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Kwon D, Park N, Wy S, Lee D, Park W, Chai HH, Cho IC, Lee J, Kwon K, Kim H, Moon Y, Kim J, Kim J. Identification and characterization of structural variants related to meat quality in pigs using chromosome-level genome assemblies. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:299. [PMID: 38515031 PMCID: PMC10956321 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have been performed to identify various genomic loci and genes associated with the meat quality in pigs. However, the full genetic architecture of the trait still remains unclear in part because of the lack of accurate identification of related structural variations (SVs) which resulted from the shortage of target breeds, the limitations of sequencing data, and the incompleteness of genome assemblies. The recent generation of a new pig breed with superior meat quality, called Nanchukmacdon, and its chromosome-level genome assembly (the NCMD assembly) has provided new opportunities. RESULTS By applying assembly-based SV calling approaches to various genome assemblies of pigs including Nanchukmacdon, the impact of SVs on meat quality was investigated. Especially, by checking the commonality of SVs with other pig breeds, a total of 13,819 Nanchukmacdon-specific SVs (NSVs) were identified, which have a potential effect on the unique meat quality of Nanchukmacdon. The regulatory potentials of NSVs for the expression of nearby genes were further examined using transcriptome- and epigenome-based analyses in different tissues. CONCLUSIONS Whole-genome comparisons based on chromosome-level genome assemblies have led to the discovery of SVs affecting meat quality in pigs, and their regulatory potentials were analyzed. The identified NSVs will provide new insights regarding genetic architectures underlying the meat quality in pigs. Finally, this study confirms the utility of chromosome-level genome assemblies and multi-omics analysis to enhance the understanding of unique phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehong Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayoung Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyeon Wy
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehwan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Woncheoul Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Ha Chai
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Cheol Cho
- Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju, 63242, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisang Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngbeen Moon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaebum Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Zuccolo V, Rego FM, Hughes E, Griffiths AM. Endangered shark species traded as "cação" in São Paulo during the COVID-19 lockdown: DNA-barcoding a snapshot of products. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9985-9992. [PMID: 37898957 PMCID: PMC10676306 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08876-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elasmobranch populations are declining, predominantly driven by overfishing, and over a third of global sharks, rays, and chimeras are estimated to be threatened with extinction. In terms of trade, Brazil is ranked the eleventh-largest shark producer and the top importer of shark meat in the world. Research has shown that elasmobranchs are sold in Brazil under the name "cação" (a generic designation for cartilaginous fish) to overcome consumer resistance. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS This study used DNA barcoding to investigate the sale of sharks in the State of São Paulo during the COVID-19 lockdown. A total of 35 samples of "cação" were analysed, revealing six different shark species on sale, including Carcharhinus falciformis, Carcharhinus signatus, Carcharias taurus, Isurus oxyrinchus, and Isurus paucus, that are threatened with extinction according to the IUCN red list. This study demonstrates that vulnerable elasmobranchs are being commercialised under the label "cação" in the São Paulo State and Brazil. CONCLUSIONS Comparison of shark products traded before and during the COVID-19 pandemic showed no significant difference, suggesting lockdown did not affect patterns of species commercialisation. Effective fisheries and sale monitoring, correct product labelling legislation and increased consumer awareness that "cação" is shark are needed for appropriate conservation and management of shark populations in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Zuccolo
- Hatherly Laboratories, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter, Devon, UK.
| | | | - Emily Hughes
- Hatherly Laboratories, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Andrew M Griffiths
- Hatherly Laboratories, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter, Devon, UK
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Vega-Barba C, Páez-Osuna F, Galván-Magaña F, Baró-Camarasa I, Aguilar-Palomino B, Galván-Piña VH, Marmolejo-Rodríguez AJ. Trace elements in the silky shark Carcharhinus falciformis in the Central Pacific Mexican Shelf. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114263. [PMID: 36327932 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) concentrations were determined in muscle, liver and fin of the silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis) caught in the Central Pacific Mexican Shelf. Liver tissue presented the highest concentrations of Cd (2.83 μg g-1 wet weight (ww)) and Cu (2.34 μg g-1 ww). For muscle and fin, Cu presented the highest concentrations (0.97 and 1.80 μg g-1 ww, respectively). Liver concentrations were influenced by the maturation stages for the three elements. Immature organisms exhibited lower trace element concentrations than adults. No significant differences were found between sexes, except for Cu concentrations in muscle, where adult females present higher levels than adult males. One muscle sample (2.3 %) exceeded the Mexican Legislation for Hg (1.0 μg g-1 ww) and five muscles samples (11.6 %) exceeded the Mexican limit for Cd (0.5 μg g-1 ww). Meat consumption of this species can be a risk to human health if it is ingested regularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Vega-Barba
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico
| | - Federico Páez-Osuna
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, P.O. Box 811, Mazatlán 82000, Sinaloa, Mexico; Miembro de El Colegio de Sinaloa, Antonio Rosales 435 pte., Centro Histórico, C.P. 80000 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico
| | - Isis Baró-Camarasa
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico
| | - Bernabé Aguilar-Palomino
- Departamento de Estudios para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Zonas Costeras, Universidad de Guadalajara, Gómez Farías 82, San Patricio-Melaque, Jalisco C.P. 48980, Mexico
| | - Víctor Hugo Galván-Piña
- Departamento de Estudios para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Zonas Costeras, Universidad de Guadalajara, Gómez Farías 82, San Patricio-Melaque, Jalisco C.P. 48980, Mexico
| | - Ana J Marmolejo-Rodríguez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico.
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Castro-Rendón RD, Calle-Morán MD, García-Arévalo I, Ordiano-Flores A, Galván-Magaña F. Mercury and Cadmium Concentrations in Muscle Tissue of the Blue Shark (Prionace glauca) in the Central Eastern Pacific Ocean. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3400-3411. [PMID: 34599733 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Blue sharks (Prionace glauca) are an important resource in Ecuador's fisheries; however, biological and ecological information of this species in the area is scarce. The goal of this study was to determine Hg and Cd concentration levels in muscle tissue, as well as its relationship with size, sex, and sexual maturity stages. A total of 80 specimens (34 females and 46 males) collected from the Ecuadorian longline fishing fleet between June and December 2012 were examined. Sizes for females ranged from 97 to 280 cm total length, with values of Hg between 0.20 to 2.38 mg kg-1 wet weight (x̄ = 0.71, ± 0.61) and values of Cd between 0.01 and 0.12 mg kg-1 (x̄ = 0.04, ± 0.02). Sizes for males ranged from 137 to 290 cm TL with values of Hg between 0.17 and 2.94 mg kg-1 (x̄ = 0.81, ± 0.68) and Cd concentrations between 0.01 and 0.12 mg kg-1 (x̄ = 0.04, ± 0.03). A Spearman's rank correlation showed a medium positive association between TL and Hg concentrations (ρ = 0.66; p < 0.05), but there was no correlation between TL and Cd concentrations (ρ = 0.00, p < 0.05). Of the analyzed sharks, 46% and 20% had Hg and Cd concentrations, respectively, greater than the limit established by authorities for fishes consumed by humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén D Castro-Rendón
- Facultad de Artes Y Ciencias Liberales, Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo (UEES), Escuela de Ciencias Ambientales, Km 2.5 vía La Puntilla, C.P. 092301, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Marcos D Calle-Morán
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Con Mención en Recursos Acuáticos, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Clausen S/N, C.P. 82000, Mazatlán, Mexico
| | - Isabel García-Arévalo
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Con Mención en Recursos Acuáticos, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Clausen S/N, C.P. 82000, Mazatlán, Mexico
- Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Des Contaminants Métalliques, Ifremer, Centre Atlantique, 44311 Cedex 3, Nantes, France
| | - Alfredo Ordiano-Flores
- Centro de Investigación Y Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, C.P, Mexico
| | - Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n. C.P. 23096, La Paz, Mexico.
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