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Vieira IH, Rodrigues D, Paiva I. The Mysterious Universe of the TSH Receptor. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:944715. [PMID: 35903283 PMCID: PMC9315062 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.944715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH-R) is predominantly expressed in the basolateral membrane of thyrocytes, where it stimulates almost every aspect of their metabolism. Several extrathyroidal locations of the receptor have been found including: the pituitary, the hypothalamus, and other areas of the central nervous system; the periorbital tissue; the skin; the kidney; the adrenal; the liver; the immune system cells; blood cells and vascular tissues; the adipose tissue; the cardiac and skeletal muscles, and the bone. Although the functionality of the receptor has been demonstrated in most of these tissues, its physiological importance is still a matter of debate. A contribution to several pathological processes is evident in some cases, as is the case of Grave's disease in its multiple presentations. Conversely, in the context of other thyroid abnormalities, the contribution of the TSH-R and its ligand is still a matter of debate. This article reviews the several different sites of expression of the TSH-R and its potential role in both physiological and pathological processes.
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Kong D, Guan Q, Li G, Xin W, Qi X, Guo Y, Zhao J, Xu J, Sun S, Gao L. Expression of FSHR in chondrocytes and the effect of FSH on chondrocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:587-593. [PMID: 29133260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chondrocytes express many kinds of hormone receptors. The function of Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in the ovary is mediated by FSH receptor (FSHR). FSH receptor (FSHR) is found in many non-ovarian tissues, however it has been unclear if chondrocytes express FSHR. The purpose of this study is to determine it. METHODS Mouse primary chondrocytes and human articular cartilage tissues were examined. The expression and sequence of FSHR mRNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequenced, respectively, and its protein expression was tested using western blotting and location was observed under immunofluorescence microscopy. Ovarian tissue was as a positive control. After FSH stimulated mouse chondrocytes, intracellular cAMP levels were assessed by ELISA, and gene expression relative to Mouse WNT Signaling Pathway was tested by RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays. RESULTS FSHR was detected at the transcriptional level and confirmed to have the same sequence as that of ovary-derived mRNA of FSHR. FSHR proteins presented at the same line as the positive proteins of ovary, in mouse chondrocytes and human cartilage tissue, respectively. FSHR proteins were located at the cell membrane. Intracellular cAMP contents were significantly elevated up to 7-fold in mouse chondrocytes by forskolin (100 mM) (P < 0.001); however, different doses of FSH did not change the cAMP contents in mouse primary chondrocytes. RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays demonstrated that FSH could cause changes in gene expression among the 84 preordained genes, such as Fosl1, Rhou, and Dkk1, in mouse chondrocytes relative to the control. CONCLUSION Mouse chondrocytes and human articular cartilage express functional FSHR. Moreover, FSH can act on chondrocytes and cause genetic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehuan Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Department of Geriatrics, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong province, China.
| | - Qingbo Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong province, China.
| | - Guandong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong province, China.
| | - Wei Xin
- Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong province, China.
| | - Xiaoyi Qi
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong province, China.
| | - Yanjing Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong province, China.
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong province, China.
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong province, China.
| | - Shui Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong province, China.
| | - Ling Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong province, China; Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong province, China.
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Kang HS, Kumar D, Liao G, Lichti-Kaiser K, Gerrish K, Liao XH, Refetoff S, Jothi R, Jetten AM. GLIS3 is indispensable for TSH/TSHR-dependent thyroid hormone biosynthesis and follicular cell proliferation. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:4326-4337. [PMID: 29083325 DOI: 10.1172/jci94417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency in Krüppel-like zinc finger transcription factor GLI-similar 3 (GLIS3) in humans is associated with the development of congenital hypothyroidism. However, the functions of GLIS3 in the thyroid gland and the mechanism by which GLIS3 dysfunction causes hypothyroidism are unknown. In the current study, we demonstrate that GLIS3 acts downstream of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and TSH receptor (TSHR) and is indispensable for TSH/TSHR-mediated proliferation of thyroid follicular cells and biosynthesis of thyroid hormone. Using ChIP-Seq and promoter analysis, we demonstrate that GLIS3 is critical for the transcriptional activation of several genes required for thyroid hormone biosynthesis, including the iodide transporters Nis and Pds, both of which showed enhanced GLIS3 binding at their promoters. The repression of cell proliferation of GLIS3-deficient thyroid follicular cells was due to the inhibition of TSH-mediated activation of the mTOR complex 1/ribosomal protein S6 (mTORC1/RPS6) pathway as well as the reduced expression of several cell division-related genes regulated directly by GLIS3. Consequently, GLIS3 deficiency in a murine model prevented the development of goiter as well as the induction of inflammatory and fibrotic genes during chronic elevation of circulating TSH. Our study identifies GLIS3 as a key regulator of TSH/TSHR-mediated thyroid hormone biosynthesis and proliferation of thyroid follicular cells and uncovers a mechanism by which GLIS3 deficiency causes neonatal hypothyroidism and prevents goiter development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Grace Liao
- 1, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory
| | | | - Kevin Gerrish
- 3, Molecular Genomics Core, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Samuel Refetoff
- 4, Department of Medicine, and.,5, Department of Pediatrics and Committee on Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Raja Jothi
- 2, Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, and
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Ferensztajn-Rochowiak E, Kucharska-Mazur J, Samochowiec J, Ratajczak MZ, Michalak M, Rybakowski JK. The effect of long-term lithium treatment of bipolar disorder on stem cells circulating in peripheral blood. World J Biol Psychiatry 2017; 18:54-62. [PMID: 27071327 DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2016.1174301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of long-term lithium treatment on very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs), haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) circulating in peripheral blood (PB), in bipolar disorder (BD). METHODS The study included 15 BD patients (aged 55 ± 6 years) treated with lithium for 8-40 years (mean 16 years), 15 BD patients (aged 53 ± 7 years) with duration of illness >10 years, who had never received lithium, and 15 healthy controls (aged 50 ± 5 years). The VSELs, HSCs, MSCs and EPCs were measured by flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS In BD subjects not taking lithium the number of CD34+ VSELs was significantly higher, and MSCs and EPCs numerically higher, than in control subjects and the number of CD34+ VSELs correlated with the duration of illness. In lithium-treated patients these values were similar to controls and the number of CD34+ VSELs correlated negatively with the duration of lithium treatment and serum lithium concentration. CONCLUSIONS Long-term treatment with lithium may suppress the activation of regenerative processes by reducing the number of VSELs circulating in PB. These cells, in BD patients not treated with lithium, may provide a new potential biological marker of the illness and its clinical progress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- b Department of Psychiatry , Pomeranian University of Medicine , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- c Department of Physiology , Pomeranian University of Medicine , Szczecin , Poland.,d Stem Cell Biology Program at the James Graham Brown Cancer Center , University of Louisville , Louisville , KY , 40202 , USA
| | - Michal Michalak
- e Department of Computer Science and Statistics , Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Poznan , Poland
| | - Janusz K Rybakowski
- a Department of Adult Psychiatry , Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Poznan , Poland
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Baliram R, Latif R, Zaidi M, Davies TF. Expanding the Role of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone in Skeletal Physiology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:252. [PMID: 29042858 PMCID: PMC5632520 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dogma that thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) solely regulates the production of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland has hampered research on its wider physiological roles. The action of pituitary TSH on the skeleton has now been well described; in particular, its action on osteoblasts and osteoclasts. It has also been recently discovered that the bone marrow microenvironment acts as an endocrine circuit with bone marrow-resident macrophages capable of producing a novel TSH-β subunit variant (TSH-βv), which may modulate skeletal physiology. Interestingly, the production of this TSH-βv is positively regulated by T3 accentuating such modulation in the presence of thyroid overactivity. Furthermore, a number of small molecule ligands acting as TSH agonists, which allosterically modulate the TSH receptor have been identified and may have similar modulatory influences on bone cells suggesting therapeutic potential. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of TSH, TSH-β, TSH-βv, and small molecule agonists in bone physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumarie Baliram
- Thyroid Research Unit, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and the James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Ramkumarie Baliram,
| | - Rauf Latif
- Thyroid Research Unit, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and the James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mone Zaidi
- The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Terry F. Davies
- Thyroid Research Unit, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and the James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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6
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Abstract
The skeleton is an exquisitely sensitive and archetypal T3-target tissue that demonstrates the critical role for thyroid hormones during development, linear growth, and adult bone turnover and maintenance. Thyrotoxicosis is an established cause of secondary osteoporosis, and abnormal thyroid hormone signaling has recently been identified as a novel risk factor for osteoarthritis. Skeletal phenotypes in genetically modified mice have faithfully reproduced genetic disorders in humans, revealing the complex physiological relationship between centrally regulated thyroid status and the peripheral actions of thyroid hormones. Studies in mutant mice also established the paradigm that T3 exerts anabolic actions during growth and catabolic effects on adult bone. Thus, the skeleton represents an ideal physiological system in which to characterize thyroid hormone transport, metabolism, and action during development and adulthood and in response to injury. Future analysis of T3 action in individual skeletal cell lineages will provide new insights into cell-specific molecular mechanisms and may ultimately identify novel therapeutic targets for chronic degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of the art.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Duncan Bassett
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Graham R Williams
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
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TRH and TRH receptor system in the basolateral amygdala mediate stress-induced depression-like behaviors. Neuropharmacology 2015; 97:346-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Bassett JHD, van der Spek A, Logan JG, Gogakos A, Bagchi-Chakraborty J, Williams AJ, Murphy E, van Zeijl C, Down J, Croucher PI, Boyde A, Boelen A, Williams GR. Thyrostimulin Regulates Osteoblastic Bone Formation During Early Skeletal Development. Endocrinology 2015; 156:3098-113. [PMID: 26018249 PMCID: PMC4541616 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The ancestral glycoprotein hormone thyrostimulin is a heterodimer of unique glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha (GPA)2 and glycoprotein hormone subunit beta (GPB)5 subunits with high affinity for the TSH receptor. Transgenic overexpression of GPB5 in mice results in cranial abnormalities, but the role of thyrostimulin in bone remains unknown. We hypothesized that thyrostimulin exerts paracrine actions in bone and determined: 1) GPA2 and GPB5 expression in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, 2) the skeletal consequences of thyrostimulin deficiency in GPB5 knockout (KO) mice, and 3) osteoblast and osteoclast responses to thyrostimulin treatment. Gpa2 and Gpb5 expression was identified in the newborn skeleton but declined rapidly thereafter. GPA2 and GPB5 mRNAs were also expressed in primary osteoblasts and osteoclasts at varying concentrations. Juvenile thyrostimulin-deficient mice had increased bone volume and mineralization as a result of increased osteoblastic bone formation. However, thyrostimulin failed to induce a canonical cAMP response or activate the noncanonical Akt, ERK, or mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38) signaling pathways in primary calvarial or bone marrow stromal cell-derived osteoblasts. Furthermore, thyrostimulin did not directly inhibit osteoblast proliferation, differentiation or mineralization in vitro. These studies identify thyrostimulin as a negative but indirect regulator of osteoblastic bone formation during skeletal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Duncan Bassett
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (J.H.D.B., J.G.L., A.G., J.B.C., E.M., G.R.W.), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology (A.v.d.S., C.v.Z., A.Boe.), Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Bone Biology Program (J.D., P.I.C.), Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia; and Centre for Oral Growth and Development (A.Boy.), Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS United Kingdom
| | - Anne van der Spek
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (J.H.D.B., J.G.L., A.G., J.B.C., E.M., G.R.W.), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology (A.v.d.S., C.v.Z., A.Boe.), Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Bone Biology Program (J.D., P.I.C.), Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia; and Centre for Oral Growth and Development (A.Boy.), Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS United Kingdom
| | - John G Logan
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (J.H.D.B., J.G.L., A.G., J.B.C., E.M., G.R.W.), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology (A.v.d.S., C.v.Z., A.Boe.), Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Bone Biology Program (J.D., P.I.C.), Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia; and Centre for Oral Growth and Development (A.Boy.), Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS United Kingdom
| | - Apostolos Gogakos
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (J.H.D.B., J.G.L., A.G., J.B.C., E.M., G.R.W.), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology (A.v.d.S., C.v.Z., A.Boe.), Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Bone Biology Program (J.D., P.I.C.), Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia; and Centre for Oral Growth and Development (A.Boy.), Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS United Kingdom
| | - Jayashree Bagchi-Chakraborty
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (J.H.D.B., J.G.L., A.G., J.B.C., E.M., G.R.W.), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology (A.v.d.S., C.v.Z., A.Boe.), Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Bone Biology Program (J.D., P.I.C.), Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia; and Centre for Oral Growth and Development (A.Boy.), Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS United Kingdom
| | | | - Elaine Murphy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (J.H.D.B., J.G.L., A.G., J.B.C., E.M., G.R.W.), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology (A.v.d.S., C.v.Z., A.Boe.), Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Bone Biology Program (J.D., P.I.C.), Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia; and Centre for Oral Growth and Development (A.Boy.), Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS United Kingdom
| | - Clementine van Zeijl
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (J.H.D.B., J.G.L., A.G., J.B.C., E.M., G.R.W.), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology (A.v.d.S., C.v.Z., A.Boe.), Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Bone Biology Program (J.D., P.I.C.), Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia; and Centre for Oral Growth and Development (A.Boy.), Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS United Kingdom
| | - Jenny Down
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (J.H.D.B., J.G.L., A.G., J.B.C., E.M., G.R.W.), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology (A.v.d.S., C.v.Z., A.Boe.), Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Bone Biology Program (J.D., P.I.C.), Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia; and Centre for Oral Growth and Development (A.Boy.), Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS United Kingdom
| | - Peter I Croucher
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (J.H.D.B., J.G.L., A.G., J.B.C., E.M., G.R.W.), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology (A.v.d.S., C.v.Z., A.Boe.), Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Bone Biology Program (J.D., P.I.C.), Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia; and Centre for Oral Growth and Development (A.Boy.), Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS United Kingdom
| | - Alan Boyde
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (J.H.D.B., J.G.L., A.G., J.B.C., E.M., G.R.W.), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology (A.v.d.S., C.v.Z., A.Boe.), Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Bone Biology Program (J.D., P.I.C.), Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia; and Centre for Oral Growth and Development (A.Boy.), Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS United Kingdom
| | - Anita Boelen
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (J.H.D.B., J.G.L., A.G., J.B.C., E.M., G.R.W.), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology (A.v.d.S., C.v.Z., A.Boe.), Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Bone Biology Program (J.D., P.I.C.), Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia; and Centre for Oral Growth and Development (A.Boy.), Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS United Kingdom
| | - Graham R Williams
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (J.H.D.B., J.G.L., A.G., J.B.C., E.M., G.R.W.), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology (A.v.d.S., C.v.Z., A.Boe.), Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Bone Biology Program (J.D., P.I.C.), Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia; and Centre for Oral Growth and Development (A.Boy.), Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS United Kingdom
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Jansen SW, Akintola AA, Roelfsema F, van der Spoel E, Cobbaert CM, Ballieux BE, Egri P, Kvarta-Papp Z, Gereben B, Fekete C, Slagboom PE, van der Grond J, Demeneix BA, Pijl H, Westendorp RGJ, van Heemst D. Human longevity is characterised by high thyroid stimulating hormone secretion without altered energy metabolism. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11525. [PMID: 26089239 PMCID: PMC4473605 DOI: 10.1038/srep11525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have included subjects with the propensity to reach old age in good health, with the aim to disentangle mechanisms contributing to staying healthier for longer. The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis maintains circulating levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormone (TH) in an inverse relationship. Greater longevity has been associated with higher TSH and lower TH levels, but mechanisms underlying TSH/TH differences and longevity remain unknown. The HPT axis plays a pivotal role in growth, development and energy metabolism. We report that offspring of nonagenarians with at least one nonagenarian sibling have increased TSH secretion but similar bioactivity of TSH and similar TH levels compared to controls. Healthy offspring and spousal controls had similar resting metabolic rate and core body temperature. We propose that pleiotropic effects of the HPT axis may favour longevity without altering energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Jansen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A A Akintola
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - F Roelfsema
- Department of Medicine, Section Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E van der Spoel
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C M Cobbaert
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - B E Ballieux
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P Egri
- 1] Department of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary [2] Semmelweis University, János Szentágothai PhD School of Neurosciences, Budapest, H-1085 Hungary
| | - Z Kvarta-Papp
- Department of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - B Gereben
- Department of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - C Fekete
- 1] Department of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary [2] Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tupper Research Institute, Tufts Medical Centre, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P E Slagboom
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J van der Grond
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - B A Demeneix
- UMR 7221 CNRS / MNHN Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Département Régulations, Développement et Diversité Moléculaire, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - H Pijl
- Department of Medicine, Section Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R G J Westendorp
- 1] Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands [2] Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D van Heemst
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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10
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Tsolis KC, Bei ES, Papathanasiou I, Kostopoulou F, Gkretsi V, Kalantzaki K, Malizos K, Zervakis M, Tsezou A, Economou A. Comparative proteomic analysis of hypertrophic chondrocytes in osteoarthritis. Clin Proteomics 2015; 12:12. [PMID: 25945082 PMCID: PMC4415313 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-015-9085-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multi-factorial disease leading progressively to loss of articular cartilage and subsequently to loss of joint function. While hypertrophy of chondrocytes is a physiological process implicated in the longitudinal growth of long bones, hypertrophy-like alterations in chondrocytes play a major role in OA. We performed a quantitative proteomic analysis in osteoarthritic and normal chondrocytes followed by functional analyses to investigate proteome changes and molecular pathways involved in OA pathogenesis. Methods Chondrocytes were isolated from articular cartilage of ten patients with primary OA undergoing knee replacement surgery and six normal donors undergoing fracture repair surgery without history of joint disease and no OA clinical manifestations. We analyzed the proteome of chondrocytes using high resolution mass spectrometry and quantified it by label-free quantification and western blot analysis. We also used WebGestalt, a web-based enrichment tool for the functional annotation and pathway analysis of the differentially synthesized proteins, using the Wikipathways database. ClueGO, a Cytoscape plug-in, is also used to compare groups of proteins and to visualize the functionally organized Gene Ontology (GO) terms and pathways in the form of dynamical network structures. Results The proteomic analysis led to the identification of a total of ~2400 proteins. 269 of them showed differential synthesis levels between the two groups. Using functional annotation, we found that proteins belonging to pathways associated with regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, EGF/EGFR, TGF-β, MAPK signaling, integrin-mediated cell adhesion, and lipid metabolism were significantly enriched in the OA samples (p ≤10−5). We also observed that the proteins GSTP1, PLS3, MYOF, HSD17B12, PRDX2, APCS, PLA2G2A SERPINH1/HSP47 and MVP, show distinct synthesis levels, characteristic for OA or control chondrocytes. Conclusion In this study we compared the quantitative changes in proteins synthesized in osteoarthritic compared to normal chondrocytes. We identified several pathways and proteins to be associated with OA chondrocytes. This study provides evidence for further testing on the molecular mechanism of the disease and also propose proteins as candidate markers of OA chondrocyte phenotype. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12014-015-9085-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos C Tsolis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - FoRTH, Iraklio, Greece ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ekaterini S Bei
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Technical Univ. of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - Ioanna Papathanasiou
- Department of Biology, University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larissa, Greece ; Institute for Research & Technology-Thessaly/Centre for Research & Technology-Hellas (CE.R.T.H), Larissa, Greece
| | - Fotini Kostopoulou
- Department of Biology, University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larissa, Greece ; Institute for Research & Technology-Thessaly/Centre for Research & Technology-Hellas (CE.R.T.H), Larissa, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Gkretsi
- Institute for Research & Technology-Thessaly/Centre for Research & Technology-Hellas (CE.R.T.H), Larissa, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Kalantzaki
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Technical Univ. of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Malizos
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larissa, Greece
| | - Michalis Zervakis
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Technical Univ. of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - Aspasia Tsezou
- Department of Biology, University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larissa, Greece ; Institute for Research & Technology-Thessaly/Centre for Research & Technology-Hellas (CE.R.T.H), Larissa, Greece
| | - Anastassios Economou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - FoRTH, Iraklio, Greece ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Fekete N, Rojewski MT, Lotfi R, Schrezenmeier H. Essential Components for Ex Vivo Proliferation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2014; 20:129-39. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2013.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Fekete
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus Thomas Rojewski
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ramin Lotfi
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hubert Schrezenmeier
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Stasiołek M, Adamczewski Z, Puła B, Krawczyk-Rusiecka K, Zygmunt A, Borowiecka M, Dzięgiel P, Lewiński A. Distribution of subpopulations of dendritic cells in peripheral blood of patients treated with exogenous thyrotropin. Thyroid Res 2012. [PMID: 23199104 PMCID: PMC3537577 DOI: 10.1186/1756-6614-5-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dendritic cells (DCs) play a major role as regulators of inflammatory events associated with thyroid pathology. The immunoregulatory function of DCs depends strongly on their subtype, as well as maturation and activation status. Numerous hormonal factors modulate the immune properties of DCs, however, little is known about effects exerted by the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid-axis. Recently, we have shown a direct regulatory influence of thyroid hormones (TH) on human DCs function. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of systemically administered thyrotropin (TSH) on human blood DCs ex vivo. Methods Blood samples for the cytometric analysis of peripheral blood plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs subtypes were collected from patients subjected to total thyroidectomy because of differentiated thyroid carcinoma at 2 time points: (i) directly before the commencement of TSH administration and (ii) 5 days after first TSH injection. The whole blood quantitative and phenotypic analysis of plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs subtypes was performed by flow cytometry. Results Administration of TSH did not influence the percentage of plasmacytoid DCs in peripheral blood of study participants. Also the percentage of the two main myeloid DCs subpopulations – CD1c/BDCA1+ DCs and CD141/BDCA3+ DCs did not change significantly. TSH administration had no effect on the surface expression of CD86 – one of the major costimulatory molecules – neither in the whole peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) fraction nor in particular DCs subtypes. Conclusions In the present study, we demonstrated no influence of systemic TSH administration on human peripheral blood DCs subtypes. These results are in accordance with our previous work suggesting the direct effect of TH on human DCs ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Stasiołek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital - Research Institute, Rzgowska Str, 281/289, 93-338, Lodz, Poland.
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Abstract
Osteoporosis is less common in individuals with high fat mass. This putative osteoprotection is likely an adaptive mechanism that allows obese individuals to better carry their increased body mass. Recent studies have focused on hormones that link fat to bone. Adipokines, such as leptin, modulate bone cells through both direct and indirect actions, whereas molecules activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ drive mesenchymal stem cell differentiation towards adipocytes away from the osteoblastic lineage. There is emerging evidence that bone-derived osteocalcin regulates insulin release and insulin sensitivity and, hence, might indirectly affect fat mass. Despite these molecular connections between fat and bone, animal and human studies call into question a primary role for body fat in determining bone mass. Mice devoid of fat do not have a skeletal phenotype, and in humans, the observed correlations between bone and body mass are not just due to adipose tissue. An improved understanding of the integrative physiology at the fat-bone interface should allow us develop therapies for both osteoporosis and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mone Zaidi
- Mount Sinai Bone Program and Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.
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