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Fontes MRM, Cardoso FF, Kobe B. Transport of DNA repair proteins to the cell nucleus by the classical nuclear importin pathway - a structural overview. DNA Repair (Amst) 2025; 149:103828. [PMID: 40154194 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2025.103828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2025] [Accepted: 03/16/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
DNA repair is a crucial biological process necessary to address damage caused by both endogenous and exogenous agents, with at least five major pathways recognized as central to this process. In several cancer types and other diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, DNA repair mechanisms are often disrupted or dysregulated. Despite the diversity of these proteins and their roles, they all share the common requirement of being imported into the cell nucleus to perform their functions. Therefore, understanding the nuclear import of these proteins is essential for comprehending their roles in cellular processes. The first and best-characterized nuclear targeting signal is the classical nuclear localization sequence (NLS), recognized by importin-α (Impα). Several structural and affinity studies have been conducted on complexes formed between Impα and NLSs from DNA repair proteins, although these represent only a fraction of all known DNA repair proteins. These studies have significantly advanced our understanding of the nuclear import process of DNA repair proteins, often revealing unexpected results that challenge existing literature and computational predictions. Despite advances in computational, biochemical, and cellular assays, structural methods - particularly crystallography and in-solution biophysical approaches - continue to play a critical role in providing insights into molecular events operating in biological pathways. In this review, we aim to summarize experimental structural and affinity studies involving Impα and NLSs from DNA repair proteins, with the goal of furthering our understanding of the function of these essential proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos R M Fontes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Estudos Avançados do Mar (IEAMar), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Vicente, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fábio F Cardoso
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Bostjan Kobe
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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2
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Sethi P, Mehan S, Khan Z, Maurya PK, Kumar N, Kumar A, Tiwari A, Sharma T, Das Gupta G, Narula AS, Kalfin R. The SIRT-1/Nrf2/HO-1 axis: Guardians of neuronal health in neurological disorders. Behav Brain Res 2025; 476:115280. [PMID: 39368713 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
SIRT1 (Sirtuin 1) is a NAD+-dependent deacetylase that functions through nucleoplasmic transfer and is present in nearly all mammalian tissues. SIRT1 is believed to deacetylate its protein substrates, resulting in neuroprotective actions, including reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, increased autophagy, increased nerve growth factors, and preserved neuronal integrity in aging or neurological disease. Nrf2 is a transcription factor that regulates the genes responsible for oxidative stress response and substance detoxification. The activation of Nrf2 guards cells against oxidative damage, inflammation, and carcinogenic stimuli. Several neurological abnormalities and inflammatory disorders have been associated with variations in Nrf2 activation caused by either pharmacological or genetic factors. Recent evidence indicates that Nrf2 is at the center of a complex cellular regulatory network, establishing it as a transcription factor with genuine pleiotropy. HO-1 is most likely a component of a defense mechanism in cells under stress, as it provides negative feedback for cell activation and mediator synthesis. This mediator is upregulated by Nrf2, nitric oxide (NO), and other factors in various inflammatory states. HO-1 or its metabolites, such as CO, may mitigate inflammation by modulating signal transduction pathways. Neurological diseases may be effectively treated by modulating the activity of HO-1. Multiple studies have demonstrated that SIRT1 and Nrf2 share an important connection. SIRT1 enhances Nrf2, activates HO-1, protects against oxidative injury, and decreases neuronal death. This has been associated with numerous neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, activating the SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway may help treat various neurological disorders. This review focuses on the current understanding of the SIRT1 and Nrf2/HO-1 neuroprotective processes and the potential therapeutic applications of their target activators in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranshul Sethi
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar), Moga, Punjab 144603, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar), Moga, Punjab 144603, India.
| | - Zuber Khan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar), Moga, Punjab 144603, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Maurya
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar), Moga, Punjab 144603, India
| | - Nitish Kumar
- SRM Modinagar College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Delhi-NCR Campus, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201204, India
| | - Aakash Kumar
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar), Moga, Punjab 144603, India
| | - Aarti Tiwari
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar), Moga, Punjab 144603, India
| | - Tarun Sharma
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar), Moga, Punjab 144603, India
| | - Ghanshyam Das Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar), Moga, Punjab 144603, India
| | - Acharan S Narula
- Narula Research, LLC, 107 Boulder Bluff, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Reni Kalfin
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St., Block 23, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; Department of Healthcare, South-West University "NeofitRilski", Ivan Mihailov St. 66, Blagoevgrad 2700, Bulgaria
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3
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Chouhan S, Muhammad N, Usmani D, Khan TH, Kumar A. Molecular Sentinels: Unveiling the Role of Sirtuins in Prostate Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 26:183. [PMID: 39796040 PMCID: PMC11720558 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26010183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2024] [Revised: 12/21/2024] [Accepted: 12/27/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2025] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a critical global health challenge, with high mortality rates and significant heterogeneity, particularly in advanced stages. While early-stage PCa is often manageable with conventional treatments, metastatic PCa is notoriously resistant, highlighting an urgent need for precise biomarkers and innovative therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on the dualistic roles of sirtuins, a family of NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases, dissecting their unique contributions to tumor suppression or progression in PCa depending on the cellular context. It reveals their multifaceted impact on hallmark cancer processes, including sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, activating invasion and metastasis, resisting cell death, inducing angiogenesis, and enabling replicative immortality. SIRT1, for example, fosters chemoresistance and castration-resistant prostate cancer through metabolic reprogramming, immune modulation, androgen receptor signaling, and enhanced DNA repair. SIRT3 and SIRT4 suppress oncogenic pathways by regulating cancer metabolism, while SIRT2 and SIRT6 influence tumor aggressiveness and androgen receptor sensitivity, with SIRT6 promoting metastatic potential. Notably, SIRT5 oscillates between oncogenic and tumor-suppressive roles by regulating key metabolic enzymes; whereas, SIRT7 drives PCa proliferation and metabolic stress adaptation through its chromatin and nucleolar regulatory functions. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive summary of the roles of individual sirtuins, highlighting their potential as biomarkers in PCa and exploring their therapeutic implications. By examining each of these specific mechanisms through which sirtuins impact PCa, this review underscores the potential of sirtuin modulation to address gaps in managing advanced PCa. Understanding sirtuins' regulatory effects could redefine therapeutic approaches, promoting precision strategies that enhance treatment efficacy and improve outcomes for patients with aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Chouhan
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
- Cecil H and Ida Green Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Naoshad Muhammad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Darksha Usmani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Tabish H. Khan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
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Wang H, Liang Y, Zhao L, Deng J, Li Y, Zhao H, Zhang X, Zou F. miR-653-3p promotes genomic instability of colorectal cancer cells via targeting SIRT1/TWIST1 signaling pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166821. [PMID: 37516255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Development of colorectal cancer (CRC) accompanied with genomic instability. Genomic instability was promoted by microRNAs (miRNAs) inhibiting key genes in DNA damage repair and spindle assembly processes. Whether miR-653-3p affects genomic instability is unknown. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of miR-653-3p on genomic instability in CRC cells. Based on RT-qPCR analysis, miR-653-3p was highly expressed in CRC cells. Through single-cell electrophoresis assay and chromosome karyotype analysis, we determined ectopic expression of miR-653-3p induced increased DNA damage but inhibited apoptosis by promoting chromosomal instability. Mechanistically, luciferase assay identified the direct interaction of miR-653-3p with the 3' UTR of SIRT1, and western blot analysis indicated miR-653-3p inhibited SIRT1 and then promoted STAT3 phosphorylation and TWIST1 expression. The results of karyotype analysis showed that the upregulation of SIRT1 and the downregulation of TWIST1 caused by the downregulation of miR-653-3p suppressed chromosomal instability. Additionally, our evidence showed that miR-653-3p promoted CRC cell proliferation, migration, and 5-FU resistance, and miR-653-3p induced the development of CRC in the xenograft mice model. Altogether, our evidence suggests that miR-653-3p regulates SIRT1/TWIST1 signaling pathway and plays an important role in promoting genomic instability, proliferation, migration, and chemoresistance of CRC cells, which may serve as a promising therapeutic target for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huani Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yutong Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jiaqiang Deng
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Fangdong Zou
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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5
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Song YQ, Yang GJ, Ma DL, Wang W, Leung CH. The role and prospect of lysine-specific demethylases in cancer chemoresistance. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:1438-1469. [PMID: 37012609 DOI: 10.1002/med.21955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Histone methylation plays a key function in modulating gene expression, and preserving genome integrity and epigenetic inheritance. However, aberrations of histone methylation are commonly observed in human diseases, especially cancer. Lysine methylation mediated by histone methyltransferases can be reversed by lysine demethylases (KDMs), which remove methyl marks from histone lysine residues. Currently, drug resistance is a main impediment for cancer therapy. KDMs have been found to mediate drug tolerance of many cancers via altering the metabolic profile of cancer cells, upregulating the ratio of cancer stem cells and drug-tolerant genes, and promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastatic ability. Moreover, different cancers show distinct oncogenic addictions for KDMs. The abnormal activation or overexpression of KDMs can alter gene expression signatures to enhance cell survival and drug resistance in cancer cells. In this review, we describe the structural features and functions of KDMs, the KDMs preferences of different cancers, and the mechanisms of drug resistance resulting from KDMs. We then survey KDM inhibitors that have been used for combating drug resistance in cancer, and discuss the opportunities and challenges of KDMs as therapeutic targets for cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Guan-Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wanhe Wang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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6
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Johnson JD, Alejo S, Jayamohan S, Sareddy GR. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 as a therapeutic cancer target: observations from preclinical study. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:1177-1188. [PMID: 37997756 PMCID: PMC10872912 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2288277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (KDM1A/LSD1) has emerged as an important therapeutic target in various cancer types. LSD1 regulates a wide range of biological processes that influence cancer development, progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance. However, recent studies have revealed novel aspects of LSD1 biology, shedding light on its involvement in immunogenicity, antitumor immunity, and DNA damage response. These emerging findings have the potential to be leveraged in the design of effective LSD1-targeted therapies. AREAS COVERED This paper discusses the latest developments in the field of LSD1 biology, focusing on its role in regulating immunogenicity, antitumor immunity, and DNA damage response mechanisms. The newfound understanding of these mechanisms has opened possibilities for the development of novel LSD1-targeted therapies for cancer treatment. Additionally, the paper provides an overview of LSD1 inhibitor-based combination therapies for the treatment of cancer. EXPERT OPINION Exploiting LSD1 role in antitumor immunity and DNA damage response provides cues to not only understand the LSD1-resistant mechanisms but also rationally design new combination therapies that are more efficient and less toxic than monotherapy. The exploration of LSD1 biology and the development of LSD1-targeted therapies hold great promise for the future of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D. Johnson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Salvador Alejo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Sridharan Jayamohan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Gangadhara R. Sareddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Mays Cancer Center, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
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7
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Dong J, Pervaiz W, Tayyab B, Li D, Kang L, Zhang H, Gong H, Ma X, Li J, Agboyibor C, Bi Y, Liu H. A comprehensive comparative study on LSD1 in different cancers and tumor specific LSD1 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114564. [PMID: 35820351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
LSD1 was significantly over-expressed in several cancer types, and its aberrant overexpression was revealed to play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of cancer. Several LSD1 inhibitors that were discovered and developed so far were found to be effective in attenuating tumor growth in both in vivo and in vitro studies. However, the major challenge associated with the development of cancer therapies is personalized treatment. Therefore, it is essential to look in detail at how LSD1 plays its part in carcinogenesis and whether there are any different expression levels of LSD1 in different tumors. Here in this review, fresh insight into a list of function correlated LSD1 binding proteins are provided, and we tried to figure out the role of LSD1 in different cancer types, including hematological malignancies and solid tumors. A critical description of mutation preference for LSD1 in different tumors was also discussed. Recent research findings clearly showed that the abrogation of LSD1 demethylase activity via LSD1 inhibitors markedly reduced the growth of cancer cells. But there are still many ambiguities regarding the role of LSD1 in different cancers. Therefore, targeting LSD1 for treating different cancers is still reductionist, and many challenges need to be met to improve the therapeutic outcomes of LSD1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianshu Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality Control and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Waqar Pervaiz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality Control and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Bilal Tayyab
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality Control and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Dié Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality Control and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lei Kang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality Control and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality Control and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Huimin Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality Control and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xinli Ma
- China-US(Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Jian Li
- China-US(Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Clement Agboyibor
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuefeng Bi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality Control and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Hongmin Liu
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Wang Z, Zhang C, Warden CD, Liu Z, Yuan YC, Guo C, Wang C, Wang J, Wu X, Ermel R, Vonderfecht SL, Wang X, Brown C, Forman S, Yang Y, James You M, Chen W. Loss of SIRT1 inhibits hematopoietic stem cell aging and age-dependent mixed phenotype acute leukemia. Commun Biol 2022; 5:396. [PMID: 35484199 PMCID: PMC9051098 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03340-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is linked to various blood disorders and malignancies. SIRT1 has been implicated in healthy aging, but its role in HSC aging is poorly understood. Surprisingly, we found that Sirt1 knockout improved the maintenance of quiescence of aging HSCs and their functionality as well as mouse survival in serial bone marrow transplantation (BMT) recipients. The majority of secondary and tertiary BMT recipients of aging wild type donor cells developed B/myeloid mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL), which was markedly inhibited by Sirt1 knockout. SIRT1 inhibition also reduced the growth and survival of human B/myeloid MPAL cells. Sirt1 knockout suppressed global gene activation in old HSCs, prominently the genes regulating protein synthesis and oxidative metabolism, which may involve multiple downstream transcriptional factors. Our results demonstrate an unexpected role of SIRT1 in promoting HSC aging and age-dependent MPAL and suggest SIRT1 may be a new therapeutic target for modulating functions of aging HSCs and treatment of MPAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wang
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010 USA ,grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Charles David Warden
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Integrative Genomics Core, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Zheng Liu
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Yate-Ching Yuan
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Chao Guo
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Charles Wang
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010 USA ,grid.43582.380000 0000 9852 649XPresent Address: Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA
| | - Jinhui Wang
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Integrative Genomics Core, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Xiwei Wu
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Integrative Genomics Core, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Richard Ermel
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Center for Comparative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | | | - Xiuli Wang
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Christine Brown
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Stephen Forman
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Yaling Yang
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - M. James You
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - WenYong Chen
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
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9
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Valikhani M, Rahimian E, Ahmadi SE, Chegeni R, Safa M. Involvement of classic and alternative non-homologous end joining pathways in hematologic malignancies: targeting strategies for treatment. Exp Hematol Oncol 2021; 10:51. [PMID: 34732266 PMCID: PMC8564991 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-021-00242-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations are the main etiological factor of hematologic malignancies. These translocations are generally the consequence of aberrant DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. DSBs arise either exogenously or endogenously in cells and are repaired by major pathways, including non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ), homologous recombination (HR), and other minor pathways such as alternative end-joining (A-EJ). Therefore, defective NHEJ, HR, or A-EJ pathways force hematopoietic cells toward tumorigenesis. As some components of these repair pathways are overactivated in various tumor entities, targeting these pathways in cancer cells can sensitize them, especially resistant clones, to radiation or chemotherapy agents. However, targeted therapy-based studies are currently underway in this area, and furtherly there are some biological pitfalls, clinical issues, and limitations related to these targeted therapies, which need to be considered. This review aimed to investigate the alteration of DNA repair elements of C-NHEJ and A-EJ in hematologic malignancies and evaluate the potential targeted therapies against these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Valikhani
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Rahimian
- Department of Medical Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Ahmadi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouzbeh Chegeni
- Medical Laboratory Sciences, Program, College of Health and Human Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Majid Safa
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Sui H, Chen Q, Imamichi T. Cytoplasmic-translocated Ku70 senses intracellular DNA and mediates interferon-lambda1 induction. Immunology 2021; 163:323-337. [PMID: 33548066 PMCID: PMC8207419 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified that human Ku70, a nuclear protein, serves as a cytosolic DNA sensor. Upon transfection with DNA or infection with DNA virus, Ku70 translocates from the nucleus into the cytoplasm and then predominately induces interferon lambda1 (IFN-λ1) rather than IFN-alpha or IFN-beta, through a STING-dependent signalling pathway. However, a detailed mechanism for Ku70 cytoplasmic translocation and its correlation with IFN-λ1 induction have not been fully elucidated. Here, we observed that cytoplasmic translocation of Ku70 only occurred in DNA-triggered IFN-λ1-inducible cells. Additionally, infection by Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1), a DNA virus, induces cytoplasmic translocation of Ku70 and IFN-λ1 induction in a strain-dependent manner: the translocation and IFN-λ1 induction were detected upon infection by HSV-1 McKrae, but not MacIntyre, strain. A kinetic analysis indicated that cytoplasmic translocation of Ku70 was initiated right after DNA transfection and was peaked at 6 hr after DNA stimulation. Furthermore, treatment with leptomycin B, a nuclear export inhibitor, inhibited both Ku70 translocation and IFN-λ1 induction, suggesting that Ku70 translocation is an essential and early event for its cytosolic DNA sensing. We further confirmed that enhancing the acetylation status of the cells promotes Ku70's cytoplasmic accumulation, and therefore increases DNA-mediated IFN-λ1 induction. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism by which the versatile sensor detects pathogenic DNA in a localization-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Sui
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology and ImmunoinformaticsFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMDUSA
| | - Qian Chen
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology and ImmunoinformaticsFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMDUSA
| | - Tomozumi Imamichi
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology and ImmunoinformaticsFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMDUSA
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11
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Jarroux J, Foretek D, Bertrand C, Gabriel M, Szachnowski U, Saci Z, Guo S, Londoño-Vallejo A, Pinskaya M, Morillon A. HOTAIR lncRNA promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition by redistributing LSD1 at regulatory chromatin regions. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e50193. [PMID: 33960111 PMCID: PMC8366456 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) describes the loss of epithelial traits and gain of mesenchymal traits by normal cells during development and by neoplastic cells during cancer metastasis. The long noncoding RNA HOTAIR triggers EMT, in part by serving as a scaffold for PRC2 and thus promoting repressive histone H3K27 methylation. In addition to PRC2, HOTAIR interacts with the LSD1 lysine demethylase, an epigenetic regulator of cell fate during development and differentiation, but little is known about the role of LSD1 in HOTAIR function during EMT. Here, we show that HOTAIR requires its LSD1‐interacting domain, but not its PRC2‐interacting domain, to promote the migration of epithelial cells. This activity is suppressed by LSD1 overexpression. LSD1‐HOTAIR interactions induce partial reprogramming of the epithelial transcriptome altering LSD1 distribution at promoter and enhancer regions. Thus, we uncover an unexpected role of HOTAIR in EMT as an LSD1 decommissioning factor, counteracting its activity in the control of epithelial identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Jarroux
- ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, CNRS UMR3244, Sorbonne Université, PSL University, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Dominika Foretek
- ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, CNRS UMR3244, Sorbonne Université, PSL University, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Claire Bertrand
- ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, CNRS UMR3244, Sorbonne Université, PSL University, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Marc Gabriel
- ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, CNRS UMR3244, Sorbonne Université, PSL University, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Ugo Szachnowski
- ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, CNRS UMR3244, Sorbonne Université, PSL University, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Zohra Saci
- ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, CNRS UMR3244, Sorbonne Université, PSL University, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Shuling Guo
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - Arturo Londoño-Vallejo
- Telomeres and Cancer, CNRS UMR3244, Sorbonne Université, PSL Université, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Marina Pinskaya
- ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, CNRS UMR3244, Sorbonne Université, PSL University, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Antonin Morillon
- ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, CNRS UMR3244, Sorbonne Université, PSL University, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
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12
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Chen J, Chen H, Pan L. SIRT1 and gynecological malignancies (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 45:43. [PMID: 33649834 PMCID: PMC7934219 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.7994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a member of the sirtuin protein family, is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent type III histone deacetylase and mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase. SIRT1 can deacetylate histones (H1, H3, and H4) and non-histone proteins, and it is widely involved in various physiological and pathological processes in the body, including metabolism, aging, transcription, DNA damage and repair, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, inflammation and cancer. Research has shown that SIRT1 is involved in tumorigenesis, tumor metastasis and chemotherapy resistance, but it exerts opposing effects and plays different roles in different pathogenic processes. Recent studies have demonstrated that SIRT1 may be implicated in the pathogenesis, development, treatment and prognosis of tumors; however, its role in gynecological tumors remains elusive. The aim of the present review was to summarize the pathogenic roles of SIRT1 in cancer, and to provide what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first review of recent advances involving SIRT1 in cervical cancer, endometrial cancer (EC) and ovarian cancer (OC). In addition, the critical research gaps regarding SIRT1, particularly its potential involvement in the concurrence of EC and cervical cancer and its antagonistic effect against poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in OC, were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Houzao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Lingya Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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13
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Samaržija I. Post-Translational Modifications That Drive Prostate Cancer Progression. Biomolecules 2021; 11:247. [PMID: 33572160 PMCID: PMC7915076 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While a protein primary structure is determined by genetic code, its specific functional form is mostly achieved in a dynamic interplay that includes actions of many enzymes involved in post-translational modifications. This versatile repertoire is widely used by cells to direct their response to external stimuli, regulate transcription and protein localization and to keep proteostasis. Herein, post-translational modifications with evident potency to drive prostate cancer are explored. A comprehensive list of proteome-wide and single protein post-translational modifications and their involvement in phenotypic outcomes is presented. Specifically, the data on phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation, and lipidation in prostate cancer and the enzymes involved are collected. This type of knowledge is especially valuable in cases when cancer cells do not differ in the expression or mutational status of a protein, but its differential activity is regulated on the level of post-translational modifications. Since their driving roles in prostate cancer, post-translational modifications are widely studied in attempts to advance prostate cancer treatment. Current strategies that exploit the potential of post-translational modifications in prostate cancer therapy are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Samaržija
- Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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14
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Li X, Feng Y, Wang XX, Truong D, Wu YC. The Critical Role of SIRT1 in Parkinson's Disease: Mechanism and Therapeutic Considerations. Aging Dis 2020; 11:1608-1622. [PMID: 33269110 PMCID: PMC7673849 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silence information regulator 1 (SIRT1), a member of the sirtuin family, targets histones and many non-histone proteins and participates in various physiological functions. The enzymatic activity of SIRT1 is decreased in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), which may reduce their ability to resist neuronal damage caused by various neurotoxins. As far as we know, SIRT1 can induce autophagy by regulating autophagy related proteins such as AMP-activated protein kinase, light chain 3, mammalian target of rapamycin, and forkhead transcription factor 1. Furthermore, SIRT1 can regulate mitochondrial function and inhibit oxidative stress mainly by maintaining peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) in a deacetylated state and thus maintaining a constant level of PGC-1α. Other studies have demonstrated that SIRT1 may play a role in the pathophysiology of PD by regulating neuroinflammation. SIRT1 deacetylases nuclear factor-kappa B and thus reduces its transcriptional activity, inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and decreases tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels. SIRT1 can also upregulate heat shock protein 70 by deacetylating heat shock factor 1 to increase the degradation of α-synuclein oligomers. Few studies have focused on the relationship between SIRT1 single nucleotide polymorphisms and PD risk, so this topic requires further research. Based on the neuroprotective effects of SIRT1 on PD, many in vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that some SIRT1 activators, notably resveratrol, have potential neuroprotective effects against dopaminergic neuronal damage caused by various neurotoxins. Thus, SIRT1 plays a critical role in PD development and might be a potential target for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- 1Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Ya Feng
- 1Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xi-Xi Wang
- 1Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Daniel Truong
- 2The Truong Neurosciences Institute, Orange Coast Memorial Medical Center, Fountain Valley, CA, USA.,3Department of Neurosciences and Psychiatry, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Yun-Cheng Wu
- 1Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
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15
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Xie N, Zhang L, Gao W, Huang C, Huber PE, Zhou X, Li C, Shen G, Zou B. NAD + metabolism: pathophysiologic mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:227. [PMID: 33028824 PMCID: PMC7539288 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00311-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 512] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and its metabolites function as critical regulators to maintain physiologic processes, enabling the plastic cells to adapt to environmental changes including nutrient perturbation, genotoxic factors, circadian disorder, infection, inflammation and xenobiotics. These effects are mainly achieved by the driving effect of NAD+ on metabolic pathways as enzyme cofactors transferring hydrogen in oxidation-reduction reactions. Besides, multiple NAD+-dependent enzymes are involved in physiology either by post-synthesis chemical modification of DNA, RNA and proteins, or releasing second messenger cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and NAADP+. Prolonged disequilibrium of NAD+ metabolism disturbs the physiological functions, resulting in diseases including metabolic diseases, cancer, aging and neurodegeneration disorder. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of NAD+-regulated physiological responses to stresses, the contribution of NAD+ deficiency to various diseases via manipulating cellular communication networks and the potential new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Peter Ernst Huber
- CCU Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center; Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Changlong Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Guobo Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Bingwen Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- CCU Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center; Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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16
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Konikov-Rozenman J, Breuer R, Kaminski N, Wallach-Dayan SB. CMH-Small Molecule Docks into SIRT1, Elicits Human IPF-Lung Fibroblast Cell Death, Inhibits Ku70-deacetylation, FLIP and Experimental Pulmonary Fibrosis. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10070997. [PMID: 32630842 PMCID: PMC7408087 DOI: 10.3390/biom10070997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative capacity in vital organs is limited by fibrosis propensity. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a progressive lung disease linked with aging, is a classic example. In this study, we show that in flow cytometry, immunoblots (IB) and in lung sections, FLIP levels can be regulated, in vivo and in vitro, through SIRT1 activity inhibition by CMH (4-(4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-N-hydroxybutanamide), a small molecule that, as we determined here by structural biology calculations, docked into its nonhistone substrate Ku70-binding site. Ku70 immunoprecipitations and immunoblots confirmed our theory that Ku70-deacetylation, Ku70/FLIP complex, myofibroblast resistance to apoptosis, cell survival, and lung fibrosis in bleomycin-treated mice, are reduced and regulated by CMH. Thus, small molecules associated with SIRT1-mediated regulation of Ku70 deacetylation, affecting FLIP stabilization in fibrotic-lung myofibroblasts, may be a useful strategy, enabling tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenya Konikov-Rozenman
- Lung Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.-R.); (R.B.)
| | - Raphael Breuer
- Lung Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.-R.); (R.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 670 Albany St, 4th Floor, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, POB 208057, 300 Cedar Street TAC-441 South, New Haven, CT 06520-8057, USA;
| | - Shulamit B. Wallach-Dayan
- Lung Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.-R.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-2-6776622
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17
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Tamaoki J, Takeuchi M, Abe R, Kaneko H, Wada T, Hino S, Nakao M, Furukawa Y, Kobayashi M. Splicing- and demethylase-independent functions of LSD1 in zebrafish primitive hematopoiesis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8521. [PMID: 32444613 PMCID: PMC7244555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
LSD1/KDM1A is a widely conserved lysine-specific demethylase that removes methyl groups from methylated proteins, mainly histone H3. We previously isolated the zebrafish LSD1 gene and demonstrated that it is required for primitive hematopoiesis. Recently, a neuron-specific splicing variant of LSD1 was found in mammals and its specific functions and substrate specificities were reported. To our surprise, zebrafish LSD1 cDNA, which we previously analyzed, was corresponded to the neuron-specific variant in mammals. In this study, we investigated the structures and expression of LSD1 splicing variants in zebrafish and found all 4 types of LSD1 isoforms: LSD1, LSD1+2al, LSD1+8al and LSD1+2al8al. Interestingly, LSD1+8al/LSD1+2al8al, which correspond to mammalian neuron-specific variants, expressed ubiquitously in zebrafish. We also performed phenotypic rescue experiments of a zebrafish LSD1 mutant (kdm1ait627) using human and zebrafish LSD1 variants to identify which variant is involved in primitive hematopoiesis. Unexpectedly, the overexpression of all types of human and zebrafish variants was able to rescue the hematopoietic phenotypes in LSD1 mutants. Furthermore, enzymatic-deficient LSD1K661A (human) and K638A (zebrafish) were also able to rescue the mutant phenotypes. These results suggest that the LSD1 functions in zebrafish primitive hematopoiesis are free from any splicing-dependent regulation or demethylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Tamaoki
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Miki Takeuchi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Ryo Abe
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kaneko
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Taeko Wada
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Hino
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Nakao
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Yusuke Furukawa
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Makoto Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan.
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18
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Feng JX, Riddle NC. Epigenetics and genome stability. Mamm Genome 2020; 31:181-195. [PMID: 32296924 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-020-09836-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining genome stability is essential to an organism's health and survival. Breakdown of the mechanisms protecting the genome and the resulting genome instability are an important aspect of the aging process and have been linked to diseases such as cancer. Thus, a large network of interconnected pathways is responsible for ensuring genome integrity in the face of the continuous challenges that induce DNA damage. While these pathways are diverse, epigenetic mechanisms play a central role in many of them. DNA modifications, histone variants and modifications, chromatin structure, and non-coding RNAs all carry out a variety of functions to ensure that genome stability is maintained. Epigenetic mechanisms ensure the functions of centromeres and telomeres that are essential for genome stability. Epigenetic mechanisms also protect the genome from the invasion by transposable elements and contribute to various DNA repair pathways. In this review, we highlight the integral role of epigenetic mechanisms in the maintenance of genome stability and draw attention to issues in need of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justina X Feng
- Department of Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nicole C Riddle
- Department of Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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19
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Fang Q, Andrews J, Sharma N, Wilk A, Clark J, Slyskova J, Koczor CA, Lans H, Prakash A, Sobol RW. Stability and sub-cellular localization of DNA polymerase β is regulated by interactions with NQO1 and XRCC1 in response to oxidative stress. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 47:6269-6286. [PMID: 31287140 PMCID: PMC6614843 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein–protein interactions regulate many essential enzymatic processes in the cell. Somatic mutations outside of an enzyme active site can therefore impact cellular function by disruption of critical protein–protein interactions. In our investigation of the cellular impact of the T304I cancer mutation of DNA Polymerase β (Polβ), we find that mutation of this surface threonine residue impacts critical Polβ protein–protein interactions. We show that proteasome-mediated degradation of Polβ is regulated by both ubiquitin-dependent and ubiquitin-independent processes via unique protein–protein interactions. The ubiquitin-independent proteasome pathway regulates the stability of Polβ in the cytosol via interaction between Polβ and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) in an NADH-dependent manner. Conversely, the interaction of Polβ with the scaffold protein X-ray repair cross complementing 1 (XRCC1) plays a role in the localization of Polβ to the nuclear compartment and regulates the stability of Polβ via a ubiquitin-dependent pathway. Further, we find that oxidative stress promotes the dissociation of the Polβ/NQO1 complex, enhancing the interaction of Polβ with XRCC1. Our results reveal that somatic mutations such as T304I in Polβ impact critical protein–protein interactions, altering the stability and sub-cellular localization of Polβ and providing mechanistic insight into how key protein–protein interactions regulate cellular responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Fang
- University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Joel Andrews
- University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Anna Wilk
- University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Jennifer Clark
- University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Jana Slyskova
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher A Koczor
- University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Hannes Lans
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aishwarya Prakash
- University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Robert W Sobol
- University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
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20
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Huang FT, Sun J, Zhang L, He X, Zhu YH, Dong HJ, Wang HY, Zhu L, Zou JY, Huang JW, Li L. Role of SIRT1 in hematologic malignancies. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2019; 20:391-398. [PMID: 31090265 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a protein deacetylase, which regulates various physiological activities by deacetylating different protein substrates. An increasing number of studies have revealed critical roles of SIRT1 in different aspects of cancers including metabolism, proliferation, genomic instability, and chemotherapy resistance. Depending on the protein targets in a certain oncogenic context, SIRT1 may play a unique role in each individual blood cancer subtype. Our previous work showed that activation of SIRT1 in primitive leukemia cells of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) promotes disease maintenance. On the other hand, an SIRT1 agonist was shown to disrupt maintenance of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) stem cells and holds promise as a potential therapeutic approach. Herein, we present a concise summary of the different functions of SIRT1 in hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Teng Huang
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.,Department of Hematology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ying-Hui Zhu
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Hao-Jie Dong
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Han-Ying Wang
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jing-Ying Zou
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jin-Wen Huang
- Department of Hematology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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21
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CSL controls telomere maintenance and genome stability in human dermal fibroblasts. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3884. [PMID: 31467287 PMCID: PMC6715699 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11785-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability is a hallmark of cancer. Whether it also occurs in Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) remains to be carefully investigated. Loss of CSL/RBP-Jκ, the effector of canonical NOTCH signaling with intrinsic transcription repressive function, causes conversion of dermal fibroblasts into CAFs. Here, we find that CSL down-modulation triggers DNA damage, telomere loss and chromosome end fusions that also occur in skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)-associated CAFs, in which CSL is decreased. Separately from its role in transcription, we show that CSL is part of a multiprotein telomere protective complex, binding directly and with high affinity to telomeric DNA as well as to UPF1 and Ku70/Ku80 proteins and being required for their telomere association. Taken together, the findings point to a central role of CSL in telomere homeostasis with important implications for genomic instability of cancer stromal cells and beyond. Conversion of dermal fibroblasts into Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) can play an important role in keratinocyte tumour development. Here the authors reveal that CSL plays a role in maintenance of telomeres and genomic integrity in both dermal fibroblasts and CAFs.
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22
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Current role of mammalian sirtuins in DNA repair. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 80:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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23
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Alves-Fernandes DK, Jasiulionis MG. The Role of SIRT1 on DNA Damage Response and Epigenetic Alterations in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3153. [PMID: 31261609 PMCID: PMC6651129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) is a class-III histone deacetylase (HDAC), an NAD+-dependent enzyme deeply involved in gene regulation, genome stability maintenance, apoptosis, autophagy, senescence, proliferation, aging, and tumorigenesis. It also has a key role in the epigenetic regulation of tissue homeostasis and many diseases by deacetylating both histone and non-histone targets. Different studies have shown ambiguous implications of SIRT1 as both a tumor suppressor and tumor promoter. However, this contradictory role seems to be determined by the cell type and SIRT1 localization. SIRT1 upregulation has already been demonstrated in some cancer cells, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and primary colon, prostate, melanoma, and non-melanoma skin cancers, while SIRT1 downregulation was described in breast cancer and hepatic cell carcinomas. Even though new functions of SIRT1 have been characterized, the underlying mechanisms that define its precise role on DNA damage and repair and their contribution to cancer development remains underexplored. Here, we discuss the recent findings on the interplay among SIRT1, oxidative stress, and DNA repair machinery and its impact on normal and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miriam Galvonas Jasiulionis
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil.
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24
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Dalvi PS, Macheleidt IF, Lim SY, Meemboor S, Müller M, Eischeid-Scholz H, Schaefer SC, Buettner R, Klein S, Odenthal M. LSD1 Inhibition Attenuates Tumor Growth by Disrupting PLK1 Mitotic Pathway. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1326-1337. [PMID: 30760542 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is a histone modifier that is highly overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma, which results in aggressive tumor biology. Tumor cell proliferation and migration analysis after LSD1 inhibition in the lung adenocarcinoma cell line PC9, using the LSD1 inhibitor HCI-2509 and siRNA, demonstrated that LSD1 activity was essential for proliferation and migration capacities of tumor cells. Moreover, reduced proliferation rates after LSD1 inhibition were shown to be associated with a cell-cycle arrest of the tumor cells in the G2-M-phase. Expression profiling followed by functional classification and pathway analysis indicated prominent repression of the polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) pathway upon LSD1 inhibition. In contrast, transient overexpression of exogenous PLK1 plasmid rescued the LSD1 inhibition-mediated downregulation of PLK1 pathway genes. Mechanistically, LSD1 directly regulates expression of PLK1 by binding to its promoter region that subsequently affects expression of its downstream target genes. Notably, using lung adenocarcinoma TCGA datasets a significant correlation between LSD1 and PLK1 along with its downstream targets was observed. Furthermore, the LSD1/PLK1 linkage was confirmed by IHC analysis in a clinical lung adenocarcinoma cohort (n = 43). Conclusively, this is the first study showing a direct transcriptional link between LSD1 and PLK1. IMPLICATIONS: These findings point to a role of LSD1 in regulating PLK1 and thus efficient G2-M-transition-mediating proliferation of tumor cells and suggest targeting the LSD1/PLK1 axis as a novel therapeutic approach for lung adenocarcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya S Dalvi
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Iris F Macheleidt
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - So-Young Lim
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sonja Meemboor
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marion Müller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Stephan C Schaefer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, Cologne, Germany
- Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Buettner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, Cologne, Germany
- Lung Cancer Group Cologne, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian Klein
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Translational Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Else Kröner Forschungskolleg Cologne, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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25
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Apoptosis Induction byHistone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Cancer Cells: Role of Ku70. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071601. [PMID: 30935057 PMCID: PMC6480544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a group of enzymes that regulate gene transcription by controlling deacetylation of histones and non-histone proteins. Overexpression of HDACs is found in some types of tumors and predicts poor prognosis. Five HDAC inhibitors are approved for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Treatment with HDAC inhibitors regulates gene expression with increased acetylated histones with unconfirmed connection with therapy. Apoptosis is a key mechanism by which HDAC inhibitors selectively kill cancer cells, probably due to acetylation of non-histone proteins. Ku70 is a protein that repairs DNA breaks and stabilizes anti-apoptotic protein c-FLIP and proapoptotic protein Bax, which is regulated by acetylation. HDAC inhibitors induce Ku70 acetylation with repressed c-FLIP and activated Bax in cancer cells. Current studies indicate that Ku70 is a potential target of HDAC inhibitors and plays an important role during the induction of apoptosis.
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26
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van Dijk AD, Hu CW, de Bont ESJM, Qiu Y, Hoff FW, Yoo SY, Coombes KR, Qutub AA, Kornblau SM. Histone Modification Patterns Using RPPA-Based Profiling Predict Outcome in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1700379. [PMID: 29505696 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Posttranslational histone tail modifications are known to play a role in leukemogenesis and are therapeutic targets. A global analysis of the level and patterns of expression of multiple histone-modifying proteins (HMP) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the effect of different patterns of expression on outcome and prognosis has not been investigated in AML patients. Here we analyzed 20 HMP by reverse phase protein array (RPPA) in a cohort of 205 newly diagnosed AML patients. Protein levels were correlated with patient and disease characteristics, including survival and mutational state. We identified different protein clusters characterized by higher (more on) or lower (more off) expression of HMP, relative to normal CD34+ cells. On state of HMP was associated with poorer outcome compared to normal-like and a more off state. FLT3 mutated AML patients were significantly overrepresented in the more on state. DNA methylation related mutations showed no correlation with the different HMP states. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that HMP form recurrent patterns of expression and that these significantly correlate with survival in newly diagnosed AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneke D van Dijk
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Chenyue W Hu
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eveline S J M de Bont
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - YiHua Qiu
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fieke W Hoff
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Suk Young Yoo
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kevin R Coombes
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amina A Qutub
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Steven M Kornblau
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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27
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Wang Y, Luo J. Acetylation of BLM protein regulates its function in response to DNA damage. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06666j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study first revealed the acetylation of the BLM protein and studied this regulatory process in the DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankun Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics
- Peking University Health Science Center
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jianyuan Luo
- Department of Medical Genetics
- Peking University Health Science Center
- Beijing
- China
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