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Chen M, Huang S, Weng S, Weng J, Guo R, Shi B, Liu D. Songorine ameliorates LPS-induced sepsis cardiomyopathy by Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-mediated mitochondrial biosynthesis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4713-4725. [PMID: 38133657 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02897-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is manifested by impairment of cardiac contractile function with myocardial mitochondrial dysregulation. Natural product, songorine (SGR), a diterpenoid alkaloid derived from the lateral root of Aconitum carmichaeli, has been reported for the treatment of heart failure. Here, the protective role of SGR in heart injury of SCM was investigated and its underlying action of mechanism was explored. Firstly, the mouse and cardiomyocytes (H9C2 cell) SCM model induced by LPS were established to evaluate the therapeutic effect of SGR. The in vivo results exhibited that SGR rescued the survival rate of SCM mice, restored the loss of ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS), and reduced left ventricular systolic diameter and left ventricular diastole diameter (LVIDs, LVIDd) by echocardiography. SGR improved the mitochondrial biosynthesis and myocardial fiber structure and arranged them neatly by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Further, SGR inhibited inflammatory targets myeloperoxidase (MPO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). And SGR activated the mitochondrial biosynthesis-related peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), β-catenin, and matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2) proteins. Meanwhile, the in vitro results showed that SGR promoted the increased the myocardial H9C2 cell viability, and mitochondrial biosynthesis and structure. SGR also blocked the inflammatory factors and reversed PGC-1α, β-catenin, and MMP2 in vitro, while SGR alleviated the myocardial cell apoptosis via flow cytometry. The findings indicate that SGR mitigates sepsis-caused myocardial damage by Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-mediated mitochondrial biosynthesis. SGR may be a promising candidate for treatment of SCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, No. 999 Dongzhen East Road, Licheng District, Putian, 351100, Fujian, China
| | - Shanjiao Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, No. 999 Dongzhen East Road, Licheng District, Putian, 351100, Fujian, China
| | - Shuoyun Weng
- School of Ophthalmology&Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Junting Weng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, No. 999 Dongzhen East Road, Licheng District, Putian, 351100, Fujian, China
| | - Rongjie Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, No. 999 Dongzhen East Road, Licheng District, Putian, 351100, Fujian, China
| | - Bingbing Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, No. 999 Dongzhen East Road, Licheng District, Putian, 351100, Fujian, China
| | - Danjuan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, No. 999 Dongzhen East Road, Licheng District, Putian, 351100, Fujian, China.
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Delgado-Waldo I, Contreras-Romero C, Salazar-Aguilar S, Pessoa J, Mitre-Aguilar I, García-Castillo V, Pérez-Plasencia C, Jacobo-Herrera NJ. A triple-drug combination induces apoptosis in cervical cancer-derived cell lines. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1106667. [PMID: 37223676 PMCID: PMC10200932 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1106667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cervical cancer is a worldwide health problem due to the number of deaths caused by this neoplasm. In particular, in 2020, 30,000 deaths of this type of tumor were reported in Latin America. Treatments used to manage patients diagnosed in the early stages have excellent results as measured by different clinical outcomes. Existing first-line treatments are not enough to avoid cancer recurrence, progression, or metastasis in locally advanced and advanced stages. Therefore, there is a need to continue with the proposal of new therapies. Drug repositioning is a strategy to explore known medicines as treatments for other diseases. In this scenario, drugs used in other pathologies that have antitumor activity, such as metformin and sodium oxamate, are analyzed. Methods In this research, we combined the drugs metformin and sodium oxamate with doxorubicin (named triple therapy or TT) based on their mechanism of action and previous investigation of our group against three CC cell lines. Results Through flow cytometry, Western blot, and protein microarray experiments, we found TT-induced apoptosis on HeLa, CaSki, and SiHa through the caspase 3 intrinsic pathway, including the critical proapoptotic proteins BAD, BAX, cytochrome-C, and p21. In addition, mTOR and S6K phosphorylated proteins were inhibited in the three cell lines. Also, we show an anti-migratory activity of the TT, suggesting other targets of the drug combination in the late CC stages. Discussion These results, together with our former studies, conclude that TT inhibits the mTOR pathway leading to cell death by apoptosis. Our work provides new evidence of TT against cervical cancer as a promising antineoplastic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izamary Delgado-Waldo
- Unidad de Bioquímica Guillermo Soberón Acevedo, Instituto de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Copilco Universidad, Coyoacán, Mexico
| | - Carlos Contreras-Romero
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Copilco Universidad, Coyoacán, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, Mexico
| | - Sandra Salazar-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Hematopoiesis y Leucemia, Unidad de Investigación, Diferenciación Celular y Cáncer, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Iztapalapa, Mexico
| | - João Pessoa
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Irma Mitre-Aguilar
- Unidad de Bioquímica Guillermo Soberón Acevedo, Instituto de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico
| | - Verónica García-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional, Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-IZTACALA, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional, Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-IZTACALA, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Nadia Judith Jacobo-Herrera
- Unidad de Bioquímica Guillermo Soberón Acevedo, Instituto de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico
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Zhang M, Qu T, Liu S, Yu F, Fan L, Lin D, Zhang Q, Song F, Zhang M, Cui B, Zhang S. Ethylbenzene induces hearing loss by triggering mitochondrial impairments and excess apoptosis in cochlear progenitor cells via suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114721. [PMID: 36950984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ethylbenzene (EB) is widely distributed at low levels in the environment from vehicle emissions, industrial discharge, cigarette smoke, and in some food and consumer products. Evidence shows that EB exposure is associated with hearing loss, yet the mechanisms are unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which plays a key role during cochlear development, in EB-induced hearing loss. In vitro, we found that EB treatment decreased the viability of cochlear progenitor cells (CPCs), isolated from the cochleae of neonatal rats and crucial for cochlear hair cells generation and hearing construction, via inducing mitochondrial impairments and excessive apoptosis. These were accompanied by the inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade, as manifested by the decreased levels of related molecules β-catenin, LEF-1 and Lgr5. These findings were further confirmed by knocking down β-catenin and immunofluorescence analysis. Interestingly, adenovirus-mediated β-catenin overexpression activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling network, alleviated mitochondrial impairments, reduced cell apoptosis, therefore promoting CPCs survival under EB treatment conditions. Finally, using adult Sprague-Dawley rats as an in vivo model with EB inhalation for 13 weeks, we found that exposure to EB decreased body weight gain, increased the hearing thresholds at different exposure stages, along with Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway suppression in cochlear tissue. More importantly, cochlear microinjection of recombinant lentivirus expressing β-catenin significantly reversed EB-elicited these deleterious effects. Collectively, our results indicate that EB induces hearing loss by triggering mitochondrial impairments and excess apoptosis in CPCs via suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and provide clues for the possible therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health Comprehensive Management, Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Tengjiao Qu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Fangjin Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lin Fan
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Dafeng Lin
- Department of Occupational Health Comprehensive Management, Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Fangfang Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Meibian Zhang
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Clark-Corrigall J, Myssina S, Michaelis M, Cinatl J, Ahmed S, Carr-Wilkinson J, Carr-Wilkinson J. Elevated Expression of LGR5 and WNT Signaling Factors in Neuroblastoma Cells With Acquired Drug Resistance. Cancer Invest 2023; 41:173-182. [PMID: 36318235 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2022.2136682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a pediatric solid cancer with high fatality, relapses, and acquired resistance to chemotherapy, that requires new therapeutic approaches to improve survival. LGR5 is a receptor that potentiates WNT/signaling pathway and has been reported to promote development and survival in several adult cancers. In this study we investigated LGR5 expression in a panel of NB cell lines with acquired resistance to vincristine or doxorubicin. We show LGR5-LRP6 cooperation with enhanced expression in drug resistant NB cell lines compared to parental cells, suggesting a role for LGR5 in the emergence of drug resistance, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Clark-Corrigall
- School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK
| | - Svetlana Myssina
- School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK
| | - Martin Michaelis
- School of Biosciences and Industrial Biotechnology Centre, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Shafiq Ahmed
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK
| | - Jane Carr-Wilkinson
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK
| | - Jane Carr-Wilkinson
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, United Kingdom
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Zhang F, Zhang J, Li J, Yan P, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhuang Y, Zhou J, Deng L, Zhang Z. Effect of VD3 on cell proliferation and the Wnt signaling pathway in bovine endometrial epithelial cells treated with lipopolysaccharide. Theriogenology 2022; 193:68-76. [PMID: 36156426 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) deficiency plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various uterine diseases. At present, most studies on the mechanism of VD in the Wnt signaling pathway focus on cancer, while there are no relevant reports on its mechanism in endometritis. This study investigated the effect of vitamin D3 (VD3) on the Wnt signaling pathway in endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). BEECs obtained from bovine uteri were treated with VD3 (0, 50 ng/mL) and LPS (0, 10, 100 ng/mL) separately or in combination, and treated with the Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor IWR-1 to study the mechanism of action. The proliferation of BEECs was evaluated by a CCK-8 assay. qRT-PCR was used to assess the gene expression of Wnt pathway-related factors, including MYC, PCNA, LGR5, GREM1, β-catenin, FZD7, FZD2, Wnt4 and VDR. The results showed that VD3 had no significant effect on cell proliferation (P > 0.05); LPS inhibited BEEC proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and cells treated with LPS at different concentrations for 24-48 h in combination with VD3 promoted cell proliferation to varying degrees. IWR-1 inhibited cell proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, while LPS + IWR-1 treatment also significantly promoted cell proliferation after VD3 treatment (P < 0.01). The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of Wnt4 and PCNA genes showed different trends with different LPS concentrations for stimulation, and the expression of the MYC and GREM1 genes was only stimulated by high-dose (100 ng/mL) LPS stimulation. The expression of FZD7, LGR5, FZD2 and β-catenin was upregulated by LPS at both concentrations. LPS + VD3 significantly downregulated the expression of the Wnt pathway-related genes MYC, PCNA, LGR5, GREM1 and β-catenin (P < 0.001), Wnt4 and FZD2 (P < 0.01), and significantly upregulated the expression of VDR (P < 0.05). After LPS + IWR-1 treatment, the expression of the β-catenin (P < 0.01) and LGR5 (P < 0.05) genes was significantly downregulated, while the Wnt4 (P < 0.01) and VDR (P < 0.001) genes were significantly upregulated, MYC was downregulated but without a significant difference (P > 0.05). In conclusion, VD3 treatment can mitigate the LPS-induced abnormal expression of Wnt signaling pathway genes in BEECs, showing that the Wnt pathway may be a protective pathway of VD3 against LPS-induced gene overexpression in BEECs. The results suggest that VD3 may play a regulatory role in pathways other than the Wnt signaling pathway. Whether VD3 affects the Wnt signaling pathway by affecting Wnt4 gene expression requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Juntao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Juanjuan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Penghui Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yiping Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yalin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yujie Zhuang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Lixin Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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Axin2/Conductin Is Required for Normal Haematopoiesis and T Lymphopoiesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172679. [PMID: 36078085 PMCID: PMC9454631 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of T lymphocytes in the thymus and their stem cell precursors in the bone marrow is controlled by Wnt signaling in strictly regulated, cell-type specific dosages. In this study, we investigated levels of canonical Wnt signaling during hematopoiesis and T cell development within the Axin2-mTurquoise2 reporter. We demonstrate active Wnt signaling in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and early thymocytes, but also in more mature thymic subsets and peripheral T lymphocytes. Thymic epithelial cells displayed particularly high Wnt signaling, suggesting an interesting crosstalk between thymocytes and thymic epithelial cells (TECs). Additionally, reporter mice allowed us to investigate the loss of Axin2 function, demonstrating decreased HSC repopulation upon transplantation and the partial arrest of early thymocyte development in Axin2Tg/Tg full mutant mice. Mechanistically, loss of Axin2 leads to supraphysiological Wnt levels that disrupt HSC differentiation and thymocyte development.
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Cao HZ, Yang WT, Zheng PS. Cytotoxic effect of disulfiram/copper on human cervical cancer cell lines and LGR5-positive cancer stem-like cells. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:521. [PMID: 35534815 PMCID: PMC9082913 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09574-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor resistance is a global challenge for tumor treatment. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the main population of tumor cells for drug resistance. We have reported that high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity represents a functional marker for cervical CSCs. Here, we aimed at disulfiram (DSF), an ALDH inhibitor, that has the potential to be used for cervical cancer treatment. METHODS MTT assay, western blot, vector construction and transfection, cell sorting and in vivo anti-tumor assays were performed using cervical cancer cell lines SiHa and HeLa. Cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis were carried out by flow cytometry. The cytotoxicity of DSF was detected by MTT assay and cervical cancer xenograft models. RESULTS DSF was cytotoxic to cervical cancer cell lines in a copper (Cu)-dependent manner. Disulfiram/copper (DSF/Cu) complex induced deregulation of S-phase and inhibited the expression of stemness markers in cervical cancer cells. Furthermore, DSF/Cu could also reduce the cancer stem cell-like LGR5+ cells which lead to cisplatin resistance in cervical cancer cells. DSF/Cu complex had the greater antitumor efficacy on cervical cancer than cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that the cytotoxicity of DSF/Cu complex may be superior to cisplatin because of targeting LGR5-positive cervical cancer stem-like cells in cervical cancer. Thus, the DSF/Cu complex may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Zhe Cao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical School, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Wen-Ting Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical School, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Peng-Sheng Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical School, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Division of Cancer Stem Cell Research, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical School, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Shoaib S, Islam N, Yusuf N. Phytocompounds from the medicinal and dietary plants: Multi-target agents for cancer prevention and therapy. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4481-4506. [PMID: 35232338 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220301114251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Due to cervical cancer's high incidence and mortality, there is an unmet demand for effective diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive agents. At present, the preferred treatment strategies for advanced metastatic cervical cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, cervical cancer is gradually developing resistance to chemotherapy, thereby reducing its efficacy. Over the last several decades, phytochemicals, a general term for compounds produced from plants, have gained attention for their role in preventing cervical cancer. This role in cervical cancer prevention has garnered attention on the medicinal properties of fruits and vegetables. Phytochemicals are currently being evaluated for their ability to block proteins involved in carcinogenesis and chemoresistance against cervical cancer. Chemoresistance to cancer drugs like cisplatin, doxorubicin, and 5-fluorouracil has become a significant limitation of drug-based chemotherapy. However, the combination of cisplatin with other phytochemicals has been identified as a promising alternative to subjugate cisplatin resistance. Phytochemicals are promising chemo-preventive and chemotherapeutic agents as they possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative potential against many cancers, including cervical cancer. Furthermore, the ability of the phytochemicals to modulate cellular signaling pathways through up and down regulation of various proteins has been claimed for their therapeutic potential. Phytochemicals also display a wide range of biological functions, including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, inhibition of invasion, and migration in cervical cancer cells. Numerous studies have revealed the critical role of different signaling proteins and their signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. Here, we review the ability of several dietary phytochemicals to alter carcinogenesis by modulating various molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Shoaib
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Najmul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Nabiha Yusuf
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL 35294, United States
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Kontomanolis EN, Koutras A, Fasoulakis Z, Syllaios A, Diakosavvas M, Angelou K, Symeonidis P, Samara AA, Pergialiotis V, Garmpis N, Schizas D, Pagkalos A, Chionis A, Daskalakis G, Ntounis T. A Brief Overview of Oncogenes and Signal Transduction Pathways in Gynecological Cancer. CANCER DIAGNOSIS & PROGNOSIS 2022; 2:134-143. [PMID: 35399174 PMCID: PMC8962808 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Gynecological cancer is the cancer that originates in the female reproductive system. According to the anatomical location of the cancer, it is distinguished into cervical, uterine, vaginal, ovarian, and vulvar cancer. Oncogenes and tumor catalytic genes play a key role in the genesis and development of gynecological cancer. This article presents the signaling pathways and expression of oncogenes that take place in the carcinogenesis of the female reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel N Kontomanolis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Antonios Koutras
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens 'ALEXANDRA', Athens, Greece
| | - Zacharias Fasoulakis
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens 'ALEXANDRA', Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Syllaios
- 1st Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Diakosavvas
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens 'ALEXANDRA', Athens, Greece
| | - Kyveli Angelou
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens 'ALEXANDRA', Athens, Greece
| | | | - Athina A Samara
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasilios Pergialiotis
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens 'ALEXANDRA', Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Garmpis
- 1st Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- 1st Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Pagkalos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Xanthi, Xanthi, Greece
| | - Athanasios Chionis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laiko General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Daskalakis
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens 'ALEXANDRA', Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas Ntounis
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens 'ALEXANDRA', Athens, Greece
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Zhang W, Wang C, Hu X, Lian Y, Ding C, Ming L. Inhibition of LDHA suppresses cell proliferation and increases mitochondrial apoptosis via the JNK signaling pathway in cervical cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2022; 47:77. [PMID: 35191522 PMCID: PMC8892607 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The Warburg effect or aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of cancer. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which catalyzes conversion of pyruvate into lactate, serves a critical role during Warburg effect. LDH A chain (LDHA), a member of the LDH family, is upregulated in multiple types of cancer and serves a vital role in tumor growth and progression. However, its expression and function in cervical cancer has not been characterized. The present study evaluated LDHA expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas database and found that LDHA was upregulated in cervical cancer compared with normal tissue. To clarify the role of LDHA in cervical cancer HeLa and SiHa cells, lentiviral shRNA was used to stably knockdown LDHA and oxamate, a small-molecule inhibitor of LDHA, was used to inhibit the activity of LDHA. Glucose uptake assay, lactate production measurement and ATP detection assay demonstrated LDHA inhibition notably decreased glucose consumption, lactate production and ATP levels in both HeLa and SiHa cells. Furthermore, the effect of LDHA inhibition on cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis was investigated by MTT, BrdU incorporation, colony formation assay, flow cytometry and western blotting; LDHA knockdown or oxamate treatment led to decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. Inhibition of LDHA induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and activated the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Mechanistically, the JNK signaling pathway was key for LDHA inhibition-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Collectively, these results indicated that LDHA was involved in cervical cancer pathogenesis and may be a promising therapeutic target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R China
| | - Cui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R China
| | - Xiaomei Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R China
| | - Yanzhen Lian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R China
| | - Caili Ding
- Zhengzhou Hang Gang Ding Shi Medical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Ming
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R Chin
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11
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Trivedi P, Patel SK, Bellavia D, Messina E, Palermo R, Ceccarelli S, Marchese C, Anastasiadou E, Minter LM, Felli MP. When Viruses Cross Developmental Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:691644. [PMID: 34422814 PMCID: PMC8375270 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.691644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant regulation of developmental pathways plays a key role in tumorigenesis. Tumor cells differ from normal cells in their sustained proliferation, replicative immortality, resistance to cell death and growth inhibition, angiogenesis, and metastatic behavior. Often they acquire these features as a consequence of dysregulated Hedgehog, Notch, or WNT signaling pathways. Human tumor viruses affect the cancer cell hallmarks by encoding oncogenic proteins, and/or by modifying the microenvironment, as well as by conveying genomic instability to accelerate cancer development. In addition, viral immune evasion mechanisms may compromise developmental pathways to accelerate tumor growth. Viruses achieve this by influencing both coding and non-coding gene regulatory pathways. Elucidating how oncogenic viruses intersect with and modulate developmental pathways is crucial to understanding viral tumorigenesis. Many currently available antiviral therapies target viral lytic cycle replication but with low efficacy and severe side effects. A greater understanding of the cross-signaling between oncogenic viruses and developmental pathways will improve the efficacy of next-generation inhibitors and pave the way to more targeted antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Trivedi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Diana Bellavia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Messina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Palermo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleni Anastasiadou
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lisa M Minter
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Maria Pia Felli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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12
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Lei D, Yang WT, Zheng PS. HOXB4 inhibits the proliferation and tumorigenesis of cervical cancer cells by downregulating the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:105. [PMID: 33479226 PMCID: PMC7820415 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03411-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Homeobox B4 (HOXB4), which belongs to the homeobox (HOX) family, possesses transcription factor activity and has a crucial role in stem cell self-renewal and tumorigenesis. However, its biological function and exact mechanism in cervical cancer remain unknown. Here, we found that HOXB4 was markedly downregulated in cervical cancer. We demonstrated that HOXB4 obviously suppressed cervical cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenic potential in nude mice. Additionally, HOXB4-induced cell cycle arrest at the transition from the G0/G1 phase to the S phase. Conversely, loss of HOXB4 promoted cervical cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analyses and mechanistic studies revealed that HOXB4 inhibited the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by direct transcriptional repression of β-catenin. Furthermore, β-catenin re-expression rescued HOXB4-induced cervical cancer cell defects. Taken together, these findings suggested that HOXB4 directly transcriptional repressed β-catenin and subsequently inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, leading to significant inhibition of cervical cancer cell growth and tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lei
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ting Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Sheng Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. .,Section of Cancer Stem Cell Research, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Bali P, Lozano-Pope I, Pachow C, Obonyo M. Early detection of tumor cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood in a fast‑progressing gastric cancer model. Int J Oncol 2021; 58:388-396. [PMID: 33469673 PMCID: PMC7864146 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a major risk factor for the development of gastric cancer. The authors previously demonstrated that in mice deficient in myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (Myd88−/−), infection with Helicobacter felis (H. felis) a close relative of H. pylori, subsequently rapidly progressed to neoplasia. The present study examined circulating tumor cells (CTCs) by measuring the expression of cytokeratins, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers and cancer stem cell (CSC) markers in bone marrow and peripheral blood from Myd88−/− and wild-type (WT) mice. Cytokeratins CK8/18 were detected as early as 4 months post-infection in Myd88−/− mice. By contrast, cytokeratins were not detected in WT mice even after 7 months post-infection. The expression of Mucin-1 (MUC1) was observed in both bone marrow and peripheral blood at different time points, suggesting its role in gastric cancer metastasis. Snail, Twist and ZEB were expressed at different levels in bone marrow and peripheral blood. The expression of these EMT-related markers suggests the manifestation of cancer metastasis in the early stages of disease development. LGR5, CD44 and CD133 were the most prominent CSC markers detected. The detection of CSC and EMT markers along with cytokeratins does reinforce their use as biomarkers for gastric cancer metastasis. This early detection of markers suggests that CTCs leave primary site even before cancer is well established. Thus, cytokeratins, EMT, and CSCs could be used as biomarkers to detect aggressive forms of gastric cancers. This information may prove to be of significance in stratifying patients for treatment prior to the onset of severe disease-related characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Bali
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093‑0640, USA
| | - Ivonne Lozano-Pope
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093‑0640, USA
| | - Collin Pachow
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093‑0640, USA
| | - Marygorret Obonyo
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093‑0640, USA
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14
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LGR6 activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and forms a β-catenin/TCF7L2/LGR6 feedback loop in LGR6 high cervical cancer stem cells. Oncogene 2021; 40:6103-6114. [PMID: 34489551 PMCID: PMC8530990 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 6 (LGR6) is considered to be a stem cell marker in many normal tissues and promotes tissue development, regeneration, and repair. LGR6 is also related to the initiation and progression of some malignant tumors. However, the role of LGR6 in cervical cancer has not been reported. Here, immunohistochemistry and western blotting showed that LGR6 was significantly upregulated in cervical cancer, compared with the normal cervix. By analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas database, LGR6 was found to be correlated with a poor prognosis of cervical cancer. Then, a small population of LGR6high cells isolated by using the fluorescence-activated cell sorting exhibited enhanced properties of cancer stem cells including self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenicity. Moreover, RNA sequencing revealed that LGR6 was correlated with the Wnt signaling pathway and TOP/FOP, reverse transcription-PCR, and western blotting further proved that LGR6 could activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Interestingly, LGR6 upregulated the expression of TCF7L2 by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Then, TCF7L2 combining with β-catenin in the nucleus enhanced LGR6 transcription by binding the promoter of LGR6, which further activated the Wnt signaling to form a positive feedback loop. Thus, our study demonstrated that LGR6 activated a novel β-catenin/TCF7L2/LGR6-positive feedback loop in LGR6high cervical cancer stem cells (CSCs), which provided a new therapeutic strategy for targeting cervical CSCs to improve the prognosis of cervical cancer patients.
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15
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Kumagai K, Takanashi M, Ohno SI, Harada Y, Fujita K, Oikawa K, Sudo K, Ikeda SI, Nishi H, Oikawa K, Kuroda M. WAPL induces cervical intraepithelial neoplasia modulated with estrogen signaling without HPV E6/E7. Oncogene 2021; 40:3695-3706. [PMID: 33947962 PMCID: PMC8154587 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01787-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Since cervical cancer still afflicts women around the world, it is necessary to understand the underlying mechanism of cervical cancer development. Infection with HPV is essential for the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). In addition, estrogen receptor signaling is implicated in the development of cervical cancer. Previously, we have isolated human wings apart-like (WAPL), which is expected to cause chromosomal instability in the process of HPV-infected precancerous lesions to cervical cancer. However, the role of WAPL in the development of CIN is still unknown. In this study, in order to elucidate the role of WAPL in the early lesion, we established WAPL overexpressing mice (WAPL Tg mice) and HPV E6/E7 knock-in (KI) mice. WAPL Tg mice developed CIN lesion without HPV E6/E7. Interestingly, in WAPL Tg mice estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) showed reduction as compared with the wild type, but cell growth factors MYC and Cyclin D1 controlled by ESR1 expressed at high levels. These results suggested that WAPL facilitates sensitivity of ESR1 mediated by some kind of molecule, and as a result, affects the expression of MYC and Cyclin D1 in cervical cancer cells. To detect such molecules, we performed microarray analysis of the uterine cervix in WAPL Tg mice, and focused MACROD1, a co-activator of ESR1. MACROD1 expression was increased in WAPL Tg mice compared with the wild type. In addition, knockdown of WAPL induced the downregulation of MACROD1, MYC, and Cyclin D1 but not ESR1 expression. Furthermore, ESR1 sensitivity assay showed lower activity in WAPL or MACROD1 downregulated cells than control cells. These data suggested that WAPL increases ESR1 sensitivity by activating MACROD1, and induces the expression of MYC and Cyclin D1. Therefore, we concluded that WAPL not only induces chromosomal instability in cervical cancer tumorigenesis, but also plays a key role in activating estrogen receptor signaling in early tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuyoshi Kumagai
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Pre-clinical Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Takanashi
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Ohno
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichirou Harada
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Fujita
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiki Oikawa
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuko Sudo
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Pre-clinical Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun-ichi Ikeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kohseichuo General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Nishi
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Oikawa
- grid.412857.d0000 0004 1763 1087Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kuroda
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Yang WT, Feng Q, Ma HM, Lei D, Zheng PS. NF-YA promotes the cell proliferation and tumorigenic properties by transcriptional activation of SOX2 in cervical cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12464-12475. [PMID: 32954681 PMCID: PMC7686972 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
NF‐YA is considered as a crucial regulator for the maintenance of cancer stem cell (CSC) and involved in various types of malignant tumours. However, the exact function and molecular mechanisms of NF‐YA in the progression of cervical cancer remains poorly understood. Here, the expression of NF‐YA detected by immunohistochemistry was gradually increased from normal cervical tissues, to the high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and then to cervical cancer tissues. NF‐YA promoted the cell proliferation and tumorigenic properties of cervical cancer cells as well as tumorsphere formation and chemoresistance in vitro. The luciferase reporter assay combined with mutagenesis analyses and Western blotting showed that NF‐YA trans‐activated the expression of SOX2 in cervical cancer. Furthermore, quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation (qChIP) and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) confirmed that NF‐YA protein directly bound to the CCAAT box region located upstream of the SOX2 promoter. Together, our data demonstrated that NF‐YA was highly expressed in cervical cancer and promoted the cell proliferation, tumorigenicity and CSC characteristic by trans‐activating the expression of SOX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Mei Ma
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Lei
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng-Sheng Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
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17
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Wang B, Li X, Liu L, Wang M. β-Catenin: oncogenic role and therapeutic target in cervical cancer. Biol Res 2020; 53:33. [PMID: 32758292 PMCID: PMC7405349 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-020-00301-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a common and fatal malignancy of the female reproductive system. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary causal agent for cervical cancer, but HPV infection alone is insufficient to cause the disease. Actually, most HPV infections are sub-clinical and cleared spontaneously by the host immune system; very few persist and eventually develop into cervical cancer. Therefore, other host or environmental alterations could also contribute to the malignant phenotype. One of the candidate co-factors is the β-catenin protein, a pivotal component of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. β-Catenin mainly implicates two major cellular activities: cell–cell adhesion and signal transduction. Recent studies have indicated that an imbalance in the structural and signaling properties of β-catenin leads to various cancers, such as cervical cancer. In this review, we will systematically summarize the role of β-catenin in cervical cancer and provide new insights into therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xianping Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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18
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Chen J, Yuan X, Li Z, Bahat DJ, Helms JA. Bioactivating a bone substitute accelerates graft incorporation in a murine model of vertical ridge augmentation. Dent Mater 2020; 36:1303-1313. [PMID: 32651017 PMCID: PMC7529940 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Compared to autologous bone grafts, allogeneic bone grafts integrate slowly, which can adversely affect clinical outcomes. Here, our goal was to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying graft incorporation, and then test clinically feasible methods to accelerate this process. Methods. Wild-type and transgenic Wnt “reporter” mice were used in a vertical ridge augmentation procedure. The surgery consisted of tunneling procedure to elevate the maxillary edentulous ridge periosteum, followed by the insertion of bone graft. Micro-computed tomographic imaging, and molecular/cellular analyses were used to follow the bone graft over time. Sclerostin null mice, and mice carrying an activated form of β-catenin were evaluated to understand how elevated Wnt signaling impacted edentulous ridge height and based on these data, a biomimetic strategy was employed to combine bone graft particles with a formulation of recombinant WNT protein. Thereafter, the rate of graft incorporation was evaluated. Results. Tunneling activated osteoprogenitor cell proliferation from the periosteum. If graft particles were present, then osteoprogenitor cells attached to the matrix and gave rise to new bone that augmented edentulous ridge height. Graft particles alone did not stimulate osteoprogenitor cell proliferation. Based on the thicker edentulous ridges in mice with amplified Wnt signaling, a strategy was undertaken to load bone graft particles with WNT; this combination was sufficient to accelerate the initial step of graft incorporation. Significance. Local delivery of a WNT protein therapeutic has the potential to accelerate graft incorporation, and thus shorten the time to when the graft can support a dental implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Xue Yuan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Zhijun Li
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Daniel J Bahat
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jill A Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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19
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A Low Cost Antibody Signal Enhancer Improves Immunolabeling in Cell Culture, Primate Brain and Human Cancer Biopsy. Neuroscience 2020; 439:275-286. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Neratinib decreases pro-survival responses of [sorafenib + vorinostat] in pancreatic cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:114067. [PMID: 32504550 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The combination of the multi-kinase and chaperone inhibitor sorafenib and the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat in pancreatic cancer patients has proven to be a safe and efficacious modality (NCT02349867). We determined the evolutionary mechanisms by with pancreatic tumors become resistant to [sorafenib + vorinostat] and developed a new three-drug therapy to circumvent the resistant phenotype. Pancreatic tumors previously exposed to [sorafenib + vorinostat] evolved to activate the receptors ERBB1, ERBB2, ERBB3, c-MET and the intracellular kinase AKT. The irreversible ERBB receptor family and MAP4K inhibitor neratinib significantly enhanced the anti-tumor efficacy of [sorafenib + vorinostat]. We then determined the mechanisms by which neratinib enhanced the efficacy of [sorafenib + vorinostat]. Compared to [sorafenib + vorinostat] or to neratinib alone, the three-drug combination further enhanced the phosphorylation of eIF2α and NFκB and the expression of Beclin1, ATG5 and CD95; and suppressed the levels of β-catenin. Knock down of Beclin1, ATG5, CD95, eIF2 α or NFκB suppressed cell killing whereas knock down of β-catenin enhanced killing. The drugs interacted to increase autophagosome formation; and autophagy and cell killing were suppressed by expression of activated mTOR. A portion of the killing mechanism required CD95 signaling and knock down of NFκB prevented the drugs from increasing CD95 expression. We conclude that neratinib, by down-regulation of evolutionary activated growth factor receptors, may represent a novel follow-on clinical concept after the completion of NCT02349867.
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21
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Kluz PN, Kolb R, Xie Q, Borcherding N, Liu Q, Luo Y, Kim MC, Wang L, Zhang Y, Li W, Stipp C, Gibson-Corley KN, Zhao C, Qi HH, Bellizzi A, Tao AW, Sugg S, Weigel RJ, Zhou D, Shen X, Zhang W. Cancer cell-intrinsic function of CD177 in attenuating β-catenin signaling. Oncogene 2020; 39:2877-2889. [PMID: 32042113 PMCID: PMC7127950 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aiming to identify immune molecules with a novel function in cancer pathogenesis, we found the cluster of differentiation 177 (CD177), a known neutrophil antigen, to be positively correlated with relapse-free (RFS), metastasis-free (MFS) or overall survival (OS) in breast cancer. Additionally, CD177 expression is correlated with good prognosis in several other solid cancers including prostate, cervical, and lung. Focusing on breast cancer, we found that CD177 is expressed in normal breast epithelial cells and is significantly reduced in invasive cancers. Loss of CD177 leads to hyperproliferative mammary epithelium and contributes to breast cancer pathogenesis. Mechanistically, we found that CD177-deficiency is associated with an increase in β-Catenin signaling. Here we identified CD177 as a novel regulator of mammary epithelial proliferation and breast cancer pathogenesis likely via the modulation of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway, a key signaling pathway involved in multiple cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige N Kluz
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA.,Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA
| | - Ryan Kolb
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA.,Tumor Signaling and Transduction Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453000, China
| | - Nicholas Borcherding
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA.,Medical Science Training Program, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA
| | - Yuewan Luo
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA
| | - Myung-Chul Kim
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA
| | - Linna Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Department of Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wei Li
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA
| | - Christopher Stipp
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA
| | - Katherine N Gibson-Corley
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA
| | - Hank H Qi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA
| | - Andrew Bellizzi
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA
| | - Andy W Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sonia Sugg
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA
| | - Ronald J Weigel
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1109, USA
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Xian Shen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Weizhou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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22
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Alvarado-Ortiz E, Sarabia-Sánchez MÁ, García-Carrancá A. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Functions of Cellular Markers Associated with the Phenotype of Cancer Stem Cells. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 14:405-420. [PMID: 30147013 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x13666180821154752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) generally constitute a minor cellular population within tumors that exhibits some capacities of normal Stem Cells (SC). The existence of CSC, able to self-renew and differentiate, influences central aspects of tumor biology, in part because they can continue tumor growth, give rise to metastasis, and acquire drug and radioresistance, which open new avenues for therapeutics. It is well known that SC constantly interacts with their niche, which includes mesenchymal cells, extracellular ligands, and the Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM). These interactions regularly lead to homeostasis and maintenance of SC characteristics. However, the exact participation of each of these components for CSC maintenance is not clear, as they appear to be context- or cell-specific. In the recent past, surface cellular markers have been fundamental molecular tools for identifying CSC and distinguishing them from other tumor cells. Importantly, some of these cellular markers have been shown to possess functional roles that affect central aspects of CSC. Likewise, some of these markers can participate in regulating the interaction of CSC with their niche, particularly the ECM. We focused this review on the molecular mechanisms of surface cellular markers commonly employed to identify CSC, highlighting the signaling pathways and mechanisms involved in CSC-ECM interactions, through each of the cellular markers commonly used in the study of CSC, such as CD44, CD133, CD49f, CD24, CXCR4, and LGR5. Their presence does not necessarily implicate them in CSC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Alvarado-Ortiz
- Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México.,Laboratory of Virus and Cancer, Unidad de Investigacion Biomedica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico & Subdireccion de Investigacion Basica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Secretaria de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Miguel Á Sarabia-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Virus and Cancer, Unidad de Investigacion Biomedica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico & Subdireccion de Investigacion Basica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Secretaria de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.,Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, , México City, México
| | - Alejandro García-Carrancá
- Laboratory of Virus and Cancer, Unidad de Investigacion Biomedica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico & Subdireccion de Investigacion Basica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Secretaria de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
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23
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Ren T, Fan XX, Wang MF, Duan FG, Wei CL, Li RZ, Jiang ZB, Wang YW, Yao XJ, Chen MW, Tang YJ, Leung ELH. miR‑20b promotes growth of non‑small cell lung cancer through a positive feedback loop of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2019; 56:470-479. [PMID: 31894264 PMCID: PMC6959373 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are endogenous noncoding single-stranded RNA molecules that can regulate gene expression by targeting the 3′-untranslated region and play an important role in many biological and pathological processes, such as inflammation and cancer. In this study, we found that miR-20b was significantly increased in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and patient tissues, suggesting that it may possess a carcinogenic role in lung cancer. This miRNA promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells by targeting and downregulating the expression of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), which is a negative regulator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Wnt signaling activation may increase transcription of miR-20b. Therefore, miR-20b and canonical Wnt signaling were coupled through a feed-forward positive feedback loop, forming a biological regulatory circuit. Finally, an in vivo investigation further demonstrated that an increase in miR-20b promoted the growth of cancer cells. Overall, our findings offer evidence that miR-20b may contribute to the development of NSCLC by inhibiting APC via the canonical Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Xing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Fang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Gang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Li Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China
| | - Run-Ze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Wei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Jun Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
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24
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Riera Leal A, Ortiz-Lazareno PC, Jave-Suárez LF, Ramírez De Arellano A, Aguilar-Lemarroy A, Ortiz-García YM, Barrón-Gallardo CA, Solís-Martínez R, Luquin De Anda S, Muñoz-Valle JF, Pereira-Suárez AL. 17β‑estradiol‑induced mitochondrial dysfunction and Warburg effect in cervical cancer cells allow cell survival under metabolic stress. Int J Oncol 2019; 56:33-46. [PMID: 31746421 PMCID: PMC6910176 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria from different types of cancer show bioenergetics and dysfunction that favor cell proliferation. The mechanistic understanding of estrogen in cervical cancer is poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine how 17β-estradiol (E2) affects mitochondrial function and the Warburg effect in SiHa, HeLa and C33A cervical cancer cells. Mitochondrial compromise was evaluated measuring changes in the membrane permeability by immunofluorescence, calcium concentration, redox status, iron and ferritin reserves. Glucose consumption and lactic acid assays were used to detect the metabolic activity. Results were confirmed at molecular level by analysis of the differential gene expression using RNA sequencing. E2 modified the mitochondrial permeability and produced an alteration in the calcium signaling pathway. In HeLa and SiHa, there was a significant decrease in nitric oxide levels and lipid peroxidation, and an increase in glucose consumption and lactic acid levels when stimulated with E2. Intracellular iron or ferritin reserves were not affected by the E2 treatment. Genes differentially modulated by E2 were involved in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, oxidative phosphorylation system, glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway and the regulation of metabolic signaling pathways. Herein, we provide evidence for a primary effect of estrogen on mitochondrial function and the Warburg effect, favoring the metabolic adaptation of the cervical cancer cell lines and their survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Riera Leal
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Physiology, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Pablo César Ortiz-Lazareno
- Division of Immunology, Western Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Social Security Institute, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Luis Felipe Jave-Suárez
- Division of Immunology, Western Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Social Security Institute, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Adrián Ramírez De Arellano
- Research Institute in Biomedical Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Adriana Aguilar-Lemarroy
- Division of Immunology, Western Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Social Security Institute, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Yveth Marlene Ortiz-García
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Physiology, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alfredo Barrón-Gallardo
- Division of Immunology, Western Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Social Security Institute, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Raúl Solís-Martínez
- Diagnostic Laboratory, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Sonia Luquin De Anda
- Department of Neurosciences, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Research Institute in Biomedical Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Ana Laura Pereira-Suárez
- Division of Immunology, Western Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Social Security Institute, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
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25
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The Pivotal Role of Long Noncoding RNA RAB5IF in the Proliferation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Via LGR5 Mediated β-Catenin and c-Myc Signaling. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9110718. [PMID: 31717443 PMCID: PMC6920882 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, the function of long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) RAB5IF was elucidated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCCs) in association with LGR5 related signaling. Here TCGA analysis revealed that LncRNA RAB5IF was overexpressed in HCC, and its overexpression level was significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Furthermore, LncRNA RAB5IF depletion suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation, increased sub G1 population, cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and cysteine aspartyl-specific protease (caspase 3) and attenuated the expression of procaspase 3, pro-PARP and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in HepG2 and Hep3B cells. Furthermore, LncRNA RAB5IF depletion reduced the expression of LGR5 and its downstreams such as β-catenin and c-Myc in HepG2 and Hep3B cells. Notably, LGR5 depletion also attenuated the expression of pro-PARP, pro-caspase3, β-catenin and c-Myc in HepG2 and Hep3B cells. Conversely, LGR5 overexpression upregulated β-catenin and c-Myc in Alpha Mouse Liver 12 (AML-12) normal hepatocytes. Overall, these findings provide novel evidence that LncRNA RAB5IF promotes the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via LGR5 mediated β-catenin and c-Myc signaling as a potent oncogenic target.
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26
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Chen M, Li L, Zheng P. SALL4 promotes the tumorigenicity of cervical cancer cells through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via CTNNB1. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:2794-2805. [PMID: 31336010 PMCID: PMC6726833 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
SALL4 is overexpressed in many cancers and is found to be involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, the function of SALL4 in cervical cancer remains unknown. Here, we showed that the expression of SALL4 was gradually increased from normal cervical tissue to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and then to squamous cervical carcinoma. SALL4 was upregulated or downregulated in cervical cancer cells by stably transfecting a SALL4-expressing plasmid or a shRNA plasmid targeting SALL4, respectively. In vitro, cell growth curves and MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays showed that SALL4 promoted the cell proliferation of cervical cancer cells. In vivo, xenograft experiments verified that SALL4 enhanced the tumor formation of cervical cancer cells in female BALB/c Nude mice. Cell cycle analysis by fluorescence-activated cell sorting found that SALL4 accelerates cell cycle transition from the G0 /G1 phase to the S phase. TOP/FOP-Flash reporter assay revealed that SALL4 significantly upregulates the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Western blotting showed that the expression levels of β-catenin and important downstream genes, including c-Myc and cyclin D1, were increased by SALL4 in cervical cancer cells. Furthermore, dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed that SALL4 transcriptionally activated CTNNB1 by physically interacting with its promoters. Taken together, The results of this study demonstrated that SALL4 may promote cell proliferation and tumor formation of cervical cancer cells by upregulating the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by directly binding to the CTNNB1 promoter and trans-activating CTNNB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Chen
- The Department of Reproductive MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Medical CollegeXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Lu Li
- The Department of Reproductive MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Medical CollegeXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Peng‐Sheng Zheng
- The Department of Reproductive MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Medical CollegeXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
- The Section of Cancer ResearchKey Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to DiseasesMinistry of Education of the People's Republic of ChinaXi'anChina
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27
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Xu L, Lin W, Wen L, Li G. Lgr5 in cancer biology: functional identification of Lgr5 in cancer progression and potential opportunities for novel therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:219. [PMID: 31358061 PMCID: PMC6664754 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1288-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the leading lethal diseases worldwide. Identifying biomarkers of cancers might provide insights into the strategies for the development of novel targeted anti-cancer therapies. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) has been recently discovered as a candidate marker of cancer stem cell populations. Aberrant increased expression of Lgr5 may represent one of the most common molecular alterations in some human cancers, leading to long-term potentiation of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. On the other hand, however, Lgr5-mediated suppression in canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling has also been reported in certain cancers, such as B cell malignancies. Until now, therapeutic approaches targeting Lgr5-associated signaling axis are not yet clinically available. Increasing evidence have indicated that endogenous Lgr5+ cell population is implicated in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. This review is to summarize our current knowledge about the importance of Lgr5 in cancer biology and the underlying molecular mechanisms of Lgr5-mediated tumor-promoting/suppressive activities, as well as potentially useful preventive strategies in treating tumor. Therefore, targeted therapeutic modulation of Lgr5+ cancer cell population by targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling through targeted drug delivery system or targeted genome editing might be promising for potential novel anti-cancer treatments. Simultaneously, combination of therapeutics targeting both Lgr5+ and Lgr5- cancer cells may deserve further consideration considering the plasticity of cancer cells. Also, a more specific targeting of cancer cells using double biomarkers may be much safer and more effective for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiping Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR PRC
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR PRC
| | - Longping Wen
- Nanobio Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR PRC
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR PRC
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
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28
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Zhang W, Su X, Li S, Wang Y, Wang Q, Zeng H. Inhibiting MNK Selectively Targets Cervical Cancer via Suppressing eIF4E-Mediated β-Catenin Activation. Am J Med Sci 2019; 358:227-234. [PMID: 31327462 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting β-catenin has been shown to have great potential therapeutic value in cervical cancer. Because β-catenin is also essential for normal cells, strategies to specifically target cancer will require identification of druggable factors capable of distinguishing β-catenin signaling pathways between cancer and normal cells. METHODS Expression of p-eIF4E and p-β-catenin was analyzed in malignant and normal cervical tissues and cells. The effects and its underlying mechanisms of targeting MNK and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) were determined in cervical cancer and normal cells. RESULTS Inhibiting MNK/eIF4E axis selectively targets cervical cancer without affecting normal cervical cells, via suppressing eIF4E-mediated β-catenin activation. We found that eIF4E phosphorylation was upregulated in cervical cancer cells and tissues but not normal cervical counterparts, and its phosphorylation at Ser 209 activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling, promotes growth and migration in cervical cancer, in an MNK-dependent manner. MNK inhibition via genetic small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown or pharmacologic inhibitor effectively decreased phosphorylation of eIF4E and β-catenin, leading to reduced β-catenin activity and transcript levels of Wnt target genes in cervical cancer cells. Consistently, we found that MNK kinase inhibitor is effective in inhibiting proliferation and migration, and inducing apoptosis in cervical cancer but not normal cervical cells. The combination of MNK kinase inhibitor with paclitaxel achieved greater efficacy in cervical cancer cells than paclitaxel alone. CONCLUSIONS Our work identifies MNK-eIF4E axis as a specific and critical regulator of β-catenin activity in cervical cancer but not normal cervical cells, and suggests that targeting MNK is a useful therapeutic strategy in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoyan Su
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Hai Zeng
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China; Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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29
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Qiao G, Dai C, He Y, Shi J, Xu C. Effects of miR‑106b‑3p on cell proliferation and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition, and targeting of ZNRF3 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:1817-1829. [PMID: 30816445 PMCID: PMC6414160 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that the dysregulation of microRNAs (miRs) is frequently associated with cancer progression. Deregulation of miR-106b-3p has been observed in various types of human cancer. However, the biological function of miR-106b-3p in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR-106b-3p in ESCC. In the current study, the results indicated that miR-106b-3p was upregulated in ESCC cell lines and tissues. An increase in miR-106b-3p using miR mimics significantly promoted the proliferation of ESCC cells in vitro. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that miR-106b-3p overexpression promoted migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ESCC cells. In addition, zinc and ring finger 3 (ZNRF3) was identified as a target of miR-106b-3p in ESCC cells, and the ZNRF3 expression level was inversely associated with miR-106b-3p. It was also demonstrated that miR-106b-3p has a role in EMT by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in ESCC. In conclusion, these data suggested that miR-106b-3p promotes cell proliferation and invasion, partially by downregulating ZNRF3 and inducing EMT via Wnt/β-catenin signaling in ESCC cells. Thus, miR-106b-3p and ZNRF3 may be novel molecular targets for the future treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanen Qiao
- Department of Digestion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Chenguang Dai
- Department of Digestion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yang He
- Hematological Disease Engineering Center of Ministry of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Handan City, Handan, Hebei 056002, P.R. China
| | - Chunfang Xu
- Department of Digestion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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30
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Jiang D, Zhou B, Xiong Y, Cai H. miR-135 regulated breast cancer proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition acts by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:1623-1634. [PMID: 30720046 PMCID: PMC6414157 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women around the world. microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have been proved to be associated with the development and progression of breast cancer. In the present study, to elucidate the effects of dysregulated miR‑135 on cells and underlying mechanisms in BC, in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted. The biological functions of miR‑135 were studied using MTT, colony formation, wound healing, transwell assays as well as tumorigenicity analysis. Gain‑ and loss‑ of function of miR‑135 studies revealed that ectopic expression of miR‑135 in MDA‑MB‑468 and MCF‑7 cells significantly inhibited cell growth, migration, invasion and EMT, at least in part through inhibiting the activation of the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway. Moreover, this was reversed in cells which were transfected with miR‑135 inhibitors. Taken together, the results of the present study provided evidence that miR‑135 acted as a tumor suppressor in BC, which may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the diagnosis and prognosis of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqiong Jiang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Hongbing Cai
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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31
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Yu L, Mao X, Wu S, Zhou L, Song W, Gong X, Wang D. The correlation of the expressions of WWOX, LGR5 and vasohibin-1 in epithelial ovarian cancer and their clinical significance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:327-336. [PMID: 31933749 PMCID: PMC6944017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrence and metastasis are the most common reasons for the treatment failure of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) is a tumor suppressor, which causes down- or lost-expression and is able to promote cell infiltration and progression in several human malignant tumors. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), an important marker of cancer stem cells (CSCs), has been considered a useful biomarker of tumor metastasis and patient prognosis. Vasohibin-1 (VASH1), also known as angiogenesis inhibiting protein-1, can be used as a biological marker for early infiltration and metastasis in many cancers. However, the correlations of WWOX, LGR5, and vasohibin-1 in EOC are still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the relationships of these three markers, as well as their respective correlations with clinicopathological characteristics, to determine whether they are useful biomarkers for the improvement and prognosis of EOC patients. METHODS The positive rates of WWOX, LGR5, and vasohibin-1 in 210 whole tissue samples of EOC were detected by immunohistochemistry. Clinical data was also collected. RESULTS The expressions of LGR5 and vasohibin-1 were significantly higher in EOC tissues than the levels in benign ovary tumors. However, WWOX expression was significantly lower in EOC tissues than the levels in benign ovary tumors. The investigation of the associations between WWOX, or LGR5, or vasohibin-1 positive rates with the clinicopathological characteristics of EOC showed associations between the positive rates of each with grade of tumor, lymph node metastasis (LNM), implantation, and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage. The overall survival (OS) time of patients with LGR5-positive or vasohibin-1-positive EOC tissues was significantly shorter than that of those who were negative. On the contrary, the OS time of patients with WWOX-positive EOC tissues was significantly higher than the OS time of those who were negative. Importantly, a multivariate analysis indicated that the high level of WWOX, LGR5, and vasohibin-1, as well as implantation, LNM and FIGO stage could be independent prognostic biomarkers for OS in EOC patients. CONCLUSIONS The expressions of WWOX, LGR5, and vasohibin-1 may represent useful promising biomarkers for metastasis and prognosis, as well as potential therapeutic targets in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
| | - Xu Mao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
| | - Shiwu Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
| | - Wenqing Song
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
| | - Xiaomeng Gong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
| | - Danna Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
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Shi S, Chen X, Liu H, Yu K, Bao Y, Chai J, Gao H, Zou L. LGR5 acts as a target of miR-340-5p in the suppression of cell progression and drug resistance in breast cancer via Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Gene 2018; 683:47-53. [PMID: 30300682 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among females. Recent studies demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) played an important role in the regulation of tumor progression. In our present study, we firstly detected miR-340-5p expression in breast cancer cell lines and found lower expression of miR-340-5p in breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, BT-549, ZR-75-1) through qRT-PCR. Overexpressed miR-340-5p inhibited cell proliferation and drug resistance to docetaxel with enhanced cell apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Through bioinformatic prediction, we found that LGR5 was a potential target of miR-340-5p. LGR5 was highly expressed in breast cancer cells. Relative expression of LGR5 was negatively regulated by miR-340-5p. Knockdown of LGR5 also inhibited cell proliferation and drug resistance to docetaxel with enhanced cell apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Moreover, knockdown of LGR5 decreased the expression of β-catenin, c-myc, Survivin. The activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway contracted the effects of LGR5 siRNA, indicating that LGR5 siRNA inhibited cell proliferation and drug resistance with induced apoptosis via suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer. Taken together, our study demonstrated that overexpressed miR-340-5p inhibited cell proliferation and drug resistance with increased apoptosis of breast cancer cells through down-regulating LGR5 expression via Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The miR-340-5p/LGR5 axis may provide a new perspective for treatment for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Shi
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua People's Hospital Joint Center for Biomedical Research, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua People's Hospital Joint Center for Biomedical Research, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keda Yu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Bao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juan Chai
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Libo Zou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua People's Hospital Joint Center for Biomedical Research, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhang J, Cai H, Sun L, Zhan P, Chen M, Zhang F, Ran Y, Wan J. LGR5, a novel functional glioma stem cell marker, promotes EMT by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and predicts poor survival of glioma patients. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:225. [PMID: 30208924 PMCID: PMC6136228 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0864-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Tumor recurrence, the chief reason for poor prognosis of glioma, is largely attributed to glioma stem cells (GSCs) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the mechanisms among them remain unknown. Here, we determined whether leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), known as a stem cell marker for colon cancer and gastric cancer, can serve as a novel GSC marker involved in EMT and a therapeutic target in glioma. Methods Stemness properties were examined in FACS-isolated LGR5+/LGR5− cells. Reported stem cell markers, EMT and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway were examined in stable LGR5 knockdown or overexpressed GSCs by Western Blot. The treatment experiment was performed in an intracranial orthotopic xenograft model by knockdown of LGR5 or by using the Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor Wnt-C59. LGR5 expression was determined in 268 glioma specimens by immunohistochemistry. Results LGR5+ cells possessed stronger stemness properties compared to LGR5− cells. The expression of SOX2, Nanog, CD133, CD44, CD24 and EpCAM was modulated by LGR5. Both LGR5 knockdown and Wnt-C59 reduced tumor invasion and migration and blocked EMT by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in vitro and suppressed the intracranial orthotopic xenograft growth and prolonged the survival of xenograft mice in vivo. Moreover, LGR5 was positively correlated with Ki67, N-cadherin and WHO grade and negatively correlated with IDH1. Glioma patients with high expression of LGR5 showed significantly poorer prognosis. Conclusions LGR5 is a new functional GSC marker and prognostic indicator that can promote EMT by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and would thus be a novel therapeutic target for glioma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0864-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Hongqing Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Panpan Zhan
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yuliang Ran
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Jinghai Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Wang X, Wang X, Liu Y, Dong Y, Wang Y, Kassab MA, Fan W, Yu X, Wu C. LGR5 regulates gastric adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and invasion via activating Wnt signaling pathway. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:57. [PMID: 30089773 PMCID: PMC6082861 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0071-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
LGR5 plays a critical role in tissue development and the maintenance of adult stem cells in gastrointestinal tract. However, the oncogenic role of LGR5 in the development of gastric adenocarcinoma remains elusive. Here, we show that LGR5 promotes gastric adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and metastasis. We find that knock down of LGR5 or suppression of Wnt signaling pathway by inhibitor C59 arrests gastric adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and invasion. Moreover, treatment of Wnt3a, the activator of Wnt signaling pathway, partially recovers the proliferation defect observed in LGR5 knockdown gastric adenocarcinoma cells. Moreover, LGR5 facilitates β-catenin nuclear accumulation, a surrogate marker of the activation of Wnt signaling pathway. In addition, C59 treatment suppresses transcription of Axin2 and TCF1, both of which are the target genes of β-catenin in gastric adenocarcinoma cells. Gastric adenocarcinoma cells with overexpressed LGR5 form a large quantity of visible actin filaments and pseudopods, suggesting that LGR5 significantly enhances the ability of cell movement, which might capacitate gastric adenocarcinoma cells with enhanced LGR5 expression to gain invasive and migratory properties. Taken together, our results show that LGR5 contributes to cell proliferation and invasion through the activation of Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway in gastric adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Xiumin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Yating Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Affiliated hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Muzaffer Ahmad Kassab
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Wufang Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China.
| | - Xiaochun Yu
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
| | - Chen Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China.
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SOX17 restrains proliferation and tumor formation by down-regulating activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via trans-suppressing β-catenin in cervical cancer. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:741. [PMID: 29970906 PMCID: PMC6030085 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0782-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The SRY-box containing gene 17 (SOX17) is considered as a regulator in stemness maintenance and a suppressor in some malignant tumors. However, the biological function and molecular mechanism of SOX17 in the process of initiation and progression of cervical cancer remain obscure. In this study, immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of SOX17 was high in the normal cervix, moderate in the high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and low in the cervical cancer. SOX17 inhibited the proliferation and viability of cervical cancer cells in vitro as well as tumor formation in vivo. Additionally, SOX17 induced the cell cycle arrest at the transition from the G0/G1 phase to the S phase. The TOP/ FOP-Flash reporter assay and Western blotting showed SOX17 inhibited the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cervical cancer. Further, firefly luciferase reporter assay and quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation (qChIP) assays confirmed that SOX17 trans-suppressed the expression of β-catenin by directly binding to the specific region of the β-catenin promoter. Together, our data demonstrated that SOX17 restrained the proliferation and tumor formation by down-regulating the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via trans-suppression of β-catenin in cervical cancer.
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Liu W, Zhang J, Gan X, Shen F, Yang X, Du N, Xia D, Liu L, Qiao L, Pan J, Sun Y, Xi X. LGR5 promotes epithelial ovarian cancer proliferation, metastasis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the Notch1 signaling pathway. Cancer Med 2018; 7:3132-3142. [PMID: 29777575 PMCID: PMC6051213 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) plays a vital role in the development of malignant tumors; however, its biological role and underlying mechanism in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the biological function and clinical significance of LGR5 in human EOC. We evaluated LGR5 expression in EOC cell lines and tissues from ovarian cancer patients by qPCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical analysis. Cell proliferation, colony formation, transwell invasion assay, and scratch-wound assays were conducted to evaluate the expansion and invasion abilities of EOC cells. Tumor xenograft experiments were performed in female BALB/c athymic nude mice to test cell proliferation in vivo. Western blot analysis was performed to confirm the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signature proteins and their association with Notch1 signaling. The results demonstrated that LGR5 was overexpressed in EOC tissues and cell lines. Aberrant expression of LGR5 was significantly associated with patient age (P = 0.006), tumor histologic type (P < 0.001), and distant metastasis (P = 0.025). Consistent with these findings, suppression of LGR5 expression led to decreased proliferation and metastasis of EOC cell lines. Furthermore, LGR5 could induce EMT and regulate the Notch1 signaling pathway. Taken together,LGR5 may have an important role in the promotion of tumorigenesis and metastasis of EOC and is a potential therapeutic target for EOC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxue Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xupei Gan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Fangqian Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Na Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Dandan Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lianqiao Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jufang Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yunyan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiaowei Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
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Bile salt dependent lipase promotes intestinal adaptation in rats with massive small bowel resection. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180077. [PMID: 29669842 PMCID: PMC6435509 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal adaptation is important for the short bowel syndrome (SBS) patients. Growing evidence has suggested that bile salt dependent lipase (BSDL) not only has the lipolytic activity, but also the immune-modulating and pro-proliferative activities. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of BSDL on intestinal adaptive growth and gut barrier function in a rat model of SBS. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups: sham group (rats underwent bowel transection and re-anastomosis), SBS group (rats underwent 80% bowel resection), SBS-BSDL group (SBS rats orally administered BSDL). The animals were weighed daily. The intestinal morpho-histochemical changes and intestinal barrier function were determined 14 days after the operations. Meanwhile, the expressions of Wnt signaling molecules in enterocytes were also analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The postoperative weight gain was faster in the SBS rats treated with BSDL than in the SBS/untreated group. The SBS rats treated with BSDL had significantly greater villus height, crypt depth, and enterocyte proliferation in their residual intestines, as compared with the SBS/untreated group. The recovery of intestinal barrier function was promoted and the expressions of tight-junction proteins were increased in the SBS rats treated with BSDL. Additionally, the data indicated that the proadaptive activities of BSDL might be mediated by Wnt signaling activation in the enterocytes. These observations suggested that enteral BSDL administration promoted intestinal adaptive growth and barrier repairing by activating Wnt signaling pathway in SBS rats.
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LGR5 and BMI1 Increase Pig Intestinal Epithelial Cell Proliferation by Stimulating WNT/β-Catenin Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041036. [PMID: 29601474 PMCID: PMC5979389 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) and B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus insertion site 1 (BMI1) are markers of fast-cycling and quiescent intestinal stem cells, respectively. To determine the functions of these proteins in large animals, we investigated their effects on the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells from pigs. Our results indicated that LGR5 and BMI1 are highly conserved proteins and that the pig proteins have greater homology with the human proteins than do mouse proteins. Overexpression of either LGR5 or BMI1 promoted cell proliferation and WNT/β-catenin signaling in pig intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). Moreover, the activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling by recombinant human WNT3A protein increased cell proliferation and LGR5 and BMI1 protein levels. Conversely, inhibition of WNT/β-catenin signaling using XAV939 reduced cell proliferation and LGR5 and BMI1 protein levels. This is the first report that LGR5 and BMI1 can increase proliferation of pig intestinal epithelial cells by activating WNT/β-catenin signaling.
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Yang M, Wang M, Li X, Xie Y, Xia X, Tian J, Zhang K, Tang A. Wnt signaling in cervical cancer? J Cancer 2018; 9:1277-1286. [PMID: 29675109 PMCID: PMC5907676 DOI: 10.7150/jca.22005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is the second most common malignant cancer in women. CC is difficult to diagnose, has a high recurrence rate, and is resistant to systemic therapies; as a result, CC patients have a relatively poor prognosis. One potential link to CC is the Wnt signaling pathway and its downstream effectors, which regulate cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and fate. The aberrant activation of Wnt signaling is associated with various cancers, including CC. Recent studies have shown that activating or inhibiting the intracellular signal transduction in this pathway can regulate cancer cell growth and viability. This review will summarize the experimental evidence supporting the significance of the Wnt signaling pathway in CC, and will also discuss the current clinical role of Wnt signaling in CC diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xianping Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yixin Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaomeng Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Kan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Aiguo Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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Lv Z, Yu JJ, Zhang WJ, Xiong L, Wang F, Li LF, Zhou XL, Gao XY, Ding XF, Han L, Cai YF, Ma W, Wang LX. Expression and functional regulation of stemness gene Lgr5 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:26492-26504. [PMID: 28404917 PMCID: PMC5432274 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as a rare subpopulation of undifferentiated cells with biological characteristics that include the capacity for self-renewal, differentiation into various lineages, and tumor initiation. To explore the mechanism of CSCs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), we focused on Leucine-rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5), a target gene of the Wnt signaling pathway, which has been identified as a marker of intestinal stem cells and shown to be overexpressed in several human malignancies. Lgr5 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, increased depth of invasion, increased tumor size, advanced differentiation, higher AJCC stage and poorer survival. Silencing of Lgr5 expression in the ESCC cell line KYSE450 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) strongly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability, the expression of CSCs-related genes and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In addition, Lgr5 was highly expressed in ESCC spheroid body cells, which were identified by high expression of CSCs-related genes, and high tumorigenicity in vivo. Taken together, these results demonstrate that Lgr5 activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a potential mechanism to promote the progression of ESCC and ESCC stem cell renewal, and Lgr5 may be used as a molecular target for the development of treatments for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuan Lv
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jane J Yu
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wei-Jie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiang Ya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li-Feng Li
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xue-Liang Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xin-Ya Gao
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xian-Fei Ding
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li Han
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ya-Fei Cai
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wang Ma
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liu-Xing Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Cui N, Yang WT, Zheng PS. Slug inhibits the proliferation and tumor formation of human cervical cancer cells by up-regulating the p21/p27 proteins and down-regulating the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via the trans-suppression Akt1/p-Akt1 expression. Oncotarget 2018; 7:26152-67. [PMID: 27036045 PMCID: PMC5041971 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Slug (Snai2) has been demonstrated to act as an oncogene or tumor suppressor in different human cancers, but the function of Slug in cervical cancer remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that Slug could suppress the proliferation of cervical cancer cells in vitro and tumor formation in vivo. Further experiments found that Slug could trans-suppress the expression of Akt1/p-Akt1 by binding to E-box motifs in the promoter of the Akt1 gene and then inhibit the cell proliferation and tumor formation of cervical cancer cells by up-regulating p21/p27 and/or down-regulating the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, Slug acts as a tumor suppressor during cervical carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Cui
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical School, Xi'an, The People's Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical School, Xi'an, The People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ting Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical School, Xi'an, The People's Republic of China.,Section of Cancer Stem Cell Research, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an, The People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Sheng Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical School, Xi'an, The People's Republic of China.,Section of Cancer Stem Cell Research, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an, The People's Republic of China
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42
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Huang J, Liu T, Shang C, Zhao Y, Wang W, Liang Y, Guo L, Yao S. Identification of lncRNAs by microarray analysis reveals the potential role of lncRNAs in cervical cancer pathogenesis. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:5584-5592. [PMID: 29552195 PMCID: PMC5840699 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been acknowledged to serve a significant role in cancer biology and abnormal expression in tumors is frequently observed. However, their mechanisms in cervical cancer remain unclear. With a genome-wide analysis of lncRNA expression in cervical cancer tissues, the present study aimed to identify lncRNA targets for the further study of cervical cancer. To elucidate the specific role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of this type of cancer, 6 cervical cancer samples paired with normal cervical tissues were obtained. Expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs were constructed through microarray analysis and confirmed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) methods. Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were performed with computational methods. On the basis of correlations between the differential expression levels of lncRNAs and mRNAs, a coding-non-coding gene co-expression network (CNC network) was established. The differential expression of 5,844 lncRNAs and 4,436 mRNAs were discovered in cervical cancer samples compared with normal cervical tissues. Among the differentially expressed lncRNAs, 14 were chosen at random and validated by RT-qPCR; the majority of the results measured were consistent with the microarray results. Furthermore, the lncRNA ENST00000551152 was found to be upregulated and TCO. NS_00001368 lncRNA was downregulated in cervical cancer cell lines. The CNC network included 592 network nodes and 934 associations between 12 lncRNAs and 580 protein-coding genes, indicating that one lncRNA could act on a maximum of 141 coding genes, and that one coding gene may corresponded with a maximum of 5 lncRNAs. Overall, the present study has provided a complete expression profile of lncRNAs and mRNAs in cervical cancer, which may now be used to establish a solid foundation for cervical cancer research. These results may provide significant information for improving the understanding of the pathogenesis of cervical cancer and indicate potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, P.R. China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, P.R. China
| | - Chunliang Shang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, P.R. China
| | - Yunhe Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, P.R. China
| | - Yanchun Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, P.R. China
| | - Luyan Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, P.R. China
| | - Shuzhong Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, P.R. China
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43
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Li A, Gu Y, Li X, Sun H, Zha H, Xie J, Zhao J, Huang M, Chen L, Peng Q, Zhang Y, Weng Y, Zhou L. S100A6 promotes the proliferation and migration of cervical cancer cells via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:5685-5693. [PMID: 29552203 PMCID: PMC5840553 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most common gynecological cancer worldwide and remains one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortality among women. S100A6 has been reported to be associated with the development of many types of cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of S100A6 on the proliferation, apoptosis and migration of cervical cancer cells and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Quantative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the basic mRNA level of S100A6 in HeLa, SiHa and CaSki cells. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein level of S100A6, epithelial cadherin, neuronal cadherin, phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), t-Akt, p-glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), t-GSK3β and β-catenin. Semi-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA level of Snail, Twist and Vimentin. MTT and Hoechst staining assays were used to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of cells, and wound healing and Transwell assays were used to detect the migration of cells. The results of the present study demonstrate that the levels of S100A6 were decreased in HeLa cells compared with in SiHa and CaSki cells. Overexpression of S100A6 in HeLa and CaSki cells promoted the proliferative and migratory ability, and had no significant effect on cellular apoptosis. Whereas the knockdown of S100A6 in SiHa and CaSki cells inhibited the proliferative and migratory ability, it had no significant effect on apoptosis. The overexpression of S100A6 in HeLa cells increased the levels of neuronal (N)-cadherin, vimentin, Snail and Twist. Conversely, knockdown of S100A6 in SiHa cells decreased the levels of N-cadherin, vimentin, Snail and Twist and increased the levels of epithelial (E)-cadherin. Furthermore, overexpression of S100A6 in HeLa cells activated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, and treatment with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 partially repressed S100A6-enhanced proliferation and migration of cervical cancer cells. These results indicate that S100A6 facilitates the malignant potential of cervical cancer cells, particularly metastatic ability and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which is mediated by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yue Gu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xueru Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - He Zha
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Mao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Lu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yaguang Weng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Lan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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44
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Tan Z, Zheng H, Liu X, Zhang W, Zhu J, Wu G, Cao L, Song J, Wu S, Song L, Li J. MicroRNA-1229 overexpression promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenicity and activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:24076-87. [PMID: 26992223 PMCID: PMC5029685 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway promotes malignant proliferation and it is inversely correlated with the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. However, mutations in key regulators, such as APC, Axin and β-catenin, contribute to aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in various cancers, but rarely found in breast cancer, suggesting that other mechanisms might be involved in the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in breast cancer. In the present study, we found that miR-1229 expression was markedly upregulated in breast cancer and associated with poor survival. Overexpressing miR-1229 promoted while inhibiting miR-1229 reduced, proliferation of breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of miR-1229 activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer by directly targeting the multiple important negative regulators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, including adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), and inhibitor of β-catenin and T cell factor (ICAT). Taken together, our results suggest that miR-1229 plays an important role in promotion breast cancer progression and may represent a novel therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyao Tan
- Program of Cancer Research, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiqing Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangxia Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinrong Zhu
- Program of Cancer Research, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Geyan Wu
- Program of Cancer Research, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixue Cao
- Program of Cancer Research, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junwei Song
- Program of Cancer Research, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Libing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Program of Cancer Research, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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45
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Yang B, Mao L, Li Y, Li Q, Li X, Zhang Y, Zhai Z. β-catenin, leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 and GATA-binding factor 6 are associated with the normal mucosa-adenoma-adenocarcinoma sequence of colorectal tumorigenesis. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:2287-2295. [PMID: 29434936 PMCID: PMC5777020 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the expression of β-catenin, leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) and GATA6 was investigated during the transition from normal mucosa through to adenoma and adenocarcinoma in colorectal tissue sections obtained from 65 patients with a pathological diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma and a history of adenoma. Immunohistochemical staining of β-catenin, LGR5 and GATA6 was performed and evaluated. The nuclear expression of β-catenin and the cytoplasmic expression of LGR5 and GATA6 were increased in samples as they progressed from normal mucosa to adenoma and adenocarcinoma. However, membrane-bound β-catenin and nuclear GATA6 expression decreased. Positive correlations were observed between the expression of LGR5 and cytoplasmic GATA6 in adenoma (P=0.0005; rs=0.48) and adenocarcinoma samples (P=0.007; rs=0.38): However, no significant association was observed in normal mucosa (P=0.399). The expression of nuclear β-catenin was significantly increased in the serosal layer compared with the invasive layers of the colorectal wall in samples of adenocarcinoma (P=0.042). The results of the present study suggest that the nuclear expression of β-catenin and LGR5 and the cytoplasmic expression of GATA6 function together during the development of colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Tumor Angiogenesis and Microenvironment Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Liang Mao
- Tumor Angiogenesis and Microenvironment Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Tumor Angiogenesis and Microenvironment Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Qia Li
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Xioli Li
- Tumor Angiogenesis and Microenvironment Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Yunjing Zhang
- Tumor Angiogenesis and Microenvironment Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Zhai
- Tumor Angiogenesis and Microenvironment Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
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46
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Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promotes gastric cancer invasion through cooperating with c-Myc to upregulate heparanase expression. Oncotarget 2017; 7:11364-79. [PMID: 26689987 PMCID: PMC4905479 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is a central regulator of multiple hallmarks of tumors. However, the potential roles of hTERT in tumor invasion and metastasis and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we found that the expression of hTERT in gastric cancer (GC) was significantly associated with an advanced TNM stage, lymphatic metastasis. Survival analysis identified hTERT as an independent prognostic factor for survival of GC patients. hTERT promoted the invasion and metastasis of GC cells by binding to c-Myc and recruiting the complex to heparanase promoter to upregulate heparanase expression. In addition, our data demonstrated that hTERT activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote c-Myc expression which could in turn activate hTERT transcription and expression, suggesting a positive feedback regulation in GC progression. Consistently, c-Myc and heparanase expression was positively correlated with hTERT levels, and was also an independent predictor of metastasis and survival. Collectively, our data provide a novel molecular mechanism for hTERT in promotion of GC invasion and metastasis, and highlight the molecular etiology and clinical significance of hTERT in GC progression. Targeting hTERT may represent a new therapeutic strategy to improve therapy and survival of GC patients.
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47
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Ong MS, Cai W, Yuan Y, Leong HC, Tan TZ, Mohammad A, You ML, Arfuso F, Goh BC, Warrier S, Sethi G, Tolwinski NS, Lobie PE, Yap CT, Hooi SC, Huang RY, Kumar AP. 'Lnc'-ing Wnt in female reproductive cancers: therapeutic potential of long non-coding RNAs in Wnt signalling. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4684-4700. [PMID: 28736855 PMCID: PMC5727316 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent discoveries in the non-coding genome have challenged the original central dogma of molecular biology, as non-coding RNAs and related processes have been found to be important in regulating gene expression. MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are among those that have gained attention recently in human diseases, including cancer, with the involvement of many more non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) waiting to be discovered. ncRNAs are a group of ribonucleic acids transcribed from regions of the human genome, which do not become translated into proteins, despite having essential roles in cellular physiology. Deregulation of ncRNA expression and function has been observed in cancer pathogenesis. Recently, the roles of a group of ncRNA known as lncRNA have gained attention in cancer, with increasing reports of their oncogenic involvement. Female reproductive cancers remain a leading cause of death in the female population, accounting for almost a third of all female cancer deaths in 2016. The Wnt signalling pathway is one of the most important oncogenic signalling pathways which is hyperactivated in cancers, including female reproductive cancers. The extension of ncRNA research into their mechanistic roles in human cancers has also led to novel reported roles of ncRNAs in the Wnt pathway and Wnt-mediated oncogenesis. This review aims to provide a critical summary of the respective roles and cellular functions of Wnt-associated lncRNAs in female reproductive cancers and explores the potential of circulating cell-free lncRNAs as diagnostic markers and lncRNAs as therapeutic targets. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on WNT Signalling: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.24/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei S Ong
- Departments of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Wanpei Cai
- Departments of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Yi Yuan
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Hin C Leong
- Departments of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Tuan Z Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Asad Mohammad
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Ming L You
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research InstituteCurtin UniversityPerthWAAustralia
| | - Boon C Goh
- Departments of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- National University Cancer InstituteNational University Health SystemSingapore
- Department of Haematology‐OncologyNational University Health SystemSingapore
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative MedicineManipal UniversityBangaloreIndia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research InstituteCurtin UniversityPerthWAAustralia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Departments of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research InstituteCurtin UniversityPerthWAAustralia
| | - Nicholas S Tolwinski
- Division of ScienceYale‐NUS CollegeSingapore
- Department of Biological ScienceNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Departments of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Departments of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Division of Life Science and HealthTsinghua University Graduate SchoolShenzhenChina
| | - Celestial T Yap
- Departments of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- National University Cancer InstituteNational University Health SystemSingapore
| | - Shing C Hooi
- Departments of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Ruby Y Huang
- Departments of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- National University Cancer InstituteNational University Health SystemSingapore
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyNational University HospitalSingapore
| | - Alan P Kumar
- Departments of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- National University Cancer InstituteNational University Health SystemSingapore
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative MedicineManipal UniversityBangaloreIndia
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health ScienceCurtin UniversityPerthWAAustralia
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTXUSA
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48
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Zheng L, Liu Y, Pan J. Inhibitory effect of pyrvinium pamoate on uveal melanoma cells involves blocking of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:890-898. [PMID: 28981601 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults. And there is an absence of targeted agents for patients with uveal melanoma. Pyrvinium pamoate is an old anthelminthic medicine approved by FDA for the treatment of enterobiasis in 1955, which recently re-attracts attention as an anti-cancer drug due to its inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in some types of cancer. But the role of pyrvinium pamoate in uveal melanoma and the potential underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we tested the anti-tumor effects of pyrvinium pamoate on four uveal melanoma cell lines (92.1, Mel270, Omm1, and Omm2.3) and evaluated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling transduction, cell growth, cell death, cell migration, and invasion accordingly. The results revealed that pyrvinium pamoate treatment repressed the phosphorylation of GSK3β at S9 which might be mediated by AKT, and decreased the protein levels of β-catenin and its downstream targets (c-Myc, cyclin D1). Pyrvinium pamoate remarkably inhibited cell viability and colony formation ability. Treatment with pyrvinium pamoate induced intrinsic pathway-dependent apoptosis accompanied with a decline of anti-apoptotic XIAP and Survivin, and an overt increase of pro-apoptotic Bax. In addition, pyrvinium pamoate significantly inhibited the migration and invasion in vitro. Our studies suggest that pyrvinium pamoate may be a potential therapeutic agent for uveal melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jingxuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
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49
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LGR5 promotes cancer stem cell traits and chemoresistance in cervical cancer. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3039. [PMID: 28880275 PMCID: PMC5636966 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also known as tumor-initiating cells, contribute to tumorigenesis, resistance to chemoradiotherapy and recurrence in human cancers, suggesting targeting CSCs may represent a potential therapeutic strategy. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) has recently been found to be a bona fide marker of colorectal CSCs. Our previous study showed that LGR5 functions as a tumor promoter in cervical cancer by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. However, very little is known about the function or contribution of LGR5 to cervical CSCs. Here, we have modulated the expression of LGR5 using an overexpression vector or short hairpin RNA in cervical cancer cell lines. We demonstrated that elevated LGR5 expression in cervical cancer cells increased tumorsphere-forming efficiency; conferred chemoresistance to cisplatin treatment; augmented cell migration, invasion and clonogenicity; and elevated the levels of stem cell-related transcription factors in vitro. Furthermore, modulated LGR5+ cells, unlike LGR5- cells, were highly tumorigenic in vivo. In addition, the modulated LGR5+ cells could give rise to both LGR5+ and LGR5- cells in vitro and in vivo, thereby establishing a cellular hierarchy. Finally, we found that the increased tumorsphere-forming efficiency induced by LGR5 could be regulated through the inhibition or activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in cervical cancer cells. Taken together, these results indicate that LGR5 has a vital oncogenic role by promoting cervical CSC traits and may represent a potential clinical target.
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50
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Establishment of an in vitro culture model of theca cells from hierarchical follicles in ducks. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20160491. [PMID: 28432272 PMCID: PMC5426285 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Theca cells, including theca interna cells and theca externa cells, are vital components of ovarian follicles. The aim of the present study is to identify a reliable method for the in vitro culture of theca cells from duck ovarian hierarchical (F4-F2) follicles. We improved the method for cell separation by using trypsin to further remove granular cells, and we increased the concentration of fetal bovine serum used in in vitro culture to improve cytoactivity. Cell antibody immunofluorescence (IF) showed that all inoculated cells could be stained by the CYP17A1/19A1 antibody but not by the FSHR antibody, which could stain granulosa cells. Furthermore, morphological differences were observed between the outlines of theca interna and externa cells and in their nuclei. Growth curve and CYP17A1/19A1 mRNA relative expression analyses suggested that the growth profile of theca interna cells may have been significantly different from that of theca externa cells in vitro Theca interna cells experienced the logarithmic phase on d1-d2, the plateau phase on d2-d3, and the senescence phase after d3, while theca externa cells experienced the logarithmic phase on d1-d3, the plateau phase on d3-d5, and the senescence phase after d5. Taken together, these results suggested that we have successfully established a reliable theca cell culture model and further defined theca cell characteristics in vitro.
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