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Nguyen TYT, Cacciottola L, Camboni A, Ravau J, De Vos M, Demeestere I, Donnez J, Dolmans MM. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation in patients with central nervous system tumours. Hum Reprod 2021; 36:1296-1309. [PMID: 33394011 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is there a possibility of reseeding cancer cells potentially present in frozen ovarian tissue from patients with central nervous system (CNS) tumours? SUMMARY ANSWER Malignancy reseeding in cryopreserved ovarian tissue from 20 patients with CNS tumours was not detected by histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), molecular biology or xenotransplantation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Ovarian metastasis potential has been documented in patients with leukaemia, borderline ovarian tumours, advanced breast cancer and Ewing sarcoma. However, data on the safety of transplanting frozen-thawed ovarian tissue from cancer patients with CNS tumours are still lacking. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This prospective experimental study was conducted in an academic gynaecology research laboratory using cryopreserved ovarian cortex from 20 patients suffering from CNS tumours. Long-term (5 months) xenografting was performed in immunodeficient mice. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Subjects enrolled in the study were suffering from one of six types of CNS tumours including medulloblastoma, ependymoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumours, astrocytoma, glioblastoma and germinoma. The presence of malignant cells was investigated with disease-specific markers for each patient in cryopreserved and xenografted ovarian tissue by histology, IHC via expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and reverse transcription droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (RT-ddPCR) for quantification of GFAP and ENO2 gene amplification. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Serial sections of cryopreserved and xenografted ovarian tissue from 20 patients showed no malignant cells by histology. All samples were negative for NSE and GFAP, although these neural markers were expressed extensively in the patients' primary tumours. Analysis by RT-ddPCR revealed no cancer cells detected in cryopreserved and xenografted ovarian fragments from subjects with astrocytoma, ependymoma, glioblastoma or medulloblastoma. Taken together, the study found no evidence of malignancy seeding in frozen-thawed and xenotransplanted ovarian tissue from patients affected by CNS cancers. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This analysis cannot guarantee complete elimination of disseminated disease from all cryopreserved ovarian cortex, since we are unable to examine the fragments used for transplantation. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This is the first study to be conducted in patients with CNS cancers undergoing ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation, and clearly demonstrates no tumour seeding in their frozen-thawed and xenografted tissue. This information is vital for doctors to provide patients with meaningful and accurate advice on the possibilities and risks of ovarian tissue reimplantation. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by grants from the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique de Belgique-the Excellence of Science (FNRS-EOS), number 30443682 awarded to M.-M.D. and T.Y.T.N., FNRS grant number 5/4/150/5 and FNRS-PDR Convention grant number T.0077.14 awarded to M.-M.D., grant 2018-042 from the Foundation Against Cancer awarded to A.C., and private donations (Ferrero, de Spoelberch). The authors declare no competing financial interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu Yen Thi Nguyen
- Pôle de Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luciana Cacciottola
- Pôle de Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alessandra Camboni
- Pôle de Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joachim Ravau
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel De Vos
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium.,Follicle Biology Laboratory (FOBI), UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Demeestere
- Research Laboratory in Human Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques Donnez
- Société de Recherche pour l'Infertilité (SRI), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Madeleine Dolmans
- Pôle de Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Gynecology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Low SYY, Bte Syed Sulaiman N, Tan EEK, Ng LP, Kuick CH, Chang KTE, Tang PH, Wong RX, Looi WS, Low DCY, Seow WT. Cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in metastatic group 3 and 4 medulloblastoma. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:554. [PMID: 32539808 PMCID: PMC7296667 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metastatic medulloblastoma (MB) portends a poor prognosis. Amongst the 4 molecular subtypes, Group 3 and Group 4 patients have a higher incidence of metastatic disease, especially involving the neuroaxis. At present, mechanisms underlying MB metastasis remain elusive. Separately, inflammation has been implicated as a key player in tumour development and metastasis. Cytokines and their inflammation-related partners have been demonstrated to act on autocrine and, or paracrine pathways within the tumour microenvironment for various cancers. In this study, the authors explore the involvement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokines in Group 3 and 4 MB patients with disseminated disease. Methods This is an ethics approved, retrospective study of prospectively collected data based at a single institution. Patient clinicpathological data and corresponding bio-materials are collected after informed consent. All CSF samples are interrogated using a proteomic array. Resultant expression data of selected cytokines are correlated with each individual’s clinical information. Statistical analysis is employed to determine the significance of the expression of CSF cytokines in Group 3 and 4 patients with metastatic MB versus non-metastatic MB. Results A total of 10 patients are recruited for this study. Median age of the cohort is 6.6 years old. Based on Nanostring gene expression analysis, 5 patients have Group 3 as their molecular subtype and the remaining 5 are Group 4. There are 2 non-metastatic versus 3 metastatic patients within each molecular subtype. Proteomic CSF analysis of all patients for both subtypes show higher expression of CCL2 in the metastatic group versus the non-metastatic group. Within the Group 3 subtype, the MYC-amplified Group 3 MB patients with existing and delayed metastases express higher levels of CXCL1, IL6 and IL8 in their CSF specimens at initial presentation. Furthermore, a longitudinal study of metastatic Group 3 MB observes that selected cytokines are differentially expressed in MYC-amplified metastatic Group 3 MB, in comparison to the non-MYC amplified metastatic Group 3 MB patient. Conclusion This study demonstrates higher expression of selected CSF cytokines, in particular CCL2, in metastatic Group 3 and 4 MB patients. Although our results are preliminary, they establish a proof-of-concept basis for continued work in a larger cohort of patients affected by this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Y Y Low
- Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore. .,Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore. .,SingHealth Duke-NUS Neuroscience Academic Clinical Program, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore. .,VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumours Laboratory, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.
| | - Nurfahanah Bte Syed Sulaiman
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.,VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumours Laboratory, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Enrica E K Tan
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Lee Ping Ng
- Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Chik Hong Kuick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Kenneth T E Chang
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumours Laboratory, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Phua Hwee Tang
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Ru Xin Wong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Wen Shen Looi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - David C Y Low
- Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.,Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.,SingHealth Duke-NUS Neuroscience Academic Clinical Program, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Wan Tew Seow
- Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.,Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.,SingHealth Duke-NUS Neuroscience Academic Clinical Program, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
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Li SC, Tachiki LML, Kabeer MH, Dethlefs BA, Anthony MJ, Loudon WG. Cancer genomic research at the crossroads: realizing the changing genetic landscape as intratumoral spatial and temporal heterogeneity becomes a confounding factor. Cancer Cell Int 2014; 14:115. [PMID: 25411563 PMCID: PMC4236490 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-014-0115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The US National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) created the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Project in 2006. The TCGA’s goal was to sequence the genomes of 10,000 tumors to identify common genetic changes among different types of tumors for developing genetic-based treatments. TCGA offered great potential for cancer patients, but in reality has little impact on clinical applications. Recent reports place the past TCGA approach of testing a small tumor mass at a single time-point at a crossroads. This crossroads presents us with the conundrum of whether we should sequence more tumors or obtain multiple biopsies from each individual tumor at different time points. Sequencing more tumors with the past TCGA approach of single time-point sampling can neither capture the heterogeneity between different parts of the same tumor nor catch the heterogeneity that occurs as a function of time, error rates, and random drift. Obtaining multiple biopsies from each individual tumor presents multiple logistical and financial challenges. Here, we review current literature and rethink the utility and application of the TCGA approach. We discuss that the TCGA-led catalogue may provide insights into studying the functional significance of oncogenic genes in reference to non-cancer genetic background. Different methods to enhance identifying cancer targets, such as single cell technology, real time imaging of cancer cells with a biological global positioning system, and cross-referencing big data sets, are offered as ways to address sampling discrepancies in the face of tumor heterogeneity. We predict that TCGA landmarks may prove far more useful for cancer prevention than for cancer diagnosis and treatment when considering the effect of non-cancer genes and the normal genetic background on tumor microenvironment. Cancer prevention can be better realized once we understand how therapy affects the genetic makeup of cancer over time in a clinical setting. This may help create novel therapies for gene mutations that arise during a tumor’s evolution from the selection pressure of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Calvin Li
- CHOC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 1201 West La Veta Ave, Orange, CA 92868 USA ; Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697-4292 USA ; Department of Biological Science, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA
| | - Lisa May Ling Tachiki
- CHOC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 1201 West La Veta Ave, Orange, CA 92868 USA ; University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Mustafa H Kabeer
- CHOC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 1201 West La Veta Ave, Orange, CA 92868 USA ; Department of Pediatric Surgery, CHOC Children's Hospital, 1201 West La Veta Ave, Orange, CA 92868 USA ; Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 333 City Blvd. West, Suite 700, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Brent A Dethlefs
- CHOC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 1201 West La Veta Ave, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | | | - William G Loudon
- CHOC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 1201 West La Veta Ave, Orange, CA 92868 USA ; Department of Neurological Surgery, Saint Joseph Hospital, Orange, CA 92868 USA ; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA 92862 USA ; Department of Biological Science, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA
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Mastronuzzi A, Miele E, Po A, Antonelli M, Buttarelli FR, Colafati GS, del Bufalo F, Faedda R, Spinelli GP, Carai A, Giangaspero F, Gulino A, Locatelli F, Ferretti E. Large cell anaplastic medulloblastoma metastatic to the scalp: tumor and derived stem-like cells features. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:262. [PMID: 24739212 PMCID: PMC4013534 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Extraneural metastases (ENM) rarely occur in medulloblastoma (MBL) patients and only few cases of subcutaneous localizations have been described. ENM indicate an aggressive disease associated with a worse prognosis. The characterization of metastatic tumours might be useful to understand their pathogenesis and to identify the most appropriate therapeutic strategies. Case presentation We present the case of a child with Large Cell Anaplastic (LC/A) MBL, who developed multiple subcutaneous metastases in the scalp area after a ventriculo-peritoneal shunting procedure. The disease rapidly progressed and the child died despite chemotherapy and primary tumour surgical debulking. We molecularly classified the tumour as a group 3 MBL; in addition, we derived stem-like cells (SLC) from a metastatic lesion. Primary tumour, metastases and SLC were further analysed, particularly focusing on features linked to the cutaneous dissemination. Indeed, molecules involved in angiogenesis, cell invasion and epidermal growth factor signalling resulted highly expressed. Conclusions The present report describes a very rare case of subcutaneous metastatic MBL. The tumour, metastases and SLC have been clinically, pathologically and molecularly characterized. Our case is an example of multidisciplinary approach aiming to characterize MBL aggressive behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Mehrvar A, Faranoush M, Hedayati Asl AA, Tashvighi M, Fazeli MA, Qaddoumi I, Mehrvar N, Sobuti B, Jafarpour A, Ravan Parsa R, Zangooei R, Alebouyeh M, Vossough P. Childhood central nervous system tumors at MAHAK's Pediatric Cancer Treatment and Research Center (MPCTRC), Tehran, Iran. Childs Nerv Syst 2014; 30:491-6. [PMID: 23943227 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-013-2256-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE As central nervous system (CNS) tumors account for second most common childhood malignancies and the first cause of mortality in children with cancer, improving treatment modalities can lead to increase the health care of patients. In this study, we examined the prevalence of childhood brain tumors in patients who referred to MAHAK's Pediatric Cancer Treatment and Research Center (MPCTRC) for treatment. METHODS A retrospective review of all children less than 15 years old with a CNS histologically proven tumor, who presented to MPCTRC from April 2007 to April 2010, was performed. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 19 with Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Chi-square tests. RESULTS There were 198 (124 boys) children eligible for the study. The majority of the tumors were infratentorial (n = 134), and the rest were supratentorial (n = 60) and spinal (n = 4) cases. The median age was 6.11 ± 3.65 years old. Medulloblastoma (n = 66), low-grade glioma (n = 52), and high-grade glioma (n = 40) were the most common tumors. The mean duration of follow-up was 21 months. At the time of this analysis, there were 105 (53 %) children alive, 82 (41.4 %) deaths, and 11 (5.6 %) lost for follow-up. The survival rate was 51.68 ± 5.22 %. CONCLUSIONS In contrast of high rate of death in this study, other general characteristics can serve as benchmark for improving our care for children with brain tumors in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azim Mehrvar
- MAHAK's Pediatric Cancer Treatment and Research Center, MAHAK Blv, Oshan Blv, Aghdasieh Ave, Tehran, 1956943512, Iran
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Characterization of ectonucleotidases in human medulloblastoma cell lines: ecto-5'NT/CD73 in metastasis as potential prognostic factor. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47468. [PMID: 23094051 PMCID: PMC3475694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor in children and occurs mainly in the cerebellum. Important intracellular signaling molecules, such those present in the Sonic Hedgehog and Wnt pathways, are involved in its development and can also be employed to determine tumor grade and prognosis. Ectonucleotidases, particularly ecto-5'NT/CD73, are important enzymes in the malignant process of different tumor types regulating extracellular ATP and adenosine levels. Here, we investigated the activity of ectonucleotidases in three malignant human cell lines: Daoy and ONS76, being representative of primary MB, and the D283 cell line, derived from a metastatic MB. All cell lines secreted ATP into the extracellular medium while hydrolyze poorly this nucleotide, which is in agreement with the low expression and activity of pyrophosphate/phosphodiesterase, NTPDases and alkaline phosphatase. The analysis of AMP hydrolysis showed that Daoy and ONS76 completely hydrolyzed AMP, with parallel adenosine production (Daoy) and inosine accumulation (ONS76). On the other hand, D283 cell line did not hydrolyze AMP. Moreover, primary MB tumor cells, Daoy and ONS76 express the ecto-5'NT/CD73 while D283 representative of a metastatic tumor, revealed poor expression of this enzyme, while the ecto-adenosine deaminase showed higher expression in D283 compared to Daoy and ONS76 cells. Nuclear beta-catenin has been suggested as a marker for MB prognosis. Further it can promotes expression of ecto-5'NT/CD73 and suppression of adenosine deaminase. It was observed that Daoy and ONS76 showed greater nuclear beta-catenin immunoreactivity than D283, which presented mainly cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. In summary, the absence of ecto-5'NT/CD73 in the D283 cell line, a metastatic MB phenotype, suggests that high expression levels of this ectonucleotidase could be correlated with a poor prognosis in patients with MB.
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Heath JA, Zacharoulis S, Kieran MW. Pediatric neuro-oncology: current status and future directions. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2012; 8:223-31. [PMID: 22897924 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-7563.2012.01558.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are the most common solid malignancies in childhood and are the leading cause of cancer-related death in this age group. While an ongoing improvement in overall prognosis has been achieved in the last few decades, current therapeutic approaches still confer significant morbidities, especially for the very young. The traditional strategies of surgery, radiotherapy and conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy need to be further refined while newer approaches, including molecularly targeted agents, hold the promise of better responses, improved outcomes and reduced toxicities. This article discusses treatment standards, the focus of current clinical investigations and the future promise of novel, biologically based approaches for the most common pediatric CNS tumors: primitive neuroectodermal tumors including medulloblastomas, ependymomas and astrocytomas (both low-grade and high-grade glioma).
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Heath
- Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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