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Aidi MN, Wulandari C, Oktarina SD, Aditra TR, Ernawati F, Efriwati E, Nurjanah N, Rachmawati R, Julianti ED, Sundari D, Retiaty F, Arifin AY, Dewi RM, Nazaruddin N, Salimar S, Fuada N, Widodo Y, Setyawati B, Nurhidayati N, Sudikno S, Irawan IR, Widoretno W. Province clustering based on the percentage of communicable disease using the BCBimax biclustering algorithm. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2023; 18. [PMID: 37698368 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2023.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Indonesia needs to lower its high infectious disease rate. This requires reliable data and following their temporal changes across provinces. We investigated the benefits of surveying the epidemiological situation with the imax biclustering algorithm using secondary data from a recent national scale survey of main infectious diseases from the National Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) covering 34 provinces in Indonesia. Hierarchical and k-means clustering can only handle one data source, but BCBimax biclustering can cluster rows and columns in a data matrix. Several experiments determined the best row and column threshold values, which is crucial for a useful result. The percentages of Indonesia's seven most common infectious diseases (ARI, pneumonia, diarrhoea, tuberculosis (TB), hepatitis, malaria, and filariasis) were ordered by province to form groups without considering proximity because clusters are usually far apart. ARI, pneumonia, and diarrhoea were divided into toddler and adult infections, making 10 target diseases instead of seven. The set of biclusters formed based on the presence and level of these diseases included 7 diseases with moderate to high disease levels, 5 diseases (formed by 2 clusters), 3 diseases, 2 diseases, and a final order that only included adult diarrhoea. In 6 of 8 clusters, diarrhea was the most prevalent infectious disease in Indonesia, making its eradication a priority. Direct person-to-person infections like ARI, pneumonia, TB, and diarrhoea were found in 4-6 of 8 clusters. These diseases are more common and spread faster than vector-borne diseases like malaria and filariasis, making them more important.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dian Sundari
- National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta.
| | - Fifi Retiaty
- National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yekti Widodo
- National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta.
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Gomes DS, Silva Coelho PR, de Jesus Mendonça Severino A, Martins Cirilo T, Moreira Teodoro de Oliveira N, Soeiro Barbosa D, Michael Geiger S. Intestinal schistosomiasis-related mortality in Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2000-2019: Temporal trends and spatial patterns for determining priority areas. Trop Med Int Health 2023; 28:215-225. [PMID: 36591936 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify priority areas for schistosomiasis control, we analysed the epidemiological characteristics, temporal trends and spatial patterns of schistosomiasis-related mortality in the state of Minas Gerais from 2000 to 2019. METHODS Ecological and time-series study with spatial analysis techniques on deaths from Schistosomiasis mansoni. A log-linear regression model was used to identify changes in mortality rates. Moran's global index, local indicators of spatial association and a retrospective spatio-temporal permutation model were applied to identify the spatial and temporal distribution of mortality rates and assist in identifying priority areas for interventions. RESULTS A total of 1290 deaths from schistosomiasis were recorded between 2000 and 2019, with an average mortality rate of 0.33 deaths/100,000. Although the overall mortality rate in the state of Minas Gerais decreased significantly over time (average annual percentage change = -9.6; 95% confidence interval = -14.4 to -4.6; p < 0.001), it increased in the mesoregions of Jequitinhonha, Mucuri Valley, and Rio Doce Valley. Spatial analysis identified the displacement and emergence of high-risk clusters from the central region of the state to the mesoregion of Rio Doce Valley. CONCLUSION Temporal changes and shifting of high-risk areas from the central region to the mesoregion of Rio Doce Valley may indicate possible failures in early diagnosis and treatment of the schistosomiasis control program in these areas. Our research contributes to a better understanding of the spatio-temporal dynamics of death rates due to schistosomiasis infections and might help health authorities to direct resources most efficiently to avoid serious clinical outcomes in Minas Gerais.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - David Soeiro Barbosa
- Department for Parasitology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Stefan Michael Geiger
- Department for Parasitology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Brito MIBDS, Oliveira ECAD, Barbosa CS, Gomes ECDS. Factors associated with severe forms and deaths from schistosomiasis and application of probabilistic linkage in databases, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, 2007-2017. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2023; 26:e230003. [PMID: 36629615 PMCID: PMC9838233 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720230003.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify the agreement of data on severe forms and deaths from schistosomiasis recorded in the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System and the Mortality Information System, sociodemographic variables with the occurrence of severe forms and deaths, and the temporal trend of the disease in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. METHODS This is an ecological, descriptive, time series study with data on severe forms and deaths from schistosomiasis in Pernambuco, from 2007 to 2017. For the linkage between databases, a function was developed in python programming language, using the Soundex method. To identify sociodemographic and health factors that correlated with the dependent variables, Pearson's correlation test was applied. For trend analysis, linear regression was applied. RESULTS We identified 9,085 severe cases, 1,956 deaths, and 186 cases in the linkage. The correlation between the average positivity rate with the general water supply and waste collection was 0.22 and 0.26 respectively. We verified a correlation of the average cumulative mortality rate with water supply by well or spring (r=0.27), water supply by the general network (r=0.3), waste collection (r=0.42), and road urbanization (r=0.29). We found 3,153 severe forms in 2007 with a decrease trend and 205 deaths in 2010, without a trend pattern. CONCLUSION There is a need for greater investments in disease control and in the quality of information, especially in the record of severe forms, considering that, due to the pathophysiology of the disease, death only occurs when the individual develops the chronic form, and its notification on the Notifiable Diseases Information System is imperative.
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Brito MIBDS, Oliveira ECAD, Barbosa CS, Gomes ECDS. Factors associated with severe forms and deaths from schistosomiasis and application of probabilistic linkage in databases, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, 2007–2017. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720230003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the agreement of data on severe forms and deaths from schistosomiasis recorded in the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System and the Mortality Information System, sociodemographic variables with the occurrence of severe forms and deaths, and the temporal trend of the disease in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Methods: This is an ecological, descriptive, time series study with data on severe forms and deaths from schistosomiasis in Pernambuco, from 2007 to 2017. For the linkage between databases, a function was developed in python programming language, using the Soundex method. To identify sociodemographic and health factors that correlated with the dependent variables, Pearson’s correlation test was applied. For trend analysis, linear regression was applied. Results: We identified 9,085 severe cases, 1,956 deaths, and 186 cases in the linkage. The correlation between the average positivity rate with the general water supply and waste collection was 0.22 and 0.26 respectively. We verified a correlation of the average cumulative mortality rate with water supply by well or spring (r=0.27), water supply by the general network (r=0.3), waste collection (r=0.42), and road urbanization (r=0.29). We found 3,153 severe forms in 2007 with a decrease trend and 205 deaths in 2010, without a trend pattern. Conclusion: There is a need for greater investments in disease control and in the quality of information, especially in the record of severe forms, considering that, due to the pathophysiology of the disease, death only occurs when the individual develops the chronic form, and its notification on the Notifiable Diseases Information System is imperative.
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Nunes JDC, Silva DLFD, Fonseca LMB, Felipe IMA, Ferreira BR, Santana RDC, Martinelli ADLC, Silva AAMD, Pinho JRR, Gouvêa MSG, Santos MDC, Lima TFM, Albuquerque IDC, Souza MT, Moraes MJD, Caldas ADJM, Souza LAB, Silva CMPDME, Ferreira ADSP. Unexpected findings of hepatitis B and delta infection in northeastern Brazil: A public health alert. Ann Hepatol 2021; 22:100272. [PMID: 33075579 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Research has shown that hepatitis B (HBV) and Delta virus (HDV) are a worldwide public health problem. This study aims to estimate the prevalence rates of HBV and HDV infection in five municipalities of Maranhão, Northeastern Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total sample between 3856 and 4000 individuals. Questionnaires were used to register sociodemographic characteristics and factors associated with transmission. Patients were tested for hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), and antibodies against hepatitis Delta virus (anti-HDV). Factors associated with HBV were detected by means of multivariate Poisson regression. RESULTS Overall, 3983 subjects were included. Ninety-two of the participants were HBsAg-positive (2.30%, 95% CI 1.80-2.80), and anti-HBc was detected in 1535 (38.50%, 95% CI 37-40). The factors associated with the presence of anti-HBc were: (1) Municipality (P<0.001); Age (P<0.001); School education (P<0.001); Illicit drug use (P=0.001); non-HBV vaccine (P=0.041). Among the HBsAg carriers, eight were anti-HDV-positive (8.69%, 95% CI 2.90-14.40). The most frequent HBV genotype was D4. The only HDV genotype was HDV-8. CONCLUSION HBV exhibited intermediate endemicity in the studied region. Traditional factors were associated with exposure to the virus. The presence of the HDV was confirmed. The most frequent HBV and HDV genotypes were unlike the ones currently described in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Beatriz Rossetti Ferreira
- College of Nursing, Departament of Maternal-Infant Nursing and Public Health, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo de Carvalho Santana
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - João Renato Rebello Pinho
- Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology "João Alves de Queiroz and Castorina Bittencourt Alves", LIM-07, São Paulo Institute of Tropical Medicine and Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michele Soares Gomes Gouvêa
- Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology "João Alves de Queiroz and Castorina Bittencourt Alves", LIM-07, São Paulo Institute of Tropical Medicine and Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Josélia Diniz Moraes
- Maranhão Clinical Research Center, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
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Silva da Paz W, Dos Santos Reis E, Leal IB, Barbosa YM, de Araújo KCG, de Jesus AR, de Souza CDF, Dos Santos AD, Bezerra-Santos M. Basic and associated causes of schistosomiasis-related mortality in Brazil: A population-based study and a 20-year time series of a disease still neglected. J Glob Health 2021; 11:04061. [PMID: 34737861 PMCID: PMC8542380 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.11.04061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Schistosomiasis is a persistent public health problem in Brazil. Regardless advances in diagnosis and mass treatment, schistosomiasis has a severe impact on morbimortality in the country and remains a neglected tropical disease. Herein, we assessed the basic and associated causes of schistosomiasis-related deaths and the temporal and spatial patterns of mortality from the disease in Brazil between 1999 and 2018. Methods We conducted an ecological and time series study. The segmented log-linear regression model was applied to assess time trends, considering all deaths recorded in the category B65/ICD-10. Additionally, we elaborated maps of mortality rates from schistosomiasis in Brazil. Results A total of 4168 schistosomiasis-related deaths were recorded in Brazil in this period, as an associated cause. Time trend analysis revealed an increase in the average age of deaths from schistosomiasis (annual percentage change (APC) = 0.84), and stable trend in Brazil (APC = 0.31). Concerning schistosomiasis-related deaths, we observed disorders related to the digestive system, liver diseases, septicemias, and chronic diseases. Surprisingly, there were deaths caused by non-endemic Schistosoma species in Brazil. Also, municipalities from non-endemic areas in Brazil presented schistosomiasis-related deaths. Conclusion Altogether, our analyses demonstrated that schistosomiasis remains a significant cause of death in Brazil, and it is increasing in some areas, especially in the Northeast region. Additionally, women and the elderly showed a stable time trend of deaths. Thereby, it urgently requires improvements in the control programs strategies, in the sense of an effective reduction in cases and deaths from the disease in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wandklebson Silva da Paz
- Parasitic Biology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Erica Dos Santos Reis
- Parasitic Biology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Iane Brito Leal
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Yanna Menezes Barbosa
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Karina Conceição Gm de Araújo
- Parasitic Biology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Amélia Ribeiro de Jesus
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | | | - Allan Dantas Dos Santos
- Department of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil.,Nursing Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Márcio Bezerra-Santos
- Parasitic Biology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
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Persistence of Schistosomiasis-Related Morbidity in Northeast Brazil: An Integrated Spatio-Temporal Analysis. Trop Med Infect Dis 2021; 6:tropicalmed6040193. [PMID: 34842851 PMCID: PMC8628971 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed6040193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the temporal trend and spatial patterns of schistosomiasis-related morbidity in Northeast Brazil, 2001–2017. Methods: Ecological study, of time series and spatial analysis, based on case notifications and hospital admission data, as provided by the Ministry of Health. Results: Of a total of 15,574,392 parasitological stool examinations, 941,961 (6.0%) were positive, mainly on the coastline of Pernambuco, Alagoas and Sergipe states. There was a reduction from 7.4% (2002) to 3.9% (2017) of positive samples and in the temporal trend of the detection rate (APC—11.6*; Confidence Interval 95%—13.9 to −9.1). There was a total of 5879 hospital admissions, with 40.4% in Pernambuco state. The hospitalization rate reduced from 0.82 (2001) to 0.02 (2017) per 100,000 inhabitants. Conclusion: Despite the reduction in case detection and hospitalizations, the persistence of focal areas of the disease in coastal areas is recognized. This reduction may indicate a possible positive impact of control on epidemiological patterns, but also operational issues related to access to healthcare and the development of surveillance and control actions in the Unified Health System.
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Souza MDR, de Jesus DMS, Santos AHC, Lima SVMA, Dos Santos A, Tavares DDS, de Araújo KCGM, Bezerra-Santos M. Risk clusters of Schistosoma mansoni infection in an endemic state of Brazil: space-time modelling and association with socio-economic and environmental factors. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2021; 116:108-116. [PMID: 34134133 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trab090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We analysed the spatial distribution and the socio-economic and environmental factors (SEFs) associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection in the state of Alagoas, an important tourist area in northeastern Brazil. METHODS We conducted an ecological time-series study (2007-2016) on schistosomiasis cases and SEFs. We evaluated the temporal trends of schistosomiasis cases (annual percentage change [APC]) and their correlation with SEFs. Spatial analysis maps were built using QGIS and TerraView software. RESULTS We observed that 4.9% of the municipalities had a high prevalence of S. mansoni infection and were located mainly in the coastal strip of Alagoas state. The positivity rate for schistosomiasis decreased during the period (8.1% in 2007 to 4.9% in 2016; APC=-5.71). There was a reduction in the number of tests performed (APC=-5.05). There was a negative correlation between S. mansoni infection and the municipal human development index (ρ=-0.34) and schooling rate (ρ=-0.24). The main species of snail was Biomphalaria glabrata (94.79%), but Biomphalaria straminea showed a higher percentage of S. mansoni detection (10.11%). Lastly, Biomphalaria tenagophila specimens were identified for the first time in Alagoas (n=28). CONCLUSIONS Despite a reduction in the number of cases, intestinal schistosomiasis still represents a serious public health concern in Alagoas. It urgently requires planning and improvements in diagnosis, prevention programs and the state's socio-economic indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana do Rosário Souza
- Parasitic Biology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | | | - Shirley V M Almeida Lima
- Department of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil.,Post Graduate Program of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Allan Dos Santos
- Department of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil.,Post Graduate Program of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Karina Conceição G M de Araújo
- Parasitic Biology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Márcio Bezerra-Santos
- Parasitic Biology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
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9
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Silva da Paz W, Duthie MS, Ribeiro de Jesus A, Machado de Araújo KCG, Dantas Dos Santos A, Bezerra-Santos M. Population-based, spatiotemporal modeling of social risk factors and mortality from schistosomiasis in Brazil between 1999 and 2018. Acta Trop 2021; 218:105897. [PMID: 33753030 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.105897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis remains a significant public health concern in Brazil. To identify areas at, and social determinants of health (SDH) associated with, high-risk for schistosomiasis-related mortality from Brazil, we conducted a spatial and spatiotemporal modeling assessing all deaths confirmed in Brazil between 1999 and 2018. We used the segmented log-linear regression model to assess temporal trends, and the local empirical Bayesian estimator, the Global and Local Moran Index for spatial analysis. A total of 12,251 schistosomiasis-related deaths were reported in this period. Within the Mortality Information System (SIM) of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, the states of Alagoas (AL), Pernambuco (PE) and Sergipe (SE) recording the highest mortality rates: 2.21, 1.92 and 0.80 deaths/100,000 inhabitants, respectively. Analyses revealed an increase in the mean age of schistosomiasis-related deaths over the time assessed (APC = 0.9; p-value<0.05). Spatial analysis identified a concentration of municipalities presenting high risk of schistosomiasis-related mortality along the coastline of PE and AL. Similarly, we identified the formation of high space-time clusters in municipalities in the states of PE, AL, SE, Bahia, and Minas Gerais. Finally, mortality rates showed a significant correlation with 96.96% of SDH indices. The data reveal additional important changes in schistosomiasis-related deaths in Brazil between 1999 and 2018, such as a slow reduction among males (unlike females that displayed no change). Regardless, our analyses indicates that schistosomiasis continues to have the greatest detrimental impact in poor regions of Brazil and suggest the need for enhancement of current control measures to accelerate progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wandklebson Silva da Paz
- Graduate Program in Parasitic Biology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
| | | | - Amélia Ribeiro de Jesus
- Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil; Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil; Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Karina Conceição G Machado de Araújo
- Graduate Program in Parasitic Biology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil; Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil; Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Allan Dantas Dos Santos
- Department of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil; Graduate Program of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Márcio Bezerra-Santos
- Graduate Program in Parasitic Biology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil; Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil; Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil; Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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10
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Evaluation of schistosomula crude antigen (SCA) as a diagnostic tool for Schistosoma mansoni in low endemic human population. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10530. [PMID: 34006964 PMCID: PMC8131376 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89929-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the potential of schistosomula crude antigen (SCA) as a diagnostic target for anti-S. mansoni antibody detection. Cercariae were transformed into schistosomula, homogenized through sonication, and then centrifuged to obtain the SCA. SCA was evaluated using ELISA and dot blots immunoassays on 30 S. mansoni infected sera samples obtained from chronic patients and 30 non-infected humans’ sera samples. Either Kato-Katz or saline gradient method or both were employed as the diagnostic reference. Dot blots immunoassay was further performed on protein eluted from 10 to 12 kDa immunoreactive band identified by Western blot analysis. The area under the ROC curve was 0.95 (AUC 0.95, CI 0.88–1.01, p < 0.0001). The sensitivity and specificity of SCA-ELISA and dot blots assays were 96.67% and 86.67% respectively. The human IgG-specific response against SCA was significantly higher in S. mansoni infected individuals (OD = 0.678 ± 0.249) compared to the non-infected population (OD = 0.235 ± 0.136) (p < 0.0001). Our study showed that SCA and its 10–12 kDa component could be useful as diagnostic tools for chronic schistosomiasis.
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11
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Paz WSD, Gomes DS, Ramos RES, Cirilo TM, Santos IGA, Ribeiro CJN, Araújo KCGMD, Jesus AMRD, Santos ADD, Bezerra-Santos M. Spatiotemporal clusters of schistosomiasis mortality and association with social determinants of health in the Northeast region of Brazil (1980-2017). Acta Trop 2020; 212:105668. [PMID: 32805215 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Northeast region of Brazil includes the states with the highest prevalence for schistosomiasis mansoni (SM). This study aimed to evaluate the spatiotemporal patterns of SM mortality and to analyze this association with social determinants in health. We conducted an ecological time series study (1980-2017), using spatial analysis tools. Time trend analysis was performed by joinpoint regression. Maps representing mortality rates for SM were constructed and Moran Index was calculated to analyze spatial autocorrelation. A total of 13,720 deaths from SM were reported in this period. The states of Pernambuco (PE) (50.62%) and Alagoas (AL) (22.09%) had the highest mortality percentages. The mortality rate decreased from 1.28 to 0.63 along the time. Although most states showed a stable trend, Sergipe (SE) and Bahia (BA) showed increasing trends in the latest years. Additionally, the spatial analysis showed the concentration of municipalities that presented high risk in the coastal region of the states of PE, AL, SE, and BA. Lastly, mortality rates were correlated with social and educational indicators and hospitalizations for diarrhea. Altogether, these results demonstrate that some states showed stable or increasing trends of SM mortality in the last period of the studied time interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wandklebson Silva da Paz
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (PROBP/UFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil.
| | - Dharliton Soares Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (PROBP/UFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
| | - Rosália Elen S Ramos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (PROBP/UFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
| | - Tatyane Martins Cirilo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (PROBP/UFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
| | - Israel Gomes A Santos
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Alagoas, Santana do Ipanema, Alagoas, Brasil
| | - Caíque Jordan N Ribeiro
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Sergipe (IFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
| | - Karina Conceição Gomes M de Araújo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (PROBP/UFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil; Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
| | - Amélia Maria Ribeiro de Jesus
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brasil; Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brasil
| | - Allan Dantas Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (PPGEN/UFS), São Cristóvão, Brasil
| | - Márcio Bezerra-Santos
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (PROBP/UFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil; Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
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12
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Santos MB, Santos ADD, Barreto AS, Souza MDR, Goes MADO, Barreto Alves JA, Barreto IDC, Silva JRS, Oliveira DTD, Araújo KCGMD, Duthie MS, Jesus ARD. Clinical and epidemiological indicators and spatial analysis of leprosy cases in patients under 15 years old in an endemic area of Northeast Brazil: an ecological and time series study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e023420. [PMID: 31352408 PMCID: PMC6661616 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyse the clinical and epidemiological indicators, temporal trends and the spatial distribution of leprosy in patients under 15 years old in an endemic area of Northeast Brazil. DESIGN Regional surveillance study of all reported cases. SETTING State of Sergipe, endemic area of Northeast Brazil. METHODS An ecological and time series study was conducted, based on secondary data reported by the Brazilian Information System on Notifiable Diseases for leprosy cases diagnosed in Sergipe state (2002-2015). The analysis of temporal trends was performed using the Joinpoint Regression Programme through Poisson regression. We performed spatial analysis by Kernel estimator and Moran index. RESULTS The incidence rate was reduced from 6.29 to 3.78 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in 2002 and 2015, respectively. However, Sergipe was still classified as highly endemicity in 2015. The mean number of household contacts (HHC) examined was significantly lower than those registered. Clinical data indicated that 21.4% of the patients developed leprosy reactions, and 31.3% presented with some physical disability in the multibacillary groups. Patients diagnosed by examination within the HHC presented better indicators, such as lower percentage of leprosy reaction and physical disability. Spatial analysis showed the most risk areas distributed on the northeast and cities around the capital, Aracaju. CONCLUSION The data indicate that there is a persistence of active Myobacterium leprae transmission and a delay in disease detection, following a pattern of high endemicity in many municipalities. The early detection by HHC examination is important to stop transmission and also to detect the cases in a less severe state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Bezerra Santos
- Department of Health Education, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, SE, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, SE, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Silva Barreto
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, SE, Brazil
| | - Mariana do Rosário Souza
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, SE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ikaro Daniel Carvalho Barreto
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biometria e Estatistica Aplicada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - José-Rodrigo S Silva
- Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, SE, Brazil
| | - Daniela Teles de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, SE, Brazil
| | | | - Malcolm S Duthie
- Infectious Diseases Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Amélia Ribeiro de Jesus
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, SE, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, SE, Brazil
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