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Ge C, Wang S, Wu X, Lei L. Quercetin attenuates brain apoptosis in mice with chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression. Behav Brain Res 2024; 465:114934. [PMID: 38432303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common psychiatric disorder with limited effective treatments. Research suggests that depression involves apoptosis mechanisms. Quercetin (QUE) has been reported to have anti-apoptotic activities. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of QUE in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression. METHODS After establishing mouse models of CUMS-induced depression, the mice were randomly assigned into four groups: control, CUMS, CUMS+QUE, and CUMS+Fluoxetine (FLX). The body weight of the mice was measured during the study. Then, depression-associated behaviors were evaluated using the sucrose preference test (SPT), novelty suppressed feeding test (NSFT), forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). Apoptosis in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex was determined using flow cytometry. Bcl-2 and Nrf2 protein expressions in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were also detected. Furthermore, Western blot was used to measure the protein levels of p-ERK, ERK, p-CREB, CREB, and Nrf2 in brain tissues. RESULTS QUE or FLX administration increased the body weight of the CUMS mice. Behavioral tests indicated that CUMS mice developed a state of depression, but QUE or FLX treatment improved their depression-associated behaviors. Meanwhile, QUE or FLX treatment decreased apoptosis in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, the decreased Nrf2 protein expression, ERK and CREB phosphorylation in CUMS group were enhanced by QUE or FLX administration. CONCLUSION QUE could attenuate brain apoptosis in mice with CUMS-induced depression, and the mechanism may be related to the ERK/Nrf2 pathway, indicating that QUE could be a potential treatment for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjie Ge
- Department of Psychiatric, HuZhou Third Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, China
| | - Shiliang Wang
- Department of Psychiatric, HuZhou Third Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, China
| | - Xuqi Wu
- Quality Management Division, HuZhou Third Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, China
| | - Lilei Lei
- Department of Psychiatric, HuZhou Third Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, China.
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2
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Sun J, Du Q, Zhao L, Huang J, Yu H, Ding H, Mao D, Tai S. Long non-coding RNA H19 mediates the miR-29b/transforming growth factor-β1/Drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic 3 signalling pathway to promote bladder fibrosis in diabetic rats. Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-03992-z. [PMID: 38530583 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-03992-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetic bladder fibrosis is a common comorbidity. Altered expression of some long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) has been associated with bladder fibrosis. LncRNA H19 has been reported to regulate bladder cancer through miR-29b. However, the action mechanism of LncRNA H19 in bladder fibrosis is unclear. METHODS In vitro, human bladder smooth muscle cells (HBSMCs) were cultured with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) for 48 h to construct cell model of bladder fibrosis. HBSMCs were then transfected with si-LncRNA H19, si-NC, miR-29b-mimic, mimic-NC, or miR-29b-inhibitor. In vivo, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were given a high-sucrose-high-fat (HSHF) diet for 4 weeks and injected with streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg) to induce bladder fibrosis model in diabetic rats, followed by injection of lentiviral particles knocking down LncRNA H19 expression, empty vector, or miR-29b-inhibitor, respectively. RESULTS LncRNA H19 was up-regulated in TGF-β1-induced HBSMC fibrosis and STZ-induced diabetic rat bladder fibrosis, whereas miR-29b was down-regulated. si-LncRNA H19 reduced blood glucose levels and improved histopathological damage of bladder tissue in rats. In addition, si-LncRNA H19 or miR-29b-mimic increased the expression of E-cadherin, but decreased the expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, fibronectin (FN) in bladder tissues, and HBSMCs. si-LncRNA H19 reduced TGF-β1/p-drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic 3 (Smad3) protein in HBSMCs and in rat bladder tissues, while miR-29b-inhibitor reversed the effect of si-LncRNA H19. CONCLUSION This study indicated that LncRNA H19 may inhibit bladder fibrosis in diabetic rats by targeting miR-29b via the TGF-β1/Smad3 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sun
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 728 North Yucai Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 311202, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Du
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311202, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liwei Zhao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 728 North Yucai Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 311202, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaguo Huang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 728 North Yucai Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 311202, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 728 North Yucai Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 311202, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongxiang Ding
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 728 North Yucai Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 311202, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dikai Mao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 728 North Yucai Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 311202, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengcheng Tai
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 728 North Yucai Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 311202, Zhejiang, China.
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Liu HM, Cheng MY, Xun MH, Zhao ZW, Zhang Y, Tang W, Cheng J, Ni J, Wang W. Possible Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress-Induced Skin Cellular Senescence, Inflammation, and Cancer and the Therapeutic Potential of Plant Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043755. [PMID: 36835162 PMCID: PMC9962998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
As the greatest defense organ of the body, the skin is exposed to endogenous and external stressors that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). When the antioxidant system of the body fails to eliminate ROS, oxidative stress is initiated, which results in skin cellular senescence, inflammation, and cancer. Two main possible mechanisms underlie oxidative stress-induced skin cellular senescence, inflammation, and cancer. One mechanism is that ROS directly degrade biological macromolecules, including proteins, DNA, and lipids, that are essential for cell metabolism, survival, and genetics. Another one is that ROS mediate signaling pathways, such as MAPK, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB, Nrf2, and SIRT1/FOXO, affecting cytokine release and enzyme expression. As natural antioxidants, plant polyphenols are safe and exhibit a therapeutic potential. We here discuss in detail the therapeutic potential of selected polyphenolic compounds and outline relevant molecular targets. Polyphenols selected here for study according to their structural classification include curcumin, catechins, resveratrol, quercetin, ellagic acid, and procyanidins. Finally, the latest delivery of plant polyphenols to the skin (taking curcumin as an example) and the current status of clinical research are summarized, providing a theoretical foundation for future clinical research and the generation of new pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Liu
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
- Engineering Research Center of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Ming-Yan Cheng
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Meng-Han Xun
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhao
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Wei Tang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jia Ni
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
- Engineering Research Center of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201418, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18918830550
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Improvement of Therapeutic Value of Quercetin with Chitosan Nanoparticle Delivery Systems and Potential Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043293. [PMID: 36834702 PMCID: PMC9959398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews recent studies investigating chitosan nanoparticles as drug delivery systems for quercetin. The therapeutic properties of quercetin include antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-cancer potential, but its therapeutic value is limited by its hydrophobic nature, low bioavailability and fast metabolism. Quercetin may also act synergistically with other stronger drugs for specific disease states. The encapsulation of quercetin in nanoparticles may increase its therapeutic value. Chitosan nanoparticles are a popular candidate in preliminary research, but the complex nature of chitosan makes standardisation difficult. Recent studies have used in-vitro, and in-vivo experiments to study the delivery of quercetin alone or in combination with another active pharmaceutical ingredient encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles. These studies were compared with the administration of non-encapsulated quercetin formulation. Results suggest that encapsulated nanoparticle formulations are better. In-vivo or animal models simulated the type of disease required to be treated. The types of diseases were breast, lung, liver and colon cancers, mechanical and UVB-induced skin damage, cataracts and general oxidative stress. The reviewed studies included various routes of administration: oral, intravenous and transdermal routes. Although toxicity tests were often included, it is believed that the toxicity of loaded nanoparticles needs to be further researched, especially when not orally administered.
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Quercetin nano phytosome: as a novel anti-leishmania and anti-malarial natural product. J Parasit Dis 2023; 47:257-264. [PMID: 36685738 PMCID: PMC9838256 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-022-01561-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease that affects several populations worldwide with the clinical manifestations in skin, mucous membranes, and internal organs and there are not any effective and available vaccines and conventional treatments are highly toxic. Quercetin is a kind of flavonoid with different biological effects including free radical scavenging and anti-microbial activity and this study is aimed to assess the anti-leishmania and anti-malarial effects of quercetin loaded phytosome and quercetin alone. In this experimental study, the in vitro activity of above drugs were measured using microscopically examinations and for evaluation the anti-leishmanial efficacy, the size of lesions were measured. Moreover the cytotoxicity of the treatments was evaluated on WI38 and J774 cell lines. Our results indicated that quercetin loaded phytosome and quercetin alone have acceptable anti-parasitic activity mostly at concentration of 400 µg/ml on both P. falciparium and L. major. The results of cytotoxicity revealed that the mentioned drugs have no effects on human cell lines and also have no hemolytic activity. The drug of choice for the treatment of leishmaniasis, in addition to killing the parasite, should not have a toxic effect on human cells and our results indicated that quercetin can be a valuable candidate for treatment of different kinds of leishmaniasis.
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In vitro digestibility of Aucklandia costus-loaded nanophytosomes and their use in yoghurt as a food model. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abbasalipour H, Hajizadeh Moghaddam A, Ranjbar M. Sumac and gallic acid-loaded nanophytosomes ameliorate hippocampal oxidative stress via regulation of Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in autistic rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23035. [PMID: 35307911 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders cover a range of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impairments in social interaction and cognitive deficits. Phenolic compound applications have been restricted due to their poor solubility, bioavailability, and low stability. This paper aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects of sumac and gallic acid-loaded nanophytosomes (GNP) on oxidative stress-induced cognitive impairment and Nrf2/Keap1 gene expression in the autism model. Valproic acid (VPA) was administered intraperitoneally at doses of 500 mg/kg to female rats during gestational 12.5 days (E12.5). The prenatal VPA-exposed rats were divided into five groups, including VPA, VPA treated with sumac, gallic acid (GA), sumac-loaded nanophytosome (SNP), and GNP at doses of 20 mg/kg for 4 weeks (n = 6). A novel object test was conducted and antioxidant parameters and Nrf2/Keap1gene expression were evaluated in the hippocampus. According to the obtained results, the rat model of autism exhibited recognition memory impairment. We observed an increase in glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GRx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) enzyme activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and glutathione (GSH) levels. Furthermore, sumac and GNP improved recognition memory deficits and increased GPx, GRx, SOD, and CAT activities, GSH and TAC levels, and Nrf2/Keap1gene expression in the hippocampal area. Our results also suggested that SNP and GNP ameliorate VPA-induced learning and memory deficits more efficiently than sumac extract and pure GA by reducing oxidative stress, enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, and Keap1/Nrf2 gene expression. The present study demonstrated that the utilization of SNP and GNP significantly improved recognition memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haniyeh Abbasalipour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | | | - Mojtaba Ranjbar
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
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8
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Tripathi N, Verma S, Vyas M, Yadav NS, Gain S, Khatik GL. Nanoformulations of quercetin: a potential phytochemical for the treatment of uv radiation induced skin damages. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902020000118744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Surajpal Verma
- Lovely Professional University, India; Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research University, India
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9
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Susilawati Y, Chaerunisa AY, Purwaningsih H. Phytosome drug delivery system for natural cosmeceutical compounds: Whitening agent and skin antioxidant agent. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2021; 12:327-334. [PMID: 34820305 PMCID: PMC8588919 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_100_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have been used as traditional medicine since ancient times for treating the diseases, metabolite active compounds from plants have excellent bioactivity, and pharmacological properties from plants are used as skin whitening agent and antioxidant in multiple mechanisms of action. However, these compounds have physicochemical limitations in terms of its poor solubility and penetration into the cells membrane. Phytosome drug delivery system can be the primary choice to improve the physicochemical properties, which allows increasing the effectiveness. This review aimed to summarize and discuss the phytosome formulations of potential active compounds as skin whitening agent and skin antioxidant, which obtained from Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. We assessed that the main purpose of these phytosome formulations was to improve penetration, stability, and solubility of the active compounds. These studies proved that phytosome formulations can improve the physicochemical characteristics and effectiveness of compounds. The phytosome drug delivery system becomes a promising modification technique for natural compounds due to the ability to improve the physicochemical properties and increase the effectiveness. Phytosome formulation could be the excellent approach for cosmeceutical product with good effectivity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmiwar Susilawati
- Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Anis Yohana Chaerunisa
- Pharmaceutical and Technology Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Hesti Purwaningsih
- Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
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Barani M, Sangiovanni E, Angarano M, Rajizadeh MA, Mehrabani M, Piazza S, Gangadharappa HV, Pardakhty A, Mehrbani M, Dell’Agli M, Nematollahi MH. Phytosomes as Innovative Delivery Systems for Phytochemicals: A Comprehensive Review of Literature. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6983-7022. [PMID: 34703224 PMCID: PMC8527653 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s318416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, medicinal herbs and their phytochemicals have emerged as a great therapeutic option for many disorders. However, poor bioavailability and selectivity might limit their clinical application. Therefore, bioavailability is considered a notable challenge to improve bio-efficacy in transporting dietary phytochemicals. Different methods have been proposed for generating effective carrier systems to enhance the bioavailability of phytochemicals. Among them, nano-vesicles have been introduced as promising candidates for the delivery of insoluble phytochemicals. Due to the easy preparation of the bilayer vesicles and their adaptability, they have been widely used and approved by the scientific literature. The first part of the review is focused on introducing phytosome technology as well as its applications, with emphasis on principles of formulations and characterization. The second part provides a wide overview of biological activities of commercial and non-commercial phytosomes, divided by systems and related pathologies. These results confirm the greater effectiveness of phytosomes, both in terms of biological activity or reduced dosage, highlighting curcumin and silymarin as the most formulated compounds. Finally, we describe the promising clinical and experimental findings regarding the applications of phytosomes. The conclusion of this study encourages the researchers to transfer their knowledge from laboratories to market, for a further development of these products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Barani
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 76169-13555, Iran
| | - Enrico Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Marco Angarano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | | | - Mehrnaz Mehrabani
- Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Stefano Piazza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | | | - Abbas Pardakhty
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Mehrbani
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mario Dell’Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Alharbi WS, Almughem FA, Almehmady AM, Jarallah SJ, Alsharif WK, Alzahrani NM, Alshehri AA. Phytosomes as an Emerging Nanotechnology Platform for the Topical Delivery of Bioactive Phytochemicals. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091475. [PMID: 34575551 PMCID: PMC8465302 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of phytosome nanotechnology has a potential impact in the field of drug delivery and could revolutionize the current state of topical bioactive phytochemicals delivery. The main challenge facing the translation of the therapeutic activity of phytochemicals to a clinical setting is the extremely low absorption rate and poor penetration across biological barriers (i.e., the skin). Phytosomes as lipid-based nanocarriers play a crucial function in the enhancement of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of herbal-originated polyphenolic compounds, and make this nanotechnology a promising tool for the development of new topical formulations. The implementation of this nanosized delivery system could enhance the penetration of phytochemicals across biological barriers due to their unique physiochemical characteristics, improving their bioavailability. In this review, we provide an outlook on the current knowledge of the biological barriers of phytoconstituents topical applications. The great potential of the emerging nanotechnology in the delivery of bioactive phytochemicals is reviewed, with particular focus on phytosomes as an innovative lipid-based nanocarrier. Additionally, we compared phytosomes with liposomes as the gold standard of lipid-based nanocarriers for the topical delivery of phytochemicals. Finally, the advantages of phytosomes in topical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed S. Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Fahad A. Almughem
- National Centre for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.); (S.J.J.); (W.K.A.); (N.M.A.)
| | - Alshaimaa M. Almehmady
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Somayah J. Jarallah
- National Centre for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.); (S.J.J.); (W.K.A.); (N.M.A.)
| | - Wijdan K. Alsharif
- National Centre for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.); (S.J.J.); (W.K.A.); (N.M.A.)
| | - Nouf M. Alzahrani
- National Centre for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.); (S.J.J.); (W.K.A.); (N.M.A.)
| | - Abdullah A. Alshehri
- National Centre for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.); (S.J.J.); (W.K.A.); (N.M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-509-896-863
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Salvioni L, Morelli L, Ochoa E, Labra M, Fiandra L, Palugan L, Prosperi D, Colombo M. The emerging role of nanotechnology in skincare. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 293:102437. [PMID: 34023566 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of cosmetic products is rapidly evolving in our society, with their use increasingly seen as an essential contribution to personal wellness. This suggests the necessity of a detailed elucidation of the use of nanoparticles (NPs) in cosmetics. The aim of the present work is to offer a critical and comprehensive review discussing the impact of exploiting nanomaterials in advanced cosmetic formulations, emphasizing the beneficial effects of their extensive use in next-generation products despite a persisting prejudice around the application of nanotechnology in cosmetics. The discussion here includes an interpretation of the data underlying generic information reported on the product labels of formulations already available in the marketplace, information that often lacks details identifying specific components of the product, especially when nanomaterials are employed. The emphasis of this review is mainly focused on skincare because it is believed to be the cosmetics market sector in which the impact of nanotechnology is being seen most significantly. To date, nanotechnology has been demonstrated to improve the performance of cosmetics in a number of different ways: 1) increasing both the entrapment efficiency and dermal penetration of the active ingredient, 2) controlling drug release, 3) enhancing physical stability, 4) improving moisturizing power, and 5) providing better UV protection. Specific attention is paid to the effect of nanoparticles contained in semisolid formulations on skin penetration issues. In light of the emerging concerns about nanoparticle toxicity, an entire section has been devoted to listing detailed examples of nanocosmetic products for which safety has been investigated.
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Sahu RK, Aboulthana WM, Mehta DK. Phyto-Phospholipid Complexation as a Novel Drug Delivery System for Management of Cancer with Better Bioavailability: Current Perspectives and Future Prospects. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:1403-1412. [PMID: 33176666 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620999201110191741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the foremost cause of death, and it supports the need for the identification of novel anticancer drugs to improve the efficacy of current-therapy. While the synthetic anticancer drug is associated with numerous side effects. Hence the plant active or phytoconstituents are in high demand for the treatment of cancer due to minimum side effects. But the polar nature of phytoconstituents hindered the absorption of the drug and lowered the therapeutic efficacy. The plant activity incorporated into Phyto-phospholipid Complexation can enhance bioavailability and improved therapeutic efficacy. In this review article, advantages, limitation and application of Phyto-phospholipid complexes have been illustrated. The article highlights the application of Phyto-phospholipid complexes as a promising drug carrier system to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram K Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam University (A Central University), Silchar, Assam, 788011, India
| | - Wael M Aboulthana
- Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dinesh K Mehta
- MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be) University, Mullana-Ambala (HR), 133207, India
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Utilizing Liposomal Quercetin and Gallic Acid in Localized Treatment of Vaginal Candida Infections. Pharmaceutics 2019; 12:pharmaceutics12010009. [PMID: 31861805 PMCID: PMC7023398 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a widely spread fungal infection that causes itching, pain and inflammation at the vaginal site. Although common, currently available treatment suffers from limited efficacy and high recurrence. In addition, the growing problem of resistance to azole drugs used in current treatments emphasizes the need for superior treatment options. Antimicrobial polyphenols are an attractive approach offering multitargeting therapy. We aimed to develop novel liposomes for simultaneous delivery of two polyphenols (quercetin, Q, and gallic acid, GA) that, when released within the vaginal cavity, act in synergy to eradicate infection while alleviating the symptoms of VVC. Q was selected for its anti-itching and anti-inflammatory properties, while GA for its reported activity against Candida. Novel liposomes containing only Q (LP-Q), only GA (LP-GA) or both polyphenols (LP-Q+GA) were in the size range around 200 nm. Q was efficiently entrapped in both LP-Q and in LP-Q+GA (85%) while the entrapment of GA was higher in LP-Q+GA (30%) than in LP-GA (25%). Liposomes, especially LP-Q+GA, promoted sustained release of both polyphenols. Q and GA acted in synergy, increasing the antioxidant activities of a single polyphenol. Polyphenol-liposomes were not cytotoxic and displayed stronger anti-inflammatory effects than free polyphenols. Finally, LP-GA and LP-Q+GA considerably reduced C. albicans growth.
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15
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Nanotechnological breakthroughs in the development of topical phytocompounds-based formulations. Int J Pharm 2019; 572:118787. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Hu S, Dugall M, Hosoi M, Ledda A, Feragalli B, Maione C, Cotellese R. Supplementary prevention and management of asthma with quercetin phytosome: a pilot registry. Minerva Med 2019; 110:524-529. [PMID: 31578841 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.19.06319-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In association with standard management, natural pharmaceutical standard (PS) supplements may play an important role in managing and preventing mild-to-moderate symptoms of asthma, a significant health issue that impacts patients and the healthcare system. Quercetin is a natural flavonoid with important biological properties (anti-inflammatory, antihistamine and anti-oxidative actions). METHODS In this pilot registry, we evaluated the effects of quercetin formulated with the Phytosome® delivery system (Quercefit™, QFit)+standard management (SM) in otherwise healthy subjects with mild-moderate asthmatic attacks and rhinitis. Subjects used either QFit 1 or 2 tabs/day in association with SM or SM only (control group). After 30 days of management, we evaluated the presence of the main signs/symptoms of asthma according to the GINA classification system also considering the need of rescue medication, nasal drops, the use of inhalers, the rhinitis score and oxidative stress. RESULTS QFit+SM showed superior results compared with SM alone in controlling, preventing and reducing daily and night symptoms, in maintaining higher peak expiratory flow (PEF) and in decreasing PEF variability. The supplementary use of QFit improved additional measures of asthma management, decreasing the use of inhalers, nasal drops, rescue medications and improving the rhinitis score. QFit produced a significantly more evident reduction in oxidative stress compared with SM; Qfit showed a very good safety profile. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary supplement, concept registry shows a potential protective and preventive effect of quercetin on attacks frequency and in controlling the most common signs/symptoms of asthma in the milder cases of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Cesarone
- IRVINE3 Labs, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gianni Belcaro
- IRVINE3 Labs, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy -
| | - Shu Hu
- IRVINE3 Labs, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mark Dugall
- IRVINE3 Labs, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Morio Hosoi
- IRVINE3 Labs, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Ledda
- IRVINE3 Labs, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Beatrice Feragalli
- IRVINE3 Labs, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudia Maione
- IRVINE3 Labs, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberto Cotellese
- IRVINE3 Labs, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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17
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Che DN, Cho BO, Shin JY, Kang HJ, Kim JS, Oh H, Kim YS, Jang SI. Apigenin Inhibits IL-31 Cytokine in Human Mast Cell and Mouse Skin Tissues. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071290. [PMID: 30987029 PMCID: PMC6479805 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-31 is a recently discovered cytokine that is produced not only in T-cells but also in mast cells. It is strongly implicated to play a key role in inflammatory diseases and in the pathogenesis of itch in atopic dermatitis. Apigenin, a flavonoid of plant origin has numerous biological applications. In this study, we showed that apigenin modulates IL-31 mRNA, protein expression, and release in stimulated human mast (HMC-1) by inhibiting the phosphorylation activation of MAPK and NF-κB. To determine whether apigenin has similar effects in vivo, using Compound 48/80, we developed an atopic dermatitis itch model in mice and found an increase in IL-31 expression in the skin. We also revealed that apigenin prevents the infiltration and degranulation of mast cells and suppressed mRNA and protein expression of IL-31 in the skin of mice. These results provide a new suggestion of the potential applicability of apigenin for treatment of various inflammatory diseases and itch mediated by IL-31.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Nchang Che
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea.
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 55069, Korea.
| | - Byoung Ok Cho
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 55069, Korea.
- Research Institute, Ato Q&A Co., Ltd., Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54840, Korea.
| | - Jae Young Shin
- Research Institute, Ato Q&A Co., Ltd., Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54840, Korea.
| | - Hyun Ju Kang
- Research Institute, Ato Q&A Co., Ltd., Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54840, Korea.
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 55069, Korea.
| | - Hyeonhwa Oh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea.
| | - Young-Soo Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea.
| | - Seon Il Jang
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 55069, Korea.
- Research Institute, Ato Q&A Co., Ltd., Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54840, Korea.
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18
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Riva A, Corti A, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Vinciguerra G, Feragalli B, Zuccarini M, Eggenhoffner R, Giacomelli L. Interaction study between antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, diabetic therapy and a novel delivery form of quercetin. Minerva Cardioangiol 2018; 67:79-83. [PMID: 30226032 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4725.18.04795-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this pilot non-interference clinical study we evaluated possible interactions between Quercetin Phytosome® (Quercefit™), an innovative delivery form of quercetin, and antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, and anti-diabetic therapy in otherwise healthy subjects. METHODS Interaction with antiplatelet therapy was assessed through the bleeding time (BT) test in 30 patients treated with acetylsalicylic acid, ticlopidine or clopidogrel before and after 10 days of supplementation with Quercetin Phytosome®. Interaction with anticoagulants was evaluated by measuring the International Normalized Ratio (INR) in 20 patients using warfarin or dabigatran before and after 20 days of supplementation with Quercetin Phytosome®. Lastly, glycaemia and glycated hemoglobin were measured in 12 diabetic patients treated with metformin and restricted diet before and after 20 days of supplementation with Quercetin Phytosome®. RESULTS After 10 days of supplementation no significant difference was observed in mean BT in patients treated with acetylsalicylic acid, ticlopidine or clopidogrel at standard dosages. Similarly, after 20 days of supplementation, the INR level among patients assuming warfarin or dabigatran was not statistically different from baseline. Lastly, no statistically significant difference in mean levels of glycaemia and glycated hemoglobin was reported before and after 20 days of complementary administration of Quercetin Phytosome® in diabetic patients treated with metformin and restricted diet. CONCLUSIONS Quercetin Phytosome® does not alter the antiplatelet activity of the most common antiplatelet agents, has no impact on the INR values in stable patients treated with warfarin or dabigatran, and does not influence the metabolic control of diabetic patient treated with metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gianni Belcaro
- IRVINE3 Vascular Lab, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti-Pescara University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria R Cesarone
- IRVINE3 Vascular Lab, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti-Pescara University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mark Dugall
- IRVINE3 Vascular Lab, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti-Pescara University, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Beatrice Feragalli
- IRVINE3 Vascular Lab, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti-Pescara University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Zuccarini
- IRVINE3 Vascular Lab, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti-Pescara University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberto Eggenhoffner
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Giacomelli
- Polistudium SRL, Milan, Italy - .,Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Burmańczuk A, Hola P, Milczak A, Piech T, Kowalski C, Wojciechowska B, Grabowski T. Quercetin decrease somatic cells count in mastitis of dairy cows. Res Vet Sci 2018; 117:255-259. [PMID: 29331686 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin is a dietary flavonoid which has an effect on inflammation, angiogenesis and vascular inflammation. In several other flavonoids (e.g. kaempferol, astragalin, alpinetin, baicalein, indirubin), anti-inflammatory mechanism was proven by using mice mastitis model. The aim of the current study was pilot analysis of quercetin tolerability and its impact on somatic cells count (SCC) after multiple intramammary treatment on dairy cows with clinical mastitis. Based on SCC and clinical investigation, 9 dairy cows with clinical mastitis of one quarter were selected for the pilot study. Baseline analysis (hematology, TNFα, SCC) was performed every 24h among all cows three days before the first dose (B1-B3). After the baseline monitoring (B1-B3) eight days treatment (D1-D8) was performed with a high and low dose. Selected blood parameters were analyzed. Starting from D1 to D8, a decrease of SCC in relation to baseline was characterized by declining trend. The presented results allowed the confirmation of the significant influence of quercetin on the reduction of SCC in mastitis in dairy cows after 8days of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Burmańczuk
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Piotr Hola
- Agromarina Sp. z o. o., Kulczyn Kolonia 48, 22-235 Hańsk Pierwszy, Poland
| | - Andrzej Milczak
- Department and Clinic of Animal Internal Diseases, Sub-Department of Companion Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Głęboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Piech
- Department and Clinic of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Science, Głęboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Cezary Kowalski
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
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Abstract
In the present scenario, consumers are searching for personal care products that supply multiple benefits with minimal efforts. The outcome has been the introduction of nanotechnology-based cosmetic products that are safe to use and results driven. Some topical cosmetics can act efficaciously when they reach their target sites present in the deeper layers of the skin. The main problem with delivering active ingredients across the skin is the barrier function of the skin. Therefore, to get the maximum benefit from cosmetic products and to overcome the problems associated with their skin penetration, scientists are investigating various strategies to overcome these barrier properties. Vesicular carriers have been claimed to improve the topical delivery of active ingredients. This review offers a brief overview of current approaches in the research and development of vesicular carriers to improve the delivery and performance of active ingredients present in the cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Lohani
- a IFTM University , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Delhi Road, Moradabad, Moradabad , India
| | - Anurag Verma
- a IFTM University , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Delhi Road, Moradabad, Moradabad , India
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21
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Montes de Oca MK, Pearlman RL, McClees SF, Strickland R, Afaq F. Phytochemicals for the Prevention of Photocarcinogenesis. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:956-974. [PMID: 28063168 DOI: 10.1111/php.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) exposure has an array of damaging effects and is the main cause of skin cancer in humans. Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), including basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, is the most common type of cancer. Incidence of NMSC has increased due to greater UV radiation, increased life expectancy and other changes in lifestyle; the annual cost of skin cancer treatment in the United States has increased concurrently to around eight billion dollars. Because of these trends, novel approaches to skin cancer prevention have become an important area of research to decrease skin cancer morbidity and defray the costs associated with treatment. Chemoprevention aims to prevent or delay the development of skin cancer through the use of phytochemicals. Use of phytochemicals as chemopreventive agents has gained attention due to their low toxicity and anticarcinogenic properties. Phytochemicals also exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects which support their use as chemopreventive agents, particularly for skin cancer. Preclinical and human studies have shown that phytochemicals decrease UV-induced skin damage and photocarcinogenesis. In this review article, we discuss the selected phytochemicals that may prevent or delay UV-induced carcinogenesis and highlight their potential use for skin protection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ross L Pearlman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Sarah F McClees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Rebecca Strickland
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Farrukh Afaq
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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