1
|
Gaube S, Walton K, Kleine AK, Däumling S, Rohrmeier C, Müller S, Bonrath E, Schneider-Brachert W. Examining outpatients' hand hygiene behaviour and its relation to COVID-19 infection prevention measures. J Hosp Infect 2023; 141:55-62. [PMID: 37634601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing demand for outpatient care is associated with a higher risk of infection transmission in these settings. However, there is limited research on infection prevention and control practices in ambulatory clinics, and none focuses on patients. AIM To examine outpatients' hand hygiene behaviours, their determinants, and their associations with other infection prevention measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We observed the hand hygiene behaviour of one cohort of patients in one outpatient clinic and surveyed a separate sample in five clinics about their hand hygiene practice in outpatient facilities. A questionnaire based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) was used to examine predictors of the behaviour. Moreover, patients indicated their compliance with COVID-19 infection prevention measures, vaccination status, disease risk perception, and vaccine hesitancy. FINDINGS Observed hand hygiene rates among 618 patients were low (12.8%), while 67.3% of the 300 surveyed patients indicated sanitizing their hands upon entering the clinic. The TDF domains 'memory, attention, and decision processes' and 'emotions' significantly predicted both current (today's) and general hand hygiene behaviour in outpatient clinics. Hand hygiene behaviour and compliance with COVID-19 infection prevention showed a positive association; however, no significant connection was found with patients' vaccination status, suggesting different behavioural motivators. CONCLUSION Hand hygiene among outpatients should be improved through interventions focusing on helping patients remember to clean their hands. More research on infection prevention in outpatient facilities is needed to ensure patient safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Gaube
- Global Business School for Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - K Walton
- Department of Infection Prevention and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - A-K Kleine
- LMU Center for Leadership and People Management, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - S Däumling
- Department of Infection Prevention and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - C Rohrmeier
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; HNO-Gemeinschaftspraxis, Straubing, Germany
| | - S Müller
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; MKG-Praxis im Turm, Straubing, Germany
| | - E Bonrath
- Praxis für Chirurgie & Handchirurgie, Regensburg, Germany
| | - W Schneider-Brachert
- Department of Infection Prevention and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie H, Luo D, Li X, Zhang J, Kang B. Pediatric outpatient experiences of senior nursing students: A qualitative study. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2023; 20:e12553. [PMID: 37470318 DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the experiences of senior nursing students working in a pediatric outpatient clinic. METHODS This study adopted a descriptive phenomenological approach, through semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling was used to select 12 senior nursing students in the pediatric outpatient clinic of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, China, from August 2020 to March 2021. The collected data were analyzed using the Colaizzi method. RESULTS Four themes were identified in this study: knowledge and skills (triage, emergency care), communication (courage, communication skills), value re-evaluation (understand of outpatient nurses, judgment of outpatient nurses), and outpatient feelings (satisfaction, empathy, pressure). CONCLUSION Pediatric outpatient internships have a positive impact on senior nursing students. Research has found that constructing a nursing clinical practice pathway in pediatric outpatient clinics helps teachers and students clarify the objectives and content of internships, and the "shadow teaching" model is conducive to nursing students' empathy and thinking. In addition, outpatient internship experience can help students gain communication courage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xie
- Department of Pediatric Outpatient Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- West China Nursing School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Pediatric Outpatient Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- West China Nursing School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Pediatric Outpatient Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- West China Nursing School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Outpatient Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- West China Nursing School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bingyao Kang
- Department of Pediatric Outpatient Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- West China Nursing School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cash EK, Giambra BK. Audiovisual Recording in the Inpatient Setting: A Method for Studying Parent-Nurse Communication. JOURNAL OF FAMILY NURSING 2023; 29:192-201. [PMID: 37133301 DOI: 10.1177/10748407231162131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Audiovisual recordings are under-utilized for capturing interactions in inpatient settings. Standardized procedures and methods improve observation and conclusion validity drawn from audiovisual data. This article provides specific approaches for collecting, standardizing, and maintaining audiovisual data based on a study of parent-nurse communication and child and family outcomes. Data were collected using audio and video recorders at defined time points simplifying its collection. Data were downloaded, edited for size and privacy, and securely stored, then transcribed, and subsequently reviewed to ensure accuracy. Positive working relationships with families and nurses facilitated successful study recruitment, data collection, and transcript cleaning. Barriers to recruitment and data collection, such as privacy concerns and technical issues, were successfully overcome. When carefully coordinated and obtained, audiovisual recordings are a rich source of research data. Thoughtful protocol design for the successful capture, storage, and use of recordings enables researchers to take quick action to preserve data integrity when unexpected situations arise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin K Cash
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
| | - Barbara K Giambra
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
- University of Cincinnati College of Nursing, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kritya M, Yadav AK, Shridhar G. A survey of hand hygiene practices among Indian medical undergraduates. Med J Armed Forces India 2022; 78:S201-S205. [PMID: 36147382 PMCID: PMC9485844 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hand hygiene is the simplest and most effective method to prevent hospital acquired infections (HAI). Compliance with hand hygiene among health providers is, however, widely variable due to significant knowledge gaps and behavioral issues. The knowledge and practices of hand hygiene among medical undergraduate students, the future health workforce in the current COVID-19 pandemic will enable a reality check and ensure course correction at an early stage of their learning. Methods An online questionnaire-based survey based on a standard, validated WHO 25-point (multiple-choice question and Yes/No answers) hand hygiene survey was undertaken among medical undergraduate students in an urban city from April to June 2020. Each correct response was awarded 1 point, and an incorrect response was awarded 0 points. The maximum achievable score was 25, and the minimum score was 0. Results A total of 457 students with a mean age 20.24 ± 1.27 years completed the survey. A total of 415 (90.8%) students received hand hygiene training in the past three years. Overall 27.6% (n = 126) students had good knowledge, 65.4% (n = 299) had moderate and 7% (n = 32) had poor knowledge of hand hygiene practices. Conclusions There were significant knowledge gaps regarding hand hygiene among medical undergraduate students in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a need to strengthen existing teaching methods to positively impact behavioral change and potentially translate into better hand hygiene compliance among the future health workforce of the country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mangesh Kritya
- Medical Cadet, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Arun Kumar Yadav
- Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Borg BM, Osadnik C, Adam K, Chapman DG, Farrow CE, Glavas V, Hancock K, Lanteri CJ, Morris EG, Romeo N, Schneider‐Futschik EK, Selvadurai H. Pulmonary function testing during
SARS‐CoV
‐2: An
ANZSRS
/
TSANZ
position statement. Respirology 2022; 27:688-719. [PMID: 35981737 PMCID: PMC9539179 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte M. Borg
- Respiratory Medicine The Alfred Melbourne Victoria Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Christian Osadnik
- Department of Physiotherapy Monash University Frankston Victoria Australia
- Monash Lung Sleep Allergy & Immunology Monash Health Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Keith Adam
- Sonic HealthPlus Osborne Park Western Australia Australia
| | - David G. Chapman
- Respiratory Investigation Unit, Department of Respiratory Medicine Royal North Shore Hospital St Leonards New South Wales Australia
- Airway Physiology & Imaging Group, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research The University of Sydney Glebe New South Wales Australia
- Discipline of Medical Science, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science University of Technology Sydney Ultimo New South Wales Australia
| | - Catherine E. Farrow
- Airway Physiology & Imaging Group, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research The University of Sydney Glebe New South Wales Australia
- Respiratory Function Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Westmead Hospital Westmead New South Wales Australia
- Westmead Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Vanda Glavas
- Respiratory SA Kent Town South Australia Australia
| | - Kerry Hancock
- Chandlers Hill Surgery Happy Valley South Australia Australia
| | - Celia J. Lanteri
- Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine Austin Health Heidelberg Victoria Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep Austin Health Heidelberg Victoria Australia
| | - Ewan G. Morris
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Waitematā District Health Board Auckland New Zealand
| | - Nicholas Romeo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Northern Health Epping Victoria Australia
| | - Elena K. Schneider‐Futschik
- Cystic Fibrosis Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry & Pharmacology University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Hiran Selvadurai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine The Children's Hospital, Westmead, Sydney Childrens Hospital Network Sydney NSW Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen VCH, Kao KL, Chen YL, Wu SI, Lee MJ, Gossop M. Methylphenidate Use and Infectious Diseases in Children With Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder: A Population-Based Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:787745. [PMID: 35211484 PMCID: PMC8861374 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.787745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have more visits to the emergency department (ED) due to injuries than those without ADHD. However, no study has investigated whether children with ADHD have more ED visits or hospitalizations due to infectious diseases (IDs) and whether methylphenidate (MPH) treatment may reduce the risk. Method The incidence of ID-related ED visits or hospitalizations was defined as the main outcome. The Cox regression and conditional Poisson regression models were calculated to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) in the population level and relative risks for the self-controlled case series design, respectively. Results Children with ADHD had higher rates of emergency visits (HR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.23~1.27) and hospitalizations (HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.26~1.31) due to IDs than those without ADHD. In the ADHD subgroup, those who received MPH treatment have a reduced risk of emergency visits (HR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.09~0.10) and hospitalizations (HR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.71~0.75), compared to those without treatment. The risk of ID-related emergency visits decreased to 0.21 (95% CI: 0.21~0.22); and hospitalizations decreased to 0.71 (95% CI: 0.69~0.73). Within self-controlled analysis, it is demonstrated that compared with non-MPH exposed period, children with ADHD had significantly decreased risks for infection-related emergency visits (RR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.68~0.78) or hospitalizations (RR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.17~0.21) during MPH-exposed periods. Conclusions and Relevance This is the first study that reported an increased risk of ID-related healthcare utilizations in children with ADHD compared to those without, and that such risks may be significantly reduced in ADHD children that received MPH treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Chin-Hung Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Liang Kao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lung Chen
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-I Wu
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Jing Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Michael Gossop
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kopsidas I, Collins M, Zaoutis T. Healthcare-associated Infections-Can We Do Better? Pediatr Infect Dis J 2021; 40:e305-e309. [PMID: 34250978 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Kopsidas
- From the Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research, Athens, Greece
| | - Madeline Collins
- From the Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research, Athens, Greece
| | - Theoklis Zaoutis
- From the Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research, Athens, Greece
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Assessment of New York City Urgent Care Centers' Emergency Preparedness and Infection Prevention and Control Practices, 2016-2017. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2021; 16:1059-1063. [PMID: 33947497 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2021.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urgent care centers (UCCs) have become frontline healthcare facilities for individuals with acute infectious diseases. Additionally, UCCs could potentially support the healthcare system response during a public health emergency. Investigators sought to assess NYC UCCs' implementation of nationally-recommended IPC and EP practices. METHODS Investigators identified 199 eligible UCCs based on criteria defined by the Urgent Care Association of America. Multiple facilities under the same ownership were considered a network. As part of a cross-sectional analysis, an electronic survey was sent to UCC representatives assessing their respective facilities' IPC and EP practices. Representatives of urgent care networks responded on behalf of all UCCs within the network if all sites within the network used the same policies and procedures. RESULTS Of the respondents, 18 representing 144 UCCs completed the survey. Of these, 8 of them (44.4% of the respondents) represented more than 1 facility that utilized standardized practices (range = 2-60 facilities). Overall, 81.3% have written IPC policies, 75.0% have EP policies, 80.6% require staff to train on IPC, and 75.7% train staff on EP. CONCLUSION Most UCCs reported implementation of IPC and EP practices; however, the comprehensiveness of these activities varied across UCCs. Public health can better prepare the healthcare system by engaging UCCs in planning and executing of IPC and EP-related initiatives.
Collapse
|
9
|
B L, QF H, WP L, XY S, JJ W. Decrease of respiratory diseases in one social children welfare institute in Shanxi Province during COVID-19. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021; 43:61-66. [PMID: 32876673 PMCID: PMC7499666 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To assess the impact of disinfection measures on the incidence of common diseases in children welfare institute during the epidemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and provide a basis for the daily disinfection management of children welfare institute. Methods This study surveyed and analyzed common diseases among children under the age of 14 in one social children welfare institute in Shanxi Province from January to May in 2018–2020 by the year-on-year method. Results The prevalence rate of respiratory diseases in 2020 was a significantly negative growth compared with 2018 and 2019. There was no obvious pattern of changes in digestive diseases group. Conclusion In view of the above anti-epidemic measures, it indicates that the children gathering institutions should strengthen effective personal protection and public health management to reduce infectious disease among children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu B
- Address correspondence to Jingjing Wei, E-mail:
| | | | | | - Shi XY
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Wei JJ
- Address correspondence to Jingjing Wei, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rathore MH. Infections after Natural Disasters. Pediatr Rev 2020; 41:501-510. [PMID: 33004662 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2018-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Natural disasters, particularly flooding, are associated with many environmental changes, and the chances of infections after a disaster increase. Dead bodies are not associated with increased infections, but many other factors contribute to the increase in infections and possible outbreaks. This article discusses the factors associated with increased risk of infections and the types of infections that may occur after a natural disaster. This article also presents a brief discussion of infection prevention and mitigation after a natural disaster.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mobeen H Rathore
- University of Florida Center for HIV/AIDS Research, Education, and Service, Wolfson Children's Hospital, Jacksonville, FL
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Chemical and biological events (including infectious disease outbreaks) may affect children disproportionately, and the threat of a chemical or biological attack remains in the United States and worldwide. Although federal programs and funding support a broad range of federal initiatives for public health preparedness and response, funding at the state and local levels has been flat or is decreasing, potentially leaving communities vulnerable. Consequently, pediatricians need to prepare and be ready to care for children in their communities before, during, and after a chemical or biological event, including during long-term recovery. Some medical countermeasures for particular chemical and biological agents have not been adequately studied or approved for children. The American Academy of Pediatrics provides resources and education on disaster preparedness and response, including information on the pediatrician's role in disasters, pediatric medical countermeasures, and mental health after an event as well as individual and family preparedness. This policy statement addresses the steps that clinicians and policy makers can take to protect children and mitigate the effects of a chemical or biological attack.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Chung
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts;
| | - Carl R Baum
- Section of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Ann-Christine Nyquist
- Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado and School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Radtke T, Crook S, Kaltsakas G, Louvaris Z, Berton D, Urquhart DS, Kampouras A, Rabinovich RA, Verges S, Kontopidis D, Boyd J, Tonia T, Langer D, De Brandt J, Goërtz YM, Burtin C, Spruit MA, Braeken DC, Dacha S, Franssen FM, Laveneziana P, Eber E, Troosters T, Neder JA, Puhan MA, Casaburi R, Vogiatzis I, Hebestreit H. ERS statement on standardisation of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in chronic lung diseases. Eur Respir Rev 2019; 28:28/154/180101. [PMID: 31852745 PMCID: PMC9488712 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0101-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this document was to standardise published cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) protocols for improved interpretation in clinical settings and multicentre research projects. This document: 1) summarises the protocols and procedures used in published studies focusing on incremental CPET in chronic lung conditions; 2) presents standard incremental protocols for CPET on a stationary cycle ergometer and a treadmill; and 3) provides patients' perspectives on CPET obtained through an online survey supported by the European Lung Foundation. We systematically reviewed published studies obtained from EMBASE, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library from inception to January 2017. Of 7914 identified studies, 595 studies with 26 523 subjects were included. The literature supports a test protocol with a resting phase lasting at least 3 min, a 3-min unloaded phase, and an 8- to 12-min incremental phase with work rate increased linearly at least every minute, followed by a recovery phase of at least 2–3 min. Patients responding to the survey (n=295) perceived CPET as highly beneficial for their diagnostic assessment and informed the Task Force consensus. Future research should focus on the individualised estimation of optimal work rate increments across different lung diseases, and the collection of robust normative data. The document facilitates standardisation of conducting, reporting and interpreting cardiopulmonary exercise tests in chronic lung diseases for comparison of reference data, multi-centre studies and assessment of interventional efficacy.http://bit.ly/31SXeB5
Collapse
|
13
|
Hart AM. Preventing Outpatient Health Care–associated Infections. J Nurse Pract 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
14
|
Benko R, Matuz M, Silva A, Ferreira J, Machado MC, Furtado C, Fungie Galistiani G, Bordas R, Blix HS. Cross-national comparison of paediatric antibiotic use in Norway, Portugal and Hungary. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 124:722-729. [PMID: 30589992 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A cross-national comparison was performed on paediatric (0-19 years) antibiotic use in Hungary, Norway and Portugal to explore and compare the scale and pattern of paediatric antibiotic use in these three European countries. Ambulatory care systemic antibiotic use (ATC: J01) was retrieved from national databases for year 2014. The main outcome measure was number of antibacterial packages per child inhabitant per year (packages/child/year) and was further stratified by age groups. Paediatric antibiotic use peaked in Hungary with 1.3 packages/child/year, followed by Portugal (0.8) and Norway (0.3). This ranking was retained and was most prominent in the 5- to 9-year and 10- to 14-year age groups. The pattern of antibiotic use in different paediatric age groups varied also substantially between countries. Narrow-spectrum penicillins were much commonly used in Norway in all paediatric age subgroups in comparison with Hungary and Portugal. Newer, broad-spectrum cephalosporins and macrolides were widely prescribed for Hungarian and Portuguese children in all paediatric subgroups in contrast to Norway, while tetracyclines were commonly prescribed for Norwegian adolescents. The scale and pattern of paediatric antibiotic use in Hungary and Portugal were very different compared with Norway. The high antibiotic exposure and the high consumption of broad-spectrum penicillins begin in childhood in Hungary and Portugal which underpins the responsibility of paediatric GPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ria Benko
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Maria Matuz
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ana Silva
- Information and Strategic Planning Directorate, Infarmed IP - National Authority of Medicines and Health Products, Public Institut, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joaquina Ferreira
- Information and Strategic Planning Directorate, Infarmed IP - National Authority of Medicines and Health Products, Public Institut, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Céu Machado
- Executive Board, Infarmed IP - National Authority of Medicines and Health Products, IP, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Furtado
- Information and Strategic Planning Directorate, Infarmed IP - National Authority of Medicines and Health Products, Public Institut, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Githa Fungie Galistiani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Purwokerto, Indonesia
| | - Reka Bordas
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Hege Salvesen Blix
- Department of Drug Statistics, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Moore DL. La prévention et le contrôle des infections au cabinet du pédiatre. Paediatr Child Health 2018. [PMCID: PMC6241950 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxy118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
La transmission d’infections au cabinet du pédiatre est une source de préoccupation croissante. Le présent document traite des voies de transmission des infections et des principes de contrôle des infections actuellement en vigueur. La prévention englobe un aménagement du cabinet et des politiques administratives appropriés, le triage, les pratiques de soins habituelles pour tous les patients (p. ex., hygiène des mains; port de gants, de masques, d’un dispositif de protection oculaire et de blouses pour certaines interventions; nettoyage, désinfection et stérilisation des surfaces et de l’équipement, y compris les jouets; technique d’asepsie pour les interventions invasives), ainsi que les précautions additionnelles en cas d’infections particulières. Les membres du personnel doivent avoir reçu les vaccins nécessaires, et ceux qui sont atteints d’une infection doivent respecter les politiques de restriction au travail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy L Moore
- Société canadienne de pédiatrie, comité des maladies infectieuses et d’immunisation, Ottawa (Ontario)
- Correspondance : Société canadienne de pédiatrie, 100–2305, boul. St. Laurent, Ottawa (Ontario) K1G 4J8 Courriel : ; site Web : www.cps.ca
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy L Moore
- Canadian Paediatric Society, Infectious Diseases and Immunization Committee, Ottawa, Ontario
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
McBride DL. Updated Guidelines on Infection Prevention in Pediatric Ambulatory Settings. J Pediatr Nurs 2018; 41:146-147. [PMID: 29336853 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|