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Di Vito A, Mandrone M, Chiocchio I, Gorini F, Ravegnini G, Coschina E, Benuzzi E, Trincia S, Nozella AH, Aasen T, Sanna C, Morroni F, Hrelia P, Poli F, Angelini S. Arbutus unedo L. Fractions Exhibit Chemotherapeutic Properties for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1201. [PMID: 38732416 PMCID: PMC11085211 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Novel treatments in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are essential due to imatinib resistance and the modest results obtained with multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We investigated the possibility that the hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves of Arbutus unedo L. (AUN) could harbor novel chemotherapeutics. The bio-guided fractionation of AUN led to a subfraction, FR2-A, that affected the viability of both imatinib-sensitive and -resistant GIST cells. Cells treated with FR2-A were positive for Annexin V staining, a marker of apoptosis. A rapid PARP-1 downregulation was observed, although without the traditional caspase-dependent cleavage. The fractionation of FR2-A produced nine further active subfractions (FRs), indicating that different molecules contributed to the effect promoted by FR2-A. NMR analysis revealed that pyrogallol-bearing compounds, such as gallic acid, gallic acid hexoside, gallocatechin, myricetin hexoside, and trigalloyl-glucose, are the main components of active FRs. Notably, FRs similarly impaired the viability of GIST cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), suggesting a non-specific mechanism of action. Nevertheless, despite the lack of specificity, the established FRs showed promising chemotherapeutic properties to broadly affect the viability of GIST cells, including those that are imatinib-resistant, encouraging further studies to investigate whether pyrogallol-bearing compounds could represent an alternative avenue in GISTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Di Vito
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.G.); (G.R.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.T.); (A.H.N.); (F.M.); (F.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Manuela Mandrone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.G.); (G.R.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.T.); (A.H.N.); (F.M.); (F.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Ilaria Chiocchio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.G.); (G.R.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.T.); (A.H.N.); (F.M.); (F.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Francesca Gorini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.G.); (G.R.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.T.); (A.H.N.); (F.M.); (F.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Gloria Ravegnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.G.); (G.R.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.T.); (A.H.N.); (F.M.); (F.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Emma Coschina
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.G.); (G.R.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.T.); (A.H.N.); (F.M.); (F.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Eva Benuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.G.); (G.R.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.T.); (A.H.N.); (F.M.); (F.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Simona Trincia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.G.); (G.R.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.T.); (A.H.N.); (F.M.); (F.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Augusto Hubaide Nozella
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.G.); (G.R.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.T.); (A.H.N.); (F.M.); (F.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Trond Aasen
- Patologia Molecular Translacional, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Cinzia Sanna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 091243 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Fabiana Morroni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.G.); (G.R.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.T.); (A.H.N.); (F.M.); (F.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.G.); (G.R.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.T.); (A.H.N.); (F.M.); (F.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Ferruccio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.G.); (G.R.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.T.); (A.H.N.); (F.M.); (F.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (F.G.); (G.R.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (S.T.); (A.H.N.); (F.M.); (F.P.); (S.A.)
- Inter-Departmental Center for Health Sciences & Technologies, CIRI-SDV, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Burcher JT, DeLiberto LK, Allen AM, Kilpatrick KL, Bishayee A. Bioactive phytocompounds for oral cancer prevention and treatment: A comprehensive and critical evaluation. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:2025-2085. [PMID: 37143373 DOI: 10.1002/med.21969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The high incidence of oral cancer combined with excessive treatment cost underscores the need for novel oral cancer preventive and therapeutic options. The value of natural agents, including plant secondary metabolites (phytochemicals), in preventing carcinogenesis and representing expansive source of anticancer drugs have been established. While fragmentary research data are available on antioral cancer effects of phytochemicals, a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the potential of these agents for the prevention and intervention of human oral malignancies has not been conducted according to our knowledge. This study presents a complete and critical analysis of current preclinical and clinical results on the prevention and treatment of oral cancer using phytochemicals. Our in-depth analysis highlights anticancer effects of various phytochemicals, such as phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and sulfur-containing compounds, against numerous oral cancer cells and/or in vivo oral cancer models by antiproliferative, proapoptotic, cell cycle-regulatory, antiinvasive, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic effects. Bioactive phytochemicals exert their antineoplastic effects by modulating various signaling pathways, specifically involving the epidermal growth factor receptor, cytokine receptors, toll-like receptors, and tumor necrosis factor receptor and consequently alter the expression of downstream genes and proteins. Interestingly, phytochemicals demonstrate encouraging effects in clinical trials, such as reduction of oral lesion size, cell growth, pain score, and development of new lesions. While most phytochemicals displayed minimal toxicity, concerns with bioavailability may limit their clinical application. Future directions for research include more in-depth mechanistic in vivo studies, administration of phytochemicals using novel formulations, investigation of phytocompounds as adjuvants to conventional treatment, and randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack T Burcher
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Lindsay K DeLiberto
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Andrea M Allen
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Kaitlyn L Kilpatrick
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
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Ono M, Miyamoto T, Fuseya C, Asaka R, Ando H, Tanaka Y, Shinagawa M, Yokokawa Y, Takeuchi H, Horiuchi A, Shiozawa T. Anti-tumor effect of Wasabi component, 6-(methylsulfinyl) hexyl isothiocyanate, against endometrial carcinoma cells. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:9. [PMID: 36689027 PMCID: PMC9871149 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00617-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Wasabi is a traditional plant seasoning with an anti-septic function. Recent studies revealed several functions of Wasabi, such as anti-inflammation; however, the anti-tumor effect against endometrial carcinoma (EMC) cells has not been examined. In the present study, we investigated the anti-tumor effect of 6-(methylsulfinyl) hexyl isothiocyanate (6-MITC), a major chemical compound of Wasabi, against various EMC cell lines in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The effect of 6-MITC on cell viability was measured by the WST-1 assay in EMC and HUVEC cells. The impact of 6-MITC oral administration in nude mice was measured to assess the growth of the EMC xenograft and natural killer (NK) cell activity in the spleen. RESULTS The addition of 6-MITC suppressed the proliferation of EMC cells (Ishikawa, HEC265, HEC108, KLE, and HEC1B) dose-dependently, but not HUVEC cells. 6-MITC (5 µM) enhanced the cisplatin sensitivity of EMC cells. 6-MITC induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion in EMC cells other than HEC1B cells and was associated with increased expression of cleaved-caspase3 and decreased expression of BCL2. Oral administration of 6-MITC (2 and 4 µmol/kg) to Ishikawa and HEC1B xenografting mice resulted in a reduced tumor volume compared with the control (P < 0.05, 4 µmol/kg). Immunohistochemical staining of resected tumors revealed increased expression of Ki-67 and reduced cleaved-caspase3. Furthermore, 6-MITC treatment enhanced NK cell activity, especially when administered before tumor xenografting. CONCLUSION These results indicate that 6-MITC has a marked anti-tumor effect against EMC cells and a novel effect to enhance NK cell activity. These effects suggest the therapeutic potential of 6-MITC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Ono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Miyamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Chiho Fuseya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Asaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ando
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Manaka Shinagawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yokokawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hodaka Takeuchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akiko Horiuchi
- Horiuchi Ladies Clinic, 1-16-3 Tsukama, Matsumoto, 390-0821, Japan
| | - Tanri Shiozawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
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Angeloni C, Malaguti M, Prata C, Freschi M, Barbalace MC, Hrelia S. Mechanisms Underlying Neurodegenerative Disorders and Potential Neuroprotective Activity of Agrifood By-Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010094. [PMID: 36670956 PMCID: PMC9854890 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by progressive loss in selected areas of the nervous system, are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide due to an aging population. Despite their diverse clinical manifestations, neurodegenerative diseases are multifactorial disorders with standard features and mechanisms such as abnormal protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. As there are no effective treatments to counteract neurodegenerative diseases, increasing interest has been directed to the potential neuroprotective activities of plant-derived compounds found abundantly in food and in agrifood by-products. Food waste has an extremely negative impact on the environment, and recycling is needed to promote their disposal and overcome this problem. Many studies have been carried out to develop green and effective strategies to extract bioactive compounds from food by-products, such as peel, leaves, seeds, bran, kernel, pomace, and oil cake, and to investigate their biological activity. In this review, we focused on the potential neuroprotective activity of agrifood wastes obtained by common products widely produced and consumed in Italy, such as grapes, coffee, tomatoes, olives, chestnuts, onions, apples, and pomegranates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Angeloni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Marco Malaguti
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Cecilia Prata
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Michela Freschi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Barbalace
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
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Lenzi M, Turrini E, Catanzaro E, Cocchi V, Guerrini A, Hrelia P, Gasperini S, Stefanelli C, Abdi Bellau ML, Pellicioni V, Tacchini M, Greco G, Fimognari C. In Vitro Investigation of the Anticancer Properties of Ammodaucus Leucotrichus Coss. & Dur.. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1491. [PMID: 36558942 PMCID: PMC9785806 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the pharmacological activity of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Dur., a small annual species that grows in the Saharan and sub-Saharan countries. In the present study, we investigated whether the standardized ethanolic extract of A. leucotrichus fruits and R-perillaldehyde, a monoterpenoid isolated from A. leucotrichus fruits, are able to affect different processes involved in different phases of cancer development. In particular, we explored their genoprotective, proapoptotic, antiproliferative, and cytodifferentiating potential on different human cell models. We analyzed the genoprotective and proapoptotic activity on human lymphoblast cells (TK6) using the micronucleus test, and the cytodifferentiation effects on human promyelocytic cells (HL60) through the evaluation of different markers of differentiation forward granulocytes or monocytes. The results showed that the extract and perillaldehyde were able to induce apoptosis and protect from clastogen-induced DNA damage. To our best knowledge, this is the first report on the ability of A. leucotrichus and perillaldehyde to induce apoptosis and protect DNA from the toxicity of different compounds. Data reported in this work are the starting point for their pharmacological use. Going forward, efforts to determine their effects on other events associated with cancer development, such as angiogenesis and metastasization, will provide important information and improve our understanding of their potential in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Lenzi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via San Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Turrini
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Elena Catanzaro
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy (CDIT) Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veronica Cocchi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via San Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Guerrini
- Pharmaceutical Biology Lab., Research Unit 7 of Terra&Acqua Tech Technopole Lab., Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Piazzale Luciano Chiappini 3, 44123 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via San Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Gasperini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via San Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Stefanelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Pellicioni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Massimo Tacchini
- Pharmaceutical Biology Lab., Research Unit 7 of Terra&Acqua Tech Technopole Lab., Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Piazzale Luciano Chiappini 3, 44123 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giulia Greco
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
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Gasperini S, Bilel S, Cocchi V, Marti M, Lenzi M, Hrelia P. The Genotoxicity of Acrylfentanyl, Ocfentanyl and Furanylfentanyl Raises the Concern of Long-Term Consequences. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214406. [PMID: 36430883 PMCID: PMC9697990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Three fentanyl analogues Acrylfentanyl, Ocfentanyl and Furanylfentanyl are potent, rapid-acting synthetic analgesics that recently appeared on the illicit market of new psychoactive substances (NPS) under the class of new synthetic opioids (NSO). Pharmacotoxicological data on these three non-pharmaceutical fentanyl analogues are limited and studies on their genotoxicity are not yet available. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate this property. The ability to induce structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells was evaluated by employing the flow cytometric protocol of the in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus test. Our study demonstrated the non-genotoxicity of Fentanyl, i.e., the pharmaceutical progenitor of the class, while its illicit non-pharmaceutical analogues were found to be genotoxic. In particular, Acrylfentanyl led to a statistically significant increase in the MNi frequency at the highest concentration tested (75 μM), while Ocfentanyl and Furanylfentnyl each did so at both concentrations tested (150, 200 μM and 25, 50 μM, respectively). The study ended by investigating reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction as a possible mechanism linked to the proved genotoxic effect. The results showed a non-statistically significant increase in ROS levels in the cultures treated with all molecules under study. Overall, the proved genotoxicity raises concern about the possibility of serious long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Gasperini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrine Bilel
- LTTA Center and University Center of Gender Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Veronica Cocchi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Marti
- LTTA Center and University Center of Gender Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Collaborative Center of the National Early Warning System, Department for Anti-Drug Policies, Presidency of the Council of Ministers, 00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Monia Lenzi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Anti-Leukemic Activity of Brassica-Derived Bioactive Compounds in HL-60 Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113400. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a cancer of the myeloid blood cells mainly treated with chemotherapy for cancer remission, but this non-selective treatment also induces numerous side effects. Investigations with bioactive compounds from plant-derived foods against cancer have increased in the last years because there is an urgent need to search for new anti-leukemic agents possessing higher efficacy and selectivity for AML cells and fewer negative side effects. In this study, we analyzed the anti-leukemic activity of several phytochemicals that are representative of the major classes of compounds present in cruciferous foods (glucosinolates, isothiocyanates, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonols, and anthocyanins) in the human acute myeloid leukemia cell line HL-60. Our results revealed that among the different Brassica-derived compounds assayed, sulforaphane (SFN) (an aliphatic isothiocyanate) showed the most potent anti-leukemic activity with an IC50 value of 6 µM in dose-response MTT assays after 48 h of treatment. On the other hand, chlorogenic acid (a hydroxycinnamic acid) and cyanidin-3-glucoside (an anthocyanin) also displayed anti-leukemic potential, with IC50 values of 7 µM and 17 µM after 48 h of incubation, respectively. Importantly, these compounds did not show significant cell toxicity in macrophages-like differentiated cells at 10 and 25 µM, indicating that their cytotoxic effects were specific to AML cancer cells. Finally, we found that these three compounds were able to induce the NRF2/KEAP1 signaling pathway in a dose-dependent manner, highlighting SFN as the most potent NRF2 activator. Overall, the present evidence shed light on the potential for using foods and ingredients rich in anticancer bioactive phytochemicals from Brassica spp.
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6-(Methylsulfonyl) Hexyl Isothiocyanate: A Chemopreventive Agent Inducing Autophagy in Leukemia Cell Lines. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101485. [PMID: 36291694 PMCID: PMC9599183 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a fundamental catabolic process of cellular survival. The role of autophagy in cancer is highly complex: in the early stages of neoplastic transformation, it can act as a tumor suppressor avoiding the accumulation of proteins, damaged organelles, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), while during the advanced stages of cancer, autophagy is exploited by cancer cells to survive under starvation. 6-(Methylsulfonyl) hexyl isothiocyanate (6-MITC) is the most interesting compound in the Wasabia Japonica rizhome. Recently, we proved its ability to induce cytotoxic, cytostatic, and cell differentiation effects on leukemic cell lines and its antimutagenic activity on TK6 cells. In the current study, to further define its chemopreventive profile, Jurkat and HL-60 cells were treated with 6-MITC for 24 h. The modulation of the autophagic process and the involvement of ROS levels as a possible trigger mechanisms were analyzed by flow cytometry. We found that 6-MITC induced autophagy in Jurkat and HL-60 cells at the highest concentration tested and increased ROS intracellular levels in a dose-dependent manner. Our results implement available data to support 6-MITC as an attractive potential chemopreventive agent.
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Agri-Food Waste from Apple, Pear, and Sugar Beet as a Source of Protective Bioactive Molecules for Endothelial Dysfunction and Its Major Complications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091786. [PMID: 36139860 PMCID: PMC9495678 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial damage is recognized as the initial step that precedes several cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. It has been demonstrated that the best treatment for CVD is prevention, and, in the frame of a healthy lifestyle, the consumption of vegetables, rich in bioactive molecules, appears effective at reducing the risk of CVD. In this context, the large amount of agri-food industry waste, considered a global problem due to its environmental and economic impact, represents an unexplored source of bioactive compounds. This review provides a summary regarding the possible exploitation of waste or by-products derived by the processing of three traditional Italian crops-apple, pear, and sugar beet-as a source of bioactive molecules to protect endothelial function. Particular attention has been given to the bioactive chemical profile of these pomaces and their efficacy in various pathological conditions related to endothelial dysfunction. The waste matrices of apple, pear, and sugar beet crops can represent promising starting material for producing "upcycled" products with functional applications, such as the prevention of endothelial dysfunction linked to cardiovascular diseases.
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Chandran A, Jayasankar V, Spagnuolo P, Subramanian J. Bioactive Compounds from Curcuma amada and Their Effect on Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Crit Rev Oncog 2022; 27:23-31. [PMID: 37183936 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2023047542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive blood cancer with limited chemotherapy options and negative patient outcomes. Investigations with bioactive compounds from dietary sources against cancer have increased in the recent years, which highlight the need for novel therapeutic approaches and new anti-leukemic agents possessing higher efficacy and selectivity for AML cells and fewer negative side effects. Bioactive compounds demonstrated the ability to induce cell cycle blockage and apoptosis or autophagy in cancer cells, as well as inhibition of proliferation/migration and tumor progression, etc. Bioactive compounds isolated from dietary sources such as mango ginger show promise for AML treatment. Curcuma amada roots have been used in traditional medicine and showed antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer properties. Bioactive molecules isolated from C. amada showed effects on the mitochondrial metabolism and reduced the viability of multiple leukemic cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajila Chandran
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY, USA
| | - Varsha Jayasankar
- Cummings School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul Spagnuolo
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Manousek J, Kala P, Lokaj P, Ondrus T, Helanova K, Miklikova M, Brazdil V, Tomandlova M, Parenica J, Pavkova Goldbergova M, Hlasensky J. Oxidative Stress in Takotsubo Syndrome-Is It Essential for an Acute Attack? Indirect Evidences Support Multisite Impact Including the Calcium Overload-Energy Failure Hypothesis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:732708. [PMID: 34738019 PMCID: PMC8562109 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.732708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Indirect evidences in reviews and case reports on Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) support the fact that the existence of oxidative stress (OS) might be its common feature in the pre-acute stage. The sources of OS are exogenous (environmental factors including pharmacological and toxic influences) and endogenous, the combination of both may be present, and they are being discussed in detail. OS is associated with several pathological conditions representing TTS comorbidities and triggers. The dominant source of OS electrones are mitochondria. Our analysis of drug therapy related to acute TTS shows many interactions, e.g., cytostatics and glucocorticoids with mitochondrial cytochrome P450 and other enzymes important for OS. One of the most frequently discussed mechanisms in TTS is the effect of catecholamines on myocardium. Yet, their metabolic influence is neglected. OS is associated with the oxidation of catecholamines leading to the synthesis of their oxidized forms - aminochromes. Under pathological conditions, this pathway may dominate. There are evidences of interference between OS, catecholamine/aminochrome effects, their metabolism and antioxidant protection. The OS offensive may cause fast depletion of antioxidant protection including the homocystein-methionine system, whose activity decreases with age. The alteration of effector subcellular structures (mitochondria, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum) and subsequent changes in cellular energetics and calcium turnover may also occur and lead to the disruption of cellular function, including neurons and cardiomyocytes. On the organ level (nervous system and heart), neurocardiogenic stunning may occur. The effects of OS correspond to the effect of high doses of catecholamines in the experiment. Intensive OS might represent "conditio sine qua non" for this acute clinical condition. TTS might be significantly more complex pathology than currently perceived so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Manousek
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Petr Kala
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Petr Lokaj
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Tomas Ondrus
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Katerina Helanova
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marie Miklikova
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Vojtech Brazdil
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marie Tomandlova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jiri Parenica
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | | | - Jiri Hlasensky
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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12
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Cocchi V, Hrelia P, Lenzi M. Antimutagenic and Chemopreventive Properties of 6-(Methylsulfinyl) Hexyl Isothiocyanate on TK6 Human Cells by Flow Cytometry. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1242. [PMID: 32973500 PMCID: PMC7461824 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
6-(methylsulfinyl) hexyl isothiocyanate (6-MITC), is the main bioactive compound present in Wasabia japonica rhizome. Several scientific studies have shown that 6-MITC possesses interesting antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet and antioxidant properties which therefore suggested us it could have an interesting chemopreventive potential. In a recent publication, we demonstrated, in two different leukemia cell lines, its ability to modulate several mechanisms supporting its antitumor activity. For this reason, we thought useful to continue the research, by investigating the potential antimutagenic activity of 6-MITC and thus better define its profile as a possible chemopreventive agent. 6-MITC antimutagenic effect against two known mutagenic agents: the clastogen Mitomycin C (MMC) and the aneuplodogen Vinblastine (VINB), was analyzed, in terms of micronuclei frequency decrease, after short- and long- time treatment on TK6 human cells, using a new automated protocol of the “In Vitro Mammalian Cell Micronucleous Test” by flow cytometry. The results showed a different behavior of the isothiocyante. In particular, 6-MITC was unable to counteract the MMC genotoxicity, but when it was associated with VINB a statistically significant decrease in the micronuclei frequency was registered. Overall, the results obtained suggest a potential antimutagenic activity of 6-MITC, in particular against the aneuploidogen agents. This ability, to inhibit or counteract the mutations at the cellular level has a great therapeutic value and it represents a mechanism through a chemopreventive agent can express its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Cocchi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monia Lenzi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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13
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Corradetti B, Vaiasicca S, Mantovani M, Virgili E, Bonucci M, Hammarberg Ferri I. Bioactive Immunomodulatory Compounds: A Novel Combinatorial Strategy for Integrated Medicine in Oncology? BAIC Exposure in Cancer Cells. Integr Cancer Ther 2020; 18:1534735419866908. [PMID: 31416372 PMCID: PMC6699000 DOI: 10.1177/1534735419866908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Standardized Cultured Extract of Lentinula edodes Mycelia (also known as
Active Hexose Correlated Compound, AHCC) and Wasabia japonica
(Wasabi) are natural nutritional supplements known for their immunomodulatory
and anticancer potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the
combinatorial effect of the bioactive immunomodulatory compound (BAIC), obtained
by combining Wasabi and AHCC, on human breast (MCF-7) and pancreatic (Panc02)
adenocarcinoma cell lines. Data obtained revealed that BAIC determines a
striking decline in cancer cell growth at minimal concentrations compared with
the use of Wasabi and AHCC as single agents. A significant increase in the
G0/G1 subpopulation together with a marked
augmentation in the percentage of apoptotic cells was demonstrated by flow
cytometry, together with a significant upregulation in the expression of genes
associated to the apoptotic cascade in both cell lines. The inhibitory role BAIC
plays in mammospheres formation from MCF-7-derived cancer stem cells was shown
with a marked reduction in size and number. Interestingly, when BAIC was exposed
to monocytic cells, no cytotoxic effects were observed. A
monocytes-to-macrophages differentiation was rather observed with the
concomitant acquisition of an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Taken together, our
findings suggest that BAIC could be used as a potential integration of standard
chemotherapy treatments because of the improved inhibitory activity on cancer
cell proliferation and reduced potential adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Corradetti
- 1 Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.,2 Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,3 Center for Nanohealth, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | | | - Mauro Mantovani
- 4 Associazione Ricerche Terapie Innovative BioIntegrate, Bologna, Italy
| | - Edy Virgili
- 5 Associazione Ricerca Terapie Oncologiche Integrate, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Bonucci
- 5 Associazione Ricerca Terapie Oncologiche Integrate, Rome, Italy.,6 "Villa Benedetta" Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Wasabi Compound 6-(Methylsulfinyl) Hexyl Isothiocyanate Induces Cell Death with Coexisting Mitotic Arrest and Autophagy in Human Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia K562 Cells. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120774. [PMID: 31771225 PMCID: PMC6995613 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A natural compound from Wasabia japonica, 6-(methylsulfinyl) hexyl isothiocyanate (6-MITC) was investigated for its anti-leukemia activity and mechanism of action. It was found that 6-MITC inhibited the viability of human chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cells along with extensive mitotic arrest, spindle multipolarity, and cytoplasmic vacuole accumulation. The evidence of autophagy included the validation of autophagosomes with double-layered membranes under transmission electron microscopy, LC3I/II conversion, and the induction of G2/M phase arrest observed with acridine orange staining of treated cells, as well as the elevation of phosphorylated-histone H3 expression at the M phase. With regard to the expression of proteins related to mitosis, the down regulation of p-CHK1, p-CHK2, p-cdc25c, and p-cdc2, as well as the upregulation of cyclin B1, p-cdc20, cdc23, BubR1, Mad2, and p-plk-1 was observed. The knockdown of cdc20 was unable to block the effect of 6-MITC. The differentiation of k562 cells into monocytes, granulocytes, and megakaryocytes was not affected by 6-MITC. The 6-MITC-induced unique mode of cell death through the concurrent induction of mitosis and autophagy may have therapeutic potential. Further studies are required to elucidate the pathways associated with the counteracting occurrence of mitosis and autophagy.
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15
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Finkel-Oron A, Olchowski J, Jotkowitz A, Barski L. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy triggered by wasabi consumption: can sushi break your heart? BMJ Case Rep 2019; 12:12/9/e230065. [PMID: 31540920 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-230065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a left ventricular dysfunction that typically occurs after sudden intense emotional or physical stress and mimics myocardial infarction. We describe a case of a 60-year-old woman that presented to the emergency department with chest pain after she attended a wedding and ate a large amount of wasabi, assuming it to be an avocado. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of takotsubo cardiomyopathy triggered by wasabi consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alona Finkel-Oron
- Internal Medicine Ward F, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Judith Olchowski
- Internal Medicine Ward F, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Alan Jotkowitz
- Internal Medicine Ward F, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Leonid Barski
- Internal Medicine Ward F, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
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Lenzi M, Cocchi V, Novaković A, Karaman M, Sakač M, Mandić A, Pojić M, Barbalace MC, Angeloni C, Hrelia P, Malaguti M, Hrelia S. Meripilus giganteus ethanolic extract exhibits pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects in leukemic cell lines. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:300. [PMID: 30419892 PMCID: PMC6233556 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2366-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background The interest towards botanicals and plant extracts has strongly risen due to their numerous biological effects and ability to counteract chronic diseases development. Among these effects, chemoprevention which represents the possibility to counteract the cancerogenetic process is one of the most studied. The extracts of mushroom Meripilus giganteus (MG) (Phylum of Basidiomycota) showed to exert antimicrobic, antioxidant and antiproliferative effects. Therefore, since its effect in leukemic cell lines has not been previously evaluated, we studied its potential chemopreventive effect in Jurkat and HL-60 cell lines. Methods MG ethanolic extract was characterized for its antioxidant activity and scavenging effect against different radical species. Moreover, its phenolic profile was evaluated by HPLC-MS-MS analyses. Flow cytometry (FCM) analyses of Jurkat and HL-60 cells treated with MG extract (0–750 μg/mL) for 24–72 h- allowed to evaluate its cytotoxicity, pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effect. To better characterize MG pro-apoptotic mechanism ROS intracellular level and the gene expression level of FAS, BAX and BCL2 were also evaluated. Moreover, to assess MG extract selectivity towards cancer cells, its cytotoxicity was also evaluated in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Results MG extract induced apoptosis in Jurkat and HL-60 cells in a dose- and time- dependent manner by increasing BAX/BCL2 ratio, reducing ROS intracellular level and inducing FAS gene expression level. In fact, reduced ROS level is known to be related to the activation of apoptosis in leukemic cells by the involvement of death receptors. MG extract also induced cell-cycle arrest in HL-60 cells. Moreover, IC50 at 24 h treatment resulted 2 times higher in PBL than in leukemic cell lines. Conclusions Our data suggest that MG extract might be considered a promising and partially selective chemopreventive agent since it is able to modulate different mechanisms in transformed cells at concentrations lower than in non-transformed ones.
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Lee MJ, Tseng WS, Lai JCY, Shieh HR, Chi CW, Chen YJ. Differential Pharmacological Activities of Oxygen Numbers on the Sulfoxide Moiety of Wasabi Compound 6-(Methylsulfinyl) Hexyl Isothiocyanate in Human Oral Cancer Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:E2427. [PMID: 30248933 PMCID: PMC6222327 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
6-(methylsulfinyl) hexyl isothiocyanate (6-MITC) is a naturally occurring compound isolated from Wasabia japonica (wasabi). The synthetic derivatives, 6-(methylsulfenyl) hexyl isothiocyanate (I7447) and 6-(methylsulfonyl) hexyl isothiocyanate (I7557), were derived from 6-MITC with the deletion and addition of oxygen, respectively. We aimed to evaluate the effect of these synthetic compounds on human oral cancer cells, SAS and OECM-1. All three compounds (I7447, 6-MITC, and I7557) inhibited the viability of SAS and OECM-1 cells using MTT assay. Morphological observations showed various proportions of mitotic arrest and apoptosis in cells treated with these compounds. Cell cycle analysis revealed relatively abundant G2/M arrest in 6-MITC and I7557-treated cells, whereas sub-G1 accumulation was found in I7447-treated cells. In using phosphorylated histone H3 as a marker for mitosis, the addition of 6-MITC and I7557 (excluding I7447) could be shown to arrest cells during mitosis. In contrast, I7447 induced more prominent apoptosis than the 6-MITC or I7557 compounds. The down-regulated expression of the phosphorylated form of CHK1 and Cdc25c was noted in 6-MITC and I7557-treated cells. I7557 could sensitize SAS cells to death by radiation. The wasabi compound, 6-MITC, and its chemical derivatives with different numbers of oxygen may have differential pharmacological effects on human oral cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ju Lee
- Taipei First Girls High School, Taipei 10045, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ser Tseng
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan.
| | - Jerry Cheng-Yen Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Taitung MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taitung City 95054, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Ru Shieh
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Wen Chi
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan.
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Yano S, Wu S, Sakao K, Hou DX. Wasabi 6-(methylsulfinyl)hexyl isothiocyanate induces apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells through p53-independent mitochondrial dysfunction pathway. Biofactors 2018; 44:361-368. [PMID: 29756671 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
6-(Methylsulfinyl)hexyl isothiocyanate (6-MSITC), a major bioactive compound in Wasabi [Wasabia japonica (Miq.) Matsum.], has revealed the inhibitory effect on colon carcinogenesis in rat cancer model although the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, we used two types of human colorectal cancer cells (HCT116 p53+/+ and HCT116 p53-/- ) to investigate the anticancer activity and molecular mechanisms of 6-MSITC. Interestingly, 6-MSITC inhibited the cell proliferation in both types of cells with similar IC50 value although a light increase in the phosphorylation and accumulation of P53 protein was observed in HCT116 p53+/+ cells at 24 h after treatment. In addition, 6-MSITC increased the ratio of proapoptotic cells in both types of cells with the same fashion in a p53-independent manner. The data from mitochondrial analysis revealed that 6-MSITC enhanced the ratio of proapoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein/antiapoptotic myeloid cell leukemia 1, and sequentially caused mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ) loss, cytochrome c release, and caspase-3 activation in both types of cells. Taken together, Wasabi 6-MSITC induced apoptosis of human colorectal cancer cells in p53-independent mitochondrial dysfunction pathway. These findings suggest that 6-MSITC might be a potential agent for colon cancer chemoprevention although with p53 mutation. © 2018 BioFactors, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yano
- Course of Biological Science and Technology, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shusong Wu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kozue Sakao
- Course of Biological Science and Technology, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - De-Xing Hou
- Course of Biological Science and Technology, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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