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Pszczołowska M, Walczak K, Misków W, Antosz K, Batko J, Karska J, Leszek J. Molecular cross-talk between long COVID-19 and Alzheimer's disease. GeroScience 2024; 46:2885-2899. [PMID: 38393535 PMCID: PMC11009207 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01096-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The long COVID (coronavirus disease), a multisystemic condition following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, is one of the widespread problems. Some of its symptoms affect the nervous system and resemble symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-a neurodegenerative condition caused by the accumulation of amyloid beta and hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins. Multiple studies have found dependence between these two conditions. Patients with Alzheimer's disease have a greater risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection due to increased levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and the infection itself promotes amyloid beta generation which enhances the risk of AD. Also, the molecular pathways are alike-misregulations in folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism, a deficit of Cq10, and disease-associated microglia. Medical imaging in both of these diseases shows a decrease in the volume of gray matter, global brain size reduction, and hypometabolism in the parahippocampal gyrus, thalamus, and cingulate cortex. In some studies, a similar approach to applied medication can be seen, including the use of amino adamantanes and phenolic compounds of rosemary. The significance of these connections and their possible application in medical practice still needs further study but there is a possibility that they will help to better understand long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamil Walczak
- Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Weronika Misków
- Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Antosz
- Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Batko
- Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Julia Karska
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Department, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jerzy Leszek
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Department, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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2
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Lopriore P, Vista M, Tessa A, Giuntini M, Caldarazzo Ienco E, Mancuso M, Siciliano G, Santorelli FM, Orsucci D. Primary Coenzyme Q10 Deficiency-Related Ataxias. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2391. [PMID: 38673663 PMCID: PMC11050807 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebellar ataxia is a neurological syndrome characterized by the imbalance (e.g., truncal ataxia, gait ataxia) and incoordination of limbs while executing a task (dysmetria), caused by the dysfunction of the cerebellum or its connections. It is frequently associated with other signs of cerebellar dysfunction, including abnormal eye movements, dysmetria, kinetic tremor, dysarthria, and/or dysphagia. Among the so-termed mitochondrial ataxias, variants in genes encoding steps of the coenzyme Q10 biosynthetic pathway represent a common cause of autosomal recessive primary coenzyme Q10 deficiencies (PCoQD)s. PCoQD is a potentially treatable condition; therefore, a correct and timely diagnosis is essential. After a brief presentation of the illustrative case of an Italian woman with this condition (due to a novel homozygous nonsense mutation in COQ8A), this article will review ataxias due to PCoQD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piervito Lopriore
- Unit of Neurology, San Luca Hospital, Via Lippi-Francesconi, 55100 Lucca, Italy; (P.L.); (M.V.); (M.G.); (E.C.I.)
- Neurological Institute, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Marco Vista
- Unit of Neurology, San Luca Hospital, Via Lippi-Francesconi, 55100 Lucca, Italy; (P.L.); (M.V.); (M.G.); (E.C.I.)
| | - Alessandra Tessa
- Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (A.T.); (F.M.S.)
| | - Martina Giuntini
- Unit of Neurology, San Luca Hospital, Via Lippi-Francesconi, 55100 Lucca, Italy; (P.L.); (M.V.); (M.G.); (E.C.I.)
| | - Elena Caldarazzo Ienco
- Unit of Neurology, San Luca Hospital, Via Lippi-Francesconi, 55100 Lucca, Italy; (P.L.); (M.V.); (M.G.); (E.C.I.)
| | - Michelangelo Mancuso
- Neurological Institute, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- Neurological Institute, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.M.); (G.S.)
| | | | - Daniele Orsucci
- Unit of Neurology, San Luca Hospital, Via Lippi-Francesconi, 55100 Lucca, Italy; (P.L.); (M.V.); (M.G.); (E.C.I.)
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3
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Govers LP, Toka HR, Hariri A, Walsh SB, Bockenhauer D. Mitochondrial DNA mutations in renal disease: an overview. Pediatr Nephrol 2021; 36:9-17. [PMID: 31925537 PMCID: PMC7701126 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-019-04404-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Kidneys have a high energy demand to facilitate the reabsorption of the glomerular filtrate. For this reason, renal cells have a high density of mitochondria. Mitochondrial cytopathies can be the result of a mutation in both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. Mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to a variety of renal manifestations. Examples of tubular manifestations are renal Fanconi Syndrome, which is often found in patients diagnosed with Kearns-Sayre and Pearson's marrow-pancreas syndrome, and distal tubulopathies, which result in electrolyte disturbances such as hypomagnesemia. Nephrotic syndrome can be a glomerular manifestation of mitochondrial dysfunction and is typically associated with focal segmental glomerular sclerosis on histology. Tubulointerstitial nephritis can also be seen in mitochondrial cytopathies and may lead to end-stage renal disease. The underlying mechanisms of these cytopathies remain incompletely understood; therefore, current therapies focus mainly on symptom relief. A better understanding of the molecular disease mechanisms is critical in order to improve treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa P Govers
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hakan R Toka
- Manatee Kidney Diseases Consultants, Bradenton, USA
| | - Ali Hariri
- Clinical Development, Sanofi Rare Disease, Boston, USA
| | - Stephen B Walsh
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Detlef Bockenhauer
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
- Renal Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, London, UK.
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Role of mitochondria, oxidative stress and the response to antioxidants in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: A possible approach to SARS-CoV-2 'long-haulers'? Chronic Dis Transl Med 2020; 7:14-26. [PMID: 33251031 PMCID: PMC7680046 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant number of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic patients have developed chronic symptoms lasting weeks or months which are very similar to those described for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. This study reviews the current literature and understanding of the role that mitochondria, oxidative stress and antioxidants may play in the understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment of chronic fatigue. It describes what is known about the dysfunctional pathways which can develop in mitochondria and their relationship to chronic fatigue. It also reviews what is known about oxidative stress and how this can be related to the pathophysiology of fatigue, as well as examining the potential for specific therapy directed at mitochondria for the treatment of chronic fatigue in the form of antioxidants. This study identifies areas which require urgent, further research in order to fully elucidate the clinical and therapeutic potential of these approaches.
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Martinefski MR, Cocucci SE, Di Carlo MB, Vega HR, Lucangioli SE, Perazzi BE, Tripodi VP. Fetal coenzyme Q10 deficiency in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2020; 44:368-374. [PMID: 31477533 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is considered a high-risk condition because it may have serious consequences for the fetus health. ICP is characterized by the accumulation of bile acids in maternal serum which contribute to an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant defenses increasing the oxidative stress experienced by the fetus. Previously, it was reported a significant decrease in plasma coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in women with ICP. CoQ10 is a redox substance integrated in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and is recognized as a potent antioxidant playing an intrinsic role against oxidative damage. The objective of the present study was to investigate the levels of CoQ10 in umbilical cord blood during normal pregnancy and in those complicated with ICP, all of them compared to the maternal ones. METHODS CoQ10 levels and bile acid levels in maternal and umbilical cord blood levels during normal pregnancies (n=23) and in those complicated with ICP (n=13), were investigated. RESULTS A significant decrease in neonate CoQ10 levels corrected by cholesterol (0.105±0.010 vs. 0.069±0.011, P<0.05, normal pregnancy vs. ICP, respectively), together with an increase of total serum bile acids (2.10±0.02 vs. 7.60±2.30, P<0.05, normal pregnancy vs. ICP, respectively) was observed. CONCLUSIONS A fetus from an ICP mother is exposed to a greater risk derived from oxidative damage. The recognition of CoQ10 deficiency is important since it could be the starting point for a new and safe intervention strategy which can establish CoQ10 as a promising candidate to prevent the risk of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Romina Martinefski
- Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, 5(th) Floor, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Ema Cocucci
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Beatriz Di Carlo
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hilda Ruda Vega
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, División de Obstetricia, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Edith Lucangioli
- Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, 5(th) Floor, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, CONICET, Argentina
| | - Beatriz Elizabeth Perazzi
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria Paula Tripodi
- Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, 5(th) Floor, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, CONICET, Argentina.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic myopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by inherited defects of enzymatic pathways involved in muscle fiber energetics. Diagnosing metabolic myopathies requires a thoroughly taken individual and family history, a meticulous neurologic exam, exercise tests, blood and urine tests, needle-electromyography, nerve-conduction studies, muscle biopsy, targeted genetic tests, or next-generation sequencing. There is limited evidence from the literature to guide treatment of metabolic myopathies. Treatment is largely limited to non-invasive/invasive symptomatic measures. However, promising results have been achieved with enzyme replacement therapy in Pompe disease (GSD-II). Primary coenzyme-Q deficiency responds favorably to coenzyme-Q supplementation. MNGIE responds to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, orthotopic liver transplantation, and carrier erythrocyte entrapped thymidine phosphorylase enzyme therapy. MADD may respond to riboflavin. Areas covered: This review aims to summarize and discuss recent findings and new insights concerning diagnosis and treatment of metabolic myopathies. Expert commentary: Except for GSD-II, coenzyme-Q deficiency, and MNGIE, treatment of metabolic myopathies is usually palliative and supportive (non-invasive or invasive). Non-invasive symptomatic treatment includes physiotherapy, diet, administration of drugs, conservative orthopedic measures, and respiratory non-invasive support. Important is the avoidance of triggers for episodic forms of fatty acid oxidation disorders. Invasive measures include orthopedic surgery and invasive mechanical ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Finsterer
- a Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Messerli Institute , Veterinary University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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7
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Clinical syndromes associated with Coenzyme Q10 deficiency. Essays Biochem 2018; 62:377-398. [DOI: 10.1042/ebc20170107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Primary Coenzyme Q deficiencies represent a group of rare conditions caused by mutations in one of the genes required in its biosynthetic pathway at the enzymatic or regulatory level. The associated clinical manifestations are highly heterogeneous and mainly affect central and peripheral nervous system, kidney, skeletal muscle and heart. Genotype–phenotype correlations are difficult to establish, mainly because of the reduced number of patients and the large variety of symptoms. In addition, mutations in the same COQ gene can cause different clinical pictures. Here, we present an updated and comprehensive review of the clinical manifestations associated with each of the pathogenic variants causing primary CoQ deficiencies.
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Yubero D, Montero R, Santos-Ocaña C, Salviati L, Navas P, Artuch R. Molecular diagnosis of coenzyme Q 10 deficiency: an update. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2018; 18:491-498. [PMID: 29781757 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1478290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) deficiency syndromes comprise a growing number of genetic disorders. While primary CoQ deficiency syndromes are rare diseases, secondary deficiencies have been related to both genetic and environmental conditions, which are the main causes of biochemical CoQ deficiency. The diagnosis is the essential first step for planning future treatment strategies, as the potential treatability of CoQ deficiency is the most critical issue for the patients. Areas covered: While the quickest and most effective tool to define a CoQ-deficient status is its biochemical determination in biological fluids or tissues, this quantification does not provide a definite diagnosis of a CoQ-deficient status nor insight about the genetic etiology of the disease. The different laboratory tests to check for CoQ deficiency are evaluated in order to choose the best diagnostic pathway for the patient. Expert commentary: New insights are being discovered about the implication of new proteins in the intricate CoQ biosynthetic pathway. These insights reinforce the idea that next generation sequencing diagnostic strategies are the unique alternative in terms of rapid and accurate molecular diagnosis of CoQ deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Yubero
- a Department of Genetic and Clinical Biochemistry , Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, and CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Raquel Montero
- a Department of Genetic and Clinical Biochemistry , Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, and CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Carlos Santos-Ocaña
- b Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo , Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- c Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Pediatrics , University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Placido Navas
- b Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo , Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Rafael Artuch
- a Department of Genetic and Clinical Biochemistry , Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, and CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) , Barcelona , Spain
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Lynch DR, McCormick A, Schadt K, Kichula E. Pediatric Ataxia: Focus on Chronic Disorders. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2018; 25:54-64. [PMID: 29735117 DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Evaluation of a pediatric patient presenting with ataxia can be expensive and time consuming. Acute causes tend to have a clear developmental paradigm, but chronic presentations are more likely to be secondary to a genetic disorder, either one that primarily causes ataxia or that presents ataxia as one of a multitude of symptoms. Evaluation should focus on a quick diagnosis for those that have treatment options and for those that require other systemic monitoring. Friedreich ataxia is the most common, and genetic testing can easily confirm the suspicion. Testing for vitamin E (for ataxia with isolated vitamin E deficiency) and alpha fetoprotein (for Ataxia Telangiectasia or AT) are important, as is empiric treatment with coenzyme Q10 for those genetic abnormalities that can lead to coenzyme Q deficiency. Clear family history, disease progression, physical examination focusing on type of ataxia and other associated neurologic features, and investigation of systemic involvement can help in focusing clinical assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Lynch
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Ashley McCormick
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kimberly Schadt
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Elizabeth Kichula
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Romero-Moya D, Santos-Ocaña C, Castaño J, Garrabou G, Rodríguez-Gómez JA, Ruiz-Bonilla V, Bueno C, González-Rodríguez P, Giorgetti A, Perdiguero E, Prieto C, Moren-Nuñez C, Fernández-Ayala DJ, Victoria Cascajo M, Velasco I, Canals JM, Montero R, Yubero D, Jou C, López-Barneo J, Cardellach F, Muñoz-Cánoves P, Artuch R, Navas P, Menendez P. Genetic Rescue of Mitochondrial and Skeletal Muscle Impairment in an Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Model of Coenzyme Q 10 Deficiency. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1687-1703. [PMID: 28472853 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 ) plays a crucial role in mitochondria as an electron carrier within the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) and is an essential antioxidant. Mutations in genes responsible for CoQ10 biosynthesis (COQ genes) cause primary CoQ10 deficiency, a rare and heterogeneous mitochondrial disorder with no clear genotype-phenotype association, mainly affecting tissues with high-energy demand including brain and skeletal muscle (SkM). Here, we report a four-year-old girl diagnosed with minor mental retardation and lethal rhabdomyolysis harboring a heterozygous mutation (c.483G > C (E161D)) in COQ4. The patient's fibroblasts showed a decrease in [CoQ10 ], CoQ10 biosynthesis, MRC activity affecting complexes I/II + III, and respiration defects. Bona fide induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSCs) lines carrying the COQ4 mutation (CQ4-iPSCs) were generated, characterized and genetically edited using the CRISPR-Cas9 system (CQ4ed -iPSCs). Extensive differentiation and metabolic assays of control-iPSCs, CQ4-iPSCs and CQ4ed -iPSCs demonstrated a genotype association, reproducing the disease phenotype. The COQ4 mutation in iPSC was associated with CoQ10 deficiency, metabolic dysfunction, and respiration defects. iPSC differentiation into SkM was compromised, and the resulting SkM also displayed respiration defects. Remarkably, iPSC differentiation in dopaminergic or motor neurons was unaffected. This study offers an unprecedented iPSC model recapitulating CoQ10 deficiency-associated functional and metabolic phenotypes caused by COQ4 mutation. Stem Cells 2017;35:1687-1703.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damià Romero-Moya
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Santos-Ocaña
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo Olavide-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain
| | - Julio Castaño
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gloria Garrabou
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain.,Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex-IDIBAPS-Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José A Rodríguez-Gómez
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Vanesa Ruiz-Bonilla
- CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.,Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Bueno
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia González-Rodríguez
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alessandra Giorgetti
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eusebio Perdiguero
- CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.,Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Prieto
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Constanza Moren-Nuñez
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain.,Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex-IDIBAPS-Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel J Fernández-Ayala
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo Olavide-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain
| | - Maria Victoria Cascajo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo Olavide-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain
| | - Iván Velasco
- Insituto de Fisiología Celular-Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México.,Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular del IFC en el Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", México DF, México
| | - Josep Maria Canals
- CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.,Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Production and validation center of advanced therapies (Creatio) Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Montero
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain.,Clinical Biochemistry Department, Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Delia Yubero
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Jou
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain.,Clinical Biochemistry Department, Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José López-Barneo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Cardellach
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain.,Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex-IDIBAPS-Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.,Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana Recerca Estudis Avančats (ICREA), Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Artuch
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain.,Clinical Biochemistry Department, Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo Olavide-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain
| | - Pablo Menendez
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana Recerca Estudis Avančats (ICREA), Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Spain
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11
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Yubero D, Allen G, Artuch R, Montero R. The Value of Coenzyme Q 10 Determination in Mitochondrial Patients. J Clin Med 2017; 6:jcm6040037. [PMID: 28338638 PMCID: PMC5406769 DOI: 10.3390/jcm6040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) is a lipid that is ubiquitously synthesized in tissues and has a key role in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Its biochemical determination provides insight into the CoQ status of tissues and may detect CoQ deficiency that can result from either an inherited primary deficiency of CoQ metabolism or may be secondary to different genetic and environmental conditions. Rapid identification of CoQ deficiency can also allow potentially beneficial treatment to be initiated as early as possible. CoQ may be measured in different specimens, including plasma, blood mononuclear cells, platelets, urine, muscle, and cultured skin fibroblasts. Blood and urinary CoQ also have good utility for CoQ treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Yubero
- Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER-ISCIII, Passeig Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - George Allen
- Department of Blood Sciences, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK.
| | - Rafael Artuch
- Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER-ISCIII, Passeig Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Raquel Montero
- Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER-ISCIII, Passeig Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.
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12
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Rodríguez-Aguilera JC, Cortés AB, Fernández-Ayala DJM, Navas P. Biochemical Assessment of Coenzyme Q 10 Deficiency. J Clin Med 2017; 6:jcm6030027. [PMID: 28273876 PMCID: PMC5372996 DOI: 10.3390/jcm6030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency syndrome includes clinically heterogeneous mitochondrial diseases that show a variety of severe and debilitating symptoms. A multiprotein complex encoded by nuclear genes carries out CoQ10 biosynthesis. Mutations in any of these genes are responsible for the primary CoQ10 deficiency, but there are also different conditions that induce secondary CoQ10 deficiency including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion and mutations in genes involved in the fatty acid β-oxidation pathway. The diagnosis of CoQ10 deficiencies is determined by the decrease of its content in skeletal muscle and/or dermal skin fibroblasts. Dietary CoQ10 supplementation is the only available treatment for these deficiencies that require a rapid and distinct diagnosis. Here we review methods for determining CoQ10 content by HPLC separation and identification using alternative approaches including electrochemical detection and mass spectrometry. Also, we review procedures to determine the CoQ10 biosynthesis rate using labeled precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Aguilera
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Celular y Bioenergética, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CISC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Ana Belén Cortés
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Celular y Bioenergética, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CISC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Daniel J M Fernández-Ayala
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CISC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CISC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
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13
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Emma F, Montini G, Parikh SM, Salviati L. Mitochondrial dysfunction in inherited renal disease and acute kidney injury. Nat Rev Nephrol 2016; 12:267-80. [PMID: 26804019 PMCID: PMC5469549 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2015.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are increasingly recognized as key players in genetic and acquired renal diseases. Most mitochondrial cytopathies that cause renal symptoms are characterized by tubular defects, but glomerular, tubulointerstitial and cystic diseases have also been described. For example, defects in coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) biosynthesis and the mitochondrial DNA 3243 A>G mutation are important causes of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in children and in adults, respectively. Although they sometimes present with isolated renal findings, mitochondrial diseases are frequently associated with symptoms related to central nervous system and neuromuscular involvement. They can result from mutations in nuclear genes that are inherited according to classic Mendelian rules or from mutations in mitochondrial DNA, which are transmitted according to more complex rules of mitochondrial genetics. Diagnosis of mitochondrial disorders involves clinical characterization of patients in combination with biochemical and genetic analyses. In particular, prompt diagnosis of CoQ10 biosynthesis defects is imperative because of their potentially reversible nature. In acute kidney injury (AKI), mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the physiopathology of tissue injury, whereas mitochondrial biogenesis has an important role in the recovery of renal function. Potential therapies that target mitochondrial dysfunction or promote mitochondrial regeneration are being developed to limit renal damage during AKI and promote repair of injured tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Emma
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù-IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Montini
- Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via della Commenda 9, Milano, Italy
| | - Samir M Parikh
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padova, Italy
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14
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Ortigoza-Escobar JD, Oyarzabal A, Montero R, Artuch R, Jou C, Jiménez C, Gort L, Briones P, Muchart J, López-Gallardo E, Emperador S, Pesini ER, Montoya J, Pérez B, Rodríguez-Pombo P, Pérez-Dueñas B. Ndufs4 related Leigh syndrome: A case report and review of the literature. Mitochondrion 2016; 28:73-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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