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Manousi N, Kabir A, Zachariadis GA. Recent advances in the extraction of triazine herbicides from water samples. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:113-133. [PMID: 34047458 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are excessively used in agriculture to improve the quality of crops by eliminating the negative effects of pests. Among the different groups of pesticides, triazine pesticides are a group of compounds that contain a substituted C3 H3 N3 heterocyclic ring, and they are widely used. Triazine pesticides can be dangerous for humans as well as for the aquatic environment because of their high toxicity and endocrine disrupting effect. However, the concentration of these chemical compounds in water samples is low. Moreover, other compounds that may exist in the water samples can interfere with the determination of triazine pesticides. As a result, it is important to develop sample preparation methods that provide preconcentration of the target analyte and sufficient clean-up of the samples. Recently, a wide variety of novel microextraction and miniaturized extraction techniques (e.g., solid-phase microextraction and liquid-phase microextraction, stir bar sorptive extraction, fabric phase sorptive extraction, dispersive solid-phase extraction, and magnetic solid-phase extraction) have been developed. In this review, we aim to discuss the recent advances regarding the extraction of triazine pesticides from environmental water samples. Emphasis will be given to novel sample preparation methods and novel sorbents developed for sorbent-based extraction techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Manousi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Abuzar Kabir
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - George A Zachariadis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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2
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Tolcha T, Gemechu T, Al-Hamimi S, Megersa N, Turner C. Multivariate optimization of a combined static and dynamic supercritical fluid extraction method for trace analysis of pesticides pollutants in organic honey. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:1716-1726. [PMID: 33655627 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The intensive application of pesticides to increase crop production has resulted in contamination of the agricultural products. Due to their occurrence at trace levels and the complexity of food samples, analysis of pesticide residues requires selective and efficient sample preparation methods. For this purpose, an extraction method based on supercritical carbon dioxide and acetonitrile as entrainer solvent was developed for trace analysis of atrazine, diazinon, chlorothalonil, and deltamethrin pesticides in honey samples. A Box-Behnken experimental design was applied to optimize extraction variables including static extraction time (5-15 min), pressure (200-700 bar), and temperature (45-70°C). The optimum extraction conditions were found to be 11.5 min static extraction time, 252 bar, and 70°C. The proposed analytical method showed a good linearity (≥0.998), low limit of detection (0.005-0.009 mg/kg), and good extraction recovery (74-111%). The precision study of the proposed method at two concentration levels of each pesticides, 0.25 and 1.0 mg/kg was found to be in the ranges of 2.3-4.21% for intraday (n = 3) and 3.93-8.02% for interday precisions (n = 3). The developed method is promising for use in trace analysis of pesticides in complex food samples including honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teshome Tolcha
- Lund University, Department of Chemistry, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, P. O. Box 124, Lund, SE-22100, Sweden.,Addis Ababa University, Department of Chemistry, P. O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tura Gemechu
- Lund University, Department of Chemistry, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, P. O. Box 124, Lund, SE-22100, Sweden.,Addis Ababa University, Department of Chemistry, P. O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Said Al-Hamimi
- Lund University, Department of Chemistry, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, P. O. Box 124, Lund, SE-22100, Sweden.,OQ, SablaX, P.O box 261, Muscat, P.C 118, Oman
| | - Negussie Megersa
- Addis Ababa University, Department of Chemistry, P. O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Charlotta Turner
- Lund University, Department of Chemistry, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, P. O. Box 124, Lund, SE-22100, Sweden
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3
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Destro ALF, Silva SB, Gregório KP, de Oliveira JM, Lozi AA, Zuanon JAS, Salaro AL, da Matta SLP, Gonçalves RV, Freitas MB. Effects of subchronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of the herbicide atrazine in the Neotropical fish Astyanax altiparanae. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111601. [PMID: 33396121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is among the most widely used herbicides in the world, and yet it has a potential to contaminate aquatic environments due to pesticide leaching from agricultural areas. In the Neotropical region, studies about the effects of this herbicide in native aquatic wildlife is scarce.Our study aimed at investigating the effects of a 30-day exposure to a commercial atrazine formulation on oxidative stress parameters, histopathology in testis and liver, and hormone levels in males and female of yellow-tailed tetra fish (Astyanax altiparanae). Adults were exposed to low but environmentally relevant concentrations of atrazine as follows: 0 (CTL-control), 0.5 (ATZ0.5), 1 (ATZ1), 2 (ATZ2) and 10 (ATZ10) μg/L. Our results showed decreased GST activity in gills in all groups of exposed animals and increased CAT activity in gills from the ATZ10 group. In the liver, there was an increase in lipid peroxidation in fish from ATZ1 and ATZ2 groups. Histological analysis of the liver showed increased percentage of sinusoid capillaries in ATZ2 fish, increased vascular congestion in ATZ1 and increased leukocyte infiltration in the ATZ10 group. Hepatocyte diameter analysis revealed a decrease in cell size in all groups exposed to ATZ, and a decrease in hepatocyte nucleus diameter in ATZ1, ATZ2 and ATZ10 groups. Endocrine parameters did not show significant changes following ATZ exposure, although an increase of triiodothyronine/thyroxine (T3/T4) ratio was observed in ATZ2 fish. Our results provide evidence that even low, environmentally relevant concentrations of ATZ produced oxidative damage and histological alterations in adult yellow-tailed tetra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza F Destro
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Stella B Silva
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Kemilli P Gregório
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda A Lozi
- Department of Cellular and structural Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Lúcia Salaro
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mariella B Freitas
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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Beceiro-González E, González-Castro MJ, Muniategui-Lorenzo S. A Simple Method for the Determination of Triazines from Seawater in Accordance with the Directive 2013/39/EU. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 105:332-336. [PMID: 32556692 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02897-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Since the Directive 2013/39/EU included terbutryn to the list of priority substances of all water bodies, a previous method based on dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (DLLME) for the determination of triazines in seawater has been modified. The main change consisted on the use of tandem mass spectrometry instead of diode array as detection technique. Due to the higher sensitivity of mass detector, sample volume was reduced and extraction solvent volume was optimized. The optimum extraction conditions were 5 mL of sample, 50 µL of 1-octanol and an agitation step instead of disperser solvent. The obtained analytical recoveries (73%-101% with relative standard deviations below 4%) meeting the requirements. The limits of quantification (between 0.016 and 0.021 µg L-1) were more than 10 times lower than the limit set by the European Directive 2013/39/EU for terbutryn (0.34 µg L-1). The proposed method was applied to the determination of the target compounds in seawater samples from A Coruña (Galicia, NW of Spain).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Beceiro-González
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - María José González-Castro
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
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5
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Tolcha T, Gemechu T, Al-Hamimi S, Megersa N, Turner C. High Density Supercritical Carbon Dioxide for the Extraction of Pesticide Residues in Onion with Multivariate Response Surface Methodology. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25041012. [PMID: 32102410 PMCID: PMC7070919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25041012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The excessive use of pesticides is a serious health problem due to their toxicity and bioaccumulation through the food chain. Due to the complexity of foods, the analysis of pesticides is challenging often giving large matrix effects and co-extracted compounds. To overcome this problem, a selective and “green” supercritical fluid extraction method was developed, using neat carbon dioxide as a solvent at pressures of up to 800 bars. A Box–Behnken response surface experimental design was used, with the independent variables of density (0.70−1.0 g mL−1), temperature (40−70 °C), and volume (10−40 mL) of solvent, and the dependent variable of extracted amount of pesticides. The optimum extraction condition was found at the use of 29 mL of supercritical CO2 at 0.90 g mL−1 and 53 °C (corresponding to 372 bars of pressure). It was observed that increasing the density of CO2 significantly increased the extraction recovery of endrin and 2,4′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane. Matrix-matched calibration curves showed satisfactory linearity (R2 ≥ 0.994), and LODs ranged from 0.2 to 2.0 ng g−1. Precision was lower than 11% and recoveries between 80%–103%. Thus, the developed method could efficiently be used for trace analysis of pesticides in complex food matrices without the use of organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teshome Tolcha
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 1176 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; (T.T.); (T.G.); (N.M.)
| | - Tura Gemechu
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 1176 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; (T.T.); (T.G.); (N.M.)
| | - Said Al-Hamimi
- Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, P. O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Negussie Megersa
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 1176 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; (T.T.); (T.G.); (N.M.)
| | - Charlotta Turner
- Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, P. O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-46-222-8125
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Er EÖ, Çağlak A, Engin GÖ, Bakirdere S. Ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid phase extraction based on Fe3O4/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for the determination of 4-tert octylphenol and atrazine by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Tian H, Berton P, Rogers RD. Aqueous Biphasic Systems Composed of Random Ethylene/Propylene Oxide Copolymers, Choline Acetate, and Water for Triazine-Based Herbicide Partitioning Study. SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299.2018.1546800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhe Tian
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, St. West Montreal, QC, Canada
- Plant Protection College, Department of Applied Chemistry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Paula Berton
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, St. West Montreal, QC, Canada
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Robin D. Rogers
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, St. West Montreal, QC, Canada
- 525 Solutions, Inc., P.O. Box 2206, Tuscaloosa, AL 35403 USA
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Chaiyamate P, Seebunrueng K, Srijaranai S. Vortex-assisted low density solvent and surfactant based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for sensitive spectrophotometric determination of cobalt. RSC Adv 2018; 8:7243-7251. [PMID: 35540320 PMCID: PMC9078415 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11896a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes the development of vortex-assisted low density solvent and surfactant based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (VALS-DLLME) for Co(ii) prior to its spectrophotometric detection. The method consisted of the complexation of Co(ii) with pyrocatechol violet (PV) followed by the preconcentration of the Co(II)–PV complex using VALS-DLLME and then an absorption measurement at 600 nm. The optimum conditions for complex formation were a 1 : 3 mole ratio of Co(ii) and PV at pH 7.5, while the conditions for VALS-DLLME were 300 μL 1-dodecanol as extraction solvent, and 300 μL acetonitrile as dispersive solvent under a vortex for 20 s with the addition of cationic surfactant (0.02 mmol L−1 CTAB). Under the optimum conditions, good linearity was in the range of 0.1–10 mg L−1, the enrichment factor (EF) was 13.5 and the low limit of detection (LOD) was 0.04 mg L−1. The method was applied to the analysis of Co(ii) in water, green leaf vegetable and vitamin B12 samples. The proposed method provided good recoveries in the range of 86–104%, which were comparable to those obtained from flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The formation of a Co(II)–PV complex and the VALS-DLLME procedure.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Patiwat Chaiyamate
- Materials Chemistry Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Khon Kaen University
| | - Ketsarin Seebunrueng
- Materials Chemistry Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Khon Kaen University
| | - Supalax Srijaranai
- Materials Chemistry Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Khon Kaen University
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Hollow-Fibre-Supported Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for Determination of Atrazine and Triclosan in Aqueous Samples. Int J Anal Chem 2017; 2017:1451476. [PMID: 29158736 PMCID: PMC5660808 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1451476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the application of the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled to hollow-fibre membrane-assisted liquid-phase microextraction and its application for extraction of atrazine and triclosan. Under optimum conditions, namely, 25 μL of a 1 : 4 chlorobenzene : ethyl acetate mixture dispersed in 1 mL of aqueous sample, 10% (m/v) NaCl, a magnetic stirrer speed at 600 rpm, and 10 minutes' extraction time with toluene-filled fibre as the acceptor phase, the method demonstrates sufficient figures of merit. These include linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9975), intravial precision (%RSD ≤ 7.6), enrichment factors (127 and 142), limits of detection (0.0081 and 0.0169 µg/mL), and recovery from river water and sewerage (96–101%). The relatively high detection limits are attributed to the flame ionization detector which is less preferred than a mass spectrometer in trace analyses. This is the first report of a homogenous mixture of the dispersed organic solvent in aqueous solutions and its employment in extraction of organic compounds from aqueous solutions. It therefore adds yet another candidate in the pool of miniaturised solvent microextraction techniques.
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Zhang Z, Mei M, Huang Y, Huang X, Huang H, Ding Y. Facile preparation of a polydopamine-based monolith for multiple monolithic fiber solid-phase microextraction of triazine herbicides in environmental water samples. J Sep Sci 2016; 40:733-743. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zirui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem; College of the Environment and Ecology; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Meng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem; College of the Environment and Ecology; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Yanmei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem; College of the Environment and Ecology; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Xiaojia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem; College of the Environment and Ecology; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Hanyue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem; College of the Environment and Ecology; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
| | - Yuxin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem; College of the Environment and Ecology; Xiamen University; Xiamen China
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Effective extraction of triazines from environmental water samples using magnetism-enhanced monolith-based in-tube solid phase microextraction. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 937:69-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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Bedassa T, Gure A, Megersa N. Low density solvent based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and preconcentration of multiresidue pesticides in environmental waters for liquid chromatographic analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934815100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Xing H, Wang Z, Wu H, Zhao X, Liu T, Li S, Xu S. Assessment of pesticide residues and gene expression in common carp exposed to atrazine and chlorpyrifos: Health risk assessments. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 113:491-498. [PMID: 25568939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the impacts of atrazine (ATR), chlorpyrifos (CPF) and combined ATR/CPF exposure on the kidney of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). The carp were sampled after a 40-d exposure to CPF and ATR, individually or in combination, followed by a 40-d recovery to measure the expression levels of heat shock proteins genes (HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90) and pesticide residues in the kidney tissue. The results revealed that the mRNA and protein levels of HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 were induced in the kidney of common carp by ATR, CPF, and ATR/CPF mixture. The accumulated amounts of ATR, CPF, and their metabolites in the kidney tissues exhibited dose-dependency. These results exhibited that increasing concentration of ATR and CPF in the environment causes considerable stress for common carp, suggesting that the expression levels of HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 may act as potential biomarkers for assessing the environmental ATR and CPF risk for carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houjuan Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, PR China; Animal Health Supervision Institute of Heilongjiang Province, 243 Haping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Zhilei Wang
- Animal Health Supervision Institute of Heilongjiang Province, 243 Haping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Hongda Wu
- Institute of Animal Science, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Heilongjiang Province, 368 Xuefu Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150086, PR China
| | - Xia Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Rodríguez-González N, Beceiro-González E, González-Castro MJ, Muniategui-Lorenzo S. An environmentally friendly method for the determination of triazine herbicides in estuarine seawater samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:618-626. [PMID: 25096490 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A fast, simple, sensitive and green chemistry method using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) for the simultaneous determination of seven triazine herbicides (ametryn, atrazine, cyanazine, propazine, simazine, simetryn and terbuthylazine) in estuarine seawater samples has been developed. DLLME was carried out using a small volume of seawater (25 mL) and 300 μL of 1-octanol. Herbicide concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography-diode array detection, and results were confirmed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation tandem spectrometry analysis. The analytical features of the proposed method were satisfactory with repeatability < ±5% and intermediate precision < ±10%, and recoveries ranged from 81-102% for all compounds. All the triazines exhibited linear matrix calibration curves with coefficients of determination >0.999 for all the analytes except for simazine (0.9975). Limits of quantification ranged between 0.19 and 1.12 μg L(-1). The method was applied to the analysis of seawater samples from ten points susceptible to contamination by triazines from estuary of A Coruña (Galicia, NW of Spain). The levels of the seven triazines were below the LODs in the analysed samples. Use of proposed method will allow for monitoring of triazines at levels below the regulatory limits set by the European Directive 2008/105/EC of 2 and 4 μg L(-1) for atrazine and simazine, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rodríguez-González
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente, Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
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15
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Determination of triazine herbicides in fresh vegetables by dynamic microwave-assisted extraction coupled with homogeneous ionic liquid microextraction high performance liquid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:1753-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Application of a developed method for the extraction of triazines in surface waters and storage prior to analysis to seawaters of Galicia (northwest Spain). ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:536369. [PMID: 24228007 PMCID: PMC3817644 DOI: 10.1155/2013/536369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple method based on solid-phase extraction combined with liquid chromatography for simultaneous determination of nine triazine herbicides (ametryn, atrazine, cyanazine, prometryn, propazine, simazine, simetryn, terbuthylazine, and terbutryn) in surface water samples was developed and validated. Under optimized conditions, 50 mL of water sample was pumped through the Oasis HLB cartridge, and triazines were eluted with 3 mL acetone. Finally the extract was concentrated to dryness, reconstituted with 1 mL methanol : water (1 : 1) and injected into the HPLC-DAD system. The stability of the herbicides on the cartridges at −18 and 4°C was also evaluated, and the recoveries obtained after three weeks of storage were satisfactory for all compounds. The analytical features of the proposed method were satisfactory: repeatability and intermediate precision were <10% and recoveries in spiked river water and seawater samples were higher than 93% for all compounds studied. Limits of quantification (varied from 0.46 to 0.98 µg L−1) were adequately allowing the determination of these compounds at the levels requested by the 2008/105/EC Directive. Finally, this method was applied to the analysis of 50 seawater samples from Galicia (northwest Spain).
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Taguchi L32 Orthogonal Array Design for Evaluation of Three Dispersive Microextraction Methods: A Case Study for Determination of Methyl Methacrylate in Produced Water by DLLME, DLLME-SLW, DLLME-SFO. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-013-0855-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Cobzac SC, Gocan S. CHROMATOGRAPHY: RECENT PROGRESS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.647193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Wu Q, Feng C, Zhao G, Wang C, Wang Z. Graphene-coated fiber for solid-phase microextraction of triazine herbicides in water samples. J Sep Sci 2011; 35:193-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Revised: 09/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Abarikwu S, Farombi E, Kashyap M, Pant A. Atrazine induces transcriptional changes in marker genes associated with steroidogenesis in primary cultures of rat Leydig cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2011; 25:1588-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Cobzac SC, Gocan S. SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY: RECENT PROGRESS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.588064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Codruta Cobzac
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Simion Gocan
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj Napoca, Romania
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22
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Wu C, Liu Y, Wu Q, Wang C, Wang Z. Combined Use of Liquid–Liquid Microextraction and Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Hollow Fiber Microporous Membrane Solid-Phase Microextraction for the Determination of Triazine Herbicides in Water and Milk Samples by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-011-9280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Ultratrace determination of carbamate pesticides in water samples by temperature controlled ionic liquid dispersive liquid phase microextraction combined with high performance liquid phase chromatography. Mikrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-011-0587-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Zhou Q, Zhang X. Combination of ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid-phase microextraction and high performance liquid chromatography for the sensitive determination of benzoylureas pesticides in environmental water samples. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:3734-40. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Herrera-Herrera AV, Asensio-Ramos M, Hernández-Borges J, Rodríguez-Delgado MÁ. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of organic analytes. Trends Analyt Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2010.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Application of ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction for the determination of triazine herbicides in soil samples by high performance liquid chromatography. Mikrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-010-0385-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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Evolution of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:2342-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 764] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2009] [Revised: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Chen H, Chen R, Li S. Low-density extraction solvent-based solvent terminated dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of carbamate pesticides in water samples. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:1244-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Revised: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Takagai Y, Hinze WL. Cloud Point Extraction with Surfactant Derivatization as an Enrichment Step Prior to Gas Chromatographic or Gas Chromatography−Mass Spectrometric Analysis. Anal Chem 2009; 81:7113-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ac9009963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Takagai
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, P.O. Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, and Cluster of Science and Technology, Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan
| | - Willie L. Hinze
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, P.O. Box 7486, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, and Cluster of Science and Technology, Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan
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