1
|
Schwertner K, Gelles K, Leitner J, Steinberger P, Gundacker C, Vrticka R, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Ellinger I, Geiselhart S. Human intestine and placenta exhibit tissue-specific expression of RAGE isoforms. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18247. [PMID: 37533998 PMCID: PMC10391957 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is encoded by AGER, a gene that is subjected to tissue-specific alternative splicing. Splice variants of RAGE in intestine and placenta are unknown and contradictory data concerning RAGE protein expression in these tissues have been published. As a basis for future functional studies, we examined RAGE expression in small intestine, colon and placentas. PCR cloning revealed that full-length RAGE is the only RAGE transcript isoform expressed in placenta. In the small intestine, the major transcript isoform detected was RAGE_v1 encoding the C-terminally truncated soluble receptor. In the colon, both full-length RAGE as well as several splice variants were identified. Four antibodies were used to study protein expression by immunoblotting and were carefully validated. Appropriate controls were essential to avoid misinterpretation of bands caused by non-specific reactivity of antibodies. Only one of four antibodies tested detected full-length RAGE in placenta, whereas no RAGE-specific band was detected in intestinal tissues despite loading >30-fold more intestinal tissue than the positive control, human lung. RAGE expression levels in the placenta were 100-fold lower compared with human lung when analyzed by ELISA, and no significant differences in RAGE expression were detected between healthy placentas and placentas from women with preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, or fetal growth restriction. We conclude that healthy placental chorionic tissue expresses low levels of full-length RAGE, whereas expression of the tissue-specific intestinal isoforms is below the limit of detection. Low RAGE expression levels in combination with a lack of antibody validation may explain the conflicting published results on RAGE protein expression in intestine and placenta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Schwertner
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Gelles
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith Leitner
- Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Steinberger
- Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Gundacker
- Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ruben Vrticka
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Isabella Ellinger
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Geiselhart
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nadar S, Somasundaram B, Charry M, Billakanti J, Shave E, Baker K, Lua LHL. Design and optimization of membrane chromatography for monoclonal antibody charge variant separation. Biotechnol Prog 2022; 38:e3288. [PMID: 35818846 PMCID: PMC10078440 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The manufacturing scale implementation of membrane chromatography to purify monoclonal antibodies has gradually increased with the shift in industry focus towards flexible manufacturing and disposable technologies. Membrane chromatography are used to remove process-related impurities such as host cell proteins and DNA, leachates and endotoxins, with improved productivity and process flexibility. However, application of membrane chromatography to separate product-related variants such as charge variants has not gained major traction due to low binding capacity. The work reported here demonstrates that a holistic process development strategy to optimize static binding (pH and salt concentration) and dynamic process (membrane loading, flowrate, and gradient length) parameters can alleviate the capacity limitations. The study employed high throughput screening tools and scale-down membranes for intermediate and polishing purification of the model monoclonal antibody. An optimized process consisting of anion exchange and cation exchange membrane chromatography reduced the acidic variants present in Protein A eluate from 89.5 % to 19.2 % with 71 % recovery of the target protein. The membrane chromatography process also cleared host cell protein to below limit of detection with 6 to 30-fold higher membrane loading, compared to earlier reported values. The results confirm that membrane chromatography is effective in separating closely related product variants when supported by a well-defined process development strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Nadar
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Balaji Somasundaram
- Protein Expression Facility, The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marcela Charry
- Protein Expression Facility, The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jagan Billakanti
- Global Life Sciences Solutions Australia Pty Ltd, 32 Phillip St, Parramatta, Sydney, New south wales, Australia
| | - Evan Shave
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Patheon Biologics, Pharma Services Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kym Baker
- Patheon Biologics, Pharma Services Group, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Linda H L Lua
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Protein Expression Facility, The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu Q, Deng X, Zhang B, Zhao C, Huang T, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Gu J. A study of the possible role of Fab-glycosylated IgG in tumor immunity. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:1841-1851. [PMID: 33388997 PMCID: PMC10992005 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02809-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Previously we reported that administration of IgG could inhibit tumor progression in mouse models. At the same time, we also found that some IgGs have glycosylation modifications on their Fab fragments, which may have different biological functions than non-glycosylated IgG. In this study, we employed mouse tumor models to explore the roles of two different forms of IgG, i.e. Fab-glycosylated and Fab-non-glycosylated IgG, in tumor progression. The two types of IgGs were separated with ConA absorption which could react with glycan on the Fab arm but could not access glycan on the Fc fragment. In addition, we performed cytokine array, ELISA, western blotting, immunocytochemistry and other techniques to investigate the possible mechanisms of the actions of Fab-glycosylated IgG in the models. We found that Fab-glycosylated IgG, unlike Fab-non-glycosylated IgG, did not inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in the model. On the contrary, Fab-glycosylated IgG may bind to antigen-bound IgG molecules and macrophages through the glycosidic chain on the Fab fragment to affect antigen-antibody binding and macrophage polarization, which are likely to help tumor cells to evade the immune surveillance. A new mechanism of immune evasion with Fab-glycosylated IgG playing a significant role was proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaodong Deng
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Chongqing Zhifei Biological Products Co., Ltd, Chongqing, 400020, China
| | - Biying Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Chanyuan Zhao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Gu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
- Jinxin Research Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Chengdu Jinjiang Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Chengdu, 610066, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
O'Flaherty R, Trbojević-Akmačić I, Greville G, Rudd PM, Lauc G. The sweet spot for biologics: recent advances in characterization of biotherapeutic glycoproteins. Expert Rev Proteomics 2017; 15:13-29. [PMID: 29130774 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1404907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glycosylation is recognized as a Critical Quality Attribute for therapeutic glycoproteins such as monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins and therapeutic replacement enzymes. Hence, efficient and quantitative glycan analysis techniques have been increasingly important for their discovery, development and quality control. The aim of this review is to highlight relevant and recent advances in analytical technologies for characterization of biotherapeutic glycoproteins. Areas covered: The review gives an overview of the glycosylation trends of biotherapeutics approved in 2016 and 2017 by FDA. It describes current and novel analytical technologies for characterization of therapeutic glycoproteins and is explored in the context of released glycan, glycopeptide or intact glycoprotein analysis. Ultra performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis technologies are explored in this context. Expert commentary: There is a need for the biopharmaceutical industry to incorporate novel state of the art analytical technologies into existing and new therapeutic glycoprotein workflows for safer and more efficient biotherapeutics and for the improvement of future biotherapeutic design. Additionally, at present, there is no 'gold-standard' approach to address all the regulatory requirements and as such this will involve the use of orthogonal glycoanalytical technologies with a view to gain diagnostic information about the therapeutic glycoprotein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Róisín O'Flaherty
- a NIBRT GlycoScience Group , National Institute for Bioprocessing, Research and Training , Blackrock, Co. Dublin , Ireland
| | | | - Gordon Greville
- a NIBRT GlycoScience Group , National Institute for Bioprocessing, Research and Training , Blackrock, Co. Dublin , Ireland
| | - Pauline M Rudd
- a NIBRT GlycoScience Group , National Institute for Bioprocessing, Research and Training , Blackrock, Co. Dublin , Ireland
| | - Gordan Lauc
- b Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory , 10000 , Zagreb , Croatia.,c Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry , University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao Q, Dolikun M, Štambuk J, Wang H, Zhao F, Yiliham N, Wang Y, Trbojević-Akmačić I, Zhang J, Fang H, Sun Y, Peng H, Zhao Z, Liu D, Liu J, Li Q, Sun Q, Wu L, Lauc G, Wang W, Song M. Immunoglobulin GN-Glycans as Potential Postgenomic Biomarkers for Hypertension in the Kazakh Population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 21:380-389. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2017.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Gao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Mamatyusupu Dolikun
- College of the Life Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jerko Štambuk
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Zhao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Nizam Yiliham
- College of the Life Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Youxin Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Honghong Fang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Sun
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongli Peng
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongyao Zhao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Di Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaonan Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Qihuan Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Sun
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Manshu Song
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|