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Arduino PG, Gambino A, Macciotta A, El Haddad G, Conrotto D, Carbone M, Carrozzo M, Broccoletti R. Population-based cohort study to assess the gingival lesions in 1319 patients with lichen planus. Oral Dis 2023; 29:3393-3399. [PMID: 36208128 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic immune disease. In this paper, we evaluated the overall characters, clinical presentation, and outcome of gingival lesions in OLP Italian patients. METHODS AND RESULTS A retrospective cohort study was accomplished: a total of 1319 charts were investigated, of whom 922 were female (69.9%): 617 patients (46.8%) manifested white lesions and 702 red ones (53.2%). While most patients had several oral sites of involvement, the gingiva was the unique location in 103 cases. Symptoms were reported in 480 patients (36.4%): 286 patients with erosive OLP, 103 with atrophic form, and 91 with a white form. Long-lasting surveillance showed that only 40 patients (3.03%) had a total clinical signs remission. Regarding OLP medical treatment provided, patients attending less frequently a dental office underwent more often a specific therapy. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the biggest collections of patients with gingival OLP ever described; exclusive gingival lesions are, however, rare and unlikely to undergo a malignant transformation. Moreover, gum lesions seemed to anticipate the appearance of oral lesions and a higher rate of OLP therapy was observed in patients with less frequent dental check-ups and oral hygiene instructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo G Arduino
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral Medicine Section, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessio Gambino
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral Medicine Section, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Macciotta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia El Haddad
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral Medicine Section, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Conrotto
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral Medicine Section, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Carbone
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral Medicine Section, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Carrozzo
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Roberto Broccoletti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral Medicine Section, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Mahon-Smith A, Clifford M, Batish A, Sharp R, Panter C, Naujoks C, Schruf E, Compagno N, Moreno SG. Patient Experience of Lichen Planus: A Qualitative Exploration of Signs, Symptoms, and Health-Related Quality of Life Impacts. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2023; 13:2001-2017. [PMID: 37505393 PMCID: PMC10442305 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-023-00968-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lichen planus (LP) is an inflammatory skin disorder that can present in various forms across the body, including lesions on the skin (cutaneous LP [CLP]), scalp (lichen planopilaris [LPP]), and mucosal regions (mucosal LP [MLP]). Qualitative exploration of the patient experience of LP, notably symptoms and impacts on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), is limited. A scarcity of research was also identified relating to emotional wellbeing impacts of CLP patients. Two qualitative studies were conducted with LP patients to address these gaps. METHODS Study 1 consisted of exit interviews conducted with a subset of adult patients with MLP (n = 5), CLP (n = 4), and LPP (n = 4) enrolled in an LP clinical study in the United States (US) to explore the patient experience. Study 2 consisted of independent qualitative interviews conducted with adult CLP patients (n = 13) from the US and Germany to further explore impacts on emotional wellbeing. RESULTS Exit interviews found that itch , pain, and skin lesions were most frequently reported as signs/symptoms of LP. Itch and skin lesions were experienced across all LP subtypes, while pain was only reported by CLP and MLP patients. These signs/symptoms impacted HRQoL including emotional wellbeing (frustration, embarrassment), daily activities (oral hygiene, clothing options), social functioning (intimacy, social activities), and physical functioning (chewing/swallowing, opening/moving mouth). Impacts on activities of daily living (ADL) and physical functioning were mostly experienced by MLP patients. Independent qualitative interviews, which further explored impacts of CLP on patients' emotional wellbeing, identified frustration, worry, sadness, embarrassment, and depression as the most frequently experienced. CONCLUSION The findings contribute to the literature by providing qualitative insights into signs/symptoms and HRQoL impacts of LP, from the adult patient perspective. The findings also highlight the importance of considering assessment of HRQoL impacts in future clinical LP research, particularly impacts on emotional wellbeing when selecting instruments for assessment of HRQoL in the CLP population. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04300296.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Mahon-Smith
- Patient-Centered Outcomes, Adelphi Values Ltd, Bollington, Cheshire, UK.
| | - Molly Clifford
- Patient-Centered Outcomes, Adelphi Values Ltd, Bollington, Cheshire, UK
| | - Anjali Batish
- Patient-Centered Outcomes, Adelphi Values Ltd, Bollington, Cheshire, UK
| | - Rosie Sharp
- Patient-Centered Outcomes, Adelphi Values Ltd, Bollington, Cheshire, UK
| | - Charlotte Panter
- Patient-Centered Outcomes, Adelphi Values Ltd, Bollington, Cheshire, UK
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Keller LM, Lombardi T. Gingival lichen planus: A clinical and pathological study. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2023; 124:101354. [PMID: 36513276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease affecting the oral mucosa. It is most likely to occur in adults, particularly in women. The most commonly affected areas are the buccal mucosa, tongue and gingiva, either alone or in combination. The aim of this study was to analyse the clinicopathological characteristics of gingival lichen planus in a series of patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2019. MATERIALS AND METHOD Files of 190 patients with histopathologically confirmed gingival lichen planus were retrieved from the archives of the Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology of the Geneva University Hospitals. We analysed the demographic characteristics of the patients, the location, clinical presentation and histopathological characteristics of the lesions, and the presence of symptoms. RESULTS The majority of the patients were women (74.2%). The age ranged between 12 and 88 years of age, with a mean of 58.6 years. 79 cases (41.6%) of gingival lichen planus were confined to the gingiva. In the remaining cases, the gingival lesions were associated with other localisations, mostly the buccal mucosa and the tongue, as well as other intraoral and extra-oral sites. 38.7% of the patients presented mixed form of OLP, 27.8% keratotic form and 22.4% erythematous/erosive form. The mixed and the erythematous/erosive forms were the most symptomatic lesions. The majority of gingival lichen planus were active atrophic. A total of seven malignant transformation were found (3.7% of the cases). CONCLUSION Gingival lichen planus is a chronic disease that can have many different clinical and histological presentations. Long-term regular follow-up of gingival lichen planus is recommended to detect signs of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Mahé Keller
- Oral Medicine and Oral Maxillofacial Pathology Unit, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva & University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Tommaso Lombardi
- Oral Medicine and Oral Maxillofacial Pathology Unit, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva & University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Vijayan AK, Muthukrishnan A, Nair AM, Baby JJ. Demographics, Clinicopathological Profile of Oral Lichen Planus of South Kerala Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e29688. [PMID: 36321043 PMCID: PMC9615481 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucocutaneous inflammatory lesion of unknown cause. The buccal mucosa is the most frequently affected anatomic site and the lesion is bilateral. The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 250 OLP patients in South Kerala. This was done by figuring out these patients’ epidemiological and clinical characteristics. Materials and methods: In the present study, patients who reported between September 2018 and December 2021 were selected employing the diagnostic criteria consistent with the WHO classification of OLP. Data of all the patient’s characteristic features were collected and evaluated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software for statistical analysis. Results: Out of 250 patients, 52% were females and 48% were males. Reticular (n = 145, 58%) and erosive forms (n = 105, 42%) were the two clinical presentations of the lesions that were most consistently observed. The age group of 25-34 years reported the highest number of cases (n = 71, 28.4%). According to the chi-square test, there were statistically highly significant differences between the hyperpigmentation, age, and type of OLP. While 43.2% (n = 108) of cases reported a burning sensation, pain, or soreness, 56.8% (n = 142) of cases were asymptomatic. There were statistically significant differences between the type of OLP and the reported symptoms (p = 0.001). Mild to moderate dysplastic changes were documented in 5.6% during the follow-up period. A successful treatment outcome with topical steroid administration was recorded in the study sample. Conclusion: It was apparent that patients typically have bilateral lesions involving the buccal and labial mucosa, manifesting with varying degrees of oral discomfort. Although patients frequently have more than one variant of OLP, the lesions are typically reticular or erosive in nature. A meticulous follow-up is crucial to determine its malignant change.
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Aguirre-Urizar JM, Alberdi-Navarro J, Lafuente-Ibáñez de Mendoza I, Marichalar-Mendia X, Martínez-Revilla B, Parra-Pérez C, Juan-Galíndez AD, Echebarria-Goicouria MÁ. Clinicopathological and prognostic characterization of oral lichenoid disease and its main subtypes: A series of 384 cases. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2020; 25:e554-e562. [PMID: 32388519 PMCID: PMC7338060 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To clinicopathologically characterize the diagnosis of oral lichenoid disease (OLD) and its main subtypes: oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid lesion (OLL), in order to correctly asses their prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ambispective cohort study of 384 patients with diagnosis of OLD, based on pre-established clinical and histopathological criteria. We have analysed 272 (70.8%) women and 112 (29.2%), whose mean age was 57.1+/-11.8 years (range 21-90); minimum follow-up time was 36 months. A specific protocol was designed for this study, where we gathered the data of each patient, including malignant transformation. RESULTS OLP was diagnosed in 229 cases (77.9%) and OLL in 85 (22.1%). Tobacco consumption was found in 20.3% of the patients and alcohol intake in 41.1%. Liver pathology was present in 10.7% of the cases, thyroid pathology in 11.5%, arterial hypertension in 15.6%, diabetes mellitus in 7.6%, psycho-emotional disorders in 33.3%, skin involvement in 12% and genital involvement in 4.9%. Ten patients (2.6%) developed an oral squamous cell carcinoma, 5 (1.7%) with OLP and 5 (5.9%) with OLL. CONCLUSIONS OLD is a potentially malignant disorder of the oral mucosa which has to be correctly diagnosed as either OLP or OLL, since the risk of malignancy of these subtypes is significantly different.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-M Aguirre-Urizar
- Department of Stomatology II University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Barrio Sarriena sn. 48940. Leioa, Spain
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Bombeccari GP, Giannì AB, Spadari F. Dental Implants and Oral Lichen Planus. J Prosthodont 2019; 28:e736-e738. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Bombeccari
- Maxillo-Facial and Dental Unit (Head Prof. AB Gianni); Fondazione Ca' Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; Milan Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences; University of Milan; Italy
| | - Aldo Bruno Giannì
- Maxillo-Facial and Dental Unit (Head Prof. AB Gianni); Fondazione Ca' Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; Milan Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences; University of Milan; Italy
| | - Francesco Spadari
- Maxillo-Facial and Dental Unit (Head Prof. AB Gianni); Fondazione Ca' Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; Milan Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences; University of Milan; Italy
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Zarean P, Zarean P, Kanounisabet N, Moghareabed A, Rismanchian M, Yadegarfar G. Dental Implant Rehabilitation in Patients Suffering from Mucocutaneous Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Open Dent J 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210601812010873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective:
Dental implantations are widely used for oral rehabilitation of edentulous patients. Despite high success rate, there are some risk factors that have been associated with failures. Oral mucocutaneous diseases are one of these risk factors for implant insertion due to the immunosuppressive therapy.
There are limited studies that have dealt with the subject of dental implantology in oral mucosal disorders mainly with patients with oral lichenplanus, pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, and systemic lupus erythematosus. In order to assess the result of implantations in such patients, we have reviewed the studies.
Materials and Methods:
We searched PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane databases for articles published from Jan 2000 to Dec 2017, using key search word “dental implants”, “oral lichen planus”, “pemphigoid”, “pemphigus vulgaris” and ”systemic lupus erythematosus”.
Results:
The random effects analysis result shows overall failure rates of 22% in patients with oral lichen planus. A systematic review revealed some failures that are not definitely related to these diseases.
Conclusion:
Due to the lack of adequate studies, a meta-analysis was only possible for oral lichen planus. Presently, there is no definite guideline regarding the placement of implant in patients suffering from mucocutaneous diseases; nevertheless, we should always consider that these patients are specific cases and need more attention in the first step of treatment and follow-ups. So there is a need to further clinical studies in order to evaluate more risk factors accurately and make a definitive conclusion.
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8
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AbuHilal M, Walsh S, Shear N. Treatment of recalcitrant erosive oral lichen planus and desquamative gingivitis with oral apremilast. J Dermatol Case Rep 2016; 10:56-57. [PMID: 28400896 DOI: 10.3315/jdcr.2016.1232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erosive oral lichen planus and desquamative gingivitis are uncommon but severe debilitating variants of oral lichen planus. Treatment of these presentations is difficult and challenging. MAIN OBSERVATION A 44-year-old woman was referred to the dermatology clinic with chronic painful lichen planus-related gingivitis and buccal erosions. She has failed multiple treatments including topical clobetasol and tacrolimus, intralesional corticosteroids and several systemic and immunosuppressive agents. Following completion of three months of treatment with oral apremilast at a dose of 30 mg twice daily, significant improvement was noted in her disease activity. CONCLUSION Oral apremilast may be a safe and effective treatment for erosive oral lichen planus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohn'd AbuHilal
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Scott Walsh
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Neil Shear
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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9
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Characterization of pain originating from oral mucosal lesions. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2016; 121:255-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mustafa MB, Porter SR, Smoller BR, Sitaru C. Oral mucosal manifestations of autoimmune skin diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2015; 14:930-51. [PMID: 26117595 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A group of autoimmune diseases is characterised by autoantibodies against epithelial adhesion structures and/or tissue-tropic lymphocytes driving inflammatory processes resulting in specific pathology at the mucosal surfaces and the skin. The most frequent site of mucosal involvement in autoimmune diseases is the oral cavity. Broadly, these diseases include conditions affecting the cell-cell adhesion causing intra-epithelial blistering and those where autoantibodies or infiltration lymphocytes cause a loss of cell-matrix adhesion or interface inflammation. Clinically, patients present with blistering, erosions and ulcers that may affect the skin as well as further mucosal surfaces of the eyes, nose and genitalia. While the autoimmune disease may be suspected based on clinical manifestations, demonstration of tissue-bound and circulating autoantibodies, or lymphocytic infiltrates, by various methods including histological examination, direct and indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, immunoblotting and quantitative immunoassay is a prerequisite for definitive diagnosis. Given the frequency of oral involvement and the fact that oral mucosa is the initially affected site in many cases, the informed practitioner should be well acquainted with diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of autoimmune dermatosis with oral involvement. This paper reviews the pathogenesis and clinical presentation of these conditions in the oral cavity with a specific emphasis on their differential diagnosis and current management approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayson B Mustafa
- Department of Dermatology, University of Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 7, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Oral medicine section, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Khartoum, Faculty of Dentistry, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Bruce R Smoller
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, USA
| | - Cassian Sitaru
- Department of Dermatology, University of Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 7, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Signalhaus Freiburg, Schänzlestr. 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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Barbosa NG, Silveira ÉJD, Lima ENDA, Oliveira PT, Soares MSM, de Medeiros AMC. Factors associated with clinical characteristics and symptoms in a case series of oral lichen planus. Int J Dermatol 2014; 54:e1-6. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natália G. Barbosa
- Oral Pathology Postgraduate Program; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal RN Brazil
| | - Éricka J. D. Silveira
- Oral Pathology Postgraduate Program; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal RN Brazil
| | - Emeline N. de A. Lima
- Oral Pathology Postgraduate Program; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal RN Brazil
| | - Patrícia T. Oliveira
- Oral Pathology Postgraduate Program; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal RN Brazil
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12
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Ertugrul AS, Dursun R, Dundar N, Avunduk MC, Hakki SS. MMP-1, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 levels in oral lichen planus patients with gingivitis or periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58:843-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Petruzzi M, De Benedittis M, Cortelazzi R, Milillo L, Lucchese A, Serpico R, Grassi FR. Implant rehabilitation in patients with oral lichen planus: an overview. Clin Oral Investig 2012; 16:1347-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0695-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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López-Jornet P, Camacho-Alonso F. Application of a motivation-behavioral skills protocol in gingival lichen planus: a short-term study. J Periodontol 2011; 81:1449-54. [PMID: 20572768 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2010.100245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main objective of the present study was to assess the efficacy of a motivation–behavioral skills protocol for plaque control in patients with gingival lichen planus. METHODS A pre- and post-test descriptive clinical study was made of 40 consecutive white patients with gingival lichen planus: five males (12.5%) and 35 females (87.5%); mean age: 57 years. A motivation–behavioral skills protocol for oral hygiene was applied, with the determination of gingival scores (gingival index, plaque extension, and Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs [CPITN]) and patient evaluation after 4 and 8 weeks. RESULTS The clinical parameters in relation to the different forms of gingival lichen planus showed statistically significant improvements for gingival index, plaque extension, and CPITN (P <0.001) as determined 4 and 8 weeks after starting the program. CONCLUSIONS The application of an active prevention program in patients with gingival lichen planus is important because it offers benefits for periodontal health. However, more long-term studies are needed to confirm the results obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia López-Jornet
- Department of Oral Medicine, Murcia University Dental School, Murcia, Spain.
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15
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Bermejo-Fenoll A, Sánchez-Siles M, López-Jornet P, Camacho-Alonso F, Salazar-Sánchez N. A retrospective clinicopathological study of 550 patients with oral lichen planus in south-eastern Spain. J Oral Pathol Med 2010; 39:491-6. [PMID: 20456611 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2010.00894.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study describes the clinicopathological characteristics of a group of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) in south-eastern Spain. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective descriptive study was made of 550 patients clinically and histopathologically diagnosed with OLP in the period 1991-2007. Patient gender, age, the prevalence of hepatitis C, symptoms and malignization were recorded. The clinical forms were classified as reticular-papular and atrophic-erosive. RESULTS Of the 550 patients, 128 (23.3%) were men and 422 (76.7%) women. The mean age was 56.35 +/- 13.67 years (range 14-91). The prevalence of hepatitis C was 3.5%. The red clinical forms were the most frequent, with 359 cases (64.2%). The lesions were asymptomatic in 159 patients (28.9%). Five patients developed oral squamous cell carcinoma (0.9%); none of these subjects was smokers. CONCLUSIONS Patients with OLP present different clinical manifestations. Women were more frequently affected by the disease, and the malignant transformation rate was under 1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bermejo-Fenoll
- Mariano Sánchez-Siles, Clínica Odontológica Universitaria, Medicina Bucal, Hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
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16
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Scardina GA, Messina P. Morphological characteristics of microcirculation in oral lichen planus involving the lateral border of the tongue. J Oral Sci 2009; 51:193-7. [PMID: 19550086 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.51.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucosal condition commonly encountered in dental practice. Lichen planus is believed to represent an abnormal immune response in which epithelial cells are recognized as foreign, secondary to changes in the antigenicity of the cell surface. It has various oral manifestations. The aim of the study was to evaluate the morphological characteristics of microcirculation of lingual lichen planus (LLP). Twenty patients (10 patients with LLP and 10 healthy patients) were examined by means of videocapillaroscopy. The left margin of the lingual mucosa was examined in each patient. The capillary loop length, loop diameter, and capillary density were analyzed on every capillaroscopic image. The results obtained using videocapillaroscopic software were subjected to statistical analysis. The density, loop length, and total diameter showed statistically significant differences. A remarkable increase in capillary density was shown. The microcirculation of LLP can be studied "in vivo" with the help of videocapillaroscopy, and it could be an indicator of the evolutionary condition of LLP, useful for the evaluation of the evolution or regression phases of the disease.
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Cendras J, Bonnetblanc JM. Lichen plan buccal érosif. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2009; 136:458-68; quiz 457, 469-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2008.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 06/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Carbone M, Arduino PG, Carrozzo M, Gandolfo S, Argiolas MR, Bertolusso G, Conrotto D, Pentenero M, Broccoletti R. Course of oral lichen planus: a retrospective study of 808 northern Italian patients. Oral Dis 2009; 15:235-43. [PMID: 19222766 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2009.01516.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To undertake a retrospective inspection of the general features, clinical presentation and outcome of 808 Italian patients with oral lichen planus (OLP), followed up from 6 months to 17 years. RESULTS The mean age was 61 years for women (n = 493) and 58 years for men (n = 315). More than 20% of the total cases had liver abnormalities (n = 164) of which 83.5% infected with hepatitis C virus (n = 137). The reticular and plaque form were the predominant type, affecting almost 60% of patients. 12.3% of patients had also extraoral manifestation, taking into account the skin (n = 63) and genital (n = 24). Symptoms were present in 40% of the total patients. Only less than 2.47% of patients underwent remission, whereas 78% still had oral lesions at the end of the follow-up period. Treatment was directed towards almost 42% of the patients, mainly using topical corticosteroids. Oral squamous cell carcinoma developed in 15 patients, commonly arising on the lateral border of the tongue. CONCLUSION This is one of the largest groups of OLP patients with such long a follow-up ever reported. We confirm the chronic nature of this disorder, rarely remissive and the treatment intend for alleviating symptoms. OLP is established to be a disease with small frequency of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carbone
- Department of Biological Sciences and Human Oncology, Oral Medicine Section, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Scardina GA, Ruggieri A, Messina P. Oral microcirculation observed in vivo by videocapillaroscopy: a review. J Oral Sci 2009; 51:1-10. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.51.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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