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Špičáková A, Kraus P, Gucký T, Kryštof V, Strnad M, Bazgier V, Otyepka M, Kubíčková V, Poruba M, Rácová Z, Zapletalová I, Anzenbacher P. In vitro and in silico studies of interaction of synthetic 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine kinase inhibitors BPA-302, BP-21 and BP-117 with liver drug-metabolizing cytochromes P450. Physiol Res 2020; 69:S627-S636. [PMID: 33646005 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An evaluation of possible interactions with enzymes of drug metabolism (cytochromes P450, CYP) is an important part of studies on safety and, in general, on the properties of any drug or biologically active compound. The article is focused on the preliminary metabolic study of selected 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine kinase inhibitors with significant anticancer activities which we have developed. The compounds BP-21 and BP-117 represent strong CDK inhibitors and the compound BPA-302 was developed as selective FLT3-ITD kinase inhibitor. Here, emphasis is placed on interactions of these compounds with the nine most important forms of CYP to evaluate the possibility of inhibition of these enzymes. The possibility of their inhibitory effect was studied in vitro on selected human liver microsomal CYP enzymes. The most affected enzyme was CYP2C19. Its activity dropped to 22 % of its original value by BPA 302, to 13 % by BP-21 and to 6 % by BP-117 at the highest concentration tested (250 µmol·l(-1)). The results suggest that the metabolism of concomitantly administered drugs should not be significantly affected at lower doses. Molecular docking of BPA-302 indicated that it can bind to active site of both CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 enzymes above the heme cofactor corroborating the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Špičáková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Špičáková A, Szotáková B, Dimunová D, Myslivečková Z, Kubíček V, Ambrož M, Lněničková K, Krasulová K, Anzenbacher P, Skálová L. Nerolidol and Farnesol Inhibit Some Cytochrome P450 Activities but Did Not Affect Other Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes in Rat and Human Hepatic Subcellular Fractions. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040509. [PMID: 28338641 PMCID: PMC6154719 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpenes, 15-carbon compounds formed from three isoprenoid units, are the main components of plant essential oils. Sesquiterpenes occur in human food, but they are principally taken as components of many folk medicines and dietary supplements. The aim of our study was to test and compare the potential inhibitory effect of acyclic sesquiterpenes, trans-nerolidol, cis-nerolidol and farnesol, on the activities of the main xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in rat and human liver in vitro. Rat and human subcellular fractions, relatively specific substrates, corresponding coenzymes and HPLC, spectrophotometric or spectrofluorometric analysis of product formation were used. The results showed significant inhibition of cytochromes P450 (namely CYP1A, CYP2B and CYP3A subfamilies) activities by all tested sesquiterpenes in rat as well as in human hepatic microsomes. On the other hand, all tested sesquiterpenes did not significantly affect the activities of carbonyl-reducing enzymes and conjugation enzymes. The results indicate that acyclic sesquiterpenes might affect CYP1A, CYP2B and CYP3A mediated metabolism of concurrently administered drugs and other xenobiotics. The possible drug-sesquiterpene interactions should be verified in in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Špičáková
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, Hněvotínská 3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Szotáková
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Diana Dimunová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Zuzana Myslivečková
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladimír Kubíček
- Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Ambrož
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Kateřina Lněničková
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Kristýna Krasulová
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, Hněvotínská 3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Anzenbacher
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, Hněvotínská 3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Skálová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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Šiller M, Anzenbacher P, Anzenbacherová E, Doležal K, Strnad M. In vitrointeraction of a novel neutrophil growth factor with human liver microsomal cytochromes P450 and the contribution of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases to its metabolism. Xenobiotica 2011; 41:934-44. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2011.593209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Mašek V, Anzenbacherová E, Etrych T, Strohalm J, Ulbrich K, Anzenbacher P. Interaction of N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide Copolymer-Doxorubicin Conjugates with Human Liver Microsomal Cytochromes P450: Comparison with Free Doxorubicin. Drug Metab Dispos 2011; 39:1704-10. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.110.037986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Nekvindová J, Masek V, Veinlichová A, Anzenbacherová E, Anzenbacher P, Zídek Z, Holý A. Inhibition of human liver microsomal cytochrome P450 activities by adefovir and tenofovir. Xenobiotica 2009; 36:1165-77. [PMID: 17162464 DOI: 10.1080/00498250600839344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Adefovir (PMEA) and tenofovir (PMPA) and their prodrugs, adefovir dipivoxil (bisPOM-PMEA) and tenofovir disoproxil (bisPOC-PMPA), were subjected to a detailed study of their potential to inhibit the activities of human liver microsomal cytochromes P450 (CYP). The inhibition of marker enzyme activities of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 was examined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or spectroscopic (fluorescence, luminescence) detection. Adefovir and adefovir dipivoxil did not significantly influence activities of most CYP enzymes. The activity of CYP3A4 was inhibited by adefovir dipivoxil at concentrations over 100 microM. Adefovir and its prodrug inhibited CYP2C9 at concentrations below 100 microM; inhibition by adefovir was of the uncompetitive (at the lower inhibitor concentrations) or of the competitive nature with a Ki = 420 microM. Tenofovir and tenofovir disoproxil influenced the activity of CYP2C9, and competitive inhibition was found with Ki = 580 and 395 microM, respectively. Tenofovir disoproxil was shown to inhibit microsomal CYP2E1 activities by a mixed-type inhibition with Ki values at about 140 microM. The results indicate the possibility of an influence of the compounds tested on the respective CYP activities when used at high doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nekvindová
- Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Siller M, Anzenbacher P, Anzenbacherova E, Dolezal K, Popa I, Strnad M. Interactions of Olomoucine II with Human Liver Microsomal Cytochromes P450. Drug Metab Dispos 2009; 37:1198-202. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.108.025502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Jancová P, Anzenbacherová E, Papousková B, Lemr K, Luzná P, Veinlichová A, Anzenbacher P, Simánek V. Silybin is metabolized by cytochrome P450 2C8 in vitro. Drug Metab Dispos 2007; 35:2035-9. [PMID: 17670841 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.107.016410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Silybin (a flavonolignan, the main component of silymarin, an extract from the seeds of Silybum marianum) has been used to date mostly as a hepatoprotectant. However, it also has other interesting activities, e.g., anticancer and hypocholesterolemic effects. It is also known that silybin can inhibit the activities of the cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes. In this study, a weak interaction of silybin with human microsomal CYP2E1, 2A6, 2B6, 2C19, and 2D6 (IC(50) > or = 250 microM) was found; a moderate inhibition was observed for CYP1A2 and 2C8. The most prominent inhibition effect was found with CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 (IC(50) < or = 50 microM). Using mass spectometry detection, production of O-demethylated (the main metabolite) as well as hydroxylated derivatives of silybin formed by P450 enzymes was detected. The effect of different P450 inhibitors on the formation of O-demethylated product was also studied. In particular, a relatively specific inhibitor of CYP2C8 (quercetin) markedly inhibited the formation of this metabolite. With the help of recombinant enzymes (bactosomes), it was confirmed that the CYP2C8 enzyme is responsible for the reaction leading to O-demethylated silybin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Jancová
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Palacky University at Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Zuber R, Modrianský M, Dvorák Z, Rohovský P, Ulrichová J, Simánek V, Anzenbacher P. Effect of silybin and its congeners on human liver microsomal cytochrome P450 activities. Phytother Res 2002; 16:632-8. [PMID: 12410543 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Silybin and related flavonolignans form a major part of the Silybum marianum extract, silymarin, which has been used to treat liver diseases for hundreds of years. Although regarded as safe, many of the extract constituents remain thus far untested for their possible effects on liver biotransformation enzymes. Cytochromes P450 (CYP) are very important in this regard. We tested the effect of four flavonolignans: silybin, its hemisynthetic derivative dehydrosilybin, silydianin, and silycristin on three specific CYP activities: bufuralol 1'-hydroxylation (CYP2D6), p-nitrophenol hydroxylation (CYP2E1), and nifedipine oxidation (CYP3A4). All flavonolignans displayed dose-dependent inhibition of these activities with IC(50) values in the micromolar range. The inhibition was competitive or mixed as revealed by double reciprocal plots of kinetic experiments. However, the inhibition is not considered to be relevant for therapy because physiological concentrations of the individual flavonolignans do not exceed 0.5 microM. The data support the use of the extract as a dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Zuber
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nám. Cs. Legií 565, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
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