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Borges LCV, Almeida CSD, Rodrigues SB, Henrique Duarte Júnior S, Cavalcante RB, Machado RM. ADOLESCENTS ATTENDING PUBLIC SCHOOLS: DRUG USE, SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2022-0164en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate drug use among adolescents attending public schools and its association with the social determinants of health and spatial distribution. Methods: a cross-sectional study carried out between 2020 and 2021 in which the Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) and sociodemographic questionnaires were applied to 226 students attending 9th year of Fundamental Education in public schools from a city of Minas Gerais. A descriptive analysis was performed by means of Fisher's Exact Test. Results: regarding alcohol consumption, only the “age” variable was significant. As for tobacco, the “age”, “parents' marital status” and “who do you live with?” variables presented a significant association. The other psychoactive substances did not present significant associations. In relation to the spatial distribution, the highest intensity of problems was concentrated in leisure/recreational activities. Conclusion: alcohol and tobacco use is associated with the social determinants referring to the social network and personal factors, such as age.
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Borges LCV, Almeida CSD, Rodrigues SB, Henrique Duarte Júnior S, Cavalcante RB, Machado RM. ADOLESCENTES DE ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS: USO DE DROGAS, DETERMINANTES SOCIAIS DE SAÚDE E DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2022-0164pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o uso de drogas por adolescentes de escolas públicas e sua associação com os determinantes sociais de saúde e distribuição espacial. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado entre 2020 e 2021 em que se aplicaram os questionários Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) e sociodemográfico em 226 estudantes do 9º ano do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas de uma cidade mineira. Realizou-se análise descritiva e por meio do Teste Exato de Fisher. Resultados: sobre o consumo de álcool, apenas a variável idade foi significativa. Quanto ao tabaco tiveram associação significativa o uso de tabaco e as variáveis idade, estado civil dos pais e com quem mora. As demais substâncias psicoativas não tiveram associação significativa. No que se refere à distribuição espacial, a maior intensidade de problemas se concentrou em atividades de lazer/recreação. Conclusão: o uso de álcool e tabaco estão associados aos determinantes sociais referentes a rede social e fatores pessoais, como idade.
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Almeida CSD, Abreu MNS, Andrade SN, Lana FCF. FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO ALCOHOL USE BY ADOLESCENTS. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2019-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the association between alcohol use by adolescents and environmental, family and social relations factors. Method and epidemiological study, of the cross-sectional cohort type, with a sample consisting of 303 students from the Brazilian 9thgrade of elementary level of public and private schools in Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data was collected through the replication of the “General Information” and “Use of Alcohol” modules from the National Survey of School Health - 2015. The answer variable was alcohol consumption in life, associating it with explanatory variables related to: living with parents, maternal schooling, administrative dependency of the school, alcohol use by friends, and future perspectives. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used using Pearson's chi-square tests and Poisson's model for robust variances. Results an association was found in the multivariate analysis between consumption of beverages and intending to study only until high school or technical school (p=0.007), continuing to study and work (p=0.003), not living with parents (p=0.010), and having friends who make use alcohol (p=0.009). Conclusion social relationships were the most relevant factor for alcohol consumption by adolescents, mainly influenced by friends who use it and by the interpersonal relationships established by them.
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Hitch AE, Gause NK, Brown JL. Substance Use Screening in HIV Care Settings: a Review and Critique of the Literature. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2020; 16:7-16. [PMID: 30747409 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-019-00434-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW People living with human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS (PLWHA) experience high prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD). HIV care settings represent a unique opportunity to identify possible SUD, to provide SUD interventions, and to improve linkage to SUD treatment. The aims of this paper are to (a) review and critique the extant literature examining substance use screening approaches among PLWHA in HIV care settings and (b) provide recommendations for future clinical practice. RECENT FINDINGS Twenty-one peer-reviewed articles that examined substance screening approaches employed in HIV and other primary care settings were included in the review. There was limited literature reporting on the implementation and evaluation of substance use screening practices within HIV care settings, and methodological rigor varied across studies. Further, the use of validated substance use screening measures or incorporation of other substance use screening approaches (e.g., use of urine drug testing) within routine HIV care practice is limited. Strategies to implement routine substance use screening within HIV care and incorporate additional substance use assessment, brief interventions, and referral to specialty substance use treatment are discussed. Use of self-report substance use screening measures using web- or computer-delivered approaches that can be integrated within electronic health record systems is particularly promising. HIV care practices should consider potential models to optimally screen and treat SUD. Co-location of HIV and SUD treatment services may be optimal; when co-located services are not possible, strategies to consistently provide brief intervention approaches and referrals to specialty SUD treatment are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E Hitch
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, 3131 Harvey Avenue, Suite 104, Cincinnati, OH, 45208, USA.
| | - Nicole K Gause
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, 3131 Harvey Avenue, Suite 104, Cincinnati, OH, 45208, USA
| | - Jennifer L Brown
- Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Benchaya MC, Moreira TDC, Constant HMRM, Pereira NM, Freese L, Ferigolo M, Barros HMT. Role of Parenting Styles in Adolescent Substance Use Cessation: Results from a Brazilian Prospective Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E3432. [PMID: 31527470 PMCID: PMC6765768 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to identify the association between parenting styles and behavioral changes among adolescents regarding the consumption of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, cocaine/crack. METHODS A group of ninety-nine adolescents (39 girls and 60 boys), aged 14 to 19 years (17.05 ± 1.51), who called in to a call center that provides counseling to substance users, was followed-up for 30 days. Data collection occurred between March 2009 and October 2015. The adolescents answered questions regarding parental responsiveness and demanding nature on a scale to assess parental styles and provided sociodemographic data, substance abuse consumption characteristics, and the Contemplation Ladder scale score. RESULTS The parental styles most reported by the adolescents were authoritative (30%) and indulgent (28%). Children who perceived their mothers as having an indulgent style and who had absent fathers presented more difficulties in making behavioral changes to avoid alcohol and cocaine/crack consumption. CONCLUSION The study found that parent-child relationships were associated with a lack of change in the adolescent regarding substance use behavior, particularly the consumption of alcohol and cocaine/crack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Canellas Benchaya
- Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil.
- Department of Psychology in Lutheran, University of Brazil, ULBRA, Gravataí 94170-240, Brazil.
| | - Taís de Campos Moreira
- Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil.
| | - Hilda Maria Rodrigues Moleda Constant
- Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil.
| | - Natália Masiero Pereira
- Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil.
| | - Luana Freese
- Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Pharmacosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre-UFCSPA. Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil.
| | - Maristela Ferigolo
- Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil.
| | - Helena Maria Tannhauser Barros
- Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Pharmacosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre-UFCSPA. Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil.
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Miura PO, Silva ACDS, Pedrosa MMMP, Costa ML, Nobre Filho JN. VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA OU VIOLÊNCIA INTRAFAMILIAR: ANÁLISE DOS TERMOS. PSICOLOGIA & SOCIEDADE 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-0310/2018v30179670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Os termos Violência Doméstica (VD) e Violência Intrafamiliar (VI) são identificados na literatura com significados ora semelhantes, ora distintos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar, analisar e compreender o uso dos termos VD e VI em artigos acadêmicos na área da psicologia. O método utilizado foi a revisão sistemática. Os termos VD e VI foram pesquisados nos artigos on-line da Revista Psicologia & Sociedade. Identificaram-se 46 artigos, sendo o uso do termo VD unânime quando se refere à violência de gênero e contra a mulher; já quando a violência se refere às crianças e adolescentes, observou-se uma maior diversidade no uso dos termos, e com relação à violência contra idosos, a prevalência foi do termo VI. Conclui-se sobre a importância de não reduzir o significado dos termos culminando em uma compreensão limitada ao âmbito microssocial, mas ampliando as reflexões acerca dos conceitos de forma a englobar também dimensões macrossociais.
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Antunes HDA, Rivadeneira-Guerrero MF, Goulart BNGD, Oenning NSX. Familiar factors and illicit drug use among Brazilian adolescents: an analysis of the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE, 2015). CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2018; 34:e00009518. [PMID: 30517308 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00009518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Illicit drug use is related to individual characteristics; however, social and family environments seem to be associated with this consumption. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of the relationships between parents or guardians and Brazilian adolescents that use illicit drugs. This is a cross-sectional study with data from the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE, 2015), in which the target population was school children from the ninth grade (eighth year). A total of 102,072 students were included in the current research, being 52,782 females and 49,290 males. Illicit drug use was the outcome and family relationship factors were the exposure. For adjustments, factors as sociodemographic characteristics, mental health, as well as tobacco and alcohol use were established. Univariate and multivariate analysis stratified by sex was conducted through Poisson regression, with a robust variance estimator to calculate the prevalence ratio and the 95% confidence interval. The general prevalence of illicit drug use was 3.8%; 3.3% among females and 4.4% among males. The following factors increase the prevalence ratio for illicit drug use in adolescents: not living with their parents, not feeling supervised by parents, and skipping classes without parents' consent. Never feeling understood by parents and frequent physical aggressions by family members were also associated with illicit drug use. Family relationships collaborate to illicit drug use among Brazilian adolescents, considering their sociodemographic factors, alcohol and smoking habits and parents and friends' profiles.
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Claus MIS, Zerbetto SR, Gonçalves AMDS, Galon T, Andrade LGZD, Oliveira FCD. The family strengths in the context of psychoactive substance dependence. ESCOLA ANNA NERY 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/2177-9465-ean-2018-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Objective: To apprehend the perception of relatives of psychoactive substances dependents about their facilitating strengths to deal positively with the adversities from this context. Method: Qualitative and descriptive study developed between July/2016 and August/2017 at Psychosocial Care Center Alcohol and Drugs of a city on the countryside of São Paulo, through a semi-structured interview for data collection. Eight family members of chemical addicted participate. The interviews were recorded by audio, transcribed and analyzed by content analyze technique, thematic category. Results: The relatives recognized that their facilitating strengths permeated through the religiosity and spirituality, beliefs systems, support from the specialized mental health service support and of friendship, whilst social support network. The strengths also depended on the cohesion and assertive communication of the family. Conclusion: The facilitating strengths recognized by relatives help them deal positively with adversities in the chemical addiction context, strengthening the familiar resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tanyse Galon
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Brasil
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Martins-Oliveira JG, Kawachi I, Paiva PCP, Paiva HND, Pordeus IA, Zarzar PM. Correlates of binge drinking among Brazilian adolescents. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2018; 23:3445-3452. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320182310.29072016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Adolescence is a vulnerable period for risk-taking tendencies, including binge drinking. The aim of this study was to examined the prevalence of binge drinking and its association with factors related to the consumption of alcoholic beverages by best friend, familial factors, socioeconomic status and religiosity. A Census of 633 students from public and private schools in Diamantina-MG was conducted. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-C (AUDIT-C) and, another on the consumption of alcohol by family and friends. Surveys inquiring about socioeconomic conditions were sent to parents/guardians. Descriptive and bivariate analyzes were performed (p < 0.05). The log-binomial model was used to calculate PR and 95% CI. The prevalence of binge drinking was 23.1%. The average age of onset of alcohol consumption was 10,8 years. Binge drinking was more prevalent among adolescents whose best friend [OR = 4.72 (95% CI 2.78-8.03)] and brother [PR = 1.46 (95% CI 1.10-1.92)] drink alcohol. Religiosity [PR = 0.40 (95% CI 0.27-0.62)] appeared as a possible protective factor. Our findings indicate that peer effects are important determinants of drinking and could be utilized as a potential target for interventions to reduce alcohol consumption rates.
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Galhardi CC, Matsukura TS. O cotidiano de adolescentes em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de Álcool e outras Drogas: realidades e desafios. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00150816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Este estudo objetivou compreender o cotidiano dos adolescentes em relação às drogas, no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de Álcool e outras Drogas (CAPSad) e nos demais contextos de inserção pelos quais transitam, sob a ótica dos próprios adolescentes. Contou-se com a participação de oito adolescentes com idades entre 12 e 18 anos vinculados ao CAPSad, de um município de médio porte no interior do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, onde o estudo foi realizado. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se um formulário de identificação dos adolescentes e rede familiar e um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada. Para a análise dos dados adotou-se a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Os resultados evidenciam que os adolescentes vivenciam um processo de exclusão social e desengajamento em diversas esferas da vida e destaca o CAPSad como um espaço importante no dia a dia, porém ainda limitado nas ações de atenção e cuidado aos adolescentes. Este estudo acrescenta ao dar voz aos adolescentes, população que frequentemente está excluída dos serviços destinados ao acolhimento e tratamento do uso de drogas, como também ao identificar e compreender sobre as drogas e as particularidades de seus cotidianos, segundo suas próprias perspectivas, dentro e fora do serviço.
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Dantas DG, de Souza Machado Neto A, da Silva Matos G, Figueiredo da Silva G, Guerra Pereira Pinto I, Cavalcante Marques A, de Souza Rodrigues B, de Souza Machado A. Prevalência e Risco de Tabagismo entre Estudantes do Ensino Médio em Cidade do Nordeste do Brasil. PORTUGUESE JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2017. [DOI: 10.1159/000477649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Raposo JCDS, Costa ACDQ, Valença PADM, Zarzar PM, Diniz ADS, Colares V, da Franca C. Binge drinking and illicit drug use among adolescent students. Rev Saude Publica 2017; 51:83. [PMID: 28876411 PMCID: PMC5574466 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2017051006863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of illicit drug use and its association with binge drinking and sociodemographic factors among adolescent students. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with probabilistic conglomerate sampling, involving 1,154 students, aged 13 to 19 years old, from the public school system, in the city of Olinda, State of Pernambuco, Brazil, carried out in 2014. We used the Youth Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire, validated for use with Brazilian adolescents. The Chi-square test (≤ 0.05) and Poisson regression analysis were used to estimate the prevalence ratios, with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Use in life of illicit drugs was four times more prevalent among students who reported binge drinking (95%CI 3.19-5.45). Being in the age group of 16 to 19 years, being male, and having no religion were also significantly associated with illicit drug use. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of use in life of illicit drugs was higher in this study than in other studies carried out in Brazil and it was strongly associated with binge drinking. This factor was associated with gender, age, and religion. OBJETIVO Estimar a prevalência do uso de drogas ilícitas e sua associação com binge drinking e fatores sociodemográficos entre estudantes adolescentes. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal com amostra probabilística por conglomerado, envolvendo 1.154 estudantes, de 13 a 19 anos de idade, da rede pública de ensino, no município de Olinda, PE, 2014. Foi utilizado o questionário Youth Risk Behavior Survey, validado para uso com adolescentes brasileiros. Para análise dos dados foi utilizado o teste do Qui-quadrado (≤ 0,05) e análise de regressão de Poisson, para estimar razões de prevalência, com intervalos com 95% de confiança. RESULTADOS O uso na vida de drogas ilícitas foi quatro vezes mais prevalente entre os estudantes que relataram o binge drinking (IC95% 3,19-5,45). Estar na faixa etária de 16 a 19 anos, ser do sexo masculino e não ter religião também foram significativamente associados ao uso de drogas ilícitas. CONCLUSÕES A prevalência do uso de drogas ilícitas na vida foi superior a outros estudos realizados no Brasil e esteve fortemente associado ao binge drinking. Esse fator mostrou associação com gênero, idade e religião.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paula Andréa de Melo Valença
- Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado. Programa de Mestrado em Hebiatria. Universidade de Pernambuco. Camaragibe, PE, Brasil
| | - Patrícia Maria Zarzar
- Departamento de Odontopediatria e Ortodontia. Faculdade de Odontologia. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Alcides da Silva Diniz
- Departamento de Nutrição. Centro de Ciência da Saúde. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Viviane Colares
- Faculdade de Odontologia. Universidade de Pernambuco. Recife, PE, Brasil
- Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Preventiva. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Carolina da Franca
- Faculdade de Odontologia. Universidade de Pernambuco. Recife, PE, Brasil
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de Andrade ME, Santos IHF, de Souza AAM, Silva ACS, Leite TDS, Oliveira CCDC, de Albuquerque RLC. Experimentation with psychoactive substances by public school students. Rev Saude Publica 2017; 51:82. [PMID: 28876413 PMCID: PMC5574465 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2017051006929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence of exposure to psychoactive substances in public students of basic education and its association with sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS This is a cross-sectional survey conducted from March to September 2015, involving 1,009 students of the basic and high school education in 20 public schools in the municipality of Aracaju, State of Sergipe, Brazil. The data have been compiled using questionnaires previously applied in national studies of the Brazilian Center for Psychotropic Drugs. The variables have been dichotomized for later logistic regression using the Chi-square test to analyze associations between experimentation with psychoactive substances and other sociodemographic variables; odds ratio and confidence intervals have also been calculated. The level of significance adopted was 5%. RESULTS We have identified that 69.6% of the students have experimented alcohol and 12.4% cigarettes. Age (≥ 15 years) has shown a significant association with experimentation with alcohol (p < 0.001) and cigarettes (p = 0.02), acting as risk factor in both cases (OR = 2.34 and 1, 78, respectively), but it acted as a protective factor for the use of inhalants (p = 0.03 and OR = 0.58) and weight loss medication (p = 0.006 and OR = 0.44). Religious practice had a significant association with experimentation with alcohol (p = 0.01), functioning as a protective factor (OR = 0.56). CONCLUSIONS We have concluded that the psychoactive substance most experienced by students was alcohol, followed by cigarettes, and chance for experimentation increases after the age of 15. Religious practice, in turn, acts as a protective factor for experimentation with alcohol. OBJETIVO Analisar a prevalência de exposição a substâncias psicoativas em estudantes do ensino básico de escolas públicas e sua associação com características sociodemográficas. MÉTODOS Trata-se de um inquérito transversal realizado de março a setembro de 2015, envolvendo 1.009 alunos do ensino fundamental e médio em 20 escolas públicas de Aracaju, São Cristóvão e Nossa Senhora do Socorro. Os dados foram compilados por meio de questionários aplicados anteriormente em estudos nacionais do Centro Brasileiro de Drogas Psicotrópicas. As variáveis foram dicotomizadas para posterior regressão logística com aplicação do teste Qui-quadrado para analisar associações entre a experimentação de substâncias psicoativas e outras variáveis sociodemográficas, e calculada a razão de chances e seus intervalos de confiança. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. RESULTADOS Identificamos que 69,6% dos estudantes têm experimentado álcool e 12,4% cigarro. A idade dos alunos (≥ 15 anos) mostrou associação significativa com a experimentação de álcool (p < 0,001) e cigarros (p = 0,02), atuando como fator de risco em ambos os casos (OR = 2,34 e 1,78, respectivamente), mas atuando como fator de proteção para o uso de inalantes (p = 0,03 e OR = 0,58) e remédios para emagrecer (p = 0,006 e OR = 0,44). A prática religiosa apresentou associação significativa com a experimentação de álcool (p = 0,01), funcionando como um fator de proteção (OR = 0,56). CONCLUSÕES Conclui-se que a substância psicoativa mais experimentada pelos estudantes foi o álcool, seguida do cigarro, e que a chance de experimentação aumenta a partir dos 15 anos. A prática religiosa, por sua vez, atua como fator de proteção à experimentação do álcool.
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Suárez-Relinque C, Arroyo GDM, Ferrer BM, Ochoa GM. [Spanish adolescents' low perception of risk in alcohol consumption]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2017; 33:e00129716. [PMID: 28792994 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00129716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
According to recent studies, Spanish adolescents show low perception of risk in alcohol consumption. The current study aims to analyze the factors that favor this low perception based on the opinion of a group of 32 professional experts on adolescence, family, school, mass media, and local policies. A qualitative methodology was used, based on Grounded Theory, using information from 5 focus groups guided by semi-structured interviews. Twelve factors or subcategories were identified, grouped in 4 general categories: short-term risk, immediacy, and perception of invulnerability ("adolescent thinking" category); benevolent view of alcohol, normalization of consumption, and alcohol-entertainment binomial ("social norms" category); parents' habitual consumption, verbal/non-verbal inconsistency in parental model, risk-free consumption depicted in the mass media, consumption with positive results in the media ("social models" category); and excessive health content, long-term risk ("preventive discourse" category). After discussing the results in the context of the current scientific literature, the article offers various proposals for increasing risk perception in adolescents: stronger impact of contents on short-term risks of alcohol; educational strategies targeted to adolescents to include agents of socialization, especially parents; and policies centered on the substance and reduction of supply.
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Horta ALDM, Daspett C, Egito JHTD, Macedo RMSD. Vivência e estratégias de enfrentamento de familiares de dependentes. Rev Bras Enferm 2016; 69:1024-1030. [DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2015-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: compreender a vivência e estratégias de enfrentamento de familiares de dependentes de drogas. Método: estudo desenvolvido com 87 familiares de dependentes cadastrados em duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde, utilizando grupo focal como método e análise de conteúdo. Resultados: foram encontradas quatro categorias: Olhar dos familiares diante da dependência dos dependentes; Sentimentos e atitudes relacionados a ser familiar de dependente; Dificuldades encontradas no processo; e Estratégias de enfrentamento. Os achados refletem a dificuldade em lidar com esse assunto e a necessidade de serem cuidados. Os familiares acreditavam que o dependente precisava querer se tratar e mostraram dificuldade de lidar com desaparecimentos esporádicos. Apontaram sentimentos de dó, impotência, desgosto, ódio, vergonha, medo da agressividade e humilhação. Conclusão: a maior dificuldade esteve em lidar com recaídas e na falta de recursos públicos. Religiosidade e fé, afastamento e conselhos foram utilizados como estratégias, e foi demonstrada ambivalência nas atitudes e pensamentos.
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16
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Gonçalves H, Soares ALG, Santos APGD, Ribeiro CG, Bierhals IO, Vieira LS, Hellwig NL, Wehrmeister FC, Menezes AMB. Adverse childhood experiences and consumption of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs among adolescents of a Brazilian birth cohort. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2016; 32:e00085815. [PMID: 27828612 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00085815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs among adolescents from a Brazilian cohort. The occurrence of five ACEs, the use of alcohol and tobacco and trying illicit drugs were investigated in the 1993 Pelotas birth cohort at the age of 15 (n = 4,230). A score was created for the ACEs and their association with the use of substances was evaluated. Around 25% of adolescents consumed alcohol, 6% smoked and 2.1% reported having used drugs at least once in their lives. The ACEs were associated with the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs. A dose-response relation between the number of ACEs and the substance use was found, particularly with regard to illicit drugs. The occurrence of ACEs was positively associated with the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs among adolescents and the risk may be different for men and women. These results point to the fact that strategies for preventing the use of substances should include interventions both among adolescents and within the family environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | | | | | - Camila Garcez Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | | | - Luna Strieder Vieira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Natália Limões Hellwig
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Fernando C Wehrmeister
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Ana M B Menezes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
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Granville-Garcia AF, Clementino MA, Gomes MDNC, Firmino RT, Ribeiro GLA, Siqueira MBLD. Alcohol consumption among adolescents: attitudes, behaviors and associated factors. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2016; 19:7-16. [PMID: 24473598 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232014191.1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The scope of this paper is to assess the attitudes and behaviors regarding alcohol use and analyze associated factors among schoolchildren in public schools of Campina Grande in the state of Paraíba. A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 574 adolescents, with the application of a semi-structured questionnaire. The chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used (5% level of significance). Among the adolescents 54.5% had drunk alcohol and 6.7% of them were heavy drinkers. The majority of them drank alcohol between 11 and 14 years of age (42.8%); 26.3% of the adolescents purchased alcoholic beverages; and beer was the most drink most consumed (43.8%). The risk of alcohol drinking was higher between 16 and 19 years of age (OR = 4.44; p < 0.001), among those without religious affiliation (OR = 4.36; p = 0.002), among those who worked (OR = 2.13; p = 0.012) and among those who had a fair to poor relationship with their father (OR = 2.18; p = 0.010). The results of this study underscore the complexity of this issue and the need to pay particular attention to the adolescent population. Public policies alone are not sufficient. Support from family, school and society is essential to curtail early alcohol use and its consequences.
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Paiva PCP, Paiva HND, Lamounier JA, Ferreira EFE, César CAS, Zarzar PM. [Binge drinking among 12-year-old adolescent schoolchildren and its association with sex, socioeconomic factors and alcohol consumption by best friends and family members]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2015; 20:3427-35. [PMID: 26602720 DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320152011.18792014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of 101 twelve-year-old adolescents enrolled in public and private schools in the city of Diamantina in the State of Minas Gerais. The scope was to evaluate the prevalence of binge drinking among 12-year-old schoolchildren and its association with gender, socioeconomic status and alcohol consumption by family members and best friends. The participants completed a self-administered questionnaire entitled the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) and the consumption of alcoholic beverages by friends and family. Parents/guardians answered the form on sociodemographic questions. Descriptive analyses and association tests were performed (p < 0.05). The prevalence of binge drinking was 24.8%. Alcoholic beverage consumption began at the age of 10 (16.8%), though sex was not associated with binge drinking by adolescents. However, attending a public school (0.005) and alcohol consumption by best friends (p < 000.1) were associated with binge drinking by adolescents in the bivariate analysis. The prevalence of binge drinking was high and was associated with low socioeconomic status and alcohol consumption by the best friend. No association between sex and alcohol consumption by the family members of adolescents was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Cristina Pelli Paiva
- Departamento de Odontologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brasil,
| | - Haroldo Neves de Paiva
- Departamento de Odontologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brasil,
| | | | | | | | - Patrícia Maria Zarzar
- Departamento de Odontopediatria e Ortodontia, Faculdade de Odontologia, UFMG, MG, Brasil
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