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Arejano GG, Hoffmann LV, Ferreira Wyse L, Espíndola Correia P, Pieniz S, Torma Botelho F, Schneider A, Schadock I, Castilho Barros C. Genetic polymorphisms in the angiotensin converting enzyme, actinin 3 and paraoxonase 1 genes in women with diabetes and hypertension. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2023; 68:e210204. [PMID: 37948561 PMCID: PMC10916801 DOI: 10.20945/2359-4292-2021-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective To study associations between polymorphisms in the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE I/D), actinin 3 (ACTN3 R577X) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1 T(-107)C) genes and chronic diseases (diabetes and hypertension) in women. Materials and methods Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples of 78 women between 18 and 59 years old used for genetic polymorphism screening. Biochemical data were collected from the medical records in Basic Health Units from Southern Brazil. Questionnaires about food consumption, physical activity level and socioeconomic status were applied. Results The XX genotype of ACTN3 was associated with low HDL levels and high triglycerides, total cholesterol and glucose levels. Additionally, high triglycerides and LDL levels were observed in carriers of the TT genotype of PON1, and lower total cholesterol levels were associated to the CC genotype. As expected, women with diabetes/hypertense had increased body weight, BMI (p = 0.02), waist circumference (p = 0.01), body fat percentage, blood pressure (p = 0.02), cholesterol, triglycerides (p = 0.02), and blood glucose (p = 0.01), when compared to the control group. Conclusion Both ACTN3 R577X and PON1 T(-107)C polymorphisms are associated with nutritional status and blood glucose and lipid levels in women with diabetes/hypertense. These results contribute to genetic knowledge about predisposition to obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Simone Pieniz
- Laboratório de Nutrigenômica, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Augusto Schneider
- Laboratório de Nutrigenômica, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Ines Schadock
- Universidade Federal de Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Yuan J, Tong J, Xu J, Li Q, Li P, Jiang S, Wang Z, Chai F, Li X. Effect of ACE, ACE2 and CYP11B2 gene polymorphisms and noise on essential hypertension among steelworkers in China: a case-control study. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:22. [PMID: 35130889 PMCID: PMC8822663 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies on the relationship between ACE I/D, ACE2 G8790A and CYP11B2-344T/C gene polymorphisms and essential hypertension (EH) were inconsistent. Moreover, few studies have reported the combined effect of these gene polymorphisms and noise exposure on EH. The purpose of this study was to explore the combined and separate effects of ACE I/D, ACE2 G8790A and CYP11B2-344T/C gene polymorphisms and noise on EH among steelworkers.
Methods A case–control study was conducted on 725 male workers between March 2014 and July 2014 in the Tangsteel Company, China. The noise exposure of the workers were measured. Logistic regression and crossover analysis were used to analyse the effects of the interactions on the EH among steelworkers. GMDR was used to determine the best combination model of gene–noise interactions. Results Multivariate logistic regression showed that noise exposure increased the odds of EH, and the OR is 1.52 (95% CI 1.04–2.22). The risk of having EH for ACE I/D DD genotype carriers was 1.99 times that for II genotype carriers (95% CI 1.14–3.51). There was a negative additive interaction between ACE2 G8790A and CYP11B2-344T/C on EH (U3 = − 2.221, P = 0.026, and S = 0.128) and a positive multiplicative interaction between ACE I/D and CYP11B2-344T/C on essential hypertension (P = 0.041). In addition, there was no significant gene–noise interaction model through the GMDR method after adjusting the confounders. Conclusions The ACE DD genotype may make men susceptible to EH. Simultaneously carrying the DD genotype of ACE I/D and the TC genotype of CYP11B2-344T/C increased the risk of EH. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12920-022-01177-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Zhang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Avenue, Caofeidian Area, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zheng
- Department of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Juxiang Yuan
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Avenue, Caofeidian Area, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwang Tong
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Avenue, Caofeidian Area, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingya Xu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Avenue, Caofeidian Area, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglin Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Avenue, Caofeidian Area, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peishuai Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Avenue, Caofeidian Area, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoufang Jiang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Avenue, Caofeidian Area, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- Tangshan Hongci Hospital, Tangshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Chai
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Avenue, Caofeidian Area, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangwen Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Avenue, Caofeidian Area, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
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Fajar JK, Susanti M, Pikir BS, Saka PNB, Sidarta EP, Tamara F, Akbar RR, Hutama SA, Gunawan A, Heriansyah T. The association between angiotensin II type 1 receptor A1166C gene polymorphism and the risk of essential hypertension: a meta-analysis. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-019-0016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundSince first reported having the association with essential hypertension, angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) A1166C was globally investigated worldwide. However, controversy was found. Furthermore, previous meta-analyses did not adequate to clarify the precise correlation due to some limitations. Therefore, we aimed to perform a meta-analysis concerning the association between AT1R A1166C single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the risk of essential hypertension with eliminating the limitations of previous studies.MethodsA meta-analysis was conducted from February to March 2019. Some information related to sample size of hypertension and control groups and genotype frequencies of hypertension and control groups were extracted from each study. Data were analyzed using fixed or random effect model to determine the overall correlation.ResultsA total of 45 papers consisting of 11911 cases and 1340 controls were enrolled for the study. Our overall analysis showed that C allele and AC genotype of AT1R A1166C was associated with 1.18-fold and 1.15-fold respectively increased risk of essential hypertension, while the decreased risk of essential hypertension was observed in A allele and AA genotype. In sub-group analysis, increased risk of essential hypertension was found in C allele, AC genotype, and CC genotype of both Asian population and PCR-RFLP sub-groups, while decreased risk was observed in A allele and AA genotype.ConclusionsOur meta-analysis reveals that AT1R A1166C remains a valuable SNP having an association with the risk of essential hypertension.
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Fajar JK, Pikir BS, Sidarta EP, Saka PNB, Akbar RR, Tamara F, Mayasari ED, Gunawan A, Heriansyah T. The genes polymorphism of angiotensinogen (AGT) M235T and AGT T174M in patients with essential hypertension: A meta-analysis. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abouelfath R, Habbal R, Laaraj A, Khay K, Harraka M, Nadifi S. ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism is positively associated with resistant hypertension in Morocco. Gene 2018; 658:178-183. [PMID: 29548858 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of I/D polymorphisms of ACE gene is associated with resistant hypertension and essential controlled hypertension. RESULTS Our results show that the homozygous mutant genotype DD was more represented among resistant than controlled (58.1% vs 41.9% respectively), however the homozygote wild was more represented among controlled than resistant (70.6% vs 29.4% respectively). But more heterozygous ID among controlled than resistant patients (63.6% vs 36.4% respectively). The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.04). Analysis of clinical parameters indicated that physical activity contributes to resistant hypertension (P < 0.05). Based on our findings, the homozygous mutant for DD of ACE gene is associated with resistant hypertension in our population. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm the results of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Abouelfath
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Medical School of Casablanca, University Hassan II, 19 Rue Tarik Ibnou Ziad, BP. 9154 Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - R Habbal
- Department of Cardiology, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - A Laaraj
- Department of Cardiology, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - K Khay
- Department of Cardiology, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - M Harraka
- Department of Cardiology, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - S Nadifi
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Medical School of Casablanca, University Hassan II, 19 Rue Tarik Ibnou Ziad, BP. 9154 Casablanca, Morocco
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Freire IV, Casotti CA, Ribeiro ÍJS, Silva JRD, Barbosa AAL, Pereira R. Daily sodium intake influences the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and hypertension in older adults. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2018; 20:541-550. [PMID: 29521003 PMCID: PMC8031090 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphism has been widely reported as being associated with hypertension; however, most studies do not consider environmental/behavioral factors. This study aimed to investigate the relationship among angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism, environmental/behavioral factors, and hypertension in community-dwelling elderly individuals. All community-dwelling older adults from Aiquara, Bahia, Brazil, were invited to take part in this study. After exclusions, 234 elderly participants were submitted to a data collection, which included sociodemographics, lifestyle and health status questionnaires, clinical assessment, and blood withdrawal. From the blood samples, the gene polymorphism was identified through polymerase chain reaction and patients grouped as II or D allele carriers (ID and DD genotypes). Hypertension was defined by self-report of the condition and confirmed by antihypertensive drug treatment. Chi-square test was used to identify differences in the proportions distributed between groups of each dependent variable (ie, genotype, diagnosis of hypertension, and blood pressure state from medicated patients with hypertension). The prevalence of hypertension was 59.3% and was associated with diabetes mellitus and obesity, but not with angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism. However, carriers of the II genotype, a salt-sensitivity genotype, exhibited a significantly greater estimated sodium intake. In addition, among medicated elderly patients with hypertension, II genotype carriers exhibited poor blood pressure control, despite similar antihypertensive drug treatment in D allele carriers, while exhibiting a greater estimated sodium intake. Our results provide new evidence regarding the interaction of genetic and environmental/behavioral factors in the genesis of hypertension among elderly patients, as well as in blood pressure control in medicated elderly patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivna V. Freire
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing & HealthState University of Southwest Bahia (UESB)JequieBABrazil
- Department of Biological SciencesIntegrative Physiology Research CenterState University of Southwest Bahia (UESB)JequieBABrazil
- Human Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Biological SciencesState University of Southwest Bahia (UESB)JequieBABrazil
| | - Cezar A. Casotti
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing & HealthState University of Southwest Bahia (UESB)JequieBABrazil
| | - Ícaro J. S. Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing & HealthState University of Southwest Bahia (UESB)JequieBABrazil
- Department of Biological SciencesIntegrative Physiology Research CenterState University of Southwest Bahia (UESB)JequieBABrazil
| | - Jonas R. D. Silva
- Department of Biological SciencesIntegrative Physiology Research CenterState University of Southwest Bahia (UESB)JequieBABrazil
| | - Ana A. L. Barbosa
- Human Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Biological SciencesState University of Southwest Bahia (UESB)JequieBABrazil
| | - Rafael Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing & HealthState University of Southwest Bahia (UESB)JequieBABrazil
- Department of Biological SciencesIntegrative Physiology Research CenterState University of Southwest Bahia (UESB)JequieBABrazil
- Human Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Biological SciencesState University of Southwest Bahia (UESB)JequieBABrazil
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Yang Y, Tian T, Lu J, He H, Xing K, Tian G. A1166C polymorphism of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene contributes to hypertension susceptibility: evidence from a meta-analysis. Acta Cardiol 2017; 72:205-215. [PMID: 28597796 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2017.1291211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background The angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene is a prime candidate for polymorphisms that could contribute to hypertension. A polymorphism in the 3' untranslated region, leading to the transversion of adenine to cytosine at position 1166, has been the most-studied variant. However, the results have been inconsistent, and we therefore performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the association of this polymorphism with hypertension. Methods We conducted an extended a computer-based literature search of PubMed and Web of Knowledge up to November 30, 2015. The extracted data were analysed statistically, and pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to assess the strengths of associations using Review Manager software (version 5.2). Results After removing 5 studies that were not consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we finally collected 41 case-control studies involving 11,837 cases and 11,020 controls to evaluate the association between AT1R polymorphisms and hypertension. We found that the risk of hypertension was higher for allele C than for allele A under the codominant model, significantly higher for genotype CC + AC than for genotype AA under the dominant model, and significantly higher for genotype CC + AC in Caucasians. Conclusion This meta-analysis suggests that the AT1R 1166 CC + AC genotype consistently confers susceptibility to hypertension and that early preventive measures should be applied in clinical settings according to patient genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Yang
- Dept. of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- The third Dept. of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Tao Tian
- Dept. of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hairong He
- Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kun Xing
- The third Dept. of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Gang Tian
- Dept. of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Cosenso-Martin LN, Vaz-de-Melo RO, Pereira LR, Cesarino CB, Yugar-Toledo JC, Cipullo JP, de Souza Pinhel MA, Souza DRS, Vilela-Martin JF. Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism, 24-h blood pressure profile and left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive individuals: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Med Res 2015; 20:74. [PMID: 26336879 PMCID: PMC4559372 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-015-0166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The absence of nocturnal blood pressure dipping (ND) identified by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) correlates with a worse cardiovascular prognosis. The renin–angiotensin system influences blood pressure levels and the occurrence of target organ damage (TOD). Thus, the aim of this study was to correlate the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism with the 24-h blood pressure profile and TOD in hypertensive individuals. Methods 155 non-diabetic hypertensive individuals on antihypertensive treatment underwent ABPM. Peripheral blood samples were drawn for biochemistry and genetic analysis of the ACE I/D polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction. ND was defined as ≥10 % differences in the mean systolic blood pressure (BP) during wakefulness and sleep. Results There were no differences in clinical or biochemical variables or TOD in respect to ND status, except for higher BP levels during sleep (p < 0.001) in non-dippers. There was significant difference in the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) between ACE genotypes (II: 13.0 %; ID: 34.1 %; DD: 46.5 %; p value = 0.024) with an increased risk in carriers of the DD genotype (OR = 5.80; IC 95 % 1.50–22.44; p value = 0.011). Carriers of the D allele had higher systolic BP during wakefulness and by ABPM (p < 0.05), higher left ventricular mass (117.3 ± 50.0 vs. 100.3 ± 25.7; p value = 0.017) and higher prevalence of LVH (37.4 vs. 12.5 %; OR = 4.14; 95 % IC: 1.17–14.65; p value = 0.028), compared to the II genotype. Conclusions The DD genotype is associated with a higher prevalence of LVH. The presence of the D allele appears to be associated with higher mean 24-h and wake systolic BP measured by ABPM in hypertensive patients under antihypertensive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Neves Cosenso-Martin
- Hypertension Clinic, Internal Medicine Department, State Medical School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) and Hospital de Base, Ave Brig. Faria Lima 5416, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15090-000, Brazil.
| | - Renan Oliveira Vaz-de-Melo
- Hypertension Clinic, Internal Medicine Department, State Medical School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) and Hospital de Base, Ave Brig. Faria Lima 5416, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15090-000, Brazil.
| | - Luana Rocco Pereira
- Hypertension Clinic, Internal Medicine Department, State Medical School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) and Hospital de Base, Ave Brig. Faria Lima 5416, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15090-000, Brazil.
| | - Cláudia Bernardi Cesarino
- Hypertension Clinic, Internal Medicine Department, State Medical School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) and Hospital de Base, Ave Brig. Faria Lima 5416, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15090-000, Brazil.
| | - Juan Carlos Yugar-Toledo
- Hypertension Clinic, Internal Medicine Department, State Medical School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) and Hospital de Base, Ave Brig. Faria Lima 5416, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15090-000, Brazil.
| | - José Paulo Cipullo
- Hypertension Clinic, Internal Medicine Department, State Medical School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) and Hospital de Base, Ave Brig. Faria Lima 5416, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15090-000, Brazil.
| | | | | | - José Fernando Vilela-Martin
- Hypertension Clinic, Internal Medicine Department, State Medical School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) and Hospital de Base, Ave Brig. Faria Lima 5416, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15090-000, Brazil.
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Angiotensinogen Variants among Resistant Hypertensive Patients. Int J Hypertens 2014; 2014:424793. [PMID: 24790758 PMCID: PMC3982406 DOI: 10.1155/2014/424793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Sia SK, Chiou HL, Chen SC, Tsai CF, Yang SF, Ueng KC. Distribution and phenotypic expression of mineralocorticoid receptor and CYP11B2 T-344C polymorphisms in a Taiwanese hypertensive population. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:3705-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2446-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Gatti RR, Santos PS, Sena AAS, Marangoni K, Araújo MA, Goulart LR. The interaction of AGT and NOS3 gene polymorphisms with conventional risk factors increases predisposition to hypertension. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2012; 14:360-8. [PMID: 22791701 DOI: 10.1177/1470320312452027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Renin-angiotensin and kallikrein-kinin systems are interconnected, regulating blood pressure homeostasis. We have demonstrated the interactions among polymorphisms of the angiotensinogen (AGT) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) genes and conventional risk factors affecting the hypertension occurrence. Individuals were recruited (n=192) and classified into hypertensive (HG; n=140) and normotensive (NG; n=52) groups. The genotypic distribution of the Met235Thr (AGT) and Glu298Asp (NOS3) polymorphisms demonstrated that both are independent risk factors of hypertension (p=0.02 and p=0.008, respectively). The concomitant presence of these polymorphisms in the HG group was significantly different (p=0.001) from the NG. Both gene polymorphisms presented an additive effect for the unfavourable alleles T and A, respectively, and 95% of the double mutant homozygotes were classified into the HG. Specific interactions among certain conventional factors and the presence of at least one unfavourable allele presented significant odds towards hypertension. Blood pressure homeostasis was affected by genetic polymorphisms conditioned by the T and A alleles of the AGT and NOS3 genes, respectively, which acted independently. However, their interaction with smoking, sedentariness, age and total cholesterol may have increased the predisposition to hypertension, which may explain most of the hypertension cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata R Gatti
- 1Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil
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Yugar-Toledo JC, Martin JFV, Krieger JE, Pereira AC, Demacq C, Coelho OR, Pimenta E, Calhoun DA, Júnior HM. Gene variation in resistant hypertension: multilocus analysis of the angiotensin 1-converting enzyme, angiotensinogen, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase genes. DNA Cell Biol 2011; 30:555-64. [PMID: 21438754 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2010.1156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistant hypertension, a complex multifactorial hypertensive disease, is triggered by genetic and environmental factors and involves multiple physiological pathways. Single genetic variants may not reveal significant associations with resistant hypertension because their effects may be dependent on gene-gene or gene-environment interactions. We examined the interaction of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensinogen (AGT), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) polymorphisms with environmental factors (gender, age, body mass index, glycemia, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and urinary sodium excretion) in 70 resistant, 80 well-controlled hypertensive patients, and 70 normotensive controls. All subjects were genotyped for ACE insertion/deletion (rs1799752); AGT M235T (rs699), and NOS3 Glu298Asp (rs 1799983). Multifactorial associations were tested using two statistical methods: the traditional parametric method (adjusted logistic regression analysis) and gene-gene and gene-environment interactions evaluated by multifactor dimensionality reduction analyses. While adjusted logistic regression found no significant association between the studied polymorphisms and controlled or resistant hypertension, the multifactor dimensionality reduction analyses showed that carriers of the AGT 235T allele were at increased risk for resistant hypertension, especially if they were older than 50 years. The AGT 235T allele constituted an independent risk factor for resistant hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Yugar-Toledo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Procopciuc LM, Sitar-Tăut A, Pop D, Sitar-Tăut DA, Olteanu I, Zdrenghea D. Renin angiotensin system polymorphisms in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Eur J Intern Med 2010; 21:414-8. [PMID: 20816596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2010.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Revised: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 06/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genes associated with hypertension could be genetic risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). AIM To determine the frequency of M235T and T174M-AGT, I/D-ACE and A1166C-AGTR1 in hypertensive patients with MetS and to evaluate the relationship between these polymorphisms and central obesity and dyslipidemia, respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed AGT, AGTR1 and ACE genotyping in 56 hypertensive women (24 with MetS) and 71 normotensive women using PCR-RFLP methods and PCR, respectively. RESULTS Hypertensive patients carrying the mutated TT235, MM174 and DD genotypes had an 1.53 (p=0.56), 1.78 (p=0.52) and 1.28 (p=0.78)-fold increased risk to develop MetS. Hypertensive carriers of both mutated TT235 and MM174 or TT235 and D/D or TT235 and CC+AC genotypes had an 8.15 (p=0.04), 4.83 (p=0.04) and 10.53 (p=0.05)-fold increased risk to develop MetS. Hypertensive patients with MetS and TT, D/D or CC genotypes had higher body mass index compared to hypertensive patients without MetS (p</=0.05 for all the genotypes). Hypertensive patients with MetS and TT235, MM174, D/D or CC1166 genotypes had higher triglyceride levels, lower HDL-cholesterol levels and higher waist circumference compared to hypertensive patients without MetS (p</=0.05, except for the association between CC1166 and HDL-cholesterol level). CONCLUSIONS The effect of the T174M, I/D and A1166C polymorphisms on MetS may depend on the M235T polymorphism. Among hypertensive subjects with MetS, the presence of TT235, MM174, DD and CC1166 genotypes could be a risk factor for central obesity and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Maria Procopciuc
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8/14 Padis Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Fernandes-Rosa FL, Bueno AC, de Souza RM, de Castro M, dos Santos JE, Foss MC, Zennaro MC, Bettiol H, Barbieri MA, Antonini SR. Mineralocorticoid receptor p.I180V polymorphism: association with body mass index and LDL-cholesterol levels. J Endocrinol Invest 2010; 33:472-7. [PMID: 19955850 DOI: 10.1007/bf03346627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Aldosterone and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) play a major role in sodium balance and blood pressure control. They are also involved in adipocyte metabolism. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between the MR p.I180V polymorphism with hypertension and markers of cardiovascular risk. DESIGN AND METHODS Case-control study nested within a cohort of 2063 subjects followed since birth to date. All subjects (age 23-25 yr old) from the entire cohort with systolic and diastolic hypertension (no.=126) were paired with 398 normotensive controls. MR p.I180V genotype association with anthropometric and biochemical markers of cardiometabolic risk was tested. RESULTS There was a significant association of the MR p.I180V genotype with body mass index (BMI) and LDL-cholesterol level (p<0.01). Hypertensive subjects carrying the polymorphic G allele (AG or GG genotypes) presented significantly higher BMI (30.0+/-6.0 vs 28.7+/-5.6 kg/m(2); p<0.01) and higher LDL-cholesterol (139.9+/-60.3 vs 109.9+/-35.5 mg/dl; p<0.01). The frequency of the polymorphism MR p.I180V was similar between hypertensive subjects and controls (p=0.15). CONCLUSIONS The MR p.I180V polymorphism seems to be associated with cardiovascular risk factors including BMI and LDL-cholesterol levels. This original in vivo finding reinforces the role of MR in adipocyte biology and in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Fernandes-Rosa
- Department of Puericulture and Pediatrics, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, USP. Av Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14049-900, Ribeirao Preto SP, Brazil
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T allele of −344C/T polymorphism in aldosterone synthase gene is not associated with resistant hypertension. Hypertens Res 2009; 32:159-62. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2008.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Bibliography. Current world literature. Diabetes and the endocrine pancreas. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2008; 15:193-207. [PMID: 18316957 DOI: 10.1097/med.0b013e3282fba8b4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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