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Sabbagh S, Adatorwovor R, Kirakodu S, Rojas-Ramirez MV, Al-Sabbagh M, Dawson D, Fernandes JG, Miguel MMV, Villasante-Tezanos A, Shaddox L. Periodontal inflammatory and microbial profiles in healthy young African Americans and Caucasians. J Clin Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 38763508 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to compare microbial and inflammatory profiles in periodontally/systemically healthy African American (AA) and Caucasian (C) individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-seven C and 46 AA aged from 5 to 25 years were evaluated regarding periodontal disease, caries, microbial subgingival profile via 16-s sequencing, as well as salivary and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) inflammatory profile via multiplex assay. RESULTS Greater probing depth percentage was detected in AA (p = .0075), while a higher percentage of caries index (p = .0069) and decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index (p = .0089) was observed in C, after adjusting for number of teeth, sex and age. Salivary levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNFα were higher for C, whereas GCF levels of eotaxin, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IL-2 and MIP-1α were higher in AA (p < .05). Different microbial profiles were observed between the races (p = .02). AA presented higher abundance of periodontopathogens (such as Tanerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Filifactor alocis, among others), and C presented more caries-associated bacteria (such as Streptococcus mutans and Prevotella species). Bacillaceae and Lactobacillus species were associated with higher DMFT index, whereas Fusobacterium and Tanerella species with periodontal disease parameters. CONCLUSIONS A different inflammatory and bacterial profile was observed between healthy AA and C, which may predispose these races to higher susceptibility to specific oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Sabbagh
- Department of Oral Health Practice, Periodontology Division, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Reuben Adatorwovor
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Sreenatha Kirakodu
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Marcia V Rojas-Ramirez
- Department of Oral Health Practice, Division of Oral Medicine, Oral Diagnosis, and Oral Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Mohanad Al-Sabbagh
- Department of Oral Health Practice, Periodontology Division, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Dolphus Dawson
- Department of Oral Health Practice, Periodontology Division, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - Manuela Maria Viana Miguel
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Division of Periodontics, Institute of Science and Technology - São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Villasante-Tezanos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Luciana Shaddox
- Department of Oral Health Practice, Periodontology Division, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Silbereisen A, Bao K, Wolski W, Nanni P, Kunz L, Afacan B, Emingil G, Bostanci N. Probing the salivary proteome for prognostic biomarkers in response to non-surgical periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 38660744 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
AIM This prospective study investigated the salivary proteome before and after periodontal therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten systemically healthy, non-smoking, stage III, grade C periodontitis patients underwent non-surgical periodontal treatment. Full-mouth periodontal parameters were measured, and saliva (n = 30) collected pre- (T0), and one (T1) and six (T6) months post-treatment. The proteome was investigated by label-free quantitative proteomics. Protein expression changes were modelled over time, with significant protein regulation considered at false discovery rate <0.05. RESULTS Treatment significantly reduced bleeding scores, percentages of sites with pocket depth ≥5 mm, plaque and gingival indexes. One thousand seven hundred and thirteen proteins were identified and 838 proteins (human = 757, bacterial = 81) quantified (≥2 peptides). At T1, 80 (T1 vs. T0: 60↑:20↓), and at T6, 118 human proteins (T6 vs. T0: 67↑:51↓) were regulated. The salivary proteome at T6 versus T1 remained stable. Highest protein activity post- versus pre-treatment was observed for cellular movement and inflammatory response. The small proline-rich protein 3 (T1 vs. T0: 5.4-fold↑) and lymphocyte-specific protein 1 (T6 vs. T0: 4.6-fold↓) were the top regulated human proteins. Proteins from Neisseria mucosa and Treponema socranskii (T1 vs. T0: 8.0-fold↓, 4.9-fold↓) were down-regulated. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal treatment reduced clinical disease parameters and these changes were reflected in the salivary proteome. This underscores the potential of utilizing saliva biomarkers as prognostic tools for monitoring treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Silbereisen
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kai Bao
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Witold Wolski
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Nanni
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Kunz
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beral Afacan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Gülnur Emingil
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ju HM, Ahn YW, Ok SM, Jeong SH, Na HS, Chung J. Microbial Profiles in Oral Lichen Planus: Comparisons with Healthy Controls and Erosive vs. Non-Erosive Subtypes. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:828. [PMID: 38667474 PMCID: PMC11049134 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14080828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have begun exploring the potential involvement of microbiota in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP), yet comprehensive investigations remain limited. Hence, this study aimed to compare the microbial profiles in saliva samples obtained from patients with OLP against those from healthy controls (HC), along with a comparison between erosive (E) and non-erosive (NE) OLP patients. Saliva samples were collected from 60 OLP patients (E: n = 25, NE: n = 35) and 30 HC individuals. Analysis revealed no significant differences in alpha diversity, as assessed by the Chao1 and Shannon index, across the three groups. However, Bray-Curtis distance analysis indicated a significant disparity in microbiome composition distribution between HC and E-OLP, as well as HC and NE-OLP groups. The six most abundant phyla observed across the groups were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Saccharibacteria (TM7). Notably, OLP groups exhibited a higher prevalence of Bacteroidetes. Prevotella emerged as the predominant genus in the OLP groups, while Capnocytophaga showed a relatively higher prevalence in E-OLP compared to NE-OLP. This study's findings indicate a notable difference in microbiota composition between HC and patients with OLP. Additionally, differences in the microbiome were identified between the E-OLP and NE-OLP groups. The increase in the proportion of certain bacterial species in the oral microbiome suggests that they may exacerbate the inflammatory response and act as antigens for OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Min Ju
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (H.-M.J.); (Y.-W.A.); (S.-M.O.); (S.-H.J.)
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Woo Ahn
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (H.-M.J.); (Y.-W.A.); (S.-M.O.); (S.-H.J.)
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Min Ok
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (H.-M.J.); (Y.-W.A.); (S.-M.O.); (S.-H.J.)
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Jeong
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (H.-M.J.); (Y.-W.A.); (S.-M.O.); (S.-H.J.)
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sam Na
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Dental Research Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Chung
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- Dental Research Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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Brandt E, Keskin M, Räisänen IT, Tervahartiala T, Mäkitie A, Harmankaya İ, Karaçetin D, Hagström J, Rautava J, Sorsa T. Induction of Collagenolytic MMP-8 and -9 Tissue Destruction Cascade in Mouth by Head and Neck Cancer Radiotherapy: A Cohort Study. Biomedicines 2023; 12:27. [PMID: 38275388 PMCID: PMC10813307 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The effect of head and neck cancer (HNC) radiotherapy (RT) on biomarkers is not known but there is a lot of potential for gaining more precise cancer treatments and less side effects. This cohort study investigated the levels and molecular forms of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -8 and -9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin (IL)-6 in mouth-rinse samples as well as the clinical periodontal status in HNC patients (n = 21) receiving RT. Complete periodontal examinations were performed pre-RT and one month after RT. Mouth-rinse samples (pre-RT, after six weeks of RT and one month after RT) were assayed using a point-of-care-kit (PerioSafe®/ORALyzer® (Dentognostics GmbH, Jena, Germany)) for active MMP-8 and ELISA analysis for total MMP-8 and -9, MPO, TIMP-1, and IL-6 levels. Molecular forms of MMP-9 were assessed by gelatinolytic zymography and MMP-8 by western immunoblot. Significant changes were observed between the three time points in the mean levels of active and total MMP-8, active MMP-9, and IL-6. Their levels increased during the RT and decreased after the RT period. The aMMP-8 levels stayed elevated even one month after RT compared to the pre-RT. Clinical attachment loss, probing depths, and bleeding on probing were increased between pre- and post-calculations in periodontal status. Elevated inflammatory biomarker levels together with clinical recordings strongly suggest that RT eventually increases the risk to the periodontal tissue destruction by inducing the active proteolytical MMP-cascade, and especially by prolonged activity of collagenolytic aMMP-8. Eventually, the aMMP-8 point-of-care mouth-rinse test could be an easy, early detection tool for estimating the risk for periodontal damage by the destructive MMP-cascade in HNC patients with RT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Brandt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland (T.S.)
| | - Mutlu Keskin
- Oral and Dental Health Department, Altınbaş University, 34147 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismo T. Räisänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland (T.S.)
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland (T.S.)
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 263, 00029 Helsinki, Finland;
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - İlknur Harmankaya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, 34480 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Didem Karaçetin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, 34480 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oral Pathology and Radiology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana Rautava
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland (T.S.)
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland (T.S.)
- Department of Medicine and Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Antezack A, Etchecopar-Etchart D, La Scola B, Monnet-Corti V. New putative periodontopathogens and periodontal health-associated species: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:893-906. [PMID: 37572051 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the existence of any association between new putative periodontal pathogens and periodontitis. Two independent reviewers conducted electronic literature searches in the MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, DOSS and Google Scholar databases as well as a manual search to identify eligible clinical studies prior to November 2022. Studies comparing the prevalence of microorganisms other than the already-known periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque and/or saliva samples between subjects with periodontitis and subject with periodontal health were included. Meta-analyses were performed on data provided by the included studies. Fifty studies including a total of 2739 periodontitis subjects and 1747 subjects with periodontal health were included. The Archaea domain and 25 bacterial species (Anaeroglobus geminatus, Bacteroidales [G-2] bacterium HMT 274, Desulfobulbus sp. HMT 041, Dialister invisus, Dialister pneumosintes, Eubacterium brachy, Enterococcus faecalis, Eubacterium nodatum, Eubacterium saphenum, Filifactor alocis, Fretibacterium sp. HMT 360, Fretibacterium sp. HMT 362, Mogibacterium timidum, Peptoniphilaceae sp. HMT 113, Peptostreptococcus stomatis, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Slackia exigua, Streptococcus gordonii, Selenomonas sputigena, Treponema amylovorum, Treponema lecithinolyticum, Treponema maltophilum, Treponema medium, Treponema parvum and Treponema socranskii) were found to be statistically significantly associated with periodontitis. Network studies should be conducted to investigate the role of these newly identified periodontitis-associated microorganisms through interspecies interaction and host-microbe crosstalk analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angéline Antezack
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
- AP-HM, Hôpital Timone, Pôle Odontologie, Service de Parodontologie, Marseille, France
- MEPHI, IRD, AP-HM, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Damien Etchecopar-Etchart
- EA 3279: CEREeSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
- Département de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France
- FondaMental Foundation, Creteil, France
| | - Bernard La Scola
- MEPHI, IRD, AP-HM, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Virginie Monnet-Corti
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
- AP-HM, Hôpital Timone, Pôle Odontologie, Service de Parodontologie, Marseille, France
- MEPHI, IRD, AP-HM, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
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Li Y, Zou C, Li J, Wang W, Wang F, Guo Y. Airway Microbiome Composition and Co-Occurrence Network Are Associated with Inflammatory Phenotypes of Asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2023; 184:1254-1263. [PMID: 37690443 PMCID: PMC10733928 DOI: 10.1159/000533315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The composition and co-occurrence network of the airway microbiome might influence the asthma inflammatory phenotype. Airway microbiota change with asthma phenotypes, and the structure of the bacterial community in the airway might differ between different asthma inflammatory phenotypes and may also influence therapy results. Identifying airway microbiota can help to investigate the role that microbiota play in the asthma inflammatory process. METHODS Induced sputum from 55 subjects and 12 healthy subjects from Beijing, China, was collected and analyzed for bacterial microbiota. Microbiome diversity, composition, co-occurrence networks, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were predicted and compared between the study groups. RESULTS Significant differences in the sputum microbiome composition, co-occurrence network, and predicted functional pathways were observed between the two inflammatory phenotypes. Asthmatics in the low FeNO group exhibited lower α-diversity in the sputum microbiota and had higher abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria compared with that of the high FeNO group. The network in the high FeNO group was more "closed" and "connected" compared with that of the low FeNO group, and an alteration in the abundance of keystone species T. socranskii was found. Significantly different predicted metabolic subfunctions including nucleotide metabolism, lipid metabolism, energy metabolism, replication and repair, and drug resistance antimicrobial and carbohydrate metabolism between the two studied phenotypes were also observed. CONCLUSION Our findings confirm that the airway microbiota is associated with the asthma inflammation process. The differences in the airway microbiome composition and co-occurrence network may affect distinct asthma inflammatory phenotypes, suggesting the possibility that more targeted therapies could be applied based on the airway bacterial genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Congying Zou
- Department of Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jieying Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feiran Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Yay E, Yilmaz M, Toygar H, Balci N, Alvarez Rivas C, Bolluk Kilic B, Zirh A, Paster B, Kantarci A. Parkinson's disease alters the composition of subgingival microbiome. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2250650. [PMID: 37649970 PMCID: PMC10464550 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2250650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The current study aimed to test the hypothesis that Parkinson's disease exacerbates periodontitis by altering its microbiome. Materials and Methods Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. Subgingival samples from healthy controls, periodontitis patients (PD), and Parkinson's patients with periodontitis (PA+PD) were analyzed using the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique for targeting 40 bacterial species typically associated with periodontal disease and health. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (V1-V3 regions) was performed to analyze the microbiome comprehensively. Results Parkinson's patients had mild-to-moderate motor dysfunctions. Bleeding on probing was significantly increased in the PA+PD group compared to PD (p < 0.05). With checkerboard analysis, PA was associated with increased Treponema socranskii (p = 0.0062), Peptostreptococcaceae_[G-6] [Eubacterium]_nodatum (p = 0.0439), Parvimona micra (p < 0.0001), Prevotella melaninogenica (p = 0.0002), Lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum (p < 0.0001), and Streptococcus anginosus (p = 0.0020). Streptococcus intermedia (p = 0.0042), P.nodatum (p = 0.0022), P. micra (p = 0.0002), Treponema denticola (p = 0.0045), L.saburreum (p = 0.0267), P.melaninogenica (p = 0.0017), Campylobacter rectus (p = 0.0020), and T.socranskii (p = 0.0002) were higher; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (p = 0.0072) was lower in deep pockets in the PA+PD compared to PD. Schaalia odontolytica (p = 0.0351) and A.actinomycetemcomitans (p = 0.002) were lower; C.rectus (p = 0.0002), P. micra (p = 0065), Streptococcus constellatus (p = 0.0151), T.denticola (p = 0.0141), P.melaninogenica (p = 0.0057), and T.socranskii (p = 0.0316) were higher in shallow pockets in the PA+PD. Diversity decreased in PD (p = 0.001) and PA+PD (p = 0.026) compared to control, with minimal differences in alpha and beta diversities among PD and PA+PD based on NGS results. Conclusion These data demonstrated that Parkinson's disease modifies PD-associated subgingival microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekin Yay
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melis Yilmaz
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hilal Toygar
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nur Balci
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Carla Alvarez Rivas
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Infection, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Basak Bolluk Kilic
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Zirh
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bruce Paster
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Infection, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alpdogan Kantarci
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Infection, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Mäkinen AI, Pappalardo VY, Buijs MJ, Brandt BW, Mäkitie AA, Meurman JH, Zaura E. Salivary microbiome profiles of oral cancer patients analyzed before and after treatment. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:171. [PMID: 37542310 PMCID: PMC10403937 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01613-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treating oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) introduces new ecological environments in the oral cavity. This is expected to cause changes in the oral microbiome. The purpose of this study was to gain new information on the salivary microbiome of OSCC patients in order to improve the aftercare of OSCC patients. The aims of this study were to investigate possible changes in the salivary microbiome profiles of OSCC patients before and after cancer treatment and to compare these changes with the profiles of healthy controls. PATIENTS AND METHODS Paraffin-stimulated whole saliva samples were collected, and the salivary flow rate was measured from 99 OSCC patients prior to surgical resection of the tumor and other adjuvant therapy. After treatment, 28 OSCC patients were re-examined with a mean follow-up time of 48 months. In addition, 101 healthy controls were examined and sampled. After DNA extraction and purification, the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. The merged read pairs were denoised using UNOISE3, mapped to zero-radius operational taxonomic units (zOTUs), and the representative zOTU sequences were assigned a taxonomy using HOMD. Descriptive statistics were used to study the differences in the microbial profiles of OSCC patients before and after treatment and in comparison to healthy controls. RESULTS At baseline, the OSCC patients showed a higher relative abundance of zOTUs classified as Streptococcus anginosus, Abiotrophia defectiva, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. The microbial profiles differed significantly between OSCC patients and healthy controls (F = 5.9, p < 0.001). Alpha diversity of the salivary microbiome of OSCC patients was decreased at the follow-up, and the microbial profiles differed significantly from the pre-treatment (p < 0.001) and from that of healthy controls (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS OSCC patients' salivary microbiome profile had a higher abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria compared to healthy controls. Treatment of the OSCC caused a significant decrease in alpha diversity and increase in variability of the salivary microbiome, which was still evident after several years of follow-up. OSCC patients may benefit from preventive measures, such as the use of pre- or probiotics, salivary substitutes, or dietary counseling. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna I. Mäkinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 63, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vincent Y. Pappalardo
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark J. Buijs
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bernd W. Brandt
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Antti A. Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jukka H. Meurman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 63, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Egija Zaura
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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9
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Khelaifia S, Virginie P, Belkacemi S, Tassery H, Terrer E, Aboudharam G. Culturing the Human Oral Microbiota, Updating Methodologies and Cultivation Techniques. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040836. [PMID: 37110259 PMCID: PMC10143722 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent years have been marked by a paradigm shift in the study of the human microbiota, with a re-emergence of culture-dependent approaches. Numerous studies have been devoted to the human microbiota, while studies on the oral microbiota still remain limited. Indeed, various techniques described in the literature may enable an exhaustive study of the microbial composition of a complex ecosystem. In this article, we report different methodologies and culture media described in the literature that can be applied to study the oral microbiota by culture. We report on specific methodologies for targeted culture and specific culture techniques and selection methodologies for cultivating members of the three kingdoms of life commonly found in the human oral cavity, namely, eukaryota, bacteria and archaea. This bibliographic review aims to bring together the various techniques described in the literature, enabling a comprehensive study of the oral microbiota in order to demonstrate its involvement in oral health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Khelaifia
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, MEPHI, AP-HM, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
- Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
| | - Pilliol Virginie
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, MEPHI, AP-HM, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
- Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
| | - Souad Belkacemi
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, MEPHI, AP-HM, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
| | - Herve Tassery
- Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
| | - Elodie Terrer
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, MEPHI, AP-HM, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
- Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
| | - Gérard Aboudharam
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, MEPHI, AP-HM, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
- Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France
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10
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Metagenomic Research of Infectious Diseases in Archaeological Contexts: Evidence from the Hospital Real de Todos-os-Santos (Portugal). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12126096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Syphilis is one of the most exciting diseases explored in paleopathology and, therefore, tracing back its origin and development has provided a prolific debate. The combination of paleopathological data with historical sources, iconography, and archaeological contexts were the primary sources used to reconstruct its historical path. However, there are some limitations to paleopathological diagnosis due to the nature of bone reaction to stimuli. In addition, historical sources are subjected to a bias of social and cultural nature and the knowledge of those who wrote them. Hence, ancient DNA analysis offers the possibility of acquiring proof of cause by identifying pathogens in an organism. We undertook a metagenomic study of a skeleton exhumed from the Royal Hospital of All Saints (Portugal), renowned for treating syphilis from the 16th century onwards. The skeleton had previously been diagnosed with syphilis according to paleopathological analysis. However, the metagenomics analysis showed no presence of the pathogen associated with syphilis (i.e., Treponema pallidum) but revealed pathogenic microorganisms related to respiratory diseases (pneumonia), nonspecific bone infections (osteomyelitis), and oral bacterial pathologies as well as Hansen’s disease (also known as leprosy). The results are exciting and demand a reappraisal of the observed bone changes, recontextualizing their characterization as syphilis related. They prove that past reconstruction of health and disease diagnoses based on assessing human osteological remains of known context (such as a syphilitic hospital) may bias interpretations and, therefore, caution is recommended, not forgetting that the absence of evidence is not evidence of absence (in this case of syphilis) in life.
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11
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Yang Y, Wang Y, Cao X, Jin Y, Xu Y, Li SC, Zhou Q. Periodontal and Peri-Implant Microbiome Dysbiosis Is Associated With Alterations in the Microbial Community Structure and Local Stability. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:785191. [PMID: 35145492 PMCID: PMC8821947 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.785191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis and peri-implantitis are common biofilm-mediated infectious diseases affecting teeth and dental implants and have been considered to be initiated with microbial dysbiosis. To further understand the essence of oral microbiome dysbiosis in terms of bacterial interactions, community structure, and microbial stability, we analyzed 64 plaque samples from 34 participants with teeth or implants under different health conditions using metagenomic sequencing. After taxonomical annotation, we computed the inter-species correlations, analyzed the bacterial community structure, and calculated the microbial stability in supra- and subgingival plaques from hosts with different health conditions. The results showed that when inflammation arose, the subgingival communities became less connective and competitive with fewer hub species. In contrast, the supragingival communities tended to be more connective and competitive with an increased number of hub species. Besides, periodontitis and peri-implantitis were associated with significantly increased microbial stability in subgingival microbiome. These findings indicated that the periodontal and peri-implant dysbiosis is associated with aberrant alterations in the bacterial correlations, community structures, and local stability. The highly connected hub species, as well as the major contributing species of negative correlations, should also be given more concern in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yinhu Li
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuguang Yang
- Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of General Dentistry and Emergency Room, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Cheng Li
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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12
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Wu DD, Ngowi EE, Zhai YK, Wang YZ, Khan NH, Kombo AF, Khattak S, Li T, Ji XY. Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Oral Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1886277. [PMID: 35116090 PMCID: PMC8807043 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1886277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oral diseases are among the most common human diseases yet less studied. These diseases affect both the physical, mental, and social health of the patients resulting in poor quality of life. They affect all ages, although severe stages are mostly observed in older individuals. Poor oral hygiene, genetics, and environmental factors contribute enormously to the development and progression of these diseases. Although there are available treatment options for these diseases, the recurrence of the diseases hinders their efficiency. Oral volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are highly produced in oral cavity as a result of bacteria activities. Together with bacteria components such as lipopolysaccharides, VSCs participate in the progression of oral diseases by regulating cellular activities and interfering with the immune response. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous neurotransmitter primarily produced endogenously and is involved in the regulation of cellular activities. The gas is also among the VSCs produced by oral bacteria. In numerous diseases, H2S have been reported to have dual effects depending on the cell, concentration, and donor used. In oral diseases, high production and subsequent utilization of this gas have been reported. Also, this high production is associated with the progression of oral diseases. In this review, we will discuss the production of H2S in oral cavity, its interaction with cellular activities, and most importantly its role in oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Wu
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Ebenezeri Erasto Ngowi
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Dar es Salaam University College of Education, Dar es Salaam 2329, Tanzania
| | - Yuan-Kun Zhai
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yi-Zhen Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Nazeer Hussain Khan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Ahmad Fadhil Kombo
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Saadullah Khattak
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Tao Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infection and Biological Safety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infection and Biological Safety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
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13
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Jiang Y, Song B, Brandt BW, Cheng L, Zhou X, Exterkate RAM, Crielaard W, Deng DM. Comparison of Red-Complex Bacteria Between Saliva and Subgingival Plaque of Periodontitis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:727732. [PMID: 34692561 PMCID: PMC8531218 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.727732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of periodontitis is associated with an imbalanced subgingival microbial community enriched with species such as the traditionally classified red-complex bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola). Saliva has been suggested as an alternative to subgingival plaque for the microbial analysis due to its easy and non-invasive collection. This systematic review aims to determine whether the levels of red-complex bacteria assessed using saliva reflect those in subgingival plaque from periodontitis patients. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to April 30, 2021. Studies were considered eligible if microbial data of at least one of the red-complex species were reported in both saliva and subgingival plaque from periodontitis patients, based on DNA-based methods. Of the 17 included studies, 4 studies used 16S rRNA gene sequencing techniques, and the rest used PCR-based approaches. The detection frequency of each red-complex species in periodontitis patients was reported to be > 60% in most studies, irrespective of samples types. Meta-analyses revealed that both detection frequencies and relative abundances of red-complex bacteria in saliva were significantly lower than those in subgingival plaque. Moreover, the relative abundances of all 3 bacterial species in saliva showed significantly positive correlation with those in subgingival plaque. In conclusion, current evidence suggests that one-time saliva sampling cannot replace subgingival plaque for microbial analysis of the red-complex bacteria in periodontitis patients. Given the positive microbial associations between saliva and subgingival plaque, a thorough review of longitudinal clinical studies is needed to further assess the role of saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bingqing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bernd W Brandt
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rob A M Exterkate
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wim Crielaard
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dong Mei Deng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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14
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Shiba T, Komatsu K, Sudo T, Sawafuji R, Saso A, Ueda S, Watanabe T, Nemoto T, Kano C, Nagai T, Ohsugi Y, Katagiri S, Takeuchi Y, Kobayashi H, Iwata T. Comparison of Periodontal Bacteria of Edo and Modern Periods Using Novel Diagnostic Approach for Periodontitis With Micro-CT. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:723821. [PMID: 34616690 PMCID: PMC8488429 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.723821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Ancient dental calculus, formed from dental plaque, is a rich source of ancient DNA and can provide information regarding the food and oral microbiology at that time. Genomic analysis of dental calculus from Neanderthals has revealed the difference in bacterial composition of oral microbiome between Neanderthals and modern humans. There are few reports investigating whether the pathogenic bacteria of periodontitis, a polymicrobial disease induced in response to the accumulation of dental plaque, were different between ancient and modern humans. This study aimed to compare the bacterial composition of the oral microbiome in ancient and modern human samples and to investigate whether lifestyle differences depending on the era have altered the bacterial composition of the oral microbiome and the causative bacteria of periodontitis. Additionally, we introduce a novel diagnostic approach for periodontitis in ancient skeletons using micro-computed tomography. Ancient 16S rDNA sequences were obtained from 12 samples at the Unko-in site (18th-19th century) of the Edo era (1603–1867), a characteristic period in Japan when immigrants were not accepted. Furthermore, modern 16S rDNA data from 53 samples were obtained from a database to compare the modern and ancient microbiome. The microbial co-occurrence network was analyzed based on 16S rDNA read abundance. Eubacterium species, Mollicutes species, and Treponema socranskii were the core species in the Edo co-occurrence network. The co-occurrence relationship between Actinomyces oricola and Eggerthella lenta appeared to have played a key role in causing periodontitis in the Edo era. However, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. vincentii, and Prevotella pleuritidis were the core and highly abundant species in the co-occurrence network of modern samples. These results suggest the possibility of differences in the pathogens causing periodontitis during different eras in history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiko Shiba
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Komatsu
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeaki Sudo
- Institute of Education, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rikai Sawafuji
- Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Aiko Saso
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shintaroh Ueda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayasu Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Nemoto
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kano
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiko Nagai
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yujin Ohsugi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Katagiri
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Takeuchi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kobayashi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Granehäll L, Huang KD, Tett A, Manghi P, Paladin A, O’Sullivan N, Rota-Stabelli O, Segata N, Zink A, Maixner F. Metagenomic analysis of ancient dental calculus reveals unexplored diversity of oral archaeal Methanobrevibacter. MICROBIOME 2021; 9:197. [PMID: 34593021 PMCID: PMC8485483 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental calculus (mineralised dental plaque) preserves many types of microfossils and biomolecules, including microbial and host DNA, and ancient calculus are thus an important source of information regarding our ancestral human oral microbiome. In this study, we taxonomically characterised the dental calculus microbiome from 20 ancient human skeletal remains originating from Trentino-South Tyrol, Italy, dating from the Neolithic (6000-3500 BCE) to the Early Middle Ages (400-1000 CE). RESULTS We found a high abundance of the archaeal genus Methanobrevibacter in the calculus. However, only a fraction of the sequences showed high similarity to Methanobrevibacter oralis, the only described Methanobrevibacter species in the human oral microbiome so far. To further investigate the diversity of this genus, we used de novo metagenome assembly to reconstruct 11 Methanobrevibacter genomes from the ancient calculus samples. Besides the presence of M. oralis in one of the samples, our phylogenetic analysis revealed two hitherto uncharacterised and unnamed oral Methanobrevibacter species that are prevalent in ancient calculus samples sampled from a broad range of geographical locations and time periods. CONCLUSIONS We have shown the potential of using de novo metagenomic assembly on ancient samples to explore microbial diversity and evolution. Our study suggests that there has been a possible shift in the human oral microbiome member Methanobrevibacter over the last millennia. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Granehäll
- Institute for Mummy Studies, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Biology II, Anthropology and Human Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kun D. Huang
- CIBIO Department, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Adrian Tett
- CIBIO Department, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
- CUBE - Division of Computational Systems Biology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paolo Manghi
- CIBIO Department, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Alice Paladin
- Institute for Mummy Studies, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Niall O’Sullivan
- Institute for Mummy Studies, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Omar Rota-Stabelli
- Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Nicola Segata
- CIBIO Department, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Albert Zink
- Institute for Mummy Studies, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Frank Maixner
- Institute for Mummy Studies, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
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16
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Shigeishi H, Nakamura M, Oka I, Su CY, Yano K, Ishikawa M, Kaneyasu Y, Sugiyama M, Ohta K. The Associations of Periodontopathic Bacteria and Oral Candida with Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area in Older Adults Receiving Supportive Periodontal Therapy. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11081397. [PMID: 34441331 PMCID: PMC8392537 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) has been proposed for assessment of the total periodontal inflammatory status in people with periodontitis. This study was performed to investigate the associations of periodontopathic bacteria and candida with PISA in older people. We enrolled 100 patients aged ≥ 60 years who visited Hiroshima University Hospital. PISA and periodontal epithelial surface area (PESA) were calculated in each patient. Oral rinse samples were collected for DNA extraction. Periodontopathic bacteria and candida were detected by polymerase chain reaction. The mean values of PISA and PESA were significantly greater in T.forsythia-positive patients than in T.forsythia-negative patients. T.forsythia/C. albicans double-positive patients exhibited significantly greater PISA values than did non-double-positive patients. Additionally, PISA values were significantly greater in T. forsythia//T. denticola/C. albicans triple-positive patients than in T. forsythia//T. denticola/C. albicans non-triple-positive patients (p = 0.02). Propensity score-matching was performed between periodontopathic bacteria-positive and -negative patients using propensity scores generated from clinical factors. Importantly, T.forsythia/T. denticola double-positive patients exhibited significantly greater PISA values than non-double-positive patients among 72 propensity score-matched patients. Our preliminary results highlight the importance of the presence of T.forsythia and T. denticola for periodontal inflammation severity in older Japanese people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Shigeishi
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (M.N.); (I.O.); (K.Y.); (M.I.); (Y.K.); (M.S.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-82-257-5945
| | - Mariko Nakamura
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (M.N.); (I.O.); (K.Y.); (M.I.); (Y.K.); (M.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Iori Oka
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (M.N.); (I.O.); (K.Y.); (M.I.); (Y.K.); (M.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Cheng-Yih Su
- Department of Oral Health Management, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
| | - Kanako Yano
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (M.N.); (I.O.); (K.Y.); (M.I.); (Y.K.); (M.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Momoko Ishikawa
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (M.N.); (I.O.); (K.Y.); (M.I.); (Y.K.); (M.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Yoshino Kaneyasu
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (M.N.); (I.O.); (K.Y.); (M.I.); (Y.K.); (M.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Masaru Sugiyama
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (M.N.); (I.O.); (K.Y.); (M.I.); (Y.K.); (M.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Kouji Ohta
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (M.N.); (I.O.); (K.Y.); (M.I.); (Y.K.); (M.S.); (K.O.)
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17
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Malone ET, Ganther S, Mena N, Radaic A, Shariati K, Kindberg A, Tafolla C, Kamarajan P, Fenno JC, Zhan L, Kapila YL. Treponema denticola-Induced RASA4 Upregulation Mediates Cytoskeletal Dysfunction and MMP-2 Activity in Periodontal Fibroblasts. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:671968. [PMID: 34094999 PMCID: PMC8171266 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.671968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The periodontal complex consists of the periodontal ligament (PDL), alveolar bone, and cementum, which work together to turn mechanical load into biological responses that are responsible for maintaining a homeostatic environment. However oral microbes, under conditions of dysbiosis, may challenge the actin dynamic properties of the PDL in the context of periodontal disease. To study this process, we examined host-microbial interactions in the context of the periodontium via molecular and functional cell assays and showed that human PDL cell interactions with Treponema denticola induce actin depolymerization through a novel actin reorganization signaling mechanism. This actin reorganization mechanism and loss of cell adhesion is a pathological response characterized by an initial upregulation of RASA4 mRNA expression resulting in an increase in matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity. This mechanism is specific to the T. denticola effector protein, dentilisin, thereby uncovering a novel effect for Treponema denticola-mediated RASA4 transcriptional activation and actin depolymerization in primary human PDL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Trent Malone
- Kapila Laboratory, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry San Francisco, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sean Ganther
- Kapila Laboratory, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry San Francisco, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Nevina Mena
- Kapila Laboratory, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry San Francisco, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Allan Radaic
- Kapila Laboratory, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry San Francisco, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Keemia Shariati
- Kapila Laboratory, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry San Francisco, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Abigail Kindberg
- Bush Laboratory, Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Biomedical Sciences Graduate, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Christian Tafolla
- Kapila Laboratory, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry San Francisco, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- Kapila Laboratory, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry San Francisco, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - J. Christopher Fenno
- Fenno Laboratory, Department of Biological and Material Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ling Zhan
- Zhan Laboratory, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry San Francisco, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Yvonne L. Kapila
- Kapila Laboratory, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry San Francisco, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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18
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Almeida-Santos A, Martins-Mendes D, Gayà-Vidal M, Pérez-Pardal L, Beja-Pereira A. Characterization of the Oral Microbiome of Medicated Type-2 Diabetes Patients. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:610370. [PMID: 33613481 PMCID: PMC7892904 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.610370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that is becoming a significant global health care problem. Several studies have shown that people with diabetes are more susceptible to oral problems, such as periodontitis and, although the causes are still inconclusive, oral microbiota is considered to play a major role in oral health. This study aimed to characterize the oral microbiome of a sample representing T2DM patients from Portugal and exploit potential associations between some microorganisms and variables like teeth brushing, smoking habits, average blood sugar levels, medication and nutrient intake. By sequencing the hypervariable regions V3-V4 of the 16S rRNA gene in 50 individuals belonging to a group of diabetes patients and a control group, we found a total of 232 taxa, from which only 65% were shared between both groups. No differences were found in terms of alpha and beta diversity between categories. We did not find significant differences in the oral microbiome profiles of control and diabetes patients. Only the class Synergistia and the genus TG5, which are related to periodontitis, were statistically more frequent in the control group. The similar microbiome profiles of medicated diabetics and the control group indicates that the relationship between the T2DM and the oral microbiome might be more related to either the lifestyle/diet rather than diabetes per se. Moreover, this study provides, for the first time, insights into the oral microbiome of a population with a high prevalence of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Almeida-Santos
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO-UP), InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Planning (DGAOT), Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Martins-Mendes
- Internal Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.,Diabetic Foot Clinic, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.,Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Magdalena Gayà-Vidal
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO-UP), InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lucía Pérez-Pardal
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO-UP), InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Albano Beja-Pereira
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO-UP), InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Planning (DGAOT), Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Sciences, Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre (GreenUPorto), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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19
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Yadav AR, Deshmukh J, Devarathnamma MV, Kardal A, Bhagchandani M, Srivastava R. An assessment of anti-citrullinated protein antibody in systemically healthy individuals with or without chronic periodontitis: A case-control study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2021; 24:525-529. [PMID: 33424168 PMCID: PMC7781259 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_141_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Periodontitis has been implicated as a risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Aim: This study aimed to assess the relationship between RA and chronic periodontitis (CP) by evaluating the serum levels of the anti citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) which is a marker of RA in systemically healthy individuals with and without CP. Materials and Methods: This case–control study enrolled 40 systemically healthy individuals. Participants were divided into two groups, i.e., CP group Systemically healthy chronic periodontitis (CPSH) (n = 20) and control group Systemically healthy (SH) (n = 20), matched for age and gender. The CP patients were evaluated for periodontal parameters, namely probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, percentage of the site involved with attachment loss, and number of teeth present. A volume of 5 ml of venous blood was collected from both the groups and centrifuged; the separated serum was stored at − 70°C before being analyzed. Later, serum samples were tested for levels of ACPA in both the groups and compared. Results: The mean serum ACPA levels were higher in CPSH patients compared to SH (131.38 RU/ml vs. 34.54 RU/ml, P = 0.001), which was statistically highly significant. In addition, we found a significant elevation of serum ACPA levels in severe generalized CP patients compared to moderate generalized CP patients (175.47 RU/ml vs. 95.31 RU/ml, P = 0.001), and the difference was statistically highly significant. Conclusion: The results of the study confirmed that CP can be a risk factor for RA. Moreover, the severity of periodontitis appeared to be related to elevated serum levels of ACPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Rajaram Yadav
- Department of Periodontics, Navodaya Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
| | - Jeevanand Deshmukh
- Department of Periodontics, Navodaya Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Asif Kardal
- Department of Periodontics, Navodaya Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
| | - Mitali Bhagchandani
- Department of Periodontics, Navodaya Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
| | - Ratika Srivastava
- Department of Periodontics, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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20
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Phillips L, Chu L, Kolodrubetz D. Multiple enzymes can make hydrogen sulfide from cysteine in Treponema denticola. Anaerobe 2020; 64:102231. [PMID: 32603680 PMCID: PMC7484134 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Treponema denticola is a spirochete that is involved in causing periodontal diseases. This bacterium can produce H2S from thiol compounds found in the gingival crevicular fluid. Determining how H2S is made by oral bacteria is important since this molecule is present at high levels in periodontally-diseased pockets and the biological effects of H2S can explain some of the pathologies seen in periodontitis. Thus, it is of interest to identify the enzyme, or enzymes, involved in the synthesis of H2S by T. denticola. We, and others, have previously identified and characterized a T. denticola cystalysin, called HlyA, which hydrolyzes cysteine into H2S (and pyruvate and ammonia). However, there have been no studies to show that HlyA is, or is not, the only pathway that T. denticola can use to make H2S. To address this question, allelic replacement mutagenesis was used to make a deletion mutant (ΔhlyA) in the gene encoding HlyA. The mutant produces the same amount of H2S from cysteine as do wild type spirochetes, indicating that T. denticola has at least one other enzyme that can generate H2S from cysteine. To identify candidates for this other enzyme, a BLASTp search of T. denticola strain 33520 was done. There was one gene that encoded an HlyA homolog so we named it HlyB. Recombinant His-tagged HlyB was expressed in E. coli and partially purified. This enzyme was able to make H2S from cysteine in vitro. To test the role of HlyB in vivo, an HlyB deletion mutant (ΔhlyB) was constructed in T. denticola. This mutant still made normal levels of H2S from cysteine, but a strain mutated in both hly genes (ΔhlyA ΔhlyB) synthesizes significantly less H2S from cysteine. We conclude that the HlyA and HlyB enzymes perform redundant functions in vivo and are the major contributors to H2S production in T. denticola. However, at least one other enzyme can still convert cysteine to H2S in the ΔhlyA ΔhlyB mutant. An in silico analysis that identifies candidate genes for this other enzyme is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Lianrui Chu
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - David Kolodrubetz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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21
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Montenegro SCL, Retamal-Valdes B, Bueno-Silva B, Duarte PM, Faveri M, Figueiredo LC, Feres M. Do patients with aggressive and chronic periodontitis exhibit specific differences in the subgingival microbial composition? A systematic review. J Periodontol 2020; 91:1503-1520. [PMID: 32233092 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions grouped the diseases previously recognized as chronic (CP) or aggressive (AgP) periodontitis under a single category named periodontitis. The rationale for this decision was the lack of specific patterns of immune-inflammatory response or microbial profiles associated with CP or AgP. However, no previous studies have compiled the results of all studies comparing subgingival microbial data between these clinical conditions. Thus, this systematic review aimed to answer the following focused question: "Do patients with AgP periodontitis present differences in the subgingival microbiota when compared with patients with CP?" METHODS A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched up to June 2019 for studies of any design (except case reports, case series, and reviews) comparing subgingival microbial data from patients with CP and AgP. RESULTS A total of 488 articles were identified and 56 were included. Thirteen studies found Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans elevated in AgP in comparison with CP, while Fusobacterium nucleatum, Parvimonas micra, and Campylobacter rectus were elevated in AgP in a few studies. None of these species were elevated in CP. However, the number of studies not showing statistically significant differences between CP and AgP was always higher than that of studies showing differences. CONCLUSION These results suggested an association of A. actinomycetemcomitans with AgP, but neither this species nor the other species studied to date were unique to or could differentiate between CP and AgP (PROSPERO #CRD42016039385).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Belen Retamal-Valdes
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Poliana Mendes Duarte
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil.,Department of Periodontology, School of Advanced Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marcelo Faveri
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Magda Feres
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
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22
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Chu L, Wu Y, Xu X, Phillips L, Kolodrubetz D. Glutathione catabolism by Treponema denticola impacts its pathogenic potential. Anaerobe 2020; 62:102170. [PMID: 32044394 PMCID: PMC7153967 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Treponema denticola is a spirochete that is etiologic for periodontal diseases. This bacterium is one of two periodontal pathogens that have been shown to have a complete three step enzymatic pathway (GTSP) that catabolizes glutathione to H2S. This pathway may contribute to the tissue pathology seen in periodontitis since diseased periodontal pockets have lower glutathione levels than healthy sites with a concomitant increase in H2S concentration. In order to be able to demonstrate that glutathione catabolism by the GTSP is critical for the pathogenic potential of T. denticola, allelic replacement mutagenesis was used to make a deletion mutant (Δggt) in the gene encoding the first enzyme in the GTSP. The mutant cannot produce H2S from glutathione since it lacks gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity. The hemolytic and hemoxidation activities of wild type T. denticola plus glutathione are reduced to background levels with the Δggt mutant and the mutant has lost the ability to grow aerobically when incubated with glutathione. The Δggt bacteria with glutathione cause less cell death in human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) in vitro than do wild type T. denticola and the levels of hGF death correlate with the amounts of H2S produced. Importantly, the mutant spirochetes plus glutathione make significantly smaller lesions than wild type bacteria plus glutathione in a mouse back lesion model that assesses soft tissue destruction, a major symptom of periodontal diseases. Our results are the first to prove that T. denticola thiol-compound catabolism by its gamma-glutamyltransferase can play a significant role in the in the types of host tissue damage seen in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianrui Chu
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yimin Wu
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Linda Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - David Kolodrubetz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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23
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Fatima F, Taha Mahmood H, Fida M, Hoshang Sukhia R. Effectiveness of antimicrobial gels on gingivitis during fixed orthodontic treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Orthod 2020; 18:10-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Pathogen profile and MMP-3 levels in areas with varied attachment loss in generalized aggressive and chronic periodontitis. Cent Eur J Immunol 2020; 44:440-446. [PMID: 32140057 PMCID: PMC7050060 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2019.92806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The progression of periodontitis depends on the changes in bone and connective tissue homeostasis and the imbalance of the biofilm and the host immunoinflammatory response, particularly matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). Aim of the study To assess the probable relation between subgingival anaerobic flora and the expression of MMP-3 in patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (AgP), chronic periodontitis (CP) and healthy subjects, and to evaluate these levels according to varied tissue loss severity. Material and methods The plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment levels (CAL) were evaluated. MMP levels obtained from gingival sulcus fluid (GCF) were measured with Enzyme Linked Immuno Assay (ELISA). The bacterial counts were determined with Parocheck®. Results Higher levels of MMP-3 in patients with AgP compared to subjects with CP and healthy individuals were observed. The microorganisms responsible of possible tissue destruction in both AgP and CP are red complex bacteria. T. denticola, T. forsythia, P. intermedia and F. nucleatum show positive correlation with MMP-3 levels. Conclusions MMP-3 is a biomarker associated with AgP, and red complex bacteria levels are correlated with increasing periodontal tissue loss in both periodontitis forms. The diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis, or site-specific treatment strategies can be orchestrated based on the evaluation of MMP-3 and the bacterial counts in patients with periodontitis.
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25
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Cai X, Li Z, Zhao Y, Katz J, Michalek SM, Feng X, Li Y, Zhang P. Enhanced dual function of osteoclast precursors following calvarial Porphyromonas gingivalis infection. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:410-425. [PMID: 31944305 PMCID: PMC7250733 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective Excessive osteoclast activity is a major characteristic of pathogenic bone loss in inflammatory bone diseases including periodontitis. However, beyond the knowledge that osteoclasts are differentiated from the monocyte/macrophage lineage and share common ancestry with macrophages and DC, the nature and function of osteoclast precursors are not completely understood. Furthermore, little is known about how osteoclast precursors respond to bacterial infection in vivo. We have previously demonstrated in vitro that the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) plays a biphasic role on the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)–induced osteoclast differentiation. In this study, we investigated the in vivo effect of Pg infection on the regulation of osteoclast precursors, using a mouse calvarial infection model. Methods and results C57BL/6 wild‐type and the myeloid differentiation factor 88 knockout (MyD88−/−) mice were infected with Pg by calvarial injection. Local and systemic bone loss, and the number and function of CD11b+c‐fms+ cells from bone marrow and spleen were analyzed. Our results show that Pg infection induces localized inflammatory infiltration and osteoclastogenesis, as well as increased number and osteoclastogenic potential of CD11b+c‐fms+ osteoclast precursors in the bone marrow and periphery. We also show that CD11b+c‐fms+RANK+ and CD11b+c‐fms+RANK− are precursors with similar osteoclastogenic and pro‐inflammatory potentials. In addition, CD11b+c‐fms+ cells exhibit an antigen‐specific T‐cell immune‐suppressive activity, which are increased with Pg infection. Moreover, we demonstrate that MyD88 is involved in the regulation of osteoclast precursors upon Pg infection. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrate an enhanced dual function of osteoclast precursors following calvarial Pg infection. Based on our findings, we propose the following model: Pg infection increases a pool of precursor cells that can be shunted toward osteoclast formation at the infection/inflammation sites, while at the same time dampening host immune responses, which is beneficial for the persistence of infection and maintenance of the characteristic chronic nature of periodontitis. Understanding the nature, function, and regulation of osteoclast precursors will be helpful for identifying therapeutic interventions to aid in the control and prevention of inflammatory bone loss diseases including periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Cai
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Periodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaofei Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jenny Katz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Suzanne M Michalek
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yuhong Li
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Ribeiro MHB, Ribeiro PC, Retamal-Valdes B, Feres M, Canabarro A. Microbial profile of symptomatic pericoronitis lesions: a cross-sectional study. J Appl Oral Sci 2019; 28:e20190266. [PMID: 31800877 PMCID: PMC6886397 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2019-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The microbial composition of pericoronitis (Pc) is still controversial; it is not yet clear if the microbial profile of these lesions is similar to the profile observed in periodontitis (Pd). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to describe the microbial profile of Pc lesions and compare it directly with that of subjects with Pd. METHODOLOGY Subjects with Pc and Pd were selected, and subgingival biofilm samples were collected from (i) third molars with symptomatic Pc (Pc-T), (ii) contralateral third molars without Pc (Pc-C) and (iii) teeth with a probing depth >3 mm from subjects with Pd. Counts and proportions of 40 bacterial species were evaluated using a checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique. RESULTS Twenty-six patients with Pc and 18 with Pd were included in the study. In general, higher levels of microorganisms were observed in Pd. Only Actinomyces oris and Eubacterium nodatum were present in higher mean counts in the Pc-T group in comparison with the Pc-C and Pd-C groups (p<0.05). The microbiota associated with Pc-T was similar to that found in Pc-C. Sites with Pc lesions had lower proportions of red complex in comparison with the Pd sites. CONCLUSION The microbiota of Pc is very diverse, but these lesions harbour lower levels of periodontal pathogens than Pd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulo Cesar Ribeiro
- Universidade Iguaçu, Curso de Odontologia, Departamento de Cirurgia Oral, Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Belén Retamal-Valdes
- Universidade Guarulhos, Divisão de Pesquisa Odontológica, Departamento de Periodontia, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Magda Feres
- Universidade Guarulhos, Divisão de Pesquisa Odontológica, Departamento de Periodontia, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Antonio Canabarro
- Universidade Iguaçu, Curso de Odontologia, Departamento de Cirurgia Oral, Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.,Universidade Veiga de Almeida, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.,Universidade Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Procedimentos Clínicos Integrados, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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27
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Bletsa A, Abdalla H, Løes S, Berggreen E. Lymphatic growth factors are expressed in human gingiva and upregulated in gingival fibroblasts after stimulation. J Periodontol 2019. [PMID: 29520843 DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lymphatic growth factors vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and -D are important for maintenance and growth of lymphatic vessels (lymphangiogenesis), but their localization in human gingiva is unknown. This study investigated the expression of VEGF-C and -D in human gingiva and isolated human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). In addition, the localization of their main receptor VEGFR-3 was explored. METHODS Non-inflamed gingiva from six donors was used for immunohistochemistry or isolation of HGFs. HGFs were stimulated with either E.coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or IL-6/soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) complex for 1, 6, and 24 hours. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to quantify the relative changes in gene expression of VEGF-A, -C, and -D and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantification of protein levels. RESULTS VEGF-C, -D and VEGFR-3 were seen in keratinocytes, blood vessels and in scattered single cells in gingiva. VEGFR-3 was also found in lymphatic vessels and VEGF-C in cells with fibroblastic appearance. Gene analysis showed no expression of VEGF-D in the HGFs, but showed constitutive expression of VEGF-C and -A. Stimulation of HGFs with LPS or IL-6/sIL-6R complex was followed by gene upregulation of VEGF-C and -A and increased protein levels in cell culture supernatant (P ≤0.05). CONCLUSIONS The localization of VEGF-C, -D, and VEGFR-3 expression imply that signaling via VEGFR-3 is linked to vascular homeostasis and keratinocyte function under normal conditions in gingiva. Inflammatory stimulation of HGFs upregulates VEGF-C and -A expression and may contribute to angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Bletsa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway.,Oral Health Center of Expertise, Western Norway, Hordaland County, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Sigbjørn Løes
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway.,Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ellen Berggreen
- Oral Health Center of Expertise, Western Norway, Hordaland County, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
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Wang Y, Kang W, Shang L, Song A, Ge S. N-WASP knockdown upregulates inflammatory cytokines expression in human gingival fibroblasts. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 110:104605. [PMID: 31751919 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The neuronal wiskott-aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) is a member of the wiskott-aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family. N-WASP plays a vital role in promoting cell migration, receptor signaling and immune inflammatory responses. This study aimed to observe the changes in the expression of inflammatory factors and involving pathways after N-WASP knockdown in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). DESIGN Gingival inflammatory condition of N-WASP knockout mice was evaluated by H&E staining. N-WASP in HGFs was knockdown by siRNA and the best knockdown efficiency was determined by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. The mRNA levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) were evaluated by qRT-PCR after N-WASP knockdown with or without mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitors. The protein levels of IL-6, IL-8 and CCL2 were assessed by ELISA. Western blotting was used to detect the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. RESULTS Gingival tissue from N-WASP knockout mice exhibited an inflammatory reaction. The expression of IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, SOD2 and PTGS2 was significantly upregulated after N-WASP knockdown in HGFs for 6, 24 and 48 h, except for the SOD2 at 6 h. N-WASP knockdown significantly activated the signaling pathways of NF-κB and MAPK. The inhibitors of p65, p38, ERK and JNK clearly decreased IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, SOD2 and PTGS2 expression after N-WASP knockdown. CONCLUSION These data indicated that N-WASP deficiency in HGFs increases the production of inflammatory cytokine and is regulated via NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Wang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenyan Kang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lingling Shang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Aimei Song
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Fusobacterium nucleatum Facilitates Apoptosis, ROS Generation, and Inflammatory Cytokine Production by Activating AKT/MAPK and NF- κB Signaling Pathways in Human Gingival Fibroblasts. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1681972. [PMID: 31737164 PMCID: PMC6815639 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1681972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) plays key roles in the initiation and progression of periodontitis. However, the pathogenic effect of F. nucleatum on human oral tissues and cells has not been fully evaluated. In this study, we aimed to analyze the pathogenic effects of F. nucleatum on human gingival fibroblasts (GFs) and clarify the potential mechanisms. RNA-sequencing analysis confirmed that F. nucleatum significantly altered the gene expression of GF as the stimulation time increased. Cell counting and EdU-labeling assays indicated that F. nucleatum inhibited GF proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, cell apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and proinflammatory cytokine production were dramatically elevated after F. nucleatum stimulation. Furthermore, we found that the AKT/MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways were significantly activated by F. nucleatum infection and that a large number of genes related to cellular proliferation, apoptosis, ROS, and inflammatory cytokine production downstream of AKT/MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways were significantly altered in F. nucleatum-stimulated GFs. These findings suggest that F. nucleatum inhibits GF proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis, ROS generation, and inflammatory cytokine production partly by activating the AKT/MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Our study opens a new window for understanding the pathogenic effects of periodontal pathogens on the host oral system.
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Identification of Periopathogenes from Dental Plaque in Periodontal Patients with PCR Technique and Their Association with Composite Interleukin-1 Genotype. Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2019; 40:89-97. [PMID: 31605582 DOI: 10.2478/prilozi-2019-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study aimed to assess the presence of main types of microorganisms involved in the aetiopathogenesis of chronic periodontitis with PCR technique and determinates the presence of composite IL-1 genotype and their associations with founded bacteria. MATERIAL AND METHOD The examined group was consisted from 20 subjects with diagnosed chronic periodontitis and 20 healthy control without periodontitis. Clinical parameters like gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment lost (CAL) were determinates. Subgingival dental plaque was collected using a sterilized paper point. We used Parodontose Plus test, reverse hybridization kit, for the detection of periodontal marker bacteria, as well as for the detection of composite Interleukin -1 Genotype Results: The most present bacterial species detected from subgingival dental plaque was Treponema denticola and Porfiromonas gingivalis which was present in 65% of examined patients. In relation to the presence of positive genotype in patients, there was no significant difference between the test and control group for p> 0.05 (p = 1.00). For χ2=8,17 (p=0,06, p<0,05) there is an association between Prevotella intermedia, and composite genotype. Between positive genotype and analyzed bacterial species A. actinomycetem comitans for p> 0.05 (p = 1.00), P. gingivalis for p> 0.05 (p = 0.16), T. Forsythia for p> 0.05 (p = 0.20), T. Denticola for p> 0.05 (p = 0.64) no association was found. CONCLUSION This investigations confirmed the strong association of these five examined periopathogenes with periodontitis.
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Ma L, Hu J, Cao Y, Xie Y, Wang H, Fan Z, Zhang C, Wang J, Wu CT, Wang S. Maintained Properties of Aged Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Superior Periodontal Tissue Regeneration. Aging Dis 2019; 10:793-806. [PMID: 31440385 PMCID: PMC6675537 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to excellent therapeutic potential, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are gaining increasing popularity with researchers worldwide for applications in tissue engineering, and in treatment of inflammation-related and age-related disorders. However, the senescence of MSCs over passaging has limited their clinical application owing to adverse effect on physiological function maintenance of tissues as well as disease treatment. An inflammatory microenvironment is one of the key contributors to MSC senescence, resulting in low regeneration efficiency. Therefore, MSCs with high resistance to cellular senescence would be a benefit for tissue regeneration. Toward this end, we analyzed the senescence properties of different types of stem cells during culture and under inflammation, including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Overall, the DPSCs had higher proliferation rates, lower cellular senescence, and enhanced osteogenesis maintenance compared to those of non-dental MSCs cultured from passage three to six. The expression profiles of genes related to apoptosis, cell cycle, and cellular protein metabolic process (contributing to the cell self-renewal ability and metabolic processes) significantly differed between DPSCs and BMMSCs at passage three. Moreover, DPSCs were superior to BMMSCs with regards to resistance to lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis and senescence, with enhanced osteogenesis in vitro, and showed improved periodontal regeneration after injection in a miniature pig periodontitis model in vivo. Overall, the present study indicates that DPSCs show superior resistance to subculture and inflammation-induced senescence and would be suitable stem cells for tissue engineering with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsha Ma
- 1Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University, School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingchao Hu
- 1Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University, School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- 1Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University, School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yilin Xie
- 1Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University, School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Wang
- 2Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- 1Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University, School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- 1Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University, School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- 1Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University, School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chu-Tse Wu
- 2Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- 1Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University, School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Quantitative analysis of key periodontopathic bacteria in gestational diabetic and non-diabetic women. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 18:363-369. [PMID: 31890661 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00420-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study is to compare the periodontal status and quantify Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Prevotella intermedia (Pi) from plaque samples of both gestational diabetic mellitus (GDM) and non diabetic pregnant women. Materials and methods Sixty first time pregnant women were selected after adjusting for age, duration of pregnancy and educational status. They were then categorized into gestational diabetic women (GDM) (Group A) and healthy pregnant women (non GDM) (Group B). Periodontal examination was done by assessing gingival index, periodontal disease index and probing depth. Microbial analysis on sub-gingival plaque was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Statistical analysis was done by student t test, chi square test and Fischer exact test. Results Group A showed higher gingival index, probing depth and periodontal disease index scores than group B at p < 0.001. Pg was detected in 80% of group A and 40% of group B. Amongst these; it was measured over 2.0 × 104 in 33% of group A, while in the group B it never scored more than 1.0 × 104. While Pi were also detected in 73% of group A women and 40% Group B women but quantification showed Pi > 2.0 × 104 in more number of group A women. Conclusion This study showed that there is significant association between the severity of periodontal disease and increased levels of Pg and Pi in gestational diabetic women.
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Composition Analysis and Feature Selection of the Oral Microbiota Associated with Periodontal Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3130607. [PMID: 30581850 PMCID: PMC6276491 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3130607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease involving complex interactions between oral microorganisms and the host immune response. Understanding the structure of the microbiota community associated with periodontitis is essential for improving classifications and diagnoses of various types of periodontal diseases and will facilitate clinical decision-making. In this study, we used a 16S rRNA metagenomics approach to investigate and compare the compositions of the microbiota communities from 76 subgingival plagues samples, including 26 from healthy individuals and 50 from patients with periodontitis. Furthermore, we propose a novel feature selection algorithm for selecting features with more information from many variables with a combination of these features and machine learning methods were used to construct prediction models for predicting the health status of patients with periodontal disease. We identified a total of 12 phyla, 124 genera, and 355 species and observed differences between health- and periodontitis-associated bacterial communities at all phylogenetic levels. We discovered that the genera Porphyromonas, Treponema, Tannerella, Filifactor, and Aggregatibacter were more abundant in patients with periodontal disease, whereas Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Capnocytophaga, Gemella, Campylobacter, and Granulicatella were found at higher levels in healthy controls. Using our feature selection algorithm, random forests performed better in terms of predictive power than other methods and consumed the least amount of computational time.
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Shahi S, Zununi Vahed S, Fathi N, Sharifi S. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods: Promising molecular tools in dentistry. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:983-992. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kang W, Shang L, Wang T, Liu H, Ge S. Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632 downregulates LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 production via blocking p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways in human gingival fibroblasts. J Periodontol 2018; 89:883-893. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Kang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration; School of Stomatology, Shandong University; Shandong Jinan China
- Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Shandong University; Shandong Jinan China
| | - Lingling Shang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration; School of Stomatology, Shandong University; Shandong Jinan China
- Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Shandong University; Shandong Jinan China
| | - Ting Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration; School of Stomatology, Shandong University; Shandong Jinan China
- Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Shandong University; Shandong Jinan China
| | - Hongrui Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration; School of Stomatology, Shandong University; Shandong Jinan China
- Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Shandong University; Shandong Jinan China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration; School of Stomatology, Shandong University; Shandong Jinan China
- Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Shandong University; Shandong Jinan China
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Lu H, He L, Zhao Y, Meng H. The effect of supragingival glycine air polishing on periodontitis during maintenance therapy: a randomized controlled trial. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4371. [PMID: 29456893 PMCID: PMC5813589 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glycine air polishing has been proved to be safe, comfortable and time-saving. Whether it could substitute ultrasonic scaling to remove dental plaque biofilm during periodontal maintenance remains unclear. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effect of supragingival glycine air polishing (SGAP) on the subgingival periodontal pathogens during maintenance therapy and to check the association of periodontal pathogens and clinical parameters. Methods Twenty-three chronic periodontitis patients during their maintenance therapy were enrolled in the 12-week study. According to randomized split-mouth design, the test side was treated with SGAP (65 μm), while the control side was treated with supragingival ultrasonic scaling and polishing (SUSP) with rubber cup. Clinical examination including plaque index (PLI), probing depth (PD), bleeding index (BI) were performed at baseline and 12 weeks post-treatment. Sampling of the subgingival plaque at each investigational site (mesiobuccal site of the mandibular first molar) was performed at baseline and 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks after maintenance treatment. Four periodontal pathogens including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola and Fusobacterium nucleatum were detected by 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction. Results Clinical status generally improved after treatment in both groups. PLI in both groups, PD in SGAP group and bleeding on probing (%) in SUSP group significantly decreased after treatment (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference of clinical parameters between two groups before and after treatment. The detection rates of P. gingivalis, T. denticola in both groups, T. forsythia in SUSP group and F. nucleatum in SGAP group decreased after maintenance treatment in both groups, although no significant difference was found, and it rebound to baseline level at 12 weeks after maintenance treatment. There was no significant difference between SGAP group and SUSP group at any time point. T. denticola-positive sites had significantly greater BI than T. denticola-negative sites (p < 0.05). Discussion Supragingival glycine air polishing had a reliable effect in removing subgingival dental plaque biofilm during maintenance period, and three months may be a proper maintenance interval for pockets not more than 5 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Lu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yibing Zhao
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxin Meng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Bagavad Gita J, Aishwarya A, Pavithra N, Chandrasekaran S, Ann V. George, Gnanamani A. A molecular technique to explore the relationship between Porphyromonas gingivalis and severity of chronic periodontitis: A clinical approach. Anaerobe 2018; 49:1-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Okamoto-Shibayama K, Sekino J, Yoshikawa K, Saito A, Ishihara K. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of oral Treponema species. Anaerobe 2017; 48:242-248. [PMID: 29030100 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Treponemes occur in the microflora of the dental plaque. Certain Treponema species that are frequently isolated from chronic periodontitis lesions are involved in its initiation and progression. In addition to mechanical instrumentation, antimicrobial agents are used as an adjunctive treatment modality for periodontitis. Despite its importance for successful antimicrobial treatment, information about susceptibility is limited for Treponema species. The aim of this study was to assess the susceptibility of Treponema denticola strains, Treponema socranskii, and Treponema vincentii to eleven antimicrobial agents. The minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of these antimicrobial agents revealed strain-specific variation. Doxycycline, minocycline, azithromycin, and erythromycin were effective against all Treponema species tested in this study, whereas fluoroquinolones only exhibited an equivalent effectiveness on T. socranskii. The susceptibility of one T. denticola strain, T. socranskii, and T. vincentii to kanamycin was influenced by prior exposure to aerobic conditions. The susceptibility to quinolone drugs varied among strains of T. denticola, although they share an amino acid sequence identity of greater than 99% for DNA gyrase (type II topoisomerase) subunit A. In addition, an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter inhibitor assay for T. denticola indicated that the transport of quinolone drugs is partially related to this transporter, although there may be parallel transport mechanisms. Our results provide important insights into antimicrobial agent-Treponema dynamics and establish a basis for developing an appropriate adjunctive therapy for periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Okamoto-Shibayama
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Jin Sekino
- Tokyo Metropolitan Center for Oral Health of Persons with Disabilities, Central Plaza 8F·9F, Kaguragashi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0823, Japan; Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Kouki Yoshikawa
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Atsushi Saito
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan; Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Ishihara
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan; Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan.
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Rafiei M, Kiani F, Sayehmiri F, Sayehmiri K, Sheikhi A, Zamanian Azodi M. Study of Porphyromonas gingivalis in periodontal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2017; 31:62. [PMID: 29445691 PMCID: PMC5804457 DOI: 10.18869/mjiri.31.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The mouth cavity hosts various types of anaerobic bacteria including Porphyromonas gingivalis, which causes periodontal
inflammatory diseases. P. gingivalis is a gram-negative oral anaerobe and is considered as a main etiological factor in periodontal
diseases. Several studies have reported a relationship between P. gingivalis in individuals with periodontal diseases and a critical role of
this bacterium in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. The present study aimed at estimating this probability using a meta-analysis.
Methods: We searched several databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science to identify case-control
studies addressing the relationship between P. gingivalis with periodontal diseases. A total of 49 reports published from different countries
from 1993 to 2014 were included in this study. I² (heterogeneity index) statistics were calculated to examine heterogeneity. Data
were analyzed using STATA Version 11.
Results: After a detailed analysis of the selected articles, 49 case-control studies with 5924 individuals fulfilled the inclusion criteria
for the meta-analysis. The healthy controls included 2600 healthy individuals with a Mean±SD age of 36.56±7.45 years. The periodontal
diseases group included 3356 patients with a mean age of 43.62±8.35 years. There was a statistically significant difference between P. gingivalis in periodontal patients and healthy controls; 9.24 (95% CI: 5.78 to 14.77; P = 0.000). In the other word, there was a significant
relationship between the presence of P. gingivalis and periodontal diseases.
Conclusion: Analyzing the results of the present study, we found a strong association between the presence of P. gingivalis and periodontal diseases. This result suggests that another research is needed to further assess this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafiei
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Faezeh Kiani
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sayehmiri
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kourosh Sayehmiri
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Abdolkarim Sheikhi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Mona Zamanian Azodi
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Compromised inflammatory cytokine response to P. gingivalis LPS by fibroblasts from inflamed human gingiva. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:919-927. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2171-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kang W, Wang T, Hu Z, Liu F, Sun Y, Ge S. Metformin Inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide-Influenced Inflammatory Response in Human Gingival Fibroblasts via Regulating Activating Transcription Factor-3 Expression. J Periodontol 2017; 88:e169-e178. [PMID: 28548885 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2017.170168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic periodontitis, one of the most prevalent oral diseases, is associated with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infection and has profound effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2DM). Metformin, a well-known antidiabetic agent, has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects on various cells. This study aims to investigate the role of metformin on LPS-influenced inflammatory response in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). METHODS Dose-dependent additive effects of metformin on LPS-influenced HGFs were detected. Cell-counting assay was used to determine effects of metformin and LPS on viability of HGFs. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were applied to detect levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in differently treated cells. Activating transcription factor-3 (ATF3) small interfering (si)RNA transfection was used to determine the mechanism of metformin action, and the transfection efficiency was observed by fluorescence microscope. Effects of ATF3 knockdown were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS Results showed that 5 μg/mL Pg LPS and 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mM metformin exhibited no toxicity to HGFs, and metformin inhibited LPS-influenced IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α production in a dose-dependent manner. Metformin and LPS could synergistically facilitate ATF3 expression, and ATF3 knockdown abolished inhibitory effects of metformin on LPS-influenced inflammatory cytokine production in HGFs. CONCLUSION The present study confirms that metformin suppresses LPS-enhanced IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α production in HGFs via increasing ATF3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Kang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan, China.,Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University
| | - Ting Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan, China.,Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University
| | - Zhekai Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Shandong University
| | - Yundong Sun
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shandong University
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan, China.,Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University
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Borsanelli AC, Ramos TNM, Gaetti-Jardim E, Schweitzer CM, Dutra IS. Treponema
species in the subgingival microflora of ovine periodontitis. Vet Rec 2017; 180:150. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.103946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. C. Borsanelli
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences of Jaboticabal; UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista; Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal SP 14884-900 Brazil
| | - T. N. M. Ramos
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba; UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista; Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, Araçatuba, SP 16050-680 Brazil
| | - E. Gaetti-Jardim
- Department of Pathology and Oral Diagnostics; School of Dentistry, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista; Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015-050 Brazil
| | - C. M. Schweitzer
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering of Ilha Solteira; UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista; Av. Brasil 56, Ilha Solteira, SP 15385-000 Brazil
| | - I. S. Dutra
- Department of Support, Production and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba; UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista; Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, Araçatuba, SP 16050-680 Brazil
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Healthy and Inflamed Gingival Fibroblasts Differ in Their Inflammatory Response to Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide. Inflammation 2016; 39:1842-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0421-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Liu F, Zhou ZF, An Y, Yu Y, Wu RX, Yin Y, Xue Y, Chen FM. Effects of cathepsin K on Emdogain-induced hard tissue formation by human periodontal ligament stem cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:2922-2934. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Department of Oral Medicine; Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital; Xi'an China
| | - Zhi-Fei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Paediatric Dentistry; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Ying An
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Rui-Xin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Yuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Yang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Fa-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
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Abstract
For decades, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been considered the most likely etiologic agent in aggressive periodontitis. Implementation of DNA-based microbiologic methodologies has considerably improved our understanding of the composition of subgingival biofilms, and advanced open-ended molecular techniques even allow for genome mapping of the whole bacterial spectrum in a sample and characterization of both the cultivable and not-yet-cultivable microbiota associated with periodontal health and disease. Currently, A. actinomycetemcomitans is regarded as a minor component of the resident oral microbiota and as an opportunistic pathogen in some individuals. Its specific JP2 clone, however, shows properties of a true exogenous pathogen and has an important role in the development of aggressive periodontitis in certain populations. Still, limited data exist on the impact of other microbes specifically in aggressive periodontitis. Despite a wide heterogeneity of bacteria, especially in subgingival samples collected from patients, bacteria of the red complex in particular, and those of the orange complex, are considered as potential pathogens in generalized aggressive periodontitis. These types of bacterial findings closely resemble those found for chronic periodontitis, representing a mixed polymicrobial infection without a clear association with any specific microorganism. In aggressive periodontitis, the role of novel and not-yet-cultivable bacteria has not yet been elucidated. There are geographic and ethnic differences in the carriage of periodontitis-associated microorganisms, and they need to be taken into account when comparing study reports on periodontal microbiology in different study populations. In the present review, we provide an overview on the colonization of potential periodontal pathogens in childhood and adolescence, and on specific microorganisms that have been suspected for their role in the initiation and progression of aggressive forms of periodontal disease.
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Yáñez-Vico RM, Iglesias-Linares A, Ballesta-Mudarra S, Ortiz-Ariza E, Solano-Reina E, Perea EJ. Short-term effect of removal of fixed orthodontic appliances on gingival health and subgingival microbiota: a prospective cohort study. Acta Odontol Scand 2015; 73:496-502. [PMID: 25631494 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2014.993701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to assess and compare the microbiological and clinical parameters of patients wearing a fixed orthodontic appliance, as opposed to 10 days after the bracket had been removed following treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 122 patients participated in this study; 61 of the subjects were assessed at baseline (wearing a fixed orthodontic appliance: T1) and 10 days after bracket removal (T2). The other 61 individuals had never worn an orthodontic appliance before and these subjects served as controls (CT). Subgingival plaque samples were assessed for bleeding on probing (GBI) and plaque index (VPI). PCR of 16s rDNA, followed by reverse species-specific hybridization for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola were performed. A descriptive analysis was conducted; chi-squared, Student's matched and unmatched t-tests, the point biserial correlation coefficient and the McNemar test were used to test for differences between groups (p < 0.05). RESULTS The GBI and VPI clinical parameters showed statistical differences (p < 0.05) between T1-T2, T1-CT and T2-CT. The prevalence of T. denticola had significantly decreased (p = 0.039) 10 days after appliance removal. At T2, a significant positive correlation was found between GBI and A. actinomycetemcomitans (p < 0.01) and between clinical parameters and P. intermedia. In patients without a fixed orthodontic appliance (T2 and CT), there was a significant positive correlation between T. forsythia and VPI. CONCLUSION Local factors associated with the wearing of a fixed orthodontic appliance influence changes in subgingival plaque that leads to more inflammation and bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa-María Yáñez-Vico
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Seville , Seville , Spain
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De Filippis F, Vannini L, La Storia A, Laghi L, Piombino P, Stellato G, Serrazanetti DI, Gozzi G, Turroni S, Ferrocino I, Lazzi C, Di Cagno R, Gobbetti M, Ercolini D. The same microbiota and a potentially discriminant metabolome in the saliva of omnivore, ovo-lacto-vegetarian and Vegan individuals. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112373. [PMID: 25372853 PMCID: PMC4221475 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The salivary microbiota has been linked to both oral and non-oral diseases. Scant knowledge is available on the effect of environmental factors such as long-term dietary choices on the salivary microbiota and metabolome. This study analyzed the microbial diversity and metabolomic profiles of the saliva of 161 healthy individuals who followed an omnivore or ovo-lacto-vegetarian or vegan diet. A large core microbiota was identified, including 12 bacterial genera, found in >98% of the individuals. The subjects could be stratified into three “salivary types” that differed on the basis of the relative abundance of the core genera Prevotella, Streptococcus/Gemella and Fusobacterium/Neisseria. Statistical analysis indicated no effect of dietary habit on the salivary microbiota. Phylogenetic beta-diversity analysis consistently showed no differences between omnivore, ovo-lacto-vegetarian and vegan individuals. Metabolomic profiling of saliva using 1H-NMR and GC-MS/SPME identified diet-related biomarkers that enabled a significant discrimination between the 3 groups of individuals on the basis of their diet. Formate, urea, uridine and 5-methyl-3-hexanone could discriminate samples from omnivores, whereas 1-propanol, hexanoic acid and proline were characteristic of non-omnivore diets. Although the salivary metabolome can be discriminating for diet, the microbiota has a remarkable inter-individual stability and did not vary with dietary habits. Microbial homeostasis might be perturbed with sub-standard oral hygiene or other environmental factors, but there is no current indication that a choice of an omnivore, ovo-lacto-vegetarian or vegan diet can lead to a specific composition of the oral microbiota with consequences on the oral homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca De Filippis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Microbiology, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Lucia Vannini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Inter-Departmental Centre for Industrial Agri-Food Research, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Antonietta La Storia
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Microbiology, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Luca Laghi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Inter-Departmental Centre for Industrial Agri-Food Research, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Paola Piombino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Microbiology, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Stellato
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Microbiology, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Diana I. Serrazanetti
- Inter-Departmental Centre for Industrial Agri-Food Research, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Giorgia Gozzi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilario Ferrocino
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Camilla Lazzi
- Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Cagno
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Gobbetti
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Danilo Ercolini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Microbiology, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Deep sequencing analysis reveals temporal microbiota changes associated with development of bovine digital dermatitis. Infect Immun 2014; 82:3359-73. [PMID: 24866801 DOI: 10.1128/iai.02077-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine digital dermatitis (DD) is a leading cause of lameness in dairy cattle throughout the world. Despite 35 years of research, the definitive etiologic agent associated with the disease process is still unknown. Previous studies have demonstrated that multiple bacterial species are associated with lesions, with spirochetes being the most reliably identified organism. This study details the deep sequencing-based metagenomic evaluation of 48 staged DD biopsy specimens collected during a 3-year longitudinal study of disease progression. Over 175 million sequences were evaluated by utilizing both shotgun and 16S metagenomic techniques. Based on the shotgun sequencing results, there was no evidence of a fungal or DNA viral etiology. The bacterial microbiota of biopsy specimens progresses through a systematic series of changes that correlate with the novel morphological lesion scoring system developed as part of this project. This scoring system was validated, as the microbiota of each stage was statistically significantly different from those of other stages (P < 0.001). The microbiota of control biopsy specimens were the most diverse and became less diverse as lesions developed. Although Treponema spp. predominated in the advanced lesions, they were in relatively low abundance in the newly described early lesions that are associated with the initiation of the disease process. The consortium of Treponema spp. identified at the onset of disease changes considerably as the lesions progress through the morphological stages identified. The results of this study support the hypothesis that DD is a polybacterial disease process and provide unique insights into the temporal changes in bacterial populations throughout lesion development.
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Santamaria M, Petermann KD, Vedovello SAS, Degan V, Lucato A, Franzini CM. Antimicrobial effect of Melaleuca alternifolia dental gel in orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2014; 145:198-202. [PMID: 24485734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect and sensorial analysis of the gel developed with the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia. Thirty-four volunteers, divided into 2 groups, were monitored for 4 weeks. Initially, clinical biofilm (plaque index) and saliva samples (bacteria count) were collected, from which the standard values for each patient were obtained. For 7 days, group 1 used the melaleuca gel (Petite Marie/All Chemistry, São Paulo, Brazil), and group 2 used Colgate Total (S.B. Campo, São Paulo, Brazil). After 7 days, the plaque index was performed again, as well as the bacteria count and the sensorial analysis (appearance, color, odor, brightness, viscosity, and first taste sensation). The volunteers were instructed to return to their usual dental hygiene habits for 15 days. After this, group 1 started using Colgate Total, and group 2 started using the melaleuca gel, with the same evaluation procedures as the first week. The data were analyzed statistically with a significance level of 5%. In the bacteria count and clinical disclosure, the melaleuca gel was more effective in decreasing the dental biofilm and the numbers of bacteria colonies. According to the data from the sensory evaluation, Colgate Total (the control) showed better results regarding flavor and first sensation (P <0.05). We concluded that melaleuca gel is efficient in bacteria control but needs improvement in taste and first sensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Santamaria
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Araras, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Klodyne Dayana Petermann
- Postgraduate student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Araras, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Viviane Degan
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Araras, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Lucato
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Araras, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Maria Franzini
- Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics Technology, University of Araras, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
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Coinfection of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Actinomyces israelii in mastoiditis diagnosed by next-generation DNA sequencing. J Clin Microbiol 2014; 52:1789-92. [PMID: 24574281 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.03133-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Some bacterial infections involve potentially complex mixtures of species that can now be distinguished using next-generation DNA sequencing. We present a case of mastoiditis where Gram stain, culture, and molecular diagnosis were nondiagnostic or discrepant. Next-generation sequencing implicated coinfection of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Actinomyces israelii, resolving these diagnostic discrepancies.
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