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Souza MS, Farias JP, Andreata-Santos R, Silva MP, Brito RDDS, Duarte Barbosa da Silva M, Peter CM, Cirilo MVDF, Luiz WB, Birbrair A, Vidal PO, de Castro-Amarante MF, Candido ED, Munhoz AS, de Mello Malta F, Dorlass EG, Machado RRG, Pinho JRR, Oliveira DBL, Durigon EL, Maricato JT, Braconi CT, Ferreira LCDS, Janini LMR, Amorim JH. Neutralizing antibody response after immunization with a COVID-19 bivalent vaccine: Insights to the future. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29416. [PMID: 38285457 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The raising of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants led to the use of COVID-19 bivalent vaccines, which include antigens of the wild-type (WT) virus, and of the Omicron strain. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of bivalent vaccination on the neutralizing antibody (NAb) response. We enrolled 93 volunteers who had received three or four doses of monovalent vaccines based on the original virus (n = 61), or a booster shot with the bivalent vaccine (n = 32). Serum samples collected from volunteers were subjected to neutralization assays using the WT SARS-CoV-2, and Omicron subvariants. In addition, immunoinformatics to quantify and localize highly conserved NAb epitopes were performed. As main result, we observed that the neutralization titers of samples from individuals vaccinated with the bivalent vaccine were higher for the original virus, in comparison to their capacity of neutralizing the Omicron variant and its subvariants. NAb that recognize epitopes mostly conserved in the WT SARS-CoV-2 were boosted, while those that recognize epitopes mostly present in the Omicron variant, and subvariants were primed. These results indicate that formulation of future vaccines shall consider to target present viruses, and not viruses that no longer circulate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Silva Souza
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Western Bahia Virology Institute, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Pathology and Genetics, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Pires Farias
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Western Bahia Virology Institute, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Vaccine Development Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robert Andreata-Santos
- Department of Microbiology, Vaccine Development Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, São Paulo School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marianne Pereira Silva
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Western Bahia Virology Institute, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ruth Dálety da Silva Brito
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Western Bahia Virology Institute, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Marcia Duarte Barbosa da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, São Paulo School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Mendes Peter
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, São Paulo School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius de França Cirilo
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Western Bahia Virology Institute, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Wilson Barros Luiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Pathology and Genetics, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Paloma Oliveira Vidal
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Western Bahia Virology Institute, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda de Castro-Amarante
- Department of Microbiology, Vaccine Development Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erika Donizetti Candido
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Institute of Biomedical science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rafael Rahal Guaragna Machado
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Institute of Biomedical science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Danielle Bruna Leal Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Institute of Biomedical science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edison Luiz Durigon
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Institute of Biomedical science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Terzi Maricato
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, São Paulo School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Torres Braconi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, São Paulo School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos de Souza Ferreira
- Department of Microbiology, Vaccine Development Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Scientific Platform Pasteur USP, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Mário Ramos Janini
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, São Paulo School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaime Henrique Amorim
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Western Bahia Virology Institute, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Pathology and Genetics, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Vaccine Development Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Chicowski AS, Bredow M, Utiyama AS, Marcelino‐Guimarães FC, Whitham SA. Soybean-Phakopsora pachyrhizi interactions: towards the development of next-generation disease-resistant plants. Plant Biotechnol J 2024; 22:296-315. [PMID: 37883664 PMCID: PMC10826999 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Soybean rust (SBR), caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is a devastating foliar disease threatening soybean production. To date, no commercial cultivars conferring durable resistance to SBR are available. The development of long-lasting SBR resistance has been hindered by the lack of understanding of this complex pathosystem, encompassing challenges posed by intricate genetic structures in both the host and pathogen, leading to a gap in the knowledge of gene-for-gene interactions between soybean and P. pachyrhizi. In this review, we focus on recent advancements and emerging technologies that can be used to improve our understanding of the P. pachyrhizi-soybean molecular interactions. We further explore approaches used to combat SBR, including conventional breeding, transgenic approaches and RNA interference, and how advances in our understanding of plant immune networks, the availability of new molecular tools, and the recent sequencing of the P. pachyrhizi genome could be used to aid in the development of better genetic resistance against SBR. Lastly, we discuss the research gaps of this pathosystem and how new technologies can be used to shed light on these questions and to develop durable next-generation SBR-resistant soybean plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Sartor Chicowski
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and MicrobiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Melissa Bredow
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and MicrobiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Alice Satiko Utiyama
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation – National Soybean Research Center (Embrapa Soja)LondrinaParanáBrazil
- Department of AgronomyFederal University of ViçosaViçosaMinas GeraisBrazil
| | | | - Steven A. Whitham
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and MicrobiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
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Zomer HD, de Souza Lima VJ, Bion MC, Brito KNL, Rode M, Stimamiglio MA, Jeremias TDS, Trentin AG. Evaluation of secretomes derived from human dermal and adipose tissue mesenchymal stem/stromal cells for skin wound healing: not as effective as cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:15. [PMID: 38229157 PMCID: PMC10792854 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03630-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the paracrine effects of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been recognized as crucial mediators of their regenerative effects on tissue repair, the potential of MSC secretomes as effective substitutes for cellular therapies remains underexplored. METHODS In this study, we compared MSCs from the human dermis (DSCs) and adipose tissue (ASCs) with their secretomes regarding their efficacy for skin wound healing using a translationally relevant murine model. RESULTS Proteomic analysis revealed that while there was a substantial overlap in protein composition between DSC and ASC secretomes, specific proteins associated with wound healing and angiogenesis were differentially expressed. Despite a similar angiogenic potential in vivo, DSC and ASC secretomes were found to be less effective than cells in accelerating wound closure and promoting tissue remodeling. CONCLUSIONS Overall, secretome-treated groups showed intermediary results between cells- and control-treated (empty scaffold) groups. These findings highlight that although secretomes possess therapeutic potential, their efficacy might be limited compared to cellular therapies. This study contributes to the growing understanding of MSC secretomes, emphasizes the need for further protocol optimization, and offers insights into their potential applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Debiazi Zomer
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Victor Juan de Souza Lima
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Monique Coelho Bion
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karynne Nazare Lins Brito
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Michele Rode
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Marco Augusto Stimamiglio
- Laboratory for Stem Cells Basic Biology, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ/PR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Talita da Silva Jeremias
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Andrea Gonçalves Trentin
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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de Melo LB, Scarpassa VM. Phylogeographic inference for Bichromomyia flaviscutellata sensu stricto (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phebotominae) from the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, based on the 3' region of the COI gene. J Med Entomol 2024; 61:142-151. [PMID: 37931918 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Bichromomyia flaviscutellata (Mangabeira, 1942) sensu stricto (Diptera: Psychodidae) has been recognized as the main vector of Leishmania amazonensis in the Brazilian Amazon. For this reason, it is of paramount importance to understand the distribution of genetic diversity of populations of this vector, particularly the genetic structure and gene flow, for its management and control efforts. This study investigated the phylogeographic structure of five B. flaviscutellata s.s. populations from the central Brazilian Amazon region by analyzing 1,141 bp fragment of the 3' region of the COI gene. A total of 85 specimens of B. flaviscutellata s.s. were sequenced from Manaus (14), Rio Preto da Eva (10), Pitinga (14), Novo Airão (21), and Autazes (26); all in the state of Amazonas. The dataset yielded 59 haplotypes, most of them connected to each other in the main network. There were high levels of intrapopulation genetic variability (h = 0.945 ± 0.035 - 0.978 ± 0.054). The genetic distance values among populations varied from moderate (0.0873) to very high (0.3535), and all comparisons were significant, as well as the hierarchical analysis (ΦST = 0.2145). In contrast, these comparisons revealed a high number of shared sites (Ss = 6-34) and no difference in fixed sites (Sf = 0) among populations indicating absence of historical isolation. The Mantel test indicated that 67.92% (r = 0.6792; P = 0.06) of the genetic structure observed in B. flaviscutellata s.s. cannot be explained by the isolation-by-distance (IBD) model. This genetic structure, weakly explained by the IBD, may be due mainly by the forest habitat fragmentation and the low dispersal (flight) capacity of sand flies. Both factors could lead to population fragmentation and isolation, which promote genetic differentiation. Taken together, these findings suggest that the genetic structure observed in the studied populations of B. flaviscutellata s.s. is likely generated by microevolutionary processes acting at the population level at the present time and, therefore, evolutionary lineages were not recognized among the populations analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Barroso de Melo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Instituto Nacional Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Vera Margarete Scarpassa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Instituto Nacional Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética de Populações e Evolução de Vetores de Malária e Dengue, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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de Pádua Souza C, Carneiro ASB, de Oliveira Lessa AC, Lacerda DC, Paiva CE, Zorzetto MMC, de Freitas AJA, Santana IVV, de Oliveira MA, Palmero EI, Marques MMC, Reinert T. Neoadjuvant carboplatin in triple-negative breast cancer: results from NACATRINE, a randomized phase II clinical trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 202:57-65. [PMID: 37578666 PMCID: PMC10504209 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is the mainstay of treatment of stages II and III triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study aims to evaluate if the addition of carboplatin to NACT is associated with an increase in the pathological complete response (pCR) rates in TNBC. METHODS We conducted an open-label phase II randomized clinical trial in a single center in Brazil. Patients with stage II and III TNBC were randomized to receive standard NACT with or without carboplatin. All the patients received doxorubicin (60 mg/m2) plus cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m2) both intravenously (i.v.) q21 days for four cycles. Patients were then randomized for additional treatment with weekly (wk) paclitaxel (80 mg/m2 i.v., for 12 cycles) plus wk carboplatin AUC 1.5 (experimental arm) or without wk carboplatin (control arm). Randomization was stratified according to gBRCA status, age, and AJCC 8th edition clinical stage (II vs. III). The primary endpoint was the pathologic complete response (pCR) rate. Secondary endpoints included recurrence-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS Between 2017 and 2021, 146 patients were randomized, 73 on each arm. The median age was 45 years. Most patients (66.4%) had locally advanced stage III disease, 67.1% had T3/T4 tumors, and 56.2% had clinically positive axillary lymph nodes. Germline BRCA status was available for all patients, and 19.9% had pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants. The pCR rate (ypT0ypN0) was numerically increased by 13.7%, being 43.8% (31 of 73 patients) in the experimental and 30.1% (22 of 73 patients) in the control arm, not meeting the prespecified goal of increasing the pCR in 15% (p-value = 0.08). Survival outcomes are immature. CONCLUSION The addition of carboplatin to standard NACT in stages II and III TNBC was associated with a non-statistically significant numerical increase in the pCR rate. Follow-up for survival outcomes and translational research initiatives are ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ana Julia Aguiar de Freitas
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Teaching and Research Institute, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edenir Inêz Palmero
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Teaching and Research Institute, Barretos, SP, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Tomás Reinert
- Oncoclinicas, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Grupo Brasileiro de Estudos em Câncer de Mama (GBECAM), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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de Carvalho RHDSBF, Alves MTSSDBE, da Silva-Junior AG, Alexandre GC, Coimbra TRS, Moraes M, de Menezes LO, de Oliveira SS, Thomaz EBAF, Lamy ZC, Barreira LSG. Maternal health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experiences of health workers in three Brazilian municipalities. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290068. [PMID: 37643204 PMCID: PMC10464980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the experiences of maternal health workers in three Brazilian cities, located in the Northeast (São Luís), Southeast (Niterói), and South (Pelotas) regions during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Qualitative research carried out between December 2020 and February 2021. Interviews were conducted, in person or remotely, with 30 health workers, doctors and nurses, working in maternity hospitals of different degrees of complexity. RESULTS Sociodemographic characteristics, employment relationships and professional qualification of the interviewees were described. Two thematic axes were identified: 1) changes in hospital organization and dynamics in the pandemic; 2) Illness and suffering of health workers. The majority of respondents were women. Most physicians had work relationships in the public and private sectors. In Niterói, health workers had better professional qualifications and more precarious work relationships (as temporary hires), compared to São Luís and Pelotas. In the context of the uncertainties resulting from the pandemic, this situation generated even more insecurity for those workers. The statements at the beginning of the pandemic covered topics such as changes in the organizational dynamics of services, healthcare, telemedicine, and interaction between health workers and users. In the health workers' perception, the initial period of the health emergency, which resulted in intense changes in the provision of services, was marked by an increase in preterm births, perinatal mortality, and fetal losses. Work overload, fear of contamination, concern for family members and uncertainties regarding the new disease caused intense suffering in health workers who had little institutional support in the cities studied. The suffering experienced by health workers went beyond the work dimension, reaching their private life. CONCLUSION Changes caused by the pandemic required immediate adjustments in professional practices, generating insecurities in healthcare regardless of the location studied. The method of hiring health workers remained the same as the previously practiced one in each city. Due to the risk of disease transmission, measures contrary to humanization practices, and more restrictive in São Luís, were reported as harmful to obstetric care. The Covid-19 pandemic was a huge challenge for the Brazilian health system, aggravating the working conditions experienced by health workers. In addition to the work environment, it was possible to briefly glimpse its effects on private life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zeni Carvalho Lamy
- Public Health Department, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
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Salci MA, Carreira L, Facchini LA, Oliveira MLFD, de Oliveira RR, Ichisato SMT, Covre ER, Pesce GB, Santos JAT, Derhun FM, Hungaro AA, Moura D, Höring CF, Santos MLAD, Oliveira NND, Paiano M, Góes HLDF, Jaques AE, Fernandes CAM, Vissoci JRN. Post-acute COVID and long-COVID among adults and older adults in the State of Paraná, Brazil: protocol for an ambispective cohort study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061094. [PMID: 36691205 PMCID: PMC9461084 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since 2020, the world has been going through a viral pandemic with a high morbidity and mortality rate along with the potential to evolve from an acute infection to post-acute and long-COVID, which is still in the process of elucidation. Diagnostic and prognostic research is essential to understand the complexity of factors and contexts involving the illness's process. This protocol introduces a study strategy to analyse predictors, sequelae, and repercussions of COVID-19 in adults and older adults with different disease severities in the State of Paraná, Brazil. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A mixed-methods sequential explanatory design. The quantitative data will be conducted by an ambispective cohort study, which will explore the manifestations of COVID-19 for 18 months, with nearly 3000 participants with confirmed diagnoses of COVID-19 (reverse transcription-PCR test) between March and December of 2020, retrieved from national disease reporting databases, over 18 years old, living in a Brazilian State (Paraná) and who survived the viral infection after being discharged from a health service. Data collection will be conducted through telephone interviews, at two different occasions: the first will be a recall 12 months after the acute phase as a retrospective follow-up, and the second will be another prospective interview, with data of the following 6 months. For the qualitative step, Grounded Theory will be used; participants will be selected from the cohort population. The first sample group will be composed of people who were discharged from the intensive care unit, and other sample groups will be composed according to theoretical saturation. The qualitative data will follow the temporal design and classification of the disease provided for in the cohort. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was granted by the State University of Maringá, under opinion number: 4 165 272 and CAAE: 34787020.0.0000.0104 on 21 July 2020, and Hospital do Trabalhador (Worker's Hospital), which is accountable for the Health Department of the State of Paraná, under opinion number: 4 214 589 and CAAE: 34787020.0.3001.5225 on 15 August 2020. The participants will verbally consent to the research, their consent will be recorded, and the informed consent form will be sent by mail or email. Outcomes will be widely disseminated through peer-reviewed manuscripts, conference presentations, media and reports to related authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ligia Carreira
- Nursing Department, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Luiz Augusto Facchini
- Departamento de Medicina Social, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Débora Moura
- Nursing Department, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marcelle Paiano
- Nursing Department, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - João Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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de Andrade LC, Borges-Pedro JP, Gomes MCRL, Tregidgo DJ, do Nascimento ACS, Paim FP, Marmontel M, Benitz T, Hercos AP, do Amaral JV. The sustainable development goals in two sustainable development reserves in central amazon: achievements and challenges. Discov Sustain 2021; 2:54. [PMID: 35425916 PMCID: PMC8647519 DOI: 10.1007/s43621-021-00065-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The 2030 Agenda was set in 2015 by the United Nations, with 17 Sustainable Development Goals. The Amazonian riverine people are recognized as traditional communities that have their own culture and use the local natural resources of their territories in an ancestral and traditional way. The Sustainable Development Reserve is a Brazilian protected area category which aims to ensure the protection of the natural environment while allowing the residence and the use of these lands by traditional populations. This article reports and discusses the achievements and challenges of the Sustainable Development Goals in two sustainable development reserves in Central Amazonia. The goals were evaluated in the Mamirauá and Amanã Sustainable Development Reserves, due to the large research programs developed in those areas along the past 20 years. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals have a clear connection with the mission of these sustainable development reserves in Central Amazon. Despite the many achievements conquered over the years, there are many challenges yet to overcome; and while striving to achieve the goals from the 2030 Agenda, new challenges will emerge. The current main challenges to reach the Sustainable Development Goals in the Mamirauá and Amanã Sustainable Development Reserves, in Central Amazon, are connecting to the reality of rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - João Paulo Borges-Pedro
- Mamirauá Sustainable Development Institute, Estrada Do Bexiga, Tefé, AM 258469553-225 Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Joseph Tregidgo
- Mamirauá Sustainable Development Institute, Estrada Do Bexiga, Tefé, AM 258469553-225 Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Pozzan Paim
- Mamirauá Sustainable Development Institute, Estrada Do Bexiga, Tefé, AM 258469553-225 Brazil
| | - Miriam Marmontel
- Mamirauá Sustainable Development Institute, Estrada Do Bexiga, Tefé, AM 258469553-225 Brazil
| | - Tabatha Benitz
- Mamirauá Sustainable Development Institute, Estrada Do Bexiga, Tefé, AM 258469553-225 Brazil
| | - Alexandre Pucci Hercos
- Mamirauá Sustainable Development Institute, Estrada Do Bexiga, Tefé, AM 258469553-225 Brazil
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Rossi da Silva K, Ribeiro da Silva W, Silva BP, Arcos AN, da Silva Ferreira FA, Soares-da-Silva J, Pontes GO, Roque RA, Tadei WP, Navarro-Silva MA, Zequi JAC. New traps for the capture of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) eggs and adults. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0008813. [PMID: 33861744 PMCID: PMC8081340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of arboviruses carried by Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) can be performed with tools that monitor and reduce the circulation of these vectors. Therefore, the efficiency of four types of traps in capturing A. aegypti and A. albopictus eggs and adults, with the biological product Vectobac WG, was evaluated in the field. For this, 20 traps were installed in two locations, which were in the South (Londrina, Paraná) and North (Manaus, Amazonas) Regions of Brazil, from March to April 2017 and January to February 2018, respectively. The UELtrap-E (standard trap) and UELtrap-EA traps captured A. aegypti and A. albopictus eggs: 1703/1866 eggs in Londrina, and 10268/2149 eggs in Manaus, respectively, and presented high ovitraps positivity index (OPI) values (averages: 100%/100% in Londrina, and 100%/96% in Manaus, respectively); and high egg density index (EDI) values (averages: 68/75 in Londrina, and 411/89 in Manaus, respectively), so they had statistically superior efficiency to that of the CRtrap-E and CRtrap-EA traps in both regions, that captured less eggs and adults: 96/69 eggs in Londrina, and 1091/510 eggs in Manaus, respectively. Also presented lower OPI values (averages: 28%/4% in Londrina, and 88%/60% in Manaus, respectively); and lower EDI values (averages: 10.5/9 in Londrina, and 47/30 in Manaus, respectively). The capture ratios of Aedes adults in the UELtrap-EA and CRtrap-EA traps in Londrina and Manaus were 53.3%/29.5% and 0%/9.8%, respectively. UELtrap-EA can be adopted as efficient tool for Aedes monitoring due to their high sensitivity, low cost and ease of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Rossi da Silva
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - William Ribeiro da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Entomologia), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
- Laboratório de Controle Biológico e Biotecnologia da Malária e Dengue, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - Bianca Piraccini Silva
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Adriano Nobre Arcos
- Laboratório de Controle Biológico e Biotecnologia da Malária e Dengue, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | - Francisco Augusto da Silva Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Entomologia), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
- Laboratório de Controle Biológico e Biotecnologia da Malária e Dengue, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - Joelma Soares-da-Silva
- Curso de Ciências Naturais, Campus VII, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Codó, Maranhão, Brasil
| | - Grafe Oliveira Pontes
- Laboratório de Controle Biológico e Biotecnologia da Malária e Dengue, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
- Centro de Entomologia, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT–HVD), Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - Rosemary Aparecida Roque
- Centro de Entomologia, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT–HVD), Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - Wanderli Pedro Tadei
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Entomologia), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
- Centro de Entomologia, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT–HVD), Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - Mário Antonio Navarro-Silva
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Fisiologia de Culicidae e Chironomidae, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | - João Antonio Cyrino Zequi
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
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10
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de Pedro-Jové R, Puigvert M, Sebastià P, Macho AP, Monteiro JS, Coll NS, Setúbal JC, Valls M. Dynamic expression of Ralstonia solanacearum virulence factors and metabolism-controlling genes during plant infection. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:170. [PMID: 33750302 PMCID: PMC7941725 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ralstonia solanacearum is the causal agent of bacterial wilt, a devastating plant disease responsible for serious economic losses especially on potato, tomato, and other solanaceous plant species in temperate countries. In R. solanacearum, gene expression analysis has been key to unravel many virulence determinants as well as their regulatory networks. However, most of these assays have been performed using either bacteria grown in minimal medium or in planta, after symptom onset, which occurs at late stages of colonization. Thus, little is known about the genetic program that coordinates virulence gene expression and metabolic adaptation along the different stages of plant infection by R. solanacearum. RESULTS We performed an RNA-sequencing analysis of the transcriptome of bacteria recovered from potato apoplast and from the xylem of asymptomatic or wilted potato plants, which correspond to three different conditions (Apoplast, Early and Late xylem). Our results show dynamic expression of metabolism-controlling genes and virulence factors during parasitic growth inside the plant. Flagellar motility genes were especially up-regulated in the apoplast and twitching motility genes showed a more sustained expression in planta regardless of the condition. Xylem-induced genes included virulence genes, such as the type III secretion system (T3SS) and most of its related effectors and nitrogen utilisation genes. The upstream regulators of the T3SS were exclusively up-regulated in the apoplast, preceding the induction of their downstream targets. Finally, a large subset of genes involved in central metabolism was exclusively down-regulated in the xylem at late infection stages. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report describing R. solanacearum dynamic transcriptional changes within the plant during infection. Our data define four main genetic programmes that define gene pathogen physiology during plant colonisation. The described expression of virulence genes, which might reflect bacterial states in different infection stages, provides key information on the R. solanacearum potato infection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- R de Pedro-Jové
- Department of Genetics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - M Puigvert
- Department of Genetics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - P Sebastià
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - A P Macho
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - J S Monteiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - N S Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - J C Setúbal
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Valls
- Department of Genetics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
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Levin G, Coelho TM, Nóbrega NG, Trombetta-Lima M, Sogayar MC, Carreira ACO. Spatio-temporal expression profile of matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp) modulators Reck and Sparc during the rat ovarian dynamics. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:116. [PMID: 30424792 PMCID: PMC6234678 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0422-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (Mmps) and their tissue inhibitors (Timps) are widely recognized as crucial factors for extracellular matrix remodeling in the ovary and are involved in follicular growth, ovulation, luteinization, and luteolysis during the estrous cycle. Recently, several genes have been associated to the modulation of Mmps activity, including Basigin (Bsg), which induces the expression of Mmps in rat ovaries; Sparc, a TGF-β modulator that is related to increased expression of Mmps in cancer; and Reck, which is associated with Mmps inhibition. However, the expression pattern of Mmp modulators in ovary dynamics is still largely uncharacterized. METHODS To characterize the expression pattern of Mmps network members in ovary dynamics, we analyzed the spatio-temporal expression pattern of Reck and Sparc, as well as of Mmp2, Mmp9 and Mmp14 proteins, by immunohistochemistry (IHC), in pre-pubertal rat ovaries obtained from an artificial cycle induced by eCG/hCG, in the different phases of the hormone-induced estrous cycle. We also determined the gene expression profiles of Mmps (2, 9, 13 14), Timps (1, 2, 3), Sparc, Bsg, and Reck to complement this panel. RESULTS IHC analysis revealed that Mmp protein expression peaks at the early stages of folliculogenesis and ovulation, decreases during ovulation-luteogenesis transition and luteogenesis, increasing again during corpus luteum maintenance and luteolysis. The protein expression patterns of these metalloproteinases and Sparc were inverse relative to the pattern displayed by Reck. We observed that the gene expression peaks of Mmps inhibitors Reck and Timp2 were closely paraleled by Mmp2 and Mmp9 suppression. The opposite was also true: increased Mmp2 and Mmp9 expression was concomitant to reduced Reck and Timp2 levels. CONCLUSION Therefore, our results generate a spatio-temporal expression profile panel of Mmps and their regulators, suggesting that Reck and Sparc seem to play a role during ovarian dynamics: Reck as a possible inhibitor and Sparc as an inducer of Mmps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Levin
- 0000 0004 1937 0722grid.11899.38NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Rua Pangaré, 100, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05360-130 Brazil
| | - Tatiane Maldonado Coelho
- 0000 0004 1937 0722grid.11899.38NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Rua Pangaré, 100, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05360-130 Brazil
- 0000 0004 1937 0722grid.11899.38Chemistry Institute, Biochemistry Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Nathali Guimarães Nóbrega
- 0000 0004 1937 0722grid.11899.38NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Rua Pangaré, 100, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05360-130 Brazil
| | - Marina Trombetta-Lima
- 0000 0004 1937 0722grid.11899.38NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Rua Pangaré, 100, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05360-130 Brazil
- 0000 0004 1937 0722grid.11899.38Chemistry Institute, Biochemistry Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Mari Cleide Sogayar
- 0000 0004 1937 0722grid.11899.38NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Rua Pangaré, 100, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05360-130 Brazil
- 0000 0004 1937 0722grid.11899.38Chemistry Institute, Biochemistry Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira
- 0000 0004 1937 0722grid.11899.38NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Rua Pangaré, 100, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05360-130 Brazil
- 0000 0004 1937 0722grid.11899.38Chemistry Institute, Biochemistry Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
- 0000 0004 1937 0722grid.11899.38Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-270 Brazil
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Lobba ARM, Carreira ACO, Cerqueira OLD, Fujita A, DeOcesano-Pereira C, Osorio CAB, Soares FA, Rameshwar P, Sogayar MC. High CD90 (THY-1) expression positively correlates with cell transformation and worse prognosis in basal-like breast cancer tumors. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199254. [PMID: 29949609 PMCID: PMC6021101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women, with the basal-like triple negative (TNBC) being the most agressive one, displaying the poorest prognosis within the ductal carcinoma subtype. Due to the lack of adequate molecular targets, the diagnosis and treatment of patients with the TNBC phenotype has been a great challenge. In a previous work, we identified CD90/Thy-1 as being highly expressed in the aggressive high malignancy grade Hs578T basal-like breast tumor cell line, pointing to this molecule as a promising breast tumor marker, which should be further investigated. Here, CD90 expression was analyzed in human breast cancer samples and its functional role was investigated to better assess the oncogenic nature of CD90 in mammary cells. Quantification of CD90 expression in human breast cancer samples, by tissue microarray, showed that high CD90 positivity correlates with metastasis and poor patient survival in the basal-like subtype. The functional genetic approach, by overexpression in the CD90 cDNA in a basal-like normal mammary cell line (MCF10A) and knockdown in a highly malignant cell line (Hs578T), allowed us to demonstrate that CD90 is involved with several cellular processes that lead to malignant transformation, such as: morphological change, increased cell proliferation, invasiveness, metastasis and activation of the EGFR pathway. Therefore, our results reveal that CD90 is involved with malignant transformation in breast cancer cell lines and is correlated with metastasis and poor patient survival in the basal-like subtype, being considered as a promising new breast cancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ramos Maia Lobba
- NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira
- NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Otto Luiz Dutra Cerqueira
- NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Fujita
- Department of Computer Science, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos DeOcesano-Pereira
- NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Mari Cleide Sogayar
- NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Vissoci JRN, Rocha TAH, da Silva NC, de Sousa Queiroz RC, Thomaz EBAF, Amaral PVM, Lein A, Branco MDRFC, Aquino J, Rodrigues ZMR, da Silva AAM, Staton C. Zika virus infection and microcephaly: Evidence regarding geospatial associations. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006392. [PMID: 29694351 PMCID: PMC5937996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although the Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic ceased to be a public health emergency by the end of 2016, studies to improve knowledge about this emerging disease are still needed, especially those investigating a causal relationship between ZIKV in pregnant women and microcephaly in neonates. However, there are still many challenges in describing the relationship between ZIKV and microcephaly. The few studies focusing on the epidemiological profile of ZIKV and its changes over time are largely limited to systematic reviews of case reports and dispersal mapping of ZIKV spread over time without quantitative methods to analyze patterns and their covariates. Since Brazil has been at the epicenter of the ZIKV epidemic, this study examines the geospatial association between ZIKV and microcephaly in Brazil. Methods Our study is categorized as a retrospective, ecological study based on secondary databases. Data were obtained from January to December 2016, from the following data sources: Brazilian System for Epidemiological Surveillance, Disease Notification System, System for Specialized Management Support, and Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Data were aggregated by municipality. Incidence rates were estimated per 100,000 inhabitants. Analyses consisted of mapping the aggregated incidence rates of ZIKV and microcephaly, followed by a Getis-Ord-Gi spatial cluster analysis and a Bivariate Local Moran’s I analysis. Results The incidence of ZIKV cases is changing the virus’s spatial pattern, shifting from Brazil’s Northeast region to the Midwest and North regions. The number of municipalities in clusters of microcephaly incidence is also shifting from the Northeast region to the Midwest and North, after a time lag is considered. Our findings suggest an increase in microcephaly incidence in the Midwest and North regions, associated with high levels of ZIKV infection months before. Conclusion The greatest burden of microcephaly shifted from the Northeast to other Brazilian regions at the beginning of 2016. Brazil’s Midwest region experienced an increase in microcephaly incidence associated with ZIKV incidence. This finding highlights an association between an increase in ZIKV infection with a rise in microcephaly cases after approximately three months. The increasing evidence of a relationship between ZIKV in pregnant women and fetal congenital ZIKV syndrome with microcephaly has been reported in the literature over the last two years. Our findings suggest a spatial dependency between the diseases. Therefore, using the spatial pattern of ZIKV incidence to better understand risk areas for microcephaly may help the design of surveillance policies. Brazil had a large epidemic of ZIKV, leading to several important studies of the ZIKV outbreak and its association with microcephaly. This study used a geospatial analysis approach to examine the association between ZIKV and microcephaly in Brazilian regions. It was possible to highlight a spatial association between ZIKV and microcephaly considering a time lag between diseases. Brazilian regions with the highest incidences of microcephaly were the regions where the highest incidence of ZIKV occurred months before. This finding can help the organization and planning of health services to offer better screening actions dedicated to pregnant women in high-risk areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Division of Emergency Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Thiago Augusto Hernandes Rocha
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, School of Economics, Center of post-graduate and Research in Administration, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Núbia Cristina da Silva
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Faculty of Economics, Observatory of Human Resources in Health, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pedro Vasconcelos Maia Amaral
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Centre for Development and Regional Planning, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriana Lein
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - José Aquino
- Federal University of Maranhão, Department of Geosciences, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | | | - Catherine Staton
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Division of Emergency Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
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Junqueira TL, Chagas MF, Gouveia VLR, Rezende MCAF, Watanabe MDB, Jesus CDF, Cavalett O, Milanez AY, Bonomi A. Techno-economic analysis and climate change impacts of sugarcane biorefineries considering different time horizons. Biotechnol Biofuels 2017; 10:50. [PMID: 28293288 PMCID: PMC5348788 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0722-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethanol production from lignocellulosic feedstocks (also known as 2nd generation or 2G ethanol process) presents a great potential for reducing both ethanol production costs and climate change impacts since agricultural residues and dedicated energy crops are used as feedstock. This study aimed at the quantification of the economic and environmental impacts considering the current and future scenarios of sugarcane biorefineries taking into account not only the improvements of the industrial process but also of biomass production systems. Technology assumptions and scenarios setup were supported by main companies and stakeholders, involved in the lignocellulosic ethanol production chain from Brazil and abroad. For instance, scenarios considered higher efficiencies and lower residence times for pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation (including pentoses fermentation); higher sugarcane yields; and introduction of energy cane (a high fiber variety of cane). RESULTS Ethanol production costs were estimated for different time horizons. In the short term, 2G ethanol presents higher costs compared to 1st generation (1G) ethanol. However, in the long term, 2G ethanol is more competitive, presenting remarkable lower production cost than 1G ethanol, even considering some uncertainties regarding technology and market aspects. In addition, environmental assessment showed that both 1G (in the medium and long term) and 2G ethanol can reduce climate change impacts by more than 80% when compared to gasoline. CONCLUSIONS This work showed the great potential of 2G ethanol production in terms of economic and environmental aspects. These results can support new research programs and public policies designed to stimulate both production and consumption of 2G ethanol in Brazil, accelerating the path along the learning curve. Some examples of mechanisms include: incentives to the establishment of local equipment and enzyme suppliers; and specific funding programs for the development and use of energy cane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassia L. Junqueira
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Mateus F. Chagas
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-970 Brazil
- Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Vera L. R. Gouveia
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Mylene C. A. F. Rezende
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Marcos D. B. Watanabe
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Charles D. F. Jesus
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Otavio Cavalett
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Artur Y. Milanez
- Departamento de Biocombustíveis, Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES), Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Antonio Bonomi
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-970 Brazil
- Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP Brazil
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