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McCraw DM, Myers ML, Gulati NM, Prabhakaran M, Brand J, Andrews S, Gallagher JR, Maldonado-Puga S, Kim AJ, Torian U, Syeda H, Boyoglu-Barnum S, Kanekiyo M, McDermott AB, Harris AK. Designed nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive antibody responses to conserved influenza virus hemagglutinin stem epitopes. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011514. [PMID: 37639457 PMCID: PMC10491405 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of seasonal vaccines and antiviral medications, influenza virus continues to be a major health concern and pandemic threat due to the continually changing antigenic regions of the major surface glycoprotein, hemagglutinin (HA). One emerging strategy for the development of more efficacious seasonal and universal influenza vaccines is structure-guided design of nanoparticles that display conserved regions of HA, such as the stem. Using the H1 HA subtype to establish proof of concept, we found that tandem copies of an alpha-helical fragment from the conserved stem region (helix-A) can be displayed on the protruding spikes structures of a capsid scaffold. The stem region of HA on these designed chimeric nanoparticles is immunogenic and the nanoparticles are biochemically robust in that heat exposure did not destroy the particles and immunogenicity was retained. Furthermore, mice vaccinated with H1-nanoparticles were protected from lethal challenge with H1N1 influenza virus. By using a nanoparticle library approach with this helix-A nanoparticle design, we show that this vaccine nanoparticle construct design could be applicable to different influenza HA subtypes. Importantly, antibodies elicited by H1, H5, and H7 nanoparticles demonstrated homosubtypic and heterosubtypic cross-reactivity binding to different HA subtypes. Also, helix-A nanoparticle immunizations were used to isolate mouse monoclonal antibodies that demonstrated heterosubtypic cross-reactivity and provided protection to mice from viral challenge via passive-transfer. This tandem helix-A nanoparticle construct represents a novel design to display several hundred copies of non-trimeric conserved HA stem epitopes on vaccine nanoparticles. This design concept provides a new approach to universal influenza vaccine development strategies and opens opportunities for the development of nanoparticles with broad coverage over many antigenically diverse influenza HA subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin M. McCraw
- Structural Informatics Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mallory L. Myers
- Structural Informatics Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Neetu M. Gulati
- Structural Informatics Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Madhu Prabhakaran
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joshua Brand
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sarah Andrews
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - John R. Gallagher
- Structural Informatics Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Samantha Maldonado-Puga
- Structural Informatics Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alexander J. Kim
- Structural Informatics Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Udana Torian
- Structural Informatics Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hubza Syeda
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Adrian B. McDermott
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Audray K. Harris
- Structural Informatics Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Induction of Humoral and Cellular Immunity by Intradermal Delivery of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Using Dissolvable Microneedles. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:5531220. [PMID: 34056008 PMCID: PMC8130907 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5531220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleocapsid protein (NP) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) contains immunogenic epitopes that can induce cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) against viral infection. This makes the nucleocapsid protein a suitable candidate for developing a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection. This article reports the intradermal delivery of NP antigen using dissolvable microneedle skin patches that could induce both significant B cell and T cell responses.
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Liu Y, Huang X, Niu Z, Wang D, Gou H, Liao Q, Xi K, An Z, Jia X. Photo-induced ultralong phosphorescence of carbon dots for thermally sensitive dynamic patterning. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8199-8206. [PMID: 34194710 PMCID: PMC8208321 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01394g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive films with a dynamic long afterglow feature have received considerable attention in the field of optical materials. Herein, we report the unique dynamic ultralong room temperature phosphorescence (URTP) in flexible solid films made of luminescent carbon dots (CDs) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Impressively, fully reversible photo-activation and thermal deactivation of the dynamic long afterglow was achieved in this material, with a lifetime on-off ratio exceeding 3900. Subsequently, ultra-fine URTP patterns (resolution > 1280 dpi) with thermally sensitive retention time were readily photo-printed onto the films and utilized as time-temperature indicating logistics labels with multi-editing capacity. These findings not only enrich the library of dynamic URTP materials, but also extend the scope of the potential applications of luminescent CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Road Nanjing 210023 China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Zuoji Niu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Dongni Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Huilin Gou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Qiaobo Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Kai Xi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Xudong Jia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Road Nanjing 210023 China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Road Nanjing 210023 China
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4
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Dadari IK, Zgibor JC. How the use of vaccines outside the cold chain or in controlled temperature chain contributes to improving immunization coverage in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): A scoping review of the literature. J Glob Health 2021; 11:04004. [PMID: 33692889 PMCID: PMC7915947 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.11.04004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most vaccines are recommended for storage at temperatures of +2°C to +8°C to maintain potency. Immunization supply chain bottlenecks constraints reaching populations with life-saving vaccines. The World Health Organization permits the use of vaccines outside the cold chain as "controlled temperature chain (CTC)" upon meeting certain conditions and has set targets to license more vaccines CTC by 2020. Objectives This scoping review aims to explore and synthesize the evidence in the literature on how the use of vaccines outside the cold chain or in a controlled temperature chain increases immunization coverage in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), with a focus on the timelines of the Global Vaccine Action Plan (2011-2020). Methods A systematic search of three online databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) due to their broad coverage of global health sciences retrieved 173 original peer-reviewed articles, of which 13 were included in the review having met our inclusion criteria. Results The majority of the studies were conducted in Africa (n = 9), followed by Asia (n = 3), and the least in the Pacific (n = 1). The different study designs captured included four non-randomized trials, three randomized trials, two simulation models, two cross-sectional studies, and one cohort study. Reported benefits included increased coverage, logistical ease, cost savings while vaccines remain potent. Conclusion Currently, only two vaccines have been licensed to be stored CTC. More needs to be done to get additional vaccines licensed for CTC and disseminate operational guidance to operationalize its use in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim K Dadari
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,United Nations Children's Fund, Pacific Office, Solomon Islands
| | - Janice C Zgibor
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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5
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Kuwentrai C, Yu J, Rong L, Zhang BZ, Hu YF, Gong HR, Dou Y, Deng J, Huang JD, Xu C. Intradermal delivery of receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with dissolvable microneedles to induce humoral and cellular responses in mice. Bioeng Transl Med 2020; 6:e10202. [PMID: 33349797 PMCID: PMC7744900 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The S1 subunit of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) spike protein contains an immunogenic receptor‐binding domain (RBD), which is a promising candidate for the development of a potential vaccine. This study demonstrated that intradermal delivery of an S‐RBD vaccine using a dissolvable microneedle skin patch can induce both significant B‐cell and significant T‐cell responses against S‐RBD. Importantly, the outcomes were comparable to that of conventional bolus injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaiyaporn Kuwentrai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Li Rong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Bao-Zhong Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.,Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - Ye-Fan Hu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.,Department of Medicine University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong China
| | - Hua-Rui Gong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Ying Dou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Jian Deng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.,Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
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Bogale HA, Amhare AF, Bogale AA. Assessment of factors affecting vaccine cold chain management practice in public health institutions in east Gojam zone of Amhara region. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1433. [PMID: 31675948 PMCID: PMC6824010 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7786-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Maintaining quality of vaccines is one of the main challenges of immunization programs in Ethiopia. The objective of this study is to assess the factor affecting vaccine cold chain management practice in immunization health institutions in East Gojam zone of Amhara region, Ethiopia. Method An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2017 in ten districts of East Gojam zone of Amhara Region. Descriptive statistics and Logistic regression analysis were carried out to identify factors related to the practice of cold chain management. Result Among 60 health institutions, only 46(76.7%) had functional refrigerators. Twenty-one (35%) had a functional generator for backup service and 28(46.6%) had a car/motorbike for transportation of vaccines in case of refrigerator/power failure. Twenty-nine (48.3%) had known the correct vaccine storage temperature (2 °C – 8 °C) in the refrigerator and the results of this study revealed that only 23(38.3%) of respondents had sufficient knowledge about vaccine cold chain management. The finding of this study also revealed that 35(58.3%) had appropriate vaccine cold chain management practice and the rest 25(41.7%) had inappropriate practice. Logistic regression showed us the knowledge gap and profession were significantly associated with vaccine cold chain management practice at P < 0.05. Conclusion This study indicates that there was a knowledge gap of health workers who are working on cold chain management. There is an urgent need to improve knowledge and practice on cold chain management through improved supervision and training at a different level of health care system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewan Adam Bogale
- Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI), Pharmaceutical supply chain, regional coordinator on Child Survival, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Alemtsehay Adam Bogale
- Department of Pharmacy, Addis Ababa health bureau, Mesheualekia health center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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7
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Lim J, Tahk D, Yu J, Min DH, Jeon NL. Design rules for a tunable merged-tip microneedle. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2018; 4:29. [PMID: 31057917 PMCID: PMC6220166 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-018-0028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This publication proposes the use of an elasto-capillarity-driven self-assembly for fabricating a microscale merged-tip structure out of a variety of biocompatible UV-curable polymers for use as a microneedle platform. In addition, the novel merged-tip microstructure constitutes a new class of microneedles, which incorporates the convergence of biocompatible polymer micropillars, leading to the formation of a sharp tip and an open cavity capable of both liquid trapping and volume control. When combined with biocompatible photopolymer micropillar arrays fabricated with photolithography, elasto-capillarity-driven self-assembly provides a means for producing a complex microneedle-like structure without the use of micromolding or micromachining. This publication also explores and defines the design rules by which several fabrication aspects, such as micropillar dimensions, shapes, pattern array configurations, and materials, can be manipulated to produce a customizable microneedle array with controllable cavity volumes, fracture points, and merge profiles. In addition, the incorporation of a modular through-hole micropore membrane base was also investigated as a method for constitutive payload delivery and fluid-sampling functionalities. The flexibility and fabrication simplicity of the merged-tip microneedle platform holds promise in transdermal drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungeun Lim
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
- Division of WCU Multiscale Mechanical Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Dongha Tahk
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
- Division of WCU Multiscale Mechanical Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
- Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - James Yu
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Dal-Hee Min
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Noo Li Jeon
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
- Division of WCU Multiscale Mechanical Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
- Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
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8
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Kosari S, Walker EJ, Anderson C, Peterson GM, Naunton M, Castillo Martinez E, Garg S, Thomas J. Power outages and refrigerated medicines: The need for better guidelines, awareness and planning. J Clin Pharm Ther 2018; 43:737-739. [PMID: 29900564 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Vaccines and other pharmaceuticals are essential medical supplies that require continuous storage at specific temperatures to maintain viability. Power outages can lead to a break in the cold chain, resulting in the degradation of essential medicines. COMMENT After a power outage, the stability of vaccines and other medicines can be difficult to ascertain. Many public health guidelines therefore recommend discarding potentially compromised pharmaceuticals unless the cold chain can be guaranteed-a costly endeavour. There are government guidelines aimed at minimizing exposure to high temperatures in the event of a power outage; however, the usefulness of these guidelines is uncertain. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION The actual cost of vaccine and pharmaceutical loss due to a break in the cold chain is poorly studied and requires further research. Additional recommendations regarding the stability of specific medicines would also be a valuable resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kosari
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - E J Walker
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - C Anderson
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - G M Peterson
- Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - M Naunton
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - E Castillo Martinez
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - S Garg
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - J Thomas
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
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Phillips DE, Dieleman JL, Lim SS, Shearer J. Determinants of effective vaccine coverage in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review and interpretive synthesis. BMC Health Serv Res 2017; 17:681. [PMID: 28950899 PMCID: PMC5615444 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-017-2626-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many children in low and middle-income countries remain unvaccinated, and vaccines do not always produce immunity. Extensive research has sought to understand why, but most studies have been limited in breadth and depth. This study documents existing evidence on determinants of vaccination and immunization and presents a conceptual framework of determinants. METHODS We used systematic review, content analysis, thematic analysis and interpretive synthesis to document and analyze the existing evidence on determinants of childhood vaccination and immunization. RESULTS We documented 1609 articles, including content analysis of 78 articles. Three major thematic models were described in the context of one another. Interpretive synthesis identified similarities and differences between studies, resulting in a conceptual framework with three principal vaccine utilization determinants: 1) Intent to Vaccinate, 2) Community Access and 3) Health Facility Readiness. CONCLUSION This study presents the most comprehensive systematic review of vaccine determinants to date. The conceptual framework represents a synthesis of multiple existing frameworks, is applicable in low and middle-income countries, and is quantitatively testable. Future researchers can use these results to develop competing conceptual frameworks, or to analyze data in a theoretically-grounded way. This review enables better research in the future, further understanding of immunization determinants, and greater progress against vaccine preventable diseases around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E. Phillips
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Joseph L. Dieleman
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Stephen S. Lim
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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10
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The imperative for stronger vaccine supply and logistics systems. Vaccine 2014; 31 Suppl 2:B73-80. [PMID: 23598495 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
With the introduction of new vaccines, developing countries are facing serious challenges in their vaccine supply and logistics systems. Storage capacity bottlenecks occur at national, regional, and district levels and system inefficiencies threaten vaccine access, availability, and quality. As countries adopt newer and more expensive vaccines and attempt to reach people at different ages and in new settings, their logistics systems must be strengthened and optimized. As a first step, national governments, donors, and international agencies have crafted a global vision for 2020 vaccine supply and logistics systems with detailed plans of action to achieve five priority objectives. Vaccine products and packaging are designed to meet the needs of developing countries. Immunization supply systems support efficient and effective vaccine delivery. The environmental impact of energy, materials, and processes used in immunization systems is minimized. Immunization information systems enable better and more timely decision-making. Competent and motivated personnel are empowered to handle immunization supply chain issues. Over the next decade, vaccine supply and logistics systems in nearly all developing countries will require significant investments of time and resources from global and national partners, donors, and governments. These investments are critical if we are to reach more people with current and newer vaccines.
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11
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Skountzou I, Compans RW. Skin immunization with influenza vaccines. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2014; 386:343-69. [PMID: 25038939 DOI: 10.1007/82_2014_407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Problems with existing influenza vaccines include the strain specificity of the immune response, resulting in the need for frequent reformulation in response to viral antigenic drift. Even in years when the same influenza strains are prevalent, the duration of immunity is limited, and results in the need for annual revaccination. The immunogenicity of the present split or subunit vaccines is also lower than that observed with whole inactivated virus, and the vaccines are not very effective in high risk groups such as the young or the elderly. Vaccine coverage is incomplete, due in part to concerns about the use of hypodermic needles for delivery. Alternative approaches for vaccination are being developed which address many of these concerns. Here we review new approaches which focus on skin immunization, including the development of needle-free delivery systems which use stable dry formulations and induce stronger and longer-lasting immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Skountzou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, CNR Building, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA,
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12
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Weissmueller NT, Schiffter HA, Pollard AJ. Intradermal powder immunization with protein-containing vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2013; 12:687-702. [PMID: 23750797 DOI: 10.1586/erv.13.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The central importance for global public health policy of delivering life-saving vaccines for all children makes the development of efficacious and safe needle-free alternatives to hypodermic needles, preferably in a thermostable form, a matter of pressing urgency. This paper comprehensively reviews past in vivo studies on intradermal powder immunization with vaccine formulations that do not require refrigeration. Particular emphasis is given to the immune response in relation to antigen adjuvantation. While needle-free intradermal delivery of vaccines induces a predominantly Th2-type immune response, adjuvants powerfully enhance and modulate the magnitude and nature of the elicited immune response at various effector sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas T Weissmueller
- Department of Paediatrics, Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
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13
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Strohfus PK, Collins T, Phillips V, Remington R. Health care providers' knowledge assessment of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine. Appl Nurs Res 2013; 26:162-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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DeMuth PC, Min Y, Huang B, Kramer JA, Miller AD, Barouch DH, Hammond PT, Irvine DJ. Polymer multilayer tattooing for enhanced DNA vaccination. NATURE MATERIALS 2013; 12:367-76. [PMID: 23353628 PMCID: PMC3965298 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
DNA vaccines have many potential benefits but have failed to generate robust immune responses in humans. Recently, methods such as in vivo electroporation have demonstrated improved performance, but an optimal strategy for safe, reproducible, and pain-free DNA vaccination remains elusive. Here we report an approach for rapid implantation of vaccine-loaded polymer films carrying DNA, immune-stimulatory RNA, and biodegradable polycations into the immune-cell-rich epidermis, using microneedles coated with releasable polyelectrolyte multilayers. Films transferred into the skin following brief microneedle application promoted local transfection and controlled the persistence of DNA and adjuvants in the skin from days to weeks, with kinetics determined by the film composition. These 'multilayer tattoo' DNA vaccines induced immune responses against a model HIV antigen comparable to electroporation in mice, enhanced memory T-cell generation, and elicited 140-fold higher gene expression in non-human primate skin than intradermal DNA injection, indicating the potential of this strategy for enhancing DNA vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C DeMuth
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Garcia CR, Manzi F, Tediosi F, Hoffman SL, James ER. Comparative cost models of a liquid nitrogen vapor phase (LNVP) cold chain-distributed cryopreserved malaria vaccine vs. a conventional vaccine. Vaccine 2013; 31:380-6. [PMID: 23146676 PMCID: PMC3666854 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Typically, vaccines distributed through the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) use a 2-8°C cold chain with 4-5 stops. The PfSPZ Vaccine comprises whole live-attenuated cryopreserved sporozoites stored in liquid nitrogen (LN(2)) vapor phase (LNVP) below -140°C and would be distributed through a LNVP cold chain. The purpose of this study was to model LNVP cold chain distribution for the cryopreserved PfSPZ Vaccine in Tanzania, estimate the costs and compare these costs to those that would be incurred in distributing a 'conventional' malaria vaccine through the EPI. Capital and recurrent costs for storage, transportation, labor, energy usage and facilities were determined for the birth cohort in Tanzania over five years. Costs were calculated using WHO/UNESCO calculators. These were applied to a 2-8°C distribution model with national, regional, district, and health facility levels, and for the cryopreserved vaccine using a 'modified hub-and-spoke' (MH-S) LNVP distribution system comprising a central national store, peripheral health facilities and an intermediate district-level transhipment stop. Estimated costs per fully immunized child (FIC) were $ 6.11 for the LNVP-distributed cryopreserved vaccine where the LN(2) is generated, and $ 6.04 with purchased LN(2) (assuming US $ 1.00/L). The FIC costs for distributing a conventional vaccine using the four level 2-8°C cold chain were $ 6.10, and with a tariff distribution system as occurs in Tanzania the FIC cost was $ 5.53. The models, therefore, predicted little difference in 5-year distribution costs between the PfSPZ Vaccine distributed through a MH-S LNVP cold chain and a conventional vaccine distributed through the more traditional EPI system. A LNVP cold chain provides additional benefits through the use of durable dry shippers because no refrigerators, freezers or refrigerated trucks are required. Thus strain at the cold chain periphery, vaccine wastage from cold chain failures and the environmental impact of distribution would all be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Reyes Garcia
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Fatuma Manzi
- Ifakara Health Research and Development Centre, Ifakara, Tanzania
| | - Fabrizio Tediosi
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Eric R. James
- Sanaria Inc, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
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Mansoor OD, Kristensen D, Meek A, Zipursky S, Popova O, Popovaa O, Sharma I, Miranda G, Millogo J, Lasher H. Vaccine Presentation and Packaging Advisory Group: a forum for reaching consensus on vaccine product attributes. Bull World Health Organ 2012; 91:75-8. [PMID: 23397354 DOI: 10.2471/blt.12.110700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Penney CA, Thomas DR, Deen SS, Walmsley AM. Plant-made vaccines in support of the Millennium Development Goals. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2011; 30:789-98. [PMID: 21243362 PMCID: PMC3075396 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-010-0995-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 12/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines are one of the most successful public health achievements of the last century. Systematic immunisation programs have reduced the burden of infectious diseases on a global scale. However, there are limitations to the current technology, which often requires costly infrastructure and long lead times for production. Furthermore, the requirement to keep vaccines within the cold-chain throughout manufacture, transport and storage is often impractical and prohibitively expensive in developing countries-the very regions where vaccines are most needed. In contrast, plant-made vaccines (PMVs) can be produced at a lower cost using basic greenhouse agricultural methods, and do not need to be kept within such narrow temperature ranges. This increases the feasibility of developing countries producing vaccines locally at a small-scale to target the specific needs of the region. Additionally, the ability of plant-production technologies to rapidly produce large quantities of strain-specific vaccine demonstrates their potential use in combating pandemics. PMVs are a proven technology that has the potential to play an important role in increasing global health, both in the context of the 2015 Millennium Development Goals and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire A. Penney
- Department of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC Australia
| | - David R. Thomas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC Australia
| | - Sadia S. Deen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC Australia
| | - Amanda M. Walmsley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC Australia
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Skountzou I, Kang SM. Transcutaneous Immunization with Influenza Vaccines. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2009; 333:347-68. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-92165-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Hirschberg HJ, van de Wijdeven GG, Kelder AB, van den Dobbelsteen GP, Kersten GF. Bioneedles™ as vaccine carriers. Vaccine 2008; 26:2389-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2007] [Revised: 02/19/2008] [Accepted: 02/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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