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Lawrence PT, Daniels AS, Tierney AJ, Sykes ECH, Mace CR. Ligand Shell Thickness of PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles Controls Cellular Uptake and Radiation Enhancement. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:36847-36856. [PMID: 39220474 PMCID: PMC11360023 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c06568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The drive to improve the safety and efficacy of radiotherapies for cancers has prompted the development of nanomaterials that can locally amplify the radiation dose at a tumor without damaging the surrounding healthy tissue. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), in particular, exhibit promising radiosensitizing properties under kilovolt X-ray exposure, although the precise mechanism behind this enhancement is not fully understood. While most studies recognize the involvement of factors such as core composition, size, shape, and ligand chemistry in the effectiveness of Au NPs for radiation-induced cancer treatment, there is a scarcity of direct assessments that connect the photophysical properties of the nanomaterial with the observed cellular or biological outcomes. Despite previous evidence of low-energy electron (LEE) emission from Au NPs and their potential to initiate biological damage, to our knowledge, no studies directly correlate the secondary LEE emission with radiation-induced cell death. In this study we assessed Au NPs functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) ligands of varying molecular weights and lengths (1, 5, and 20 kDa PEG) as potential radiosensitizers of A549 lung cancer cells using kilovolt X-ray source potentials (33-130 kVp). We assessed NP internalization using mass cytometry, radiation dose enhancement using clonogenic survival assays, and secondary LEE emission using a retarding field analyzer. Results reveal a statistically significant difference in cellular uptake and radiation dose enhancement for 5 kDa PEG-Au NPs compared to formulations using 1 and 20 kDa PEG, while analysis of secondary LEE emission spectra demonstrated that differences in the length of the PEG ligand did not cause statistically significant attenuation of secondary LEE flux. Consequently, we inferred increased cellular uptake of NPs to be the cause for the observed enhancement in radiosensitivity for 5 kDa PEGylated Au NPs. The approach used in this study establishes a more complete workflow for designing and characterizing the performance of nanomaterial radiosensitizers, allowing for quantification of secondary LEEs and cellular uptake, and ultimately correlation with localized dose enhancement that leads to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T. Lawrence
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Avery S. Daniels
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Allison J. Tierney
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - E. Charles H. Sykes
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Charles R. Mace
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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Gonnelli A, Gerbé de Thoré M, Ermini ML, Frusca V, Zamborlin A, Signolle N, Bawa O, Clémenson C, Meziani L, Bergeron P, El-Azrak I, Sarogni P, Mugnaioli E, Giannini N, Drava G, Deutsch E, Paiar F, Mondini M, Voliani V. Nonpersistent Nanoarchitectures Enhance Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in an Immunocompetent Orthotopic Model of HPV+ Head/Neck Carcinoma. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2400949. [PMID: 38761135 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Cisplatin chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the established standard of care for managing locally advanced human papillomavirus-positive head/neck carcinoma. The typically young patients may suffer serious and long-time side effects caused by the treatment, such as dysphagia, and hearing loss. Thus, ensuring a satisfactory post-treatment quality of life is paramount. One potential replacing approach to the classical CRT involves the combination of standard-dose radiotherapy and radiosensitizers such as noble metal nanoparticles (NPs). However, several concerns about size, shape, and biocompatibility limit the translation of metal nanomaterials to the clinical practice. Here, it is demonstrated that a new model of nonpersistent gold nanoarchitectures containing cisplatin (NAs-Cluster-CisPt) generates, in combination with radiotherapy, a significant in vivo tumor-reducing effect compared to the standard CRT, achieving a complete tumor clearance in 25% of the immunocompetent models that persist for 60 days. These findings, together with the negligible amount of metals recognized in the excretory organs, highlight that the concurrent administration of NAs-Cluster-CisPt and radiotherapy has the potential to overcome some clinical limitations associated to NP-based approaches while enhancing the treatment outcome with respect to standard CRT. Overall, despite further mechanistic investigations being essential, these data support the exploiting of nonpersistent metal-nanomaterial-mediated approaches for oral cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Gonnelli
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, 56127, Italy
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Pisa University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana", Via Roma 67, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Marine Gerbé de Thoré
- Gustave Roussy, INSERM U1030 Molecular Radiotherapy and Therapeutic Innovation, Université Paris Saclay, 114, rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif Cedex, 94805, France
| | - Maria Laura Ermini
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Valentina Frusca
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, 56127, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Agata Zamborlin
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, 56127, Italy
- NEST-Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Nicolas Signolle
- Gustave Roussy, Plateforme de pathologie expérimentale et translationnelle, UMS AMMICA, 114, rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif Cedex, 94805, France
| | - Olivia Bawa
- Gustave Roussy, Plateforme de pathologie expérimentale et translationnelle, UMS AMMICA, 114, rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif Cedex, 94805, France
| | - Céline Clémenson
- Gustave Roussy, INSERM U1030 Molecular Radiotherapy and Therapeutic Innovation, Université Paris Saclay, 114, rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif Cedex, 94805, France
| | - Lydia Meziani
- Gustave Roussy, INSERM U1030 Molecular Radiotherapy and Therapeutic Innovation, Université Paris Saclay, 114, rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif Cedex, 94805, France
| | - Paul Bergeron
- Gustave Roussy, INSERM U1030 Molecular Radiotherapy and Therapeutic Innovation, Université Paris Saclay, 114, rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif Cedex, 94805, France
| | - Ismail El-Azrak
- Gustave Roussy, INSERM U1030 Molecular Radiotherapy and Therapeutic Innovation, Université Paris Saclay, 114, rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif Cedex, 94805, France
| | - Patrizia Sarogni
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Enrico Mugnaioli
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, Via S. Maria 53, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Noemi Giannini
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, 56127, Italy
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Pisa University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana", Via Roma 67, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Giuliana Drava
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, Genoa, 16148, Italy
| | - Eric Deutsch
- Gustave Roussy, INSERM U1030 Molecular Radiotherapy and Therapeutic Innovation, Université Paris Saclay, 114, rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif Cedex, 94805, France
| | - Fabiola Paiar
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Pisa University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana", Via Roma 67, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Michele Mondini
- Gustave Roussy, INSERM U1030 Molecular Radiotherapy and Therapeutic Innovation, Université Paris Saclay, 114, rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif Cedex, 94805, France
| | - Valerio Voliani
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, 56127, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, Genoa, 16148, Italy
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Arnold CR, Mangesius J, Portnaia I, Ganswindt U, Wolff HA. Innovative therapeutic strategies to overcome radioresistance in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1379986. [PMID: 38873260 PMCID: PMC11169591 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1379986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite a comparatively favorable prognosis relative to other malignancies, breast cancer continues to significantly impact women's health globally, partly due to its high incidence rate. A critical factor in treatment failure is radiation resistance - the capacity of tumor cells to withstand high doses of ionizing radiation. Advancements in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying radioresistance, coupled with enhanced characterization of radioresistant cell clones, are paving the way for the development of novel treatment modalities that hold potential for future clinical application. In the context of combating radioresistance in breast cancer, potential targets of interest include long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), micro RNAs (miRNAs), and their associated signaling pathways, along with other signal transduction routes amenable to pharmacological intervention. Furthermore, technical, and methodological innovations, such as the integration of hyperthermia or nanoparticles with radiotherapy, have the potential to enhance treatment responses in patients with radioresistant breast cancer. This review endeavors to provide a comprehensive survey of the current scientific landscape, focusing on novel therapeutic advancements specifically addressing radioresistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julian Mangesius
- Department of Radiation-Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Iana Portnaia
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ute Ganswindt
- Department of Radiation-Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hendrik Andreas Wolff
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and Radiotherapy, Radiology Munich, Munich, Germany
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Hashmi K, Gupta S, Siddique A, Khan T, Joshi S. Medicinal applications of vanadium complexes with Schiff bases. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127245. [PMID: 37406475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Many transition metal complexes have been explored for their therapeutic properties after the discovery of cisplatin. Schiff bases have an efficient complexation tendency with the transition metals and several medicinal properties have been reported. However, fewer studies have reported the medicinal utility of vanadium and its Schiff base complexes. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of vanadium complexes with Schiff bases along with their mechanistic insight. Vanadium complexes in + 4 and + 5 oxidation states have exhibited well-defined geometry and found to be thermodynamically stable. The studies have reported the G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest and decreased delta psi m, inducing mitochondrial membrane depolarization in cancer cell lines along with the alterations in the metabolism of the cancer cells upon dosing with the vanadium complexes. Cancer cell invasion and growth are also found to be markedly reduced by peroxo complexes of vanadium. The studies included in the review paper have been taken from leading indexing databases and focus was laid on recent reports in literature. The biological potential of vanadium complexes of Schiff bases opens new horizons for future interdisciplinary studies and investigation focussed on understanding the biochemistry of these complexes, along with designing new complexes which have better bioavailability, solubility and low or non-toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulsum Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow, UP 226007, India
| | - Sakshi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow, UP 226007, India
| | - Armeen Siddique
- Department of Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow, UP 226007, India
| | - Tahmeena Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Lucknow, UP 226026, India
| | - Seema Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow, UP 226007, India.
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Mechanisms of Nanoscale Radiation Enhancement by Metal Nanoparticles: Role of Low Energy Electrons. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054697. [PMID: 36902132 PMCID: PMC10003700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles are considered as highly promising radiosensitizers in cancer radiotherapy. Understanding their radiosensitization mechanisms is critical for future clinical applications. This review is focused on the initial energy deposition by short-range Auger electrons; when high energy radiation is absorbed by gold nanoparticles (GNPs) located near vital biomolecules; such as DNA. Auger electrons and the subsequent production of secondary low energy electrons (LEEs) are responsible for most the ensuing chemical damage near such molecules. We highlight recent progress on DNA damage induced by the LEEs produced abundantly within about 100 nanometers from irradiated GNPs; and by those emitted by high energy electrons and X-rays incident on metal surfaces under differing atmospheric environments. LEEs strongly react within cells; mainly via bound breaking processes due to transient anion formation and dissociative electron attachment. The enhancement of damages induced in plasmid DNA by LEEs; with or without the binding of chemotherapeutic drugs; are explained by the fundamental mechanisms of LEE interactions with simple molecules and specific sites on nucleotides. We address the major challenge of metal nanoparticle and GNP radiosensitization; i.e., to deliver the maximum local dose of radiation to the most sensitive target of cancer cells (i.e., DNA). To achieve this goal the emitted electrons from the absorbed high energy radiation must be short range, and produce a large local density of LEEs, and the initial radiation must have the highest possible absorption coefficient compared to that of soft tissue (e.g., 20-80 keV X-rays).
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Repurposing Antimalarial Pyronaridine as a DNA Repair Inhibitor to Exploit the Full Potential of Gold-Nanoparticle-Mediated Radiation Response. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122795. [PMID: 36559288 PMCID: PMC9783290 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) is frequently used to locally treat tumors. One of the major issues in RT is normal tissue toxicity; thus, it is necessary to limit dose escalation for enhanced local control in patients that have locally advanced tumors. Integrating radiosensitizing agents such as gold nanoparticles (GNPs) into RT has been shown to greatly increase the cure rate of solid tumors. The objective of this study was to explore the repurposing of an antimalarial drug, pyronaridine (PYD), as a DNA repair inhibitor to further enhance RT/GNP-induced DNA damage in cancerous cell lines. We were able to achieve inhibitory effects of DNA repair due to PYD at 500 nM concentration. Our results show a significant enhancement in DNA double-strand breaks of 42% in HeLa cells treated with PYD/GNP/RT in comparison to GNP/RT alone when irradiated with a dose of 2 Gy. Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in cellular proliferation for both HeLa and HCT-116 irradiated cells with the combined treatment of PYD/GNP/RT. Therefore, the emergence of promising novel concepts introduced in this study could lay the foundation for the transition of this treatment modality into clinical environments.
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Quantifying Radiosensitization of PSMA-Targeted Gold Nanoparticles on Prostate Cancer Cells at Megavoltage Radiation Energies by Monte Carlo Simulation and Local Effect Model. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102205. [PMID: 36297640 PMCID: PMC9611822 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Active targeting gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are a very promising avenue for cancer treatment with many publications on AuNP mediated radiosensitization at kilovoltage (kV) photon energies. However, uncertainty on the effectiveness of AuNPs under clinically relevant megavoltage (MV) radiation energies hinders the clinical translation of AuNP-assisted radiation therapy (RT) paradigm. The aim of this study was to investigate radiosensitization mediated by PSMA-targeted AuNPs irradiated by a 6 MV radiation beam at different depths to explore feasibility of AuNP-assisted prostate cancer RT under clinically relevant conditions. PSMA-targeted AuNPs (PSMA-AuNPs) were synthesized by conjugating PSMA antibodies onto PEGylated AuNPs through EDC/NHS chemistry. Confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to verify the active targeting of the developed PSMA-AuNPs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to demonstrate the intracellular biodistribution of PSMA-AuNPs. LNCaP prostate cancer cells treated with PSMA-AuNPs were irradiated on a Varian 6 MV LINAC under varying depths (2.5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm) of solid water. Clonogenic assays were carried out to determine the in vitro cell survival fractions. A Monte Carlo (MC) model developed on TOPAS platform was then employed to determine the nano-scale radial dose distribution around AuNPs, which was subsequently used to predict the radiation dose response of LNCaP cells treated with AuNPs. Two different cell models, with AuNPs located within the whole cell or only in the cytoplasm, were used to assess how the intracellular PSMA-AuNP biodistribution impacts the prostate cancer radiosensitization. Then, MC-based microdosimetry was combined with the local effect model (LEM) to calculate cell survival fraction, which was benchmarked against the in vitro clonogenic assays at different depths. In vitro clonogenic assay of LNCaP cells demonstrated the depth dependence of AuNP radiosensitization under clinical megavoltage beams, with sensitization enhancement ratio (SER) of 1.14 ± 0.03 and 1.55 ± 0.05 at 2.5 cm depth and 30 cm depth, respectively. The MC microdosimetry model showed the elevated percent of low-energy photons in the MV beams at greater depth, consequently resulting in increased dose enhancement ratio (DER) of AuNPs with depth. The AuNP-induced DER reached ~5.7 and ~8.1 at depths of 2.5 cm and 30 cm, respectively. Microdosimetry based LEM accurately predicted the cell survival under 6 MV beams at different depths, for the cell model with AuNPs placed only in the cell cytoplasm. TEM results demonstrated the distribution of PSMA-AuNPs in the cytoplasm, confirming the accuracy of MC microdosimetry based LEM with modelled AuNPs distributed within the cytoplasm. We conclude that AuNP radiosensitization can be achieved under megavoltage clinical radiotherapy energies with a dependence on tumor depth. Furthermore, the combination of Monte Carlo microdosimetry and LEM will be a valuable tool to assist with developing AuNP-aided radiotherapy paradigm and drive clinical translation.
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Rehman AU, Hassan M, Bano S, Farooq K, Raza A, Naeem Anjum M. In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility study of polyacrylate TiO 2@Ag coated nanoparticles for the radiation dose enhancement. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 49:185-193. [PMID: 33620276 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2021.1889574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy, functionalised core-shell nanoparticles (CS NPs) are used as a radiosensitizer. These NPs can act as a therapeutic agent and carrier for other therapeutic agents. In this study, the first poly-acrylic acid modified silver-coated titanium dioxide NPs were fabricated to evaluate the radiation dose enhancement within the human tissue equivalent polymer gel after investigating the biocompatibility. Macrophage cell line and rats model were used for in vitro and in vivo study respectively. Two different beam qualities were applied to quantify the radiation dose enhancement with different concentrations of NPs in the polymer gel. The dose enhancement factors (DEFs) indicated that these biocompatible CS NPs are more effective for the radiation dose enhancement at low energy x-rays (80 kV) as compared to the high energy gamma (1.25 MeV Co60). These results suggested that functionalised core-shell silver-coated titanium dioxide NPs have great potential as a radiosensitizer in radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ateeque Ur Rehman
- Medical Physics Group, Department of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland Brisbane, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Muhammad Hassan
- Medical Physics Group, Department of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Bano
- Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Khizir Farooq
- Medical Physics Group, Department of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Aun Raza
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland Brisbane, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Muhammad Naeem Anjum
- Medical Physics Group, Department of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Gao Y, Zheng Y, Sanche L. Low-Energy Electron Damage to Condensed-Phase DNA and Its Constituents. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7879. [PMID: 34360644 PMCID: PMC8345953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex physical and chemical reactions between the large number of low-energy (0-30 eV) electrons (LEEs) released by high energy radiation interacting with genetic material can lead to the formation of various DNA lesions such as crosslinks, single strand breaks, base modifications, and cleavage, as well as double strand breaks and other cluster damages. When crosslinks and cluster damages cannot be repaired by the cell, they can cause genetic loss of information, mutations, apoptosis, and promote genomic instability. Through the efforts of many research groups in the past two decades, the study of the interaction between LEEs and DNA under different experimental conditions has unveiled some of the main mechanisms responsible for these damages. In the present review, we focus on experimental investigations in the condensed phase that range from fundamental DNA constituents to oligonucleotides, synthetic duplex DNA, and bacterial (i.e., plasmid) DNA. These targets were irradiated either with LEEs from a monoenergetic-electron or photoelectron source, as sub-monolayer, monolayer, or multilayer films and within clusters or water solutions. Each type of experiment is briefly described, and the observed DNA damages are reported, along with the proposed mechanisms. Defining the role of LEEs within the sequence of events leading to radiobiological lesions contributes to our understanding of the action of radiation on living organisms, over a wide range of initial radiation energies. Applications of the interaction of LEEs with DNA to radiotherapy are briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;
| | - Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;
| | - Léon Sanche
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et Radiobiologie et Centre de Recherche Clinique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada;
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A deep learning approach to gold nanoparticle quantification in computed tomography. Phys Med 2021; 87:83-89. [PMID: 34120072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Deep learning (DL) is used to classify, detect, and quantify gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in a human-sized phantom with a clinical MDCT scanner. METHODS AuNPs were imaged at concentrations between 0.0274 and 200 mgAu/mL in a 33 cm phantom. 1 mm-thick CT image slices were acquired at 120 kVp with a CTDIvol of 23.6 mGy. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained on 544 images to classify 17 different tissue types and AuNP concentrations. A second set of 544 images was then used for testing. RESULTS AuNPs were classified with 95% accuracy at 0.1095 mgAu/mL and 97% accuracy at 0.2189 mgAu/mL. Both these concentrations are lower than what humans can visually perceive (0.3-1.4 mgAu/mL). AuNP concentrations were also classified with 95% accuracy at 150 and 200 mgAu/mL. These high concentrations result in CT numbers that are at or above the 12-bit limit for CT's dynamic range where extended Hounsfield scales are otherwise required for measuring differences in contrast. CONCLUSIONS We have shown that DL can be used to detect AuNPs at concentrations lower than what humans can visually perceive and can also quantify very high AuNP concentrations that exceed the typical 12-bit dynamic range of clinical MDCT scanners. This second finding is possible due to inhomogeneous AuNP distributions and characteristic streak artifacts. It may even be possible to extend this approach beyond AuNP imaging in CT for quantifying high density objects without extended Hounsfield scales.
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Longo E, Sancey L, Cedola A, Barbier EL, Bravin A, Brun F, Bukreeva I, Fratini M, Massimi L, Greving I, Le Duc G, Tillement O, De La Rochefoucauld O, Zeitoun P. 3D Spatial Distribution of Nanoparticles in Mice Brain Metastases by X-ray Phase-Contrast Tomography. Front Oncol 2021; 11:554668. [PMID: 34113554 PMCID: PMC8185349 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.554668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterizing nanoparticles (NPs) distribution in multiple and complex metastases is of fundamental relevance for the development of radiological protocols based on NPs administration. In the literature, there have been advances in monitoring NPs in tissues. However, the lack of 3D information is still an issue. X-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT) is a 3D label-free, non-invasive and multi-scale approach allowing imaging anatomical details with high spatial and contrast resolutions. Here an XPCT qualitative study on NPs distribution in a mouse brain model of melanoma metastases injected with gadolinium-based NPs for theranostics is presented. For the first time, XPCT images show the NPs uptake at micrometer resolution over the full brain. Our results revealed a heterogeneous distribution of the NPs inside the melanoma metastases, bridging the gap in spatial resolution between magnetic resonance imaging and histology. Our findings demonstrated that XPCT is a reliable technique for NPs detection and can be considered as an emerging method for the study of NPs distribution in organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Longo
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Materials Physics, Geesthacht, Germany.,Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée UMR7639, ENSTA-CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique IP Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Lucie Sancey
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences U1209 UMR5309 UGA, Allée des Alpes-Site Santé, La Tronche, France
| | | | - Emmanuel L Barbier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, GIN, Grenoble, France
| | - Alberto Bravin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Inna Bukreeva
- Institute of Nanotechnology-CNR, Rome-Unit, Rome, Italy.,P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michela Fratini
- Institute of Nanotechnology-CNR, Rome-Unit, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Massimi
- Institute of Nanotechnology-CNR, Rome-Unit, Rome, Italy.,Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Imke Greving
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Materials Physics, Geesthacht, Germany
| | | | - Olivier Tillement
- Institut lumière-matière, UMR5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Philippe Zeitoun
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée UMR7639, ENSTA-CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique IP Paris, Palaiseau, France
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12
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Combining Gold Nanoparticles with Other Radiosensitizing Agents for Unlocking the Full Potential of Cancer Radiotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040442. [PMID: 33805917 PMCID: PMC8064393 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
About half of cancer patients (50%) receive radiotherapy (RT) for the treatment of local tumors. However, one of the main obstacles in RT is the close proximity of adjacent organs at risk, resulting in treatment doses being limited by significant tissue toxicity, hence preventing the necessary dose escalation that would guarantee local control. Effective local cancer therapy is needed to avoid progression of tumors and to decrease the development of systemic metastases which may further increase the possibility of resection. In an effort to do so, radiosensitizing agents are introduced to further increase damage to the tumor while minimizing normal tissue toxicity. Cisplatin and docetaxel (DTX) are currently being used as radiation dose enhancers in RT. Recent research shows the potential of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as a radiosensitizing agent. GNPs are biocompatible and have been tested in phase I clinical trials. The focus will be on exploring the effects of adding other radiosensitizing agents such as DTX and cisplatin to the GNP-RT platform. Therefore, a combined use of local radiosensitizing agents, such as GNPs, with currently available radiosensitizing drugs could make a significant impact in future RT. The ultimate goal is to develop treatments that have limited or nonexistent side effects to improve the quality of life of all cancer patients.
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Schuemann J, Bagley AF, Berbeco R, Bromma K, Butterworth KT, Byrne HL, Chithrani BD, Cho SH, Cook JR, Favaudon V, Gholami YH, Gargioni E, Hainfeld JF, Hespeels F, Heuskin AC, Ibeh UM, Kuncic Z, Kunjachan S, Lacombe S, Lucas S, Lux F, McMahon S, Nevozhay D, Ngwa W, Payne JD, Penninckx S, Porcel E, Prise KM, Rabus H, Ridwan SM, Rudek B, Sanche L, Singh B, Smilowitz HM, Sokolov KV, Sridhar S, Stanishevskiy Y, Sung W, Tillement O, Virani N, Yantasee W, Krishnan S. Roadmap for metal nanoparticles in radiation therapy: current status, translational challenges, and future directions. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:21RM02. [PMID: 32380492 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab9159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This roadmap outlines the potential roles of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the field of radiation therapy. MNPs made up of a wide range of materials (from Titanium, Z = 22, to Bismuth, Z = 83) and a similarly wide spectrum of potential clinical applications, including diagnostic, therapeutic (radiation dose enhancers, hyperthermia inducers, drug delivery vehicles, vaccine adjuvants, photosensitizers, enhancers of immunotherapy) and theranostic (combining both diagnostic and therapeutic), are being fabricated and evaluated. This roadmap covers contributions from experts in these topics summarizing their view of the current status and challenges, as well as expected advancements in technology to address these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schuemann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States of America
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14
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Felicetti S, Fregoni J, Schnappinger T, Reiter S, de Vivie-Riedle R, Feist J. Photoprotecting Uracil by Coupling with Lossy Nanocavities. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:8810-8818. [PMID: 32914984 PMCID: PMC7569670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We analyze how the photorelaxation dynamics of a molecule can be controlled by modifying its electromagnetic environment using a nanocavity mode. In particular, we consider the photorelaxation of the RNA nucleobase uracil, which is the natural mechanism to prevent photodamage. In our theoretical work, we identify the operative conditions in which strong coupling with the cavity mode can open an efficient photoprotective channel, resulting in a relaxation dynamics twice as fast as the natural one. We rely on a state-of-the-art chemically detailed molecular model and a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian propagation approach to perform full-quantum simulations of the system dissipative dynamics. By focusing on the photon decay, our analysis unveils the active role played by cavity-induced dissipative processes in modifying chemical reaction rates, in the context of molecular polaritonics. Remarkably, we find that the photorelaxation efficiency is maximized when an optimal trade-off between light-matter coupling strength and photon decay rate is satisfied. This result is in contrast with the common intuition that increasing the quality factor of nanocavities and plasmonic devices improves their performance. Finally, we use a detailed model of a metal nanoparticle to show that the speedup of the uracil relaxation could be observed via coupling with a nanosphere pseudomode, without requiring the implementation of complex nanophotonic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Felicetti
- Istituto
di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (IFN-CNR), Milano, Italy
- Departamento
de Física Teórica
de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jacopo Fregoni
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Fisiche, Informatiche e Matematiche, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Sebastian Reiter
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München, München, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Feist
- Departamento
de Física Teórica
de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Advances in Gold Nanoparticle-Based Combined Cancer Therapy. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091671. [PMID: 32858957 PMCID: PMC7557687 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
According to the global cancer observatory (GLOBOCAN), there are approximately 18 million new cancer cases per year worldwide. Cancer therapies are largely limited to surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. In radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the maximum tolerated dose is presently being used to treat cancer patients. The integrated development of innovative nanoparticle (NP) based approaches will be a key to address one of the main issues in both radiotherapy and chemotherapy: normal tissue toxicity. Among other inorganic NP systems, gold nanoparticle (GNP) based systems offer the means to further improve chemotherapy through controlled delivery of chemotherapeutics, while local radiotherapy dose can be enhanced by targeting the GNPs to the tumor. There have been over 20 nanotechnology-based therapeutic products approved for clinical use in the past two decades. Hence, the goal of this review is to understand what we have achieved so far and what else we can do to accelerate clinical use of GNP-based therapeutic platforms to minimize normal tissue toxicity while increasing the efficacy of the treatment. Nanomedicine will revolutionize future cancer treatment options and our ultimate goal should be to develop treatments that have minimum side effects, for improving the quality of life of all cancer patients.
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16
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Charest G, Tippayamontri T, Shi M, Wehbe M, Anantha M, Bally M, Sanche L. Concomitant Chemoradiation Therapy with Gold Nanoparticles and Platinum Drugs Co-Encapsulated in Liposomes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4848. [PMID: 32659905 PMCID: PMC7402338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A liposomal formulation of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and carboplatin, named LipoGold, was produced with the staggered herringbone microfluidic method. The radiosensitizing potential of LipoGold and similar concentrations of non-liposomal GNPs, carboplatin and oxaliplatin was evaluated in vitro with the human colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 in a clonogenic assay. Progression of HCT116 tumor implanted subcutaneously in NU/NU mice was monitored after an irradiation of 10 Gy combined with either LipoGold, GNPs or carboplatin injected directly into the tumor by convection-enhanced delivery. Radiosensitization by GNPs alone or carboplatin alone was observed only at high concentrations of these compounds. Furthermore, low doses of carboplatin alone or a combination of carboplatin and GNPs did not engender radiosensitization. However, the same low doses of carboplatin and GNPs administered simultaneously by encapsulation in liposomal nanocarriers (LipoGold) led to radiosensitization and efficient control of cell proliferation. Our study shows that the radiosensitizing effect of a combination of carboplatin and GNPs is remarkably more efficient when both compounds are simultaneously delivered to the tumor cells using a liposomal carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Charest
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology and Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (T.T.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Thititip Tippayamontri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology and Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (T.T.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
- Department of Radiological Technology and Medical Physics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Minghan Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology and Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (T.T.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Mohamed Wehbe
- British Columbia Cancer Agency (BCCA), Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada; (M.W.); (M.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Malathi Anantha
- British Columbia Cancer Agency (BCCA), Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada; (M.W.); (M.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Marcel Bally
- British Columbia Cancer Agency (BCCA), Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada; (M.W.); (M.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Léon Sanche
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology and Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (T.T.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
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17
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Modulation of the Microtubule Network for Optimization of Nanoparticle Dynamics for the Advancement of Cancer Nanomedicine. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:bioengineering7020056. [PMID: 32545909 PMCID: PMC7355834 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7020056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have shown promise in both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. NPs are mainly transported along cellular microtubules (MTs). Docetaxel (DTX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug that can manipulate the cellular MT network to maximize its clinical benefit. However, the effect of DTX on NP behaviour has not yet been fully elucidated. We used gold NPs of diameters 15 and 50 nm at a concentration of 0.2 nM to investigate the size dependence of NP behaviour. Meanwhile, DTX concentrations of 0, 10 and 50 nM were used to uphold clinical relevance. Our study reveals that a concentration of 50 nM DTX increased NP uptake by ~50% and their retention by ~90% compared to cells treated with 0 and 10 nM DTX. Smaller NPs had a 20-fold higher uptake in cells treated with 50 nM DTX vs. 0 and 10 nM DTX. With the treatment of 50 nm DTX, the cells became more spherical in shape, and NPs were redistributed closer to the nucleus. A significant increase in NP uptake and retention along with their intracellular distribution closer to the nucleus with 50 nM DTX could be exploited to target a higher dose to the most important target, the nucleus in both radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
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18
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Liu J, Zhang W, Kumar A, Rong X, Yang W, Chen H, Xie J, Wang Y. Acridine Orange Encapsulated Mesoporous Manganese Dioxide Nanoparticles to Enhance Radiotherapy. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 31:82-92. [PMID: 31809019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanoparticles are a promising type of radiosensitizer for they can catalyze H2O2 decomposition to produce O2. Combining MnO2 nanoparticles with conventional, small molecule radiosensitizers would further enhance radiotherapy (RT) efficacy due to complementary mechanisms of action. However, solid MnO2 nanoparticles are suboptimal at drug loading, limiting the related progress. Herein we report a facile method to synthesize mesoporous MnO2 (mMnO2) nanoparticles, which can efficiently encapsulate small molecule therapeutics. In particular, we found that acridine orange (AO), a small molecule radiosensitizer, can be loaded onto mMnO2 nanoparticles at very high efficiency and released to the surroundings in a controlled fashion. We show that mMnO2 nanoparticles can efficiently produce O2 inside cells. This, together with AO-induced DNA damage, significantly enhances RT outcomes, which was validated both in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, mMnO2 nanoparticles slowly degrade in acidic environments to release Mn2+, providing a facile way to keep track of the nanoparticles through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Overall, our studies suggest mMnO2 as a promising nanoplatform that can be exploited to produce composite radiosensitizers for RT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weizhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | | | - Wei Yang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Hongmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Fujian 361102 , China
| | - Jin Xie
- Department of Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
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19
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20
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Tsiamas P, Brown SL, Chetty IJ, Kim JH, Isrow D. Dosimetric evaluation and beam characterization of pair production enhanced radiotherapy (PPER) with the use of organometallics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 64:075014. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab103a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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21
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Kunoh T, Shimura T, Kasai T, Matsumoto S, Mahmud H, Khayrani AC, Seno M, Kunoh H, Takada J. Use of DNA-generated gold nanoparticles to radiosensitize and eradicate radioresistant glioma stem cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:055101. [PMID: 30499457 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaedd5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The surface reactivity of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is receiving attention as a radiosensitizer of cancer cells for radiation therapy and/or as a drug carrier to target cells. This study demonstrates the potential of DNA-AuNPs (prepared by mixing calf thymus DNA with HAuCl4 solution) as a radiosensitizer of human glioma cells that have cancer stem cell (CSC)-like properties, to reduce their survival. CSC-like U251MG-P1 cells and their parental glioblastoma U251MG cells are treated with a prepared DNA-AuNP colloid. The radiosensitivity of the resultant AuNP-associated cells are significantly enhanced. To reveal the mechanism by which survival is reduced, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis induction, or DNA damage in the cells is assayed using the fluorescent dye DCFDA, annexin V-FITC/PI, and foci formation of γ-H2AX, respectively. X-ray irradiation with administration of AuNPs overcomes the radioresistance of U251MG-P1 cells. It does not induce ROS generation or apoptosis in the cells but enhances the number of abnormal nuclei with abundant γ-H2AX foci, which is judged as cell death by mitotic catastrophe. The AuNP association with the cells effectively induces mitotic catastrophe in x-ray-irradiated CSC-like cells, implicating that DNA-AuNPs might be a promising tool to develop an efficient radiosensitizer against CSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Kunoh
- Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan. Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
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22
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Cai Y, Zhou L, Gao Y, Liu W, Shao Y, Zheng Y. Contribution of Base Damages to the Molecular Radiosensitization Mechanism of Platinum Chemotherapeutic Drugs. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Cai
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, S; tate Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350116 P.R. China
| | - Limei Zhou
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, S; tate Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350116 P.R. China
| | - Yingxia Gao
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, S; tate Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350116 P.R. China
| | - Wenhui Liu
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, S; tate Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350116 P.R. China
| | - Yu Shao
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, S; tate Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350116 P.R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, S; tate Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350116 P.R. China
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23
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Sarria GR, Berenguer Francés MÁ, Linares Galiana I. Enhancing radiotherapy effect in breast cancer with nanoparticles: A review. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2018; 24:65-67. [PMID: 30479580 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Amongst all efforts for improving oncological management outcomes, nanoparticles enhanced radiation for breast cancer patient's treatment is a novel approach that has grown interest for research in the last decade. Multiple preclinical data has been published, from all around the globe; however, clinical evidence is still insufficient for implementing the method in routine practice and in disease specific management. Gold nanoparticles (AuNP), which may be among the most studed materials, account for the majority of available data; however, some new materials have also been used in preclinical settings. Without any safety data available at the moment to support an active use, dosimetric in vitro and in vivo information seems to be consistent with a very promising and hopeful panorama for clinical applications. This review evaluates existing dosimetric data in breast cancer tissue, and a probable future impact in treatment choices and patient outcomes, as further investigation is required in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo R Sarria
- Radiotherapy Department, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Peru.,Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Radioonkologie, Germany
| | | | - Isabel Linares Galiana
- Radiotherapy Department, Catalan Oncology Institute (ICO)-IDIBELL. Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Borran AA, Aghanejad A, Farajollahi A, Barar J, Omidi Y. Gold nanoparticles for radiosensitizing and imaging of cancer cells. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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25
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Li J, Shang W, Li Y, Fu S, Tian J, Lu L. Advanced nanomaterials targeting hypoxia to enhance radiotherapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:5925-5936. [PMID: 30319257 PMCID: PMC6171520 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s173914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia within solid tumors is often responsible for the failure of radiotherapy. The development of hypoxia-targeting nanomaterials - aimed at enhancing the effect of radiotherapy by electrical or heat effects and at modulating hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment - is a promising strategy to address this issue. We provide an overview of recently developed advanced materials that potentiate radiotherapy. First, we summarize novel materials for oxygen delivery or production to modify the tumor microenvironment, thus improving the effects of ionizing radiation. Second, we present new approaches for the design of high-Z element-based multifunctional nanoplatforms to enhance radiotherapy. Third, novel drug delivery systems for hypoxic regions and hypoxia-inducible factor-1-targeted therapies are discussed. Fourth, we establish the effectiveness of X-ray- or near-infrared-responsive nanoparticles for selectively triggering therapeutic effects under hypoxic conditions. Finally, this review emphasizes the importance of research in the field of nanomedicine focused on tumor hypoxia to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, China,
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing, China,
| | - Wenting Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing, China,
| | - Yong Li
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, China,
| | - Sirui Fu
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, China,
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing, China,
| | - Jie Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing, China,
| | - Ligong Lu
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, China,
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26
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Evaluation of effect of functionalized gold nanoparticles with a partial negative charge on stability of DNA molecule: a study of molecular dynamics simulation. Struct Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-018-1123-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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27
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Kawahara D, Nakano H, Ozawa S, Saito A, Kimura T, Suzuki T, Tsuneda M, Tanaka S, Ohno Y, Murakami Y, Nagata Y. Relative biological effectiveness study of Lipiodol based on microdosimetric-kinetic model. Phys Med 2018. [PMID: 29519415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examine the contrast agent Lipiodol effect on the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values for flattening filter free (FFF) and flattening filter (FF) beams of 6 MV-Xray (6 MVX) and 10 MVX. METHODS Lipiodol was placed at 5 cm depth in water. According to the microdosimetric kinetic model, the RBE values for killing the human liver hepatocellular cells were calculated from dose and lineal energy (yd(y)) from Monte Carlo simulations. RBE200kVX and RBECo were defined as the ratios of dose using reference radiation (200 kVX, Co-ɤ) to the dose of test radiation (FFF and FF beams for 6 MV and 10 MV) to produce the same biological effects. The dose enhancement RBE (RBEDE) was defined as the ratios of a dose without Lipiodol to with Lipiodol using to produce the same biological effects. The dose needed to achieve 10% (D10%) and 1% cell survival (D1%) was evaluated by cell surviving fraction (SF) formula. RESULTS The deviation of mean y‾D values with and without Lipiodol were 3.9-4.8% for 6 MVX and 3.5-3.6% for 10 MVX. The RBE200kVX and RBECo with Lipiodol were larger than that without Lipiodol. The RBEDE was larger for FFF beam than for FF beam. The deviation of RBEDE for FFF and FF beams of 6 MVX was larger than that of 10 MVX. CONCLUSION The presence of Lipiodol seemed to locally increase the absorbed dose and to also cause an enhancement of the relative biological effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kawahara
- Radiation Therapy Section, Department of Clinical Support, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; Medical and Dental Sciences Course, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Nakano
- Hiroshima Heiwa Clinic, State of the Art Treatment Center, 1-31 Kawara-machi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 730-0856, Japan
| | - Shuichi Ozawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; Hiroshima High-Precision Radiotherapy Cancer Center, 10-52 Motomachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 730-8511, Japan
| | - Akito Saito
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kimura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Suzuki
- Medical and Dental Sciences Course, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masato Tsuneda
- Medical and Dental Sciences Course, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Sodai Tanaka
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Ohno
- Radiation Therapy Section, Department of Clinical Support, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yuji Murakami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nagata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; Hiroshima High-Precision Radiotherapy Cancer Center, 10-52 Motomachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 730-8511, Japan
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Ramrakhiani L, Ghosh S. Metallic nanoparticle synthesised by biological route: safer candidate for diverse applications. IET Nanobiotechnol 2018; 12:392-404. [PMID: 29768220 PMCID: PMC8676404 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2017.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) involves greater prospect; however, a detailed review is required for ecofriendly, faster and stable NP formulation in large scale for different commercial applications. The present article highlighted recent updates on biological route of single and bimetallic NP synthesis wherein the chemical reducing agents are eliminated and biological entities are utilised to convert metal ions to NPs. Application of the biological reducing agents ranging from bacteria to fungi and even natural plant extracts have emerged as eco-friendly and cost-effective routes for the synthesis of metal nanomaterials. Potential applications of such NPs, a wide range of analytical techniques used for characterisation and factors influencing the synthesis of NPs are focused. Further, elucidation of the mechanisms associated with the NP formation using microorganisms, as well as plant-based materials are analysed which would be helpful for wide range of readers in the field of NP research for future selection and commercial implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lata Ramrakhiani
- Ceramic Membrane Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Sourja Ghosh
- Ceramic Membrane Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India.
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29
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Schürmann R, Vogel S, Ebel K, Bald I. The Physico-Chemical Basis of DNA Radiosensitization: Implications for Cancer Radiation Therapy. Chemistry 2018. [PMID: 29522244 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
High-energy radiation is used in combination with radiosensitizing therapeutics to treat cancer. The most common radiosensitizers are halogenated nucleosides and cisplatin derivatives, and recently also metal nanoparticles have been suggested as potential radiosensitizing agents. The radiosensitizing action of these compounds can at least partly be ascribed to an enhanced reactivity towards secondary low-energy electrons generated along the radiation track of the high-energy primary radiation, or to an additional emission of secondary reactive electrons close to the tumor tissue. This is referred to as physico-chemical radiosensitization. In this Concept article we present current experimental methods used to study fundamental processes of physico-chemical radiosensitization and discuss the most relevant classes of radiosensitizers. Open questions in the current discussions are identified and future directions outlined, which can lead to optimized treatment protocols or even novel therapeutic concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Schürmann
- Institute of Chemistry-Physical Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Department 1-Analytical Chemistry and Reference Materials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Vogel
- Institute of Chemistry-Physical Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Department 1-Analytical Chemistry and Reference Materials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kenny Ebel
- Institute of Chemistry-Physical Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Department 1-Analytical Chemistry and Reference Materials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilko Bald
- Institute of Chemistry-Physical Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Department 1-Analytical Chemistry and Reference Materials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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30
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Izanloo C. Effect of gold nanoparticle on stability of the DNA molecule: A study of molecular dynamics simulation. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 36:571-582. [PMID: 28949808 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2017.1353697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An understanding of the mechanism of DNA interactions with gold nanoparticles is useful in today medicine applications. We have performed a molecular dynamics simulation on a B-DNA duplex (CCTCAGGCCTCC) in the vicinity of a gold nanoparticle with a truncated octahedron structure composed of 201 gold atoms (diameter ∼1.8 nm) to investigate gold nanoparticle (GNP) effects on the stability of DNA. During simulation, the nanoparticle is closed to DNA and phosphate groups direct the particles into the major grooves of the DNA molecule. Because of peeling and untwisting states that are occur at end of DNA, the nucleotide base lies flat on the surface of GNP. The configuration entropy is estimated using the covariance matrix of atom-positional fluctuations for different bases. The results show that when a gold nanoparticle has interaction with DNA, entropy increases. The results of conformational energy and the hydrogen bond numbers for DNA indicated that DNA becomes unstable in the vicinity of a gold nanoparticle. The radial distribution function was calculated for water hydrogen-phosphate oxygen pairs. Almost for all nucleotide, the presence of a nanoparticle around DNA caused water molecules to be released from the DNA duplex and cations were close to the DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cobra Izanloo
- a Department of Chemistry, Bojnourd Branch , Islamic Azad University , Bojnourd , Iran
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31
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Cui L, Her S, Borst GR, Bristow RG, Jaffray DA, Allen C. Radiosensitization by gold nanoparticles: Will they ever make it to the clinic? Radiother Oncol 2017; 124:344-356. [PMID: 28784439 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as radiosensitizers has shown great promise in pre-clinical research. In the current review, the physical, chemical, and biological pathways via which AuNPs enhance the effects of radiation are presented and discussed. In particular, the impact of AuNPs on the 5 Rs in radiobiology, namely repair, reoxygenation, redistribution, repopulation, and intrinsic radiosensitivity, which determine the extent of radiation enhancement effects are elucidated. Key findings from previous studies are outlined. In addition, crucial parameters including the physicochemical properties of AuNPs, route of administration, dosing schedule of AuNPs and irradiation, as well as type of radiation therapy, are highlighted; the optimal selection and combination of these parameters enable the achievement of a greater therapeutic window for AuNP sensitized radiotherapy. Future directions are put forward as a means to provide guidelines for successful translation of AuNPs to clinical applications as radiosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Sohyoung Her
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Gerben R Borst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert G Bristow
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Canada; Ontario Cancer Institute/Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; STTARR Innovation Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - David A Jaffray
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Canada; STTARR Innovation Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; TECHNA Institute and Department of Radiation Physics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Department of Radiation Physics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Christine Allen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Canada; STTARR Innovation Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada.
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32
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Ghosh PR, Fawcett D, Sharma SB, Poinern GEJ. Production of High-Value Nanoparticles via Biogenic Processes Using Aquacultural and Horticultural Food Waste. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 10:E852. [PMID: 28773212 PMCID: PMC5578218 DOI: 10.3390/ma10080852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The quantities of organic waste produced globally by aquacultural and horticulture are extremely large and offer an attractive renewable source of biomolecules and bioactive compounds. The availability of such large and diverse sources of waste materials creates a unique opportunity to develop new recycling and food waste utilisation strategies. The aim of this review is to report the current status of research in the emerging field of producing high-value nanoparticles from food waste. Eco-friendly biogenic processes are quite rapid, and are usually carried out at normal room temperature and pressure. These alternative clean technologies do not rely on the use of the toxic chemicals and solvents commonly associated with traditional nanoparticle manufacturing processes. The relatively small number of research articles in the field have been surveyed and evaluated. Among the diversity of waste types, promising candidates and their ability to produce various high-value nanoparticles are discussed. Experimental parameters, nanoparticle characteristics and potential applications for nanoparticles in pharmaceuticals and biomedical applications are discussed. In spite of the advantages, there are a number of challenges, including nanoparticle reproducibility and understanding the formation mechanisms between different food waste products. Thus, there is considerable scope and opportunity for further research in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purabi R Ghosh
- Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Physics, Energy Studies and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia.
| | - Derek Fawcett
- Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Physics, Energy Studies and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia.
| | - Shashi B Sharma
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, 3 Baron Hay Court, South Perth, Western Australia 6151, Australia.
| | - Gerrard E J Poinern
- Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Physics, Energy Studies and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia.
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33
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Her S, Jaffray DA, Allen C. Gold nanoparticles for applications in cancer radiotherapy: Mechanisms and recent advancements. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 109:84-101. [PMID: 26712711 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerged as novel radiosensitizers owing to their high X-ray absorption, synthetic versatility, and unique chemical, electronic and optical properties. Multi-disciplinary research performed over the past decade has demonstrated the potential of AuNP-based radiosensitizers, and identified possible mechanisms underlying the observed radiation enhancement effects of AuNPs. Despite promising findings from pre-clinical studies, the benefits of AuNP radiosensitization have yet to successfully translate into clinical practice. In this review, we present an overview of the current state of AuNP-based radiosensitization in the context of the physical, chemical and biological modes of radiosensitization. As well, recent advancements that focus on formulation design and enable multi-modality treatment and clinical utilization are discussed, concluding with design considerations to guide the development of next generation AuNPs for clinical applications.
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Cui L, Her S, Dunne M, Borst GR, De Souza R, Bristow RG, Jaffray DA, Allen C. Significant Radiation Enhancement Effects by Gold Nanoparticles in Combination with Cisplatin in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells and Tumor Xenografts. Radiat Res 2017; 187:147-160. [PMID: 28085639 DOI: 10.1667/rr14578.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and cisplatin have been explored in concomitant chemoradiotherapy, wherein they elicit their effects by distinct and overlapping mechanisms. Cisplatin is one of the most frequently utilized radiosensitizers in the clinical setting; however, the therapeutic window of cisplatin-aided chemoradiotherapy is limited by its toxicity. The goal of this study was to determine whether AuNPs contribute to improving the treatment response when combined with fractionated cisplatin-based chemoradiation in both in vitro and in vivo models of triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231Luc+). Cellular-targeting AuNPs with receptor-mediated endocytosis (AuNP-RME) in vitro at a noncytotoxic concentration (0.5 mg/ml) or cisplatin at IC25 (12 μM) demonstrated dose enhancement factors (DEFs) of 1.25 and 1.14, respectively; the combination of AuNP-RME and cisplatin resulted in a significant DEF of 1.39 in vitro. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed effective cellular uptake of AuNPs at tumor sites 24 h after intratumoral infusion. Computed tomography (CT) images demonstrated that the intratumoral levels of gold remained stable up to 120 h after infusion. AuNPs (0.5 mg gold per tumor) demonstrated a radiation enhancement effect that was equivalent to three doses of cisplatin at IC25 (4 mg/kg), but did not induce intrinsic toxicity or increased radiotoxicity. Results from this study suggest that AuNPs are the true radiosensitizer in these settings. Importantly, AuNPs enhance the treatment response when combined with cisplatin-based fractionated chemoradiation. This combination of AuNPs and cisplatin provides a promising approach to improving the therapeutic ratio of fractionated radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cui
- Departments of a Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Sohyoung Her
- Departments of a Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Michael Dunne
- Departments of a Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Gerben R Borst
- d Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Raquel De Souza
- Departments of a Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Robert G Bristow
- b Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics and.,e Ontario Cancer Institute.,f STTARR Innovation Centre, Radiation Medicine Program
| | - David A Jaffray
- b Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics and.,c Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,f STTARR Innovation Centre, Radiation Medicine Program.,g TECHNA Institute and.,h Department of Radiation Physics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine Allen
- Departments of a Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy.,c Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,f STTARR Innovation Centre, Radiation Medicine Program
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35
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A Review of Current Research into the Biogenic Synthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles via Marine Algae and Seagrasses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/8013850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Today there is a growing need to develop reliable, sustainable, and ecofriendly protocols for manufacturing a wide range of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. The biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles via nanobiotechnology based techniques has the potential to deliver clean manufacturing technologies. These new clean technologies can significantly reduce environmental contamination and decease the hazards to human health resulting from the use of toxic chemicals and solvents currently used in conventional industrial fabrication processes. The largely unexplored marine environment that covers approximately 70% of the earth’s surface is home to many naturally occurring and renewable marine plants. The present review summarizes current research into the biogenic synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles via marine algae (commonly known as seaweeds) and seagrasses. Both groups of marine plants contain a wide variety of biologically active compounds and secondary metabolites that enables these plants to act as biological factories for the manufacture of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles.
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36
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Sanche L. Interaction of low energy electrons with DNA: Applications to cancer radiation therapy. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sun L, Joh DY, Al-Zaki A, Stangl M, Murty S, Davis JJ, Baumann BC, Alonso-Basanta M, Kaol GD, Tsourkas A, Dorsey JF. Theranostic Application of Mixed Gold and Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Micelles in Glioblastoma Multiforme. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2016; 12:347-56. [PMID: 27305768 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2016.2173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of glioblastoma multiforme, the most prevalent and lethal form of brain cancer in humans, has been limited in part by poor delivery of drugs through the blood-brain barrier and by unclear delineation of the extent of infiltrating tumor margins. Nanoparticles, which selectively accumulate in tumor tissue due to their leaky vasculature and the enhanced permeability and retention effect, have shown promise as both therapeutic and diagnostic agents for brain tumors. In particular, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been leveraged as T2-weighted MRI contrast agents for tumor detection and imaging; and gold nanoparticles (AuNP) have been demonstrated as radiosensitizers capable of propagating electron and free radical-induced radiation damage to tumor cells. In this study, we investigated the potential applications of novel gold and SPION-loaded micelles (GSMs) coated by polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone (PEG-PCL) polymer. By quantifying gh2ax DNA damage foci in glioblastoma cell lines, we tested the radiosensitizing efficacy of these GSMs, and found that GSM administration in conjunction with radiation therapy (RT) led to ~2-fold increase in density of double-stranded DNA breaks. For imaging, we used GSMs as a contrast agent for both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of stereotactically implanted GBM tumors in a mouse model, and found that MRI but not CT was sufficiently sensitive to detect and delineate tumor borders after administration and accumulation of GSMs. These results suggest that with further development and testing, GSMs may potentially be integrated into both imaging and treatment of brain tumors, serving a theranostic purpose as both an MRI-based contrast agent and a radiosensitizer.
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38
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Nanoparticles in radiation oncology: From bench-side to bedside. Cancer Lett 2016; 375:256-262. [PMID: 26987625 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NP) are "in vogue" in medical research. Pre-clinical studies accumulate evidence of NP enhancing radiation therapy. On one hand, NP, selected for their intrinsic physicochemical characteristics, are radio-sensitizers. Thus, when NP accumulate in cancer cells, they increase the radiation absorption coefficient specifically in tumour tissue, sparing healthy surrounding tissue from toxicity. On the other hand, NP, by being drug vectors, can carry radio-sensitizer therapeutics to cancer cells. Finally, NP present theranostic effects. Indeed they are used in imaging as contrast agents. NP therefore can be multi-tasking and have promising prospect in radiotherapy field. In spite of the numerous encouraging preclinical evidence, the very small number of clinical trials investigating NP possible involvement in the radiotherapy clinical practice suggests a physicians' unwillingness. Many prerequisites seem necessary including define biological mechanisms of NP radiosensitization pathways and of NP clearance. NP biocompatibility and toxicities should be better investigated to select, among the extensive range of possible systems, the harmless and most efficient one, and to finally come to a safe and successful clinical use. The present review focuses on the various interests of NP in the radiotherapy area and proposes a discussion about their role in the future clinical practice.
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Wardlow N, Polin C, Villagomez-Bernabe B, Currell F. A Simple Model to Quantify Radiolytic Production following Electron Emission from Heavy-Atom Nanoparticles Irradiated in Liquid Suspensions. Radiat Res 2015; 184:518-32. [DOI: 10.1667/rr14059.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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40
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Shah M, Fawcett D, Sharma S, Tripathy SK, Poinern GEJ. Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles via Biological Entities. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 8:7278-7308. [PMID: 28793638 PMCID: PMC5458933 DOI: 10.3390/ma8115377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 444] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is the creation, manipulation and use of materials at the nanometre size scale (1 to 100 nm). At this size scale there are significant differences in many material properties that are normally not seen in the same materials at larger scales. Although nanoscale materials can be produced using a variety of traditional physical and chemical processes, it is now possible to biologically synthesize materials via environment-friendly green chemistry based techniques. In recent years, the convergence between nanotechnology and biology has created the new field of nanobiotechnology that incorporates the use of biological entities such as actinomycetes algae, bacteria, fungi, viruses, yeasts, and plants in a number of biochemical and biophysical processes. The biological synthesis via nanobiotechnology processes have a significant potential to boost nanoparticles production without the use of harsh, toxic, and expensive chemicals commonly used in conventional physical and chemical processes. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent trends in synthesizing nanoparticles via biological entities and their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monaliben Shah
- Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Minerals and Energy, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch WA 6150, Australia.
| | - Derek Fawcett
- Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Minerals and Energy, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch WA 6150, Australia.
| | - Shashi Sharma
- Biosecurity and Food Security Academy, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Agricultural Sciences Murdoch University, Murdoch WA 6150, Australia.
| | - Suraj Kumar Tripathy
- School of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT University, Campus-11, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India.
| | - Gérrard Eddy Jai Poinern
- Murdoch Applied Nanotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Minerals and Energy, School of Engineering and Energy, Murdoch University, Murdoch WA 6150, Australia.
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41
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Shmatov ML. An expected increase in the efficiency of antiproton cancer therapy with the use of gold nanoparticles. Phys Med Biol 2015; 60:N383-90. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/60/20/n383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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42
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Schuemann J, Berbeco R, Chithrani DB, Cho SH, Kumar R, McMahon SJ, Sridhar S, Krishnan S. Roadmap to Clinical Use of Gold Nanoparticles for Radiation Sensitization. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015; 94:189-205. [PMID: 26700713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has seen a dramatic increase in interest in the use of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as radiation sensitizers for radiation therapy. This interest was initially driven by their strong absorption of ionizing radiation and the resulting ability to increase dose deposited within target volumes even at relatively low concentrations. These early observations are supported by extensive experimental validation, showing GNPs' efficacy at sensitizing tumors in both in vitro and in vivo systems to a range of types of ionizing radiation, including kilovoltage and megavoltage X rays as well as charged particles. Despite this experimental validation, there has been limited translation of GNP-mediated radiation sensitization to a clinical setting. One of the key challenges in this area is the wide range of experimental systems that have been investigated, spanning a range of particle sizes, shapes, and preparations. As a result, mechanisms of uptake and radiation sensitization have remained difficult to clearly identify. This has proven a significant impediment to the identification of optimal GNP formulations which strike a balance among their radiation sensitizing properties, their specificity to the tumors, their biocompatibility, and their imageability in vivo. This white paper reviews the current state of knowledge in each of the areas concerning the use of GNPs as radiosensitizers, and outlines the steps which will be required to advance GNP-enhanced radiation therapy from their current pre-clinical setting to clinical trials and eventual routine usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schuemann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Ross Berbeco
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Sang Hyun Cho
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Nanomedicine Science and Technology Center, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stephen J McMahon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Srinivas Sridhar
- Nanomedicine Science and Technology Center, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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43
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Cruje C, Yang C, Uertz J, van Prooijen M, Chithrani BD. Optimization of PEG coated nanoscale gold particles for enhanced radiation therapy. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19104a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To enhance PEG uptake for radiation therapy, a peptide containing an integrin binding domain (RGD) was conjugated to PEG. Nanoparticles functionalized with both the RGD peptide and PEG had a higher uptake than NPs functionalized with PEG alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Cruje
- Dept. of Physics
- Ryerson University
- Toronto
- Canada
| | - C. Yang
- Dept. of Physics
- Ryerson University
- Toronto
- Canada
| | | | | | - B. D. Chithrani
- Dept. of Physics
- Ryerson University
- Toronto
- Canada
- Keenan Research Centre
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44
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Ghosh S, Chakraborty P, Saha P, Acharya S, Ray M. Polymer based nanoformulation of methylglyoxal as an antimicrobial agent: efficacy against resistant bacteria. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00075g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Functionalized polymer conjugated nanoformulations of methylglyoxal demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, leading to new generation antimicrobial agents and minimizing the environment risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srabanti Ghosh
- Centre for Advanced Materials
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Prabal Chakraborty
- Crystallography and Molecular Biology Division
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
- Kolkata-700064, India
| | - Partha Saha
- Crystallography and Molecular Biology Division
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
- Kolkata-700064, India
| | - Somobrata Acharya
- Centre for Advanced Materials
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Manju Ray
- Centre for Advanced Materials
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata-700032, India
- Division of Molecular Medicine
- Bose Institute
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Khan MS, Vishakante GD, Siddaramaiah H. Gold nanoparticles: a paradigm shift in biomedical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 199-200:44-58. [PMID: 23871224 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In the medical field, majority of the active ingredients exists in the form of solid particle (90% of all medicines). Nanotechnology had grabbed the attention of many scientists working in different aspects and gave them a vivid imagination in order to utilize the nanotechnology in an innovative way according to their needs. One of the major applications of nanotechnology is drug delivery through nanoparticles which is on boom for the researchers and gives a challenging environment for the researchers. Among them upcoming challenge is the use of inorganic nanoparticles for the drug delivery and related aspects. There is growing interests in usage of inorganic nanoparticles in medicine due to their size, and unique physical properties that make them different from other nanoparticulate systems. This review will lay special emphasis on the uniqueness of inorganic nanoparticles especially gold nanoparticles as a drug delivery vehicle and moreover will present a wide spread scenario of gold nanoparticles that has been used for treatment of life threatening diseases like cancer.
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Zygmanski P, Liu B, Tsiamas P, Cifter F, Petersheim M, Hesser J, Sajo E. Dependence of Monte Carlo microdosimetric computations on the simulation geometry of gold nanoparticles. Phys Med Biol 2013; 58:7961-77. [PMID: 24169737 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/58/22/7961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, interactions of x-rays with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and the resulting dose enhancement have been studied using several Monte Carlo (MC) codes (Jones et al 2010 Med. Phys. 37 3809-16, Lechtman et al 2011 Phys. Med. Biol. 56 4631-47, McMahon et al 2011 Sci. Rep. 1 1-9, Leung et al 2011 Med. Phys. 38 624-31). These MC simulations were carried out in simplified geometries and provided encouraging preliminary data in support of GNP radiotherapy. As these studies showed, radiation transport computations of clinical beams to obtain dose enhancement from nanoparticles has several challenges, mostly arising from the requirement of high spatial resolution and from the approximations used at the interface between the macroscopic clinical beam transport and the nanoscopic electron transport originating in the nanoparticle or its vicinity. We investigate the impact of MC simulation geometry on the energy deposition due to the presence of GNPs, including the effects of particle clustering and morphology. Dose enhancement due to a single and multiple GNPs using various simulation geometries is computed using GEANT4 MC radiation transport code. Various approximations in the geometry and in the phase space transition from macro- to micro-beams incident on GNPs are analyzed. Simulations using GEANT4 are compared to a deterministic code CEPXS/ONEDANT for microscopic (nm-µm) geometry. Dependence on the following microscopic (µ) geometry parameters is investigated: µ-source-to-GNP distance (µSAD), µ-beam size (µS), and GNP size (µC). Because a micro-beam represents clinical beam properties at the microscopic scale, the effect of using different types of micro-beams is also investigated. In particular, a micro-beam with the phase space of a clinical beam versus a plane-parallel beam with an equivalent photon spectrum is characterized. Furthermore, the spatial anisotropy of energy deposition around a nanoparticle is analyzed. Finally, dependence of dose enhancement on the number of GNPs in a finite cluster of nanoparticles is determined. Simulations were performed for 100 nm GNPs irradiated in water phantom by various monoenergetic (11 keV-1 MeV) and spectral (50 kVp) sources. The dose enhancement ratio (DER) is very sensitive to the specific simulation geometry (µSAD, µS, µC parameters) and µ-source type. For a single GNP the spatial distribution of DER is found to be nearly isotropic with limited magnitude and relatively short range (∼100-200 nm for DER significantly greater than 1). For a cluster of GNPs both the magnitude and range are found much greater (∼1-2 µm). The relation between DER for a cluster of GNPs and a single GNP is strongly nonlinear. Relatively strong dependence of DER on the simulation micro-geometry cautions future studies and the interpretation of existing MC results obtained in different simulations geometries. The nonlinear relation between DER for a single and multiple GNPs suggests that parameters such as the number of adjacent nanoparticles per cell and the distances between the GNPs and the cellular target may be important in assessing the biological effectiveness associated with GNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Zygmanski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Synthesis and spectroscopic characterizations of noble metal complexes (gold, silver, platinum) in the presence of selenium, and their biological applications as antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-013-1249-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Jeremic B, Aguerri AR, Filipovic N. Radiosensitization by gold nanoparticles. Clin Transl Oncol 2013; 15:593-601. [PMID: 23359187 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-013-1003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent years brought increasing use of gold nano particles (GNP) as a model platform for interaction of irradiation and GNPs aiming radiosensitization. Endocytosis seems to be one of the major pathways for cellular uptake of GNPs. Internalization mechanism of GNPs is likely receptor-mediated endocytosis, influenced by GNP size, shape, its coating and surface charging. Many showed that DNA damage can occur as a consequence of metal-enhanced production of low energy electrons, Auger electrons and alike. Kilovoltage radiotherapy (RT) carries significantly higher dose enhancement factor (DEF) that is observed with megavoltage irradiations, the latter usually been at the order of 1.1-1.2. Higher gold concentrations seem to carry higher risk of toxicity, while with lower concentrations the DEF can be reduced. Adding a chemotherapeutic agent could increase level of enhancement. Clinical trials are eagerly awaited with a promise of gaining more knowledge deemed necessary for more successful transition to widespread clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Jeremic
- BioIRC, Bioengineering R&D Centre, Prvoslava Stojanovica 6, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Zygmanski P, Hoegele W, Tsiamas P, Cifter F, Ngwa W, Berbeco R, Makrigiorgos M, Sajo E. A stochastic model of cell survival for high-Z nanoparticle radiotherapy. Med Phys 2013; 40:024102. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4773885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Tsiamas P, Liu B, Cifter F, Ngwa WF, Berbeco RI, Kappas C, Theodorou K, Marcus K, Makrigiorgos MG, Sajo E, Zygmanski P. Impact of beam quality on megavoltage radiotherapy treatment techniques utilizing gold nanoparticles for dose enhancement. Phys Med Biol 2013; 58:451-64. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/58/3/451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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