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Al-Momani H, Al Balawi D, Hamed S, Albiss BA, Almasri M, AlGhawrie H, Ibrahim L, Al Balawi H, Al Haj Mahmoud S, Pearson J, Ward C. The impact of biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles from Olea europaea (Common Olive) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth and biofilm formation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5096. [PMID: 36991258 PMCID: PMC10060419 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32366-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThere is a limitation in the range of effectual antibiotics due to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infection due to its innate antimicrobial resistance. Researchers have therefore been concentrating their efforts to discover advanced and cost effective antibacterial agents among the ever-increasing PA bacterial resistance strains. It has been discovered that various nanoparticles can be employed as antimicrobial agents. Here, we evaluated the antibacterial properties of the Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), which was biosynthesized, being examined on six hospital strains of PA alongside a reference strain (ATCC 27853). A chemical approach was applied to biosynthesize the ZnO NPs from Olea europaea was performed, and confirmed by using X-ray diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopes. The nanoparticles then applied their antibacterial properties to examine them against six clinically isolated PA strains alongside the reference strain. This process tested for the results of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The Growth, biofilm formation and eradication were analyzed. The influence of the differentiating degrees ZnO NPs in regard to Quorom sensing gene expression were further examined. The ZnO NPs exhibited a crystalline size and diameter (Dc) of 40–60 nm and both the MIC and MBC tests revealed positive outcomes of concentrations of 3 and 6 mg/ml for each PA strain, respectively. At sub inhibitory concentration, The ZnO NPs were found to significantly inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of all PA strains and decreases in the biomass and metabolic behavior of PA established biofilms; these decreases varied depending on the dosage. At ZnO NPs concentrations of 900 µg/ml, the expression of majority of quorum sensing genes of all strains were significantly reduced, at ZnO NPs concentrations of 300 µg/ml, few genes were significantly impacted. In conclusion, the treatment of PA and could be other antibiotic resistant bacteria can therefore be approached by using ZnO NPs as it has been uncovered that they withhold advanced antibacterial properties.
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Biofilm Formation and Control of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062432. [PMID: 36985403 PMCID: PMC10058477 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are microbial aggregation membranes that are formed when microorganisms attach to the surfaces of living or nonliving things. Importantly, biofilm properties provide microorganisms with protection against environmental pressures and enhance their resistance to antimicrobial agents, contributing to microbial persistence and toxicity. Thus, bacterial biofilm formation is part of the bacterial survival mechanism. However, if foodborne pathogens form biofilms, the risk of foodborne disease infections can be greatly exacerbated, which can cause major public health risks and lead to adverse economic consequences. Therefore, research on biofilms and their removal strategies are very important in the food industry. Food waste due to spoilage within the food industry remains a global challenge to environmental sustainability and the security of food supplies. This review describes bacterial biofilm formation, elaborates on the problem associated with biofilms in the food industry, enumerates several kinds of common foodborne pathogens in biofilms, summarizes the current strategies used to eliminate or control harmful bacterial biofilm formation, introduces the current and emerging control strategies, and emphasizes future development prospects with respect to bacterial biofilms.
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Tena-Garitaonaindia M, Ceacero-Heras D, Montoro MDMM, de Medina FS, Martínez-Augustin O, Daddaoua A. A Standardized Extract of Lentinula edodes Cultured Mycelium Inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infectivity Mechanisms. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:814448. [PMID: 35369436 PMCID: PMC8966770 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.814448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The priority pathogen list of the World Health Organization classified Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the second top critical pathogen. Hence, the development of novel antibacterial strategies to tackle this bacterium is highly necessary. Herein we explore the potential antibacterial effect of a standardized extract of cultured mycelium of Lentinula edodes (AHCC®) on P. aeruginosa. AHCC® was found to inhibit the growth rate and biofilm formation of strain PAO1. No change in swarming was observed, but AHCC® hampered swimming and twitching motility. In accordance, a decreased expression of metabolism, growth, and biofilm formation genes was shown. AHCC® also diminished the levels of exotoxin A and bacteria inside IEC18 cells and the secretion of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF by infected macrophages. This effect was related to a reduced phosphorylation of MAPKs and to bacteria internalization. Taken together, our data suggest that AHCC® has a potential role to prevent P. aeruginosa infections and may lead to the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Tena-Garitaonaindia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy School, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Ceacero-Heras
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy School, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Maldonado Montoro
- Clinical Analysis Service, Hospital Campus de la Salud, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), Granada, Spain
| | - Fermín Sánchez de Medina
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy School, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Olga Martínez-Augustin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy School, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), Granada, Spain.,Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy School, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Abdelali Daddaoua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy School, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), Granada, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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4
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Combination and nanotechnology based pharmaceutical strategies for combating respiratory bacterial biofilm infections. Int J Pharm 2022; 616:121507. [PMID: 35085729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory infections are one of the major global health problems. Among them, chronic respiratory infections caused by biofilm formation are difficult to treat because of both drug tolerance and poor drug penetration into the complex biofilm structure. A major part of the current research on combating respiratory biofilm infections have been focused on destroying the matrix of extracellular polymeric substance and eDNA of the biofilm or promoting the penetration of antibiotics through the extracellular polymeric substance via delivery technologies in order to kill the bacteria inside. There are also experimental data showing that certain inhaled antibiotics with simple formulations can effectively penetrate EPS to kill surficially located bacteria and centrally located dormant bacteria or persisters. This article aims to review recent advances in the pharmaceutical strategies for combating respiratory biofilm infections with a focus on nanotechnology-based drug delivery approaches. The formation and characteristics of bacterial biofilm infections in the airway mucus are presented, which is followed by a brief review on the current clinical approaches to treat respiratory biofilm infections by surgical removal and antimicrobial therapy, and also the emerging clinical treatment approaches. The current combination of antibiotics and non-antibiotic adjuvants to combat respiratory biofilm infections are also discussed.
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Olive Leaf Extract Modulates Quorum Sensing Genes and Biofilm Formation in Multi-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9090526. [PMID: 32824901 PMCID: PMC7560099 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9090526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm acts as a complex barrier against antibiotics. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory activities of Olea europaea (olive) leaves Camellia sinensis (green tea), Styrax benzoin, Ocimum basilicum, Humulus lupulus, Ruta graveolens, and Propolis extracts on the biofilm formation, pyocyanin production, and twitching motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Moreover, we investigated the effect of olive leaf extract on the transcription of some biofilm related genes. A total of 204 isolates of Pseudomonas were collected from different Egyptian hospitals. A susceptibility test, carried out using the disc diffusion method, revealed that 49% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant. More than 90% of the isolates were biofilm-forming, of which 26% were strong biofilm producers. At subinhibitory concentrations, green tea and olive leaf extracts had the highest biofilm inhibitory effects with 84.8% and 82.2%, respectively. The expression levels of lasI, lasR, rhlI, and rhlR treated with these extracts were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) by around 97-99% compared to untreated isolates. This study suggests the ability of olive leaf extract to reduce the biofilm formation and virulence factor production of P. aeruginosa through the down regulation of quorum sensing (QS) genes. This may help in reducing our dependence on antibiotics and to handle biofilm-related infections of opportunistic pathogens more efficiently.
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Song JJ, Lee BD, Lee KH, Lee JD, Park YJ, Park MK. Changes in Antibiotic Resistance in Recurrent Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infections of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0145561316095010-1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the changes in antibiotic resistance in recurrent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). Its aim was to provide a treatment strategy for P aeruginosa infections in CSOM for the prevention of multidrug resistance. A case-control study was conducted in tertiary teaching hospitals in Korea. The experimental group included patients with recurrent P aeruginosa infection who had relapsed within 2 months after the successful control of a previous P aeruginosa infection. The control group consisted of patients with a P aeruginosa infection who had no history of such an infection. An antibiotic sensitivity test was performed for each culture. The proportion of recurrent P aeruginosa infection was 22.69% (98 of 432 cases). Drug resistance to amikacin, tobramycin, netilmicin, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin was significantly changed after recurrent infection. The fluoroquinolone strains seen in recurrent P aeruginosa showed high cross-resistance to other drugs. Antibiotic resistance of P aeruginosa in CSOM changed with recurrent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Jun Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and
Neck Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital
| | - Byung Don Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck
Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine
| | - Koen Hyeong Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck
Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine
| | - Jong Dae Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck
Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck
Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine
| | - Moo Kyun Park
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck
Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Cambronel M, Tortuel D, Biaggini K, Maillot O, Taupin L, Réhel K, Rincé I, Muller C, Hardouin J, Feuilloley M, Rodrigues S, Connil N. Epinephrine affects motility, and increases adhesion, biofilm and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa H103. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20203. [PMID: 31882963 PMCID: PMC6934790 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial endocrinology has demonstrated for more than two decades, that eukaryotic substances (hormones, neurotransmitters, molecules of the immune system) can modulate the physiological behavior of bacteria. Among them, the hormones/neurotransmitters, epinephrine (Epi) and norepinephrine (NE), released in case of stress, physical effort or used in medical treatment, were shown to be able to modify biofilm formation in various bacterial species. In the present study, we have evaluated the effect of Epi on motility, adhesion, biofilm formation and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a bacterium linked to many hospital-acquired infections, and responsible for chronic infection in immunocompromised patients including persons suffering from cystic fibrosis. The results showed that Epi increased adhesion and biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa, as well as its virulence towards the Galleria mellonella larvae in vivo model. Deciphering the sensor of this molecule in P. aeruginosa and the molecular mechanisms involved may help to find new strategies of treatment to fight against this bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélyssa Cambronel
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université - Université de Rouen, Évreux, 27000, Evreux, France
| | - Damien Tortuel
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université - Université de Rouen, Évreux, 27000, Evreux, France
| | - Kelly Biaggini
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université - Université de Rouen, Évreux, 27000, Evreux, France
| | - Olivier Maillot
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université - Université de Rouen, Évreux, 27000, Evreux, France
| | - Laure Taupin
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM) EA 3884, IUEM, Université de Bretagne-Sud, 56100, Lorient, France
| | - Karine Réhel
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM) EA 3884, IUEM, Université de Bretagne-Sud, 56100, Lorient, France
| | - Isabelle Rincé
- Unité de Recherche Risques Microbiens (U2RM), EA 4655, UFR des sciences, Normandie Université, Université de Caen, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Cécile Muller
- Unité de Recherche Risques Microbiens (U2RM), EA 4655, UFR des sciences, Normandie Université, Université de Caen, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Julie Hardouin
- Laboratoire Polymères, Biopolymères, Surfaces, UMR 6270 CNRS, Plateforme Protéomique, PISSARO, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen, 76130, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Marc Feuilloley
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université - Université de Rouen, Évreux, 27000, Evreux, France
| | - Sophie Rodrigues
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université - Université de Rouen, Évreux, 27000, Evreux, France
| | - Nathalie Connil
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université - Université de Rouen, Évreux, 27000, Evreux, France.
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8
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Khanal D, Chang RYK, Morales S, Chan HK, Chrzanowski W. High Resolution Nanoscale Probing of Bacteriophages in an Inhalable Dry Powder Formulation for Pulmonary Infections. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12760-12767. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipesh Khanal
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Rachel Yoon Kyung Chang
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sandra Morales
- AmpliPhi Biosciences AU, Brookvale, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Wojciech Chrzanowski
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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9
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Panmanee W, Su S, Schurr MJ, Lau GW, Zhu X, Ren Z, McDaniel CT, Lu LJ, Ohman DE, Muruve DA, Panos RJ, Yu HD, Thompson TB, Tseng BS, Hassett DJ. The anti-sigma factor MucA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Dramatic differences of a mucA22 vs. a ΔmucA mutant in anaerobic acidified nitrite sensitivity of planktonic and biofilm bacteria in vitro and during chronic murine lung infection. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216401. [PMID: 31158231 PMCID: PMC6546240 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucoid mucA22 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is an opportunistic lung pathogen of cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients that is highly sensitive to acidified nitrite (A-NO2-). In this study, we first screened PA mutant strains for sensitivity or resistance to 20 mM A-NO2- under anaerobic conditions that represent the chronic stages of the aforementioned diseases. Mutants found to be sensitive to A-NO2- included PA0964 (pmpR, PQS biosynthesis), PA4455 (probable ABC transporter permease), katA (major catalase, KatA) and rhlR (quorum sensing regulator). In contrast, mutants lacking PA0450 (a putative phosphate transporter) and PA1505 (moaA2) were A-NO2- resistant. However, we were puzzled when we discovered that mucA22 mutant bacteria, a frequently isolated mucA allele in CF and to a lesser extent COPD, were more sensitive to A-NO2- than a truncated ΔmucA deletion (Δ157–194) mutant in planktonic and biofilm culture, as well as during a chronic murine lung infection. Subsequent transcriptional profiling of anaerobic, A-NO2--treated bacteria revealed restoration of near wild-type transcript levels of protective NO2- and nitric oxide (NO) reductase (nirS and norCB, respectively) in the ΔmucA mutant in contrast to extremely low levels in the A-NO2--sensitive mucA22 mutant. Proteins that were S-nitrosylated by NO derived from A-NO2- reduction in the sensitive mucA22 strain were those involved in anaerobic respiration (NirQ, NirS), pyruvate fermentation (UspK), global gene regulation (Vfr), the TCA cycle (succinate dehydrogenase, SdhB) and several double mutants were even more sensitive to A-NO2-. Bioinformatic-based data point to future studies designed to elucidate potential cellular binding partners for MucA and MucA22. Given that A-NO2- is a potentially viable treatment strategy to combat PA and other infections, this study offers novel developments as to how clinicians might better treat problematic PA infections in COPD and CF airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warunya Panmanee
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH United States of America
| | - Shengchang Su
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH United States of America
| | - Michael J. Schurr
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO United States of America
| | - Gee W. Lau
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL United States of America
| | - Xiaoting Zhu
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH United States of America
| | - Zhaowei Ren
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH United States of America
| | - Cameron T. McDaniel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH United States of America
| | - Long J. Lu
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH United States of America
| | - Dennis E. Ohman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA United States of America
- McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA United States of America
| | - Daniel A. Muruve
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ralph J. Panos
- Department of Medicine, Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH United States of America
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Division, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH United States of America
| | - Hongwei D. Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Marshall University, Huntington, WV United States of America
| | - Thomas B. Thompson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH United States of America
| | - Boo Shan Tseng
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Hassett
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Liu L, Li JH, Zi SF, Liu FR, Deng C, Ao X, Zhang P. AgNP combined with quorum sensing inhibitor increased the antibiofilm effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6195-6204. [PMID: 31129741 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09905-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm lifestyle exhibits multidrug resistance in chronic bacterial infections. Alternative antimicrobial compounds or combination drug therapies must be urgently developed. In this work, the antibiofilm effect of Ag nanoparticle (AgNP) combined with the quorum sensing inhibitor (QSI) 4-nitropyridine N-oxide (4NPO) on P. aeruginosa biofilms was investigated. The biofilm biomass of P. aeruginosa was considerably reduced by 1.56-50 mg/L AgNP. However, 4NPO enhanced the ability of AgNP to inhibit P. aeruginosa biofilm formation (P < 0.05). The combination of AgNP with 4NPO could continuously inhibit biofilm development after 12 h, and 50 mg/L AgNP combined with 6.25 mg/L 4NPO thoroughly suppressed biofilm growth. The expression levels of QS genes and exopolysaccharide genes of biofilm treated with the combination of AgNP with 4NPO (AgNP-4NPO combination) were lower than those treated with AgNP alone (P < 0.05). Additional extracellular proteins and polysaccharides were determined in the samples treated with AgNP-4NPO combination. Based on proteomic analysis, this result was attributed to cell rupture caused by antimicrobial agents and intracellular materials released. The combination of the two antimicrobial agents could weaken the swimming ability of bacterial cells by damaging bacterial flagella and blocking rhlA gene expression. Thus, AgNP combined with QSI showed stronger antibiofilm ability than AgNP alone. These results may contribute to the development of antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, China
| | - Jing-Hui Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, China.
| | - Shuang-Feng Zi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, China
| | - Fu-Rong Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, China
| | - Xue Ao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China.
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11
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Risk factors for mortality in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia: Clinical impact of mucA gene mutation. Respir Med 2018; 140:27-31. [PMID: 29957276 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pseudomonas aeruginosa frequently colonizes the lungs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Mucoid conversion is a hallmark of chronic P. aeruginosa infection, which is mediated by mucA gene mutations. The aim of this study is to identify predictive factors for mortality and the influence of mucA gene mutation in COPD patients with P. aeruginosa pneumonia. METHODS This study assessed 75 COPD patients with P. aeruginosa pneumonia at two university hospitals. The clinical and laboratory data were collected, and the P. aeruginosa isolates analyzed for the presence of mucA gene mutations. RESULTS MucA gene mutation of P. aeruginosa was an independent predictor of mortality (odds ratio [OR] 10.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.53-70.90, p = 0.017). In addition, the APACHE II score and C-reactive protein/Albumin (CA) ratio were independent predictive factors for mortality (OR 1.25, 95% CI: 1.07-1.46, p = 0.004; and OR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.10, p = 0.003, respectively). The optimal cutoff value of CA ratio for the greatest sensitivity and specificity was calculated as 31.27 (sensitivity, 85.7%; specificity, 80.3%). CONCLUSIONS CA ratio and mucA gene mutation of P. aeruginosa could be used as predictors to identify poor prognosis in COPD patients with P. aeruginosa pneumonia.
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12
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Song F, Wang H, Sauer K, Ren D. Cyclic-di-GMP and oprF Are Involved in the Response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Substrate Material Stiffness during Attachment on Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Front Microbiol 2018; 9:110. [PMID: 29449837 PMCID: PMC5799285 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we reported that the stiffness of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) affects the attachment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the morphology and antibiotic susceptibility of attached cells. To further understand how P. aeruginosa responses to material stiffness during attachment, the wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 and several isogenic mutants were characterized for their attachment on soft and stiff PDMS. Compared to the wild-type strain, mutation of the oprF gene abolished the differences in attachment, growth, and size of attached cells between soft and stiff PDMS surfaces. These defects were rescued by genetic complementation of oprF. We also found that the wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 cells attached on soft (40:1) PDMS have higher level of intracellular cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP), a key regulator of biofilm formation, compared to those on stiff (5:1) PDMS surfaces. Consistently, the mutants of fleQ and wspF, which have similar high-level c-di-GMP as the oprF mutant, exhibited defects in response to PDMS stiffness during attachment. Collectively, the results from this study suggest that P. aeruginosa can sense the stiffness of substrate material during attachment and respond to such mechanical cues by adjusting c-di-GMP level and thus the following biofilm formation. Further understanding of the related genes and pathways will provide new insights into bacterial mechanosensing and help develop better antifouling materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangchao Song
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States.,Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States.,Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Karin Sauer
- Department of Biological Science, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, United States
| | - Dacheng Ren
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States.,Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse, NY, United States.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States.,Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States
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13
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Shreeram DD, Panmanee W, McDaniel CT, Daniel S, Schaefer DW, Hassett DJ. Effect of impaired twitching motility and biofilm dispersion on performance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-powered microbial fuel cells. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 45:103-109. [PMID: 29288437 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-017-1995-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a metabolically voracious bacterium that is easily manipulated genetically. We have previously shown that the organism is also highly electrogenic in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Polarization studies were performed in MFCs with wild-type strain PAO1 and three mutant strains (pilT, bdlA and pilT bdlA). The pilT mutant was hyperpiliated, while the bdlA mutant was suppressed in biofilm dispersion chemotaxis. The double pilT bdlA mutant was expected to have properties of both mutations. Polarization data indicate that the pilT mutant showed 5.0- and 3.2-fold increases in peak power compared to the wild type and the pilT bdlA mutant, respectively. The performance of the bdlA mutant was surprisingly the lowest, while the pilT bdlA electrogenic performance fell between the pilT mutant and wild-type bacteria. Measurements of biofilm thickness and bacterial viability showed equal viability among the different strains. The thickness of the bdlA mutant, however, was twice that of wild-type strain PAO1. This observation implicates the presence of dead or dormant bacteria in the bdlA mutant MFCs, which increases biofilm internal resistance as confirmed by electrochemical measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh D Shreeram
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, USA
| | - Warunya Panmanee
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0524, USA
| | - Cameron T McDaniel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0524, USA
| | - Susan Daniel
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Dale W Schaefer
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, USA
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, USA
| | - Daniel J Hassett
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0524, USA.
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14
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Potentiation of Tobramycin by Silver Nanoparticles against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.00415-17. [PMID: 28848007 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00415-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacterial species is a serious public health problem and has prompted research examining the antibacterial effects of alternative compounds and novel treatment strategies. Compounding this problem is the ability of many pathogenic bacteria to form biofilms during chronic infections. Importantly, these communities are often recalcitrant to antibiotic treatments that show effectiveness against acute infection. The antimicrobial properties of silver have been known for decades, but recently silver and silver-containing compounds have seen renewed interest as antimicrobial agents for treating bacterial infections. The goal of this study was to assess the ability of citrate-capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of various sizes, alone and in combination with the aminoglycoside antibiotic tobramycin, to inhibit established Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Our results demonstrate that smaller 10-nm and 20-nm AgNPs were more effective at synergistically potentiating the activity of tobramycin. Visualization of biofilms treated with combinations of 10-nm AgNPs and tobramycin reveals that the synergistic bactericidal effect may be caused by disrupting cellular membranes. Minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) assays using clinical P. aeruginosa isolates shows that small AgNPs are more effective than larger AgNPs at inhibiting biofilms, but that the synergy effect is likely a strain-dependent phenomenon. These data suggest that small AgNPs synergistically potentiate the activity of tobramycin against P. aeruginosain vitro and may reveal a potential role for AgNP/antibiotic combinations in treating patients with chronic infections in a strain-specific manner.
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15
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Crespo A, Gavaldà J, Julián E, Torrents E. A single point mutation in class III ribonucleotide reductase promoter renders Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 inefficient for anaerobic growth and infection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13350. [PMID: 29042684 PMCID: PMC5645315 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1 has become the reference strain in many laboratories. One enzyme that is essential for its cell division is the ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) enzyme that supplies the deoxynucleotides required for DNA synthesis and repair. P. aeruginosa is one of the few microorganisms that encodes three different RNR classes (Ia, II and III) in its genome, enabling it to grow and adapt to diverse environmental conditions, including during infection. In this work, we demonstrate that a lack of RNR activity induces cell elongation in P. aeruginosa PAO1. Moreover, RNR gene expression during anaerobiosis differs among P. aeruginosa strains, with class III highly expressed in P. aeruginosa clinical isolates relative to the laboratory P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain. A single point mutation was identified in the P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain class III RNR promoter region that disrupts its anaerobic transcription by the Dnr regulator. An engineered strain that induces the class III RNR expression allows P. aeruginosa PAO1 anaerobic growth and increases its virulence to resemble that of clinical strains. Our results demonstrate that P. aeruginosa PAO1 is adapted to laboratory conditions and is not the best reference strain for anaerobic or infection studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Crespo
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology. Bacterial infections and antimicrobial therapies; Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Gavaldà
- Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute VHIR, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Julián
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Eduard Torrents
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology. Bacterial infections and antimicrobial therapies; Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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16
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Chang RY, Wong J, Mathai A, Morales S, Kutter E, Britton W, Li J, Chan HK. Production of highly stable spray dried phage formulations for treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 121:1-13. [PMID: 28890220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The potential of bacteriophage therapy for the treatment of pulmonary infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria has been well recognised. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of excipients on stabilisation and aerosolisation of spray dried powders of morphologically different phages - PEV podovirus and PEV myovirus. Seven anti-pseudomonal phages were screened against 90 clinical strains of bacterial hosts and three of the phages were selected for formulation study based on the host range. Design of experiments was utilised to assess the effect of different excipients on the stabilisation and aerosolisation of spray dried phages. Both podovirus and myovirus phages were stable in spray dried formulations containing trehalose or lactose and leucine as excipients with less than 1-log10 titre reduction during spray drying, with lactose providing superior phage protection over trehalose. Furthermore, the spray dried phage formulations dispersed in an Osmohaler at 85L/min produced a high fine particle fraction of over 50%. The results showed that the phages in this study can form respirable dry powder phage formulations using the same excipient composition. Spray dried various types of lytic phages hold significant potential for the treatment of pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Y Chang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jennifer Wong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ash Mathai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sandra Morales
- AmpliPhi Biosciences AU, 7/27 Dale Street, Brookvale, Sydney, NSW 2100, Australia
| | | | - Warwick Britton
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jian Li
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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17
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Kis M, Sipka G, Ayaydin F, Maróti P. The biophysics of a critical phenomenon: colonization and sedimentation of the photosynthetic bacteria Rubrivivax gelatinosus. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2017; 47:139-149. [PMID: 28685171 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-017-1236-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In response to environmental changes, the photosynthetic bacterium Rubrivivax gelatinosus (Rvx.) can switch from a planktonic lifestyle to a phototrophic biofilm. Like in critical phenomena, the colonization and sedimentation of the cells is abrupt and hard to predict causally, and the underlying biophysics of the mechanisms involved is not known. Herein, we report basic experimental observations and quantitative explanations as keys to understanding microbial turnover of aggregates. (1) The moment of sedimentation can be controlled by the height of the tube of cultivation, by the concentrations of externally added Ficoll (a highly branched polymer) and/or of internally produced polysaccharides (constituents of the biofilm). (2) The observed translational diffusion coefficient of the planktonic bacteria is the sum of diffusion coefficients coming from random Brownian and twitching movements of the bacteria and amounts to 14 (μm)2/s. (3) This value drops hyperbolically with the association number of the cell aggregates and with the concentration of the exopolysaccharides in the biofilm. In the experiments described herein, their effects could be separated. (4) The critical conditions of colonization and sinking of the cells will be achieved if the height of the tube meets the scale height that is proportional to the ratio of the diffusion coefficient and the net mass of the bacterium. The decisive role of the web-like structure of a biofilm, the organization of bacteria from loose cooperativity to solid aggregation, and the possible importance of similar controls in other phototrophic microorganisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariann Kis
- Institute of Medical Physics, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Gábor Sipka
- Institute of Medical Physics, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.,Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Ferhan Ayaydin
- Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Péter Maróti
- Institute of Medical Physics, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
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18
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Magalhães AP, Lopes SP, Pereira MO. Insights into Cystic Fibrosis Polymicrobial Consortia: The Role of Species Interactions in Biofilm Development, Phenotype, and Response to In-Use Antibiotics. Front Microbiol 2017; 7:2146. [PMID: 28133457 PMCID: PMC5233685 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) airways disease involves complex polymicrobial infections where different bacterial species can interact and influence each other and/or even interfere with the whole community. To gain insights into the role that interactions between Pseudomonas aeruginosa in co-culture with Staphylococcus aureus, Inquilinus limosus, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia may play in infection, the reciprocal effect during biofilm formation and the response of dual biofilms toward ciprofloxacin under in vitro atmospheres with different oxygen availabilities were evaluated. Biofilm formation kinetics showed that the growth of S. aureus, I. limosus, and S. maltophilia was disturbed in the presence of P. aeruginosa, under both aerobic and anaerobic environments. On the other hand, under aerobic conditions, I. limosus led to a decrease in biofilm mass production by P. aeruginosa, although biofilm-cells viability remains unaltered. The interaction between S. maltophilia and P. aeruginosa positively influenced dual biofilm development by increasing its biomass. Compared with monocultures, biomass of P. aeruginosa+ S. aureus biofilms was significantly reduced by reciprocal interference. When grown in dual biofilms with P. aeruginosa, ciprofloxacin was less effective against S. aureus, I. limosus, and S. maltophilia, with increasing antibiotic doses leading to drastic inhibitions of P. aeruginosa cultivability. Therefore, P. aeruginosa might be responsible for the protection of the whole dual consortia against ciprofloxacin activity. Based on the overall data, it can be speculated that reciprocal interferences occur between the different bacterial species in CF lung, regardless the level of oxygen. The findings also suggest that alterations of bacterial behavior due to species interplay may be important for disease progression in CF infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia P Magalhães
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), University of Minho, Braga Portugal
| | - Susana P Lopes
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), University of Minho, Braga Portugal
| | - Maria O Pereira
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), University of Minho, Braga Portugal
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19
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Fernández-Barat L, Torres A. Biofilms in ventilator-associated pneumonia. Future Microbiol 2016; 11:1599-1610. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2016-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms develop rapidly following endotracheal intubation and represent a persistent source of unnecessary pathogens in the critically ill patient. Overall, the imbalance in the lung microbiome caused by an endotracheal tube and its role in biofilm formation and in ventilator-associated pneumonia is still unclear. Although endotracheal tube–biofilm preventive measures are being tested, no outcome impact has ever been demonstrated, and therefore no approach has been clinically recommended. Nonetheless, an accurate description of the actual biofilm morphology in vivo could be useful to implement effective preventive measures. The combined use of in vitro biofilm models, in vivo animal models and clinical research is vitally important to the attainment of a comprehensive understanding of biofilms in ventilator-associated pneumonia in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Fernández-Barat
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universtitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Torres
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universtitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Unidad de cuidados Intensivos respiratorios (UVIR), Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Hector A, Frey N, Hartl D. Update on host-pathogen interactions in cystic fibrosis lung disease. Mol Cell Pediatr 2016; 3:12. [PMID: 26905568 PMCID: PMC4764602 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-016-0039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial and fungal infections are hallmarks of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. In the era of long-term inhaled antibiotics and increasing CF patient survival, new "emerging" pathogens are detected in CF airways, yet their pathophysiological disease relevance remains largely controversial and incompletely defined. As a response to chronic microbial triggers, innate immune cells, particularly neutrophils, are continuously recruited into CF airways where they combat pathogens but also cause tissue injury through release of oxidants and proteases. The coordinated interplay between host immune cell activation and pathogens is essential for the outcome of CF lung disease. Here, we provide a concise overview and update on host-pathogen interactions in CF lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hector
- Department of Pediatrics I, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nina Frey
- Department of Pediatrics I, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Hartl
- Department of Pediatrics I, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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21
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Stenvang M, Dueholm MS, Vad BS, Seviour T, Zeng G, Geifman-Shochat S, Søndergaard MT, Christiansen G, Meyer RL, Kjelleberg S, Nielsen PH, Otzen DE. Epigallocatechin Gallate Remodels Overexpressed Functional Amyloids in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Increases Biofilm Susceptibility to Antibiotic Treatment. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:26540-26553. [PMID: 27784787 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.739953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the major polyphenol in green tea. It has antimicrobial properties and disrupts the ordered structure of amyloid fibrils involved in human disease. The antimicrobial effect of EGCG against the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been shown to involve disruption of quorum sensing (QS). Functional amyloid fibrils in P. aeruginosa (Fap) are able to bind and retain quorum-sensing molecules, suggesting that EGCG interferes with QS through structural remodeling of amyloid fibrils. Here we show that EGCG inhibits the ability of Fap to form fibrils; instead, EGCG stabilizes protein oligomers. Existing fibrils are remodeled by EGCG into non-amyloid aggregates. This fibril remodeling increases the binding of pyocyanin, demonstrating a mechanism by which EGCG can affect the QS function of functional amyloid. EGCG reduced the amyloid-specific fluorescent thioflavin T signal in P. aeruginosa biofilms at concentrations known to exert an antimicrobial effect. Nanoindentation studies showed that EGCG reduced the stiffness of biofilm containing Fap fibrils but not in biofilm with little Fap. In a combination treatment with EGCG and tobramycin, EGCG had a moderate effect on the minimum bactericidal eradication concentration against wild-type P. aeruginosa biofilms, whereas EGCG had a more pronounced effect when Fap was overexpressed. Our results provide a direct molecular explanation for the ability of EGCG to disrupt P. aeruginosa QS and modify its biofilm and strengthens the case for EGCG as a candidate in multidrug treatment of persistent biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Stenvang
- From the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO).,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN).,the Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research (SDC), 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Morten S Dueholm
- the Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Brian S Vad
- From the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO).,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN)
| | - Thomas Seviour
- the Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | | | - Susana Geifman-Shochat
- the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore, and
| | - Mads T Søndergaard
- the Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Rikke Louise Meyer
- From the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO).,the Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Staffan Kjelleberg
- the Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Singapore 637551, Singapore.,the Centre for Marine Bio-innovation and School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Mosman, New South Wales 2088, Australia
| | - Per Halkjær Nielsen
- the Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.,the Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Daniel E Otzen
- From the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), .,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN)
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22
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Li J, Hao C, Ren L, Xiao Y, Wang J, Qin X. Data Mining of Lung Microbiota in Cystic Fibrosis Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164510. [PMID: 27741283 PMCID: PMC5065158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The major therapeutic strategy used to treat exacerbated cystic fibrosis (CF) is antibiotic treatment. As this approach easily generates antibiotic-resistant strains of opportunistic bacteria, optimized antibiotic therapies are required to effectively control chronic and recurrent bacterial infections in CF patients. A promising future for the proper use of antibiotics is the management of lung microbiota. However, the impact of antibiotic treatments on CF microbiota and vice versa is not fully understood. This study analyzed 718 sputum samples from 18 previous studies to identify differences between CF and uninfected lung microbiota and to evaluate the effects of antibiotic treatments on exacerbated CF microbiota. A reference-based OTU (operational taxonomic unit) picking method was used to combine analyses of data generated using different protocols and platforms. Findings show that CF microbiota had greater richness and lower diversity in the community structure than uninfected control (NIC) microbiota. Specifically, CF microbiota showed higher levels of opportunistic bacteria and dramatically lower levels of commensal bacteria. Antibiotic treatment affected exacerbated CF microbiota notably but only transiently during the treatment period. Limited decrease of the dominant opportunistic bacteria and a dramatic decrease of commensal bacteria were observed during the antibiotic treatment for CF exacerbation. Simultaneously, low abundance opportunistic bacteria were thriving after the antibiotic treatment. The inefficiency of the current antibiotic treatment against major opportunistic bacteria and the detrimental effects on commensal bacteria indicate that the current empiric antibiotic treatment on CF exacerbation should be reevaluated and optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chunyan Hao
- College of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science & Technology, Taiyuan 030021, China
| | - Lili Ren
- MOH Key Laboratory of System Pathogen Biology and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Foundation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- MOH Key Laboratory of System Pathogen Biology and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Foundation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- MOH Key Laboratory of System Pathogen Biology and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Foundation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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23
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Mohammadinejad S, Ghamkhari B, Abdolmaleki S. Stability of actin-lysozyme complexes formed in cystic fibrosis disease. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:6557-6565. [PMID: 27436705 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00288a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Finding the conditions for destabilizing actin-lysozyme complexes is of biomedical importance in preventing infections in cystic fibrosis. In this manuscript, the effects of different charge-mutants of lysozyme and salt concentration on the stability of actin-lysozyme complexes are studied using Langevin dynamics simulation. A coarse-grained model of F-actin is used in which both its twist and bending rigidities are considered. We observe that the attraction between F-actins is stronger in the presence of wild-type lysozymes relative to the mutated lysozymes of lower charges. By calculating the potential of mean force between F-actins, we conclude that the stability of actin-lysozyme complexes is decreased by reducing the charge of lysozyme mutants. The distributions of different lysozyme charge-mutants show that wild-type (+9e) lysozymes are mostly accumulated in the center of triangles formed by three adjacent F-actins, while lysozyme mutants of charges +7e and +5e occupy the bridging regions between F-actins. Low-charge mutants of lysozyme (+3e) distribute uniformly around F-actins. A rough estimate of the electrostatic energy for these different distributions proves that the distribution in which lysozymes reside in the center of triangles leads to more stable complexes. Also our results in the presence of a salt suggest that at physiological salt concentration of airway, F-actin complexes are not formed by charge-reduced mutants of lysozyme. The findings are interesting because if we can design charge-reduced lysozyme mutants with considerable antibacterial activity, they are not sequestered inside F-actin aggregates and can play their role as antibacterial agents against airway infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mohammadinejad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
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24
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Bandara HMHN, Herpin MJ, Kolacny D, Harb A, Romanovicz D, Smyth HDC. Incorporation of Farnesol Significantly Increases the Efficacy of Liposomal Ciprofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms in Vitro. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:2760-70. [PMID: 27383205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The challenge of eliminating Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, such as in cystic fibrosis lungs, remains unchanged due to the rapid development of antibiotic resistance. Poor drug penetration into dense P. aeruginosa biofilms plays a vital role in ineffective clearance of the infection. Thus, the current antibiotic therapy against P. aeruginosa biofilms need to be revisited and alternative antibiofilm strategies need to be invented. Fungal quorum sensing molecule (QSM), farnesol, appears to have detrimental effects on P. aeruginosa. Thus, this study aimed to codeliver naturally occurring QSM farnesol, with the antibiotic ciprofloxacin as a liposomal formulation to eradicate P. aeruginosa biofilms. Four different liposomes (with ciprofloxacin and farnesol, Lcip+far; with ciprofloxacin, Lcip; with farnesol, Lfar; control, Lcon) were prepared using dehydration-rehydration method and characterized. Drug entrapment and release were evaluated by spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The efficacy of liposomes was assessed using standard biofilm assay. Liposome-treated 24 h P. aeruginosa biofilms were quantitatively assessed by XTT reduction assay and crystal violet assay, and qualitatively by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ciprofloxacin release from liposomes was higher when encapsulated with farnesol (Lcip+far) compared to Lcip (3.06% vs 1.48%), whereas farnesol release was lower when encapsulated with ciprofloxacin (Lcip+far) compared to Lfar (1.81% vs 4.75%). The biofilm metabolism was significantly lower when treated with Lcip+far or Lcip compared to free ciprofloxacin (XTT, P < 0.05). When administered as Lcip+far, the ciprofloxacin concentration required to achieve similar biofilm inhibition was 125-fold or 10-fold lower compared to free ciprofloxacin or Lcip, respectively (P < 0.05). CLSM and TEM confirmed predominant biofilm disruption, greater dead cell ratio, and increased depth of biofilm killing when treated with Lcip+far compared to other liposomal preparations. Thus, codelivery of farnesol and ciprofloxacin is likely to be a promising approach to battle antibiotic resistant P. aeruginosa biofilms by enhancing biofilm killing at significantly lower antibiotic doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M H N Bandara
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - M J Herpin
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - D Kolacny
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - A Harb
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - D Romanovicz
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - H D C Smyth
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Effect of Human Burn Wound Exudate on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence. mSphere 2016; 1:mSphere00111-15. [PMID: 27303724 PMCID: PMC4894682 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00111-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Burn wound sepsis is currently the main cause of morbidity and mortality after burn trauma. Infections by notorious pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii impair patient recovery and can even lead to fatality. In this study, we investigated the effect of burn wound exudates (BWEs) on the virulence of those pathogens. BWEs were collected within 7 days after burn trauma from 5 burn patients. We first monitored their effect on pathogen growth. In contrast to A. baumannii and S. aureus, P. aeruginosa was the only pathogen able to grow within these human fluids. Expression of typical virulence factors such as pyocyanin and pyoverdine was even enhanced compared the levels seen with standard laboratory medium. A detailed chemical composition analysis of BWE was performed, which enabled us to determine the major components of BWE and underline the metabolic modifications induced by burn trauma. These data are essential for the development of an artificial medium mimicking the burn wound environment and the establishment of an in vitro system to analyze the initial steps of burn wound infections. IMPORTANCE Microbial infection of severe burn wounds is currently a major medical challenge. Of the infections by bacteria able to colonize such injuries, those by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are among the most severe, causing major delays in burn patient recovery or leading to fatal issues. In this study, we investigated the growth properties of several burn wound pathogens in biological fluids secreted from human burn wounds. We found that P. aeruginosa strains were able to proliferate but not those of the other pathogens tested. In addition, burn wound exudates (BWEs) stimulate the expression of virulence factors in P. aeruginosa. The chemical composition analysis of BWEs enabled us to determine the major components of these fluids. These data are essential for the development of an artificial medium mimicking the burn wound environment and for in vitro analysis of the initial step in the development of burn wound infections.
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de Gier MG, Bauke Albada H, Josten M, Willems R, Leavis H, van Mansveld R, Paganelli FL, Dekker B, Lammers JWJ, Sahl HG, Metzler-Nolte N. Synergistic activity of a short lipidated antimicrobial peptide (lipoAMP) and colistin or tobramycin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa from cystic fibrosis patients. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00373c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synergistic effects between a lipoAMP and colistin against clinical P. aeruginosa strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients are described.
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Herron M, Schurr MJ, Murphy CJ, McAnulty JF, Czuprynski CJ, Abbott NL. Gallium-Loaded Dissolvable Microfilm Constructs that Provide Sustained Release of Ga(3+) for Management of Biofilms. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:2849-59. [PMID: 26599466 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The persistence of bacterial biofilms in chronic wounds delays wound healing. Although Ga(3+) can inhibit or kill biofilms, precipitation as Ga(OH)3 has prevented its use as a topical wound treatment. The design of a microfilm construct comprising a polyelectrolyte film that releases noncytotoxic concentrations of Ga(3+) over 20 d and a dissolvable micrometer-thick film of polyvinylalcohol that enables facile transfer onto biomedically important surfaces is reported. By using infrared spectroscopy, it is shown that the density of free carboxylate/carboxylic acid and amine groups within the polyelectrolyte film regulates the capacity of the construct to be loaded with Ga(3+) and that the density of covalent cross-links introduced into the polyelectrolyte film (amide-bonds) controls the release rate of Ga(3+) . Following transfer onto the wound-contact surface of a biologic wound dressing, an optimized construct is demonstrated to release ≈0.7 μg cm(-2) d(-1) of Ga(3+) over 3 weeks, thus continuously replacing Ga(3+) lost to precipitation. The optimized construct inhibits formation of P. aeruginosa (two strains; ATCC 27853 and PA01) biofilms for up to 4 d and causes pre-existing biofilms to disperse. Overall, this study provides designs of polymeric constructs that permit facile modification of the wound-contacting surfaces of dressings and biomaterials to manage biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Herron
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Wisconsin; 1415 Engineering Drive Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Michael J. Schurr
- Department of Surgery; School of Medicine; University of Colorado-Denver; 12631 E. 17th Avenue Aurora CO 80045 USA
| | - Christopher J. Murphy
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences; School of Medicine; Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California-Davis; 1423 Tupper Hall Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Jonathan F. McAnulty
- Department of Surgical Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 2015, Linden Dr Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Charles J. Czuprynski
- Department of Pathobiology; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 2015, Linden Dr Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Nicholas L. Abbott
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Wisconsin; 1415 Engineering Drive Madison WI 53706 USA
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Magalhães AP, Azevedo NF, Pereira MO, Lopes SP. The cystic fibrosis microbiome in an ecological perspective and its impact in antibiotic therapy. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:1163-1181. [PMID: 26637419 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The recent focus on the cystic fibrosis (CF) complex microbiome has led to the recognition that the microbes can interact between them and with the host immune system, affecting the disease progression and treatment routes. Although the main focus remains on the interactions between traditional pathogens, growing evidence supports the contribution and the role of emergent species. Understanding the mechanisms and the biological effects involved in polymicrobial interactions may be the key to improve effective therapies and also to define new strategies for disease control. This review focuses on the interactions between microbe-microbe and host-microbe, from an ecological point of view, discussing their impact on CF disease progression. There are increasing indications that these interactions impact the success of antimicrobial therapy. Consequently, a new approach where therapy is personalized to patients by taking into account their individual CF microbiome is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia P Magalhães
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno F Azevedo
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria O Pereira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Susana P Lopes
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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Rodríguez-Rojas A, Makarova O, Müller U, Rolff J. Cationic Peptides Facilitate Iron-induced Mutagenesis in Bacteria. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005546. [PMID: 26430769 PMCID: PMC4592263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the causative agent of chronic respiratory infections and is an important pathogen of cystic fibrosis patients. Adaptive mutations play an essential role for antimicrobial resistance and persistence. The factors that contribute to bacterial mutagenesis in this environment are not clear. Recently it has been proposed that cationic antimicrobial peptides such as LL-37 could act as mutagens in P. aeruginosa. Here we provide experimental evidence that mutagenesis is the product of a joint action of LL-37 and free iron. By estimating mutation rate, mutant frequencies and assessing mutational spectra in P. aeruginosa treated either with LL-37, iron or a combination of both we demonstrate that mutation rate and mutant frequency were increased only when free iron and LL-37 were present simultaneously. Colistin had the same effect. The addition of an iron chelator completely abolished this mutagenic effect, suggesting that LL-37 enables iron to enter the cells resulting in DNA damage by Fenton reactions. This was also supported by the observation that the mutational spectrum of the bacteria under LL-37-iron regime showed one of the characteristic Fenton reaction fingerprints: C to T transitions. Free iron concentration in nature and within hosts is kept at a very low level, but the situation in infected lungs of cystic fibrosis patients is different. Intermittent bleeding and damage to the epithelial cells in lungs may contribute to the release of free iron that in turn leads to generation of reactive oxygen species and deterioration of the respiratory tract, making it more susceptible to the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandro Rodríguez-Rojas
- Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail: (ARR); (JR)
| | - Olga Makarova
- Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uta Müller
- Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Rolff
- Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail: (ARR); (JR)
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Uses Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase (Lpd) to Bind to the Human Terminal Pathway Regulators Vitronectin and Clusterin to Inhibit Terminal Pathway Complement Attack. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137630. [PMID: 26368530 PMCID: PMC4569481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa controls host innate immune and complement attack. Here we identify Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (Lpd), a 57 kDa moonlighting protein, as the first P. aeruginosa protein that binds the two human terminal pathway inhibitors vitronectin and clusterin. Both human regulators when bound to the bacterium inhibited effector function of the terminal complement, blocked C5b-9 deposition and protected the bacterium from complement damage. P. aeruginosa when challenged with complement active human serum depleted from vitronectin was severely damaged and bacterial survival was reduced by over 50%. Similarly, when in human serum clusterin was blocked by a mAb, bacterial survival was reduced by 44%. Thus, demonstrating that Pseudomonas benefits from attachment of each human regulator and controls complement attack. The Lpd binding site in vitronectin was localized to the C-terminal region, i.e. to residues 354-363. Thus, Lpd of P. aeruginosa is a surface exposed moonlighting protein that binds two human terminal pathway inhibitors, vitronectin and clusterin and each human inhibitor when attached protected the bacterial pathogen from the action of the terminal complement pathway. Our results showed insights into the important function of Lpd as a complement regulator binding protein that might play an important role in virulence of P. aeruginosa.
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Vimberg V, Kuzma M, Stodůlková E, Novák P, Bednárová L, Šulc M, Gažák R. Hydnocarpin-Type Flavonolignans: Semisynthesis and Inhibitory Effects on Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Formation. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2095-103. [PMID: 26273725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new, efficient, and general semisynthesis of hydnocarpin-type flavonolignans was developed and optimized, enabling gram-scale production of hydnocarpin D (2). Moreover, the syntheses of optically pure hydnocarpin isomers [(10R,11R)-hydnocarpin (1a), (10R,11R)-hydnocarpin D (2a), and (10S,11S)-hydnocarpin D (2b)], as well as the synthesis of isohydnocarpin (8), were achieved for the first time utilizing this new method. The synthesis is based on the two-step transformation of the readily available flavonolignans from milk thistle (Silybum marianum), accessible by isolation from the commercial extract silymarin. The first step relies on the regioselective formylation of the C-3 hydroxy group of the dihydroflavonol-type precursor using the Vilsmeier-Haack reagent, followed by formic acid elimination by triethylamine in the second step. The synthesized compounds were effective inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation, with (10S,11S)-hydnocarpin D (2b) being the most potent inhibitor. Furthermore, the effect of glucose on biofilm formation was tested, and glucose decreased the biofilm inhibitory activity of 2b. Moreover, 2b increased the susceptibility of Staph. aureus to enrofloxacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Vimberg
- Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, CZ 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Kuzma
- Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, CZ 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Stodůlková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, CZ 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Novák
- Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, CZ 142 20, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague , Hlavova 8, Prague 2, CZ 128 40, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bednárová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the AS CR , v.v.i., Flemingovo náměstí 2, Prague 6, CZ 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Šulc
- Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, CZ 142 20, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague , Hlavova 8, Prague 2, CZ 128 40, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Gažák
- Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, CZ 142 20, Czech Republic
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Hendaus MA, Jomha FA, Alhammadi AH. Virus-induced secondary bacterial infection: a concise review. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2015; 11:1265-71. [PMID: 26345407 PMCID: PMC4554399 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s87789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases are a very common source of morbidity and mortality among children. Health care providers often face a dilemma when encountering a febrile infant or child with respiratory tract infection. The reason expressed by many clinicians is the trouble to confirm whether the fever is caused by a virus or a bacterium. The aim of this review is to update the current evidence on the virus-induced bacterial infection. We present several clinical as well in vitro studies that support the correlation between virus and secondary bacterial infections. In addition, we discuss the pathophysiology and prevention modes of the virus–bacterium coexistence. A search of the PubMed and MEDLINE databases was carried out for published articles covering bacterial infections associated with respiratory viruses. This review should provide clinicians with a comprehensive idea of the range of bacterial and viral coinfections or secondary infections that could present with viral respiratory illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Hendaus
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic General Pediatrics Division, Weill-Cornell Medical College, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fatima A Jomha
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Khiara, Lebanon
| | - Ahmed H Alhammadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic General Pediatrics Division, Weill-Cornell Medical College, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Ciofu O, Tolker-Nielsen T, Jensen PØ, Wang H, Høiby N. Antimicrobial resistance, respiratory tract infections and role of biofilms in lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 85:7-23. [PMID: 25477303 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lung infection is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis and is mainly dominated by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The biofilm mode of growth makes eradication of the infection impossible, and it causes a chronic inflammation in the airways. The general mechanisms of biofilm formation and antimicrobial tolerance and resistance are reviewed. Potential anti-biofilm therapeutic targets such as weakening of biofilms by quorum-sensing inhibitors or antibiotic killing guided by pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics are presented. The vicious circle of adaptive evolution of the persisting bacteria imposes important therapeutic challenges and requires development of new drug delivery systems able to reach the different niches occupied by the bacteria in the lung of cystic fibrosis patients.
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Julián E, Baelo A, Gavaldà J, Torrents E. Methyl-hydroxylamine as an efficacious antibacterial agent that targets the ribonucleotide reductase enzyme. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122049. [PMID: 25782003 PMCID: PMC4363900 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has encouraged vigorous efforts to develop antimicrobial agents with new mechanisms of action. Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is a key enzyme in DNA replication that acts by converting ribonucleotides into the corresponding deoxyribonucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA replication and repair. RNR has been extensively studied as an ideal target for DNA inhibition, and several drugs that are already available on the market are used for anticancer and antiviral activity. However, the high toxicity of these current drugs to eukaryotic cells does not permit their use as antibacterial agents. Here, we present a radical scavenger compound that inhibited bacterial RNR, and the compound's activity as an antibacterial agent together with its toxicity in eukaryotic cells were evaluated. First, the efficacy of N-methyl-hydroxylamine (M-HA) in inhibiting the growth of different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was demonstrated, and no effect on eukaryotic cells was observed. M-HA showed remarkable efficacy against Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Thus, given the M-HA activity against these two bacteria, our results showed that M-HA has intracellular antimycobacterial activity against BCG-infected macrophages, and it is efficacious in partially disassembling and inhibiting the further formation of P. aeruginosa biofilms. Furthermore, M-HA and ciprofloxacin showed a synergistic effect that caused a massive reduction in a P. aeruginosa biofilm. Overall, our results suggest the vast potential of M-HA as an antibacterial agent, which acts by specifically targeting a bacterial RNR enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Julián
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Aida Baelo
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Bacterial infections and antimicrobial therapies; Baldiri Reixac 15-21, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Gavaldà
- Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Torrents
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Bacterial infections and antimicrobial therapies; Baldiri Reixac 15-21, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Aguayo S, Donos N, Spratt D, Bozec L. Single-bacterium nanomechanics in biomedicine: unravelling the dynamics of bacterial cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:062001. [PMID: 25598514 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/6/062001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of the atomic force microscope (AFM) in microbiology has progressed significantly throughout the years since its first application as a high-resolution imaging instrument. Modern AFM setups are capable of characterizing the nanomechanical behaviour of bacterial cells at both the cellular and molecular levels, where elastic properties and adhesion forces of single bacterium cells can be examined under different experimental conditions. Considering that bacterial and biofilm-mediated infections continue to challenge the biomedical field, it is important to understand the biophysical events leading towards bacterial adhesion and colonization on both biological and non-biological substrates. The purpose of this review is to present the latest findings concerning the field of single-bacterium nanomechanics, and discuss future trends and applications of nanoindentation and single-cell force spectroscopy techniques in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Aguayo
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
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Steenackers H, Dubey A, Robijns S, Ermolat'ev D, Delattin N, Dovgan B, Girandon L, Fröhlich M, De Brucker K, Cammue BPA, Thevissen K, Balzarini J, Van der Eycken EV, Vanderleyden J. Evaluation of the toxicity of 5-aryl-2-aminoimidazole-based biofilm inhibitors against eukaryotic cell lines, bone cells and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Molecules 2014; 19:16707-23. [PMID: 25325155 PMCID: PMC6271933 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191016707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we have synthesized several series of compounds based on the 5-aryl-2-aminoimidazole scaffold, which showed a preventive activity against microbial biofilms. We here studied the cytotoxicity of the most active compounds of each series. First, the cytostatic activity was investigated against a number of tumor cell lines (L1210, CEM and HeLa). A subset of monosubstituted 5-aryl-2-aminoimidazoles showed a moderate safety window, with therapeutic indices (TIs) ranging between 3 and 20. Whereas introduction of a (cyclo-)alkyl chain at the N1-position strongly reduced the TI, introduction of a (cyclo-)alkyl chain or a triazole moiety at the 2N-position increased the TI up to 370. Since a promising application of preventive anti-biofilm agents is their use in anti-biofilm coatings for orthopedic implants, their effects on cell viability and functional behavior of human osteoblasts and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells were tested. The 2N-substituted 5-aryl-2-aminoimidazoles consistently showed the lowest toxicity and allowed survival of the bone cells for up to 4 weeks. Moreover they did not negatively affect the osteogenic differentiation potential of the bone cells. Finally, we examined the effect of the compounds on the survival of Caenorhabditis elegans, which confirmed the higher safety window of 2N-substituted 5-aryl-2-aminoimidazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Steenackers
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box 2460, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Akanksha Dubey
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box 2460, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stijn Robijns
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box 2460, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Denis Ermolat'ev
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Delattin
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box 2460, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Katrijn De Brucker
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box 2460, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bruno P A Cammue
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box 2460, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin Thevissen
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box 2460, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik V Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jozef Vanderleyden
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box 2460, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Genome-wide evaluation of the interplay between Caenorhabditis elegans and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis during in vivo biofilm formation. Infect Immun 2014; 83:17-27. [PMID: 25312958 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00110-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of an incapacitating biofilm on Caenorhabditis elegans by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis represents a tractable model for investigating the genetic basis for host-pathogen interplay during the biofilm-mediated infection of a living surface. Previously we established a role for quorum sensing (QS) and the master motility regulator, FlhDC, in biofilm formation by Y. pseudotuberculosis on C. elegans. To obtain further genome-wide insights, we used transcriptomic analysis to obtain comparative information on C. elegans in the presence and absence of biofilm and on wild-type Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. pseudotuberculosis QS mutants. Infection of C. elegans with the wild-type Y. pseudotuberculosis resulted in the differential regulation of numerous genes, including a distinct subset of nematode C-lectin (clec) and fatty acid desaturase (fat) genes. Evaluation of the corresponding C. elegans clec-49 and fat-3 deletion mutants showed delayed biofilm formation and abolished biofilm formation, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis of Y. pseudotuberculosis revealed that genes located in both of the histidine utilization (hut) operons were upregulated in both QS and flhDC mutants. In addition, mutation of the regulatory gene hutC resulted in the loss of biofilm, increased expression of flhDC, and enhanced swimming motility. These data are consistent with the existence of a regulatory cascade in which the Hut pathway links QS and flhDC. This work also indicates that biofilm formation by Y. pseudotuberculosis on C. elegans is an interactive process during which the initial attachment/recognition of Yersinia to/by C. elegans is followed by bacterial growth and biofilm formation.
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Sousa AM, Pereira MO. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Diversification during Infection Development in Cystic Fibrosis Lungs-A Review. Pathogens 2014; 3:680-703. [PMID: 25438018 PMCID: PMC4243435 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens3030680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most prevalent pathogen of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. Its long persistence in CF airways is associated with sophisticated mechanisms of adaptation, including biofilm formation, resistance to antibiotics, hypermutability and customized pathogenicity in which virulence factors are expressed according the infection stage. CF adaptation is triggered by high selective pressure of inflamed CF lungs and by antibiotic treatments. Bacteria undergo genetic, phenotypic, and physiological variations that are fastened by the repeating interplay of mutation and selection. During CF infection development, P. aeruginosa gradually shifts from an acute virulent pathogen of early infection to a host-adapted pathogen of chronic infection. This paper reviews the most common changes undergone by P. aeruginosa at each stage of infection development in CF lungs. The comprehensive understanding of the adaptation process of P. aeruginosa may help to design more effective antimicrobial treatments and to identify new targets for future drugs to prevent the progression of infection to chronic stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Sousa
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Maria Olívia Pereira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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Daddaoua A, Molina-Santiago C, de la Torre J, Krell T, Ramos JL. GtrS and GltR form a two-component system: the central role of 2-ketogluconate in the expression of exotoxin A and glucose catabolic enzymes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:7654-63. [PMID: 24920832 PMCID: PMC4081096 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the GltR regulator is required for glucose transport, whereas GtrS is a sensor kinase that plays a key role in mediating bacteria-host interaction and pathogen dissemination in the host. We show that GtrS and GltR form a two-component system that regulates the expression from the promoters Pedd/gap-1, PoprB and Pglk, which control the expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism and transport. In addition, the GtrS/GltR pair regulates the expression of toxA that encodes exotoxin A, the primary virulence factor. Microcalorimetry-based ligand screening of the recombinant GtrS ligand-binding domain revealed specific binding of 2-ketogluconate (2-KG) (KD=5 μM) and 6-phosphogluconate (KD=98 μM). These effectors accelerate GtrS autophosphorylation, with concomitant transphosphorylation of GltR leading to a three-fold increase in transcription. Surprisingly, in vivo a similar increase in expression from the above promoters was observed for the mutant deficient in GltR regardless of the presence of effectors. The GltR operator site was found to contain the consensus sequence 5'-tgGTTTTTc-3'. We propose that 2-KG is a key metabolite in the stringent transcriptional control of genes involved in virulence and glucose metabolism. We show that GltR is a transcriptional repressor that is released from DNA upon phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelali Daddaoua
- Department of Environmental Protection, CSIC-EEZ, C/Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Molina-Santiago
- Department of Environmental Protection, CSIC-EEZ, C/Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús de la Torre
- Department of Environmental Protection, CSIC-EEZ, C/Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Environmental Protection, CSIC-EEZ, C/Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan-Luis Ramos
- Department of Environmental Protection, CSIC-EEZ, C/Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
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Emergent bacteria in cystic fibrosis: in vitro biofilm formation and resilience under variable oxygen conditions. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:678301. [PMID: 24868541 PMCID: PMC4020565 DOI: 10.1155/2014/678301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Concurrent to conventional bacterial pathogens, unusual microbes are emerging from cystic fibrosis (CF) airways. Nonetheless, little is known about the contribution of these newly microbes to the resilience of CF-associated biofilms, particularly under variable-oxygen concentrations that are known to occur in vivo in the mucus of CF patients. Two CF-emergent bacterial species, Inquilinus limosus and Dolosigranulum pigrum, and the major pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied in terms of biofilm development and antibiotic susceptibilities under in vitro atmospheres with different oxygen availabilities. All species were able to develop in vitro biofilms under different oxygen-available environments, with D. pigrum accumulating high amounts of biomass and respiratory activities. When established, biofilms were of difficult eradication, with antibiotics losing their effectiveness in comparison with the corresponding planktonic populations. Surprisingly, biofilms of each emergent organism displayed multidrug resistance under aerobic environments, enduring even in low-oxygen atmospheres. This study suggests a potential prospect on the impact of nonconventional organisms I. limosus and D. pigrum on CF lung infections, demonstrating capacity to adapt to biofilm mode of life under restricted-oxygen atmospheres resembling CF airways, which may ultimately endanger the efficacy of currently used antibiotic regimens.
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Su S, Panmanee W, Wilson JJ, Mahtani HK, Li Q, VanderWielen BD, Makris TM, Rogers M, McDaniel C, Lipscomb JD, Irvin RT, Schurr MJ, Lancaster JR, Kovall RA, Hassett DJ. Catalase (KatA) plays a role in protection against anaerobic nitric oxide in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91813. [PMID: 24663218 PMCID: PMC3963858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a common bacterial pathogen, responsible for a high incidence of nosocomial and respiratory infections. KatA is the major catalase of PA that detoxifies hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a reactive oxygen intermediate generated during aerobic respiration. Paradoxically, PA displays elevated KatA activity under anaerobic growth conditions where the substrate of KatA, H2O2, is not produced. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the mechanism underlying this phenomenon and define the role of KatA in PA during anaerobiosis using genetic, biochemical and biophysical approaches. We demonstrated that anaerobic wild-type PAO1 cells yielded higher levels of katA transcription and expression than aerobic cells, whereas a nitrite reductase mutant ΔnirS produced ∼50% the KatA activity of PAO1, suggesting that a basal NO level was required for the increased KatA activity. We also found that transcription of the katA gene was controlled, in part, by the master anaerobic regulator, ANR. A ΔkatA mutant and a mucoid mucA22 ΔkatA bacteria demonstrated increased sensitivity to acidified nitrite (an NO generator) in anaerobic planktonic and biofilm cultures. EPR spectra of anaerobic bacteria showed that levels of dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNIC), indicators of NO stress, were increased significantly in the ΔkatA mutant, and dramatically in a ΔnorCB mutant compared to basal levels of DNIC in PAO1 and ΔnirS mutant. Expression of KatA dramatically reduced the DNIC levels in ΔnorCB mutant. We further revealed direct NO-KatA interactions in vitro using EPR, optical spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. KatA has a 5-coordinate high spin ferric heme that binds NO without prior reduction of the heme iron (Kd ∼6 μM). Collectively, we conclude that KatA is expressed to protect PA against NO generated during anaerobic respiration. We proposed that such protective effects of KatA may involve buffering of free NO when potentially toxic concentrations of NO are approached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchang Su
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Warunya Panmanee
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey J. Wilson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Harry K. Mahtani
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, and Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Qian Li
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, and Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Bradley D. VanderWielen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Thomas M. Makris
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Melanie Rogers
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Cameron McDaniel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - John D. Lipscomb
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Randall T. Irvin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael J. Schurr
- Department of Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jack R. Lancaster
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, and Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Rhett A. Kovall
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Hassett
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Powell LC, Pritchard MF, Emanuel C, Onsøyen E, Rye PD, Wright CJ, Hill KE, Thomas DW. A Nanoscale Characterization of the Interaction of a Novel Alginate Oligomer with the Cell Surface and Motility ofPseudomonas aeruginosa. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 50:483-92. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0287oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): evaluation from clinical, immunological and bacterial pathogenesis perspectives. J Microbiol 2014; 52:211-26. [PMID: 24585052 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-014-4068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a disease manifested by significantly impaired airflow, afflicts ∼14.2 million cases in the United States alone with an estimated 63 million people world-wide. Although there are a number of causes, the predominant cause is excessive tobacco smoke. In fact, in China, there have been estimates of 315,000,000 people that smoke. Other less frequent causes are associated with indirect cigarette smoke, air pollutants, biomass fuels, and genetic mutations. COPD is often associated with heart disease, lung cancer, osteoporosis and conditions can worsen in patients with sudden falls. COPD also affects both innate and adaptive immune processes. Cigarette smoke increases the expression of matrix metalloproteases and proinflammatory chemokines and increases lung titers of natural killer cells and neutrophils. Yet, neutrophil reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated by the phagocytic respiratory burst and phagocytosis is impaired by nicotine. In contrast to innate immunity in COPD, dendritic cells represent leukocytes recruited to the lung that link the innate immune responses to adaptive immune responses by activating naïve T cells through antigen presentation. The autoimmune process that is also a significant part of inflammation associated with COPD. Moreover, coupled with restricted FEV1 values, are the prevalence of patients with single or multiple infections by bacteria, viruses and fungi. Finally, we focus on one of the more problematic infectious agents, the Gram-negative opportunistic pathogenic bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Specifically, we delve into the development of highly problematic biofilm infections that are highly refractory to conventional antibiotic therapies in COPD. We offer a non-conventional, biocidal treatment that may be effective for COPD airway infections as well as with combinations of current antibiotic regimens for more effective treatment outcomes and relief for patients with COPD.
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Lepanto P, Lecumberry F, Rossello J, Kierbel A. A confocal microscopy image analysis method to measure adhesion and internalization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa multicellular structures into epithelial cells. Mol Cell Probes 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Fothergill JL, Winstanley C, James CE. Novel therapeutic strategies to counterPseudomonas aeruginosainfections. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2014; 10:219-35. [DOI: 10.1586/eri.11.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Hoe S, Semler DD, Goudie AD, Lynch KH, Matinkhoo S, Finlay WH, Dennis JJ, Vehring R. Respirable Bacteriophages for the Treatment of Bacterial Lung Infections. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2013; 26:317-35. [DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2012.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hoe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
| | - Diana D. Semler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Amanda D. Goudie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Karlene H. Lynch
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Sadaf Matinkhoo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
| | - Warren H. Finlay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
| | - Jonathan J. Dennis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
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Blakey R, Nakouti I, Korostynska O, Mason A, Al-Shamma'a A. Real-Time Monitoring of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Concentration Using a Novel Electromagnetic Sensors Microfluidic Cell Structure. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2013; 60:3291-7. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2013.2268277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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48
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Audia JP, Lindsey AS, Housley NA, Ochoa CR, Zhou C, Toba M, Oka M, Annamdevula NS, Fitzgerald MS, Frank DW, Alvarez DF. In the absence of effector proteins, the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type three secretion system needle tip complex contributes to lung injury and systemic inflammatory responses. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81792. [PMID: 24312357 PMCID: PMC3842252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we describe a pathogenic role for the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type three secretion system (T3SS) needle tip complex protein, PcrV, in causing lung endothelial injury. We first established a model in which P. aeruginosa wild type strain PA103 caused pneumonia-induced sepsis and distal organ dysfunction. Interestingly, a PA103 derivative strain lacking its two known secreted effectors, ExoU and ExoT [denoted PA103 (ΔU/ΔT)], also caused sepsis and modest distal organ injury whereas an isogenic PA103 strain lacking the T3SS needle tip complex assembly protein [denoted PA103 (ΔPcrV)] did not. PA103 (ΔU/ΔT) infection caused neutrophil influx into the lung parenchyma, lung endothelial injury, and distal organ injury (reminiscent of sepsis). In contrast, PA103 (ΔPcrV) infection caused nominal neutrophil infiltration and lung endothelial injury, but no distal organ injury. We further examined pathogenic mechanisms of the T3SS needle tip complex using cultured rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) and revealed a two-phase, temporal nature of infection. At 5-hours post-inoculation (early phase infection), PA103 (ΔU/ΔT) elicited PMVEC barrier disruption via perturbation of the actin cytoskeleton and did so in a cell death-independent manner. Conversely, PA103 (ΔPcrV) infection did not elicit early phase PMVEC barrier disruption. At 24-hours post-inoculation (late phase infection), PA103 (ΔU/ΔT) induced PMVEC damage and death that displayed an apoptotic component. Although PA103 (ΔPcrV) infection induced late phase PMVEC damage and death, it did so to an attenuated extent. The PA103 (ΔU/ΔT) and PA103 (ΔPcrV) mutants grew at similar rates and were able to adhere equally to PMVECs post-inoculation indicating that the observed differences in damage and barrier disruption are likely attributable to T3SS needle tip complex-mediated pathogenic differences post host cell attachment. Together, these infection data suggest that the T3SS needle tip complex and/or another undefined secreted effector(s) are important determinants of P. aeruginosa pneumonia-induced lung endothelial barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon P. Audia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JPA); (DFA)
| | - Ashley S. Lindsey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Nicole A. Housley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Courtney R. Ochoa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Chun Zhou
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Michie Toba
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Masahiko Oka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Naga S. Annamdevula
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Meshann S. Fitzgerald
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Dara W. Frank
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Diego F. Alvarez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JPA); (DFA)
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Alipour M, Omri A, Lui EM, Suntres ZE. Co-administration of aqueous ginseng extract with tobramycin stimulates the pro-inflammatory response and promotes the killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lungs of infected rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 91:935-40. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2013-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
North American ginseng is known to have immunomodulatory and antipseudomonal properties in vitro. In this study we investigated the effects of aqueous ginseng extract, either alone or in a combination with the antibiotic tobramycin, in an animal model of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection. The lungs of male rats (n = 5) were infected with P. aeruginosa (2 × 108 cfu/mL) in agar-beads by intratracheal instillation. Starting on day 7 post-infection, animals were treated daily for 3 consecutive days with saline, tobramycin (300 μg/kg body mass, intratracheal), and (or) ginseng (100 mg/kg body mass, subcutaneous); animals were sacrificed 24 h after the third drug treatment. Lung bacteria counts, cytokine levels in sera, and lung histopathology were examined. The treatment of infected animals with tobramycin [6.6 × 104 colony forming units (cfu)], ginseng (5.3 × 104 cfu), or tobramycin plus ginseng (2.0 × 103 cfu) lessened the lung infection compared with the control group (saline treated) (6.0 × 106 cfu). The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12p70, IFN-γ, GM-CSF, TNF-α) in infected animals were significantly increased with co-treatment of ginseng plus tobramycin. These data suggest that co-administration of aqueous ginseng extract and tobramycin stimulated the pro-inflammatory response and promoted the killing of P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misagh Alipour
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Ontario Ginseng Innovation and Research Consortium, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edmund M.K. Lui
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Ontario Ginseng Innovation and Research Consortium, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zacharias E. Suntres
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Ontario Ginseng Innovation and Research Consortium, London, Ontario, Canada
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