1
|
Kim A, Park JH, Lee MJ, Kim SM. Interferon alpha and beta receptor 1 knockout in human embryonic kidney 293 cells enhances the production efficiency of proteins or adenoviral vectors related to type I interferons. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1192291. [PMID: 37476482 PMCID: PMC10355049 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1192291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells are widely used in protein and viral vector production owing to their high transfection efficiency, rapid growth, and suspension growth capability. Given their antiviral, anticancer, and immune-enhancing effects, type I interferons (IFNs) have been used to prevent and treat human and animal diseases. However, the binding of type I IFNs to the IFN-α and-β receptor (IFNAR) stimulates the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). This phenomenon induces an antiviral state and promotes apoptosis in cells, thereby impeding protein or viral vector production. In this study, we generated an IFNAR subtype 1 knockout (KO) HEK 293 suspension (IFNAR-KO) cell line by using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein-9 nuclease (Cas9) technology. Upon treatment with human IFN-α, the IFNAR-KO cells showed a constant expression of ISGs, including 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx1), protein kinase RNA-activated (PKR), and IFN-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1), when compared with the wild-type HEK 293 (WT) cells, wherein the ISGs were significantly upregulated. As a result, the titer of recombinant adenovirus expressing porcine IFN-α was significantly higher in the IFNAR-KO cells than in the WT cells. Furthermore, the IFNAR-KO cells continuously produced higher amounts of IFN-α protein than the WT cells. Thus, the CRISPR-Cas9-mediated IFNAR1 KO cell line can improve the production efficiency of proteins or viral vectors related to IFNs. The novel cell line may be used for producing vaccines and elucidating the type I IFN signaling pathway in cells.
Collapse
|
2
|
Black JB, Frampton AR. Anti-inflammatory compounds reduce equine herpesvirus type 1 replication and cell-to-cell spread. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1165917. [PMID: 37275614 PMCID: PMC10235532 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1165917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) is a highly transmissible pathogen that leads to a variety of clinical disease outcomes in infected horses. A major sequela that can occur after an EHV-1 infection is a neurological disease termed equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM). Clinical manifestations of EHM include fever, ataxia, incontinence, and partial to full paralysis, which may ultimately lead to the euthanization of the infected horse. To develop an effective treatment strategy for EHM, it is critical that the specific virus-host interactions that lead to EHM be investigated so that safe and effective therapeutic interventions can be developed and delivered. In this study, we examined the ability of four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), a steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (dexamethasone), a Rho-kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, and a JAK/STAT inhibitor (AG490) to reduce EHV-1 virus yields and cell-to-cell spread. We show that the NSAID, flunixin meglumine (FM), and the JAK/STAT inhibitor, AG490, significantly reduced virus yields in endothelial and epithelial cell lines, and this inhibition was similar for two neurologic and two non-neurologic EHV-1 strains. In addition to reducing virus yields, AG490 and FM also significantly reduced the ability of EHV-1 to spread laterally from cell to cell.
Collapse
|
3
|
Chan YT, Cheok YY, Cheong HC, Tang TF, Sulaiman S, Hassan J, Looi CY, Tan KK, AbuBakar S, Wong WF. Immune Recognition versus Immune Evasion Systems in Zika Virus Infection. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020642. [PMID: 36831177 PMCID: PMC9952926 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The reemergence of the Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in recent years has posed a serious threat to global health. Despite being asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic in a majority of infected individuals, ZIKV infection can result in severe manifestations including neurological complications in adults and congenital abnormalities in newborns. In a human host, ZIKV is primarily recognized by RIG-like receptors and Toll-like receptors that elicit anti-viral immunity through the secretion of type I interferon (IFN) to limit viral survival, replication, and pathogenesis. Intriguingly, ZIKV evades its host immune system through various immune evasion strategies, including suppressing the innate immune receptors and signaling pathways, mutation of viral structural and non-structural proteins, RNA modulation, or alteration of cellular pathways. Here, we present an overview of ZIKV recognition by the host immune system and the evasion strategies employed by ZIKV. Characterization of the host-viral interaction and viral disease mechanism provide a platform for the rational design of novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategies against ZIKV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yee Teng Chan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yi Ying Cheok
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Heng Choon Cheong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Ting Fang Tang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sofiah Sulaiman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Jamiyah Hassan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Chung Yeng Looi
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Kim-Kee Tan
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Higher Education Center of Excellence (HICoE), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sazaly AbuBakar
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Higher Education Center of Excellence (HICoE), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Won Fen Wong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-(3)-7967-6672
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hanrath AT, Hatton CF, Gothe F, Browne C, Vowles J, Leary P, Cockell SJ, Cowley SA, James WS, Hambleton S, Duncan CJA. Type I interferon receptor ( IFNAR2) deficiency reveals Zika virus cytopathicity in human macrophages and microglia. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1035532. [PMID: 36439115 PMCID: PMC9691778 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are key target cells of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection, implicated as a viral reservoir seeding sanctuary sites such as the central nervous system and testes. This rests on the apparent ability of macrophages to sustain ZIKV replication without experiencing cytopathic effects. ZIKV infection of macrophages triggers an innate immune response involving type I interferons (IFN-I), key antiviral cytokines that play a complex role in ZIKV pathogenesis in animal models. To investigate the functional role of the IFN-I response we generated human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived macrophages from a patient with complete deficiency of IFNAR2, the high affinity IFN-I receptor subunit. Accompanying the profound defect of IFN-I signalling in IFNAR2 deficient iPS-macrophages we observed significantly enhanced ZIKV replication and cell death, revealing the inherent cytopathicity of ZIKV towards macrophages. These observations were recapitulated by genetic and pharmacological ablation of IFN-I signalling in control iPS-macrophages and extended to a model of iPS-microglia. Thus, the capacity of macrophages to support noncytolytic ZIKV replication depends on an equilibrium set by IFN-I, suggesting that innate antiviral responses might counterintuitively promote ZIKV persistence via the maintenance of tissue viral reservoirs relevant to pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aidan T. Hanrath
- Immunology and Inflammation Theme, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine F. Hatton
- Immunology and Inflammation Theme, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Florian Gothe
- Immunology and Inflammation Theme, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Cathy Browne
- James Martin Stem Cell Facility, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Vowles
- James Martin Stem Cell Facility, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Leary
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J. Cockell
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sports Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Sally A. Cowley
- James Martin Stem Cell Facility, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - William S. James
- James Martin Stem Cell Facility, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Hambleton
- Immunology and Inflammation Theme, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Great North Children’s Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. A. Duncan
- Immunology and Inflammation Theme, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, United Kingdom
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fakonti G, Pantazi P, Bokun V, Holder B. Placental Macrophage (Hofbauer Cell) Responses to Infection During Pregnancy: A Systematic Scoping Review. Front Immunol 2022; 12:756035. [PMID: 35250964 PMCID: PMC8895398 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.756035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital infection of the fetus via trans-placental passage of pathogens can result in severe morbidity and mortality. Even without transmission to the fetus, infection of the placenta itself is associated with pregnancy complications including pregnancy loss and preterm birth. Placental macrophages, also termed Hofbauer cells (HBCs), are fetal-origin macrophages residing in the placenta that are likely involved in responding to placental infection and protection of the developing fetus. As HBCs are the only immune cell present in the villous placenta, they represent one of the final opportunities for control of infection and prevention of passage to the developing fetus. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The objective of this review was to provide a systematic overview of the literature regarding HBC responses during infection in pregnancy, including responses to viral, bacterial, and parasitic pathogens. METHODS PubMed and Scopus were searched on May 20th, 2021, with no limit on publication date, to identify all papers that have studied placental macrophages/Hofbauer cells in the context of infection. The following search strategy was utilized: (hofbauer* OR "hofbauer cells" OR "hofbauer cell" OR "placental macrophage" OR "placental macrophages") AND [infect* OR virus OR viral OR bacteri* OR parasite* OR pathogen* OR LPS OR "poly(i:c)" OR toxoplasm* OR microb* OR HIV)]. OUTCOMES 86 studies were identified for review. This included those that investigated HBCs in placentas from pregnancies complicated by maternal infection and in vitro studies investigating HBC responses to pathogens or Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs). HBCs can be infected by a variety of pathogens, and HBC hyperplasia was a common observation. HBCs respond to pathogen infection and PAMPs by altering their transcriptional, translational and secretion profiles. Co-culture investigations demonstrate that they can replicate and transmit pathogens to other cells. In other cases, they may eliminate the pathogen through a variety of mechanisms including phagocytosis, cytokine-mediated pathogen elimination, release of macrophage extracellular traps and HBC-antibody-mediated neutralization. HBC responses differ across gestation and may be influenced by pre-existing immunity. Clinical information, including gestational age at infection, gestational age of the samples, mode of sample collection and pregnancy outcome were missing for the majority of studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Beth Holder
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bernardo-Menezes LC, Agrelli A, Oliveira ASLED, Moura RRD, Crovella S, Brandão LAC. An overview of Zika virus genotypes and their infectivity. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2022; 55:e02632022. [PMID: 36197380 PMCID: PMC9536801 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0263-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA arbovirus belonging to the
genus Flavivirus. It was first isolated from a sentinel monkey
in Uganda in 1947. More recently, ZIKV has undergone rapid geographic expansion
and has been responsible for outbreaks in Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands,
and America. In this review, we have highlighted the influence of viral genetic
variants on ZIKV pathogenesis. Two major ZIKV genotypes (African and Asian) have
been identified. The Asian genotype is subdivided into Southwest Asia, Pacific
Island, and American strains, and is responsible for most outbreaks.
Non-synonymous mutations in ZIKV proteins C, prM, E, NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, and
NS4B were found to have a higher prevalence and association with virulent
strains of the Asian genotype. Consequently, the Asian genotype appears to have
acquired higher cellular permissiveness, tissue persistence, and viral tropism
in human neural cells. Therefore, mutations in specific coding regions of the
Asian genotype may enhance ZIKV infectivity. Considering that mutations in the
genomes of emerging viruses may lead to new virulent variants in humans, there
is a potential for the re-emergence of new ZIKV cases in the future.
Collapse
|
7
|
Reece MD, Taylor RR, Song C, Gavegnano C. Targeting Macrophage Dysregulation for Viral Infections: Novel Targets for Immunomodulators. Front Immunol 2021; 12:768695. [PMID: 34790202 PMCID: PMC8591232 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.768695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A major barrier to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) cure is the latent viral reservoir, which persists despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), including across the non-dividing myeloid reservoir which is found systemically in sanctuary sites across tissues and the central nervous system (CNS). Unlike activated CD4+ T cells that undergo rapid cell death during initial infection (due to rapid viral replication kinetics), viral replication kinetics are delayed in non-dividing myeloid cells, resulting in long-lived survival of infected macrophages and macrophage-like cells. Simultaneously, persistent inflammation in macrophages confers immune dysregulation that is a key driver of co-morbidities including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and neurological deficits in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). Macrophage activation and dysregulation is also a key driver of disease progression across other viral infections including SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and chikungunya viruses, underscoring the interplay between macrophages and disease progression, pathogenesis, and comorbidity in the viral infection setting. This review discusses the role of macrophages in persistence and pathogenesis of HIV-1 and related comorbidities, SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. A special focus is given to novel immunomodulatory targets for key events driving myeloid cell dysregulation and reservoir maintenance across a diverse array of viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica D Reece
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ruby R Taylor
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Colin Song
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Christina Gavegnano
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mezouar S, Katsogiannou M, Ben Amara A, Bretelle F, Mege JL. Placental macrophages: Origin, heterogeneity, function and role in pregnancy-associated infections. Placenta 2020; 103:94-103. [PMID: 33120051 PMCID: PMC7568513 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Placental macrophages are a heterogenous population of immune cells present throughout pregnancy. They are essential for maintenance of the homeostatic placenta environment and host defense against infections. The characterization of placental macrophages as well as their activation have been limited for a long time by the lack of convenient tools. The emergence of unbiased methods makes it possible to reappraise the study of placental macrophages. In this review, we discuss the diversity and the functions of placental macrophages to better understand their dysfunctions during placental infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Mezouar
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France; IHU - Mediterranean Infection, Marseille, France.
| | - Maria Katsogiannou
- Hôpital Saint Joseph, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, FR-13008, Marseille, France
| | - Amira Ben Amara
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France; IHU - Mediterranean Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Bretelle
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France; IHU - Mediterranean Infection, Marseille, France; AP-HM, Gynecology Department, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France; IHU - Mediterranean Infection, Marseille, France; AP-HM, UF Immunology, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Goker Bagca B, Biray Avci C. The potential of JAK/STAT pathway inhibition by ruxolitinib in the treatment of COVID-19. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 54:51-62. [PMID: 32636055 PMCID: PMC7305753 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ruxolitinib is the first approved JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, and is known to interfere with the JAK / STAT signaling pathway, one of the critical cellular signaling pathways involved in the inflammatory response. This review presents an overview of SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 pandemic, and then focuses on the potential efficacy of ruxolitinib in this infection. The potential targets of ruxolitinib were determined by using genetic alterations that have been reported in COVID-19 patients. The potential effectiveness of ruxolitinib is suggested by evaluating the interactions of these potential targets with ruxolitinib or JAK/STAT pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bakiye Goker Bagca
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Cigir Biray Avci
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Del Sarto JL, Rocha RDPF, Bassit L, Olmo IG, Valiate B, Queiroz-Junior CM, Pedrosa CDSG, Ribeiro FM, Guimarães MZ, Rehen S, Amblard F, Zhou L, Cox BD, Gavegnano C, Costa VV, Schinazi RF, Teixeira MM. 7-Deaza-7-fluoro-2'-C-methyladenosine inhibits Zika virus infection and viral-induced neuroinflammation. Antiviral Res 2020; 180:104855. [PMID: 32574688 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) has gained a lot of attention in the past few years due to its rapid spread worldwide and its close association to severe neurological outcomes, such as microcephaly and Guillain-Barre syndrome. In this study, the in vitro and in vivo anti-ZIKV activity of 7-deaza-7-fluoro-2'-C-methyl-adenosine (DFMA) was evaluated. In vitro, using primary mouse neuronal cells and human neural stem cells infected by ZIKV, treatment with DFMA resulted in impaired viral replication and protection against virus-induced cell death. In vivo, when administrated prior to infection, DFMA prevented lethality and markedly reduced viral loads and neuroinflammation, including microgliosis and overall brain damage. Additionally, as an early therapeutic treatment, DFMA increased survival rates in mice. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that the nucleoside analog DFMA inhibits ZIKV infection and viral-induced neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo without apparent untoward effects, suggesting it may be useful in individuals infected with ZIKV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Lemos Del Sarto
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, And(2)Research Center for Drug Development, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rebeca de Paiva Froes Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, And(2)Research Center for Drug Development, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leda Bassit
- Center for AIDS Research, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Isabella Guimarães Olmo
- Neurobiochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno Valiate
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, And(2)Research Center for Drug Development, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Celso M Queiroz-Junior
- Cardiac Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Fabíola Mara Ribeiro
- Neurobiochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marilia Zaluar Guimarães
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Stevens Rehen
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Franck Amblard
- Center for AIDS Research, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Longhu Zhou
- Center for AIDS Research, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Bryan D Cox
- Center for AIDS Research, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Christina Gavegnano
- Center for AIDS Research, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Vivian Vasconcelos Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, And(2)Research Center for Drug Development, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Research Group in Arboviral Diseases. Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raymond F Schinazi
- Center for AIDS Research, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, And(2)Research Center for Drug Development, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hosmillo M, Chaudhry Y, Nayak K, Sorgeloos F, Koo BK, Merenda A, Lillestol R, Drumright L, Zilbauer M, Goodfellow I. Norovirus Replication in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells Is Restricted by the Interferon-Induced JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway and RNA Polymerase II-Mediated Transcriptional Responses. mBio 2020; 11:e00215-20. [PMID: 32184238 PMCID: PMC7078467 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00215-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human noroviruses (HuNoV) are a leading cause of viral gastroenteritis worldwide and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in all age groups. The recent finding that HuNoV can be propagated in B cells and mucosa-derived intestinal epithelial organoids (IEOs) has transformed our ability to dissect the life cycle of noroviruses. Using transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) of HuNoV-infected intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), we have found that replication of HuNoV in IECs results in interferon (IFN)-induced transcriptional responses and that HuNoV replication in IECs is sensitive to IFN. This contrasts with previous studies that suggested that the innate immune response may play no role in the restriction of HuNoV replication in immortalized cells. We demonstrated that inhibition of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/JAK2 enhanced HuNoV replication in IECs. Surprisingly, targeted inhibition of cellular RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription was not detrimental to HuNoV replication but instead enhanced replication to a greater degree than blocking of JAK signaling directly. Furthermore, we demonstrated for the first time that IECs generated from genetically modified intestinal organoids, engineered to be deficient in the interferon response, were more permissive to HuNoV infection. Taking the results together, our work revealed that IFN-induced transcriptional responses restrict HuNoV replication in IECs and demonstrated that inhibition of these responses mediated by modifications of the culture conditions can greatly enhance the robustness of the norovirus culture system.IMPORTANCE Noroviruses are a major cause of gastroenteritis worldwide, and yet the challenges associated with their growth in culture have greatly hampered the development of therapeutic approaches and have limited our understanding of the cellular pathways that control infection. Here, we show that human intestinal epithelial cells, which represent the first point of entry of human noroviruses into the host, limit virus replication by induction of innate responses. Furthermore, we show that modulating the ability of intestinal epithelial cells to induce transcriptional responses to HuNoV infection can significantly enhance human norovirus replication in culture. Collectively, our findings provide new insights into the biological pathways that control norovirus infection but also identify mechanisms that enhance the robustness of norovirus culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myra Hosmillo
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Yasmin Chaudhry
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Komal Nayak
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Frederic Sorgeloos
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Bon-Kyoung Koo
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessandra Merenda
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Reidun Lillestol
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lydia Drumright
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Zilbauer
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Goodfellow
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kasthuri M, Li C, Verma K, Russell OO, Dickson L, McCormick L, Bassit L, Amblard F, Schinazi RF. Synthesis of 4'-Substituted-2'-Deoxy-2'-α-Fluoro Nucleoside Analogs as Potential Antiviral Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061258. [PMID: 32168734 PMCID: PMC7143966 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside analogs are widely used for the treatment of viral diseases (Hepatitis B/C, herpes and human immunodeficiency virus, HIV) and various malignancies. ALS-8176, a prodrug of the 4'-chloromethyl-2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro nucleoside ALS-8112, was evaluated in hospitalized infants for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), but was abandoned for unclear reasons. Based on the structure of ALS-8112, a series of novel 4'-modified-2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro nucleosides were synthesized. Newly prepared compounds were evaluated against RSV, but also against a panel of RNA viruses, including Dengue, West Nile, Chikungunya, and Zika viruses. Unfortunately, none of the compounds showed marked antiviral activity against these viruses.
Collapse
|
13
|
Pre- and peri-implantation Zika virus infection impairs fetal development by targeting trophectoderm cells. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4155. [PMID: 31519912 PMCID: PMC6744420 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection results in an increased risk of spontaneous abortion and poor intrauterine growth although the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. Little is known about the impact of ZIKV infection during the earliest stages of pregnancy, at pre- and peri-implantation, because most current ZIKV pregnancy studies have focused on post-implantation stages. Here, we demonstrate that trophectoderm cells of pre-implantation human and mouse embryos can be infected with ZIKV, and propagate virus causing neural progenitor cell death. These findings are corroborated by the dose-dependent nature of ZIKV susceptibility of hESC-derived trophectoderm cells. Single blastocyst RNA-seq reveals key transcriptional changes upon ZIKV infection, including nervous system development, prior to commitment to the neural lineage. The pregnancy rate of mice is >50% lower in pre-implantation infection than infection at E4.5, demonstrating that pre-implantation ZIKV infection leads to miscarriage. Cumulatively, these data elucidate a previously unappreciated association of pre- and peri-implantation ZIKV infection and microcephaly.
Collapse
|
14
|
Seferovic MD, Turley M, Valentine GC, Rac M, Castro ECC, Major AM, Sanchez B, Eppes C, Sanz-Cortes M, Dunn J, Kautz TF, Versalovic J, Muldrew KL, Stout T, Belfort MA, Demmler-Harrison G, Aagaard KM. Clinical Importance of Placental Testing among Suspected Cases of Congenital Zika Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030712. [PMID: 30736425 PMCID: PMC6387308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Contemporaneous Zika virus (ZIKV) strains can cause congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). Current ZIKV clinical laboratory testing strategies are limited and include IgM serology (which may wane 12 weeks after initial exposure) and nucleic acid testing (NAT) of maternal serum, urine, and placenta for (+) strand ZIKV RNA (which is often transient). The objectives of this study were to determine if use of additional molecular tools, such as quantitative PCR and microscopy, would add to the diagnostic value of current standard placental ZIKV testing in cases with maternal endemic exposure and indeterminate testing. ZIKV RNA was quantified from dissected sections of placental villi, chorioamnion sections, and full cross-sections of umbilical cord in all cases examined. Quantitation with high-resolution automated electrophoresis determined relative amounts of precisely verified ZIKV (74-nt amplicons). In order to localize and visualize stable and actively replicating placental ZIKV in situ, labeling of flaviviridae glycoprotein, RNA ISH against both (+) and (⁻) ZIKV-specific ssRNA strands, and independent histologic examination for significant pathologic changes were employed. We demonstrate that the use of these molecular tools added to the diagnostic value of placental ZIKV testing among suspected cases of congenital Zika syndrome with poorly ascribed maternal endemic exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxim D Seferovic
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Michelle Turley
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Gregory C Valentine
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Martha Rac
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Eumenia C C Castro
- Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Angela M Major
- Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Brianna Sanchez
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Catherine Eppes
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Magdalena Sanz-Cortes
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - James Dunn
- Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Tiffany F Kautz
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - James Versalovic
- Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Microbiology and Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Kenneth L Muldrew
- Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Timothy Stout
- Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Michael A Belfort
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Gail Demmler-Harrison
- Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Kjersti M Aagaard
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zika virus: lessons learned in Brazil. Microbes Infect 2018; 20:661-669. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
16
|
Reyes L, Golos TG. Hofbauer Cells: Their Role in Healthy and Complicated Pregnancy. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2628. [PMID: 30498493 PMCID: PMC6249321 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hofbauer cells are placental villous macrophages of fetal origin that are present throughout pregnancy. Although Hofbauer cell populations are antigenically and morphologically heterogeneous, their epigenetic, antigenic, and functional profiles most closely resemble alternatively activated macrophages or what are referred to as M2a, M2b, M2c, and M2d polarity subtypes. Consistent with an M2-like profile, these cells play an important role in placental development including vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. During placental inflammation Hofbauer cells may produce pro-inflammatory cytokines or mediators that damage the villous cell barrier, and induce fibrotic responses within the villi as a continuum of chronic inflammation. However, to date, there is no evidence that Hofbauer cells become classically activated or adopt an M1 polarity phenotype that is able to kill microbes. To the contrary, their predominant M2 like qualities may be why these cells are ineffective in controlling most TORCH infections. Moreover, Hofbauer cells may contribute to vertical transmission of various pathogens to the fetus since they can harbor live virus and serve as reservoirs within the placenta. The goal of this review is to summarize what is currently known about the role of Hofbauer cells in normal and complicated pregnancies that involve immunologic disorders, inflammation, and/or infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Reyes
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Thaddeus G Golos
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
An Update on Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus. Pathogens 2018; 7:pathogens7030066. [PMID: 30081445 PMCID: PMC6161238 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens7030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the arthropod-borne flaviviruses (arboviruses) which are mainly transmitted by blood-sucking mosquitoes of the genus Aedes. ZIKV infection has been known to be rather asymptomatic or presented as febrile self-limited disease; however, during the last decade the manifestation of ZIKV infection has been associated with a variety of neuroimmunological disorders including Guillain–Barré syndrome, microcephaly and other central nervous system abnormalities. More recently, there is accumulating evidence about sexual transmission of ZIKV, a trait that has never been observed in any other mosquito-borne flavivirus before. This article reviews the latest information regarding the latter and emerging role of ZIKV, focusing on the consequences of ZIKV infection on the male reproductive system and the epidemiology of human-to-human sexual transmission.
Collapse
|
18
|
Seferovic M, Sánchez-San Martín C, Tardif SD, Rutherford J, Castro ECC, Li T, Hodara VL, Parodi LM, Giavedoni L, Layne-Colon D, Tamhankar M, Yagi S, Martyn C, Reyes K, Suter MA, Aagaard KM, Chiu CY, Patterson JL. Experimental Zika Virus Infection in the Pregnant Common Marmoset Induces Spontaneous Fetal Loss and Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6851. [PMID: 29717225 PMCID: PMC5931554 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25205-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
During its most recent outbreak across the Americas, Zika virus (ZIKV) was surprisingly shown to cause fetal loss and congenital malformations in acutely and chronically infected pregnant women. However, understanding the underlying pathogenesis of ZIKV congenital disease has been hampered by a lack of relevant in vivo experimental models. Here we present a candidate New World monkey model of ZIKV infection in pregnant marmosets that faithfully recapitulates human disease. ZIKV inoculation at the human-equivalent of early gestation caused an asymptomatic seroconversion, induction of type I/II interferon-associated genes and proinflammatory cytokines, and persistent viremia and viruria. Spontaneous pregnancy loss was observed 16-18 days post-infection, with extensive active placental viral replication and fetal neurocellular disorganization similar to that seen in humans. These findings underscore the key role of the placenta as a conduit for fetal infection, and demonstrate the utility of marmosets as a highly relevant model for studying congenital ZIKV disease and pregnancy loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Seferovic
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Molecular and Human Genetics, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Suzette D Tardif
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
| | - Julienne Rutherford
- Department of Women, Children and Family Health Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Eumenia C C Castro
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Molecular and Human Genetics, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tony Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Vida L Hodara
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
| | - Laura M Parodi
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
| | - Luis Giavedoni
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
| | - Donna Layne-Colon
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
| | - Manasi Tamhankar
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
| | - Shigeo Yagi
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, 94804, USA
| | - Calla Martyn
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Kevin Reyes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Melissa A Suter
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Molecular and Human Genetics, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kjersti M Aagaard
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Molecular and Human Genetics, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Charles Y Chiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
- Department of Medicine/Infectious Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| | - Jean L Patterson
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Aliota MT, Bassit L, Bradrick SS, Cox B, Garcia-Blanco MA, Gavegnano C, Friedrich TC, Golos TG, Griffin DE, Haddow AD, Kallas EG, Kitron U, Lecuit M, Magnani DM, Marrs C, Mercer N, McSweegan E, Ng LFP, O'Connor DH, Osorio JE, Ribeiro GS, Ricciardi M, Rossi SL, Saade G, Schinazi RF, Schott-Lerner GO, Shan C, Shi PY, Watkins DI, Vasilakis N, Weaver SC. Zika in the Americas, year 2: What have we learned? What gaps remain? A report from the Global Virus Network. Antiviral Res 2017; 144:223-246. [PMID: 28595824 PMCID: PMC5920658 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In response to the outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in the Western Hemisphere and the recognition of a causal association with fetal malformations, the Global Virus Network (GVN) assembled an international taskforce of virologists to promote basic research, recommend public health measures and encourage the rapid development of vaccines, antiviral therapies and new diagnostic tests. In this article, taskforce members and other experts review what has been learned about ZIKV-induced disease in humans, its modes of transmission and the cause and nature of associated congenital manifestations. After describing the make-up of the taskforce, we summarize the emergence of ZIKV in the Americas, Africa and Asia, its spread by mosquitoes, and current control measures. We then review the spectrum of primary ZIKV-induced disease in adults and children, sites of persistent infection and sexual transmission, then examine what has been learned about maternal-fetal transmission and the congenital Zika syndrome, including knowledge obtained from studies in laboratory animals. Subsequent sections focus on vaccine development, antiviral therapeutics and new diagnostic tests. After reviewing current understanding of the mechanisms of emergence of Zika virus, we consider the likely future of the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Aliota
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
| | - Leda Bassit
- Center for AIDS Research, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shelton S Bradrick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Bryan Cox
- Center for AIDS Research, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mariano A Garcia-Blanco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Christina Gavegnano
- Center for AIDS Research, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas C Friedrich
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
| | - Thaddeus G Golos
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
| | - Diane E Griffin
- Global Virus Network, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, USA; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Andrew D Haddow
- Global Virus Network, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, USA; Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Ft. Detrick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Esper G Kallas
- Global Virus Network, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Uriel Kitron
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Global Virus Network, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, USA; Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit and INSERM Unit 1117, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Necker- Enfants Malades University Hospital, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Diogo M Magnani
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Caroline Marrs
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Natalia Mercer
- Global Virus Network, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Lisa F P Ng
- Global Virus Network, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, USA; Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - David H O'Connor
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
| | - Jorge E Osorio
- Global Virus Network, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
| | - Guilherme S Ribeiro
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz and Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Shannan L Rossi
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - George Saade
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Raymond F Schinazi
- Global Virus Network, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for AIDS Research, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Geraldine O Schott-Lerner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Chao Shan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Pei-Yong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - David I Watkins
- Global Virus Network, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nikos Vasilakis
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Scott C Weaver
- Global Virus Network, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|