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Vancheri C, Morini E, Prandi FR, Alkhoury E, Celotto R, Romeo F, Novelli G, Amati F. Two RECK Splice Variants (Long and Short) Are Differentially Expressed in Patients with Stable and Unstable Coronary Artery Disease: A Pilot Study. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12060939. [PMID: 34205376 PMCID: PMC8234100 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary prevention is crucial for coronary heart disease (CAD) and the identification of new reliable biomarkers might help risk stratification or predict adverse coronary events. Alternative splicing (AS) is a less investigated genetic factors implicated in CAD etiology. We performed an RNA-seq study on PBMCs from CAD patients and control subjects (CTR) and observed 113 differentially regulated AS events (24 up and 89 downregulated) in 86 genes. The RECK (Reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs) gene was further analyzed in a larger case study (24 CTR subjects, 72 CAD and 32 AMI patients) for its Splicing-Index FC (FC = −2.64; p = 0.0217), the AS event involving an exon (exon 18), and its role in vascular inflammation and remodeling. We observed a significant downregulation of Long RECK splice variant (containing exon 18) in PBMCs of AMI compared to CTR subjects (FC = −3.3; p < 0.005). Interestingly, the Short RECK splice variant (lacking exon 18) was under-expressed in AMI compared to both CTR (FC = −4.5; p < 0.0001) and CAD patients (FC = −4.2; p < 0.0001). A ROC curve, constructed combining Long and Short RECK expression data, shows an AUC = 0.81 (p < 0.001) to distinguish AMI from stable CAD patients. A significant negative correlation between Long RECK and triglycerides in CTR group and a positive correlation in the AMI group was found. The combined evaluation of Long and Short RECK expression levels is a potential genomic biomarker for the discrimination of AMI from CAD patients. Our results underline the relevance of deeper studies on the expression of these two splice variants to elucidate their functional role in CAD development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Vancheri
- Genetics Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.V.); (E.M.); (G.N.)
| | - Elena Morini
- Genetics Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.V.); (E.M.); (G.N.)
| | - Francesca Romana Prandi
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.R.P.); (E.A.); (R.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Elie Alkhoury
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.R.P.); (E.A.); (R.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Roberto Celotto
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.R.P.); (E.A.); (R.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.R.P.); (E.A.); (R.C.); (F.R.)
- Unicamillus International Medical University, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Genetics Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.V.); (E.M.); (G.N.)
- Medical Genetics Laboratories, Tor Vergata University Hospital, PTV, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Neuromed IRCCS Institute, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
- School of Medicine, Reno University of Nevada, Reno, NV 1664, USA
| | - Francesca Amati
- Genetics Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.V.); (E.M.); (G.N.)
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, University San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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The alternatively spliced RECK transcript variant 3 is a predictor of poor survival for melanoma patients being upregulated in aggressive cell lines and modulating MMP gene expression in vitro. Melanoma Res 2021; 30:223-234. [PMID: 31764436 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) gene was described as a tumor suppressor gene two decades ago. Recently, novel alternatively spliced products of this gene have been identified. Of these, the transcript variant 3 (RECKVar3) was shown to display tumor-facilitating effects in astrocytoma cells in vitro, with a higher RECKVar3/canonical RECK expression ratio being correlated with lower survival rates of patients. However, the regulatory mechanisms through which the cell controls the production and maintenance of these alternative transcripts, as well as their expression in other tumor types, remain elusive. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the role of the alternatively spliced transcripts from the RECK gene in melanoma progression as well as their regulation mechanism. To this end, we analyzed data from the Cancer Genome Atlas network and experimental data obtained from a panel of cell lines to show that high levels of RECKVar3 are predictive of poor survival. We also show that the MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways clearly play a role in determining the alternative-to-canonical ratio in vitro. Finally, we show that overexpression of the RECKVar3 protein upregulates matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9 and MMP-14 mRNA, while downregulating their inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)3, and that RECKVar3-specific knockdown in the 1205Lu melanoma cell line hampered upregulation of the MMP9 mRNA promoted by the MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126. Taken together, our data complement the evidence that the RECK gene has a dual role in cancer, contributing to better understanding of the signaling cues, which dictate the melanoma invasive potential.
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Low RECK Expression Is Part of the Cervical Carcinogenesis Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092217. [PMID: 34066355 PMCID: PMC8124470 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced carcinogenesis comprises alterations in the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and their regulators. Reversion-inducing Cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK) inhibits the activation of specific metalloproteinases and its expression is frequently lost in human cancers. Here we analyzed the role of RECK in cervical carcinogenesis. Cervical cancer derived cell lines over expressing RECK were used to determine tumor kinetics as well as, cellular, immune and molecular properties in vivo. Besides, we analyzed RECK expression in cervical cancer samples. RECK over expression (RECK+) delayed tumor growth and increased overall survival in vivo. RECK+ tumors displayed an increase in lymphoid-like inflammatory infiltrating cells, reduced number and viability of tumor and endothelial cells and lower collagenase activity. RECK+ tumors exhibited an enrichment of cell adhesion processes both in the mouse model and cervical cancer clinical samples. Finally, we found that lower RECK mRNA levels were associated with cervical lesions progression and worse response to chemotherapy in cervical cancer patients. Altogether, we show that increased RECK expression reduced the tumorigenic potential of HPV-transformed cells both in vitro and in vivo, and that RECK down regulation is a consistent and clinically relevant event in the natural history of cervical cancer.
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Russell JJ, Grisanti LA, Brown SM, Bailey CA, Bender SB, Chandrasekar B. Reversion inducing cysteine rich protein with Kazal motifs and cardiovascular diseases: The RECKlessness of adverse remodeling. Cell Signal 2021; 83:109993. [PMID: 33781845 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Reversion Inducing Cysteine Rich Protein With Kazal Motifs (RECK) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored membrane-bound regulator of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). It is expressed throughout the body and plays a role in extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis and inflammation. In initial studies, RECK expression was found to be downregulated in various invasive cancers and associated with poor prognostic outcome. Restoring RECK, however, has been shown to reverse the metastatic phenotype. Downregulation of RECK expression is also reported in non-malignant diseases, such as periodontal disease, renal fibrosis, and myocardial fibrosis. As such, RECK induction has therapeutic potential in several chronic diseases. Mechanistically, RECK negatively regulates various matrixins involved in cell migration, proliferation, and adverse remodeling by targeting the expression and/or activation of multiple MMPs, A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase Domain-Containing Proteins (ADAMs), and A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase With Thrombospondin Motifs (ADAMTS). Outside of its role in remodeling, RECK has also been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects. In cardiac diseases, for example, it has been shown to counteract several downstream effectors of Angiotensin II (Ang-II) that play a role in adverse cardiac and vascular remodeling, such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6)/IL-6 receptor (IL-6R)/glycoprotein 130 (IL-6 signal transducer) signaling and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) transactivation. This review article focuses on the current understanding of the multifunctional effects of RECK and how its downregulation may contribute to adverse cardiovascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Russell
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America; Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States of America.
| | - Laurel A Grisanti
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America.
| | - Scott M Brown
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America; Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States of America.
| | - Chastidy A Bailey
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America; Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States of America.
| | - Shawn B Bender
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America; Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States of America; Dalton Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America.
| | - B Chandrasekar
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States of America; Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States of America; Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America; Dalton Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America.
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Carella A, Tejedor JR, García MG, Urdinguio RG, Bayón GF, Sierra M, López V, García‐Toraño E, Santamarina‐Ojeda P, Pérez RF, Bigot T, Mangas C, Corte‐Torres MD, Sáenz‐de‐Santa‐María I, Mollejo M, Meléndez B, Astudillo A, Chiara MD, Fernández AF, Fraga MF. Epigenetic downregulation of TET3 reduces genome‐wide 5hmC levels and promotes glioblastoma tumorigenesis. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:373-387. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Carella
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
| | - Juan R. Tejedor
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
- Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Asturias (FINBA)Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) Oviedo Spain
| | - María G. García
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
| | - Rocío G. Urdinguio
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN‐CSIC)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
| | - Gustavo F. Bayón
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
| | - Marta Sierra
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
| | - Virginia López
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN‐CSIC)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
| | - Estela García‐Toraño
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
| | - Pablo Santamarina‐Ojeda
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
- Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Asturias (FINBA)Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) Oviedo Spain
| | - Raúl F. Pérez
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN‐CSIC)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
| | - Timothée Bigot
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
- Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Asturias (FINBA)Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) Oviedo Spain
| | - Cristina Mangas
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
| | - María D. Corte‐Torres
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA)Biobanco del Principado de Asturias Oviedo Spain
| | - Inés Sáenz‐de‐Santa‐María
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA)Universidad de Oviedo, CIBERONC Oviedo Spain
| | - Manuela Mollejo
- Departamento de PatologíaHospital Virgen de la Salud (CHT) Toledo Spain
| | - Bárbara Meléndez
- Departamento de PatologíaHospital Virgen de la Salud (CHT) Toledo Spain
| | - Aurora Astudillo
- Departamento de Anatomía PatológicaHospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA) Oviedo Spain
| | - María D. Chiara
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA)Universidad de Oviedo, CIBERONC Oviedo Spain
| | - Agustín F. Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
- Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Asturias (FINBA)Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) Oviedo Spain
| | - Mario F. Fraga
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN‐CSIC)Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
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Mummidi S, Das NA, Carpenter AJ, Yoshida T, Yariswamy M, Mostany R, Izadpanah R, Higashi Y, Sukhanov S, Noda M, Siebenlist U, Rector RS, Chandrasekar B. RECK suppresses interleukin-17/TRAF3IP2-mediated MMP-13 activation and human aortic smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22242-22259. [PMID: 31074012 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sustained inflammation and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation contribute to vascular occlusive/proliferative disorders. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a proinflammatory cytokine that signals mainly via TRAF3 Interacting Protein 2 (TRAF3IP2), an upstream regulator of various critical transcription factors, including AP-1 and NF-κB. Reversion inducing cysteine rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) is a membrane-anchored MMP inhibitor. Here we investigated whether IL-17A/TRAF3IP2 signaling promotes MMP-13-dependent human aortic smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and migration, and determined whether RECK overexpression blunts these responses. Indeed, IL-17A treatment induced (a) JNK, p38 MAPK, AP-1, NF-κB, and CREB activation, (b) miR-21 induction, (c) miR-27b and miR-320 inhibition, (d) MMP-13 expression and activation, (e) RECK suppression, and (f) SMC migration and proliferation, all in a TRAF3IP2-dependent manner. In fact, gain of TRAG3IP2 function, by itself, induced MMP-13 expression and activation, and RECK suppression. Furthermore, treatment with recombinant MMP-13 stimulated SMC migration in part via ERK activation. Importantly, RECK gain-of-function attenuated MMP-13 activity without affecting its mRNA or protein levels, and inhibited IL-17A- and MMP-13-induced SMC migration. These results indicate that increased MMP-13 and decreased RECK contribute to IL-17A-induced TRAF3IP2-dependent SMC migration and proliferation, and suggest that TRAF3IP2 inhibitors or RECK inducers have the potential to block the progression of neointimal thickening in hyperplastic vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Mummidi
- Department of Human Genetics, South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Edinburg, Texas
| | - Nitin A Das
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Andrea J Carpenter
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Tadashi Yoshida
- Department of Medicine/Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Manjunath Yariswamy
- Department of Medicine/Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Ricardo Mostany
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Reza Izadpanah
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Yusuke Higashi
- Department of Medicine/Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Sergiy Sukhanov
- Department of Medicine/Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Makoto Noda
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Randy S Rector
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology and Hepatology/Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Bysani Chandrasekar
- Department of Medicine/Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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Lobba ARM, Carreira ACO, Cerqueira OLD, Fujita A, DeOcesano-Pereira C, Osorio CAB, Soares FA, Rameshwar P, Sogayar MC. High CD90 (THY-1) expression positively correlates with cell transformation and worse prognosis in basal-like breast cancer tumors. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199254. [PMID: 29949609 PMCID: PMC6021101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women, with the basal-like triple negative (TNBC) being the most agressive one, displaying the poorest prognosis within the ductal carcinoma subtype. Due to the lack of adequate molecular targets, the diagnosis and treatment of patients with the TNBC phenotype has been a great challenge. In a previous work, we identified CD90/Thy-1 as being highly expressed in the aggressive high malignancy grade Hs578T basal-like breast tumor cell line, pointing to this molecule as a promising breast tumor marker, which should be further investigated. Here, CD90 expression was analyzed in human breast cancer samples and its functional role was investigated to better assess the oncogenic nature of CD90 in mammary cells. Quantification of CD90 expression in human breast cancer samples, by tissue microarray, showed that high CD90 positivity correlates with metastasis and poor patient survival in the basal-like subtype. The functional genetic approach, by overexpression in the CD90 cDNA in a basal-like normal mammary cell line (MCF10A) and knockdown in a highly malignant cell line (Hs578T), allowed us to demonstrate that CD90 is involved with several cellular processes that lead to malignant transformation, such as: morphological change, increased cell proliferation, invasiveness, metastasis and activation of the EGFR pathway. Therefore, our results reveal that CD90 is involved with malignant transformation in breast cancer cell lines and is correlated with metastasis and poor patient survival in the basal-like subtype, being considered as a promising new breast cancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ramos Maia Lobba
- NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira
- NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Otto Luiz Dutra Cerqueira
- NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Fujita
- Department of Computer Science, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos DeOcesano-Pereira
- NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Mari Cleide Sogayar
- NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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8
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Lee HN, Mitra M, Bosompra O, Corney DC, Johnson EL, Rashed N, Ho LD, Coller HA. RECK isoforms have opposing effects on cell migration. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:1825-1838. [PMID: 29874120 PMCID: PMC6085827 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-12-0708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is a highly conserved process involving cytoskeletal reorganization and restructuring of the surrounding extracellular matrix. Although there are many studies describing mechanisms underlying cell motility, little has been reported about the contribution of alternative isoform use toward cell migration. Here, we investigated whether alternative isoform use can affect cell migration focusing on reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK), an established inhibitor of cell migration. We found that a shorter isoform of RECK is more highly expressed in proliferating fibroblasts, in TGF-β-treated fibroblasts, and in tumors compared with differentiated tissue. Knockdown of this short RECK isoform reduces fibroblast migration through Matrigel. Thus, this short isoform of RECK generated by a combination of alternative splicing and alternative polyadenylation plays an opposing role to the canonical RECK isoform, as knockdown of canonical RECK results in faster cell migration through Matrigel. We show that the short RECK protein competes with matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP9) for binding to the Kazal motifs of canonical RECK, thus liberating MMP9 from an inactivating interaction with canonical RECK. Our studies provide a new paradigm and a detailed mechanism for how alternative isoform use can regulate cell migration by producing two proteins with opposing effects from the same genetic locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Neul Lee
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Mithun Mitra
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Oye Bosompra
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - David C Corney
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | | | - Nadine Rashed
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Linda D Ho
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Hilary A Coller
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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9
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RNA processing as an alternative route to attack glioblastoma. Hum Genet 2017; 136:1129-1141. [PMID: 28608251 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-017-1819-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genomic analyses have become an important tool to identify new avenues for therapy. This is especially true for cancer types with extremely poor outcomes, since our lack of effective therapies offers no tangible clinical starting point to build upon. The highly malignant brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM) exemplifies such a refractory cancer, with only 15 month average patient survival. Analyses of several hundred GBM samples compiled by the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) have produced an extensive transcriptomic map, identified prevalent chromosomal alterations, and defined important driver mutations. Unfortunately, clinical trials based on these results have not yet delivered an improvement on outcome. It is, therefore, necessary to characterize other regulatory routes known for playing a role in tumor relapse and response to treatment. Alternative splicing affects more than 90% of the human coding genes and it is an important source for transcript variation and gene regulation. Mutations and alterations in splicing factors are highly prevalent in multiple cancers, demonstrating the potential for splicing to act as a tumor driver. As a result, numerous genes are expressed as cancer-specific splicing isoforms that are functionally distinct from the canonical isoforms found in normal tissue. These include genes that regulate cancer-critical pathways such as apoptosis, DNA repair, cell proliferation, and migration. Splicing defects can even induce genomic instability, a common characteristic of cancer, and a driver of tumor evolution. Importantly, components of the splicing machinery are targetable; multiple drugs can inhibit splicing factors or promote changes in splicing which could be exploited to begin improving clinical outcomes. Here, we review the current literature and present a case for exploring RNA processing as therapeutic route for the treatment of GBM.
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Belanova AA, Smirnov DS, Makarenko MS, Belousova MM, Mashkina EV, Aleksandrova AA, Soldatov AV, Zolotukhin PV. Individual expression features of GPX2, NQO1 and SQSTM1 transcript variants induced by hydrogen peroxide treatment in HeLa cells. Genet Mol Biol 2017; 40:515-524. [PMID: 28558074 PMCID: PMC5488449 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathway activity assessment-based approaches are becoming highly influential in various fields of biology and medicine. However, these approaches mostly rely on analysis of mRNA expression, and total mRNA from a given locus is measured in the majority of cases. Notably, a significant portion of protein-coding genes produces more than one transcript. This biological fact is responsible for significant noise when changes in total mRNA transcription of a single gene are analyzed. The NFE2L2/AP-1 pathway is an attractive target for biomedical applications. To date, there is a lack of data regarding the agreement in expression of even classical target genes of this pathway. In the present paper we analyzed whether transcript variants of GPX2, NQO1 and SQSTM1 were characterized by individual features of expression when HeLa cells were exposed to pro-oxidative stimulation with hydrogen peroxide. We found that all the transcripts (10 in total) appeared to be significantly individually regulated under the conditions tested. We conclude that individual transcripts, rather than total mRNA, are best markers of pathway activation. We also discuss here some biological roles of individual transcript regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Belanova
- Evolution Corporate Group, Cell Physiology Laboratory, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Smirnov
- Evolution Corporate Group, Cell Physiology Laboratory, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Maxim S Makarenko
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Mariya M Belousova
- Department of English Language for Natural Sciences Faculties, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Elena V Mashkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Anzhela A Aleksandrova
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Alexander V Soldatov
- Department of Nanosystems Physics and Spectroscopy, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Peter V Zolotukhin
- Evolution Corporate Group, Cell Physiology Laboratory, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
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Kowshik J, Mishra R, Sophia J, Rautray S, Anbarasu K, Reddy GD, Dixit M, Mahalingam S, Nagini S. Nimbolide upregulates RECK by targeting miR-21 and HIF-1α in cell lines and in a hamster oral carcinogenesis model. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2045. [PMID: 28515436 PMCID: PMC5435722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01960-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK), a potent inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is a common negative target of oncogenic signals and a potential therapeutic target for novel drug development. Here, we show that sequential RECKlessness stimulates angiogenesis and Notch signalling in the 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis model, a paradigm for oral oncogenesis and chemointervention. We also report the chemotherapeutic effect of nimbolide, a limonoid from the neem tree (Azadirachta indica) based on the upregulation of RECK as well as modulation of the expression of key molecules involved in invasion and angiogenesis. We demonstrate that nimbolide upregulates RECK by targeting miR-21, and HIF-1α resulting in reduced MMP activity and blockade of VEGF and Notch signalling. Nimbolide reduced microvascular density, confirming its anti-angiogenic potential. Molecular docking analysis revealed interaction of nimbolide with HIF-1α. Additionally, we demonstrate that nimbolide upregulates RECK expression via downregulation of HIF-1α and miR-21 by overexpression and knockdown experiments in SCC4 and EAhy926 cell lines. Taken together, these findings provide compelling evidence that targeting RECK, a keystone protein that regulates mediators of invasion and angiogenesis with phytochemicals such as nimbolide may be a robust therapeutic approach to prevent oral cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaganathan Kowshik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajakishore Mishra
- Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 835205, Jharkhand, India
| | - Josephraj Sophia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Satabdi Rautray
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumaraswamy Anbarasu
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Deepak Reddy
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Division, Vishnu Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Narsapur, India
| | - Madhulika Dixit
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundarasamy Mahalingam
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Siddavaram Nagini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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