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Tao J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Huang S, Gao W, Dai L, Feng Z, Jiao C, Zhang Y. Efficacy and safety of gemcitabine plus raltitrexed or S-1 versus standard third-line therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study. J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 15:630-640. [PMID: 38756629 PMCID: PMC11094490 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-24-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background After the failure of standard first- and second-line treatments, including oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) combined with targeted drugs, the currently recommended third-line regimens for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) include TAS-102, regorafenib, and fruquintinib. However, these regimens have the drawbacks of mediocre efficacy, substantive side effects, and high cost. Therefore, more effective, economical regimens with fewer side effects are needed in clinical practice. In this study, we assessed the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine plus raltitrexed or S-1 as a third- or later-line treatment in comparison to those of standard third-line therapies for patients with mCRC. Methods Patients with previous failures of at least two lines of standard therapy with oxaliplatin, 5-FU, irinotecan, or capecitabine combined with targeted drugs were included. The participants received standard third-line therapies (including TAS-102, regorafenib, and fruquintinib) or gemcitabine plus raltitrexed or S-1 until disease progression, death, or intolerable toxicity arose. Imaging follow-up was performed every 3 months during their treatment. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were recorded. Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the potential predictors of survival. Results From April 2018 to October 2022, 60 patients with mCRC were enrolled in our study. The numbers of patients in the chemotherapy, fruquintinib, regorafenib, and TAS-102 groups were 13, 15, 17, and 15, respectively; the median OS of the four groups was 7.4, 6.1, 8.3, and 6.7 months (P=0.384), respectively; the median PFS was 4.1, 3.4, 4.4, and 2.3 months (P=0.656), respectively; the overall response rate was 7.69%, 6.67%, 0.00%, and 13.33%, respectively; and the disease control rate was 61.54%, 60.00%, 70.59%, and 60.00%, respectively. Additionally, multivariate analysis revealed that primary lesion located in the rectum was adverse independent prognostic factors for OS. A typical case is presented in this article. Conclusions The gemcitabine plus raltitrexed or S-1 regimen is a potential regimen with tolerable adverse reactions and low cost for patients with mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Tao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yingtian Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Changshu No. 2 People’s Hospital, Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Nantong University, Changshu, China
| | - Yanjie Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Sijia Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Gao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liya Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengyang Feng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chenchen Jiao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yusong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Wan Y, Luo D. Using a combination of fruquintinib, raltitrexed, and S-1 as a third-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer with co-existence of Hodgkin lymphoma: a case report. J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 14:450-457. [PMID: 36915460 PMCID: PMC10007946 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-23-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) beyond second line treatment have a poor prognosis. Fruquintinib, regorafenib, trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102), panitumumab and cetuximab combined with single-agent chemotherapy regimens are currently recommended as third-line therapies for patients exhibiting disease progression. Effective late-line therapies for mCRC are urgently needed. The FRESCO randomized clinical trial (RCT) prompts fruquintinib as a third-line treatment in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). A phase II study in our center reported the efficacy and safety of S-1 plus raltitrexed for the treatment of chemo-refractory mCRC. The combination of the fruquintinib, raltitrexed, and S-1 has not been reported in mCRC. Case Description This case report presents a patient with mCRC who received third-line treatment with fruquintinib, raltitrexed, and S-1. A 54-year-old male presenting with hematochezia was admitted to West China Hospital of Sichuan University in June 2017 and underwent surgery for a tumor between the rectum and sigmoid colon. Postoperative pathology identified adenocarcinoma (wild-type RAS/RAF, no PIK3CA mutation), and the patient was diagnosed with mCRC (pathological stage, pT3pN1apM0). The mFOLFOX6 regimen was administered. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma in May 2018 and treated with the ABVD regimen after multidisciplinary discussions. Liver metastases (intestinal-type adenocarcinoma) were detected in November 2018, and second-line therapy with the FOLFIRI regimen was initiated in January 2019. Lung metastases were identified in September 2019, so the patient was treated with a combination of raltitrexed, S-1, and fruquintinib. A partial response (PR) was detected in November 2019, and the patient underwent resection of the hepatic lesion on November 5, 2020. Computed tomography (CT) images in November 2021 revealed a stable disease; thus, raltitrexed was discontinued, and S-1 and fruquintinib were maintained. The treatment is still responding until the last follow-up (December 2022). Conclusions The case was characterized by the simultaneous existence of mCRC and Hodgkin lymphoma, which required management by a multidisciplinary team. Third-line therapy with fruquintinib, raltitrexed, and S-1 achieved a PR that permitted surgical resection and enabled a relatively long progression-free survival. The findings suggest that the three agents regimen might be clinically effective as late-line therapy for mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Wan
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Deyun Luo
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Liu X, Ma X, Ou K, Wang Q, Gao L, Yang L. Real-World Results of Raltitrexed Combined with S-1 and Bevacizumab in Heavily Pretreated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:277-289. [PMID: 36969545 PMCID: PMC10038009 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s398539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Treatment options for refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) are scarce. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of raltitrexed combined with S-1 and bevacizumab in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic CRC in a clinical real-world setting. Patients and Methods Records of patients with metastatic CRC refractory to standard therapies who initiated raltitrexed plus S-1 and bevacizumab from October 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed at our institution. The study endpoints included median overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs). Results Forty-four patients with metastatic CRC, who had previously undergone standard chemotherapy received the regimen comprising raltitrexed plus S-1 and bevacizumab. As of March 2022, the median follow-up was 23.2 months (95% confidence interval 15.8-30.6). The median OS and median PFS were 13.5 (95% CI 9.9-17.1) and 4.7 months (95% CI 3.6-5.8), respectively, with a 16-week PFS rate of 60.9%. Among 43 patients with measurable lesions, the ORR and DCR were 7.0% (3/43) and 65.1% (28/43), respectively. Patients without peritoneal metastases (P = 0.003, hazard ratio 0.160, 95% CI 0.048-0.531), lower carcinoembryonic antigen level (≤42.8 ng/mL) (P = 0.039, HR 0.382, 95% CI 0.153-0.952), and no previous treatment with both vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (VEGF) and S-1 (P = 0.020, HR 0.215, 95% CI 0.059-0.785) had better OS. The incidence of any grade of treatment-related AEs was 88.6%, most of which were mild to moderate, and no treatment-related deaths occurred. Conclusion Raltitrexed combined with S-1 and bevacizumab shows promising antitumor activity and safety and could be an alternative for patients with metastatic CRC who are refractory or intolerant to standard therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Ou
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang District Sanhuan Cancer Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lizhen Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Huanxing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Lin Yang, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Panjiyuanninli, Beijing, 10021, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-10-87788118, Email
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He J, Sun H, Li F, Yang H, Lou M, Wang S, Wu C. Efficacy and safety of raltitrexed-based transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter real-world study. Hepatol Res 2021; 51:1153-1163. [PMID: 34492152 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of raltitrexed-based transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using real-world evidence. METHODS All eligible HCC cases were collected from multiple centers in Chongqing, China, from January 2013 to December 2018 and divided into the raltitrexed group (raltitrexed + lobaplatin + pirarubicin) and control group (lobaplatin + pirarubicin). Propensity score matching (PSM) with a 1:1 ratio was used to eliminate the imbalance of potential confounding factors between groups. The primary end-point was overall survival (OS) and the secondary end-points were progression-free survival (PFS) and disease control rate. RESULTS The median follow-up period for patients in the raltitrexed and control groups was 8.7 and 5.9 months, respectively. After PSM, median OS was 10.0 months in the raltitrexed group and 7.0 months in the control group (p = 0.002). The 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year OS rates of the raltitrexed group were significantly higher than those of the control group (78.2% vs. 60.9%, p = 0.010; 43.5% vs. 22.8%, p = 0.030; and 17.4% vs. 2.2% p = 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis of these propensity score-matched HCC patients revealed treatment, age, tumor size, lipiodol accumulation, and the number of TACE cycles as independent predictors of OS (all p < 0.05). The disease control rate of the raltitrexed and control groups was 87.4% and 65.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Raltitrexed-based TACE can prolong the OS of patients with intermediate and advanced HCC in a real-world clinical setting, and is safe and tolerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hang Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Respiration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minggeng Lou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shunde Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuanxin Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Chen Y, Zhou YW, Cheng K, Li ZP, Luo DY, Qiu M, Li Q, Wang X, Shen YL, Cao D, Yang Y, Bi F, Liu JY, Gou HF. Bevacizumab Combined with S-1 and Raltitrexed for Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Refractory to Standard Therapies: A Phase II Study. Oncologist 2021; 26:e1320-e1326. [PMID: 33830591 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
LESSONS LEARNED Bevacizumab combined with S-1 and raltitrexed demonstrated positive antitumor efficacy and acceptable toxicity. This combination might represent a treatment option for refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. BACKGROUND In patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) refractory to standard therapies, S-1 plus raltitrexed showed a good objective response rate (ORR) and significant survival benefit in our previous study. In the present study, we assessed the activity and safety of bevacizumab combined with S-1 and raltitrexed. METHODS This investigator-initiated, open-label, single-arm, phase II trial was performed at West China Hospital in China. Patients with mCRC who had disease progression after fluoropyrimidine, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin and had at least one measurable lesion were eligible for this trial. Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (for tumors with wild-type RAS) and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in the first or second line was allowed, but patients who had been treated with bevacizumab across two consecutive chemotherapy regimens were excluded. Patients received bevacizumab (7.5 mg/kg on day 1), oral S-1 (80-120 mg per day for 14 days), and raltitrexed (3 mg/m2 on day 1) every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was ORR. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity. RESULTS From September 2015 to November 2019, 44 patients were enrolled. Tumor response evaluation was available in 44 patients at the time of the analysis. There were no complete responses; the ORR was 15.9%, and the disease control rate was 54.5%. Median PFS and OS were 110 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 65.0-155.0) and 367 days (95% CI, 310.4-423.6), respectively. The combination was well tolerated. CONCLUSION Bevacizumab combined with S-1 and raltitrexed showed promising antitumor activity and safety in refractory mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chen
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Wen Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ping Li
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Yun Luo
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Qiu
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Li
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Li Shen
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Cao
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Bi
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Yan Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Feng Gou
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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6
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Huang M, Yang Y, Zhu X, Chen Z, Zhang W, Wang C, Zhang X, Qiu L, Zhang Z, Zhao X, Li W, Wang Y, Guo W. A prospective phase II study of raltitrexed combined with S-1 as salvage treatment for patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2021; 17:513-521. [PMID: 33567129 PMCID: PMC9290727 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aim A third‐line chemotherapy regimen for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is not available in China. Studies have shown that raltitrexed or S‐1 has no complete cross‐resistance with fluorouracil (5‐FU). In this phase II study, we prospectively analyzed the efficacy and safety of raltitrexed combined with S‐1 (RS regimen) in the treatment of mCRC after the failure of conventional chemotherapy. Methods A total of 105 patients with mCRC with progression following treatment with 5‐FU, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan were enrolled between November 2015 and May 2019. Patients received intravenous infusion of raltitrexed (3 mg/m2 from day 1 every 3 weeks) and oral S‐1 (80‐120 mg for 14 days every 3 weeks). Tumor evaluations were performed every two cycles according to the RECIST 1.1 guidelines. Results In the intention‐to‐treat patients, the objective response and disease control rates were 7.62% and 48.57%, respectively. The median progression‐free survival and median overall survival were 2.5 and 8.0 months, respectively. Common adverse events included neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and nausea, while neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia nausea, diarrhea, skin eruption, and oral ulceration had grade 3 or higher adverse events. Subgroup analysis revealed that primary site or gene mutation status had little influence on the RS regimen efficacy, while the baseline albumin level, 5‐FU administration in second‐line therapy, and number of previous treatment regimens affected the efficacy. Conclusion The RS regimen demonstrated favorable effects in patients with mCRC following failure of standard chemotherapy, and could be a new choice for third‐line treatment, and must be verified in future randomized clinical trials (Clinical trial: NCT02618356).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyu Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Qiu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Weijian Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Fu X, Zhang Y, Chang L, Hui D, Jia R, Liu N, Zhang H, Han G, Han Z, Li Y, Liu H, Zhu H, Li Q. The JPJDF has Synergistic Effect with Fluoropyrimidine in the Maintenance Therapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2020; 15:257-269. [PMID: 32679021 DOI: 10.2174/1574892815666200717141205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Maintenance chemotherapeutic regimen with low toxicity is needed for
metastatic colorectal cancer. A recent patent has been issued on the spleen-strengthening and detoxification
prescription (JPJDF), a traditional Chinese herbal medicinal formula with anti-angiogenesis
effect. The clinical effect of JPJDF on the maintenance treatment of advanced colorectal cancer
has not been evaluated.
Objective:
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of JPJDF in combination with
fluoropyrimidine compared to fluoropyrimidine alone as maintenance therapy for metastatic colorectal
cancer.
Methods:
We applied a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, single center clinical study design.
A total of 137 patients with advanced colorectal cancer were recruited. Patients received either
Fluoropyrimidine (Flu-treated group, n = 68), or Fluoropyrimidine plus JPJDF (Flu-F-treated
group, n = 69) as maintenance treatment after 6-cycle of FOLFOX4 or FOLFORI induction treatment.
The primary endpoints were Progression-Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS).
The secondary endpoints were safety, Performance Status (PS) score and other symptoms.
Results:
The endpoint of disease progression was observed in 91.7% of patients. The PFS was 5.0
months and 3.0 months in the Flu-F-treated and Flu-treated groups, respectively. The OS was 15.0
months and 9.0 months in the Flu-F-treated and Flu-treated groups, respectively. Some common
symptoms, such as hypodynamia, anepithymia, dizziness and tinnitus and shortness of breath, were
improved in the Flu-F-treated group. There was no significant difference in the common adverse reactions
between the two groups.
Conclusion:
JPJDF and fluoropyrimidine have synergistic effect in the maintenance treatment of
mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Fu
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 110, Ganhe Road, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lisheng Chang
- Department of Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dengcheng Hui
- Department of Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ru Jia
- Department of Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ningning Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huayue Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 110, Ganhe Road, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Gang Han
- Department of Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhifen Han
- Department of Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 110, Ganhe Road, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huirong Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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8
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Petrelli F, Perego G, Ghidini A, Ghidini M, Borgonovo K, Scolari C, Nozza R, Rampulla V, Costanzo A, Varricchio A, Rausa E, Pietrantonio F, Zaniboni A. A systematic review of salvage therapies in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 2020; 35:783-794. [PMID: 32219509 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-020-03571-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Established that the only approved agents in previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) are trifluoridine/tipiracil and regorafenib, we conducted a systematic review of all the published phase 2-3 trials, with the scope to evaluate the benefit of any later-line regimens in refractory metastatic CRC. METHODS Phase 2-3 studies that enrolled patients with stage IV disease receiving salvage therapies for refractory CRC were identified using electronic databases (Pubmed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library). Clinical outcomes were pooled using a point estimates for the weighted values of median overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), response rate (ORR), stable disease rate (SD), and 6-month and 1-year OS. RESULTS Overall, 7556 patients were included from 67 studies (n = 70 arms). Overall, the pooled ORR and SD were 15.4% (95% CI 13-18%) and 36.9% (95% CI 33.5-40.6%). Median PFS, 6-month and 1-year OS, and median OS were 3.2 (95% CI 2.9-3.3) months, 65.4% (95% CI 61.9-68.8%), 36% (95% CI 32.3-39.9%) and 8.8 (95% CI 8.3-9.2) months. Overall survival was different in the monochemotherapy, polychemotherapy, chemotherapy + targeted therapy, and targeted therapy alone arms (7.6, 9.5, 10.3, and 7.9 months, respectively, P for difference = 0.01). Median PFS were respectively 2.3, 3.9, 3.8, and 2.6, respectively (P for difference < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Overall, combination therapy (polychemotherapy with or without targeted agents) is associated with a higher control of disease and better outcome than approved agents. Treatment, if possible, should be personalized according to the patients' conditions, physician preference and molecular profile of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Petrelli
- Oncology Unit, Medical Sciences Department, ASST Bergamo Ovest, Piazzale Ospedale 1, 24047, Treviglio, BG, Italy.
| | | | | | - Michele Ghidini
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Karen Borgonovo
- Oncology Unit, Medical Sciences Department, ASST Bergamo Ovest, Piazzale Ospedale 1, 24047, Treviglio, BG, Italy
| | | | - Renata Nozza
- Pharmacy Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, Treviglio, BG, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Costanzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Ovest, Treviglio, BG, Italy
| | | | | | - Filippo Pietrantonio
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Gong Q, Song C, Wang X, Wang R, Cai G, Liang X, Liu J. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with recombinant mutant human TNF-α and raltitrexed in mice with colorectal-peritoneal carcinomatosis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:542-551. [PMID: 32041417 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220905047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneum is one of the most common metastatic sites of colorectal cancer (CRC). It has been reported that cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) prolongs the lifespan of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin (CRC-PC), while the drugs used for HIPEC are limited. We investigated the application of recombinant mutant human tumor necrosis factor-α (rmhTNF) combined with raltitrexed in the HIPEC treatment in a mice model with CRC-PC. In vitro, we detected the cytotoxicity and apoptosis of human colorectal cancer cells by 3–(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Western blot, and TdT-mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) assay. In vivo, we established xenograft models of CRC-PC and assessed the antitumor effect by in vivo imaging, peritoneal cancer index scoring, and TUNEL assay. The results showed that the combination of rmhTNF and raltitrexed under hyperthermia with a temperature of 42°C inhibited the growth of colorectal cancer cells significantly in vitro, and after HIPEC treatments with rmhTNF and raltitrexed, peritoneal tumor growth was prohibited in vivo. Our findings about the efficacy of rmhTNF and raltitrexed used for HIPEC to treat CRC-PC will provide experimental data and basis for their potential clinical application. Impact statement Colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis exhibits poor prognosis and presents a treatment challenge. At present, the main treatment is surgery, supplemented by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), but the drugs used for HIPEC are limited. Our study found that the combination of recombinant mutant human TNF-α (rmhTNF) and raltitrexed (RTX) under hyperthermia with a temperature of 42°C had antitumor effect both in vitro and vivo. The findings will provide experimental data and basis for the potential clinical application of rmhTNF and RTX, which might offer patients a new choice of therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Changfeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Renjie Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guoxiang Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jianwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Regulatory mechanisms of Robo4 and their effects on angiogenesis. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190513. [PMID: 31160487 PMCID: PMC6620384 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Roundabout4 (Robo4) is a transmembrane receptor that belongs to the Roundabout (Robo) family of axon guidance molecules. Robo4 is an endothelial-specific receptor that participates in endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis and the maintenance of vasculature homeostasis. The purpose of this review is to summarize and analyze three main mechanisms related to the expression and function of Robo4 during developmental and pathological angiogenesis. In this review, static shear stress and the binding of transcription factors such as E26 transformation-specific variant 2 (ETV2) and Slit3 induce Robo4 expression and activate Robo4 during tissue and organ development. Robo4 interacts with Slit2 or UNC5B to maintain vascular integrity, while a disturbed flow and the expression of transcription factors in inflammatory or neoplastic environments alter Robo4 expression levels, although these changes have uncertain functions. Based on the mechanisms described above, we discuss the aberrant expression of Robo4 in angiogenesis-related diseases and propose antiangiogenic therapies targeting the Robo4 signaling pathway for the treatment of ocular neovascularization lesions and tumors. Finally, although many problems related to Robo4 signaling pathways remain to be resolved, Robo4 is a promising and potentially valuable therapeutic target for treating pathological angiogenesis and developmental defects in angiogenesis.
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