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Gooding P, Haddock G, Harris K, Asriah M, Awenat Y, Cook L, Drake RJ, Emsley R, Huggett C, Jones S, Lobban F, Marshall P, Pratt D, Peters S. The interplay between suicidal experiences, psychotic experiences and interpersonal relationships: a qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:873. [PMID: 38001403 PMCID: PMC10668454 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05164-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal thoughts, acts, plans and deaths are considerably more prevalent in people with non-affective psychosis, including schizophrenia, compared to the general population. Social isolation and interpersonal difficulties have been implicated in pathways which underpin suicidal experiences in people with severe mental health problems. However, the interactions between psychotic experiences, such as hallucinations and paranoia, suicidal experiences, and the presence, and indeed, absence of interpersonal relationships is poorly understood and insufficiently explored. The current study sought to contribute to this understanding. METHODS An inductive thematic analysis was conducted on transcripts of 22, individual, semi-structured interviews with adult participants who had both non-affective psychosis and recent suicidal experiences. A purposive sampling strategy was used. Trustworthiness of the analysis was assured with researcher triangulation. RESULTS Participants relayed both positive and negative experiences of interpersonal relationships. A novel conceptual model is presented reflecting a highly complex interplay between a range of different suicidal experiences, psychosis, and aspects of interpersonal relationships. Three themes fed into this interplay, depicting dynamics between perceptions of i. not mattering and mattering, ii. becoming disconnected from other people, and iii. constraints versus freedom associated with sharing suicidal and psychotic experiences with others. CONCLUSION This study revealed a detailed insight into ways in which interpersonal relationships are perceived to interact with psychotic and suicidal experiences in ways that can be both beneficial and challenging. This is important from scientific and clinical perspectives for understanding the complex pathways involved in suicidal experiences. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03114917), 14th April 2017. ISRCTN (reference ISRCTN17776666 .); 5th June 2017). Registration was recorded prior to participant recruitment commencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gooding
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Coupland Building 1, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
| | - Gillian Haddock
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Coupland Building 1, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Kamelia Harris
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Coupland Building 1, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Menita Asriah
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Coupland Building 1, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Yvonne Awenat
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Coupland Building 1, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Leanne Cook
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Coupland Building 1, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Richard J Drake
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Coupland Building 1, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Richard Emsley
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Charlotte Huggett
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Coupland Building 1, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Steven Jones
- Lancashire and South Cumbria, NHS Foundation Trust, Lancashire, UK
- Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Fiona Lobban
- Lancashire and South Cumbria, NHS Foundation Trust, Lancashire, UK
- Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Paul Marshall
- Lancashire and South Cumbria, NHS Foundation Trust, Lancashire, UK
- Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Daniel Pratt
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Coupland Building 1, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah Peters
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Coupland Building 1, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Messias E, Salas J, Scherrer JF. Patient characteristics prior to suicide attempts among Hispanics compared to non-Hispanic whites in the United States. J Affect Disord 2022; 308:130-133. [PMID: 35429527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide rates among Hispanics in the United States are much lower than rates among Whites. The reasons for this difference are uncertain, therefore we compared patient characteristics between Hispanic and White patients with a suicide attempt. METHODS Patients with a suicide attempt (n = 8641) between 2012 and 2018 were identified by ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes in a nationally distributed electronic health record data base. Patient demographics, geographic region, health services use, depression treatment, psychiatric and physical comorbidities were measured in the 2 years prior to a suicide attempt. RESULTS Most patients with a suicide attempt were White (78.6%) and 6.2% were Hispanic, a majority were 36-64 years of age and 57.3% were female. Younger age and lack of health insurance were significantly (p < .0001) more common among Hispanic compared to White patients with a suicide attempt. Depression treatment was significantly (p < .0001) less common among Hispanic vs. White patients. Sleep disorder and all psychiatric and substance use disorders, except for drug use disorder, were significantly (p-value range: 0.026-<0.0001) more prevalent in the two years before suicide attempt in White patients. CONCLUSIONS Diagnosed psychopathology is more common among White vs. Hispanic patients who attempt suicide. Lack of insurance and low depression treatment rates may be associated with suicide attempt among Hispanics. Additional research is needed to determine the mix of factors that predict suicide attempt among Whites, Hispanics, and other minorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Messias
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand, St. Louis, MO 63104, United States of America.
| | - Joanne Salas
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1008 S. Spring, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Advanced HEAlth Data (AHEAD) Research Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1008 S. Spring, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey F Scherrer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand, St. Louis, MO 63104, United States of America; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1008 S. Spring, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Advanced HEAlth Data (AHEAD) Research Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1008 S. Spring, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
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The Rising Tide of Elderly African-American Suicides: A Call for Action. J Natl Med Assoc 2021; 113:493-498. [PMID: 33931203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Suicides are among the leading causes of death in elderly Americans. The problem is expected to grow with an aging population in the U.S. Suicides in African-American elderly are not well studied. This article enumerates the risk factors for suicidal behaviors in elderly African-Americans; presents an epidemiological assessment of suicides in elderly African-Americans from 2010 to 2018 with gender-specific differences, and explores public health considerations for helping to reduce the growing numbers of suicides in elderly African-Americans. Currently, there are very limited evidence-based interventions to reduce or prevent suicides in older African-Americans. This article also provides implications and recommendations for prevention practice and research that is needed to help alleviate suicides in older African-Americans.
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Du L, Shi HY, Qian Y, Jin XH, Li Y, Yu HR, Liu XM, Fu XL, Chen HL. Association between social support and suicidal ideation in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2020; 30:e13382. [PMID: 33277772 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantitatively examine the relationship between social support and suicidal ideation (SI) among patients with cancer and identify the moderators that influence the magnitude of this association. METHODS Publications were searched in PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure from database inception to May, 2020. Correlation coefficients (r) were chosen as the effect size with a random model to evaluate the overall effect size between social support and SI in patients with cancer. To assess statistical heterogeneity, we examined potential moderator variables on the social support and SI. RESULTS A total of 881 studies were identified in initial search, and twelve studies were eligible. A negative, small but significant correlation (r = -0.22, 95% CIs: -0.30,-0.14, p < 0.001) was observed between social support and SI in patients with cancer, with a significant heterogeneity (I2 = 95.24%, Q = 231.27, p < 0.001). Moderator analyses indicated that race/ethnicity (Q(1) = 8.4, p < 0.05) and measurements of social support (Q(3) = 9.78, p < 0.05) and SI (Q(3) = 9.69, p < 0.05) significantly moderate the effect size between social support and SI. CONCLUSION Taken together, we found a negative yet significant association between social support and SI in patients with cancer, which supported the importance of social support for the prevention of SI in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Du
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hai-Yan Shi
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Rugao People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Qian
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Jin
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hai-Rong Yu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiao-Man Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue-Lei Fu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hong-Lin Chen
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Kota KK, Salazar LF, Culbreth RE, Crosby RA, Jones J. Psychosocial mediators of perceived stigma and suicidal ideation among transgender women. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:125. [PMID: 31996181 PMCID: PMC6990557 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8177-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transgender women (TGW) in the U.S. experience high rates of stigma, depression, and elevated rates of suicide. This study examined correlates of suicidal ideation and estimated the conditional indirect effects of perceived stigma and psychosocial mediators on suicidal ideation. Methods Using a cross-sectional study design, TGW (N = 92) were recruited through snowball sampling in Atlanta, Georgia. Structured interviews were conducted. Suicidal ideation was assessed by combining two variables that measured suicidal thoughts. Logistic regression models were performed to identify the potential risk and protective factors for suicidal ideation. We examined hypothesized psychosocial factors, including anxiety, depression, psychosocial impact of gender minority status, and substance use behaviors as potential mediators for the relationship between perceived stigma and suicidal ideation. All models were controlled for age, race, education, and homelessness. Results Suicidal ideation was reported by 33% (N = 30) of the study participants. In multivariable analysis, suicidal ideation was associated with sexual abuse (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI = 1.10–9.30), anxiety (AOR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.10–2.73), family verbal abuse (AOR = 2.99, 95% CI = 1.10–8.40), stranger verbal abuse (AOR = 3.21, 95% CI = 1.02–10.08), and psychosocial impact of gender minority status (AOR = 3.42, 95% CI = 1.81–6.46). Partner support was found to be the protective factor for suicidal ideation (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.13–0.90). In the mediation analysis, the psychosocial impact of gender minority status mediated the relationship between perceived stigma and suicidal ideation. The estimated conditional indirect effect was 0.46, (95% CI = 0.12–1.11). Conclusion Interventions that aim to reduce suicidal behaviors among TGW should address stigma, psychosocial impact of gender minority status, and different forms of violence and abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kiran Kota
- Department of Health Policy & Behavioral Science, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, PO Box 3984, Atlanta, GA, 30302-3984, USA
| | - Laura F Salazar
- Department of Health Policy & Behavioral Science, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, PO Box 3984, Atlanta, GA, 30302-3984, USA.
| | - Rachel E Culbreth
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Richard A Crosby
- Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Kinsey Institute for Research on Sex, Gender, and Reproduction, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Jamal Jones
- Department of Health Policy & Behavioral Science, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, PO Box 3984, Atlanta, GA, 30302-3984, USA
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Kang N, You J, Huang J, Ren Y, Lin MP, Xu S. Understanding the Pathways from Depression to Suicidal Risk from the Perspective of the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2019; 49:684-694. [PMID: 29578277 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is a major public health concern, especially in adolescence. Identifying risk factors for suicide is important to effectively prevent such behavior. Depression is one of the most widely examined risk factors for suicidal risk. How depression and suicidal risk are related, however, is still not clear. This study tested a model with three key constructs of the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior (IPTS)-perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI)-as mediators in the relationship between depression and suicidal risk among Chinese adolescents. Chinese high school students (N = 1,074; 54.2% male; Mage = 13.87 years, SD = 1.48) completed questionnaires assessing all study variables. Results suggested that perceived burdensomeness and NSSI partially mediated the relationship between depression and suicidal risk. Findings of this study emphasize the importance of the IPTS framework in understanding the possible mechanisms underlying the relationship between depression and suicidal risk, and suggest a possible avenue for suicide interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Kang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianing You
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyi Huang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaxuan Ren
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Pei Lin
- National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, China
| | - Sian Xu
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Nguyen AW, Chatters LM, Taylor RJ, Aranda MP, Lincoln KD, Thomas CS. Discrimination, Serious Psychological Distress, and Church-Based Emotional Support Among African American Men Across the Life Span. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2019; 73:198-207. [PMID: 29106656 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbx083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study tested whether church-based social support buffers the negative effects of discrimination on serious psychological distress (SPD) among three age groups-early, middle, and late adulthood-of African American men. Methods Negative binominal regression analyses for discrimination and SPD were performed using data from 1,271 African American men from the National Survey of American Life. Results Discrimination was positively associated with SPD for all age groups. An interaction between church-based support and discrimination indicated that under conditions of high levels of support from congregants, discrimination, and SPD were positively correlated. However, discrimination and SPD were unrelated for low levels of church-based support. Further, the interaction was significant for men aged 18-34 and 55 or older but not significant for men aged 35-54. Discussion This is the first study to document relationships among discrimination, SPD, and church-based support in a nationally representative sample of African American men. Overall, rather than revealing a stress-buffering function, findings were consistent with the resource mobilization perspective of social support, indicating that higher levels of assistance from church networks are provided when individuals experience high levels of both discrimination and SPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann W Nguyen
- Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | | | - María P Aranda
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Karen D Lincoln
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Courtney S Thomas
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles
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Walker KL, Hirsch JK, Chang EC, Jeglic EL. Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Suicidal Behavior in a Diverse Sample: The Moderating Role of Social Problem-Solving Ability. Int J Ment Health Addict 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-017-9755-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Campos RC, Holden RR, Laranjeira P, Troister T, Oliveira AR, Costa F, Abreu M, Fresca N. Self-report depressive symptoms do not directly predict suicidality in nonclinical individuals: Contributions toward a more psychosocial approach to suicide risk. DEATH STUDIES 2016; 40:335-349. [PMID: 26890066 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2016.1150920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Although suicidality is associated with mental illness in general and depression in particular, many depressed individuals do not attempt suicide and some individuals who attempt to or do die by suicide do not present depressive symptoms. This article aims to contribute to a more psychosocial approach to understanding suicide risk in nonclinical populations. In advocating a psychosocial perspective rather than a depression-focused approach, this article presents four diverse studies that demonstrate sampling and measurement invariance in findings across different populations and specific measures. Study 1 tests the mediation effects of 2 interpersonal variables, thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness, in the association between depressive symptoms and recent suicidality. Studies 2 and 3 evaluate the contribution of hopelessness and psychache, beyond depressive symptoms, to suicidality. Study 4 tests the contribution of life events behind depressive symptoms, and other relevant sociodemographic and clinical variables, to the estimation of "future suicidality." Overall, results demonstrate that depressive symptoms do not directly predict suicidality in nonclinical individuals, but that other psychosocial variables mediate the association between depressive symptoms and suicidality or predict suicidality when statistically controlling for depressive symptoms. The article contributes to understanding some of the nonpsychopathological factors that potentially link depressive symptoms to suicide risk and that might themselves contribute to suicidality, even when controlling for depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui C Campos
- a Departamento de Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Sociais e Centro de Investigação em Educação e Psicologia , University of Évora , Évora , Portugal
| | - Ronald R Holden
- b Department of Psychology , Queen's University , Kingston , Ontario , Canada
| | - Patrícia Laranjeira
- c Departamento de Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Sociais , University of Évora , Évora , Portugal
| | - Talia Troister
- b Department of Psychology , Queen's University , Kingston , Ontario , Canada
| | - Ana Rita Oliveira
- c Departamento de Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Sociais , University of Évora , Évora , Portugal
| | - Fátima Costa
- c Departamento de Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Sociais , University of Évora , Évora , Portugal
| | - Marta Abreu
- c Departamento de Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Sociais , University of Évora , Évora , Portugal
| | - Natália Fresca
- c Departamento de Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Sociais , University of Évora , Évora , Portugal
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Nguyen AW, Chatters LM, Taylor RJ, Mouzon DM. Social Support from Family and Friends and Subjective Well-Being of Older African Americans. JOURNAL OF HAPPINESS STUDIES 2016; 17:959-979. [PMID: 27212890 PMCID: PMC4869534 DOI: 10.1007/s10902-015-9626-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann W Nguyen
- School of Social Work, Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church Street, Room 3269 East Hall, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Linda M Chatters
- School of Public Health, School of Social Work, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Room 3818 SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Robert Joseph Taylor
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, 1080 South University Avenue, Room 3778 SSWB, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Dawne M Mouzon
- Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 33 Livingston Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
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Marco JH, Pérez S, García-Alandete J. Meaning in Life Buffers the Association Between Risk Factors for Suicide and Hopelessness in Participants With Mental Disorders. J Clin Psychol 2016; 72:689-700. [PMID: 26990856 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hopelessness is a proximal risk factor of suicide. Meaning in life has been found to be a protective factor against suicidal ideation; however, the majority of studies that have explored the role of meaning in life in the context of suicidality have been conducted in nonclinical populations. The aim of this study was to investigate whether meaning in life can moderate and buffer the association between suicide risk factors and hopelessness in a clinical sample with a heightened risk of suicide. METHOD A total of 224 participants diagnosed with mental disorders completed self-report measures of suicide risk factors, hopelessness, and meaning in life. RESULTS The main result from this study was that meaning in life moderated the association between suicide risk factors and hopelessness. CONCLUSION Meaning in life is an important variable in the prevention and treatment of people at risk of suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- José H Marco
- Universidad Católica de Valencia "San Vicente Mártir"
| | - Sandra Pérez
- Universidad Católica de Valencia "San Vicente Mártir"
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Walker RL, Salami TK, Carter SE, Flowers K. Perceived racism and suicide ideation: mediating role of depression but moderating role of religiosity among African American adults. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2014; 44:548-59. [PMID: 24690042 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is a public health problem for African Americans who are young and of working age. The purpose of this study was to examine mediated and moderated effects of perceived racism on suicide ideation in a community sample of 236 African American men and women. Measures of suicide ideation, depression symptoms, intrinsic/extrinsic religiosity, and perceived racism were administered. Perceived racial discrimination was directly and indirectly associated with suicide ideation. For participants who reported low levels of extrinsic religiosity, the mediated effect of perceived racism (via depression symptoms) was significant. These findings provide some insight into suicide vulnerability for specific subgroups of African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rheeda L Walker
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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McCullumsmith CB, Clark CB, Perkins A, Fife J, Cropsey KL. Gender and racial differences for suicide attempters and ideators in a high-risk community corrections population. CRISIS 2013. [PMID: 23195454 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community corrections populations are a high-risk group who carry multiple suicide risk factors. AIMS To identify factors correlated with historical suicide attempts and ideation among African-American men, African-American women, White men, and White women in a community corrections population. METHOD Self-report data from 18,753 enrollees in community corrections were analyzed. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine associations between historical suicidal ideation and attempts among the four demographic groups. RESULTS Participants with historical suicide attempts tended to be younger, White, female, be taking psychotropic medication, have a history of physical or sexual abuse, and meet criteria for dependence on alcohol, amphetamines, cocaine, opioids, or sedatives. Five variables were commonly associated with suicide attempts for all four race/gender groups: younger age, being on disability or retirement, taking psychotropic medication, history of sexual or physical abuse, and cocaine dependence. Other demographic variables had race or gender specificities as risk factors for suicide attempts. CONCLUSIONS Participants had high rates of historical suicide attempts with unique correlates differentiating attempters from ideators among different racial and gender groups. Cocaine dependence was universal predictor of suicide attempts, while other substance dependencies show specific racial and gender profiles associated with suicide attempts.
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Abstract
Suicide-related outcomes are a major public health challenge in communities of color in the United States. To address these challenges, this Major Contribution makes theoretical, empirical, and practice-related contributions to scholarship on suicide-related outcomes among people of color. In this article, the authors present a new framework to conceptualize previous suicidology scholarship, address existing literature gaps, and inform counseling psychologists’ future work on suicide-related outcomes in U.S. communities of color. The framework consists of three components and nine principles that highlight the types of constructs, populations, and preventive interventions that should be emphasized in theory, research, and practice addressing suicide-related outcomes in communities of color. The authors explain why suicide-related outcomes in communities of color deserve attention, describe the framework, and discuss implications of the framework for future practice and training. It is hoped that this framework can serve as a resource and impetus for new paradigms of suicidology work in communities of color.
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Widom CS, Czaja S, Wilson HW, Allwood M, Chauhan P. Do the long-term consequences of neglect differ for children of different races and ethnic backgrounds? CHILD MALTREATMENT 2013; 18:42-55. [PMID: 23076836 DOI: 10.1177/1077559512460728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Scant research has examined how children of different races or ethnic backgrounds manifest consequences of neglect. We examined multiple domains of functioning (academic/intellectual, social/behavioral, and psychiatric), three theories (racial invariance, double jeopardy, and resilience), and potential confounding variables. Children with documented cases of neglect (ages 0-11) and matched controls without such histories were followed up and interviewed in adulthood (N = 1,039). The sample was 47.3% female, 62.4% White, 34.3% Black, and 3.4% Hispanic. Black and White neglected children showed negative consequences for IQ, reading ability, and occupational status compared to controls. Compared to same race and ethnic group controls, neglected White children showed extensive mental health consequences, Black children showed more anxiety and dysthymia, and Hispanic children showed increased risk for alcohol problems. Black and White neglected children differed in risk for violence compared to same race controls: Neglected Black children were arrested for violence two times more often than Black controls, whereas neglected White children were more likely than White controls to report engaging in violence. Findings provide some support for each theory (racial invariance, double jeopardy, and resilience). Understanding the factors that account for similarities and differences in consequences requires further investigation. Implications for research and policy are discussed.
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Samples TC, Woods A, Davis TA, Rhodes M, Shahane A, Kaslow NJ. Race of Interviewer Effect on Disclosures of Suicidal Low-Income African American Women. JOURNAL OF BLACK PSYCHOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/0095798412469228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the impact of interviewer race on the results gleaned through psychological assessment. African American and European American clinical evaluators conducted face-to-face interviews with 161 low-income African American women seeking services at an inner-city hospital following a suicide attempt. Participants were administered measures related to various current life stressors, including the Survey for Recent Life Events, which assesses various forms of daily hassles, and the Index of Spouse Abuse, which taps both physical and nonphysical intimate partner violence (IPV). Multivariate analyses of variance revealed a significant difference on the participants’ reports of daily hassles and IPV to African Americanand European American evaluators. With regard to overall life stress, African American women reported higher levels of total life stress, time pressure stress, social acceptability stress, and social victimization to African American than in European American–led interviews. They also endorsed higher levels of both physical and nonphysical IPV to interviewers of the same race as themselves as compared with interviewers from a different racial background. There were no group differences in terms of work stress, sociocultural differences, and finances. The findings underscore the saliency of interviewer race as a source of nonrandom measurement error capable of influencing statistical results. Implications of ignoring race of interviewer effects in analysis are explored and suggestions are offered in terms of culturally responsive assessment processes.
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May AM, Klonsky ED, Klein DN. Predicting future suicide attempts among depressed suicide ideators: a 10-year longitudinal study. J Psychiatr Res 2012; 46:946-52. [PMID: 22575331 PMCID: PMC3372684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 03/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Suicidal ideation and attempts are a major public health problem. Research has identified many risk factors for suicidality; however, most fail to identify which suicide ideators are at greatest risk of progressing to a suicide attempt. Thus, the present study identified predictors of future suicide attempts in a sample of psychiatric patients reporting suicidal ideation. The sample comprised 49 individuals who met full DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder and/or dysthymic disorder and reported suicidal ideation at baseline. Participants were followed for 10 years. Demographic, psychological, personality, and psychosocial risk factors were assessed using validated questionnaires and structured interviews. Phi coefficients and point-biserial correlations were used to identify prospective predictors of attempts, and logistic regressions were used to identify which variables predicted future attempts over and above past suicide attempts. Six significant predictors of future suicide attempts were identified - cluster A personality disorder, cluster B personality disorder, lifetime substance abuse, baseline anxiety disorder, poor maternal relationship, and poor social adjustment. Finally, exploratory logistic regressions were used to examine the unique contribution of each significant predictor controlling for the others. Comorbid cluster B personality disorder emerged as the only robust, unique predictor of future suicide attempts among depressed suicide ideators. Future research should continue to identify variables that predict transition from suicidal thoughts to suicide attempts, as such work will enhance clinical assessment of suicide risk as well as theoretical models of suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis M. May
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - E. David Klonsky
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Daniel N. Klein
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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Hirsch JK, Visser PL, Chang EC, Jeglic EL. Race and ethnic differences in hope and hopelessness as moderators of the association between depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2012; 60:115-25. [PMID: 22316408 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2011.567402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors examined trait hope and hopelessness as potential moderators of the association between depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior. PARTICIPANTS A diverse sample of 372 college students. METHODS Depressive symptoms, hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale), trait hope (Trait Hope Scale), and suicidal behaviors were assessed. Trait hope is defined as confidence in the ability to identify and attain goals, whereas hopelessness encompasses future attitudes and motivation loss. RESULTS In independent models, low hopelessness buffered the association between depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior for our whole sample, blacks, and whites, whereas trait hope buffered for Hispanics and whites. Examined simultaneously, hope remained a significant moderator only in whites and hopelessness only in blacks. These findings suggest that etiological and outcome correlates of hope and hopelessness may differ by ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS These findings may have implications for development of culturally targeted interventions for college students that strive to simultaneously reduce hopelessness and bolster hopefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameson K Hirsch
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Rural Psychological and Physical Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, USA.
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to measure suicide risk in cancer patients and compare it with the general population. Suicide rates were based on 1,168 suicides in 1,123,528 cancer patients in California from 1997-2006 and were studied by race/ethnicity, sex, site, stage, and marital status. Suicide in cancer patients is 2.3 times the general population with 81% in the non-Hispanic Whites, and half within the first 2 years post diagnosis. In men, it rapidly increases by age to a high plateau in the early forties. Metastatic cancers and those of the prostate, lung and bronchus, pancreas, stomach, esophagus, and oral cavity in men and breast in women were associated with significantly higher risk. Cancer patients are at higher risk of suicide and should be specifically targeted for preventive efforts post diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiumarss Nasseri
- Epidemiology, Access Health Corp., 1500 Rosecrans Avenue, Suite 500, Manhattan Beach, CA 90266, USA.
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Injeong Lee. Moderating Effects of Life Problems, Social Support on the Relationship between Depression and Suicidal Ideation of Older People. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.15709/hswr.2011.31.4.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Influence of Family Perceptions of Acting White on Acculturative Stress in African American College Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COUNSELLING 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10447-010-9095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ilardi DL, Kaslow NJ. Social difficulties influence group psychotherapy adherence in abused, suicidal african american women. J Clin Psychol 2009; 65:1300-11. [DOI: 10.1002/jclp.20628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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June A, Segal DL, Coolidge FL, Klebe K. Religiousness, social support and reasons for living in African American and European American older adults: an exploratory study. Aging Ment Health 2009; 13:753-60. [PMID: 19882414 DOI: 10.1080/13607860902918215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined the relationship between religiousness, perceived social support, and reasons for living among European American (n = 37; M age = 67.7 years) and African American (n = 35; M age = 71.1 years) older adults, where ethnicity was predicted to behave as a moderator. METHOD Community-dwelling participants completed the Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality, the Multidimensional Measure of Perceived Social Support, and the Reasons for Living Inventory. RESULTS As expected, high religiousness was associated with more reasons for living. Ethnicity alone did not meaningfully account for variance differences in reasons for living, but significant interactions indicated that the relationship between religiousness and reasons for living was stronger for African Americans, whereas the relationship between social support and reasons for living was stronger for European Americans. CONCLUSION The present findings may be valuable for understanding potentially modifiable pathways to suicide resilience in diverse populations of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea June
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80933-7150, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The primary aim of this review is to present the main findings from the literature published between January 2006 and May 2007 on anxiety and suicidal behaviour. The secondary aim is to present critical comments on methodological issues, highlighting areas for future research. RECENT FINDINGS Traditionally, anxiety disorders have not been viewed as independent risk factors for suicidal behaviour, and therefore assessment of anxiety disorders has not been particularly emphasized in clinical enquiries and suicide screening tools. This review identifies evidence suggesting that specific anxiety disorders (e.g. generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder) may be independently associated with suicidality, to which they particularly contribute when they are co-morbid with bipolar disorder, depression, schizophrenia, or post-traumatic stress disorder, in both child/adolescent and adult populations. SUMMARY Despite methodological issues preventing firm conclusions from being drawn in most cases, these findings should prompt clinicians to evaluate more specifically the impact of anxiety disorders on suicidal behaviour, particularly when they are co-morbid. Further research into treatment of anxiety disorders in relation to preventing suicide is required.
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