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Emirzeoğlu M, Ülger Ö. SUPER rehabilitation of hamstring strain injuries in soccer players: Delphi consensus study. Physiother Theory Pract 2024; 40:2083-2093. [PMID: 37341645 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2023.2226732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hamstring strain injuries (HSI) are one of the most common injuries for soccer players and there is a need for new clinical-based studies on the rehabilitation of these injuries. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to create a consensus on physiotherapy and rehabilitation approaches used in HSI by physiotherapists with super league experience in Turkey. METHODS Twenty-six male physiotherapists (duration of experience in professional life, on athlete health, and in the super league: 12.84 ± 6.04 years, 12.19 ± 5.96 years, 8.71 ± 5.31 years, respectively) from different institutions participated in the study. The research was carried out in three rounds using the Delphi method. RESULTS Data collected using LimeSurvey and Google Forms were analyzed using the Microsoft Excel and SPSS 22 software. The response rates over the three rounds were 100%, 96%, and 96%, respectively. The 10 main items that were agreed upon in Round 1 were divided into 93 sub-items. Their numbers in the second and third Rounds were 60 and 53, respectively. At the end of Round 3, the highest consensus was on eccentric exercise, dynamic stretching, interval running, and movement-enhancing field training. All sub-items at this round were classified as SUPER (S: Soft tissue restoration techniques; U: Using supportive approaches; P: Physical fitness exercises; E: Electro-hydro-thermal methods; and R: Return to sport activities). CONCLUSION SUPER rehabilitation provides a new conceptual framework in terms of approaches used by clinicians in rehabilitation for athletes with HSI. Recognizing the lack of evidence for the various approaches involved, clinicians can modify their practice and researchers can explore whether these approaches are scientifically correct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Emirzeoğlu
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Özlem Ülger
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Konrad A, Alizadeh S, Daneshjoo A, Anvar SH, Graham A, Zahiri A, Goudini R, Edwards C, Scharf C, Behm DG. Chronic effects of stretching on range of motion with consideration of potential moderating variables: A systematic review with meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:186-194. [PMID: 37301370 PMCID: PMC10980866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that stretch training can induce prolonged increases in joint range of motion (ROM). However, to date more information is needed regarding which training variables might have greater influence on improvements in flexibility. Thus, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of stretch training on ROM in healthy participants by considering potential moderating variables, such as stretching technique, intensity, duration, frequency, and muscles stretched, as well as sex-specific, age-specific, and/or trained state-specific adaptations to stretch training. METHODS We searched through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SportDiscus to find eligible studies and, finally, assessed the results from 77 studies and 186 effect sizes by applying a random-effect meta-analysis. Moreover, by applying a mixed-effect model, we performed the respective subgroup analyses. To find potential relationships between stretch duration or age and effect sizes, we performed a meta-regression. RESULTS We found a significant overall effect, indicating that stretch training can increase ROM with a moderate effect compared to the controls (effect size = -1.002; Z = -12.074; 95% confidence interval: -1.165 to -0.840; p < 0.001; I2 = 74.97). Subgroup analysis showed a significant difference between the stretching techniques (p = 0.01) indicating that proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and static stretching produced greater ROM than did ballistic/dynamic stretching. Moreover, there was a significant effect between the sexes (p = 0.04), indicating that females showed higher gains in ROM compared to males. However, further moderating analysis showed no significant relation or difference. CONCLUSION When the goal is to maximize ROM in the long term, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation or static stretching, rather than ballistic/dynamic stretching, should be applied. Something to consider in future research as well as sports practice is that neither volume, intensity, nor frequency of stretching were found to play a significant role in ROM yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Konrad
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Graz A-8010, Austria; School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Abdolhamid Daneshjoo
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-13439, Iran
| | - Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Andrew Graham
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Ali Zahiri
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Reza Goudini
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Chris Edwards
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Carina Scharf
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Graz A-8010, Austria
| | - David George Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada.
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Liyanage E, Malwanage K, Senarath D, Wijayasinghe H, Liyanage I, Chellapillai D, Nishshanka S. Effects of Different Physical Therapy Interventions in Improving Flexibility in University Students with Hamstring Tightness - A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2024; 17:359-381. [PMID: 38665684 PMCID: PMC11042845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify the different interventions for hamstring flexibility among university students with hamstring tightness and to determine the better treatment method. Design Systematic review and network meta-analysis. An electronic search of the databases: Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane, EMBASE, CINAHL, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) was conducted. A total of 11 articles were included in the review. Of these articles, 02 were case-control studies, 02 were interventional pre-post studies and 07 were RCTs. The 07 RCTs were included for network meta-analysis. The findings of the initial network meta-analysis (NMA) which compared control i.e., no intervention with other interventions revealed that all the physical therapy interventions: stretching, electrotherapy combined with stretching, massage, dry needling and neurodynamic exercises combined with stretching and neurodynamics alone were superior to control. Since most studies included stretching as an intervention, a second NMA was conducted to compare the different physical therapy interventions with stretching. The results suggested that US-guided neuromodulation (WMD: -5.80, CI: -12.11, 0.51) had large effects on hamstring flexibility compared to stretching and stretching combined with electrotherapy i.e., cryotherapy and ultrasound (WMD: 0.25, CI: -1.14 to 1.64), MET (WMD: 3.10, CI: -3.28 to 9.48) and massage (WMD: 8.05, CI: -11.90 to 27.18) were inferior to stretching. To further investigate the effects of these interventions three meta-analysis were performed. The results revealed that stretching was more effective (SMD 2.27, 95% 0.72 to 3.81, p < 0.01) compared to control (no intervention). Neurodynamic exercises combined with stretching and neurodynamics alone were found to be superior to stretching alone ((SMD -0.69, 95% -1.35 to -0.03, p < 0.01) and stretching combined with electrotherapy was not significantly better than stretching alone ((SMD -0.07, 95% -1.00 to 0.87, p=0.88). Neurodynamic exercises combined with stretching and neurodynamics alone showed to be superior to the other physical therapy interventions in improving hamstring flexibility for hamstring tightness among university students, however, the reliability of the evidence is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Liyanage
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, SRI LANKA
| | - Kavinda Malwanage
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, SRI LANKA
| | - Dilhari Senarath
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, SRI LANKA
| | - Hashini Wijayasinghe
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, SRI LANKA
| | - Indrajith Liyanage
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, SRI LANKA
| | - Dhananjee Chellapillai
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Sir John Kotelawala Defense University (KDU), SRI LANKA
| | - Shiromi Nishshanka
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Sir John Kotelawala Defense University (KDU), SRI LANKA
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de Sire A, Marotta N, Spanó R, Fasano S, Sgro M, Lippi L, Invernizzi M, Ammendolia A. Efficacy of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on functioning in patients with bilateral hip osteoarthritis: A pilot randomized controlled trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2024; 37:445-457. [PMID: 37955078 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-230148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hip osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic progressive disease that impresses a noticeable burden to society and healthcare systems. Physical exercise constitutes the first-line hip OA treatment approach, nevertheless, there is currently no gold standard method to treat this disease. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on functioning in patients with hip OA. METHOD A pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) was carried out on patients with painful bilateral hip OA with a body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2. After the randomization, the experimental group was treated with PNF protocol and the control group with conventional physical therapy (10 sessions of manual therapy, 5 sessions/week for 2 weeks). The Harris Hip Score (HHS) was the primary outcome, whereas we assessed as secondary outcomes: pain, range of motion, and muscle strength of hip, physical performance, and quality of life. RESULTS Twenty patients (40 hips) were enrolled and randomized into two groups: PNF group (mean age: 70.7 ± 8.07; BMI: 25.1 ± 3.07; 7 females and 3 males) and control group (mean age: 74.9 ± 10.72; BMI: 26.8 ± 3.78; 6 females and 4 males). The results showed a statistically significant improvement of HHS in the study group (T1: 90.6 ± 5.63) than in the control group (T1: 77.3 ± 10.9) (between-group p value < 0.001). Three months after the treatment we have statistically significant maintenance in the PNF group (T2:89.6±6.32, within-group ΔT0-T2 p< 0.01) while the control group did not maintain the improvements recorded at T1 (T2: 71.4 ± 15.8). CONCLUSION The results of this pilot RCT showed that incorporating PNF exercises into the rehabilitation program yielded notable enhancements in improving lower limb function, strength and ROM in hip OA patients. Nonetheless, further prospective studies including wider sample size are needed to implement scientific knowledge on this physical therapy approach, in patients with hip osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro de Sire
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
- Research Center on Musculoskeletal Health, MusculoSkeletalHealth@UMG, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Marotta
- Research Center on Musculoskeletal Health, MusculoSkeletalHealth@UMG, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Riccardo Spanó
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
- S. Anna Institute, Crotone, Italy
| | - Stefano Fasano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Sgro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lippi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
- Translational Medicine, Dipartimento Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Marco Invernizzi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
- Translational Medicine, Dipartimento Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Antonio Ammendolia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
- Research Center on Musculoskeletal Health, MusculoSkeletalHealth@UMG, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
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Nafees K, Baig AAM, Ali SS, Ishaque F. Dynamic soft tissue mobilization versus proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation in reducing hamstring muscle tightness in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized control trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:447. [PMID: 37268961 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06571-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) considered as one of the most common degenerative diseases of synovial joint. KOA is mostly managed by physical therapy, focused on pain management, the range of motion and muscle strengthening but muscle flexibility is usually neglected. A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of dynamic soft tissue mobilization (DSTM) in comparison with the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching in the management of hamstring tightness, reduction of pain intensity and improvement of physical functionality in KOA. METHODS Forty eight patients with KOA were randomly allocated to group A receiving DTSM and group B receiving PNF stretching. The cryotherapy and isometric strengthening exercises were also given to both groups. Total treatment duration consisted of 4 weeks, 3 sessions per week and total 12 sessions per patient. Each treatment session comprised of 30 min. At baseline and post treatment, Active knee extension test(AKET), Visual analogue scale (VAS), and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) were used to assess hamstring flexibility, pain intensity level and physical functional capability respectively. The continuous variables were shown as mean and standard deviations. For the comparison of outcome within and between groups, paired sample and independent t-test was applied. Considerable p value was less than 0.05. RESULTS The between group analysis of VAS, right AKE test, and left AKE test showed non-significant (p > 0.05) mean difference as 0.2 (95% CI= -0.29, 0.70), 1.79 (95% CI= -1.84, 4.59), 1.78 (95% CI= -1.6, 5.19) respectively. KOOS domains of symptom, pain, ADLs, sports and recreational, and quality of life had also non-significant (p > 0.05) mean difference as 1.12 (95% CI= -4.05, 6.3), -5.12 (95% CI= -12.71, 2.46), -2.55 (95% CI= -7.47, 2.38), -2.7 (95% CI= -9.72, 4.3), and - 0.68 (95% CI= -7.69, 6.36) respectively. Significant (p < 0.001) improvement was shown in both groups for all outcome measures after 12 sessions. CONCLUSION DSTM and PNF stretching, both treatments are equally beneficial in KOA for hamstring flexibility, pain reduction and functional mobility in terms of AKET, VAS, and KOOS respectively. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClincalTrials.Gov with ID: NCT04925895, 14/06/2021, retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Nafees
- Department of physiotherapy, Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Aftab Ahmed Mirza Baig
- Department of physiotherapy, Sindh Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Shahzad Ali
- Department of physiotherapy, Sindh Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Ishaque
- Department of physiotherapy, Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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Munari D, Serina A, Leonardelli A, Lanza D, Caramori A, Guerrini A, Angela M, Filippetti M, Smania N, Picelli A. Effects of deep heating modalities on the morphological and elastic properties of the non-insertional region of achilles tendon: a pilot study. Int J Hyperthermia 2022; 39:222-228. [DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2022.2026497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Munari
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Serina
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Davide Lanza
- Department of Neuroscience, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alberto Caramori
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Guerrini
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Modenese Angela
- Department of Neuroscience, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mirko Filippetti
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Smania
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Picelli
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Section of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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AGOSTINI VALENTINA, VISCONTI LORENZO, TRUCCO MARCO, MARITANO ALESSIO, CAPRA GIANPIERO, BALESTRA GABRIELLA, ROSATI SAMANTA, KNAFLITZ MARCO. KNEE PROPRIOCEPTION MAY BE ALTERED BY TREATMENT IN ATHLETES SUFFERING FROM DELAYED ONSET MUSCLE SORENESS. J MECH MED BIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519419500118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a very common musculoskeletal problem in athletes involved in extreme competitions. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of diathermy, sham diathermy and massage on the knee proprioception of athletes treated for DOMS. Forty athletes were enrolled after the second day of a demanding ski mountaineering race. They were randomly assigned to four groups: no treatment [Formula: see text], massage [Formula: see text], diathermy [Formula: see text], and sham diathermy [Formula: see text]. The knee reposition error was measured after the treatments in order to assess knee proprioception. Significant differences between the diathermy and sham diathermy groups were found ([Formula: see text]) with an absolute effect size of [Formula: see text]. No other significant differences were found among groups. This means that diathermy has a negative impact on joint proprioception and can be explained by the spindle desensitization consequent to deeper tissue heating. This information can be important in the DOMS management of athletes, since an altered proprioception may interfere with the athlete’s performance and can increase the risk of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- VALENTINA AGOSTINI
- Dipartimento di Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | | | - GIANPIERO CAPRA
- SUPSI-University of Applied Sciences and Arts of the Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland
| | - GABRIELLA BALESTRA
- Dipartimento di Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - SAMANTA ROSATI
- Dipartimento di Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - MARCO KNAFLITZ
- Dipartimento di Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
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Hold-relax and contract-relax stretching for hamstrings flexibility: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport 2019; 35:42-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Gunn LJ, Stewart JC, Morgan B, Metts ST, Magnuson JM, Iglowski NJ, Fritz SL, Arnot C. Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques improve hamstring flexibility better than static stretching alone: a randomized clinical trial. J Man Manip Ther 2018; 27:15-23. [PMID: 30692839 DOI: 10.1080/10669817.2018.1475693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Tight hamstrings contribute to inefficiency of movement and increased risk for injury. Static stretching is the most common intervention for this problem, but the use of alternatives like instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) is increasing among clinicians. This study examined two prospective studies with the common aim of demonstrating the effectiveness of IASTM or PNF over static stretching for improving hamstring tightness. Methods: Nondisabled adults were recruited on a university campus. IASTM study: N = 17 (11 males and 6 females). PNF study: N = 23 (7 males and 16 females). Hip flexion range of motion was measured with a passive straight leg raise (for IASTM) or active straight leg raise (for PNF) before and after stretching. Participants performed a self-static stretch on one leg and received the alternative intervention on the contralateral leg. The two studies were analyzed separately for reliability indices and significant differences between interventions. Results: Hip flexion measures showed good reliability in both studies (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.97) with a minimal detectable change of <4.26. Both studies showed significant interactions between time and intervention (p < 0.05). Follow-up analyses revealed PNF and IASTM interventions resulted in greater increases in hip flexion range than static stretching. Discussion: These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of PNF and IASTM techniques over static stretching for hamstring flexibility. These interventions provide more efficient alternatives for improving flexibility in the clinic, allowing greater progress in a shorter period of time than an equivalent static stretching program. Level of Evidence: 1b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanna J Gunn
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States of America
| | - Jill Campbell Stewart
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States of America
| | - Brittany Morgan
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States of America
| | - Steven T Metts
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States of America
| | - Justin M Magnuson
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States of America
| | - Nicholas J Iglowski
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States of America
| | - Stacy L Fritz
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States of America
| | - Catherine Arnot
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States of America
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Moreira R, Lial L, Teles Monteiro MG, Aragão A, Santos David L, Coertjens M, Silva-Júnior FL, Dias G, Velasques B, Ribeiro P, Teixeira SS, Bastos VH. Diagonal movement of the upper limb produces greater adaptive plasticity than sagittal plane flexion in the shoulder. Neurosci Lett 2017; 643:8-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abe Y, Goh AC, Miyoshi K. Availability, usage, and factors affecting usage of electrophysical agents by physical therapists: a regional cross-sectional survey. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:3088-3094. [PMID: 27942126 PMCID: PMC5140806 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.3088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate the availability, usage, and factors
affecting usage of electrophysical agents by physical therapists in Nagano Prefecture,
Japan. [Subjects and Methods] Questionnaires were sent to all 1,571 physical therapists
working in 245 institutions within Nagano Prefecture. A total of 1,110 questionnaires were
returned, out of which 1,099 (70%) questionnaires containing valid responses were
analyzed. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for 22 modalities with regards to
availability, usage, rate of usage, and confidence level in usage. Factors affecting usage
and the relationship between rate of usage and confidence level (Spearman’s rho) were also
determined. [Results] The top three responses for the various outcome measures were as
follows: (1) hot packs (88%), low frequency stimulators (76%), and ultrasound (68%) for
availability; (2) hot packs (72%), ultrasound (61%), and cold packs (59%) for usage; (3)
hot packs (75%), cold spray (49%), and ultrasound (44%) for confidence in usage; and (4)
equipment availability (80%), past experience (79%), and research evidence (78%) for
factors affecting usage. There was a significant positive relationship between confidence
and usage for all modalities, except for ultraviolet radiation, iontophoresis, and
magnetic field. [Conclusion] Usage was strongly correlated with confidence, with the top
three used modalities also being the ones with the highest confidence in usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Abe
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nagano University of Health and Medicine, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Japan
| | - Ah-Cheng Goh
- Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Japan; School of Health Sciences, Shinshu University, Japan
| | - Kei Miyoshi
- School of Health Sciences, Shinshu University, Japan
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12
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Cho SH, Kim SH. Immediate effect of stretching and ultrasound on hamstring flexibility and proprioception. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:1806-8. [PMID: 27390420 PMCID: PMC4932061 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.1806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This research explored the positive effects of self-myofascial release on
hamstring muscular flexibility and proprioception and investigated the effectiveness of
the stretch combined with therapeutic ultrasound. [Subjects and Methods] This study
included 30 healthy university students with no history of pain in the Achilles tendon or
hamstring within the recent 6 months. Each participant completed two experiments. In the
first experiment (MS), they completed self-myofascial stretching using a foam roller for 7
days. In the second experiment (MSU), the same participants performed the self-myofascial
stretching after the 15-minute application of ultrasound. This study involved a pre- and
post-test on hamstring muscle flexibility and hip joint proprioception. [Results] The use
of self-myofascial stretching in the MS experiment had a significant effect on hamstring
muscle flexibility and hip joint proprioception. However, the addition of ultrasound in
the MSU experiment had no additive effect. [Conclusion] Self-myofascial stretching
immediately increased hamstring muscle flexibility and improved hip joint proprioception,
but the addition of pre-stretch ultra sound provided no further benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hak Cho
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Medicine, Kaya University, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Han Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Medicine, Kaya University, Republic of Korea
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