKAR2B expression to increase PKA activity. As a result, the disseminating tumorlike phenotype of T. annulata-transformed macrophages is enhanced. Finally, we extend our observations to Plasmodium falciparum-parasitized red blood cells, where infection-induced augmentation in miR-34c-3p levels led to a drop in the amount of prkar2b mRNA and increased PKA activity. Collectively, our findings represent a novel cAMP-independent way of regulating host cell PKA activity in infections by Theileria and Plasmodium parasites. IMPORTANCE Small microRNA levels are altered in many diseases, including those caused by parasites. Here, we describe how infection by two important animal and human parasites, Theileria annulata and Plasmodium falciparum, induce changes in infected host cell miR-34c-3p levels to regulate host cell PKA kinase activity by targeting mammalian prkar2b. Infection-induced changes in miR-34c-3p levels provide a novel epigenetic mechanism for regulating host cell PKA activity independent of fluxes in cAMP to both aggravate tumor dissemination and improve parasite fitness.
Collapse
|
4
|
Terletsky A, Akhmerova LG. Malignant human thyroid neoplasms associated with blood parasitic (haemosporidian) infection. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND IMMUNITY 2023. [DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-mht-1948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of archival cytological material obtained by cytologists during fine-needle aspiration biopsy in follicular, papillary, and medullary human thyroid cancers revealed haemosporidian (blood parasitic) infection. Haemosporidian infection was detected as exo- and intraerythrocytic stages of development in thyrocytes schizogony. The exoerythrocytic stage of development is represented as microschizonts in a thyroid needle biopsy specimen. Probably, blood parasitic infection is the common etiology for these pathologies. All biopsy material in medical laboratories was stained with RomanowskyGiemsa stain. To clarify the localization of nuclei (DNA) of thyrocytes and nuclei (DNA) of haemosporidian infection in cytological material following investigation of the entire set of smears, a selective series of original archival smears was stained (restained) with a Feulgen/Schiff reagent. Staining of smears with RomanowskyGiemsa stain is an adsorption method that enables re-use of the same smears for staining with a Feulgen/Schiff reagent where the fuchsin dye, after DNA hydrolysis by hydrochloric acid, is incorporated into DNA and stains it in redviolet (crimsonlilac) color. An intentionally unstained protoplasm of blood parasitic infection was present as a light band around erythrocyte nuclei. In follicular thyroid cancer, Feulgen staining of thyrocytes revealed nuclear DNA and parasitic DNA (haemosporidium nuclei) as point inclusions and rings and diffusely distributed in the thyrocyte cytoplasm. The thyrocyte cytoplasm and nuclei were vacuolated, with thyrocyte nuclei being deformed, flattened, and displaced to the cell periphery. The erythrocytes, which were initially stained with eosin (orange color), contained haemosporidian nuclei (DNA). In some cases, endoglobular inclusions in thyrocytes and erythrocytes were of the same size. In papillary thyroid cancer, we were able to localize the nuclear DNA of thyrocytes and the parasitic DNA as point inclusions and diffusely distributed in the thyrocyte cytoplasm. Two or more polymorphic nuclei may eccentrically occur in the hyperplastic cytoplasm. Haemosporidian microschizonts occurred circumnuclearly in thyrocytes and as an exoerythrocytic stage in the blood. The erythrocyte cytoplasm contained redviolet polymorphic haemosporidian nuclei (DNA). In medullary thyroid cancer, the hyperplastic cytoplasm of thyrocytes contained eccentrically located nuclei (DNA) of thyrocytes and small haemosporidian nuclei (DNA), which may occupy the whole thyrocyte. There were thyrocytes with vacuolated cytoplasm and pronounced nuclear polymorphism. The size of hyperplastic nuclei was several times larger than that of normal thyrocyte nuclei. The color of stained cytoplasmic and nuclear vacuoles of thyrocytes was less redviolet compared with that of surrounding tissues, which probably indicates the presence of parasitic DNA in them. The haemosporidian nuclear material in erythrocytes is represented by polymorphic nuclei, which may indicate the simultaneous presence of different pathogen species and/or generations in the blood. Intracellular parasitism of haemosporidian infection in thyrocytes (schizogony) associated with three thyroid cancers leads to pronounced cytoplasmic hyperplasia, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and nuclear vacuolization of the thyrocyte, followed by impaired secretory function. Multinucleated thyrocytes with incomplete cytokinesis appear. The absence of lytic death of the affected thyrocytes indicates that the contagium is able to control apoptosis and influence physiological functions of the cell. There is deformation of the nuclei, which leads to a decrease in their size, their flattening and displacement to the cell periphery, with high risk of DNA mutations and deletions in affected cells, reaching a neoplastic level.
Collapse
|
5
|
Brandão YDO, Molento MB. A Systematic Review of Apicomplexa Looking into Epigenetic Pathways and the Opportunity for Novel Therapies. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020299. [PMID: 36839571 PMCID: PMC9963874 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest in host epigenetic changes during apicomplexan infections increased in the last decade, mainly due to the emergence of new therapies directed to these alterations. This review aims to carry out a bibliometric analysis of the publications related to host epigenetic changes during apicomplexan infections and to summarize the main studied pathways in this context, pointing out those that represent putative drug targets. We used four databases for the article search. After screening, 116 studies were included. The bibliometric analysis revealed that the USA and China had the highest number of relevant publications. The evaluation of the selected studies revealed that Toxoplasma gondii was considered in most of the studies, non-coding RNA was the most frequently reported epigenetic event, and host defense was the most explored pathway. These findings were reinforced by an analysis of the co-occurrence of keywords. Even though we present putative targets for repurposing epidrugs and ncRNA-based drugs in apicomplexan infections, we understand that more detailed knowledge of the hosts' epigenetic pathways is still needed before establishing a definitive drug target.
Collapse
|
6
|
Trifloxystrobin blocks the growth of Theileria parasites and is a promising drug to treat Buparvaquone resistance. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1253. [DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03981-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractTheileria parasites are responsible for devastating cattle diseases, causing major economic losses across Africa and Asia. Theileria spp. stand apart from other apicomplexa parasites by their ability to transform host leukocytes into immortalized, hyperproliferating, invasive cells that rapidly kill infected animals. The emergence of resistance to the theilericidal drug Buparvaquone raises the need for new anti-Theileria drugs. We developed a microscopy-based screen to reposition drugs from the open-access Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) Pathogen Box. We show that Trifloxystrobin (MMV688754) selectively kills lymphocytes or macrophages infected with Theileria annulata or Theileria parva parasites. Trifloxystrobin treatment reduced parasite load in vitro as effectively as Buparvaquone, with similar effects on host gene expression, cell proliferation and cell cycle. Trifloxystrobin also inhibited parasite differentiation to merozoites (merogony). Trifloxystrobin inhibition of parasite survival is independent of the parasite TaPin1 prolyl isomerase pathway. Furthermore, modeling studies predicted that Trifloxystrobin and Buparvaquone could interact distinctly with parasite Cytochrome B and we show that Trifloxystrobin was still effective against Buparvaquone-resistant cells harboring TaCytB mutations. Our study suggests that Trifloxystrobin could provide an effective alternative to Buparvaquone treatment and represents a promising candidate for future drug development against Theileria spp.
Collapse
|
7
|
Jain CK, Srivastava P, Pandey AK, Singh N, Kumar RS. miRNA therapeutics in precision oncology: a natural premium to nurture. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2022; 3:511-532. [PMID: 36071981 PMCID: PMC9446160 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic spectrum of microRNA (miRNA) has grown significantly over the years with its identification and exploration in cancer therapeutics and is currently identified as an important resource for innovative strategies due to its functional behavior for gene regulation and modulation of complex biological networks. The progression of cancer is the consequence of uncontrolled, nonsynchronous procedural faults in the biological system. Diversified and variable cellular response of cancerous cells has always raised challenges in effective cancer therapy. miRNAs, a class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), are the natural genetic gift, responsible to preserve the homeostasis of cell to nurture. The unprecedented significance of endogenous miRNAs has exhibited promising therapeutic potential in cancer therapeutics. Currently, miRNA mimic miR-34, and an antimiR aimed against miR-122 has entered the clinical trials for cancer treatments. This review, highlights the recent breakthroughs, challenges, clinical trials, and advanced delivery vehicles in the administration of miRNA therapies for precision oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chakresh Kumar Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida 201307, India
| | - Poornima Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida 201307, India
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Nisha Singh
- Department of Bioinformatics, Gujarat Biotechnology University, Gandhinagar, GIFT city 382355, India
| | - R Suresh Kumar
- Molecular Genetics Lab, Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research (ICMR), Noida 201307, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
miR-155: An Important Role in Inflammation Response. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:7437281. [PMID: 35434143 PMCID: PMC9007653 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7437281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, mature, noncoding RNA that lead to posttranscriptional gene silencing to regulate gene expression. miRNAs are instrumental in biological processes such as cell development, cell differentiation, cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis. The miRNA-mediated gene silencing is an important part of the regulation of gene expression in many kinds of diseases. miR-155, one of the best-characterized miRNAs, has been found to be closely related to physiological and pathological processes. What is more, miR-155 can be used as a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases. We analyze the articles about miR-155 for nearly five years, review the advanced study on the function of miR-155 in different inflammatory cells like T cells, B cells, DCs, and macrophages, and then summarize the biological functions of miR-155 in different inflammatory cells. The widespread involvement of miR-155 in human diseases has led to a novel therapeutic approach between Chinese and Western medicine.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang X, Zhang R, Huang Z, Zang S, Wu Q, Xia L. Inhibition of the miR-155 and protein prenylation feedback loop alleviated acute graft-versus-host disease through regulating the balance between T helper 17 and Treg cells. Transpl Immunol 2021; 69:101461. [PMID: 34487810 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2021.101461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-155(miR-155) and protein prenylation have been reported to participate in acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) through modulating T lymphocyte differentiation, however the mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we found that the expression of miR-155 and protein prenyltransferases in peripheral blood T lymphocytes of aGVHD mice was significantly increased. Suppression of miR-155 by antagomir-155 could remarkably reduce prenyltransferases mRNA and protein expression in T lymphocytes of aGVHD mice. Conversely, prenyltransferase inhibitors significantly reduced the level of miR-155. Inhibition of this feedback loop of miR-155 and protein prenylation in aGVHD mice led to improved survival and lower aGVHD histopathology scores and significantly induced T cell deficient differentiation towards T helper 17 (Th17) cells and titled differentiation towards CD4+CD25hi regulatory T (Treg) cells. Furthermore, the immunoregulatory effects and protection from aGVHD of prenyltransferase inhibitors could be reversed by the addition of miR-155. The dual treatment of prenylation inhibitors and antagomir-155 showed synergistic effects on T polarization and protection from aGVHD. Consistent with the in vivo changes, inhibition of this feedback loop of miR-155 and protein prenylation affected Th17 and Treg cell polarization in vitro. Our data suggest that miR-155 and protein prenylation may constitute a feedback loop that amplifies immune and inflammatory responses in subjects with aGVHD, and they may serve as potential targets for aGVHD prophylaxis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue,Wuhan 430022, China; Department of Geriatrics,Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,1277 JieFang Avenue,Wuhan 430022,China; Institute of Gerontology,Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,1277 JieFang Avenue,Wuhan 430022,China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhenli Huang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue,Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Sibin Zang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue,Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qiuling Wu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue,Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Linghui Xia
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue,Wuhan 430022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cheeseman K, Jannot G, Lourenço N, Villares M, Berthelet J, Calegari-Silva T, Hamroune J, Letourneur F, Rodrigues-Lima F, Weitzman JB. Dynamic methylation of histone H3K18 in differentiating Theileria parasites. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3221. [PMID: 34050145 PMCID: PMC8163883 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23477-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine methylation on histone tails impacts genome regulation and cell fate determination in many developmental processes. Apicomplexa intracellular parasites cause major diseases and they have developed complex life cycles with fine-tuned differentiation events. Yet, apicomplexa genomes have few transcription factors and little is known about their epigenetic control systems. Tick-borne Theileria apicomplexa species have relatively small, compact genomes and a remarkable ability to transform leucocytes in their bovine hosts. Here we report enriched H3 lysine 18 monomethylation (H3K18me1) on the gene bodies of repressed genes in Theileria macroschizonts. Differentiation to merozoites (merogony) leads to decreased H3K18me1 in parasite nuclei. Pharmacological manipulation of H3K18 acetylation or methylation impacted parasite differentiation and expression of stage-specific genes. Finally, we identify a parasite SET-domain methyltransferase (TaSETup1) that can methylate H3K18 and represses gene expression. Thus, H3K18me1 emerges as an important epigenetic mark which controls gene expression and stage differentiation in Theileria parasites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Cheeseman
- Université de Paris, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Jannot
- Université de Paris, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Nelly Lourenço
- Université de Paris, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Marie Villares
- Université de Paris, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Berthelet
- Université de Paris, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Functional and Adaptive Biology, CNRS, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mahami-Oskouei M, Norouzi B, Ahmadpour E, Kazemi T, Spotin A, Alizadeh Z, Ghorbani Sani R, Asadi M. Expression analysis of circulating miR-146a and miR-155 as novel biomarkers related to effective immune responses in human cystic echinococcosis. Microb Pathog 2021; 157:104962. [PMID: 34022359 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis, an important zoonotic disease, is caused by Echinococcus granulosus. MicroRNAs are a small group of single-stranded noncoding RNAs, which play an effective role in biological processes. This study aimed at comparing the expression levels of miR-146a and miR-155 in the plasma of patients with hydatidosis and healthy individuals. A group of 20 patients with hydatid cyst formed a study group and 20 healthy individuals with no known chronic diseases formed a control group. Plasma samples were collected from hydatidosis patients as well as sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers. After that, RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were done and the expression levels of miR-146a and miR-155 were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for both groups. The results indicated that the level of miR-146a increased in all patients with hydatidosis compared to the control group. Also, the level of miR-155 increased in all hydatidosis patients, but no correlation was observed in the level of miR-155 between the two groups. The results also revealed that miR-146a and miR-155 upregulation in the plasma leads to the development of novel biomarkers for echinococcosis. One of the reasons for the increase of miRNAs in hydatidosis may be their role in modulating the immune system. These miRNAs are likely to be considered as one of the most important biomarkers in determining the severity of hydatidosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mahami-Oskouei
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Behrooz Norouzi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ahmadpour
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Kazemi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Adel Spotin
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Alizadeh
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Ghorbani Sani
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Milad Asadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tajeri S, Haidar M, Sakura T, Langsley G. Interaction between transforming Theileria parasites and their host bovine leukocytes. Mol Microbiol 2021; 115:860-869. [PMID: 33565178 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Theileria are tick-transmitted parasites that cause often fatal leuko-proliferative diseases in cattle called tropical theileriosis (T. annulata) and East Coast fever (T. parva). However, upon treatment with anti-theilerial drug-transformed leukocytes die of apoptosis indicating that Theileria-induced transformation is reversible making infected leukocytes a powerful example of how intracellular parasites interact with their hosts. Theileria-transformed leukocytes disseminate throughout infected cattle causing a cancer-like disease and here, we discuss how cytokines, noncoding RNAs and oncometabolites can contribute to the transformed phenotype and disease pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Tajeri
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CIMI, Paris, France
| | - Malak Haidar
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France.,Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.,de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Takaya Sakura
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France.,Department of Molecular Infection Dynamics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Gordon Langsley
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sun R, Zheng Z, Wang L, Cheng S, Shi Q, Qu B, Fu D, Leboeuf C, Zhao Y, Ye J, Janin A, Zhao WL. A novel prognostic model based on four circulating miRNA in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: implications for the roles of MDSC and Th17 cells in lymphoma progression. Mol Oncol 2020; 15:246-261. [PMID: 33107145 PMCID: PMC7782091 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) have been emerged as prognostic biomarkers in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). To understand the potential underlying mechanisms and translate these findings into clinical prediction on lymphoma progression, large patient cohorts should be evaluated. Here, using miRNA PCR array, we analyzed the miRNA expression profiles in serum samples of 20 DLBCL patients at diagnosis, remission and relapse. Four candidate miRNA were identified and subsequently evaluated for their ability to predict relapse and survival. A prognostic model based on four circulating miRNA (miR21, miR130b, miR155 and miR28) was established and tested in a training cohort of 279 patients and in a validation cohort of 225 patients (NCT01852435). The prognostic value of the 4-circulating miRNA model was assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses. The novel 4-circulating miRNA prognostic model significantly predicted clinical outcome of DLBCL, independent of International Prognostic Index in the training cohort [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.83, 95% CI 2.14-3.51, P < 0.001] and in the validation cohort (HR = 2.71, 95% CI 1.91-3.50, P < 0.001). Moreover, DNA- and RNA-sequencing was performed on tumor samples to detect genetic mutations and signaling pathway dysregulation. DNA-sequencing data showed no significant difference of tumor mutation burden between the low-risk and the high-risk groups of the 4-circulating miRNA model. RNA-sequencing revealed a correlation between the 4-circulating miRNA model and aberrant Ras protein signaling transduction. The impact of the miRNA signature on oncogenic signaling and tumor microenvironment was analyzed in vitro and in vivo. In B-lymphoma cells, modulation of the miRNA regulated IGF1 and JUN expression, thereby altering MDSC and Th17 cells. In DLBCL patients, the high-risk group presented Ras signaling activation, increased MDSC and Th17 cells, and immunosuppressive status compared with the low-risk group. In conclusion, the easy-to-use 4-circulating miRNA prognostic model effectively predicted relapse and survival in DLBCL. Moreover, the tumor microenvironment contributes to the role of the 4-circulating miRNA model in DLBCL progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Li Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Cheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Bin Qu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Di Fu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | | | - Yan Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, China
| | - Anne Janin
- U1165 Inserm/Université Paris 7, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Wei-Li Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rchiad Z, Haidar M, Ansari HR, Tajeri S, Mfarrej S, Ben Rached F, Kaushik A, Langsley G, Pain A. Novel tumour suppressor roles for GZMA and RASGRP1 in Theileria annulata-transformed macrophages and human B lymphoma cells. Cell Microbiol 2020; 22:e13255. [PMID: 32830401 PMCID: PMC7685166 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Theileria annulata is a tick-transmitted apicomplexan parasite that infects and transforms bovine leukocytes into disseminating tumours that cause a disease called tropical theileriosis. Using comparative transcriptomics we identified genes transcriptionally perturbed during Theileria-induced leukocyte transformation. Dataset comparisons highlighted a small set of genes associated with Theileria-transformed leukocyte dissemination. The roles of Granzyme A (GZMA) and RAS guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RASGRP1) were verified by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockdown. Knocking down expression of GZMA and RASGRP1 in attenuated macrophages led to a regain in their dissemination in Rag2/γC mice confirming their role as dissemination suppressors in vivo. We further evaluated the roles of GZMA and RASGRP1 in human B lymphomas by comparing the transcriptome of 934 human cancer cell lines to that of Theileria-transformed bovine host cells. We confirmed dampened dissemination potential of human B lymphomas that overexpress GZMA and RASGRP1. Our results provide evidence that GZMA and RASGRP1 have a novel tumour suppressor function in both T. annulata-infected bovine host leukocytes and in human B lymphomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zineb Rchiad
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.,Laboratoire de Biologie Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France.,Centre de Coalition, Innovation, et de prévention des Epidémies au Maroc (CIPEM), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Malak Haidar
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.,Laboratoire de Biologie Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| | - Hifzur Rahman Ansari
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahin Tajeri
- Laboratoire de Biologie Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| | - Sara Mfarrej
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fathia Ben Rached
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abhinav Kaushik
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gordon Langsley
- Laboratoire de Biologie Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| | - Arnab Pain
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.,Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wu X, Chen H, Wang Y, Gu Y. Akt2 Affects Periodontal Inflammation via Altering the M1/M2 Ratio. J Dent Res 2020; 99:577-587. [PMID: 32228353 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520910127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a bacteria-driven inflammatory destructive disease that leads to attachment loss, bone resorption, and even tooth loss. Accumulating studies revealed that macrophages might play an nonnegligible role during the processes of periodontitis. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, we found novel Akt2/JNK1/2/c-Jun and Akt2/miR-155-5p/DET1/c-Jun signaling pathways that regulated the polarization of macrophages and altered periodontal inflammatory status. Through hematoxylin and eosin, immunostaining, and immunofluorescence staining of clinical specimens, a higher number of M1 phenotype macrophage infiltration was found in periodontitis than in normal controls. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence showed that overexpression of Akt2 in RAW 264.7 cells induced M1 macrophage polarization and decreased M2 polarization, while knockdown of Akt2 exerted an opposite effect. Furthermore, overexpression of Akt2 activated the JNK pathway and then increased the release of proinflammatory mediators, while knockdown of Akt2 downregulated the above genes accordingly. Importantly, the macrophage polarization and the subsequent alteration of pathway molecules induced by overexpression of Akt2 could be rescued by Akt2 and JNK inhibitors. Moreover, JNK inhibition could facilitate M2 polarization of macrophages. In a mouse periodontitis model, the novel signaling pathway as well as clinical phenotype was further verified. Inhibition of Akt2 facilitated macrophage M2 polarization and rescued the bone loss due to periodontitis. Collectively, we identified novel Akt2/JNK1/2/c-Jun and Akt2/miR-155-5p/DET1/c-Jun signaling pathways that regulate macrophage polarization and highlight that Akt2 inhibition promotes M2 polarization of macrophages and can be a novel potential candidate in the treatment of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X. Wu
- Department of Orthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - H. Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Y. Wang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Y. Gu
- Department of Orthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Medjkane S, Weitzman JB. Intracellular Theileria Parasites PIN Down Host Metabolism. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:134. [PMID: 32258029 PMCID: PMC7092627 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Souhila Medjkane
- Université de Paris, UMR 7216 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Jonathan B Weitzman
- Université de Paris, UMR 7216 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Villares M, Berthelet J, Weitzman JB. The clever strategies used by intracellular parasites to hijack host gene expression. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:215-226. [PMID: 32002610 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00779-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular pathogens need to develop sophisticated mechanisms to survive and thrive in the hostile environment within host cells. Unicellular, eukaryotic parasites from the Apicomplexa phylum have become masters of manipulating their host cells, exploiting signaling, and metabolic pathways to hijack host gene expression to their own advantage. These intracellular parasites have developed a wide range of strategies that affect transcriptional machineries and epigenetic events in the host cell nucleus. In recent years, many laboratories have risen to the challenge of studying the epigenetics of host-pathogen interactions with the hope that unraveling the complexity of the mechanisms involved will provide important insights into parasitism and provide clues to fight infection. In this review, we survey some of these many strategies that Apicomplexan parasites employ to hijack their hosts, including inducing epigenetic enzymes, secreting epigenators into host cells, sequestering host signaling proteins, and co-opting non-coding RNAs to change gene and protein expression. We cite selected examples from the literature on Apicomplexa parasites (including Toxoplasma, Theileria, and Cryptosporidium) to highlight the success of these parasitic processes. We marvel at the effectiveness of the strategies that these pathogens have evolved and wonder what mysteries lie ahead in exploring the epigenetics of host-parasite interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Villares
- UMR 7216 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, Université de Paris, Bâtiment Lamarck, Case 7042, 35 rue Hélène Brion, 75205, Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Jérémy Berthelet
- UMR 7216 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, Université de Paris, Bâtiment Lamarck, Case 7042, 35 rue Hélène Brion, 75205, Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Jonathan B Weitzman
- UMR 7216 Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, Université de Paris, Bâtiment Lamarck, Case 7042, 35 rue Hélène Brion, 75205, Paris cedex 13, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Salim B, Chatanga E, Jannot G, Mossaad E, Nakao R, Weitzman JB. Mutations in the TaPIN1 peptidyl prolyl isomerase gene in Theileria annulata parasites isolated in Sudan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2019; 11:101-105. [PMID: 31794951 PMCID: PMC6904843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The tick-borne parasite Theileria annulata is the causative agent of tropical theileriosis or Mediterranean theileriosis. Infection of bovine leukocytes by the obligate intracellular parasites induces proliferative and invasive phenotypes associated with activated signaling pathways. The transformed phenotypes of infected cells are reversible by treatment with the theilericidal drug buparvaquone. Recent reports of resistance to buparvaquone in Africa and Asia highlight the need to investigate the mechanisms and prevalence of drug resistance. We screened 67 T. annulata isolates from Sudan to investigate mutations in the T. annulata prolyl isomerase I gene (TaPIN1). The secreted TaPin1 interacts with host proteins to induce pathways driving oncogenic transformation and metabolic reprogramming. We found an Alanine-to-Proline mutation at position 53 (A53P) in the catalytic loop that was previously found in Tunisian drug-resistant samples. This is the first study reporting independent confirmation of the A53P mutation in geographically isolated samples. We found several additional mutations in the predicted N-terminal signal peptide that might affect TaPin1 processing or targeting. We found that many parasites also share mutations in both the TaPIN1 and the cytochrome b genes, suggesting that these two genes represent important biomarkers to follow the spread of resistance in Africa, the Middle East and Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Salim
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, P.O. Box 32, Khartoum North, Sudan.
| | - Elisha Chatanga
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Guillaume Jannot
- Université de Paris, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Ehab Mossaad
- Department of Pathology, Parasitology and Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 204, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ryo Nakao
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Jonathan B Weitzman
- Université de Paris, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS, F-75013, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pasquini G, Kunej T. A Map of the microRNA Regulatory Networks Identified by Experimentally Validated microRNA-Target Interactions in Five Domestic Animals: Cattle, Pig, Sheep, Dog, and Chicken. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2019; 23:448-456. [PMID: 31381467 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2019.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Domestic animals are members of the broader ecological context, in which humans are situated. Yet, genomics and systems science research have lagged behind and been relatively underappreciated in domestic animals compared to human genetics/genomics. Harnessing big data calls for omics data mapping studies in a broad range of mammals. To this end, microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate posttranscriptional expression of target genes, hence, governing different biological pathways and physiological processes. The knowledge of miRNA regulatory networks and maps is important for understanding regulation of gene expression and functions in both humans and domestic animals. However, complete miRNA regulatory networks have not yet been described in all species, particularly in domestic animals. We report here an original analysis so as to map the miRNA regulatory networks in domestic animals based on miRNA-target interactions (MTIs). Validated MTIs for five species; cattle, pig, sheep, dog, and chicken were extracted from the miRTarBase. miRNA regulomes were visualized using the Cytoscape software. The data in cattle, chicken, and pig were sufficient to visualize networks, identify central molecules, and subnetworks associated with the same phenotype; however, the MTI data in dog and sheep are still limited. We found several hub genes with large number of interactions, for example, 1 miRNA (bta-miR-17-5p) interacting with 27 genes and 7 miRNAs interacting with the same gene (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]) in cattle. In addition, two single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified within the seed region of a previously demonstrated MTI, namely, between HMGB3 (high mobility group box 3) gene and bta-miR-17-5p. In summary, this miRNA regulome mapping study will enable and guide further studies of genome function in mammals with a view to applications in human as well as veterinary medicine. Furthermore, these miRNA regulomes can help to clarify fundamental pathways in cell biology and reveal molecular insights on phenotypic trait variability in common complex diseases and response phenotypes of drugs or other health interventions for precision medicine in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Pasquini
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domzale, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Kunej
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domzale, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Marsolier J, Perichon M, Weitzman JB, Medjkane S. Secreted parasite Pin1 isomerase stabilizes host PKM2 to reprogram host cell metabolism. Commun Biol 2019; 2:152. [PMID: 31044177 PMCID: PMC6491484 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0386-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is an important feature of host-pathogen interactions and a hallmark of tumorigenesis. The intracellular apicomplexa parasite Theileria induces a Warburg-like effect in host leukocytes by hijacking signaling machineries, epigenetic regulators and transcriptional programs to create a transformed cell state. The molecular mechanisms underlying host cell transformation are unclear. Here we show that a parasite-encoded prolyl-isomerase, TaPin1, stabilizes host pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) leading to HIF-1α-dependent regulation of metabolic enzymes, glucose uptake and transformed phenotypes in parasite-infected cells. Our results provide a direct molecular link between the secreted parasite TaPin1 protein and host gene expression programs. This study demonstrates the importance of prolyl isomerization in the parasite manipulation of host metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justine Marsolier
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS, UMR 7216 Paris, France
- Present Address: Institut Curie, 26 rue d′Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Martine Perichon
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS, UMR 7216 Paris, France
| | - Jonathan B. Weitzman
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS, UMR 7216 Paris, France
| | - Souhila Medjkane
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS, UMR 7216 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
A Feedback Loop between MicroRNA 155 (miR-155), Programmed Cell Death 4, and Activation Protein 1 Modulates the Expression of miR-155 and Tumorigenesis in Tongue Cancer. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:MCB.00410-18. [PMID: 30617160 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00410-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA 155 (miR-155) is an oncomir, generated as a noncoding RNA from the BIC gene whose promoter activity is mainly controlled via activation protein 1 (AP-1) and NF-κB transcription factors. We found that the expression levels of miR-155 and programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) exhibit inverse relationships in tongue cancer cells (SAS and AWL) and tumor tissues compared to their relationships in normal FBM cells and normal tongue tissues, respectively. In silico and in vitro studies with the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of Pdcd4 via luciferase reporter assays, quantitative PCR (qPCR), and Western blotting showed that miR-155 directly targets Pdcd4 mRNA and blocks its expression. Ectopic expression of Pdcd4 or knockdown of miR-155 in tongue cancer cells predominantly reduces AP-1-dependent transcriptional activity of the BIC promoter and decreases miR-155 expression. In this study, we demonstrate that miR-155 expression is modulated by a feedback loop between Pdcd4, AP-1, and miR-155 which results in enhanced expression of miR-155 with a consequent progression of tongue tumorigenesis. Further, miR-155 knockdown increases apoptosis, arrests the cell cycle, regresses tumor size in xenograft nude mice, and reduces cell viability and colony formation in soft-agar and clonogenic assays. Thus, the restoration of Pdcd4 levels by the use of molecular manipulation such as using a miR-155 sponge has an essential role in the therapeutic intervention of cancers, including tongue cancer.
Collapse
|
22
|
Latré De Laté P, Haidar M, Ansari H, Tajeri S, Szarka E, Alexa A, Woods K, Reményi A, Pain A, Langsley G. Theileria highjacks JNK2 into a complex with the macroschizont GPI (GlycosylPhosphatidylInositol)-anchored surface protein p104. Cell Microbiol 2018; 21:e12973. [PMID: 30412643 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Constitutive c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity characterizes bovine T and B cells infected with Theileria parva, and B cells and macrophages infected with Theileria annulata. Here, we show that T. annulata infection of macrophages manipulates JNK activation by recruiting JNK2 and not JNK1 to the parasite surface, whereas JNK1 is found predominantly in the host cell nucleus. At the parasite's surface, JNK2 forms a complex with p104, a GPI-(GlycosylPhosphatidylInositol)-anchor T. annulata plasma membrane protein. Sequestration of JNK2 depended on Protein Kinase-A (PKA)-mediated phosphorylation of a JNK-binding motif common to T. parva and a cell penetrating peptide harbouring the conserved p104 JNK-binding motif competitively ablated binding, whereupon liberated JNK2 became ubiquitinated and degraded. Cytosolic sequestration of JNK2 suppressed small mitochondrial ARF-mediated autophagy, whereas it sustained nuclear JNK1 levels, c-Jun phosphorylation, and matrigel traversal. Therefore, T. annulata sequestration of JNK2 contributes to both survival and dissemination of Theileria-transformed macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Perle Latré De Laté
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75014, France.,Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| | - Malak Haidar
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75014, France.,Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France.,Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Jeddah, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hifzur Ansari
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Jeddah, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahin Tajeri
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75014, France.,Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| | - Eszter Szarka
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anita Alexa
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kerry Woods
- Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Attila Reményi
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Arnab Pain
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Jeddah, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Gordon Langsley
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75014, France.,Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gillan V, Simpson DM, Kinnaird J, Maitland K, Shiels B, Devaney E. Characterisation of infection associated microRNA and protein cargo in extracellular vesicles of Theileria annulata infected leukocytes. Cell Microbiol 2018; 21:e12969. [PMID: 30370674 PMCID: PMC6492283 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The protozoan parasites Theileria annulata and Theileria parva are unique amongst intracellular eukaryotic pathogens as they induce a transformation-like phenotype in their bovine host cell. T. annulata causes tropical theileriosis, which is frequently fatal, with infected leukocytes becoming metastatic and forming foci in multiple organs resulting in destruction of the lymphoid system. Exosomes, a subset of extracellular vesicles (EV), are critical in metastatic progression in many cancers. Here, we characterised the cargo of EV from a control bovine lymphosarcoma cell line (BL20) and BL20 infected with T. annulata (TBL20) by comparative mass spectrometry and microRNA (miRNA) profiling (data available via ProteomeXchange, identifier PXD010713 and NCBI GEO, accession number GSE118456, respectively). Ingenuity pathway analysis that many infection-associated proteins essential to migration and extracellular matrix digestion were upregulated in EV from TBL20 cells compared with BL20 controls. An altered repertoire of host miRNA, many with known roles in tumour and/or infection biology, was also observed. Focusing on the tumour suppressor miRNA, bta-miR-181a and bta-miR-181b, we identified putative messenger RNA targets and confirmed the interaction of bta-miR181a with ICAM-1. We propose that EV and their miRNA cargo play an important role in the manipulation of the host cell phenotype and the pathobiology of Theileria infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Gillan
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Deborah M Simpson
- Institute of Integrative Biology, Centre for Proteome Research, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jane Kinnaird
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kirsty Maitland
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Brian Shiels
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Eileen Devaney
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Harquail J, LeBlanc N, Landry C, Crapoulet N, Robichaud GA. Pax-5 Inhibits NF-κB Activity in Breast Cancer Cells Through IKKε and miRNA-155 Effectors. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2018; 23:177-187. [PMID: 30032344 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-018-9404-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pax-5, an essential transcription factor in B cell development, is aberrantly expressed in various B cell cancer lesions and solid tumors such as breast carcinoma. We have recently shown that Pax-5 regulates NF-κB activity which lead to the modulation of breast cancer phenotypic features (EMT-MET). NF-κB is known as a central mediator in inflammation, stress response as well as being a gatekeeper of pro-tumorigenic activity. However, little is known as to how Pax-5 affects this modulation. We thus turned our attention to microRNAs as potential regulatory effectors. In this study, we set out to elucidate the regulatory network between differential Pax-5 expression and NF-κB activity which dictate breast cancer malignancy. Through next-generation sequencing (NGS) of breast cancer cells conditionally expressing Pax-5, we profile significantly upregulated microRNAs; including microRNA-155, a known regulator of pathological processes and suppressor of malignant growth. Through the conditional expression of microRNA-155 in breast cancer models, we identify and validate IKKε (IKBKE) as a downstream target and an essential effector of Pax-5-mediated suppression of NF-κB signaling. Using rescue experiments, we also confirm that Pax-5 modulates NF-κB activity via IKKε downregulation. Interestingly, we also show that microRNA-155, in turn, supresses Pax-5 expression, indicative of an auto-regulatory feedback loop. Altogether, we demonstrate that Pax-5 inhibits NF-κB signalling through the regulation of microRNA-155 and its downstream target IKKε. The elucidation of this signaling network is relevant as Pax-5 and NF-κB are potent transcriptional regulators of breast cancer aggressivity. In addition, IKKε is relevant oncogene aberrantly expressed in 30% of breast carcinomas. Further insight into the regulatory pathways of breast cancer progression will eventually identify strategic therapeutic and prognostic targets to improve cancer patient outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Harquail
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, E1C 8X3, Canada
| | - Nicolas LeBlanc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, E1C 8X3, Canada
| | - Carine Landry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, E1C 8X3, Canada
| | - Nicolas Crapoulet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, E1C 8X3, Canada
| | - Gilles A Robichaud
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada.
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, E1C 8X3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhu D, Yang C, Shen P, Chen L, Chen J, Sun X, Duan L, Zhang L, Zhu J, Duan Y. rSjP40 suppresses hepatic stellate cell activation by promoting microRNA-155 expression and inhibiting STAT5 and FOXO3a expression. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:5486-5493. [PMID: 30091834 PMCID: PMC6201359 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is the central event of the evolution of hepatic fibrosis. Schistosomiasis is one of the pathogenic factors which could induce hepatic fibrosis. Previous studies have shown that recombinant Schistosoma japonicum egg antigen P40 (rSjP40) can inhibit the activation and proliferation of HSCs. MicroRNA‐155 is one of the multifunctional noncoding RNA, which is involved in a series of important biological processes including cell development, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Here, we try to observe the role of microRNA‐155 in rSjP40‐inhibited HSC activation and explore its potential mechanisms. We found that microRNA‐155 was raised in rSjP40‐treated HSCs, and further studies have shown that rSjP40 enhanced microRNA‐155 expression by inhibiting STAT5 transcription. Up‐regulated microRNA‐155 can down‐regulate the expression of FOXO3a and then participate in rSjP40‐inhibited expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and collagen I. Furthermore, we observed microRNA‐155 inhibitor could partially restore the down‐regulation of FOXO3a, α‐SMA and collagen I expression in LX‐2 cells induced by rSjP40. Therefore, our research provides further insight into the mechanism by which rSjP40 could inhibit HSC activation via miR‐155.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chunzhao Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Pei Shen
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liuting Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jinling Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaolei Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lian Duan
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jinhua Zhu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yinong Duan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Unlu AH, Tajeri S, Bilgic HB, Eren H, Karagenc T, Langsley G. The secreted Theileria annulata Ta9 protein contributes to activation of the AP-1 transcription factor. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196875. [PMID: 29738531 PMCID: PMC5940210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Theileria annulata is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa. Theileria sporozoites invade bovine leukocytes and develop into a multinucleate syncytial macroschizont that causes uncontrolled proliferation and dissemination of infected and transformed leukocytes. Activator protein 1 (AP-1) is a transcription factor driving expression of genes involved in proliferation and dissemination and is therefore a key player in Theileria-induced leukocytes transformation. Ta9 possesses a signal peptide allowing it to be secreted into the infected leukocyte cytosol and be presented to CD8 T cells in the context of MHC class I. First, we confirmed that Ta9 is secreted into the infected leukocyte cytosol, and then we generated truncated versions of GFP-tagged Ta9 and tested their ability to activate AP-1 in non-infected HEK293T human kidney embryo cells. The ability to activate AP-1-driven transcription was found to reside in the C-terminal 100 amino acids of Ta9 distant to the N-terminally located epitopes recognised by CD8+ T cells. Secreted Ta9 has therefore, not only the ability to stimulate CD8+ T cells, but also the potential to activate AP-1-driven transcription and contribute to T. annulata-induced leukocyte transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Hakan Unlu
- Vocational School of Gevas, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
- * E-mail:
| | - Shahin Tajeri
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Inserm U1016, Cnrs UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Huseyin Bilgin Bilgic
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Hasan Eren
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Tulin Karagenc
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Gordon Langsley
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Inserm U1016, Cnrs UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Haidar M, Rchiad Z, Ansari HR, Ben-Rached F, Tajeri S, Latre De Late P, Langsley G, Pain A. miR-126-5p by direct targeting of JNK-interacting protein-2 (JIP-2) plays a key role in Theileria-infected macrophage virulence. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1006942. [PMID: 29570727 PMCID: PMC5892942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Theileria annulata is an apicomplexan parasite that infects and transforms bovine macrophages that disseminate throughout the animal causing a leukaemia-like disease called tropical theileriosis. Using deep RNAseq of T. annulata-infected B cells and macrophages we identify a set of microRNAs induced by infection, whose expression diminishes upon loss of the hyper-disseminating phenotype of virulent transformed macrophages. We describe how infection-induced upregulation of miR-126-5p ablates JIP-2 expression to release cytosolic JNK to translocate to the nucleus and trans-activate AP-1-driven transcription of mmp9 to promote tumour dissemination. In non-disseminating attenuated macrophages miR-126-5p levels drop, JIP-2 levels increase, JNK1 is retained in the cytosol leading to decreased c-Jun phosphorylation and dampened AP-1-driven mmp9 transcription. We show that variation in miR-126-5p levels depends on the tyrosine phosphorylation status of AGO2 that is regulated by Grb2-recruitment of PTP1B. In attenuated macrophages Grb2 levels drop resulting in less PTP1B recruitment, greater AGO2 phosphorylation, less miR-126-5p associated with AGO2 and a consequent rise in JIP-2 levels. Changes in miR-126-5p levels therefore, underpin both the virulent hyper-dissemination and the attenuated dissemination of T. annulata-infected macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malak Haidar
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Inserm U1016, Cnrs UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Zineb Rchiad
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Inserm U1016, Cnrs UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hifzur Rahman Ansari
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fathia Ben-Rached
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahin Tajeri
- Inserm U1016, Cnrs UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Perle Latre De Late
- Inserm U1016, Cnrs UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Gordon Langsley
- Inserm U1016, Cnrs UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Arnab Pain
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, N20 W10 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chakraborty S, Roy S, Mistry HU, Murthy S, George N, Bhandari V, Sharma P. Potential Sabotage of Host Cell Physiology by Apicomplexan Parasites for Their Survival Benefits. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1261. [PMID: 29081773 PMCID: PMC5645534 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Cryptosporidium, Babesia, and Theileria are the major apicomplexan parasites affecting humans or animals worldwide. These pathogens represent an excellent example of host manipulators who can overturn host signaling pathways for their survival. They infect different types of host cells and take charge of the host machinery to gain nutrients and prevent itself from host attack. The mechanisms by which these pathogens modulate the host signaling pathways are well studied for Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Cryptosporidium, and Theileria, except for limited studies on Babesia. Theileria is a unique pathogen taking into account the way it modulates host cell transformation, resulting in its clonal expansion. These parasites majorly modulate similar host signaling pathways, however, the disease outcome and effect is different among them. In this review, we discuss the approaches of these apicomplexan to manipulate the host–parasite clearance pathways during infection, invasion, survival, and egress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonti Roy
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB-DBT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Hiral Uday Mistry
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB-DBT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Shweta Murthy
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB-DBT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Neena George
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB-DBT), Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Paresh Sharma
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB-DBT), Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Latré de Laté P, Pineda M, Harnett M, Harnett W, Besteiro S, Langsley G. Apicomplexan autophagy and modulation of autophagy in parasite-infected host cells. Biomed J 2017; 40:23-30. [PMID: 28411879 PMCID: PMC6138587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Apicomplexan parasites are responsible for a number of important human pathologies. Obviously, as Eukaryotes they share a number of cellular features and pathways with their respective host cells. One of them is autophagy, a process involved in the degradation of the cell's own components. These intracellular parasites nonetheless seem to present a number of original features compared to their very evolutionarily distant host cells. In mammals and other metazoans, autophagy has been identified as an important contributor to the defence against microbial pathogens. Thus, host autophagy also likely plays a key role in the control of apicomplexan parasites, although its potential manipulation and subversion by intracellular parasites creates a complex interplay in the regulation of host and parasite autophagy. In this mini-review, we summarise current knowledge on autophagy in both parasites and their host cells, in the context of infection by three Apicomplexa: Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, and Theileria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Perle Latré de Laté
- Inserm U1016, Cnrs UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France; Comparative Cellbiology of Apicomplexan Parasites, Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Miguel Pineda
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Margaret Harnett
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - William Harnett
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Gordon Langsley
- Inserm U1016, Cnrs UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France; Comparative Cellbiology of Apicomplexan Parasites, Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Britton C. microRNAs-key players in host-parasite interactions. Parasite Immunol 2017; 39. [DOI: 10.1111/pim.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Britton
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine; College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences; University of Glasgow; Glasgow UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cheeseman K, Certad G, Weitzman JB. [Parasites and cancer: is there a causal link?]. Med Sci (Paris) 2016; 32:867-873. [PMID: 27758751 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20163210020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 20 % of cancers have infectious origins, including well-known examples of microbes such as viruses (HPV, EBV) and bacteria (H. pylori). The contribution of intracellular eukaryotic parasites to cancer etiology is largely unexplored. Epidemiological and clinical reports indicate that eukaryotic protozoan, such as intracellular apicomplexan that cause diseases of medical or economic importance, can be linked to various cancers: Theileria and Cryptosporidium induce host cell transformation while Plasmodium was linked epidemiologically to the "African lymphoma belt" over fifty years ago. These intracellular eukaryotic parasites hijack cellular pathways to manipulate the host cell epigenome, cellular machinery, signaling pathways and epigenetic programs and marks, such as methylation and acetylation, for their own benefit. In doing so, they tinker with the same pathways as those deregulated during cancer onset. Here we discuss how epidemiological evidence linking eukaryotic intracellular parasites to cancer onset are further strengthened by recent mechanistic studies in three apicomplexan parasites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Cheeseman
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Epigenetics and cell fate, UMR7216 CNRS, université Paris Diderot, 35, rue Hélène Brion, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Gabriela Certad
- Université Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - centre d'infection et d'immunité de Lille, Lille, France - Faculté de médicine et de maïeutique, université catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jonathan B Weitzman
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Epigenetics and cell fate, UMR7216 CNRS, université Paris Diderot, 35, rue Hélène Brion, 75013 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Luo J, Feng XX, Luo C, Wang Y, Li D, Shu Y, Wang SS, Qin J, Li YC, Zou JM, Tian DA, Zhang GM, Feng ZH. 14,15-EET induces the infiltration and tumor-promoting function of neutrophils to trigger the growth of minimal dormant metastases. Oncotarget 2016; 7:43324-43336. [PMID: 27270316 PMCID: PMC5190026 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infiltrating neutrophils are known to promote in the development of tumor. However, it is unclear whether and how neutrophils are involved in triggering the growth of dormant metastases. Here we show that 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-EET) can trigger the growth of dormant micrometastases by inducing neutrophilic infiltration and converting neutrophil function. 14,15-EET triggered neutrophil infiltration in metastatic lesions by activating STAT3 and JNK pathways to induce the expression of human IL-8 and murine CXCL15 in corresponding tumor cells. The continuous expression of hIL-8/mCXCL15 was maintained by the sustained and enhanced activation of JNK pathway. 14,15-EET up-regulated miR-155 expression by activating STAT3 and JNK pathways. miR-155 in turn down-regulated the expression of SHIP1 and DET1, thus augmenting the activation of JNK and c-Jun. Moreover, the function of neutrophils was converted from tumor-suppressing to tumor-promoting by 14,15-EET in vivo. By inducing the production of G-CSF/IL-6 in vivo, 14,15-EET induced the enhancement of STAT3 activation in neutrophils to increase MMP-9 expression and decrease TRAIL expression. Neutrophil-derived MMP-9 was required for 14,15-EET to induce angiogenesis during the growth of dormant micrometastases. Depleting neutrophils or inhibiting hIL-8/mCXCL15 up-regulation resulted in the failure of 14,15-EET to promote the development of micrometastases. These findings reveal a mechanism through which the infiltration and tumor-promoting function of neutrophils could be induced to trigger the growth of dormant metastases, which might be a driving force for the tumor recurrence based on dormant metastases.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/analogs & derivatives
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Chemokines, CXC/genetics
- Chemokines, CXC/metabolism
- Down-Regulation
- Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/metabolism
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Interleukin-8/genetics
- Interleukin-8/metabolism
- MCF-7 Cells
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Nude
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/pathology
- Neoplasm Micrometastasis/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Neutrophil Infiltration/drug effects
- Neutrophils/metabolism
- Neutrophils/pathology
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Up-Regulation
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Xia Feng
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hongshan, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Shu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Chao Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiu-Ming Zou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - De-An Tian
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hongshan, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Mei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuo-Hua Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Epigenetics: A New Model for Intracellular Parasite–Host Cell Regulation. Trends Parasitol 2016; 32:515-521. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
34
|
Cheeseman K, Weitzman JB. Host–parasite interactions: an intimate epigenetic relationship. Cell Microbiol 2015; 17:1121-32. [DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Cheeseman
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epigenetics and Cell Fate UMR 7216 CNRS Université Paris Diderot Paris France
| | - Jonathan B. Weitzman
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epigenetics and Cell Fate UMR 7216 CNRS Université Paris Diderot Paris France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Theileria-transformed bovine leukocytes have cancer hallmarks. Trends Parasitol 2015; 31:306-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
36
|
Britton C, Winter AD, Marks ND, Gu H, McNeilly TN, Gillan V, Devaney E. Application of small RNA technology for improved control of parasitic helminths. Vet Parasitol 2015; 212:47-53. [PMID: 26095949 PMCID: PMC4535316 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs and siRNAs in helminth post-transcriptional gene regulation are reviewed. Many parasitic helminth miRNAs are unique and developmentally expressed. miRNAs released by parasites have diagnostic potential, particularly for filarial and schistosome spp. Parasite and host miRNAs may regulate immune responses. Improvements to siRNA-mediated gene silencing are important for functional genomics.
Over the last decade microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression. miRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs that regulate a variety of processes including cancer, organ development and immune function. This class of small RNAs bind with partial complementarity to their target mRNA sequences, most often in the 3′UTR, to negatively regulate gene expression. In parasitic helminths, miRNAs are being increasingly studied for their potential roles in development and host-parasite interactions. The availability of genome data, combined with small RNA sequencing, has paved the way to profile miRNAs expressed at particular developmental stages for many parasitic helminths. While some miRNAs are conserved across species, others appear to be unique to specific parasites, suggesting important roles in adaptation and survival in the host environment. Some miRNAs are released from parasites, in exosomes or in protein complexes, and the potential effects of these on host immune function are being increasingly studied. In addition, release of miRNAs from schistosome and filarial parasites into host plasma can be exploited for the development of specific and sensitive diagnostic biomarkers of infection. Interfering with miRNA function, as well as silencing key components of the pathways they regulate, will progress our understanding of parasite development and provide a novel approach to therapeutic control. RNA interference (RNAi) by siRNAs has proven to be inconsistent in parasitic nematodes. However, the recent successes reported for schistosome and liver fluke RNAi, encourage further efforts to enhance delivery of RNA and improve in vitro culture systems and assays to monitor phenotypic effects in nematodes. These improvements are important for the establishment of reliable functional genomic platforms for novel drug and vaccine development. In this review we focus on the important roles of miRNAs and siRNAs in post-transcriptional gene regulation in veterinary parasitic helminths and the potential value of these in parasite diagnosis and control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Collette Britton
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
| | - Alan D Winter
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Neil D Marks
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Henry Gu
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Tom N McNeilly
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Victoria Gillan
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Eileen Devaney
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Marsolier J, Weitzman JB. [How does the apicomplexan parasite Theileria control host cell identity?]. Biol Aujourdhui 2015; 208:311-23. [PMID: 25840458 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2015004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Infectious agents, like bacteria or virus, are responsible for a large number of pathologies in mammals. Microbes have developed mechanisms for interacting with host cell pathways and hijacking cellular machinery to change the phenotypic state. In this review, we focus on an interesting apicomplexan parasite called Theileria. Infection by the tick-transmitted T. annulata parasite causes Tropical Theileriosis in North Africa and Asia, and the related T. parva parasite causes East Coast Fever in Sub-Saharan Africa. This parasite is the only eukaryote known to induce the transformation of its mammalian host cells. Indeed, T. annulata and T. parva infect bovine leukocytes leading to transforming phenotypes, which partially mirror human lymphoma pathologies. Theileria infection causes hyperproliferation, invasiveness and escape from apoptosis, presumably through the manipulation of host cellular pathways. Several host-signaling mechanisms have been implicated. Here we describe the mechanisms involved in parasite-induced transformation phenotypes.
Collapse
|
38
|
Theileria parasites secrete a prolyl isomerase to maintain host leukocyte transformation. Nature 2015; 520:378-82. [PMID: 25624101 PMCID: PMC4401560 DOI: 10.1038/nature14044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Infectious agents develop intricate mechanisms to interact with host cell pathways and hijack the genetic and epigenetic machinery to change phenotypic states. Amongst the Apicomplexa phylum of obligate intracellular parasites which cause veterinary and human diseases, Theileria is the only genus which transforms its mammalian host cells1. Theileria infection of bovine leukocytes induces proliferative and invasive phenotypes associated with activated signalling pathways, notably JNK and AP-12. The transformed phenotypes are reversed by treatment with the theilericidal drug Buparvaquone3. We used comparative genomics to identify a homologue of the Peptidyl Prolyl Isomerase Pin1 (designated TaPin1) in T. annulata which is secreted into the host cell and modulates oncogenic signalling pathways. Here we show that TaPin1 is a bona fide prolyl isomerase and that it interacts with the host ubiquitin ligase FBW7 leading to its degradation and subsequent stabilization of c-Jun which promotes transformation. We performed in vitro analysis and in vivo zebrafish xenograft experiments to demonstrate that TaPin1 is directly inhibited by the anti-parasite drug Buparvaquone (and other known Pin1 inhibitors) and is mutated in a drug-resistant strain. Prolyl isomerisation is thus a conserved mechanism which is important in cancer and is used by Theileria parasites to manipulate host oncogenic signaling.
Collapse
|
39
|
Weitzman MD, Weitzman JB. What's the damage? The impact of pathogens on pathways that maintain host genome integrity. Cell Host Microbe 2014; 15:283-94. [PMID: 24629335 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining genome integrity and transmission of intact genomes is critical for cellular, organismal, and species survival. Cells can detect damaged DNA, activate checkpoints, and either enable DNA repair or trigger apoptosis to eliminate the damaged cell. Aberrations in these mechanisms lead to somatic mutations and genetic instability, which are hallmarks of cancer. Considering the long history of host-microbe coevolution, an impact of microbial infection on host genome integrity is not unexpected, and emerging links between microbial infections and oncogenesis further reinforce this idea. In this review, we compare strategies employed by viruses, bacteria, and parasites to alter, subvert, or otherwise manipulate host DNA damage and repair pathways. We highlight how microbes contribute to tumorigenesis by directly inducing DNA damage, inactivating checkpoint controls, or manipulating repair processes. We also discuss indirect effects resulting from inflammatory responses, changes in cellular metabolism, nuclear architecture, and epigenome integrity, and the associated evolutionary tradeoffs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Weitzman
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Jonathan B Weitzman
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, UMR 7216 CNRS, 75013 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Martin EC, Krebs AE, Burks HE, Elliott S, Baddoo M, Collins-Burow BM, Flemington EK, Burow ME. miR-155 induced transcriptome changes in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line leads to enhanced mitogen activated protein kinase signaling. Genes Cancer 2014; 5:353-64. [PMID: 25352952 PMCID: PMC4209600 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A single microRNA (miRNA) has the potential to regulate thousands of genes and thus govern multiple signaling pathways at once. miR-155 is an oncogenic miRNA which regulates many cellular pathways, designating it as a multifaceted regulator of proliferation, chemo-resistance, and apoptosis. While many singular targeted effects of miR-155 have been defined and an oncogenic role has been attributed to miR-155 expression, the global effect of miR-155 on the cellular transcriptomes of an ER+ breast cancer cell line has yet to be determined. Here we demonstrate that miR-155 expression increases tumorigenesis in vivo and we determine miR-155 mediated transcriptome changes through next generation sequencing analysis. miR-155 expression alters many signaling pathways, with the chief altered pathway being the MAPK signaling cascade and miR-155 induces shortening of target mRNA 3′UTRs and alternative isoform expression of MAPK related genes. In addition there is an observed increase in protein phosphorylation of components of MAPK signaling including ERK1/2 and AP-1 complex members (Fra-1 and c-Fos) as well as elevated gene expression of MAPK regulated genes Zeb1, Snail, Plaur, and SerpinE1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Martin
- Department of Medicine-Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Adrienne E Krebs
- Department of Medicine-Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Hope E Burks
- Department of Medicine-Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Steven Elliott
- Department of Medicine-Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Melody Baddoo
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA ; Department of Pathology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Bridgette M Collins-Burow
- Department of Medicine-Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Erik K Flemington
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA ; Department of Pathology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Matthew E Burow
- Department of Medicine-Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA ; Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA ; Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Martin EC, Rhodes LV, Elliott S, Krebs AE, Nephew KP, Flemington EK, Collins-Burow BM, Burow ME. microRNA regulation of mammalian target of rapamycin expression and activity controls estrogen receptor function and RAD001 sensitivity. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:229. [PMID: 25283550 PMCID: PMC4203920 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is regulated by 17α-estradiol (E2) signaling and mediates E2-induced proliferation and progesterone receptor (PgR) expression in breast cancer. Methods and results Here we use deep sequencing analysis of previously published data from The Cancer Genome Atlas to demonstrate that expression of a key component of mTOR signaling, rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (Rictor), positively correlated with an estrogen receptor-α positive (ERα+) breast tumor signature. Through increased microRNA-155 (miR-155) expression in the ERα+ breast cancer cells we demonstrate repression of Rictor enhanced activation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling with both qPCR and western blot. miR-155-mediated mTOR signaling resulted in deregulated ERα signaling both in cultured cells in vitro and in xenografts in vivo in addition to repressed PgR expression and activity. Furthermore we observed that miR-155 enhanced mTORC1 signaling (observed through western blot for increased phosphorylation on mTOR S2448) and induced inhibition of mTORC2 signaling (evident through repressed Rictor and tuberous sclerosis 1 (TSC1) gene expression). mTORC1 induced deregulation of E2 signaling was confirmed using qPCR and the mTORC1-specific inhibitor RAD001. Co-treatment of MCF7 breast cancer cells stably overexpressing miR-155 with RAD001 and E2 restored E2-induced PgR gene expression. RAD001 treatment of SCID/CB17 mice inhibited E2-induced tumorigenesis of the MCF7 miR-155 overexpressing cell line. Finally we demonstrated a strong positive correlation between Rictor and PgR expression and a negative correlation with Raptor expression in Luminal B breast cancer samples, a breast cancer histological subtype known for having an altered ERα-signaling pathway. Conclusions miRNA mediated alterations in mTOR and ERα signaling establishes a new mechanism for altered estrogen responses independent of growth factor stimulation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1476-4598-13-229) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Matthew E Burow
- Department of Medicine-Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
microRNAs of parasitic helminths - Identification, characterization and potential as drug targets. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2014; 4:85-94. [PMID: 25057458 PMCID: PMC4095049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Importance of microRNAs in helminth post-transcriptional gene regulation is reviewed. Increasing helminth miRNA data are available from deep sequencing. Some miRNAs are helminth-specific, many are novel to each species. miRNAs may regulate parasite and host gene expression. Uptake of miRNA inhibitors and mimics is feasible for functional analysis.
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. They were first identified in the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, where the miRNAs lin-4 and let-7 were shown to be essential for regulating correct developmental progression. The sequence of let-7 was subsequently found to be conserved in higher organisms and changes in expression of let-7, as well as other miRNAs, are associated with certain cancers, indicating important regulatory roles. Some miRNAs have been shown to have essential functions, but the roles of many are currently unknown. With the increasing availability of genome sequence data, miRNAs have now been identified from a number of parasitic helminths, by deep sequencing of small RNA libraries and bioinformatic approaches. While some miRNAs are widely conserved in a range of organisms, others are helminth-specific and many are novel to each species. Here we review the potential roles of miRNAs in regulating helminth development, in interacting with the host environment and in development of drug resistance. Use of fluorescently-labeled small RNAs demonstrates uptake by parasites, at least in vitro. Therefore delivery of miRNA inhibitors or mimics has potential to alter miRNA activity, providing a useful tool for probing the roles of miRNAs and suggesting novel routes to therapeutics for parasite control.
Collapse
|
43
|
Ma M, Baumgartner M. Intracellular Theileria annulata promote invasive cell motility through kinase regulation of the host actin cytoskeleton. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004003. [PMID: 24626571 PMCID: PMC3953445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The intracellular, protozoan Theileria species parasites are the only eukaryotes known to transform another eukaryotic cell. One consequence of this parasite-dependent transformation is the acquisition of motile and invasive properties of parasitized cells in vitro and their metastatic dissemination in the animal, which causes East Coast Fever (T. parva) or Tropical Theileriosis (T. annulata). These motile and invasive properties of infected host cells are enabled by parasite-dependent, poorly understood F-actin dynamics that control host cell membrane protrusions. Herein, we dissected functional and structural alterations that cause acquired motility and invasiveness of T. annulata-infected cells, to understand the molecular basis driving cell dissemination in Tropical Theileriosis. We found that chronic induction of TNFα by the parasite contributes to motility and invasiveness of parasitized host cells. We show that TNFα does so by specifically targeting expression and function of the host proto-oncogenic ser/thr kinase MAP4K4. Blocking either TNFα secretion or MAP4K4 expression dampens the formation of polar, F-actin-rich invasion structures and impairs cell motility in 3D. We identified the F-actin binding ERM family proteins as MAP4K4 downstream effectors in this process because TNFα-induced ERM activation and cell invasiveness are sensitive to MAP4K4 depletion. MAP4K4 expression in infected cells is induced by TNFα-JNK signalling and maintained by the inhibition of translational repression, whereby both effects are parasite dependent. Thus, parasite-induced TNFα promotes invasive motility of infected cells through the activation of MAP4K4, an evolutionary conserved kinase that controls cytoskeleton dynamics and cell motility. Hence, MAP4K4 couples inflammatory signaling to morphodynamic processes and cell motility, a process exploited by the intracellular Theileria parasite to increase its host cell's dissemination capabilities. The protozoan parasite Theileria annulata causes the often fatal leukoproliferative disorder Tropical Theileriosis in their ruminant host animals, which is the result of widespread dissemination and proliferation of cytokine secreting, parasite-infected cells. This host cell behavior is induced by and dependent on the intracellular presence of the parasite and is reminiscent of metastatic dissemination of human cancer cells. We investigated how the intracellular parasite modulates cell motility and invasiveness, to better understand the pathogenesis of Tropical Theileriosis and to reveal conserved mechanisms of eukaryotic cell motility regulation. We found that the parasite drives host cell motility and invasiveness through the induction and activation of the host cell protein MAP4K4. We show that MAP4K4 induction is driven by the inflammatory cytokine TNFα and causes dynamic changes in the cytoskeleton of the host cell that facilitate cell motility. Thus, our findings reveal how the intracellular Theileria parasite can influence morphology and behavior of its host cell in a way that suits its propagation and highlight a novel function of chronic TNFα production for the pathogenesis of Tropical Theileriosis. Furthermore, our study revealed a novel aspect of inflammatory cytokine action, namely cell mobilization through the induction of the evolutionary conserved protein kinase MAP4K4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Ma
- Neuro-Oncology, Experimental Infectious Diseases and Cancer Research, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Molecular Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Baumgartner
- Neuro-Oncology, Experimental Infectious Diseases and Cancer Research, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Molecular Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Medjkane S, Weitzman JB. A reversible Warburg effect is induced by Theileria parasites to transform host leukocytes. Cell Cycle 2014; 12:2167-8. [PMID: 23803730 PMCID: PMC3755061 DOI: 10.4161/cc.25540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
|
45
|
Cannella D, Brenier-Pinchart MP, Braun L, van Rooyen J, Bougdour A, Bastien O, Behnke M, Curt RL, Curt A, Saeij J, Sibley L, Pelloux H, Hakimi MA. miR-146a and miR-155 Delineate a MicroRNA Fingerprint Associated with Toxoplasma Persistence in the Host Brain. Cell Rep 2014; 6:928-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
46
|
Wang Z, Filgueiras LR, Wang S, Serezani APM, Peters-Golden M, Jancar S, Serezani CH. Leukotriene B4 enhances the generation of proinflammatory microRNAs to promote MyD88-dependent macrophage activation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:2349-56. [PMID: 24477912 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are known to control TLR activation in phagocytes. We have shown that leukotriene (LT) B4 (LTB4) positively regulates macrophage MyD88 expression by decreasing suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) mRNA stability. In this study, we investigated the possibility that LTB4 control of MyD88 expression involves the generation of microRNAs. Our data show that LTB4, via its receptor B leukotriene receptor 1 (BLT1) and Gαi signaling, increased macrophage expression of inflammatory microRNAs, including miR-155, miR-146b, and miR-125b. LTB4-mediated miR-155 generation was attributable to activating protein-1 activation. Furthermore, macrophage transfection with antagomirs against miR-155 and miR-146b prevented both the LTB4-mediated decrease in SOCS-1 and increase in MyD88. Transfection with miR-155 and miR-146b mimics decreased SOCS-1 levels, increased MyD88 expression, and restored TLR4 responsiveness in both wild type and LT-deficient macrophages. To our knowledge, our data unveil a heretofore unrecognized role for the GPCR BLT1 in controlling expression of microRNAs that regulate MyD88-dependent activation of macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Marsolier J, Medjkane S, Perichon M, Weitzman J. Ki67 Immunofluorescence on Bovine Cell Lines. Bio Protoc 2013. [DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
|