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Metzger C, Leroy T, Bochnakian A, Jeulin H, Gegout-Petit A, Legrand K, Schvoerer E, Guillemin F. Seroprevalence and SARS-CoV-2 invasion in general populations: A scoping review over the first year of the pandemic. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0269104. [PMID: 37075077 PMCID: PMC10118383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, counting infected people has underestimated asymptomatic cases. This literature scoping review assessed the seroprevalence progression in general populations worldwide over the first year of the pandemic. Seroprevalence studies were searched in PubMed, Web of Science and medRxiv databases up to early April 2021. Inclusion criteria were a general population of all ages or blood donors as a proxy. All articles were screened for the title and abstract by two readers, and data were extracted from selected articles. Discrepancies were resolved with a third reader. From 139 articles (including 6 reviews), the seroprevalence estimated in 41 countries ranged from 0 to 69%, with a heterogenous increase over time and continents, unevenly distributed among countries (differences up to 69%) and sometimes among regions within a country (up to 10%). The seroprevalence of asymptomatic cases ranged from 0% to 31.5%. Seropositivity risk factors included low income, low education, low smoking frequency, deprived area residency, high number of children, densely populated centres, and presence of a case in a household. This review of seroprevalence studies over the first year of the pandemic documented the progression of this virus across the world in time and space and the risk factors that influenced its spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Metzger
- CHRU -Nancy, INSERM, Université de Lorraine, CIC Epidémiologie clinique,
F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Taylor Leroy
- CHRU -Nancy, INSERM, Université de Lorraine, CIC Epidémiologie clinique,
F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Agathe Bochnakian
- CHRU -Nancy, INSERM, Université de Lorraine, CIC Epidémiologie clinique,
F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Hélène Jeulin
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPME, F‐54000, Nancy,
France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHRU de Nancy Brabois, F‐54500, Nancy,
France
| | | | - Karine Legrand
- CHRU -Nancy, INSERM, Université de Lorraine, CIC Epidémiologie clinique,
F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Evelyne Schvoerer
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPME, F‐54000, Nancy,
France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHRU de Nancy Brabois, F‐54500, Nancy,
France
| | - Francis Guillemin
- CHRU -Nancy, INSERM, Université de Lorraine, CIC Epidémiologie clinique,
F-54000, Nancy, France
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2
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Marchi S, Coppola C, Piu P, Benincasa L, Dapporto F, Manenti A, Viviani S, Montomoli E, Trombetta CM. SARS-CoV-2 epidemiological trend before vaccination era: a seroprevalence study in Apulia, Southern Italy, in 2020. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023:1-6. [PMID: 36776202 PMCID: PMC9898852 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01834-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Aim The present study aimed at assessing the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in the general population in the province of Bari (Apulia region, Southern Italy) during the year 2020. Subject and methods In this study, 1325 serum samples collected from January to December 2020 were tested for the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies against whole-virus SARS-CoV-2 antigen by commercial ELISA. Positive samples were further tested by in-house ELISA for the detection of anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) IgM and IgG antibodies and by micro-neutralization (MN) assay for the detection of neutralizing antibody. Results One hundred (7.55%) samples had the presence of at least one antibody class against SARS-CoV-2 by commercial ELISA, of which 88 (6.6%) showed IgG and 19 (1.4%) showed IgM antibodies. The proportion of samples with IgG antibodies increased from 1.9% in January-February to 9.6% in November-December, while no significant increase was observed for IgM. When tested by in-house ELISA and MN assay, 17.0% and 31.6% were found positive to RBD IgG and RBD IgM, respectively, while 12.0% showed neutralizing antibody. Conclusion The proportion of samples with SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies increased during 2020, especially in the second half of the year, consistent with data reported by the routine epidemiological surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 cases. Despite the high number of reported cases, the seroprevalence values are relatively low, and only a small proportion of samples had neutralizing antibodies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-023-01834-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Marchi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Chiara Coppola
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Simonetta Viviani
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- VisMederi srl, 53100 Siena, Italy
- VisMederi Research srl, 53100 Siena, Italy
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D’Alterio G, Lasorsa VA, Bonfiglio F, Cantalupo S, Rosato BE, Andolfo I, Russo R, Esposito U, Frisso G, Abete P, Cassese GM, Servillo G, Gentile I, Piscopo C, Della Monica M, Fiorentino G, Boccia A, Paolella G, Ferrucci V, de Antonellis P, Siciliano R, Asadzadeh F, Cerino P, Buonerba C, Pierri B, Zollo M, Iolascon A, Capasso M. Germline rare variants of lectin pathway genes predispose to asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in elderly individuals. Genet Med 2022; 24:1653-1663. [PMID: 35511137 PMCID: PMC9068606 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Emerging evidence suggest that infection-dependent hyperactivation of complement system (CS) may worsen COVID-19 outcome. We investigated the role of predicted high impact rare variants - referred as qualifying variants (QVs) - of CS genes in predisposing asymptomatic COVID-19 in elderly individuals, known to be more susceptible to severe disease. METHODS Exploiting exome sequencing data and 56 CS genes, we performed a gene-based collapsing test between 164 asymptomatic subjects (aged ≥60 years) and 56,885 European individuals from the Genome Aggregation Database. We replicated this test comparing the same asymptomatic individuals with 147 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. RESULTS We found an enrichment of QVs in 3 genes (MASP1, COLEC11, and COLEC10), which belong to the lectin pathway, in the asymptomatic cohort. Analyses of complement activity in serum showed decreased activity of lectin pathway in asymptomatic individuals with QVs. Finally, we found allelic variants associated with asymptomatic COVID-19 phenotype and with a decreased expression of MASP1, COLEC11, and COLEC10 in lung tissue. CONCLUSION This study suggests that genetic rare variants can protect from severe COVID-19 by mitigating the activity of lectin pathway and prothrombin. The genetic data obtained through ES of 786 asymptomatic and 147 hospitalized individuals are publicly available at http://espocovid.ceinge.unina.it/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe D’Alterio
- European School of Molecular Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Ferdinando Bonfiglio
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sueva Cantalupo
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Eleni Rosato
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Immacolata Andolfo
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Russo
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Frisso
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Abete
- COVID Hospital, P.O.S. Anna e SS. Madonna della Neve di Boscotrecase, Ospedali Riuniti Area Vesuviana, Naples, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Cassese
- COVID Hospital, P.O.S. Anna e SS. Madonna della Neve di Boscotrecase, Ospedali Riuniti Area Vesuviana, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Servillo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ivan Gentile
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmelo Piscopo
- Medical and Laboratory Genetics Unit, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Della Monica
- Medical and Laboratory Genetics Unit, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fiorentino
- Cotugno Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Paolella
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Ferrucci
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasqualino de Antonellis
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Siciliano
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fathem Asadzadeh
- European School of Molecular Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Cerino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carlo Buonerba
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana,” University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Biancamaria Pierri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Napoli, Italy,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana,” University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Massimo Zollo
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Achille Iolascon
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Capasso
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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Marchi S, Lanave G, Camero M, Dapporto F, Manenti A, Benincasa L, Acciavatti A, Brogi G, Viviani S, Montomoli E, Trombetta CM. SARS-CoV-2 Circulation during the First Year of the Pandemic: A Seroprevalence Study from January to December 2020 in Tuscany, Italy. Viruses 2022; 14:v14071441. [PMID: 35891420 PMCID: PMC9324460 DOI: 10.3390/v14071441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Italy was the second country affected by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; the virus spread mainly in Northern Italy with a subsequent diffusion to the center and southern part of the country. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in the general population of the Siena province in the Tuscany region (Central Italy) during 2020. A total of 2480 serum samples collected from January to December 2020 were tested for IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 by a commercial ELISA. Positive and borderline samples were further tested for the presence of anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgM and IgG antibodies by an in-house ELISA and by a micro-neutralization assay. Out of the 2480 samples tested by the commercial ELISA, 81 (3.3%) were found to be positive or borderline for IgG and 58 (2.3%) for IgM in a total of 133 samples (5.4%) found to be positive or borderline for at least one antibody class. When the commercial ELISA and in-house ELISA/micro-neutralization assay results were combined, 26 samples (1.0%) were positive for RBD IgG, 11 (0.4%) for RBD IgM, and 23 (0.9%) for a neutralizing antibody. An increase in seroprevalence was observed during the year 2020, especially from the end of summer, consistent with the routine epidemiological surveillance of COVID-19 cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Marchi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.V.); (E.M.); (C.M.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Gianvito Lanave
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Michele Camero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Giulio Brogi
- NeoMedica Srl, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.A.); (G.B.)
| | - Simonetta Viviani
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.V.); (E.M.); (C.M.T.)
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.V.); (E.M.); (C.M.T.)
- VisMederi Srl, 53100 Siena, Italy; (F.D.); (A.M.)
- VisMederi Research Srl, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Claudia Maria Trombetta
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.V.); (E.M.); (C.M.T.)
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5
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Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Seroprevalence in Children and Factors Associated with Seroconversion: Results from a Multiple Time-Points Study in Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region, Italy. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9020246. [PMID: 35204966 PMCID: PMC8870333 DOI: 10.3390/children9020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Data on the effective burden of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the pediatric population are limited. We aimed at assessing the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in children at three subsequent time-points. The study was conducted between January 2021 and July 2021 among children referring to the Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health “Burlo Garofolo” in Trieste, a referral regional hospital in Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy. A multivariate analysis was conducted to assess factors independently associated with seroconversion. A total of 594 children were included. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 trimeric Spike protein IgG antibodies were found in 32 (15.4%) children tested in April-May and in 20 (11.8%) in June–July 2021, compared with 24 (11.1%) of those tested in January–February 2021 (p = 0.37, Armitage exact test for trend over time p = 0.76). A subgroup analysis and a multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed considering sociodemographic, clinical, and historical variables. Three categories of children showed statistically significant increased odds of positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies: children previously positive to a nasopharyngeal swab (AdjOR 15.41, 95%CI 3.44–69.04, p < 0.001), cohabitant with a person with an history of a previous positive nasopharyngeal swab (AdjOR 9.95, 95%CI 5.35–18.52, p < 0.001), and children with a foreign citizenship (AdjOR 2.4, 95%CI 1.05–5.70, p = 0.002). The study suggests that seroprevalence studies may be of limited help in estimating the prevalence of the COVID-19 pandemic in children. Further studies are needed to identify other markers of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection in children, such as CD4+ T cells or memory B-cells.
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Coppola A, Buonerba C, Cardinale D, Lo Conte G, Sansone D, Rofrano G, De Vita S, Morgante M, Triassi M, Atripaldi L, Brambilla G, Sabatino R, Pierri A, Pacella D, Pizzolante A, Pierri B, Ferrucci V, Zollo M, Capasso M, Stringhini S, Ascierto PA, Roperto S, Cerino P. Durability of Humoral Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Citizens of Ariano Irpino (Campania, Italy): A Longitudinal Observational Study With an 11.5-Month Follow-Up. Front Public Health 2022; 9:801609. [PMID: 34976939 PMCID: PMC8718636 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.801609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As of November 17, 2021, SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2), the causative agent of COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 19), has infected ~250 million people worldwide, causing around five million deaths. Titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies were relatively stable for at least 9 months in a population-based study conducted in Wuhan, China, both in symptomatic and in asymptomatic individuals. In the mass screening campaign conducted in the town of Ariano Irpino (Avellino, Italy) in May, 2020, 5.7% (95% CI: 5.3-6-1) of the 13,444 asymptomatic citizens screened were positive for anti-nucleocapsid antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Among these, 422 citizens were re-tested for anti SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in January, 2021 and/or in April, 2021 and enrolled in this longitudinal observational study. Median (interquartile range) age of the study cohort was 46 years (29–59), with 47 (11.1%) participants of minor age, while 217 (51.4%) participants were females. There was no evidence of re-infection in any of the subjects included. Presence of anti-nuclear antibodies antibodies (Elecysis, Roche) was reported in 95.7 and 93.7% of evaluable participants in January and April, 2021. Multiple logistic regression analysis used to explore associations between age, sex and seroprevalence showed that adults vs. minors had significantly lower odds of having anti-S1 antibodies (Biorad) both in January, 2021 and in April, 2021. Our findings showed that antibodies remained detectable at least 11.5 months after infection in >90% of never symptomatic cases. Further investigation is required to establish duration of immunity against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annachiara Coppola
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita' degli studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Buonerba
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | - Davide Cardinale
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | - Gabriella Lo Conte
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | - Donato Sansone
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rofrano
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | - Sabato De Vita
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | | | - Maria Triassi
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Gianfranco Brambilla
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Food Safety, Nutrition, and Veterinary Public Health Department, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Sabatino
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy.,Cotugno Hospital, AORN Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Pierri
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | - Daniela Pacella
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Pizzolante
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | - Biancamaria Pierri
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Silvia Stringhini
- Division and Department of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Antonio Ascierto
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy & Development Therapeutics, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Sante Roperto
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Cerino
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
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7
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Di Lorenzo G, Iervolino M, Primiano F, D'Ambrosio M, Ingenito C, Buonerba L, Busto G, Ferrara C, Libroia A, Ragone G, De Falco F, Costabile F, Fimiani P, Ugliano F, Ranieri C, Leo E, Roviello G, Scafuri L, Guerra G, Buonerba C. The Impact of Routine Molecular Screening for SARS-CoV-2 in Patients Receiving Anticancer Therapy: An Interim Analysis of the Observational COICA Study. Oncology 2021; 100:505-511. [PMID: 34839299 DOI: 10.1159/000521086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Cancer aggravates COVID-19 prognosis. Nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is particularly frequent in cancer patients, who need to attend hospitals regularly. Since March 2020, all cancer patients having access to the Oncology Unit at the "Andrea Tortora" Hospital (Pagani, Salerno - referred to as "the Hospital") as inpatients or outpatients receiving intravenous therapy have been screened for SARS-CoV-2 using RT-PCR nasal swab. The ongoing COICA (COVID-19 infection in cancer patients) study is an ambispective, multicenter, observational study designed to assess the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients. The aim of the study presented here was to explore potential differences in COVID-19-related outcomes among screening-detected versus nonscreening-detected SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. Methods: The COICA study enrolled cancer patients who had received any anticancer systemic therapy within 3 months since the day they tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on RT-PCR. The target accrual is 128 patients, and the study was approved by the competent Ethics Committee. Only the subgroup of patients enrolled at the Hospital was considered in this unplanned interim analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of screening-based versus nonscreening-based diagnosis. Results: Since March 15, 2020, until August 15, 2021, a total of 931 outpatients and 230 inpatients were repeatedly screened for SARS-CoV-2 using RT-PCR nasal swab at the Hospital. Among these, 71 asymptomatic patients were positive on routine screening and 5 patients were positive for SARS-CoV-2 outside the institutional screening. Seven patients died because of COVID-19. At univariate analysis, nonscreening- versus screening-detected SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with significantly higher odds of O2 therapy (OR = 16.2; 95% CI = 2.2-117.1; p = 0.006), hospital admission (OR = 31.5; 95% CI = 3.1-317.8; p = 0.003), admission to ICU (OR = 23.0; 95% CI = 2.4-223.8; p = 0.007), and death (OR = 8.8; 95% CI = 1.2-65.5; p = 0.034). Conclusion: Routine screening with RT-PCR may represent a feasible and effective strategy in reducing viral circulation and possibly COVID-19 mortality in patients with active cancer having repeated access to hospital facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Lorenzo
- Oncology Unit, "Andrea Tortora" Hospital, ASL Salerno, Pagani, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | | | | | - Maurizio D'Ambrosio
- Medical Directorate, DEA Nocera-Pagani-Scafati, ASL Salerno, Nocera Inferiore, Italy
| | - Concetta Ingenito
- Oncology Unit, "Andrea Tortora" Hospital, ASL Salerno, Pagani, Italy
| | - Luciana Buonerba
- Oncology Unit, "Andrea Tortora" Hospital, ASL Salerno, Pagani, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Busto
- Oncology Unit, "Andrea Tortora" Hospital, ASL Salerno, Pagani, Italy
| | - Claudia Ferrara
- Oncology Unit, "Andrea Tortora" Hospital, ASL Salerno, Pagani, Italy
| | - Annamaria Libroia
- Oncology Unit, "Andrea Tortora" Hospital, ASL Salerno, Pagani, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ragone
- Oncology Unit, "Andrea Tortora" Hospital, ASL Salerno, Pagani, Italy
| | | | | | - Pietro Fimiani
- Oncology Unit, "Andrea Tortora" Hospital, ASL Salerno, Pagani, Italy
| | - Francesco Ugliano
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Chiara Ranieri
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Emilio Leo
- Oncology Unit, "Andrea Tortora" Hospital, ASL Salerno, Pagani, Italy
| | | | - Luca Scafuri
- Oncology Unit, "Andrea Tortora" Hospital, ASL Salerno, Pagani, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Carlo Buonerba
- Oncology Unit, "Andrea Tortora" Hospital, ASL Salerno, Pagani, Italy
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Cerino P, Buonerba C, Brambilla G, Atripaldi L, Tafuro M, Concilio DD, Vassallo L, Conte GL, Cuomo MC, Maiello I, D'Auria J, Cardinale D, Viscardi M, Rofrano G, Gallo A, Brusco P, Pizzolante A, Cicalese V, Galdi P, Galdi L, Vita SD, Volzone P, Vuolo GD, Coppola A, Pierri B, Fusco G. No detection of SARS-CoV-2 in animals exposed to infected keepers: results of a COVID-19 surveillance program. Future Sci OA 2021; 7:FSO711. [PMID: 34254029 PMCID: PMC8056746 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, has rarely been associated with transmission from humans to animals (reverse zoonotic transmission). In this retrospective study, the authors reviewed data obtained from 236 animals, including buffaloes, goats/sheep, horses, carrier pigeons, rabbits, hens, snakes, pigs and cows that were screened for SARS-CoV-2 infection because they had been in contact with their SARS-CoV-2-positive breeder for at least 2 weeks. None of the tested animals were found to be positive. The authors' findings suggest that the risk of reverse zoonotic transmission among bred animals and SARS-CoV-2-positive breeders is very low or nonexistent. Additional studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pellegrino Cerino
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Carlo Buonerba
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Brambilla
- Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Food Safety, Nutrition, & Veterinary Public Health Department, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Luigi Atripaldi
- Cotugno Hospital, AORN Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Maria Tafuro
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Denise Di Concilio
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Lucia Vassallo
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Gabriella Lo Conte
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Cuomo
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Ivana Maiello
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Jacopo D'Auria
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Davide Cardinale
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Maurizio Viscardi
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rofrano
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Alfonso Gallo
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Pasquale Brusco
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Antonio Pizzolante
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Vittorio Cicalese
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Pio Galdi
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Lydia Galdi
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Sabato De Vita
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Palmiero Volzone
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Gabriele Di Vuolo
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Annachiara Coppola
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita’ degli studi della Campania ‘L. Vanvitelli’, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Biancamaria Pierri
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery & Dentistry (Scuola Medica Salernitana), University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081, Italy
| | - Giovanna Fusco
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Naples, 80055, Italy
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9
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McCulloch DJ, Jackson ML, Hughes JP, Lester S, Mills L, Freeman B, Rasheed MAU, Thornburg NJ, Chu HY. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Seattle, Washington: October 2019-April 2020. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252235. [PMID: 34043706 PMCID: PMC8158900 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first US case of SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected on January 20, 2020. However, some serology studies suggest SARS-CoV-2 may have been present in the United States prior to that, as early as December 2019. The extent of domestic COVID-19 detection prior to 2020 has not been well-characterized. OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody among healthcare users in the greater Seattle, Washington area from October 2019 through early April 2020. STUDY DESIGN We tested residual samples from 766 Seattle-area adults for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies utilizing an ELISA against prefusion-stabilized Spike (S) protein. RESULTS No antibody-positive samples were found between October 2, 2019 and March 13, 2020. Prevalence rose to 1.2% in late March and early April 2020. CONCLUSIONS The absence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody-positive samples in October 2019 through mid-March, 2020, provides evidence against widespread circulation of COVID-19 among healthcare users in the Seattle area during that time. A small proportion of this metropolitan-area cohort had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 by spring of 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise J. McCulloch
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Michael L. Jackson
- Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - James P. Hughes
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Sandra Lester
- Synergy America, Inc., Duluth, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lisa Mills
- Eagle Global Scientific, LLC, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Brandi Freeman
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | | | - Natalie J. Thornburg
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Helen Y. Chu
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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10
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Caturano V, Manti B, Carbone F, Lasorsa VA, Colicchio R, Capasso M, Leonardi A, Matarese G, Russo T, Salvatore P. Estimating asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in a geographic area of low disease incidence. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:350. [PMID: 33853532 PMCID: PMC8046491 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06054-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The SARS-CoV-2 infection has emerged as a rapidly spreading infection. Today it is relatively easy to isolate Covid-19 symptomatic cases, while remains problematic to control the disease spread by infected but symptom-free individuals. The control of this possible path of contagion requires drastic measures of social distancing, which imply the suspension of most activities and generate economic and social issues. This study is aimed at estimating the percentage of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in a geographic area with relatively low incidence of Covid-19. Methods Blood serum samples from 388 healthy volunteers were analyzed for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG by using an ELISA assay based on recombinant viral nucleocapsid protein. Results We found that 7 out of 388 healthy volunteers, who declared no symptoms of Covid-19, like fever, cough, fatigue etc., in the preceding 5 months, have bona fide serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, that is 1.8% of the asymptomatic population (95% confidence interval: 0.69–2.91%). Conclusions The estimated range of asymptomatic individuals with anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG should be between 26,565 and 112, 350. In the same geographic area, there are 4665 symptomatic diagnosed cases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06054-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Caturano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Manti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Fortunata Carbone
- Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Vito Alessandro Lasorsa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Colicchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Capasso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.,Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Tommaso Russo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Paola Salvatore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. .,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy.
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