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Leary JB, Enright T, Bakaloudi DR, Basnet A, Bratslavsky G, Jacob J, Spiess PE, Li R, Necchi A, Kamat AM, Pavlick DC, Danziger N, Huang RSP, Lin DI, Cheng L, Ross J, Talukder R, Grivas P. Frequency and Nature of Genomic Alterations in ERBB2-Altered Urothelial Bladder Cancer. Target Oncol 2024; 19:447-458. [PMID: 38570422 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-024-01056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2) overexpression is an oncogenic driver in many solid tumors, including urothelial bladder cancer (UBC). In addition, activating mutations in the ERBB2 gene have been shown to play an oncogenic role similar to ERBB2 amplification. OBJECTIVE To describe and compare the frequency and nature of genomic alterations (GA) of ERBB2-altered (mutations, amplification) and ERBB2 wild-type UBC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using a hybrid capture-based comprehensive profiling assay, 9518 UBC cases were grouped by ERBB2 alteration and evaluated for all classes of genomic alterations (GA), tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), genome-wide loss of heterozygosity (gLOH), and genomic mutational signature. PD-L1 expression was measured by immunohistochemistry (Dako 22C3). Categorical statistical comparisons were performed using Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS A total of 602 (6.3%) UBC cases featured ERBB2 extracellular domain short variant (SV) GA (ECDmut+), 253 (2.7%) cases featured ERBB2 kinase domain SV GA (KDmut+), 866 (9.1%) cases had ERBB2 amplification (amp+), and 7797 (81.9%) cases were ERBB2 wild-type (wt). European genetic ancestry of ECDmut+ was higher than ERBB2wt. Numerous significant associations were observed when comparing GA by group. Notably among these, CDKN2A/MTAP loss were more frequent in ERBB2wt versus ECDmut+ and amp+. ERBB3 GA were more frequent in ECDmut+ and KDmut+ than ERBB2wt. TERT GA were more frequent in ECDmut+, KDmut+, and amp+ versus ERBB2wt. TOP2A amplification was significantly more common in ECDmut+ and amp+ versus ERBB2wt, and TP53 SV GA were significantly higher in ERBB2 amp+ versus ERBB2wt. Mean TMB levels were significantly higher in ECDmut+, KDmut+, and amp+ than in ERBB2wt. Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptides (APOBEC) signature was more frequent in ECDmut+, KDmut+, and amp+ versus ERBB2wt. No significant differences were observed in PD-L1 status between groups, while gLOH-high status was more common in amp+ versus ERBB2wt. MSI-high status was more frequent in KDmut+ versus ERBB2wt, and in ERBB2wt than in amp+. CONCLUSIONS We noted important differences in co-occurring GA in ERBB2-altered (ECDmut+, KDmut+, amp+) versus ERBB2wt UBC, as well as higher mean TMB and higher APOBEC mutational signature in the ERBB2-altered groups. Our results can help refine future clinical trial designs and elucidate possible response and resistance mechanisms for ERBB2-altered UBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob B Leary
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas Enright
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Alina Basnet
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | | | - Joseph Jacob
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Philippe E Spiess
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Roger Li
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Andrea Necchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Legoretta Cancer Center at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Lifespan Academic Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | | | - Petros Grivas
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Zhu B, Yin H, Zhang D, Zhang M, Chao X, Scimeca L, Wu MR. Synthetic biology approaches for improving the specificity and efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:436-447. [PMID: 38605087 PMCID: PMC11061174 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01153-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has shown robust efficacy in treating a broad spectrum of hematological and solid cancers. Despite the transformative impact of immunotherapy on cancer treatment, several outstanding challenges remain. These challenges include on-target off-tumor toxicity, systemic toxicity, and the complexity of achieving potent and sustainable therapeutic efficacy. Synthetic biology has emerged as a promising approach to overcome these obstacles, offering innovative tools for engineering living cells with customized functions. This review provides an overview of the current landscape and future prospects of cancer immunotherapy, particularly emphasizing the role of synthetic biology in augmenting its specificity, controllability, and efficacy. We delineate and discuss two principal synthetic biology strategies: those targeting tumor surface antigens with engineered immune cells and those detecting intratumoral disease signatures with engineered gene circuits. This review concludes with a forward-looking perspective on the enduring challenges in cancer immunotherapy and the potential breakthroughs that synthetic biology may contribute to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Hang Yin
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Di Zhang
- Drug Safety Research & Evaluation, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Company, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Center of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Luca Scimeca
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ming-Ru Wu
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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3
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Zhao S, Qiu Y, Yuan M, Wang Z. Progress of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor combination therapy in immune treatment for HER2-positive tumors. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 80:625-638. [PMID: 38342825 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-024-03644-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with HER2-positive cancers often face a poor prognosis, and treatment regimens containing anti-HER2 have become the first-line treatment options for breast and gastric cancers. However, these approaches are faced with significant challenges in terms of drug resistance. Hence, it is crucial to explore precise treatment strategies aimed at improving survival outcomes. ADVANCEMENTS IN TREATMENT Over the past few years, there has been rapid advancement in the realm of tumor therapy, particularly with the swift progress of immune checkpoint inhibitors, including PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. They exert anti-tumor effects by disrupting immune-suppressive factors within the tumor microenvironment. However, monotherapy with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors has several limitations. Consequently, numerous studies have explored combinatorial immunotherapeutic strategies and demonstrated highly promising avenues of development. OBJECTIVE This article aims to review the clinical trials investigating PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor combination therapy for HER2-positive tumors. Additionally, it provides a summary of ongoing trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of these combined treatments, with the intention of furnishing valuable insights for the clinical management of HER2-positive cancer. CONCLUSION Combinatorial immunotherapeutic strategies involving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors hold considerable promise in the treatment of HER2-positive tumors. Continued research efforts and clinical trials are warranted to elucidate optimal treatment regimens that maximize therapeutic benefits while minimizing adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sining Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiwu Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiqin Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Medicine, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China, 310022.
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Chao WR, Lee MY, Sheu GT, Lee YJ, Shen HP, Han CP. HER2 mutations in advanced cervical neuroendocrine carcinoma: implications for trastuzumab deruxtecan therapy. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03066-y. [PMID: 38689071 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Recent clinical evidence shows that the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) can successfully treat patients with advanced HER2-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to characterize HER2 mutations in cervical neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) among Taiwanese women to provide the rationale for exploring T-DXd as a tumor-agnostic targeted therapy option. We analyzed 12 archived primary cervical NEC samples from Taiwanese patients. Tumor-rich areas were marked for microdissection on 10 μm unstained sections. DNA was extracted, and HER2 hotspots were sequenced using a targeted panel on the Illumina MiSeq. HER2 missense mutations were identified in 5 of 12 cases (41.7%). Of the 5 cases with mutations, 2 patients (40%) had a single mutation, while 3 patients (60%) had double mutations. We detected 4 substitutions outside the tyrosine kinase domain (non-TKD), which were p.P1170A, p.S305C, p.I655V, and a novel T328K alteration. No mutations were found within the tyrosine kinase domain (TKD). The 41.7% HER2 mutation rate warrants expanded screening and future clinical investigation of the T-DXd targeting HER2 mutations in cervical NEC patients. Overall, this study contributes to the molecular understanding of cervical NEC and lays the groundwork for developing more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ru Chao
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yung Lee
- Department of Statistics and Informatics Science, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Gwo-Tarng Sheu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ju Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Huang-Pin Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung-Shan Medical University and Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Chih-Ping Han
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Pathology, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung-Shan Medical University and Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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DeSouza NR, Nielsen KJ, Jarboe T, Carnazza M, Quaranto D, Kopec K, Suriano R, Islam HK, Tiwari RK, Geliebter J. Dysregulated Expression Patterns of Circular RNAs in Cancer: Uncovering Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential. Biomolecules 2024; 14:384. [PMID: 38672402 PMCID: PMC11048371 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable, enclosed, non-coding RNA molecules with dynamic regulatory propensity. Their biogenesis involves a back-splicing process, forming a highly stable and operational RNA molecule. Dysregulated circRNA expression can drive carcinogenic and tumorigenic transformation through the orchestration of epigenetic modifications via extensive RNA and protein-binding domains. These multi-ranged functional capabilities have unveiled extensive identification of previously unknown molecular and cellular patterns of cancer cells. Reliable circRNA expression patterns can aid in early disease detection and provide criteria for genome-specific personalized medicine. Studies described in this review have revealed the novelty of circRNAs and their biological ss as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole R. DeSouza
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.R.D.)
| | - Kate J. Nielsen
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.R.D.)
| | - Tara Jarboe
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.R.D.)
| | - Michelle Carnazza
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.R.D.)
| | - Danielle Quaranto
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.R.D.)
| | - Kaci Kopec
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.R.D.)
| | - Robert Suriano
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.R.D.)
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Mount Saint Vincent, Bronx, NY 10471, USA
| | - Humayun K. Islam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.R.D.)
| | - Raj K. Tiwari
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.R.D.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Jan Geliebter
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (N.R.D.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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6
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Gatius S, Matias Guiu X, Davidson B. Molecular features for timely cancer diagnosis and treatment - tumors of the ovary, fallopian tube and endometrium. Virchows Arch 2024; 484:339-351. [PMID: 38099957 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-023-03710-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Gynecologic pathology has moved, within only a few years, from being a diagnostic area devoid of molecular testing into a diagnostic discipline in which such analyses are becoming routine. The direct relevance of molecular characterization to the choice of treatment of patients with carcinomas originating in both the uterus and adnexae makes it likely that such testing will only expand along with our understanding of the molecular make-up of these tumors. As a consequence, gynecologic pathologists have become an integral part of patient management, rather than lab personnel providing external services.In parallel, molecular testing is expanding as a tool for diagnosing rare tumors affecting these organs, including soft tissue tumors, sex cord-stromal tumors and germ cell tumors, as well as other rare entities. Increased knowledge in this area bears directly on the ability to diagnose these tumors in a reproducible manner, as well as recognize and consult on genetic diseases. Hopefully, despite the inherent difficulty in studying rare cancers, it will also translate into new therapeutic options for the malignant ones among these rare cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Gatius
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, CIBERONC, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Xavier Matias Guiu
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, CIBERONC, Lleida, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ben Davidson
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Montebello, Norwegian Radium Hospital, N-0310, Oslo, Norway.
- University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, N-0316, Oslo, Norway.
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7
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Qu M, Zhou L, Yan X, Li S, Wu X, Xu H, Li J, Guo J, Zhang X, Li H, Sheng X. Advances in HER2-Targeted Treatment for Advanced/Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma. Bladder (San Franc) 2023; 10:e21200012. [PMID: 38155921 PMCID: PMC10752798 DOI: 10.14440/bladder.2023.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) represents a common malignancy of the urinary system that can involve the kidneys, ureter, bladder, and urethra. Advanced/metastatic UC (mUC) tends to have a poor prognosis. UC ranks third in terms of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression among all tumors. However, multiple studies found that, unlike breast cancer, variable degrees of HER2 positivity and poor consistency between HER2 protein overexpression and gene amplification have been found. Trials involving trastuzumab, pertuzumab, lapatinib, afatinib, and neratinib have failed to prove their beneficial effect in patients with HER2-positive mUC, and a clinical trial on T-DM1 (trastuzumab emtansine) was terminated prematurely because of the adverse reactions. However, a phase II trial showed that RC48-ADC was effective. In this review, we provided an in-depth overview of the advances in the research regarding HER2-targeted therapy and the role of HER2 in mUC. Furthermore, we also discussed the prospects of potential strategies aimed at overcoming anti-HER2 resistance, and summarize the novel anti-HER2 approaches for the management of mUC used in recent clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Genitourinary oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Genitourinary oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xieqiao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Genitourinary oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Siming Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Genitourinary oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Genitourinary oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Huayan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Genitourinary oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Genitourinary oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Genitourinary oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital
| | - Hongzhao Li
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital
| | - Xinan Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Genitourinary oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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Wang X, Wang J, Chu Y, Hao J. Efficacy and safety of a pyrotinib-based regimen in non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring HER2 alterations: A real-world retrospective study. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1663-1668. [PMID: 38156935 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1268_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrotinib, a novel irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer in China. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with HER2 alterations in real-world practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of advanced NSCLC with HER2 mutations or amplifications who received pyrotinib-based treatment at the Qilu Hospital in Shandong University was performed. The primary end points were objective response rate and safety. The secondary end points were progression-free survival, disease control rate, and overall survival. RESULTS Twenty three eligible patients from a single center were enrolled between June 2019 and March 2023; among them, 21 had HER2 mutation and two harbored HER2 amplification. Evaluation of the efficacy in 21 patients revealed an objective response rate of 28.6% (6/21; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.5%-49.6%) and disease control rate of 85.7% (18/21). The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 7.7 months (95% CI: 6.07-9.33) and 20.8 months (95% CI: 8.42-33.18), respectively. The most common adverse events (AEs) included diarrhea (n = 14, 60.9%), nausea (n = 5, 21.7%), and liver dysfunction (n = 5, 21.7%). Seven patients (7/23, 30.4%) had grade 3-4 AE; no grade 5 AE was observed. Furthermore, one patient (1/23, 4.3%) experienced dose withdrawal and two (2/23, 8.7%) presented with dose reduction symptoms. CONCLUSION Pyrotinib-based therapy showed promising antitumor activity and acceptable safety in advanced NSCLC patients with HER2 alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Sentana-Lledo D, Academia E, Viray H, Rangachari D, Kobayashi SS, VanderLaan PA, Costa DB. EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations and ERBB2 mutations in lung cancer: a narrative review on approved targeted therapies from oral kinase inhibitors to antibody-drug conjugates. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2023; 12:1590-1610. [PMID: 37577308 PMCID: PMC10413034 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-23-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective This review will provide an overview of EGFR and ERBB2 mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a focus on recent clinical approvals. Methods We obtained data from the literature in accordance with narrative review reporting guidelines. Key Content and Findings EGFR mutations are present in up to 15-20% of all NSCLCs; amongst these, 10% correspond to kinase domain insertions in exon 20. Structurally similar, ERBB2 (HER2) mutations occurs in 1-4% of NSCLCs, mostly consisting of insertions or point mutations. The majority of EGFR exon 20 insertions occur within the loop following the regulatory C-helix and activate the kinase domain of EGFR without generating a therapeutic window to gefitinib, erlotinib, afatinib, dacomitinib or osimertinib. Mobocertinib represents a novel class of covalent EGFR inhibitors with a modest therapeutic window to these mutants and induces anti-tumor responses in a portion of patients [at 160 mg/day: response rate of <30% with duration of response (DoR) >17 months and progression-free survival (PFS) of >7 months] albeit with mucocutaneous and gastrointestinal toxicities. The bi-specific EGFR-MET antibody amivantamab-vmjw has modest but broad preclinical activity in EGFR-driven cancers and specifically for EGFR exon 20 insertion-mutated NSCLC has response rates <40% and PFS of <8.5 months at the cost of both infusion-related plus on-target toxicities. Both drugs were approved in 2021. The clinical development of kinase inhibitors for ERBB2-mutated NSCLC has been thwarted by mucocutaneous/gastrointestinal toxicities that preclude a pathway for drug approval, as the case of poziotinib. However, the activation of ERBB2 has allowed for repurposing of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) that target ERBB2 with cytotoxic payloads. The FDA approved fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki in 2022 for NSCLC based on response rate of >55%, DoR >9 months, PFS >8 months and manageable adverse events (including cytopenias, nausea and less commonly pneumonitis). Other therapies in clinical development include sunvozertinib and zipalertinib, among others. In addition, traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy has some activity in these tumors. Conclusions The approvals of mobocertinib, amivantamab, and trastuzumab deruxtecan represent the first examples of precision oncology for EGFR exon 20 insertion-mutated and ERBB2-mutated NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sentana-Lledo
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emmeline Academia
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hollis Viray
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deepa Rangachari
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susumu S. Kobayashi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul A. VanderLaan
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel B. Costa
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Xu B, Chen H, Zhang J, Cong Y, Ning L, Chen L, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Song Z, Meng Y, He L, Liao WL, Lu Y, Zhao F. A comparative study of gastric adenocarcinoma HER2 IHC phenotype and mass spectrometry-based quantification. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1152895. [PMID: 37350943 PMCID: PMC10283037 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1152895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gastric cancer is a highly heterogeneous malignant tumor of the digestive system. Anti-HER2 treatment can inhibit downstream signaling pathways and improve clinical treatment and outcomes in patients with HER2 protein overexpression. Currently, two standard methods for evaluating HER2 expression status are immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). However, these low-throughput assays often produce discordant or equivocal results. Methods In this study, we presented a new HER2 protein detection method based on mass spectrometry selected reaction monitoring (MS-SRM) and validated the method. We conducted a retrospective study on 118 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues from patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in northern China, and we compared the MS-SRM results with those from IHC and correlated them with FISH. Results We established and validated the upper and lower detection limits (300-700 amol/μg) for abnormal HER2 protein expression in advanced gastric cancer. We also found that, among samples with mixed Lauren subtypes, those with a high level of HER2 expression had typical intestinal type features in pathology. Discussion This study demonstrated that the MS-SRM method can overcome the limitations and deficiencies of IHC, directly quantify the expression of HER2 protein in tumor cells and be used as a supplement to IHC. It has the potential to be used as a companion diagnosis for new drugs used to treat advanced gastric cancer. Large-scale clinical validation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- Pathology Department, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Stomatology Department, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Technology Department, Tianjin Yunjian Medical Laboratory Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yanghai Cong
- Technology Department, Tianjin Yunjian Medical Laboratory Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Li Ning
- Medical Oncology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Technology Department, Tianjin Yunjian Medical Laboratory Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yushi Zhang
- Technology Department, Tianjin Yunjian Medical Laboratory Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Pathology Department, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhanchun Song
- Circulation Department, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Pathology Department, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, China
| | - Lianqi He
- Circulation Department, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei-li Liao
- Research and Development Department, mProbe Inc., Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Ying Lu
- Laboratory Medicine, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, China
| | - Fengyi Zhao
- Technology Department, Tianjin Yunjian Medical Laboratory Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
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11
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Zheng Y, Zou J, Sun C, Peng F, Peng C. Ado-tratuzumab emtansine beyond breast cancer: therapeutic role of targeting other HER2-positive cancers. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1165781. [PMID: 37251081 PMCID: PMC10210145 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1165781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is an antibody-drug conjugate approved by the FDA in 2013 for advanced HER2-positive breast cancer treatment exhibiting promising clinical benefits. However, HER2 overexpression and gene amplification have also been reported in other cancers like gastric cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and colorectal cancer. Numerous preclinical studies have also revealed the significant antitumor effect of T-DM1 on HER2-positive tumors. With the advancement in research, several clinical trials have been conducted to investigate the antitumor effect of T-DM1. In this review, we briefly introduced the pharmacological effects of T-DM1. We reviewed its preclinical and clinical studies, especially on other HER2-positive cancers, establishing what has been encountered between its preclinical and clinical studies. In clinical studies, we found that T-DM1 has a therapeutic value on other cancers. An insignificant effect was observed on gastric cancer and NSCLC, inconsistent with the preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayu Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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12
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Yun KM, Bazhenova L. Metastatic HER2-amplified non-small-cell lung cancer treated with trastuzumab deruxtecan. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e253260. [PMID: 37156567 PMCID: PMC10173996 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-253260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) alterations can occur as gene mutations, gene amplification or protein overexpression. DESTINY-Lung01 and DESTINY-Lung02 demonstrated the efficacy of trastuzumab deruxtecan in the subsequent line setting in patients with unresectable or metastatic HER2-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Trastuzumab deruxtecan has not been studied in select patients with HER2-amplified NSCLC. Here, we present the first reported case of metastatic HER2-amplified NSCLC treated with trastuzumab deruxtecan with a durable response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Yun
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Moores Cancer Center at UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Lyudmila Bazhenova
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Moores Cancer Center at UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, California, USA
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13
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Hur J, Paez-Colasante X, Figueroa-Romero C, Lo TW, Barmada SJ, Paulsen MT, Ljungman M, Alakwaa FM, Savelieff MG, Goutman SA, Feldman EL. miRNA analysis reveals novel dysregulated pathways in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:934-947. [PMID: 36219176 PMCID: PMC9990999 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease. Its complex pathogenesis and phenotypic heterogeneity hinder therapeutic development and early diagnosis. Altered RNA metabolism is a recurrent pathophysiologic theme, including distinct microRNA (miRNA) profiles in ALS tissues. We profiled miRNAs in accessible biosamples, including skin fibroblasts and whole blood and compared them in age- and sex-matched healthy controls versus ALS participants with and without repeat expansions to chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72; C9-ALS and nonC9-ALS), the most frequent ALS mutation. We identified unique and shared profiles of differential miRNA (DmiRNA) levels in each C9-ALS and nonC9-ALS tissues versus controls. Fibroblast DmiRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time PCR and their target mRNAs by 5-bromouridine and 5-bromouridine-chase sequencing. We also performed pathway analysis to infer biological meaning, revealing anticipated, tissue-specific pathways and pathways previously linked to ALS, as well as novel pathways that could inform future research directions. Overall, we report a comprehensive study of a miRNA profile dataset from C9-ALS and nonC9-ALS participants across two accessible biosamples, providing evidence of dysregulated miRNAs in ALS and possible targets of interest. Distinct miRNA patterns in accessible tissues may also be leveraged to distinguish ALS participants from healthy controls for earlier diagnosis. Future directions may look at potential correlations of miRNA profiles with clinical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | | | - Claudia Figueroa-Romero
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ting-wen Lo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sami J Barmada
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michelle T Paulsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mats Ljungman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fadhl M Alakwaa
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Masha G Savelieff
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stephen A Goutman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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14
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Villalobo A. Regulation of ErbB Receptors by the Ca2+ Sensor Protein Calmodulin in Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030661. [PMID: 36979639 PMCID: PMC10045772 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression and mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB1/HER1) and other tyrosine kinase receptors of the ErbB family (ErbB2/HER2, ErbB3/HER3 and ErbB4/HER4) play an essential role in enhancing the proliferation, the migratory capacity and invasiveness of many tumor cells, leading to cancer progression and increased malignancy. To understand these cellular processes in detail is essential to understand at a molecular level the signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms controlling these receptors. In this regard, calmodulin (CaM) is a Ca2+-sensor protein that directly interacts with and regulates ErbB receptors, as well as some CaM-dependent kinases that also regulate these receptors, particularly EGFR and ErbB2, adding an additional layer of CaM-dependent regulation to this system. In this short review, an update of recent advances in this area is presented, covering the direct action of Ca2+/CaM on the four ErbB family members mostly in tumor cells and the indirect action of Ca2+/CaM on the receptors via CaM-regulated kinases. It is expected that further understanding of the CaM-dependent mechanisms regulating the ErbB receptors in future studies could identify new therapeutic targets in these systems that could help to control or delay cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Villalobo
- Cancer and Human Molecular Genetics Area-Oto-Neurosurgery Research Group, University Hospital La Paz Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Paseo de la Castellana 261, E-28046 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Therapeutic strategies for non-small cell lung cancer: Experimental models and emerging biomarkers to monitor drug efficacies. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 242:108347. [PMID: 36642389 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
While new targeted therapies have considerably changed the treatment and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), they are frequently unsuccessful due to primary or acquired resistances. Chemoresistance is a complex process that combines cancer cell intrinsic mechanisms including molecular and genetic abnormalities, aberrant interactions within the tumor microenvironment, and the pharmacokinetic characteristics of each molecule. From a pharmacological point of view, two levers could improve the response to treatment: (i) developing tools to predict the response to chemo- and targeted therapies and (ii) gaining a better understanding of the influence of the tumor microenvironment. Both personalized medicine approaches require the identification of relevant experimental models and biomarkers to understand and fight against chemoresistance mechanisms. After describing the main therapies in NSCLC, the scope of this review will be to identify and to discuss relevant in vitro and ex vivo experimental models that are able to mimic tumors. In addition, the interests of these models in the predictive responses to proposed therapies will be discussed. Finally, this review will evaluate the involvement of novel secreted biomarkers such as tumor DNA or micro RNA in predicting responses to anti-tumor therapies.
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16
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Kong M, D'Atri D, Bilotta MT, Johnson B, Updegrove TB, Gallardo DL, Machinandiarena F, Wu IL, Constantino MA, Hewitt SM, Tanner K, Fitzgerald DJ, Ramamurthi KS. Cell-specific cargo delivery using synthetic bacterial spores. Cell Rep 2023; 42:111955. [PMID: 36640333 PMCID: PMC10009695 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Delivery of cancer therapeutics to non-specific sites decreases treatment efficacy while increasing toxicity. In ovarian cancer, overexpression of the cell surface marker HER2, which several therapeutics target, relates to poor prognosis. We recently reported the assembly of biocompatible bacterial spore-like particles, termed "SSHELs." Here, we modify SSHELs with an affibody directed against HER2 and load them with the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin. Drug-loaded SSHELs reduce tumor growth and increase survival with lower toxicity in a mouse tumor xenograft model compared with free drug and with liposomal doxorubicin by preferentially accumulating in the tumor mass. Target cells actively internalize and then traffic bound SSHELs to acidic compartments, whereupon the cargo is released to the cytosol in a pH-dependent manner. We propose that SSHELs represent a versatile strategy for targeted drug delivery, especially in cancer settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsuk Kong
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, South Korea
| | - Domenico D'Atri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maria Teresa Bilotta
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bailey Johnson
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Taylor B Updegrove
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Devorah L Gallardo
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Federico Machinandiarena
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - I-Lin Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maira Alves Constantino
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stephen M Hewitt
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kandice Tanner
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - David J Fitzgerald
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Kumaran S Ramamurthi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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17
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Imaging strategies for receptor tyrosine kinase dimers in living cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:67-82. [PMID: 36190534 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04334-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are the essential regulators of cell signal transduction pathways and play important roles in biological processes. RTK dimerization is generally considered the first step in receptor activation and cell communication. And the abnormal expression of RTK dimers is closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases. Therefore, the visualization of RTK dimerization is of great significance for monitoring physiological processes. The genetic and nongenetic imaging strategies have attracted widespread attention due to their high efficiency and high sensitivity. In this review, the RTKs and their dimers as well as the advances in strategies for imaging RTK dimers are introduced. Furthermore, we analyze the limitations of existing imaging strategies and put forward suggestions for the future development of imaging probes. We expect that this review will inspire more in-depth investigation of RTK dimers, which will also broaden the application of strategies of RTK dimers in biomedical areas.
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18
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Barbieri MA, Sorbara EE, Cicala G, Santoro V, Cutroneo PM, Franchina T, Santarpia T, Silvestris N, Spina E. Safety profile of tyrosine kinase inhibitors used in non-small-cell lung cancer: An analysis from the Italian pharmacovigilance database. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1005626. [PMID: 36505840 PMCID: PMC9727240 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1005626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is often caused by molecular alterations that can be detected by predictive biomarkers including mutations or amplifications of several genes. Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been approved in Europe by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for NSCLC. The aim of this study was to analyze the onset of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) related to TKIs in NSCLC through a spontaneous reporting system (SRS) database. Methods All ADR reports having as suspected drug afatinib (AFT), alectinib (ALEC), brigatinib (BRG), ceritinib (CER), crizotinib (CRIZ), erlotinib (ERL), gefitinib (GEF), lorlatinib (LORL), nintedanib (NTB), and osimertinib (OSI) recorded into the Report Reazioni Avverse dei Medicinali (RAM) system database for national data and into the Italian SRS database for Sicilian data and collected from 2006 to 2021 have been evaluated. A descriptive analysis of basal demographic and drug-related characteristics was performed. A case-by-case methodology was conducted paying particular attention to all serious ADR reports collected in Sicily, focusing on type of seriousness, age, sex, concomitant drugs, and comorbidities. Results Of the 3,048 Italian reports, most of ADRs were related to ERL (n = 1,448), followed by AFT (n = 435) and GEF (n = 366). ADR reports were slightly more frequent in females (52.2%) and in the age group >65 years (53.0%). A higher number of cases were related to skin disorders (n = 1,766; 57.9%), followed by gastrointestinal disorders (n = 1,024; 33.6%), general disorders and administration site conditions (n = 536; 17.6%), and infections (n = 483; 15.8%). The case-by-case assessment of Sicilian ADRs showed that 33 cases were serious (12.5%) and mainly involved ERL (n = 17; 51.5%), occurring in males with a higher onset of respiratory diseases (30.3%) such as respiratory failure, interstitial lung disease and dyspnea. Discussion The analysis of spontaneous ADR reports of TKIs confirmed, in general, well-known risks, which often include skin, gastrointestinal, general, liver, and respiratory diseases as well as infections. However, more attention should be paid to the occurrence of serious life-threatening ADRs including respiratory failure, interstitial lung disease, and cardiogenic shock, especially in young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Antonietta Barbieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy,*Correspondence: Maria Antonietta Barbieri,
| | | | - Giuseppe Cicala
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenza Santoro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Maria Cutroneo
- Sicilian Regional Pharmacovigilance Centre, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Tindara Franchina
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood Gaetano Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Tindara Santarpia
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood Gaetano Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood Gaetano Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Edoardo Spina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Deciphering the Impact of HER2 Alterations on Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: From Biological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Approaches. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12101651. [PMID: 36294789 PMCID: PMC9605102 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12101651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the recent increase in the number of types of treatments, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the major cause of death from cancer worldwide. So, there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies. The HER2 gene codes for tyrosine kinase receptor whose alterations are known to drive carcinogenesis. HER2 alterations, including amplification, mutations, and overexpression, have been mainly described in breast and gastric cancers, but up to 4% of NSCLC harbor actionable HER2 mutations. HER2-targeted therapy for NSCLC with trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and trastuzumab emtansine has failed to demonstrate an improvement in survival. Nevertheless, recent data from phase II trials have shed light on promising specific therapies for HER2-mutant NSCLC such as trastuzumab deruxtecan. Herein, we aimed to provide an updated review on the biology, epidemiology, molecular testing, and therapeutic strategies for NSCLC with HER2 molecular alterations.
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20
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CircEPSTI1 Promotes the Proliferation of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cells via circEPSTI1/miR-145/ERBB3 Axis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:1028851. [PMID: 36059813 PMCID: PMC9439903 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1028851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide. There are great challenges in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. In this study, we explored the molecular and biological mechanisms of circular RNA circEPSTI1 (has_circ_0000479) in the regulation of HER2-positive breast cancer cells. The expression of CircEPSTI1, microRNA miR-145, and ERBB3 in HER2-positive breast cancer cells was evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blot assays. Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8. Wound-healing and transwell migration assays were performed to evaluate cell migration. A transwell invasion assay was performed to detect cell invasion. The interaction of miR-145, circEPSTI1, and ERBB3 was confirmed bydual-luciferase reporter and RIP assays. CircEPSTI1 was upregulated in the HER2-positive breast cancer tissues and cells. Knockdown of circEPSTI1 inhibited SKBR3 and BT474 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, circEPSTI1 directly targeted miR-145, and miR-145 was a downstream mediator of circEPSTI1 in modulating the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SKBR3 and BT474 cells. ERBB3 was identified as a direct and functional target of miR-145 in HER2-positive breast cancer cells. Our findings demonstrate that circEPSTI1, an overexpressed circRNA in HER2-positive breast cancer, promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SKBR3 and BT474 cells through the miR-145/ERBB3 axis.
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21
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Vaquero J, Pavy A, Gonzalez-Sanchez E, Meredith M, Arbelaiz A, Fouassier L. Genetic alterations shaping tumor response to anti-EGFR therapies. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 64:100863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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Waliany S, Wakelee H, Ramchandran K, Das M, Huang J, Myall N, Li C, Pagtama J, Tisch AH, Neal JW. Characterization of ERBB2 (HER2) Alterations in Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Comparison of Outcomes of Different Trastuzumab-based Regimens. Clin Lung Cancer 2022; 23:498-509. [PMID: 35753988 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION About 3%-5% of mNSCLC have ERBB2 (HER2) alterations, but currently, there are no FDA-approved targeted therapies for this indication. We compared treatment response between trastuzumab-based and non-targeted regimens in ERBB2-mutant mNSCLC. METHODS This retrospective, single-institution study included patients with mNSCLC with ERBB2 alterations identified by next-generation sequencing. Best overall response was determined using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1. RESULTS We identified 3 groups of patients: ERBB2-mutant/EGFR-wildtype mNSCLC (n = 33), ERBB2-amplified/EGFR-wildtype mNSCLC without concurrent ERBB2 mutations (n = 6), and ERBB2-altered/EGFR-mutant mNSCLC (n = 8). Observed mutations included A775_G776insYVMA (n = 23), Gly778_Pro780dup (n = 4), Ser310Phe (n = 3), and others (n = 5). Among the 33 with ERBB2-mutant/EGFR-wildtype mNSCLC, those with and without A775_G776insYVMA had significantly different median overall survival (OS) of 17.7 and 52.9 months, respectively (Cox regression multivariable HR: 5.03, 95% CI: 1.37-18.51, P = .02). In those with mNSCLC with A775_G776insYVMA, trastuzumab-based therapies were associated with greater OS (20.3 vs. 9.8 months; multivariable HR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.04-0.87, P = .032). Objective response and disease control rates (median tumor size change) in the 33 patients with ERBB2-mutant/EGFR-wildtype mNSCLC were 40.0% and 80.0% (-35.8%), respectively, for patients treated with trastuzumab deruxtecan; 0% and 30.0% (-5.2%) for trastuzumab emtansine; and 7.1% and 50.0% (-13.0%) for trastuzumab/chemotherapy combinations. CONCLUSION In ERBB2-mutant/EGFR-wildtype mNSCLC, while most trastuzumab-based regimens had modest activity in this real-world analysis, trastuzumab deruxtecan had highest response rates and best tumor size reduction. Receipt of any trastuzumab-based regimen was associated with greater OS with A775_G776insYVMA. There remains an unmet need for approved targeted therapies for ERBB2-mutant/EGFR-wildtype NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Waliany
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Heather Wakelee
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Kavitha Ramchandran
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Millie Das
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA; Department of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Jane Huang
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Nathaniel Myall
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Connie Li
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA
| | | | | | - Joel W Neal
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA.
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23
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Zeng HH, Yang Z, Qiu YB, Bashir S, Li Y, Xu M. Detection of a novel panel of 24 genes with high frequencies of mutation in gastric cancer based on next-generation sequencing. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:4761-4775. [PMID: 35801059 PMCID: PMC9198883 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i15.4761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Many somatic mutations have been identified based on next-generation sequencing; they likely play a vital role in cancer treatment selection. However, next-generation sequencing has not been widely used to diagnose and treat gastric cancer in the clinic.
AIM To test the mutant gene frequency as a guide for molecular diagnosis and personalized therapy in gastric cancer by use of next-generation sequencing.
METHODS We constructed a panel of 24 mutant genes to detect somatic nucleotide variations and copy number variations based on a next-generation sequencing technique. Our custom panel included high-mutation frequency cancer driver and tumour suppressor genes. Mutated genes were also analyzed using the cBioPortal database. The clinical annotation of important variant mutation sites was evaluated in the ClinVar database. We searched for candidate drugs for targeted therapy and immunotherapy from the OncoKB database.
RESULTS In our study, the top 16 frequently mutated genes were TP53(58%), ERBB2(28%), BRCA2 (23%), NF1 (19%), PIK3CA (14%), ATR (14%), MSH2 (12%), FBXW7 (12%), BMPR1A (12%), ERBB3 (11%), ATM (9%), FGFR2 (8%), MET (8%), PTEN (6%), CHD4 (6%), and KRAS (5%). TP53 is a commonly mutated gene in gastric cancer and has a similar frequency to that in the cBioPortal database. 33 gastric cancer patients (51.6%) with microsatellite stability and eight patients (12.5%) with microsatellite instability-high were investigated. Enrichment analyses demonstrated that high-frequency mutated genes had transmembrane receptor protein kinase activity. We discovered that BRCA2, PIK3CA, and FGFR2 gene mutations represent promising biomarkers in gastric cancer.
CONCLUSION We developed a powerful panel of 24 genes with high frequencies of mutation that could detect common somatic mutations. The observed mutations provide potential targets for the clinical treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ze Yang
- Department of Oncology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ye-Bei Qiu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shoaib Bashir
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
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24
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Koyama K, Ishikawa H, Abe M, Shiose Y, Ueno S, Qiu Y, Nakamaru K, Murakami M. Patritumab deruxtecan (HER3-DXd), a novel HER3 directed antibody drug conjugate, exhibits in vitro activity against breast cancer cells expressing HER3 mutations with and without HER2 overexpression. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267027. [PMID: 35503762 PMCID: PMC9064083 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ErbB3 (HER3), a member of the HER family, is overexpressed in various cancers and plays an important role in cell proliferation and survival. Certain HER3 mutations have also been identified as oncogenic drivers, making them potential therapeutic targets. In the current study, antitumor activity of patritumab deruxtecan (HER3-DXd), a HER3 directed antibody drug conjugate, was evaluated in tumor models with clinically reported HER3 mutations. MDA-MB-231, a HER3-negative human triple-negative breast cancer cell line, was transduced with lentiviral vectors encoding HER3 wild type (HER3WT), one of 11 HER3 mutations, or HER3 empty vector (HER3EV), in the presence/absence of HER2 overexpression. Targeted delivery of HER3-DXd was assessed using cell-surface binding, lysosomal trafficking, and cell-growth inhibition assays. HER3-DXd bound to the surface of HER3WT and mutant cells in a similar, concentration-dependent manner but not to HER3EV. HER3-DXd was translocated to the lysosome, where time- and concentration-dependent signals were observed in the HER3 mutant and HER3WT cells. HER3-DXd inhibited the growth of HER3WT and HER3 mutant cells. HER3-DXd activity was observed in the presence and absence of HER2 overexpression. These data suggest that HER3-DXd may have activity against tumors expressing wild type HER3 or clinically observed HER3 mutations, supporting further clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Koyama
- Translational Science Department I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hirokazu Ishikawa
- Translational Research Department, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Specialty Medicine Research Laboratories II, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Shiose
- Translational Science Department I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Suguru Ueno
- Cell Therapy Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yang Qiu
- Daiichi Sankyo, Inc., Basking Ridge, NJ, United States of America
| | - Kenji Nakamaru
- Translational Science Department I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Murakami
- Daiichi Sankyo, Inc., Basking Ridge, NJ, United States of America
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25
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Ebrahimi F, Hosseinimehr SJ. Homomultimer strategy for improvement of radiolabeled peptides and antibody fragments in tumor targeting. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4923-4957. [PMID: 35450521 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220420131836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A homomultimeric radioligand is composed of multiple identical ligands connected to the linker and radionuclide to detect a variety of overexpressed receptors on cancer cells. Multimer strategy holds great potential for introducing new radiotracers based on peptide and monoclonal antibody (mAb) derivatives in molecular imaging and therapy. It offers a reliable procedure for the preparation of biological-based targeting with diverse affinities and pharmacokinetics. In this context, we provide a useful summary and interpretation of the main results by a comprehensive look at multimeric radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear oncology. Therefore, there will be explanations for the strategy mechanisms and the main variables affecting the biodistribution results. The discussion is followed by highlights of recent work in the targeting of various types of receptors. The consequences are expressed based on comparing some parameters between monomer and multimer counterparts in each relevant section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ebrahimi
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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26
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Lee MX, Wong ALA, Ow S, Sundar R, Tan DSP, Soo RA, Chee CE, Lim JSJ, Yong WP, Lim SE, Goh BC, Wang L, Lee SC. Phase Ib Dose-Finding Study of Varlitinib Combined with Weekly Paclitaxel With or Without Carboplatin ± Trastuzumab in Advanced Solid Tumors. Target Oncol 2022; 17:141-151. [PMID: 35195837 PMCID: PMC8995271 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-022-00867-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Varlitinib is a highly potent, small-molecule, pan-HER inhibitor targeting HER1, HER2, and HER4. It has demonstrated activity in gastric, biliary tract, and breast cancers. Objective We conducted a phase Ib dose confirmation study to determine safety and early efficacy signals of varlitinib in combination with chemotherapy (paclitaxel ± carboplatin) ± subcutaneous trastuzumab. Methods Eligible patients had advanced or metastatic solid tumors. A 3+3 dose de-escalation study design was used and pharmacokinetic analyses of varlitinib and paclitaxel were performed. Results Thirty-seven patients were enrolled into eight cohorts with median 4 (0–14) prior lines of palliative systemic therapies. Carboplatin area under the curve 1.5 and paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 weekly with varlitinib 500 mg twice daily continuously was de-escalated over four dose levels to 300 mg twice daily intermittently (4 days on, 3 days off) due to dose-limiting toxicities, most commonly neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, and electrolyte disturbances, with the triplet combination deemed intolerable and unable to be developed further. Varlitinib was then combined with paclitaxel alone; the recommended phase II dose of varlitinib was 300 mg twice daily intermittently. The addition of subcutaneous trastuzumab 600 mg was safe with no dose-limiting toxicities. Thirty-one patients were evaluable for response: 35.5% partial response, 41.9% stable disease. Twenty patients had HER2+ metastatic breast cancer with a median of 4 (0–14) treatment lines, 8/20 continued on single-agent varlitinib after completing chemotherapy for a median of 5.1 (range 2.0–13.3) months. A pharmacokinetic analysis showed that plasma exposure of varlitinib was dose dependent. Varlitinib administration did not significantly affect the maximum concentration or area under the curve of paclitaxel. Conclusions The recommended phase II dose of varlitinib with paclitaxel is 300 mg twice daily intermittently dosed. This is active in HER2+ metastatic breast cancer. Subcutaneous trastuzumab can be added safely to varlitinib and paclitaxel. This combination is currently being evaluated as neoadjuvant therapy in HER2+ breast cancer (NCT02396108). Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02396108, date of registration: 25 March, 2015. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11523-022-00867-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilda Xinwei Lee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Level 7, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Andrea L A Wong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Level 7, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Samuel Ow
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Level 7, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Raghav Sundar
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Level 7, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David S P Tan
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Level 7, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ross A Soo
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Level 7, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng Ean Chee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Level 7, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joline S J Lim
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Level 7, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Peng Yong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Level 7, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siew Eng Lim
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Level 7, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Boon Cher Goh
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Level 7, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soo Chin Lee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Level 7, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. .,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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27
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Batra U, Sharma M, Dewan A, Diwan H, Nathany S. A narrative review of ERBB2 in non-small cell lung carcinoma. CANCER RESEARCH, STATISTICS, AND TREATMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/crst.crst_323_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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28
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Lucas LM, Dwivedi V, Senfeld JI, Cullum RL, Mill CP, Piazza JT, Bryant IN, Cook LJ, Miller ST, Lott JH, Kelley CM, Knerr EL, Markham JA, Kaufmann DP, Jacobi MA, Shen J, Riese DJ. The Yin and Yang of ERBB4: Tumor Suppressor and Oncoprotein. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:18-47. [PMID: 34987087 PMCID: PMC11060329 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ERBB4 (HER4) is a member of the ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, a family that includes the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ERBB1/HER1), ERBB2 (Neu/HER2), and ERBB3 (HER3). EGFR and ERBB2 are oncoproteins and validated targets for therapeutic intervention in a variety of solid tumors. In contrast, the role that ERBB4 plays in human malignancies is ambiguous. Thus, here we review the literature regarding ERBB4 function in human malignancies. We review the mechanisms of ERBB4 signaling with an emphasis on mechanisms of signaling specificity. In the context of this signaling specificity, we discuss the hypothesis that ERBB4 appears to function as a tumor suppressor protein and as an oncoprotein. Next, we review the literature that describes the role of ERBB4 in tumors of the bladder, liver, prostate, brain, colon, stomach, lung, bone, ovary, thyroid, hematopoietic tissues, pancreas, breast, skin, head, and neck. Whenever possible, we discuss the possibility that ERBB4 mutants function as biomarkers in these tumors. Finally, we discuss the potential roles of ERBB4 mutants in the staging of human tumors and how ERBB4 function may dictate the treatment of human tumors. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This articles reviews ERBB4 function in the context of the mechanistic model that ERBB4 homodimers function as tumor suppressors, whereas ERBB4-EGFR or ERBB4-ERBB2 heterodimers act as oncogenes. Thus, this review serves as a mechanistic framework for clinicians and scientists to consider the role of ERBB4 and ERBB4 mutants in staging and treating human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Lucas
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Vipasha Dwivedi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Jared I Senfeld
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Richard L Cullum
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Christopher P Mill
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - J Tyler Piazza
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Ianthe N Bryant
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Laura J Cook
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - S Tyler Miller
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - James H Lott
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Connor M Kelley
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Elizabeth L Knerr
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Jessica A Markham
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - David P Kaufmann
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Megan A Jacobi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - David J Riese
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
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Zhao L, Deng Y, Ji Y, Guan F, Bao Y, Li X, Wei L. Photo-induced synthesis and antitumor activity of marine zygosporamide analogs containing the isoindolinone fragment. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj04004b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Two novel marine zygosporamide analogs with the isoindolinone fragment were synthesized, and the binding of the compounds with the EGFR protein of liver cancer cells was studied with the aim of explaining the bioactivity difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishuang Zhao
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Yuanhao Deng
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Yuxin Ji
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Fujing Guan
- Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin 150036, China
| | - Yujun Bao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Liguo Wei
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150025, China
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30
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Disruption of Her2-Induced PD-L1 Inhibits Tumor Cell Immune Evasion in Patient-Derived Gastric Cancer Organoids. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246158. [PMID: 34944780 PMCID: PMC8699100 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary HER2 may contribute to immune evasion in gastric cancer that is associated with PD-L1 expression. Autologous organoid/immune cell co-cultures serve as an appropriate in vitro model to study the effects of anti-HER2 targeted therapy in combination with anti-PD1 immune checkpoint inhibition and may be used as an ex vivo tool for precision medicine. Abstract (1) Background: The expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), which interacts with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), enables tumors to escape immunosurveillance. The PD-1/PD-L1 interaction results in the inhibition of CTL proliferation, and effector function, thus promoting tumor cell evasion from immunosurveillance and cancer persistence. Despite 40% of gastric cancer patients exhibiting PD-L1 expression, only a small subset of patients responds to immunotherapy. Human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (HER2) is one of the critical regulators of several solid tumors, including metastatic gastric cancer. Although half of PD-L1-positive gastric tumors co-express HER2, crosstalk between HER2 and PD-1/PD-L1 in gastric cancer remains undetermined. (2) Methods: Human gastric cancer organoids (huTGOs) were generated from biopsied or resected tissues and co-cultured with CTLs and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Digital Spatial Profiling (DSP) was performed on FFPE tissue microarrays of numerous gastric cancer patients to examine the protein expression of immune markers. (3) Results: Knockdown of HER2 in PD-L1/HER2-positive huTGOs led to a concomitant decrease in PD-L1 expression. Similarly, in huTGOs/immune cell co-cultures, PD-L1 expression decreased in huTGOs and was correlated with an increase in CTL proliferation which enhanced huTGO death. Treatment with Nivolumab exhibited similar effects. However, a combinatorial treatment with Mubritinib and Nivolumab was unable to inhibit HER2 expression in co-cultures containing MDSCs. (4) Conclusions: Our study suggested that co-expression of HER2 and PD-L1 may contribute to tumor cell immune evasion. In addition, autologous organoid/immune cell co-cultures can be exploited to effectively screen responses to a combination of anti-HER2 and immunotherapy to tailor treatment for gastric cancer patients.
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31
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Receptor Tyrosine Kinases as Candidate Prognostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Meningioma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111352. [PMID: 34768783 PMCID: PMC8583503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningioma (MGM) is the most common type of intracranial tumor in adults. The validation of novel prognostic biomarkers to better inform tumor stratification and clinical prognosis is urgently needed. Many molecular and cellular alterations have been described in MGM tumors over the past few years, providing a rational basis for the identification of biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The role of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) as oncogenes, including those of the ErbB family of receptors, has been well established in several cancer types. Here, we review histological, molecular, and clinical evidence suggesting that RTKs, including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, ErbB1), as well as other members of the ErbB family, may be useful as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in MGM.
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Abstract
The steadfast advance of the synthetic biology field has enabled scientists to use genetically engineered cells, instead of small molecules or biologics, as the basis for the development of novel therapeutics. Cells endowed with synthetic gene circuits can control the localization, timing and dosage of therapeutic activities in response to specific disease biomarkers and thus represent a powerful new weapon in the fight against disease. Here, we conceptualize how synthetic biology approaches can be applied to programme living cells with therapeutic functions and discuss the advantages that they offer over conventional therapies in terms of flexibility, specificity and predictability, as well as challenges for their development. We present notable advances in the creation of engineered cells that harbour synthetic gene circuits capable of biological sensing and computation of signals derived from intracellular or extracellular biomarkers. We categorize and describe these developments based on the cell scaffold (human or microbial) and the site at which the engineered cell exerts its therapeutic function within its human host. The design of cell-based therapeutics with synthetic biology is a rapidly growing strategy in medicine that holds great promise for the development of effective treatments for a wide variety of human diseases.
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Riudavets M, Sullivan I, Abdayem P, Planchard D. Targeting HER2 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC): a glimpse of hope? An updated review on therapeutic strategies in NSCLC harbouring HER2 alterations. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100260. [PMID: 34479034 PMCID: PMC8414039 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harbouring HER2 alterations is now considered a distinct molecular subtype. The activation of HER2 in NSCLC occurs via three mechanisms, i.e. gene mutation (1%-4% of cases), gene amplification (2%-5%) and protein overexpression (2%-30%), with different prognostic and predictive outcomes. So far, non-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have shown a minor benefit in HER2-mutant NSCLC patients with objective response rates (ORRs) ranging from 0% to 19%. Trastuzumab-based chemotherapy was not found to be superior to chemotherapy alone [median progression-free survival (PFS) 6.1 versus 7 months, respectively] and dual HER2 antibody blockade with trastuzumab and pertuzumab had limited efficacy (ORR 13%-21%). In contrast, novel more selective HER2 TKIs such as poziotinib and pyrotinib have shown a promising activity in HER2-mutant pre-treated NSCLC patients, with response rates up to 38% and 44%, respectively. The most encouraging data come from phase II studies that evaluated the antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) ado-trastuzumab–emtansine and trastuzumab–deruxtecan in patients with HER2-mutant NSCLC, with response rates of 50% and 62%, respectively. These agents are bringing hope to the management of HER2-altered NSCLC. Moreover, a paradigm shift from monotherapies towards combinations of agents with distinct mechanisms of action, such as ADCs with irreversible TKIs or immune checkpoint inhibitors, is already taking place and will change the therapeutic landscape of HER2-driven NSCLC. This paper provides a practical, concise and updated review on the therapeutic strategies in NSCLC with HER2 molecular alterations. Activation of Her2 in NSCLC occurs via gene mutation, amplification or protein overexpression. Selective Her2 TKIs like poziotinib and pyrotinib induced responses in up to 44% of pre-treated Her2-mutant NSCLC patients. ADCs trastuzumab–emtansine and trastuzumab–deruxtecan showed impressive response rates in 62% of Her2-mutant NSCLC patients. Ongoing studies evaluating combination strategies may help improve the therapeutic landscape in Her2-dependent NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Riudavets
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - I Sullivan
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Abdayem
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - D Planchard
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.
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34
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Hanker AB, Brown BP, Meiler J, Marín A, Jayanthan HS, Ye D, Lin CC, Akamatsu H, Lee KM, Chatterjee S, Sudhan DR, Servetto A, Brewer MR, Koch JP, Sheehan JH, He J, Lalani AS, Arteaga CL. Co-occurring gain-of-function mutations in HER2 and HER3 modulate HER2/HER3 activation, oncogenesis, and HER2 inhibitor sensitivity. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:1099-1114.e8. [PMID: 34171264 PMCID: PMC8355076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Activating mutations in HER2 (ERBB2) drive the growth of a subset of breast and other cancers and tend to co-occur with HER3 (ERBB3) missense mutations. The HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor neratinib has shown clinical activity against HER2-mutant tumors. To characterize the role of HER3 mutations in HER2-mutant tumors, we integrate computational structural modeling with biochemical and cell biological analyses. Computational modeling predicts that the frequent HER3E928G kinase domain mutation enhances the affinity of HER2/HER3 and reduces binding of HER2 to its inhibitor neratinib. Co-expression of mutant HER2/HER3 enhances HER2/HER3 co-immunoprecipitation and ligand-independent activation of HER2/HER3 and PI3K/AKT, resulting in enhanced growth, invasiveness, and resistance to HER2-targeted therapies, which can be reversed by combined treatment with PI3Kα inhibitors. Our results provide a mechanistic rationale for the evolutionary selection of co-occurring HER2/HER3 mutations and the recent clinical observations that HER3 mutations are associated with a poor response to neratinib in HER2-mutant cancers.
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MESH Headings
- Aminopyridines/administration & dosage
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Female
- Gain of Function Mutation
- Humans
- Mice, Nude
- Molecular Docking Simulation
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation
- Morpholines/administration & dosage
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Protein Multimerization
- Quinolines/administration & dosage
- Quinolines/chemistry
- Quinolines/metabolism
- Quinolines/pharmacology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, ErbB-2/chemistry
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-3/chemistry
- Receptor, ErbB-3/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-3/metabolism
- Trastuzumab/pharmacology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariella B Hanker
- UTSW Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, TX 75390, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Benjamin P Brown
- Chemical and Physical Biology Program, Center for Structural Biology, and Medical Scientist Training Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA; Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical School, Leipzig, SAC 04103, Germany
| | - Arnaldo Marín
- UTSW Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, TX 75390, USA; Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Harikrishna S Jayanthan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Dan Ye
- UTSW Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chang-Ching Lin
- UTSW Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hiroaki Akamatsu
- UTSW Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kyung-Min Lee
- UTSW Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, TX 75390, USA; Department of Life Sciences, College of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumanta Chatterjee
- UTSW Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dhivya R Sudhan
- UTSW Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, TX 75390, USA
| | - Alberto Servetto
- UTSW Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, TX 75390, USA
| | - Monica Red Brewer
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - James P Koch
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jonathan H Sheehan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jie He
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | | | - Carlos L Arteaga
- UTSW Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, TX 75390, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Liu C, Barger CJ, Karpf AR. FOXM1: A Multifunctional Oncoprotein and Emerging Therapeutic Target in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3065. [PMID: 34205406 PMCID: PMC8235333 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a member of the conserved forkhead box (FOX) transcription factor family. Over the last two decades, FOXM1 has emerged as a multifunctional oncoprotein and a robust biomarker of poor prognosis in many human malignancies. In this review article, we address the current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of regulation and oncogenic functions of FOXM1, particularly in the context of ovarian cancer. FOXM1 and its associated oncogenic transcriptional signature are enriched in >85% of ovarian cancer cases and FOXM1 expression and activity can be enhanced by a plethora of genomic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational mechanisms. As a master transcriptional regulator, FOXM1 promotes critical oncogenic phenotypes in ovarian cancer, including: (1) cell proliferation, (2) invasion and metastasis, (3) chemotherapy resistance, (4) cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, (5) genomic instability, and (6) altered cellular metabolism. We additionally discuss the evidence for FOXM1 as a cancer biomarker, describe the rationale for FOXM1 as a cancer therapeutic target, and provide an overview of therapeutic strategies used to target FOXM1 for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adam R. Karpf
- Eppley Institute and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68918-6805, USA; (C.L.); (C.J.B.)
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36
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Borrero-García LD, Del Mar Maldonado M, Medina-Velázquez J, Troche-Torres AL, Velazquez L, Grafals-Ruiz N, Dharmawardhane S. Rac inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy for EGFR/HER2 targeted therapy resistant breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:652. [PMID: 34074257 PMCID: PMC8170972 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08366-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Even though targeted therapies are available for cancers expressing oncogenic epidermal growth receptor (EGFR) and (or) human EGFR2 (HER2), acquired or intrinsic resistance often confounds therapy success. Common mechanisms of therapy resistance involve activating receptor point mutations and (or) upregulation of signaling downstream of EGFR/HER2 to Akt and (or) mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. However, additional pathways of resistance may exist thus, confounding successful therapy. Methods To determine novel mechanisms of EGFR/HER2 therapy resistance in breast cancer, gefitinib or lapatinib resistant variants were created from SKBR3 breast cancer cells. Syngenic therapy sensitive and resistant SKBR3 variants were characterized for mechanisms of resistance by mammosphere assays, viability assays, and western blotting for total and phospho proteins. Results Gefitinib and lapatinib treatments reduced mammosphere formation in the sensitive cells, but not in the therapy resistant variants, indicating enhanced mesenchymal and cancer stem cell-like characteristics in therapy resistant cells. The therapy resistant variants did not show significant changes in known therapy resistant pathways of AKT and MAPK activities downstream of EGFR/HER2. However, these cells exhibited elevated expression and activation of the small GTPase Rac, which is a pivotal intermediate of GFR signaling in EMT and metastasis. Therefore, the potential of the Rac inhibitors EHop-016 and MBQ-167 to overcome therapy resistance was tested, and found to inhibit viability and induce apoptosis of therapy resistant cells. Conclusions Rac inhibition may represent a viable strategy for treatment of EGFR/HER2 targeted therapy resistant breast cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08366-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis D Borrero-García
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Maria Del Mar Maldonado
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Julia Medina-Velázquez
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Angel L Troche-Torres
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Luis Velazquez
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Nilmary Grafals-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Suranganie Dharmawardhane
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
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37
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Mezynski MJ, Farrelly AM, Cremona M, Carr A, Morgan C, Workman J, Armstrong P, McAuley J, Madden S, Fay J, Sheehan KM, Kay EW, Holohan C, Elamin Y, Rafee S, Morris PG, Breathnach O, Grogan L, Hennessy BT, Toomey S. Targeting the PI3K and MAPK pathways to improve response to HER2-targeted therapies in HER2-positive gastric cancer. J Transl Med 2021; 19:184. [PMID: 33933113 PMCID: PMC8088633 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02842-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant PI3K signalling is implicated in trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive gastric cancer (GC). The role of PI3K or MEK inhibitors in sensitising HER2-positive GCs to trastuzumab or in overcoming trastuzumab resistance is unclear. Methods Using mass spectrometry-based genotyping we analysed 105 hotspot, non-synonymous somatic mutations in PIK3CA and ERBB-family (EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB3 and ERBB4) genes in gastric tumour samples from 69 patients. A panel of gastric cell lines (N87, OE19, ESO26, SNU16, KATOIII) were profiled for anti-proliferative response to the PI3K inhibitor copanlisib and the MEK1/2 inhibitor refametinib alone and in combination with anti-HER2 therapies. Results Patients with HER2-positive GC had significantly poorer overall survival compared to HER2-negative patients (15.9 months vs. 35.7 months). Mutations in PIK3CA were only identified in HER2-negative tumours, while ERBB-family mutations were identified in HER2-positive and HER2-negative tumours. Copanlisib had anti-proliferative effects in 4/5 cell lines, with IC50s ranging from 23.4 (N87) to 93.8 nM (SNU16). All HER2-positive cell lines except SNU16 were sensitive to lapatinib (IC50s 0.04 µM–1.5 µM). OE19 cells were resistant to trastuzumab. The combination of lapatinib and copanlisib was synergistic in ESO-26 and OE-19 cells (ED50: 0.83 ± 0.19 and 0.88 ± 0.13, respectively) and additive in NCI-N87 cells (ED50:1.01 ± 0.55). The combination of copanlisib and trastuzumab significantly improved growth inhibition compared to either therapy alone in NCI-N87, ESO26 and OE19 cells (p < 0.05). Conclusions PI3K or MEK inhibition alone or in combination with anti-HER2 therapy may represent an improved treatment strategy for some patients with HER2-positive GC, and warrants further investigation in a clinical trial setting. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-02842-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Janusz Mezynski
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Angela M Farrelly
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Mattia Cremona
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Aoife Carr
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Clare Morgan
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Julie Workman
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Paul Armstrong
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Jennifer McAuley
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Stephen Madden
- Data Science Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanna Fay
- Department of Histopathology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katherine M Sheehan
- Department of Histopathology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elaine W Kay
- Department of Histopathology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciara Holohan
- Department of Medical Oncology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yasir Elamin
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Shereen Rafee
- Department of Medical Oncology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick G Morris
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oscar Breathnach
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Liam Grogan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bryan T Hennessy
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.,Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinead Toomey
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Smurfit Building, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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Kurosaki H, Nakatake M, Sakamoto T, Kuwano N, Yamane M, Ishii K, Fujiwara Y, Nakamura T. Anti-Tumor Effects of MAPK-Dependent Tumor-Selective Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Armed with CD/UPRT against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in Mice. Cells 2021; 10:cells10050985. [PMID: 33922406 PMCID: PMC8145488 DOI: 10.3390/cells10050985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineered vaccinia virus serves as an oncolytic virus for cancer virotherapy. We evaluated the oncolytic characteristics of VGF- and O1-deleted recombinant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent vaccinia virus (MDRVV). We found that compared with viruses with the deletion of either gene alone, MDRVV is more attenuated in normal cells and can replicate in cancer cells that exhibit constitutive ERK1/2 activation in the MAPK pathway. We armed MDRVV with a bifunctional fusion gene encoding cytosine deaminase and uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (CD/UPRT), which converts 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) into chemotherapeutic agents, and evaluated its oncolytic activity alone or in combination with 5-FC in human pancreatic cancer cell lines, tumor mouse models of peritoneal dissemination and liver metastasis, and ex vivo-infected live pancreatic cancer patient-derived tissues. CD/UPRT-armed MDRVV alone could efficiently eliminate pancreatic cancers, and its antitumor effects were partially enhanced in combination with 5-FC in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the replication of MDRVV was detected in tumor cells of patient-derived, surgically resected tissues, which showed enlarged nuclei and high expression of pERK1/2 and Ki-67, and not in stromal cells. Our findings suggest that systemic injections of CD/UPRT-armed MDRVV alone or in combination with 5-FC are promising therapeutic strategies for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Kurosaki
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan; (H.K.); (M.N.); (N.K.); (M.Y.); (K.I.)
| | - Motomu Nakatake
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan; (H.K.); (M.N.); (N.K.); (M.Y.); (K.I.)
| | - Teruhisa Sakamoto
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan; (T.S.); (Y.F.)
| | - Nozomi Kuwano
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan; (H.K.); (M.N.); (N.K.); (M.Y.); (K.I.)
| | - Masato Yamane
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan; (H.K.); (M.N.); (N.K.); (M.Y.); (K.I.)
| | - Kenta Ishii
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan; (H.K.); (M.N.); (N.K.); (M.Y.); (K.I.)
| | - Yoshiyuki Fujiwara
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan; (T.S.); (Y.F.)
| | - Takafumi Nakamura
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan; (H.K.); (M.N.); (N.K.); (M.Y.); (K.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-859-38-7550; Fax: +81-859-38-6422
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HER2-Targeted Immunotherapy and Combined Protocols Showed Promising Antiproliferative Effects in Feline Mammary Carcinoma Cell-Based Models. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092007. [PMID: 33919468 PMCID: PMC8122524 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mammary tumors are common in cats, presenting an aggressive behavior with high tumor recurrence. Therefore, new and efficient therapeutic protocols are urgent. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs; ADC) are widely used in human breast cancer therapy, inhibiting the HER2 dimerization and leading to cell apoptosis. Furthermore, drug combinations, with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKi) are valuable in patients’ therapeutic protocols. In this study, two mAbs, and an ADC, as well as combined protocols between mAbs and mAbs plus lapatinib (TKi) were tested to address if the drugs could be used as new therapeutic options in feline mammary tumors. All the compounds and the combined treatments revealed valuable antiproliferative effects, and a conserved cell death mechanism, by apoptosis, in the feline cell lines, where the mutations found in the extracellular domain of the HER2 suggest no immunotherapy resistance. Abstract Feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) is a highly prevalent tumor, showing aggressive clinicopathological features, with HER2-positive being the most frequent subtype. While, in human breast cancer, the use of anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is common, acting by blocking the extracellular domain (ECD) of the HER2 protein and by inducing cell apoptosis, scarce information is available on use these immunoagents in FMC. Thus, the antiproliferative effects of two mAbs (trastuzumab and pertuzumab), of an antibody–drug conjugate compound (T-DM1) and of combined treatments with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (lapatinib) were evaluated on three FMC cell lines (CAT-MT, FMCm and FMCp). In parallel, the DNA sequence of the her2 ECD (subdomains II and IV) was analyzed in 40 clinical samples of FMC, in order to identify mutations, which can lead to antibody resistance or be used as prognostic biomarkers. Results obtained revealed a strong antiproliferative effect in all feline cell lines, and a synergistic response was observed when combined therapies were performed. Additionally, the mutations found were not described as inducing resistance to therapy in breast cancer patients. Altogether, our results suggested that anti-HER2 mAbs could become useful in the treatment of FMC, particularly, if combined with lapatinib, since drug-resistance seems to be rare.
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Rinne SS, Orlova A, Tolmachev V. PET and SPECT Imaging of the EGFR Family (RTK Class I) in Oncology. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073663. [PMID: 33915894 PMCID: PMC8036874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor family (EGFR-family, other designations: HER family, RTK Class I) is strongly linked to oncogenic transformation. Its members are frequently overexpressed in cancer and have become attractive targets for cancer therapy. To ensure effective patient care, potential responders to HER-targeted therapy need to be identified. Radionuclide molecular imaging can be a key asset for the detection of overexpression of EGFR-family members. It meets the need for repeatable whole-body assessment of the molecular disease profile, solving problems of heterogeneity and expression alterations over time. Tracer development is a multifactorial process. The optimal tracer design depends on the application and the particular challenges of the molecular target (target expression in tumors, endogenous expression in healthy tissue, accessibility). We have herein summarized the recent preclinical and clinical data on agents for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPECT) imaging of EGFR-family receptors in oncology. Antibody-based tracers are still extensively investigated. However, their dominance starts to be challenged by a number of tracers based on different classes of targeting proteins. Among these, engineered scaffold proteins (ESP) and single domain antibodies (sdAb) show highly encouraging results in clinical studies marking a noticeable trend towards the use of smaller sized agents for HER imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S. Rinne
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.S.R.); (A.O.)
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.S.R.); (A.O.)
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-704-250-782
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Yeh SJ, Hsu BJ, Chen BS. Systems Medicine Design for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Non-Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Based on Systems Identification and Carcinogenic Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063083. [PMID: 33802957 PMCID: PMC8002730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous subtype of breast cancers with poor prognosis. The etiology of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is involved in various biological signal cascades and multifactorial aberrations of genetic, epigenetic and microenvironment. New therapeutic for TNBC is urgently needed because surgery and chemotherapy are the only available modalities nowadays. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms would be a great challenge because they are triggered by cascade signaling pathways, genetic and epigenetic regulations, and drug–target interactions. This would allow the design of multi-molecule drugs for the TNBC and non-TNBC. In this study, in terms of systems biology approaches, we proposed a systematic procedure for systems medicine design toward TNBC and non-TNBC. For systems biology approaches, we constructed a candidate genome-wide genetic and epigenetic network (GWGEN) by big databases mining and identified real GWGENs of TNBC and non-TNBC assisting with corresponding microarray data by system identification and model order selection methods. After that, we applied the principal network projection (PNP) approach to obtain the core signaling pathways denoted by KEGG pathway of TNBC and non-TNBC. Comparing core signaling pathways of TNBC and non-TNBC, essential carcinogenic biomarkers resulting in multiple cellular dysfunctions including cell proliferation, autophagy, immune response, apoptosis, metastasis, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cell differentiation could be found. In order to propose potential candidate drugs for the selected biomarkers, we designed filters considering toxicity and regulation ability. With the proposed systematic procedure, we not only shed a light on the differences between carcinogenetic molecular mechanisms of TNBC and non-TNBC but also efficiently proposed candidate multi-molecule drugs including resveratrol, sirolimus, and prednisolone for TNBC and resveratrol, sirolimus, carbamazepine, and verapamil for non-TNBC.
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Gameiro A, Almeida F, Nascimento C, Correia J, Ferreira F. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Are Promising Therapeutic Tools for Cats with HER2-Positive Mammary Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030346. [PMID: 33800900 PMCID: PMC8002158 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) is a common neoplasia in cat, being HER2-positive the most prevalent subtype. In woman’s breast cancer, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKi) are used as a therapeutic option, by blocking the phosphorylation of the HER2 tyrosine kinase domain. Moreover, clinical trials demonstrated that TKi produce synergistic antiproliferative effects in combination with mTOR inhibitors, overcoming resistance to therapy. Thus, to uncover new chemotherapeutic strategies for cats, the antiproliferative effects of two TKi (lapatinib and neratinib), and their combination with a mTOR inhibitor (rapamycin), were evaluated in FMC cell lines (CAT-M, FMCp and FMCm) and compared with a human breast cancer cell line (SkBR-3). Results revealed that both TKi induced antiproliferative effects in all feline cell lines, by blocking the phosphorylation of EGFR members and its downstream effectors. Furthermore, combined treatments with rapamycin presented synergetic antiproliferative effects. Additionally, the DNA sequence of the her2 TK domain (exons 18 to 20) was determined in 40 FMC tissue samples, and despite several mutations were found none of them were described as inducing resistance to therapy. Altogether, our results demonstrated that TKi and combined protocols may be useful in the treatment of cats with mammary carcinomas, and that TKi-resistant FMC are rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Gameiro
- CIISA—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.G.); (F.A.); (C.N.); (J.C.)
| | - Filipe Almeida
- CIISA—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.G.); (F.A.); (C.N.); (J.C.)
- Antiviral Resistance Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Nascimento
- CIISA—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.G.); (F.A.); (C.N.); (J.C.)
| | - Jorge Correia
- CIISA—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.G.); (F.A.); (C.N.); (J.C.)
| | - Fernando Ferreira
- CIISA—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.G.); (F.A.); (C.N.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-21-365-2800 (ext. 431234)
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Vural S, Palmisano A, Reinhold WC, Pommier Y, Teicher BA, Krushkal J. Association of expression of epigenetic molecular factors with DNA methylation and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents in cancer cell lines. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:49. [PMID: 33676569 PMCID: PMC7936435 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered DNA methylation patterns play important roles in cancer development and progression. We examined whether expression levels of genes directly or indirectly involved in DNA methylation and demethylation may be associated with response of cancer cell lines to chemotherapy treatment with a variety of antitumor agents. RESULTS We analyzed 72 genes encoding epigenetic factors directly or indirectly involved in DNA methylation and demethylation processes. We examined association of their pretreatment expression levels with methylation beta-values of individual DNA methylation probes, DNA methylation averaged within gene regions, and average epigenome-wide methylation levels. We analyzed data from 645 cancer cell lines and 23 cancer types from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer datasets. We observed numerous correlations between expression of genes encoding epigenetic factors and response to chemotherapeutic agents. Expression of genes encoding a variety of epigenetic factors, including KDM2B, DNMT1, EHMT2, SETDB1, EZH2, APOBEC3G, and other genes, was correlated with response to multiple agents. DNA methylation of numerous target probes and gene regions was associated with expression of multiple genes encoding epigenetic factors, underscoring complex regulation of epigenome methylation by multiple intersecting molecular pathways. The genes whose expression was associated with methylation of multiple epigenome targets encode DNA methyltransferases, TET DNA methylcytosine dioxygenases, the methylated DNA-binding protein ZBTB38, KDM2B, SETDB1, and other molecular factors which are involved in diverse epigenetic processes affecting DNA methylation. While baseline DNA methylation of numerous epigenome targets was correlated with cell line response to antitumor agents, the complex relationships between the overlapping effects of each epigenetic factor on methylation of specific targets and the importance of such influences in tumor response to individual agents require further investigation. CONCLUSIONS Expression of multiple genes encoding epigenetic factors is associated with drug response and with DNA methylation of numerous epigenome targets that may affect response to therapeutic agents. Our findings suggest complex and interconnected pathways regulating DNA methylation in the epigenome, which may both directly and indirectly affect response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Vural
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Alida Palmisano
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- General Dynamics Information Technology (GDIT), 3150 Fairview Park Drive, Falls Church, VA, 22042, USA
| | - William C Reinhold
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Beverly A Teicher
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Julia Krushkal
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
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Structure-function analysis of oncogenic EGFR Kinase Domain Duplication reveals insights into activation and a potential approach for therapeutic targeting. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1382. [PMID: 33654076 PMCID: PMC7925532 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21613-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic understanding of oncogenic variants facilitates the development and optimization of treatment strategies. We recently identified in-frame, tandem duplication of EGFR exons 18 - 25, which causes EGFR Kinase Domain Duplication (EGFR-KDD). Here, we characterize the prevalence of ERBB family KDDs across multiple human cancers and evaluate the functional biochemistry of EGFR-KDD as it relates to pathogenesis and potential therapeutic intervention. We provide computational and experimental evidence that EGFR-KDD functions by forming asymmetric EGF-independent intra-molecular and EGF-dependent inter-molecular dimers. Time-resolved fluorescence microscopy and co-immunoprecipitation reveals EGFR-KDD can form ligand-dependent inter-molecular homo- and hetero-dimers/multimers. Furthermore, we show that inhibition of EGFR-KDD activity is maximally achieved by blocking both intra- and inter-molecular dimerization. Collectively, our findings define a previously unrecognized model of EGFR dimerization, providing important insights for the understanding of EGFR activation mechanisms and informing personalized treatment of patients with tumors harboring EGFR-KDD. Finally, we establish ERBB KDDs as recurrent oncogenic events in multiple cancers. An EGFR mutant with kinase domain duplication (EGFR-KDD) was previously identified in an index patient, but the functional and therapeutic implications remain unclear. Here, the authors show that KDD occurs in other ErbB receptors in multiple cancers, and characterize the mechanism and inhibition of EGFR-KDD.
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Gutsch D, Jenke R, Büch T, Aigner A. Inhibition of HER Receptors Reveals Distinct Mechanisms of Compensatory Upregulation of Other HER Family Members: Basis for Acquired Resistance and for Combination Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:272. [PMID: 33572976 PMCID: PMC7911202 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of members of the HER/erbB transmembrane tyrosine kinase family like HER2/erbB2/neu is associated with various cancers. Some heterodimers, especially HER2/HER3 heterodimers, are particularly potent inducers of oncogenic signaling. Still, from a clinical viewpoint their inhibition has yielded only moderate success so far, despite promising data from cell cultures. This suggests acquired resistance upon inhibitor therapy as one putative issue, requiring further studies in cell culture also aiming at rational combination therapies. In this paper, we demonstrate in ovarian carcinoma cells that the RNAi-mediated single knockdown of HER2 or HER3 leads to the rapid counter-upregulation of the respective other HER family member, thus providing a rational basis for combinatorial inhibition. Concomitantly, combined knockdown of HER2/HER3 exerts stronger anti-tumor effects as compared to single inhibition. In a tumor cell line xenograft mouse model, therapeutic intervention with nanoscale complexes based on polyethylenimine (PEI) for siRNA delivery, again reveals HER3 upregulation upon HER2 single knockdown and a therapeutic benefit from combination therapy. On the mechanistic side, we demonstrate that HER2 knockdown or inhibition reduces miR-143 levels with subsequent de-repression of HER3 expression, and validates HER3 as a direct target of miR-143. HER3 knockdown or inhibition, in turn, increases HER2 expression through the upregulation of the transcriptional regulator SATB1. These counter-upregulation processes of HER family members are thus based on distinct molecular mechanisms and may provide the basis for the rational combination of inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gutsch
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; (D.G.); (R.J.); (T.B.)
| | - Robert Jenke
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; (D.G.); (R.J.); (T.B.)
- University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), University Hospital Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Büch
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; (D.G.); (R.J.); (T.B.)
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; (D.G.); (R.J.); (T.B.)
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Application of Tucatinib and Trastuzumab: Dual Anti HER2 Therapy Against HER2 Positive Breast Cancer. Indian J Clin Biochem 2021; 36:124-125. [PMID: 33505137 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-019-00863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Synergism in action of tucatinib and trastumab is reported in breast cancer management. However, its molecular basis is yet to be determined. In this context we attempted to provide an explanation at the molecular level by performing in silico experimentation and coupling its result with already available published observations. Our study will provide basis for planning further experimental study for unravelling the truth.
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Comparative analysis of drug response and gene profiling of HER2-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:1249-1259. [PMID: 33473169 PMCID: PMC8007737 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01257-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2/ERBB2) is frequently amplified/mutated in cancer. The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) lapatinib, neratinib, and tucatinib are FDA-approved for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. Direct comparisons of the preclinical efficacy of the TKIs have been limited to small-scale studies. Novel biomarkers are required to define beneficial patient populations. Methods In this study, the anti-proliferative effects of the three TKIs were directly compared using a 115 cancer cell line panel. Novel TKI response/resistance markers were identified through cross-analysis of drug response profiles with mutation, gene copy number and expression data. Results All three TKIs were effective against HER2-amplified breast cancer models; neratinib showing the most potent activity, followed by tucatinib then lapatinib. Neratinib displayed the greatest activity in HER2-mutant and EGFR-mutant cells. High expression of HER2, VTCN1, CDK12, and RAC1 correlated with response to all three TKIs. DNA damage repair genes were associated with TKI resistance. BRCA2 mutations were correlated with neratinib and tucatinib response, and high expression of ATM, BRCA2, and BRCA1 were associated with neratinib resistance. Conclusions Neratinib was the most effective HER2-targeted TKI against HER2-amplified, -mutant, and EGFR-mutant cell lines. This analysis revealed novel resistance mechanisms that may be exploited using combinatorial strategies.
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Slomovitz BM, Chelariu-Raicu A, Schmeler KM, Lu KH, Gershenson DM, Wolf J, Coleman RL. Phase 2 study of cetuximab (Erbitux) in patients with progressive or recurrent endometrial cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2020; 30:1733-1737. [PMID: 33020204 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2020-001859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) found in common subtypes of endometrial cancer has been associated with advanced stage disease and a poor prognosis. The purpose of this phase 2 study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cetuximab in patients with recurrent endometrial cancer. METHODS The study was an open-label phase 2 clinical trial conducted at two institutions. Patients with recurrent or progressive endometrial cancer of any histologic type with the exception of uterine sarcoma received cetuximab at an initial dose of 400 mg/m2 IV followed by weekly doses of 250 mg/m2. One cycle was considered 4 weeks of treatment. The primary efficacy endpoint was clinical benefit response, defined as a complete or partial response or prolonged stable disease (>8 weeks) by RECIST 1.0 criteria. RESULTS A total of 30 patients were enrolled with a median age of 64 years (range 42-83). Of the 20 evaluable patients, three (15%) had clinical benefit response (one complete response, two stable disease). The patient with a clinical benefit response received a total of 27 cycles and the two patients with stable disease were taken off the study due to progression after four and six cycles, respectively. Of the 10 inevaluable patients, nine received ≤1 cycle due to clinical deterioration and one had an anaphylactic reaction. One patient had a grade 3 rash which resolved after a delay in treatment. No dose reduction was reported. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort, single agent therapy with cetuximab was well tolerated and had a 15% clinical benefit response. Further studies are required to better identify patients who may respond to this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Slomovitz
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Broward Health Medical Center, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Anca Chelariu-Raicu
- Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kathleen M Schmeler
- Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Karen H Lu
- Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David M Gershenson
- Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Judith Wolf
- Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert L Coleman
- Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, Texas, USA
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Saotome K, Chiyoda T, Aimono E, Nakamura K, Tanishima S, Nohara S, Okada C, Hayashi H, Kuroda Y, Nomura H, Susumu N, Iwata T, Yamagami W, Kataoka F, Nishihara H, Aoki D. Clinical implications of next-generation sequencing-based panel tests for malignant ovarian tumors. Cancer Med 2020; 9:7407-7417. [PMID: 32813918 PMCID: PMC7571820 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine based on cancer genomics is being applied in clinical practice. However, patients do not always derive benefits from genomic testing. Here, we performed targeted amplicon exome sequencing‐based panel tests, including 160 cancer‐related genes (PleSSision‐160), on 88 malignant ovarian tumors (high‐grade serous carcinoma, 27; endometrioid carcinoma, 15; clear cell carcinoma, 30; mucinous carcinoma, 6; undifferentiated carcinoma, 4; and others, 6 (immature teratoma, 1; carcinosarcoma, 3; squamous cell carcinoma, 1; and mixed, 1)), to assess treatment strategies and useful biomarkers for malignant ovarian tumors. Overall, actionable gene variants were found in 90.9%, and druggable gene variants were found in 40.9% of the cases. Actionable BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants were found in 4.5% of each of the cases. ERBB2 amplification was found in 33.3% of mucinous carcinoma cases. Druggable hypermutation/ultramutation (tumor mutation burden ≥ 10 SNVs/Mbp) was found in 7.4% of high‐grade serous carcinoma, 46.7% of endometrioid carcinoma, 10% of clear cell carcinoma, 0% of mucinous carcinoma, 25% of undifferentiated carcinoma, and 33.3% of the other cancer cases. Copy number alterations were significantly higher in high‐grade serous carcinoma (P < .005) than in other histologic subtypes; some clear cell carcinoma showed high copy number alterations that were correlated with advanced stage (P < .05) and worse survival (P < .01). A high count of copy number alteration was associated with worse survival in all malignant ovarian tumors (P < .05). Our study shows that targeted agents can be detected in approximately 40% of malignant ovarian tumors via multigene panel testing, and copy number alteration count can be a useful marker to help assess risks in malignant ovarian tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Saotome
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Chiyoda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eriko Aimono
- Genomics Unit, Keio Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Nakamura
- Genomics Unit, Keio Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Tanishima
- Department of Biomedical Informatics Development, Mitsubishi Space Software Co., Ltd, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Sachio Nohara
- Department of Biomedical Informatics Development, Mitsubishi Space Software Co., Ltd, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Chihiro Okada
- Department of Biomedical Informatics Development, Mitsubishi Space Software Co., Ltd, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hayashi
- Genomics Unit, Keio Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Kuroda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nomura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Susumu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International University of Health and Welfare, School of Medicine, Narita, Japan
| | - Takashi Iwata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Yamagami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumio Kataoka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishihara
- Genomics Unit, Keio Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Significance of EGFR/HER2 Expression and PIK3CA Mutations in Giant Cell Tumour of Bone Development. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/2931784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Giant Cell Tumour of Bone (GCTB) is a rare bone tumour. Locally aggressive and recurrent, it might evolve into pulmonary metastases. Our present work is aimed at investigating the involvement of the epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB) family and its downstream effectors in the development and recurrence of GCTB. For this purpose, we used a cohort of 32 GCTB patients and we evaluated the clinicohistological features and the expression of RANKL, EGFR, and HER2. The mutation status of KRAS, PI3KCA, and PTEN gene as potential oncogene involved in GCTB was also evaluated. We found a significant correlation between advanced histological stages, overexpression of EGFR/HER2, and tumour recurrence. Moreover, two mutations were found in the PIK3CA gene: a missense mutation, 1634A>C, detected for the first time in GCTB patients, without influencing the stability of the protein, and a frameshift mutation, c.1658_1659delGTinsC, causing the loss of the protein kinase domain. Altogether, these results suggest that overexpression of HER2/EGFR, Campanacci, and histological stages could be used as a novel prognostic marker for GCTB recurrence.
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