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Hu G, Che P, Deng L, Liu L, Liao J, Liu Q. MiR-378a-5p exerts a radiosensitizing effect on CRC through LRP8/β-catenin axis. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2308165. [PMID: 38389136 PMCID: PMC10896128 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2308165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiRNAs are closely related to tumor radiosensitivity. MiR-378a-5p level is down-regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, this study intends to explore the role of miR-378a-5p in CRC, especially radiosensitivity. METHODS The expression of miR-378a-5p was analyzed in CRC samples. CRC cell lines were treated with different doses of X-rays. Bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expressions and binding relationship of miR-378a-5p and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8 (LRP8). MiR-378a-5p inhibitor or/and siLRP8 were transfected into CRC cells with or without irradiation. Subsequently, clonogenic assay, flow cytometry and in vivo experiments including tumorigenesis assay, immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR and Western blot were performed to clarify the role of miR-378a-5p/LRP8 axis in the radiosensitivity of CRC. RESULTS The down-regulated expression of miR-378a-5p in CRC is related to histological differentiation and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage. After irradiation, the survival fraction of CRC cells was decreased, while the apoptotic rate and the level of miR-378a-5p were increased. Restrained miR-378a-5p repressed apoptosis and apoptosis-related protein expressions, yet promoted the proliferation and the radioresistance of cells by regulating β-catenin in CRC cells. LRP8 was highly expressed in CRC, and targeted by miR-378a-5p. SiLRP8 improved radiosensitivity and reversed the effect of miR-378a-5p down-regulation on CRC cells. Overexpressed miR-378a-5p and irradiation enhanced the level of miR-378a-5p, yet suppressed the expressions of Ki67 and LRP8 as well as tumorigenesis. CONCLUSION MiR-378a-5p may exert a radiosensitizing effect on CRC through the LRP8/β-catenin axis, which may be a new therapeutic target for CRC radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Pengbiao Che
- Department of Ultrasound, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Ling Deng
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Jia Liao
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China
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Ruano J, Gómez M, Romero E, Manzanera A. Leveraging a realistic synthetic database to learn Shape-from-Shading for estimating the colon depth in colonoscopy images. Comput Med Imaging Graph 2024; 115:102390. [PMID: 38714018 DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2024.102390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Colonoscopy is the choice procedure to diagnose, screening, and treat the colon and rectum cancer, from early detection of small precancerous lesions (polyps), to confirmation of malign masses. However, the high variability of the organ appearance and the complex shape of both the colon wall and structures of interest make this exploration difficult. Learned visuospatial and perceptual abilities mitigate technical limitations in clinical practice by proper estimation of the intestinal depth. This work introduces a novel methodology to estimate colon depth maps in single frames from monocular colonoscopy videos. The generated depth map is inferred from the shading variation of the colon wall with respect to the light source, as learned from a realistic synthetic database. Briefly, a classic convolutional neural network architecture is trained from scratch to estimate the depth map, improving sharp depth estimations in haustral folds and polyps by a custom loss function that minimizes the estimation error in edges and curvatures. The network was trained by a custom synthetic colonoscopy database herein constructed and released, composed of 248400 frames (47 videos), with depth annotations at the level of pixels. This collection comprehends 5 subsets of videos with progressively higher levels of visual complexity. Evaluation of the depth estimation with the synthetic database reached a threshold accuracy of 95.65%, and a mean-RMSE of 0.451cm, while a qualitative assessment with a real database showed consistent depth estimations, visually evaluated by the expert gastroenterologist coauthoring this paper. Finally, the method achieved competitive performance with respect to another state-of-the-art method using a public synthetic database and comparable results in a set of images with other five state-of-the-art methods. Additionally, three-dimensional reconstructions demonstrated useful approximations of the gastrointestinal tract geometry. Code for reproducing the reported results and the dataset are available at https://github.com/Cimalab-unal/ColonDepthEstimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué Ruano
- Computer Imaging and Medical Applications Laboratory (CIM@LAB), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 111321, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Martín Gómez
- Unidad de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario Nacional, 111321, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Eduardo Romero
- Computer Imaging and Medical Applications Laboratory (CIM@LAB), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 111321, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Antoine Manzanera
- Unité d'Informatique et d'Ingénierie des Systémes (U2IS), ENSTA Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, 91762, Ile de France, France
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Kazmi I, Afzal M, Almalki WH, S RJ, Alzarea SI, Kumar A, Sinha A, Kukreti N, Ali H, Abida. From oncogenes to tumor suppressors: The dual role of ncRNAs in fibrosarcoma. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155329. [PMID: 38692083 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosarcoma is a challenging cancer originating from fibrous tissues, marked by aggressive growth and limited treatment options. The discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), has opened new pathways for understanding and treating this malignancy. These ncRNAs play crucial roles in gene regulation, cellular processes, and the tumor microenvironment. This review aims to explore the impact of ncRNAs on fibrosarcoma's pathogenesis, progression, and resistance to treatment, focusing on their mechanistic roles and therapeutic potential. A comprehensive review of literature from databases like PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted, focusing on the dysregulation of ncRNAs in fibrosarcoma, their contribution to tumor growth, metastasis, drug resistance, and their cellular pathway interactions. NcRNAs significantly influence fibrosarcoma, affecting cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and angiogenesis. Their function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors makes them promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Understanding their interaction with the tumor microenvironment is essential for developing more effective treatments for fibrosarcoma. Targeting ncRNAs emerges as a promising strategy for fibrosarcoma therapy, offering hope to overcome the shortcomings of existing treatments. Further investigation is needed to clarify specific ncRNAs' roles in fibrosarcoma and to develop ncRNA-based therapies, highlighting the significance of ncRNAs in improving patient outcomes in this challenging cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Renuka Jyothi S
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Aashna Sinha
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Division of Research and Innovation Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Department of Pharmacology, Kyrgyz State Medical College, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Abida
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
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Tan Y, Jiang X, Ding X, Wei Z, Song Z, Chen S, Yang P, Zhao D, Wu S, Li Y. Early life exposure to Chinese famine and risk of digestive system cancer in midlife. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:751-761. [PMID: 38346286 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
To investigate whether early-life exposure to the Great Famine of 1959-1961 in China was associated with the risk of digestive system cancer. The prospective cohort study involved 17 997 participants from the Kailuan Study (Tangshan, China) that began in 2006. All participants were divided into three groups based on their date of birth. The unexposed group (born from 1 October 1962 to 30 September 1964), fetal-exposed group (born from 1 October 1959 to 30 December 1961), and early-childhood-exposed group (born from 1 October 1956 to 30 December 1958). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the association between early famine exposure and digestive system cancer. During the mean follow-up period of (10.4 ± 2.2) years, a total of 223 digestive system cancer events occurred. Including 54 cases in the unexposed group (62.14/100 000 person-years), 57 cases in the fetal-exposed group (114.8/100 000 person-years), and 112 cases in the early-childhood-exposure group (122.2/100 000 person-years). After adjusting covariates, compared with the unexposed group, the HR and 95% CI were 1.85 (1.28, 2.69) for participants in the fetal-exposed group and 1.92 (1.38, 2.66) for participants in the early-childhood-exposed group. No interactions were observed in our study. After classifying digestive system cancers, the HR and 95% CI were 2.02 (1.03, 3.97) for colorectal cancer for participants in the fetal-exposed group and 2.55 (1.43, 4.55) for participants in the early-childhood-exposed group. The HR and 95% CI were (1.13, 3.83) of liver cancer for participants in the fetal-exposed group and 1.15 (0.63, 2.10) for participants in the early-childhood-exposed group. Early-life famine exposure was associated with a higher risk of digestive system cancer in adulthood. Fetal-exposed individuals might increase the risk of colorectal cancer and liver cancer, and early childhood-exposed might increase the risk of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Tan
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiaozhong Jiang
- Digestive Department, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiong Ding
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhihao Wei
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zongshuang Song
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Yun Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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Huang Z, Hu X, Wei Y, Lai Y, Qi J, Pang J, Huang K, Li H, Cai P. ADAMTSL2 is a potential prognostic biomarker and immunotherapeutic target for colorectal cancer: Bioinformatic analysis and experimental verification. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303909. [PMID: 38814950 PMCID: PMC11139340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The ADAMTS Like 2 (ADAMTSL2) mutation has been identified to be associated with different human genetic diseases. The role of ADAMTSL2 is unclear in colorectal cancer (CRC). The study investigated the expression of ADAMTSL2 in both pan cancer and CRC, using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to assess its diagnostic value. The study examined the correlation between ADAMTSL2 expression levels and clinical characteristics, as well as prognosis in CRC. The study explored potential regulatory networks involving ADAMTSL2, including its association with immune infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, tumor mutational burden (TMB) / microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor stemness index (mRNAsi), and drug sensitivity in CRC. ADAMTSL2 expression was validated using GSE71187 and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). ADAMTSL2 was aberrantly expressed in pan cancer and CRC. An increased level of ADAMTSL2 expression in patients with CRC was significantly associated with the pathologic N stage (p < 0.001), pathologic stage (p < 0.001), age (p < 0.001), histological type (p < 0.001), and neoplasm type (p = 0.001). The high expression of ADAMTSL2 in patients with CRC was found to be significantly associated with a poorer overall survival (OS) (HR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.18-2.38; p = 0.004), progression-free survival (PFS) (HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.14-2.11; p = 0.005) and disease-specific survival (DSS) (HR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.16-2.89; p = 0.010). The expression of ADAMTSL2 in patients with CRC (p = 0.009) was identified as an independent prognostic determinant. ADAMTSL2 was associated with extracellular matrix receptor (ECM-receptor) interaction, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway, and more. ADAMTSL2 expression was correlated with immune infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, TMB / MSI and mRNAsi in CRC. ADAMTSL2 expression was significantly and negatively correlated with 1-BET-762, Trametinib, and WZ3105 in CRC. ADAMTSL2 was significantly upregulated in CRC cell lines. The high expression of ADAMTSL2 is significantly correlated with lower OS and immune infiltration of CRC. ADAMTSL2 may be a potential prognostic biomarker and immunotherapeutic target for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Huang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Hu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiqiu Wei
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yousheng Lai
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaming Qi
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinglin Pang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Kang Huang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Huagui Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Pengzhu Cai
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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6
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Li M, Gong Y, Pang Y, Wu M, Gu K, Wang Y, Guo Y. A novel colorectal cancer screening framework with feature interpretability to identify high-risk populations for colonoscopy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024. [PMID: 38744680 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Risk assessment is of paramount importance for the detection and treatment of colorectal cancer. We developed and validated a feature interpretability screening framework to identify high-risk populations and recommend colonoscopy for them. METHODS We utilized a training cohort consisting of 1 252 605 participants who underwent colonoscopies in Shanghai from 2013 to 2015 to develop the screening framework. We incorporated Shapley additive explanation values into feature selection to provide interpretability for the framework. Two sampling methods were separately employed to mitigate potential model bias caused by class imbalance. Furthermore, we employed various machine learning algorithms to construct risk assessment models and compared their performance. We tested the screening models on an external validation cohort of 359 462 samples and conducted comprehensive evaluation and statistical analysis of the validation results. RESULTS The external validation results demonstrated that the models in the proposed framework achieved sensitivity over 0.734, specificity over 0.790, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranging from 0.808 to 0.859. In the predictions of the best-performing model, the prevalence rates of colorectal cancer were 0.059% and 1.056% in the low- and high-risk groups, respectively. If colonoscopies were performed only on the high-risk group predicted by the model, only 14.36% of total colonoscopies would be needed to detect 74.86% of colorectal cancer cases. CONCLUSIONS We developed and validated a novel framework to identify populations at high risk for colorectal cancer. Those classified as high risk should undergo colonoscopy for further diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshan Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangming Gong
- Divison of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Pang
- Divison of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyin Wu
- Divison of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Gu
- Divison of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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7
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Zheng J, Jin H, Tu Y. Differences in circulating lymphocyte subpopulations among patients with inflammatory polyps, colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer. Arab J Gastroenterol 2024; 25:129-134. [PMID: 38413325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Colorectal cancer (CRC) may develop from focal changes within benign or precancerous polyps. The immune system's failure to detect and eradicate tumor cells due to immune surveillance evasion, allows cancer to develop and spread. This study aims to analyze the differences in circulating lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with colorectal inflammatory polyps, colorectal adenomas and CRC. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients from September 2016 to December 2019 at the Shaoxing Second Hospital. Using flow cytometry, the subset distribution and immunophenotype of T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells and NK cells were investigated in peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples. The counts of lymphocytes were determined by white blood cell counts. RESULTS In total, 518 patients were included in this study. The counts of lymphocytes, T cells and NK cells in patients with inflammatory polyps, colorectal adenomas and CRC were lower than controls. The counts and percentages of CD8+ T cells in patients with inflammatory polyps, colorectal adenomas and CRC were lower than controls. The counts of CD4+ T cells were lower in patients with CRC than inflammatory polyps. The percentages of CD4+ T cells in patients with inflammatory polyps, colorectal adenomas and CRC were higher than controls, but lower in the CRC than inflammatory polyps, colorectal adenomas. The counts and percentages of B cells were lower in CRC patients than colorectal adenomas patients. In addition, the percentages of B cells were higher in patients with inflammatory polyps and colorectal adenomas than in controls. CONCLUSIONS The decrease in counts of lymphocyte, T cells, CD8+ T cells and NK cells in patients may be related to the dysplasia of epithelial cells. Furthermore, the B cells and CD4+ T cells may be related to the malignant growth of the dysplastic epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialai Zheng
- Departments of Molecular Medicine, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Haiyong Jin
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongtao Tu
- Departments of Molecular Medicine, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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Naser AN, Xing T, Tatum R, Lu Q, Boyer PJ, Chen YH. Colonic crypt stem cell functions are controlled by tight junction protein claudin-7 through Notch/Hippo signaling. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2024; 1535:92-108. [PMID: 38598500 PMCID: PMC11111361 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The tight junction protein claudin-7 is essential for tight junction function and intestinal homeostasis. Cldn7 deletion in mice leads to an inflammatory bowel disease-like phenotype exhibiting severe intestinal epithelial damage, weight loss, inflammation, mucosal ulcerations, and epithelial hyperplasia. Claudin-7 has also been shown to be involved in cancer metastasis and invasion. Here, we test our hypothesis that claudin-7 plays an important role in regulating colonic intestinal stem cell function. Conditional knockout of Cldn7 in the colon led to impaired epithelial cell differentiation, hyperproliferative epithelium, a decrease in active stem cells, and dramatically altered gene expression profiles. In 3D colonoid culture, claudin-7-deficient crypts were unable to survive and form spheroids, emphasizing the importance of claudin-7 in stem cell survival. Inhibition of the Hippo pathway or activation of Notch signaling partially rescued the defective stem cell behavior. Concurrent Notch activation and Hippo inhibition resulted in restored colonoid survival, growth, and differentiation to the level comparable to those of wild-type derived crypts. In this study, we highlight the essential role of claudin-7 in regulating Notch and Hippo signaling-dependent colonic stem cell functions, including survival, self-renewal, and differentiation. These new findings may shed light on potential avenues to explore for drug development in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna N. Naser
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Tiaosi Xing
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Neural and Behavioral Science Department, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rodney Tatum
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Qun Lu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Philip J. Boyer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yan-Hua Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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9
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Och A, Lemieszek MK, Cieśla M, Jedrejek D, Kozłowska A, Pawelec S, Nowak R. Berberis vulgaris L. Root Extract as a Multi-Target Chemopreventive Agent against Colon Cancer Causing Apoptosis in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4786. [PMID: 38732003 PMCID: PMC11084310 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Berberis vulgaris L. (Berberidaceae) is a shrub that has been widely used in European folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent. The purpose of our study was to elucidate the mechanisms of the chemopreventive action of the plant's methanolic root extract (BVR) against colon cancer cells. Studies were conducted in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines (LS180 and HT-29) and control colon epithelial CCD841 CoN cells. According to the MTT assay, after 48 h of cell exposure, the IC50 values were as follows: 4.3, 46.1, and 50.2 µg/mL for the LS180, HT-29, and CCD841 CoN cells, respectively, showing the greater sensitivity of the cancer cells to BVR. The Cell Death Detection ELISAPLUS kit demonstrated that BVR induced programmed cell death only against HT-29 cells. Nuclear double staining revealed the great proapoptotic BVR properties in HT-29 cells and subtle effect in LS180 cells. RT-qPCR with the relative quantification method showed significant changes in the expression of genes related to apoptosis in both the LS180 and HT-29 cells. The genes BCL2L1 (126.86-421.43%), BCL2L2 (240-286.02%), CASP3 (177.19-247.83%), and CASP9 (157.99-243.75%) had a significantly elevated expression, while BCL2 (25-52.03%) had a reduced expression compared to the untreated control. Furthermore, in a panel of antioxidant tests, BVR showed positive effects (63.93 ± 0.01, 122.92 ± 0.01, and 220.29 ± 0.02 mg Trolox equivalents (TE)/g in the DPPH•, ABTS•+, and ORAC assays, respectively). In the lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition test, BVR revealed 62.60 ± 0.87% of enzyme inhibition. The chemical composition of BVR was determined using a UHPLC-UV-CAD-MS/MS analysis and confirmed the presence of several known alkaloids, including berberine, as well as other alkaloids and two derivatives of hydroxycinnamic acid (ferulic and sinapic acid hexosides). The results are very promising and encourage the use of BVR as a comprehensive chemopreventive agent (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and pro-apoptotic) in colorectal cancer, and were widely discussed alongside data from the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Och
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | | | - Marek Cieśla
- College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Jedrejek
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Rsearch Institute, Czartoryskich 8 Street, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (D.J.); (S.P.)
| | - Aleksandra Kozłowska
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 13 Radziwiłłowska St., 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Sylwia Pawelec
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Rsearch Institute, Czartoryskich 8 Street, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; (D.J.); (S.P.)
| | - Renata Nowak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Niu CG, Zhang J, Rao AV, Joshi U, Okolo P. Comparative effectiveness of immunotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer stratified by microsatellite instability status. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:540-547. [PMID: 38689622 PMCID: PMC11056865 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i4.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy have demonstrated promising outcomes in patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI) (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer. However, the comparative effectiveness of Immunotherapy and chemotherapy for patients with low MSI (MSI-L), and microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer remains unclear. AIM To investigate immunotherapy vs chemotherapy for treatment of MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer, and to evaluate the success of immunotherapy against chemotherapy in managing MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer during a follow-up of 50 months. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to evaluate the overall survival (OS) of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with immunotherapy or chemotherapy. The study population was stratified by MSI status (MSI-H, MSI-L, and MSS). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between treatment modality and OS, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 21951 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were included in the analysis, of which 2358 were MSI-H, and 19593 were MSI-L/MSS. In the MSI-H cohort, immunotherapy treatment (n = 142) was associated with a significantly improved median OS compared to chemotherapy (n = 860). After adjusting for potential confounders, immunotherapy treatment remained significantly associated with better OS in the MSI-H cohort [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.57, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.43-0.77, P < 0.001]. In the MSS cohort, no significant difference in median OS was observed between immunotherapy treatment and chemotherapy (aHR: 0.94, 95%CI: 0.69-1.29, P = 0.715). CONCLUSION In this population-based study using the NCDB, immunotherapy treatment was associated with significantly improved OS compared to chemotherapy in patients with MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer, but not in those with MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer. Further studies are warranted to determine the optimal therapeutic approach for patients with MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Gu Niu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY 14621, United States
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Rainier Springs, Vancouver, WA 98663, United States
| | - Aniket-Vijay Rao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY 14621, United States
| | - Utsav Joshi
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33606, United States
| | - Patrick Okolo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY 14621, United States
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11
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Leong W, Guo JQ, Ning C, Luo FF, Jiao R, Yang DY. Should we perform sigmoidoscopy for colorectal cancer screening in people under 45 years? World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1248-1255. [PMID: 38660667 PMCID: PMC11037058 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The strategy for preventing colorectal cancer is screening by colonoscopy, which offers a direct way for detection and removal of adenomatous polyps (APs). American College of Gastroenterology guidelines recommend that people aged ≥ 45 years should undergo colonoscopy; however, how to deal with people aged ≤ 45 years is still unknown. AIM To compare the prevalence of APs and high-grade neoplasia between the left and right colon in patients ≤ 45 years. METHODS A retrospective observational study was conducted at a single tertiary III hospital in China. This study included patients aged 18-45 years with undergoing initial colonoscopy dissection and pathological diagnosis AP or high-grade neoplasia between February 2014 and January 2021. The number of APs in the entire colon while screening and post-polypectomy surveillance in following 1-3 years were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 3053 cases were included. The prevalence of APs in the left and right colon was 55.0% and 41.6%, respectively (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.6-2.4; P < 0.05). For APs with high-grade neoplasia, the prevalence was 2.7% and 0.9%, respectively (OR 3.0, 95%CI 2.0-4.6; P < 0.05). Therefore, the prevalence of APs and high-grade neoplasia in the left colon was significantly higher than in the right colon in patients aged ≤ 45 years. There were 327 patients who voluntarily participated in post-polypectomy surveillance in following 1-3 years, and APs were found in 216 cases (66.1%); 170 cases had 1-3 polyps (52.0%) and 46 cases had > 3 polyps (14.1%; OR 0.3, 95%CI 0.1-0.6; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study suggests that flexible sigmoidoscopy would be an optimal approach for initial screening in people aged ≤ 45 years and would be a more cost-effective and safe strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waiian Leong
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Accident & Emergency, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jia-Qi Guo
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chun Ning
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fei-Fei Luo
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rui Jiao
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dong-Ye Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
- Endoscopy Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
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12
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Sun M, Yue Y, Wang X, Feng H, Qin Y, Chen M, Wang Y, Yan S. ALKBH5-mediated upregulation of CPT1A promotes macrophage fatty acid metabolism and M2 macrophage polarization, facilitating malignant progression of colorectal cancer. Exp Cell Res 2024; 437:113994. [PMID: 38479704 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
m6A modification has been studied in tumors, but its role in host anti-tumor immune response and TAMs polarization remains unclear. The fatty acid oxidation (FAO) process of TAMs is also attracting attention. A co-culture model of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and macrophages was used to simulate the tumor microenvironment. Expression changes of m6A demethylase genes FTO and ALKBH5 were screened. ALKBH5 was further investigated. Gain-of-function experiments were conducted to study ALKBH5's effects on macrophage M2 polarization, CRC cell viability, proliferation, migration, and more. Me-RIP and Actinomycin D assays were performed to study ALKBH5's influence on CPT1A, the FAO rate-limiting enzyme. AMP, ADP, and ATP content detection, OCR measurement, and ECAR measurement were used to explore ALKBH5's impact on macrophage FAO level. Rescue experiments validated ALKBH5's mechanistic role in macrophage M2 polarization and CRC malignant development. In co-culture, CRC cells enhance macrophage FAO and suppress m6A modification in M2 macrophages. ALKBH5 was selected as the gene for further investigation. ALKBH5 mediates CPT1A upregulation by removing m6A modification, promoting M2 macrophage polarization and facilitating CRC development. These findings indicate that ALKBH5 enhances fatty acid metabolism and M2 polarization of macrophages by upregulating CPT1A, thereby promoting CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Sun
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinzi Yue
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huayi Feng
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengyao Chen
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuai Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Soares J, Eiras M, Ferreira D, Santos DAR, Relvas-Santos M, Santos B, Gonçalves M, Ferreira E, Vieira R, Afonso LP, Santos LL, Dinis-Ribeiro M, Lima L, Ferreira JA. Stool Glycoproteomics Signatures of Pre-Cancerous Lesions and Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3722. [PMID: 38612533 PMCID: PMC11012158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening relies primarily on stool analysis to identify occult blood. However, its sensitivity for detecting precancerous lesions is limited, requiring the development of new tools to improve CRC screening. Carcinogenesis involves significant alterations in mucosal epithelium glycocalyx that decisively contribute to disease progression. Building on this knowledge, we examined patient series comprehending premalignant lesions, colorectal tumors, and healthy controls for the T-antigen-a short-chain O-glycosylation of proteins considered a surrogate marker of malignancy in multiple solid cancers. We found the T-antigen in the secretions of dysplastic lesions as well as in cancer. In CRC, T-antigen expression was associated with the presence of distant metastases. In parallel, we analyzed a broad number of stools from individuals who underwent colonoscopy, which showed high T expressions in high-grade dysplasia and carcinomas. Employing mass spectrometry-based lectin-affinity enrichment, we identified a total of 262 proteins, 67% of which potentially exhibited altered glycosylation patterns associated with cancer and advanced pre-cancerous lesions. Also, we found that the stool (glyco)proteome of pre-cancerous lesions is enriched for protein species involved in key biological processes linked to humoral and innate immune responses. This study offers a thorough analysis of the stool glycoproteome, laying the groundwork for harnessing glycosylation alterations to improve non-invasive cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Soares
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (M.E.); (D.F.); (D.A.R.S.); (M.R.-S.); (B.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (L.P.A.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariana Eiras
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (M.E.); (D.F.); (D.A.R.S.); (M.R.-S.); (B.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (L.P.A.); (L.L.S.)
| | - Dylan Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (M.E.); (D.F.); (D.A.R.S.); (M.R.-S.); (B.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (L.P.A.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela A. R. Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (M.E.); (D.F.); (D.A.R.S.); (M.R.-S.); (B.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (L.P.A.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine (FMUP), University of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Marta Relvas-Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (M.E.); (D.F.); (D.A.R.S.); (M.R.-S.); (B.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (L.P.A.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (M.E.); (D.F.); (D.A.R.S.); (M.R.-S.); (B.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (L.P.A.); (L.L.S.)
| | - Martina Gonçalves
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (M.E.); (D.F.); (D.A.R.S.); (M.R.-S.); (B.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (L.P.A.); (L.L.S.)
| | - Eduardo Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (M.E.); (D.F.); (D.A.R.S.); (M.R.-S.); (B.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (L.P.A.); (L.L.S.)
| | - Renata Vieira
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Luís Pedro Afonso
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (M.E.); (D.F.); (D.A.R.S.); (M.R.-S.); (B.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (L.P.A.); (L.L.S.)
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (M.E.); (D.F.); (D.A.R.S.); (M.R.-S.); (B.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (L.P.A.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- FF-I3ID, University Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- GlycoMatters Biotech, 4500-162 Espinho, Portugal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Dinis-Ribeiro
- Faculty of Medicine (FMUP), University of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Precancerous Lesions and Early Cancer Management Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), Rise@CI-IPOP (Health Research Group), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (M.E.); (D.F.); (D.A.R.S.); (M.R.-S.); (B.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (L.P.A.); (L.L.S.)
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.); (M.E.); (D.F.); (D.A.R.S.); (M.R.-S.); (B.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (L.P.A.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- GlycoMatters Biotech, 4500-162 Espinho, Portugal
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14
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Kovačević IN, Vujović A, Stanišić M, Vuković-Leković J, Lansdorp-Vogelaar I, Mlakar DN, Senore C, Józwiak-Hagymásy J, Széles G, Vokó Z, Csanádi M. Roadmap to improve the organized cancer screening programs - The case of colorectal cancer screening in Montenegro. J Cancer Policy 2024; 39:100464. [PMID: 38104712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2023.100464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implementation of organized cancer screening programs comes with many challenges and barriers, which may inhibit the achievement of the screening activities' desired benefits. In this paper we outline a plan for improving the colorectal cancer (CRC) screening system in Montenegro. METHODS We formulated a roadmap, which was generally defined as a country-specific strategic plan to improve cancer screening programs. The roadmap development was an iterative, step-by-step process. First, we described the current screening program, then identified and described key barriers, and finally proposed actions to overcome them. Multiple sources of information (e.g., documents, expert opinions) were collected and processed by local and international stakeholders. RESULTS The CRC screening program was implemented between 2013-2019 by gradually increasing the invitation of the target population. Key barriers of the implementation were defined: 1) Lack of colonoscopy capacity in the northern part of the country; 2) Inadequate information technology systems; 3) Inadequate public promotion of screening. The defined actions were related to overcoming lack of available resources (e.g., financial, human and technological), to improve the policy environment and the knowledge, and to facilitate information sharing. CONCLUSION The collaboration between local stakeholders of CRC screening and researchers experienced in planning and evaluating screening programs resulted in the first comprehensive description of CRC screening in Montenegro, detailed understanding of key barriers that emerged during implementation and a carefully designed list of actions. The implementation of these actions and the evaluation of whether barriers were solved will be captured in the upcoming period by maintaining this collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Carlo Senore
- Epidemiology and screening Unit - CPO, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Zoltán Vokó
- Syreon Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary; Center for Health Technology Assessment, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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15
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Lee KC, Chung KC, Chen HH, Cheng KC, Wu KL, Song LC. Potential beneficial effects of long-term aspirin use on the prevalence of colorectal cancer: a population-based study of the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Cancer Causes Control 2024; 35:477-486. [PMID: 37855925 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-023-01803-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Whether long-term aspirin usage is associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk needs more evidence. The study evaluated the association between long-term aspirin use and prevalence of CRC in a large, nationally representative database. METHODS Hospitalized patients aged ≥ 50 years during 2018 were identified in the United States (US) National Inpatient Sample (NIS). Patients without complete information of age, sex, race, income, and insurance status were excluded, as well as those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or malignancies other than CRC. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance the characteristics between patients with and without long-term aspirin use. Logistic regressions were performed to determine the relationship between long-term aspirin use and the presence of CRC. CRC and aspirin use were identified through the administrative International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. RESULTS Data from 3,490,226 patients were included, in which 688,018 (19.7%) had a record of long-term aspirin use. After 1:1 PSM, there remained 1,376,006 patients, representing 6,880,029 individuals in the US after weighting. After adjusting for confounders, long-term aspirin use was significantly associated with lower CRC odds (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62, 0.67). This association was not changed when stratified by age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), and smoking. CONCLUSIONS From a national inpatient dataset, US adults ≥ 50 years on long-term aspirin are less likely to have CRC, regardless of age, sex, race, BMI, and smoking status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Chao Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chih Chung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Hong-Hwa Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Chuan Cheng
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Lin Wu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Chiao Song
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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16
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Kasagga A, Hawrami C, Ricci E, Hailu KT, Salib K, Savithri Nandeesha S, Hamid P. Gut Microbiota and Colorectal Cancer: An Umbrella Review of Methodological Trends and Clinical Correlations. Cureus 2024; 16:e54210. [PMID: 38496101 PMCID: PMC10942869 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In this umbrella review, we analyze the effect of gut microbiota on the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), a global health challenge. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, we searched multiple databases for the most relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses from 2000 to 2023. We identified 20 articles that met our inclusion criteria. The findings include the identification of specific microbiota markers, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, for potential early diagnosis and improvement of disease treatment. This thorough study not only establishes the connection between microbiota and CRC but also provides valuable knowledge for future research in developing microbiome-centered treatments and preventive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alousious Kasagga
- Pathology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Chnoor Hawrami
- Pediatric Surgery, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Erica Ricci
- Anesthesiology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Kirubel T Hailu
- Internal medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
- Internal Medicine, Afet Speciality Clinic, Addis Ababa, ETH
| | - Korlos Salib
- Internal Medicine, St Mary El zaytoun, Cairo, EGY
| | - Sanath Savithri Nandeesha
- Internal Medicine, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli, IND
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Pousette Hamid
- Neurology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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17
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Abdellatif AAH, Alshubrumi AS, Younis MA. Targeted Nanoparticles: the Smart Way for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:23. [PMID: 38267656 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02734-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a widespread cancer that starts in the digestive tract. It is the third most common cause of cancer deaths around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates an expected death toll of over 1 million cases annually. The limited therapeutic options as well as the drawbacks of the existing therapies necessitate the development of non-classic treatment approaches. Nanotechnology has led the evolution of valuable drug delivery systems thanks to their ability to control drug release and precisely target a wide variety of cancers. This has also been extended to the treatment of CRC. Herein, we shed light on the pertinent research that has been performed on the potential applications of nanoparticles in the treatment of CRC. The various types of nanoparticles in addition to their properties, applications, targeting approaches, merits, and demerits are discussed. Furthermore, innovative therapies for CRC, including gene therapies and immunotherapies, are also highlighted. Eventually, the research gaps, the clinical potential of such delivery systems, and a future outlook on their development are inspired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A H Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, 51452, Buraydah, Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | | | - Mahmoud A Younis
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
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Wierzbicki J, Bednarz-Misa I, Lewandowski Ł, Lipiński A, Kłopot A, Neubauer K, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins (MIPs) Contribute to Malignant Potential of Colorectal Polyps and Modulate Likelihood of Cancerization Associated with Standard Risk Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1383. [PMID: 38338661 PMCID: PMC10855842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Better understanding of molecular changes leading to neoplastic transformation is prerequisite to optimize risk assessment and chemopreventive and surveillance strategies. Data on macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIPs) in colorectal carcinogenesis are scanty and their clinical relevance remains unknown. Therefore, transcript and protein expression of CCL3, CCL4, CXCL2, and CCL19 were determined in 173 and 62 patients, respectively, using RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry with reference to polyps' characteristics. The likelihood of malignancy was modeled using probit regression. With the increasing malignancy potential of hyperplastic-tubular-tubulo-villous-villous polyps, the expression of CCL3, CCL4, and CCL19 in lesions decreased. CCL19 expression decreased also in normal mucosa while that of CXCL2 increased. Likewise, lesion CCL3 and lesion and normal mucosa CCL19 decreased and normal CXCL2 increased along the hyperplasia-low-high dysplasia grade. The bigger the lesion, the lower CCL3 and higher CXCL2 in normal mucosa. Singular polyps had higher CCL3, CCL4, and CCL19 levels in normal mucosa. CCL3, CCL4 and CXCL2 modulated the likelihood of malignancy associated with traditional risk factors. There was no correlation between the protein and mRNA expression of CCL3 and CCL19. In summary, the polyp-adjacent mucosa contributes to gaining potential for malignancy by polyps. MIPs may help in specifying cancerization probability estimated based on standard risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Wierzbicki
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery and Proctology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Iwona Bednarz-Misa
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (Ł.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Łukasz Lewandowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (Ł.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Artur Lipiński
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Kłopot
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (Ł.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Neubauer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (Ł.L.); (A.K.)
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19
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Housini M, Dariya B, Ahmed N, Stevens A, Fiadjoe H, Nagaraju GP, Basha R. Colorectal cancer: Genetic alterations, novel biomarkers, current therapeutic strategies and clinical trials. Gene 2024; 892:147857. [PMID: 37783294 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly detected cancer with a serious global health issue. The rates for incidence and mortality for CRC are alarming, especially since the prognosis is abysmal when the CRC is diagnosed at an advanced or metastatic stage. Both type of (modifiable/ non-modifiable) types of risk factors are established for CRC. Despite the advances in recent technology and sophisticated research, the survival rate is still meager due to delays in diagnosis. Therefore, there is urgently required to identify critical biomarkers aiming at early diagnosis and improving effective therapeutic strategies. Additionally, a complete understanding of the dysregulated pathways like PI3K/Akt, Notch, and Wnt associated with CRC progression and metastasis is very beneficial in designing a therapeutic regimen. This review article focused on the dysregulated signaling pathways, genetics and epigenetics alterations, and crucial biomarkers of CRC. This review also provided the list of clinical trials targeting signaling cascades and therapies involving small molecules. This review discusses up-to-date information on novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies alongside specific clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Housini
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Begum Dariya
- Center for Drug Design, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 5545, United States
| | - Nadia Ahmed
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Alyssa Stevens
- Missouri Southern State University, Joplin, MO 64801, United States
| | - Hope Fiadjoe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States.
| | - Riyaz Basha
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States.
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Ahmad A, Tiwari RK, Siddiqui S, Chadha M, Shukla R, Srivastava V. Emerging trends in gastrointestinal cancers: Targeting developmental pathways in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 385:41-99. [PMID: 38663962 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal carcinomas are a group of cancers associated with the digestive system and its accessory organs. The most prevalent cancers related to the gastrointestinal tract are colorectal, gall bladder, gastric, hepatocellular, and esophageal cancers, respectively. Molecular aberrations in different signaling pathways, such as signal transduction systems or developmental pathways are the chief triggering mechanisms in different cancers Though a massive advancement in diagnostic and therapeutic interventions results in improved survival of patients with gastrointestinal cancer; the lower malignancy stages of these carcinomas are comparatively asymptomatic. Various gastrointestinal-related cancers are detected at advanced stages, leading to deplorable prognoses and increased rates of recurrence. Recent molecular studies have elucidated the imperative roles of several signaling pathways, namely Wnt, Hedgehog, and Notch signaling pathways, play in the progression, therapeutic responsiveness, and metastasis of gastrointestinal-related cancers. This book chapter gives an interesting update on recent findings on the involvement of developmental signaling pathways their mechanistic insight in gastrointestinalcancer. Subsequently, evidences supporting the exploration of gastrointestinal cancer related molecular mechanisms have also been discussed for developing novel therapeutic strategies against these debilitating carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afza Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Clinical Research, Sharda School of Allied Health Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saleha Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
| | - Muskan Chadha
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sharda School of Allied Health Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ratnakar Shukla
- Department of Clinical Research, Sharda School of Allied Health Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Sharda School of Basic Sciences & Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Lu S, Sun X, Tang H, Yu J, Wang B, Xiao R, Qu J, Sun F, Deng Z, Li C, Yang P, Yang Z, Rao B. Colorectal cancer with low SLC35A3 is associated with immune infiltrates and poor prognosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:329. [PMID: 38172565 PMCID: PMC10764849 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-51028-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The expression level of SLC35A3 is associated with the prognosis of many cancers, but its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) is unclear. The purpose of our study was to elucidate the role of SLC35A3 in CRC. The expression levels of SLC35A3 in CRC were evaluated through tumor immune resource assessment (TIMER), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), Human Protein Atlas (HPA), qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemical evaluation. TCGA, GEO, and ICGC databases were used to analyze the diagnostic and prognostic value of SLC35A3 in CRC. A overall survival (OS) model was constructed and validated based on the expression level of SLC35A3 and multivariable analysis results. The cBioPortal tool was used to analyze SLC35A3 mutation in CRC. The UALCAN tool was used to analyze the promoter methylation level of SLC35A3 in colorectal cancer. In addition, the role of SLC35A3 in CRC was determined through GO analysis, KEGG analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), immune infiltration analysis, and immune checkpoint correlation analysis. In vitro experiments validated the function of SLC35A3 in colorectal cancer cells. Compared with adjacent normal tissues and colonic epithelial cells, the expression of SLC35A3 was decreased in CRC tissues and CRC cell lines. Low expression of SLC35A3 was associated with N stage, pathological stage, and lymphatic infiltration, and it was unfavorable for OS, disease-specific survival (DSS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and post-progression survival (PPS). According to the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, SLC35A3 is a potential important diagnostic biomarker for CRC patients. The nomograph based on the expression level of SLC35A3 showed a better predictive model for OS than single prognostic factors and TNM staging. SLC35A3 has multiple types of mutations in CRC, and its promoter methylation level is significantly decreased. GO and KEGG analysis indicated that SLC35A3 may be involved in transmembrane transport protein activity, cell communication, and interaction with neurotransmitter receptors. GSEA revealed that SLC35A3 may be involved in energy metabolism, DNA repair, and cancer pathways. In addition, SLC35A3 was closely related to immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the positive correlation between SLC35A3 and helper T cell infiltration. In vitro experiments showed that overexpression of SLC35A3 inhibited the proliferation and invasion capability of colorectal cancer cells and promoted apoptosis. The results of this study indicate that decreased expression of SLC35A3 is closely associated with poor prognosis and immune cell infiltration in colorectal cancer, and it can serve as a promising independent prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Foods for Special Medical Purpose (FSMP) for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xibo Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Huazhen Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Foods for Special Medical Purpose (FSMP) for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Jinxuan Yu
- Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical College, Zibo, 255020, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Foods for Special Medical Purpose (FSMP) for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Ruixue Xiao
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010100, China
| | - Jinxiu Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Foods for Special Medical Purpose (FSMP) for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Fang Sun
- The Fifth Medical Center of the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army of China, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Zhuoya Deng
- The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Cong Li
- The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Penghui Yang
- The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100000, China.
| | - Zhenpeng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Benqiang Rao
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Foods for Special Medical Purpose (FSMP) for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China.
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Zhang P, Wu Z, Zhou T, Yang D, Mu Q, Zhang W, Yu L, Zhang S, Hu Y, Mu J, Jia W. Autoantibody repertoire profiling in tissue and blood identifies colorectal cancer-specific biomarkers. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:83-93. [PMID: 37985391 PMCID: PMC10823280 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies (AAbs) in the blood of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have been evaluated for tumor detection. However, it remains uncertain whether these AAbs are specific to tumor-associated antigens. In this study, we explored the IgG and IgM autoantibody repertoires in both the in situ tissue microenvironment and peripheral blood as potential tumor-specific biomarkers. We applied high-density protein arrays to profile AAbs in the tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte supernatants and corresponding serum from four patients with CRC, as well as in the serum of three noncancer controls. Our findings revealed that there were more reactive IgM AAbs than IgG in both the cell supernatant and corresponding serum, with a difference of approximately 3-5 times. Immunoglobulin G was predominant in the serum, while IgM was more abundant in the cell supernatant. We identified a range of AAbs present in both the supernatant and the corresponding serum, numbering between 432 and 780, with an average of 53.3% shared. Only 4.7% (n = 23) and 0.2% (n = 2) of reactive antigens for IgG and IgM AAbs, respectively, were specific to CRC. Ultimately, we compiled a list of 19 IgG AAb targets as potential tumor-specific AAb candidates. Autoantibodies against one of the top candidates, p15INK4b-related sequence/regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain-containing protein 1A (RPRD1A), were significantly elevated in 53 CRC patients compared to 119 controls (p < 0.0001). The project revealed that tissue-derived IgG AAbs, rather than IgM, are the primary source of tumor-specific AAbs in peripheral blood. It also identified potential tumor-specific AAbs that could be applied for noninvasive screening of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei‐Fen Zhang
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityÜrümqiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Department of Radiation OncologyFujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Ting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Da‐Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- School of Public HealthSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Quan‐Kai Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Wen‐Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Shao‐Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Ye‐Zhu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Jianbing Mu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Wei‐Hua Jia
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityÜrümqiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
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Zhang K, He Q, Cao Q, Chuan J, Qin A, Tang L, Zhang X, Xiao C, Zhu B, Hu M, Chang L, Bu ZX, Fu L, Yang T, Wang Y, Liu W. Evaluating the clinical performance of SDC2/NDRG4 methylation for colorectal cancer detection. Epigenomics 2024; 16:93-108. [PMID: 38226561 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The performance and clinical accuracy of combined SDC2/NDRG4 methylation were evaluated in diagnosing colorectal cancer (CRC) and advanced adenoma. Methods: A total of 2333 participants were enrolled to assess the sensitivity and specificity of biomarkers in diagnosing CRC in a multicenter clinical trial through feces DNA methylation tests. Results: SDC2/NDRG4 methylation showed excellent performance for CRC detection in biomarker research and the real world. Its sensitivity for detecting CRC, early CRC and advanced adenoma were 92.06%, 91.45% and 62.61%, respectively. Its specificity was 94.29%, with a total coincidence rate of 88.28%. When interference samples were included, the specificity was still good (82.61%). Therefore, the SDC2/NDRG4 methylation test showed excellent performance in detecting CRC and advanced adenoma under clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Qing He
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, PR China
| | - Qin Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Jun Chuan
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, PR China
| | - Ang Qin
- Department of Endoscope Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Lin Tang
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, PR China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Changhe Xiao
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, PR China
| | - Biyin Zhu
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, PR China
| | - Meiling Hu
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, PR China
| | - Lei Chang
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, PR China
| | - Zhong Xin Bu
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, PR China
| | - Lanqi Fu
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, PR China
| | - Ting Yang
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, PR China
- School of Life Sciences & Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
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Aslanov H, Bayramov B, Reissfelder C, Abdullayeva S, Mammadova Z, Aliyev F, Keese M, Hajibabazade J, Yagublu V. MTHFR Gene C677T Polymorphism (rs1801133) and Susceptibility to Colorectal Polyps in an Azerbaijani Population. J Clin Med 2023; 13:219. [PMID: 38202226 PMCID: PMC10779477 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the relationships between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism, colorectal polyps, and CRC risk can aid in advancing personalized medicine approaches in CRC prevention. The aim of the current study is to identify the association of C677T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene with the risk of colorectal polyps in the Azerbaijani population. METHODS This study included 125 patients with colon polyps and 155 healthy individuals as a control group. DNA was extracted from venous blood samples obtained from patients and healthy individuals, and the results were analyzed through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and agarose gel electrophoresis. RESULTS Wild-type, heterozygote, and homozygous mutant were revealed within 69 (55.2%), 49 (39.2%), and 7 (5.6%) patients and within 100 (64.5%), 45 (29%), and 10 (6.5%) healthy controls, respectively. However, no significant statistical associations were observed between CT and TT genotypes, dominant (CC vs. CT + TT) and recessive (CC + CT vs. TT) models, and the mutant T allele and disease risk. There were also no significant differences between patients and controls regarding age, sex, smoking and alcohol use. CONCLUSION Our research did not reveal any significant association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and susceptibility to colorectal polyps in the Azerbaijan population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazi Aslanov
- Department of Surgery, Scientific Center of Surgery after academician M.A.Topchubashov, Baku AZ1122, Azerbaijan;
| | - Bayram Bayramov
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Genetic Resources Institute of Ministry of Science and Education, Baku AZ1106, Azerbaijan; (B.B.); (Z.M.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Western Caspian University, Baku AZ1001, Azerbaijan
| | - Christoph Reissfelder
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Shams Abdullayeva
- Department of Neurology, Westpfalz-Klinikum, 67655 Kaiserslautern, Germany;
| | - Zeynab Mammadova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Genetic Resources Institute of Ministry of Science and Education, Baku AZ1106, Azerbaijan; (B.B.); (Z.M.)
| | - Fikrat Aliyev
- Department of Pathomorphology, Scientific Center of Surgery after academician M.A.Topchubashov, Baku AZ1122, Azerbaijan;
| | - Michael Keese
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Theresienkrankenhaus, 68165 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Javahir Hajibabazade
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Bowen Science Building, 51 Newton, Road, Iowa City, IA 52242-1009, USA
| | - Vugar Yagublu
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
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Malla M, Kumar Deshkmukh S, Wu S, Samec T, Olevian D, Naili R, Bassel ER, Xiu J, Farrell A, Lenz HJ, Lou E, Goel S, Spetzler D, Goldberg RM, Hazlehurst L. Mesothelin expression correlates with elevated inhibitory immune activity in patients with colorectal cancer. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3787873. [PMID: 38234761 PMCID: PMC10793489 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3787873/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The expression of the protein Mesothelin (MSLN) is highly variable in several malignancies including colorectal cancer (CRC) and high levels are associated with aggressive clinicopathological features and worse patient survival. CRC is both a common and deadly cancer; being the third most common in incidence and second most common cause of cancer related death. While systemic therapy remains the primary therapeutic option for most patients with stage IV (metastatic; m) CRC, their disease eventually becomes treatment refractory, and 85% succumb within 5 years. Microsatellite-stable (MSS) CRC tumors, which affect more than 90% of patients with mCRC, are generally refractory to immunotherapeutic interventions. In our current work, we characterize MSLN levels in CRC, specifically correlating expression with clinical outcomes in relevant CRC subtypes and explore how MSLN expression impacts the status of immune activation and suppression in the peritumoral microenvironment. High MSLN expression is highly prevalent in CMS1 and CMS4 CRC subtypes as well as in mCRC tissue and correlates with higher gene mutation rates across the patient cohorts. Further, MSLN-high patients exhibit increased M1/M2 macrophage infiltration, PD-L1 staining, immune-inhibitory gene expression, enrichment in inflammatory, TGF-β, IL6/JAK/STAT3, IL2/STAT5 signaling pathways and mutation in KRAS and FBXW7. Together, these results suggest MSLN protein is a potential target for antigen-specific therapy and supports investigation into its tumorigenic effects to identify possible therapeutic interventions for patients with high MSLN expressing MSS CRC.
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26
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He S, Silva LD, Rutter GA, Lim GE. A high-throughput screening approach to discover potential colorectal cancer chemotherapeutics: Repurposing drugs to disrupt 14-3-3 protein-BAD interactions. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.14.571727. [PMID: 38168191 PMCID: PMC10760183 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.14.571727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Inducing apoptosis in different types of cancer cells is an effective therapeutic strategy. However, the success of existing chemotherapeutics can be compromised by tumor cell resistance and systemic off-target effects. Therefore, the discovery of pro-apoptotic compounds with minimal systemic side-effects is crucial. 14-3-3 proteins are molecular scaffolds that serve as important regulators of cell survival. Our previous study demonstrated that 14-3-3ζ can sequester BAD, a pro-apoptotic member of the BCL-2 protein family, in the cytoplasm and prevent its translocation to mitochondria to inhibit the induction of apoptosis. Despite being a critical mechanism of cell survival, it is unclear whether disrupting 14-3-3 protein:BAD interactions could be harnessed as a chemotherapeutic approach. Herein, we established a BRET-based high-throughput drug screening approach (Z'-score= 0.52) capable of identifying molecules that can disrupt 14-3-3ζ:BAD interactions. An FDA-approved drug library containing 1971 compounds was used for screening, and the capacity of identified hits to induce cell death was examined in NIH3T3-fibroblasts and colorectal cancer cell lines, HT-29 and Caco-2. Our in vitro results suggest that terfenadine, penfluridol, and lomitapide could be potentially repurposed for treating colorectal cancer. Moreover, our screening method demonstrates the feasibility of identifying pro-apoptotic agents that can be applied towards conditions where aberrant cell growth or function are key determinants of disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi He
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Cardiometabolic axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Luis Delgadillo Silva
- Cardiometabolic axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Guy A. Rutter
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Cardiometabolic axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
- LKC School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological College, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Gareth E. Lim
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Cardiometabolic axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Barber LE, Bertrand KA, Sheehy S, White LF, Roy HK, Rosenberg L, Palmer JR, Petrick JL. Aspirin and nonaspirin nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use and occurrence of colorectal adenoma in Black American women. Int J Cancer 2023; 153:1978-1987. [PMID: 37555819 PMCID: PMC10927007 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that aspirin use reduces the occurrence of colorectal neoplasia. Few studies have investigated the association among Black Americans, who are disproportionately burdened by the disease. We assessed aspirin use in relation to colorectal adenoma among Black women. The Black Women's Health Study is a prospective cohort of self-identified Black American women established in 1995. Participants reported regular aspirin use on baseline and follow-up questionnaires. Beginning in 1999, participants reported undergoing a colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy, the only procedures through which colorectal adenomas can be diagnosed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between aspirin use and colorectal adenoma among 34 397 women who reported at least 1 colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy. From 1997 through 2018, 1913 women were diagnosed with an adenoma. Compared to nonaspirin users, regular users had 14% (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78-0.95) lower odds of adenoma. The odds of adenoma decreased with increasing duration of aspirin use (≥10 years: OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.66-0.96). Initiating aspirin at a younger age was associated with a reduced adenoma occurrence (age < 40 years at initiation: OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.55-0.86). Regular aspirin use was associated with a decreased odds of colorectal adenoma in our study of Black women. These findings support evidence demonstrating a chemopreventive impact of aspirin on colorectal neoplasia and suggest that aspirin may be a useful prevention strategy among US Black women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Barber
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Shanshan Sheehy
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura F White
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hemant K Roy
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lynn Rosenberg
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jessica L Petrick
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Liu H, Wu X, Wang D, Li Q, Zhang X, Xu L. Unveiling the role of miR-137-3p/miR-296-5p/SERPINA3 signaling in colorectal cancer progression: integrative analysis of gene expression profiles and in vitro studies. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:327. [PMID: 38087342 PMCID: PMC10714458 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01763-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy worldwide, with increasing incidence and mortality rates. Although treatment options have improved, CRC remains a leading cause of death due to metastasis. Early intervention can significantly improve patient outcomes, making it crucial to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying CRC metastasis. In this study, we performed bioinformatics analysis to identify potential genes associated with CRC metastasis. METHODS We downloaded and integrated gene expression datasets (GSE89393, GSE100243, and GSE144259) from GEO database. Differential expression analysis was conducted, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. The hub gene SERPINA3 was selected for further in vitro functional studies. Additionally, the role of miR-137-3p/miR-296-5p/ Serpin family A member 3 (SERPINA3) in CRC cell function was investigated using in vitro assays. RESULTS Analysis of the gene expression datasets revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with CRC metastasis. GO analysis showed enrichment in biological processes such as blood coagulation regulation and wound healing. Cellular component analysis highlighted extracellular matrix components and secretory granules. Molecular function analysis identified activities such as serine-type endopeptidase inhibition and lipoprotein receptor binding. KEGG analysis revealed involvement in pathways related to complement and coagulation cascades, cholesterol metabolism, and immune responses. The common DEGs among the datasets were further investigated. We identified SERPINA3 as a hub gene associated with CRC metastasis. SERPINA3 exerted enhanced effects on migration, proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inhibitory effects on caspase-3/-9 activities in HT29 and SW620 cells. MiR-137-3p overexpression increased activities of caspase-3/-9, decreased migration and proliferation, and also repressed EMT in HT29 cells, which were obviously attenuated by SERPINA3 enforced overexpression. Consistently, SERPINA3 enforced overexpression also largely reversed miR-296-5p mimics-induced increased in activities of caspase-3/-9, decrease in migration, proliferation and EMT in HT29 cells. CONCLUSION Through bioinformatics analysis, we identified potential genes associated with CRC metastasis. The functional studies focusing on SERPINA3/miR-137-3p/miR-296-5p further consolidated its role in regulating CRC progression. Our findings provide insights into novel mechanisms underlying CRC metastasis and might contribute to the development of effective treatment strategies. However, the role of SERPINA3/miR-137-3p/miR-296-5p signaling in CRC still requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xingxing Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Quanxi Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China.
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Pham J, Laven-Law G, Winter JM, Wassie MM, Cock C, Symonds EL. The Diagnostic Accuracy of a Fecal Immunochemical Test in Detecting Colorectal Cancer and Advanced Precancerous Colorectal Neoplasia in Patients with Iron Deficiency: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2023; 2023:5982580. [PMID: 38107205 PMCID: PMC10723928 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5982580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Iron deficiency (ID) is a common micronutrient deficiency and the leading cause of anemia worldwide. ID can be caused by chronic occult blood loss from colorectal neoplasia including colorectal cancer (CRC) and advanced precancerous colorectal lesions. Current guidelines recommend colonoscopy in both men and postmenopausal women presenting with ID anemia (IDA). However, there is controversy on the investigation of patients presenting with a lower risk of CRC including younger women with ID and those with nonanemic ID (NAID). There is a need for a triaging tool to identify which ID patients may benefit from colonoscopy. The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is sensitive for CRC screening in an asymptomatic population, but its role in ID patients is unclear. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review to determine the diagnostic accuracy of FIT for detecting CRC and advanced precancerous neoplasia in individuals presenting with ID with or without anemia. Methods and Analysis. This protocol conforms with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols and Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Diagnostic Test Accuracy. A comprehensive search of the MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases will be undertaken for studies published after 2010 which involve patients with ID, who completed a FIT in the 6 months prior to colonoscopy, with FIT sensitivity and specificity calculated against the reference standard colonoscopy. The search will be limited to studies conducted after 2010 to reduce variability in colonoscopy quality. Risk of bias assessment will be conducted using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies version 2. FIT sensitivity and specificity will be the primary measure of diagnostic accuracy, and data will be analysed using a random effects meta-analysis. Discussion. This review and meta-analysis will be the first to systematically explore the value of the FIT as a triaging tool for patients with ID. This trial is registered with CRD42022367162.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Pham
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Geraldine Laven-Law
- Cancer Research, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Jean M. Winter
- Cancer Research, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Molla M. Wassie
- Cancer Research, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Charles Cock
- Cancer Research, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Erin L. Symonds
- Cancer Research, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
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Tobi M, Antaki F, Rambus MA, Yang YX, Kaplan D, Rodriguez R, Maliakkal B, Majumdar A, Demian E, Tobi YY, Sochacki P, Ehrinpreis M, Lawson MG, McVicker B. The Non-Invasive Prediction of Colorectal Neoplasia (NIPCON) Study 1995-2022: A Comparison of Guaiac-Based Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) and an Anti-Adenoma Antibody, Adnab-9. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17257. [PMID: 38139086 PMCID: PMC10743815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the need to improve the sensitivity of non-invasive methods to detect colorectal neoplasia, particularly adenomas, we compared a fecal test using a monoclonal antibody (Mab) raised against constituents of colonic adenomas designated Adnab-9 (Adenoma Antibody 9), recognizing an N-linked 87 kDa glycoprotein, to gFOBT, which is shown to reduce CRC mortality. p87 immunohistochemistry testing is significantly more sensitive (OR 3.64[CI 2.37-5.58]) than gFOBT (guaiac-based fecal occult blood test) for adenomas (<3 in number), advanced adenomas (OR 4.21[CI 2.47-7.15]), or a combination of the two (OR 3.35[CI 2.47-4.53]). p87 immunohistochemistry shows regional Paneth cell (PC) expression mainly in the right-sided colon and is significantly reduced in the ceca of African Americans (p < 0.0001). In a subset of patients, we obtained other body fluids such as urine, colonic effluent, and saliva. Urine tests (organ-specific neoantigen) showed a significant difference for advanced adenomas (p < 0.047). We conclude that fecal p87 testing is more sensitive than gFOBT and Adnab-9 and could be used to better direct the colonoscopy screening effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tobi
- Department of Research and Development, John D. Dingell VAMC, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (F.A.)
| | - Fadi Antaki
- Department of Research and Development, John D. Dingell VAMC, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (F.A.)
| | - Mary Ann Rambus
- Department of Research and Development, John D. Dingell VAMC, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (F.A.)
| | - Yu-Xiao Yang
- Department of Research and Development, Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA (D.K.); (R.R.)
| | - David Kaplan
- Department of Research and Development, Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA (D.K.); (R.R.)
| | - Rebecca Rodriguez
- Department of Research and Development, Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA (D.K.); (R.R.)
| | | | - Adhip Majumdar
- Department of Research and Development, John D. Dingell VAMC, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (F.A.)
| | - Ereny Demian
- Departments of Medicine, State University of Pennsylvania, State College, PA 16802, USA;
| | - Yosef Y. Tobi
- New York Medical College, Touro University, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Paula Sochacki
- Department of Research and Development, John D. Dingell VAMC, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (F.A.)
| | - Murray Ehrinpreis
- Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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31
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Ye H, Ren W, Liu G, Guo Q. lncRNA TUSC7 regulates oxidative stress level by targeting miR-23b in colorectal cancer and thus inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:13876-13887. [PMID: 38054829 PMCID: PMC10756093 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Currently, multiple studies have shown that long non-coding ribonucleic acid TUSC7 exerts an anti-tumor effect in a variety of cancers. However, the function and underlying regulatory mechanism of lncRNA TUSC7 in CRC remain unclear. METHODS The relative fluorescence intensity of MMP9 in the cancer and in peritoneal tissues was measured by immunofluorescence. Peritoneal macrophages in BALB/c mice were sorted out using flow cytometry. The abdominal circumference of mice was measured. Moreover, the correlation between TUSC7 and miR-23b was detected by diluciferase experiment and the expressions of TUSC7 and miR-23b were analyzed using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Last, the effect of TUSC7 on peritoneal macrophages was detected. RESULTS The relative fluorescence intensity of MMP9 in cancer was significantly stronger than that it in the surrounding tissues. Measurements of abdominal circumference in mice showed that TUSC7 inhibited the metastasis of CRC. The results of dual luciferase assay and RT-qPCR experiment showed that TUSC7 could target and inhibit miR-23b. The expressions of P22, P47, gp91, p-STAT6, p-STAT3, IL-4 and IL-10 were remarkably increased in TUSC7 OE group compared with those in NC group, while the expressions of p-SHP2, MMP2 and MMP9 were evidently reduced in contrast with those in NC group. The viability, proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells could be inhibited by TUSC7 OE, which was reversed by TUSC7 KD. CONCLUSION LncRNA TUSC7 can regulate the oxidative stress level and promote the M2 polarization of macrophages through targeting miR-23b of peritoneal macrophage in CRC, thus inhibiting cell proliferation, migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Ye
- Departments of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Cang Zhou Central Hospital, Cang Zhou 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Weidan Ren
- Departments of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Cang Zhou Central Hospital, Cang Zhou 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Guiwei Liu
- Departments of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Cang Zhou Central Hospital, Cang Zhou 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Qingjin Guo
- Departments of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Cang Zhou Central Hospital, Cang Zhou 061000, Hebei, China
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Zaher K, Basingab F. Interaction between Gut Microbiota and Dendritic Cells in Colorectal Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3196. [PMID: 38137417 PMCID: PMC10741039 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy that manifests in serial stages and has been observed to have an escalating incidence in modern societies, causing a significant global health problem. The development of CRC is influenced by various exogenous factors, including lifestyle, diet, nutrition, environment, and microbiota, that can affect host cells, including immune cells. Various immune dysfunctions have been recognized in patients with CRC at different stages of this disease. The signature of microbiota in the development of CRC-inflammation related to obesity, diet, and reactive host cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs)-has been highlighted by many studies. This study focuses on DCs, the primary cellular mediators linking innate and adaptive immune responses against cancer. In addition, this review focuses on the role of microbiota in dysbiosis and how it affects DCs and, in turn, the immune response and progression of CRC by stimulating different sets of T cells. Additionally, DCs' role in protecting this delicate balance is examined. This is to determine how gene yields of commensal microbiota may be critical in restoring this balance when disrupted. The stages of the disease and major checkpoints are discussed, as well as the role of the C-type lectin receptor of immature DCs pattern recognition receptor in CRC. Finally, based on a thorough examination of worldwide clinical studies and recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy, it is recommended that innovative approaches that integrate DC vaccination strategies with checkpoint inhibitors be considered. This approach holds great promise for improving CRC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawther Zaher
- Immunology Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21859, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21859, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah Basingab
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21585, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang Y, Karahalios A, Aung YK, Win AK, Boussioutas A, Jenkins MA. Risk factors for metachronous colorectal cancer and advanced neoplasia following primary colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:421. [PMID: 38036994 PMCID: PMC10688466 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-03053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying risk factors for metachronous colorectal cancer (CRC) and metachronous advanced neoplasia could be useful for guiding surveillance. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate risk factors for metachronous CRC and advanced neoplasia. METHODS Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials for articles (searching period: 1945 to Feburary, 2021) that reported the results of an association between any factor and metachronous advanced neoplasia or metachronous CRC. There were no restrictions on the publication date or language. Random effects models were fitted to estimate the combined association between the risk factors and metachronous CRC or advanced neoplasia. The Risk of Bias In Non-Randomised Studies of Interventions tool (ROBINS-I) was used to assess the risk of bias of included studies. RESULTS In total, 22 observational studies with 625,208 participants were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Of these, 13 studies investigated risk factors for metachronous CRC and 9 for advanced neoplasia. The risks of metachronous CRC or advanced neoplasia were higher if the first CRC was diagnosed in the presence of a synchronous advanced lesion (pooled risk ratio (RR) from 3 studies: 3.61, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.44-9.05; and pooled RR from 8 studies: 2.77, 95% CI: 2.23-3.43, respectively). The risk of metachronous CRC was lower, but the risk of metachronous advanced neoplasia was higher if the first CRC was distal (compared with proximal) (pooled RR from 3 studies: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.23-0.98; and pooled RR from 2 studies: 2.99, 95% CI: 1.60-5.58 respectively). The risk of metachronous advanced neoplasia increased with age (pooled RR from 3 studies: 1.07 per year of age, 95% CI: 1.03-1.11). There was no evidence that any lifestyle risk factors studied were associated with the risk of metachronous CRC or advanced neoplasia. CONCLUSIONS The identified risk factors for metachronous CRC and advanced neoplasia might be useful to tailor the existing surveillance guidelines after the first CRC. There were potential limitations due to possible misclassification of the outcome, confounding and risk of bias, and the findings cannot be generalised to high-risk genetic syndrome cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Amalia Karahalios
- Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Ye Kyaw Aung
- Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Aung Ko Win
- Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Genetic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, 3050, Australia
| | - Alex Boussioutas
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3050, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Alfred, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Mark A Jenkins
- Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
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Malkawi W, Lutfi A, Afghan MK, Shah LM, Costandy L, Ramirez AB, George TC, Toor F, Salem AK, Kasi PM. Circulating tumour cell enumeration, biomarker analyses, and kinetics in patients with colorectal cancer and other GI malignancies. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1305181. [PMID: 38044994 PMCID: PMC10693413 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1305181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Most of the work in terms of liquid biopsies in patients with solid tumors is focused on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Our aim was to evaluate the feasibility of using circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood samples from patients with advanced or metastatic gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. Methods In this prospective study, blood samples were collected from each patient in 2 AccuCyte® blood collection tubes and each tube underwent CTC analysis performed utilizing the RareCyte® platform. The results from both tubes were averaged and a total of 150 draws were done, with 281 unique reported results. The cadence of sampling was based on convenience sampling and piggybacked onto days of actual clinical follow-ups and treatment visits. The CTC results were correlated with patient- and tumor-related variables. Results Data from a total of 59 unique patients were included in this study. Patients had a median age of 58 years, with males representing 69% of the study population. More than 57% had received treatment prior to taking blood samples. The type of GI malignancy varied, with more than half the patients having colorectal cancer (CRC, 54%) followed by esophageal/gastric cancer (17%). The least common cancer was cholangiocarcinoma (9%). The greatest number of CTCs were found in patients with colorectal cancer (Mean: 15.8 per 7.5 ml; Median: 7.5 per 7.5 ml). In comparison, patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) had considerably fewer CTCs (Mean: 4.2 per 7.5 ml; Median: 3 per 7.5 ml). Additionally, we found that patients receiving treatment had significantly fewer CTCs than patients who were not receiving treatment (Median 2.7 versus 0.7). CTC numbers showed noteworthy disparities between patients with responding/stable disease in comparison to those with untreated/progressive disease (Median of 2.7 versus 0). When CTCs were present, biomarker analyses of the four markers human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)/Kiel 67 (Ki-67)/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was feasible. Single cell sequencing confirmed the tumor of origin. Conclusion Our study is one of the first prospective real-time studies evaluating CTCs in patients with GI malignancies. While ctDNA-based analyses are more common in clinical trials and practice, CTC analysis provides complementary information from a liquid biopsy perspective that is of value and worthy of continued research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walla Malkawi
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, United States
| | - Areeb Lutfi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Maaz Khan Afghan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lamisha Mashiyat Shah
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | | | | | - Fatima Toor
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa, IA, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, United States
| | - Aliasger K. Salem
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, United States
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa, IA, United States
| | - Pashtoon Murtaza Kasi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Hassan C, Povero M, Pradelli L, Spadaccini M, Repici A. Cost-utility analysis of real-time artificial intelligence-assisted colonoscopy in Italy. Endosc Int Open 2023; 11:E1046-E1055. [PMID: 37954109 PMCID: PMC10637858 DOI: 10.1055/a-2136-3428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and study aims Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted colonoscopy has proven to be effective compared with colonoscopy alone in an average-risk population. We aimed to evaluate the cost-utility of GI GENIUS, the first marketed real-time AI system in an Italian high-risk population. Methods A 1-year cycle cohort Markov model was developed to simulate the disease evolution of a cohort of Italian individuals positive on fecal immunochemical test (FIT), aged 50 years, undergoing colonoscopy with or without the AI system. Adenoma or colorectal cancer (CRC) were identified according to detection rates specific for each technique. Costs were estimated from the Italian National Health Service perspective. Results Colonoscopy+AI system was dominant with respect to standard colonoscopy. The GI GENIUS system prevented 155 CRC cases (-2.7%), 77 CRC-related deaths (-2.8%), and improved quality of life (+0.027 QALY) with respect to colonoscopy alone. The increase in screening cost (+€10.50) and care for adenoma (+€3.53) was offset by the savings in cost of care for CRC (-€28.37), leading to a total savings of €14.34 per patient. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis confirmed the cost-efficacy of the AI system (almost 80% probability). Conclusions The implementation of AI detection tools in colonoscopy after patients test FIT-positive seems to be a cost-saving strategy for preventing CRC incidence and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Hassan
- Endoscopy Unit, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | | | | | - Marco Spadaccini
- Endoscopy Unit, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Alessandro Repici
- Endoscopy Unit, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
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Kumarasamy G, Mohd Salim NH, Mohd Afandi NS, Hazlami Habib MA, Mat Amin ND, Ismail MN, Musa M. Glycoproteomics-based liquid biopsy: translational outlook for colorectal cancer clinical management in Southeast Asia. Future Oncol 2023; 19:2313-2332. [PMID: 37937446 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) signifies a significant healthcare challenge in Southeast Asia. Despite advancements in screening approaches and treatment modalities, significant medical gaps remain, ranging from prevention and early diagnosis to determining targeted therapy and establishing personalized approaches to managing CRC. There is a need to expand more validated biomarkers in clinical practice. An advanced technique incorporating high-throughput mass spectrometry as a liquid biopsy to unravel a repertoire of glycoproteins and glycans would potentially drive the development of clinical tools for CRC screening, diagnosis and monitoring, and it can be further adapted to the existing standard-of-care procedure. Therefore this review offers a perspective on glycoproteomics-driven liquid biopsy and its potential integration into the clinical care of CRC in the southeast Asia region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaayathri Kumarasamy
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, 11800, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Hakimah Mohd Salim
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia
| | - Nur Syafiqah Mohd Afandi
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bayan Lepas, Pulau Pinang, 11900, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Afiq Hazlami Habib
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bayan Lepas, Pulau Pinang, 11900, Malaysia
| | - Nor Datiakma Mat Amin
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bayan Lepas, Pulau Pinang, 11900, Malaysia
- Nature Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Selangor, 52109, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nazri Ismail
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, 11800, Malaysia
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bayan Lepas, Pulau Pinang, 11900, Malaysia
| | - Marahaini Musa
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia
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Montero-Calle A, Jiménez de Ocaña S, Benavente-Naranjo R, Rejas-González R, Bartolomé RA, Martínez-Useros J, Sanz R, Dziaková J, Fernández-Aceñero MJ, Mendiola M, Casal JI, Peláez-García A, Barderas R. Functional Proteomics Characterization of the Role of SPRYD7 in Colorectal Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Cells 2023; 12:2548. [PMID: 37947626 PMCID: PMC10648221 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
SPRY domain-containing protein 7 (SPRYD7) is a barely known protein identified via spatial proteomics as being upregulated in highly metastatic-to-liver KM12SM colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in comparison to its isogenic poorly metastatic KM12C CRC cells. Here, we aimed to analyze SPRYD7's role in CRC via functional proteomics. Through immunohistochemistry, the overexpression of SPRYD7 was observed to be associated with the poor survival of CRC patients and with an aggressive and metastatic phenotype. Stable SPRYD7 overexpression was performed in KM12C and SW480 poorly metastatic CRC cells and in their isogenic highly metastatic-to-liver-KM12SM-and-to-lymph-nodes SW620 CRC cells, respectively. Upon upregulation of SPRYD7, in vitro and in vivo functional assays confirmed a key role of SPRYD7 in the invasion and migration of CRC cells and in liver homing and tumor growth. Additionally, transient siRNA SPRYD7 silencing allowed us to confirm in vitro functional results. Furthermore, SPRYD7 was observed as an inductor of angiogenesis. In addition, the dysregulated SPRYD7-associated proteome and SPRYD7 interactors were elucidated via 10-plex TMT quantitative proteins, immunoproteomics, and bioinformatics. After WB validation, the biological pathways associated with the stable overexpression of SPRYD7 were visualized. In conclusion, it was demonstrated here that SPRYD7 is a novel protein associated with CRC progression and metastasis. Thus, SPRYD7 and its interactors might be of relevance in identifying novel therapeutic targets for advanced CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Montero-Calle
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (S.J.d.O.); (R.B.-N.); (R.R.-G.)
| | - Sofía Jiménez de Ocaña
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (S.J.d.O.); (R.B.-N.); (R.R.-G.)
| | - Ruth Benavente-Naranjo
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (S.J.d.O.); (R.B.-N.); (R.R.-G.)
| | - Raquel Rejas-González
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (S.J.d.O.); (R.B.-N.); (R.R.-G.)
| | - Rubén A. Bartolomé
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Javier Martínez-Useros
- Translational Oncology Division, OncoHealth Institute, Health Research Institute-University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Rodrigo Sanz
- Surgical Digestive Department, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.S.); (J.D.)
| | - Jana Dziaková
- Surgical Digestive Department, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.S.); (J.D.)
| | | | - Marta Mendiola
- Molecular Pathology and Therapeutic Targets Group, La Paz University Hospital (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.); (A.P.-G.)
| | - José Ignacio Casal
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alberto Peláez-García
- Molecular Pathology and Therapeutic Targets Group, La Paz University Hospital (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.); (A.P.-G.)
| | - Rodrigo Barderas
- Chronic Disease Programme (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (S.J.d.O.); (R.B.-N.); (R.R.-G.)
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Jian C, Jing Z, Yinhang W, Jinlong D, Yuefen P, Quan Q, Shuwen H. Colorectal cancer and gut viruses: a visualized analysis based on CiteSpace knowledge graph. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1239818. [PMID: 37928670 PMCID: PMC10622771 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1239818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gut microbiome is a complex community of microbes present in the human gut and plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the relationship between virus and CRC has not been fully understood. Objective To explore the hot spots and research trends in the field of CRC and virus. Methods By using the bibliometric analysis tool CiteSpace and based on the articles of the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database, the country, institution, highly cited literature, keywords and so on were visually analyzed. Results A total of 356 research articles on CRC from 2001 to 2023 were thoroughly analyzed. The USA and China have made the largest contribution in the field of virus and CRC. The Helmholtz Association published the most papers. There were relatively few cooperations among institutions from different countries. The results of keyword cluster analysis proved that the literature on the relationship between human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and CRC was the most widely studied aspect in this field. "Gut microbiota," "inflammatory bowel disease," "hepatitis b virus," and "human papillomavirus infection" are the current research hotspots; "oncolytic virus," "apoptosis," and "gut microbiome" are the recent research frontiers and should be paid closer attention. Conclusion By using CiteSpace bibliometric software, the visual analysis reflected the research trends and hot topics of virus and CRC. In addition, the prevalence and mechanism of specific virus on CRC were also reviewed, which provides valuable references for future CRC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Jian
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Jing
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Wu Yinhang
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Duan Jinlong
- Huzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou, China
| | - Pan Yuefen
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Qi Quan
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Han Shuwen
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
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Li J, Lin C, Zhu Y, Shao C, Wang T, Chen B. Colorectal cancer cell membrane biomimetic ferroferric oxide nanomaterials for homologous bio-imaging and chemotherapy application. Med Oncol 2023; 40:322. [PMID: 37801170 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02175-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The research of nanomaterials for bio-imaging and theranostic are very active nowadays with unprecedented advantages in nanomedicine. Homologous targeting and bio-imaging greatly improve the ability of targeted drug delivery and enhance active targeting and treatment ability of nanomedicine for the tumor. In this work, lycorine hydrochloride (LH) and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with a colorectal cancer (CRC) cell membrane (LH-Fe3O4@M) were prepared, for homologous targeting, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and chemotherapy. Results showed that the LH-Fe3O4@M and Fe3O4@M intensity at HT29 tumor was significantly higher than that Fe3O4@PEG, proving the superior selectivity of cancer cell membrane-camouflaged nanomedicine for homologous tumors and the MRI effect of darkening contrast enhancement were remarkable at HT29 tumor. The LH-Fe3O4@M exhibited excellent chemotherapy effect in CRC models as well as LH alone and achieved a high tumor ablation rate but no damage to normal tissues and cells. Therefore, our biomimetic system achieved a homologous targeting, bio-imaging, and efficient therapeutic effect of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Chenyu Lin
- The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yuqian Zhu
- The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Chengwei Shao
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Tiegong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Bingdi Chen
- The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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Chen Z, Cheng H, Zhang J, Jiang D, Chen G, Yan S, Chen W, Zhan W. Hsa_circRNA_102051 regulates colorectal cancer proliferation and metastasis by mediating Notch pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:230. [PMID: 37794386 PMCID: PMC10552285 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of hsa_circRNA_102051 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its effect on the stemness of tumor cells. METHODS CircRNA microarray was under analysis to screen differentially expressed novel circRNAs in the pathology of CRC. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the relative RNA expression in CRC cells and samples. The effects of hsa_circRNA_102051 on biological functions in CRC cells were accessed both in vitro and in vivo. FISH, RIP and luciferase reporter assay were conducted to confirm the regulatory correlations between hsa_circRNA_102051 and miR-203a, as well as miR-203a and BPTF. Xenograft models were applied to further verify the impacts and fluctuations of hsa_circRNA_102051/miR-203a/BPTF. Moreover, the mechanism how hsa_circRNA_102051 affected the Notch signals was also elucidated. RESULTS Hsa_circRNA_102051 was up-regulated in CRC tissues and cell lines, capable to promote the growth and invasion of CRC. In addition, hsa_circRNA_102051 could enhance stemness of CRC cells. BPTF was identified as downstream factors of hsa_circRNA_102051, and miR-203a was determined directly targeting both hsa_circRNA_102051 and BPTF as an intermediate regulator. Hsa_circRNA_102051 in CRC could block miR-203a expression, and subsequently activated BPTF. Hsa_circRNA_102051/miR-203a/BPTF axis modulated stemness of CRC cells by affecting Notch pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provided new clues that hsa_circRNA_102051 might be a potential predictive or prognostic factor in CRC, which induced the fluctuation of downstream miR-203a/BPTF, and subsequently influenced tumor growth, activities and stemness. Thereinto, the Notch signals were also involved. Hence, the hsa_circRNA_102051/miR-203a/BPTF axis could be further explored as a therapeutic target for anti-metastatic therapy in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gang Chen
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | | | - Wen Chen
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Zhan
- Department of colorectal surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No.28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou, China.
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Du Y, Hu L, Wu G, Tang Y, Cai X, Yin L. Diagnoses in multiple types of cancer based on serum Raman spectroscopy combined with a convolutional neural network: Gastric cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, lung cancer. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 298:122743. [PMID: 37119637 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major diseases that seriously threaten human health. Timely screening is beneficial to the cure of cancer. There are some shortcomings in current diagnosis methods, so it is very important to find a low-cost, fast, and nondestructive cancer screening technology. In this study, we demonstrated that serum Raman spectroscopy combined with a convolutional neural network model can be used for the diagnosis of four types of cancer including gastric cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, and lung cancer. Raman spectra database containing four types of cancer and healthy controls was established and a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) was constructed. The classification accuracy of the Raman spectra combined with the 1D-CNN model was 94.5%. A convolutional neural network (CNN) is regarded as a black box, and the learning mechanism of the model is not clear. Therefore, we tried to visualize the CNN features of each convolutional layer in the diagnosis of rectal cancer. Overall, Raman spectroscopy combined with the CNN model is an effective tool that can be used to distinguish different cancer from healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
| | - Lin Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Guohua Wu
- School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China.
| | - Yishu Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiongwei Cai
- Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Longfei Yin
- School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
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Schütte W, Gütz S, Nehls W, Blum TG, Brückl W, Buttmann-Schweiger N, Büttner R, Christopoulos P, Delis S, Deppermann KM, Dickgreber N, Eberhardt W, Eggeling S, Fleckenstein J, Flentje M, Frost N, Griesinger F, Grohé C, Gröschel A, Guckenberger M, Hecker E, Hoffmann H, Huber RM, Junker K, Kauczor HU, Kollmeier J, Kraywinkel K, Krüger M, Kugler C, Möller M, Nestle U, Passlick B, Pfannschmidt J, Reck M, Reinmuth N, Rübe C, Scheubel R, Schumann C, Sebastian M, Serke M, Stoelben E, Stuschke M, Thomas M, Tufman A, Vordermark D, Waller C, Wolf J, Wolf M, Wormanns D. [Prevention, Diagnosis, Therapy, and Follow-up of Lung Cancer - Interdisciplinary Guideline of the German Respiratory Society and the German Cancer Society - Abridged Version]. Pneumologie 2023; 77:671-813. [PMID: 37884003 DOI: 10.1055/a-2029-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The current S3 Lung Cancer Guidelines are edited with fundamental changes to the previous edition based on the dynamic influx of information to this field:The recommendations include de novo a mandatory case presentation for all patients with lung cancer in a multidisciplinary tumor board before initiation of treatment, furthermore CT-Screening for asymptomatic patients at risk (after federal approval), recommendations for incidental lung nodule management , molecular testing of all NSCLC independent of subtypes, EGFR-mutations in resectable early stage lung cancer in relapsed or recurrent disease, adjuvant TKI-therapy in the presence of common EGFR-mutations, adjuvant consolidation treatment with checkpoint inhibitors in resected lung cancer with PD-L1 ≥ 50%, obligatory evaluation of PD-L1-status, consolidation treatment with checkpoint inhibition after radiochemotherapy in patients with PD-L1-pos. tumor, adjuvant consolidation treatment with checkpoint inhibition in patients withPD-L1 ≥ 50% stage IIIA and treatment options in PD-L1 ≥ 50% tumors independent of PD-L1status and targeted therapy and treatment option immune chemotherapy in first line SCLC patients.Based on the current dynamic status of information in this field and the turnaround time required to implement new options, a transformation to a "living guideline" was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Schütte
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Krankenhaus Martha Maria Halle-Dölau, Halle (Saale)
| | - Sylvia Gütz
- St. Elisabeth-Krankenhaus Leipzig, Abteilung für Innere Medizin I, Leipzig
| | - Wiebke Nehls
- Klinik für Palliativmedizin und Geriatrie, Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring
| | - Torsten Gerriet Blum
- Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Klinik für Pneumologie, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn, Berlin
| | - Wolfgang Brückl
- Klinik für Innere Medizin 3, Schwerpunkt Pneumologie, Klinikum Nürnberg Nord
| | | | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institut für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, Uniklinik Köln, Berlin
| | | | - Sandra Delis
- Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Klinik für Pneumologie, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn, Berlin
| | | | - Nikolas Dickgreber
- Klinik für Pneumologie, Thoraxonkologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Rheine
| | | | - Stephan Eggeling
- Vivantes Netzwerk für Gesundheit, Klinikum Neukölln, Klinik für Thoraxchirurgie, Berlin
| | - Jochen Fleckenstein
- Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Radioonkologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes und Medizinische Fakultät der Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg
| | - Michael Flentje
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg
| | - Nikolaj Frost
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Infektiologie/Pneumologie, Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | - Frank Griesinger
- Klinik für Hämatologie und Onkologie, Pius-Hospital Oldenburg, Oldenburg
| | | | - Andreas Gröschel
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Clemenshospital, Münster
| | | | | | - Hans Hoffmann
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU München, Sektion für Thoraxchirurgie, München
| | - Rudolf M Huber
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V, Thorakale Onkologie, LMU Klinikum Munchen
| | - Klaus Junker
- Klinikum Oststadt Bremen, Institut für Pathologie, Bremen
| | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- Klinikum der Universität Heidelberg, Abteilung Diagnostische Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - Jens Kollmeier
- Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Klinik für Pneumologie, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn, Berlin
| | | | - Marcus Krüger
- Klinik für Thoraxchirurgie, Krankenhaus Martha-Maria Halle-Dölau, Halle-Dölau
| | | | - Miriam Möller
- Krankenhaus Martha-Maria Halle-Dölau, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Halle-Dölau
| | - Ursula Nestle
- Kliniken Maria Hilf, Klinik für Strahlentherapie, Mönchengladbach
| | | | - Joachim Pfannschmidt
- Klinik für Thoraxchirurgie, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn, Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Berlin
| | - Martin Reck
- Lungeclinic Grosshansdorf, Pneumologisch-onkologische Abteilung, Grosshansdorf
| | - Niels Reinmuth
- Klinik für Pneumologie, Thorakale Onkologie, Asklepios Lungenklinik Gauting, Gauting
| | - Christian Rübe
- Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Radioonkologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Homburg
| | | | | | - Martin Sebastian
- Medizinische Klinik II, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt
| | - Monika Serke
- Zentrum für Pneumologie und Thoraxchirurgie, Lungenklinik Hemer, Hemer
| | | | - Martin Stuschke
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen
| | - Michael Thomas
- Thoraxklinik am Univ.-Klinikum Heidelberg, Thorakale Onkologie, Heidelberg
| | - Amanda Tufman
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V, Thorakale Onkologie, LMU Klinikum München
| | - Dirk Vordermark
- Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie, Universitätsklinikum Halle, Halle
| | - Cornelius Waller
- Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg
| | | | - Martin Wolf
- Klinikum Kassel, Klinik für Onkologie und Hämatologie, Kassel
| | - Dag Wormanns
- Evangelische Lungenklinik, Radiologisches Institut, Berlin
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Wongseree P, Hasgul Z, Leerapan B, Iramaneerat C, Phisalprapa P, Jalali MS. Dynamics of colorectal cancer screening in low and middle-income countries: A modeling analysis from Thailand. Prev Med 2023; 175:107694. [PMID: 37660758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low and middle-income countries face constraints for early colorectal cancer (CRC) detection, including restricted access to care and low colonoscopy capacity. Considering these constraints, we studied strategies for increasing access to early CRC detection and reducing CRC progression and mortality rates in Thailand. METHODS We developed a system dynamics model to simulate CRC death and progression trends. We analyzed the impacts of increased access to screening via fecal immunochemical test and colonoscopy, improving access to CRC diagnosis among symptomatic individuals, and their combination. RESULTS Projecting the status quo (2023-2032), deaths per 100K people increase from 87.5 to 115.4, and CRC progressions per 100K people rise from 131.8 to 159.8. In 2032, improved screening access prevents 2.5 CRC deaths and 2.5 progressions per 100K people, with cumulative prevented 7K deaths and 9K progressions, respectively. Improved symptom evaluation access prevents 7.5 CRC deaths per 100K with no effect on progression, totaling 35K saved lives. A combined approach prevents 9.3 deaths and 1.8 progressions per 100K, or 41K and 7K cumulatively. The combined strategy prevents most deaths; however, there is a tradeoff: It prevents fewer CRC progressions than screening access improvement. Increasing the current annual colonoscopy capacity (200K) to sufficient capacity (681K), the combined strategy achieves the best results, preventing 15.0 CRC deaths and 10.3 CRC progressions per 100K people, or 54K and 30K cumulatively. CONCLUSION Until colonoscopy capacity increases, enhanced screening and symptom evaluation are needed simultaneously to curb CRC deaths, albeit not the best strategy for CRC progression prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peeradon Wongseree
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zeynep Hasgul
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Borwornsom Leerapan
- Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Mohammad S Jalali
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Johnstone MS, McSorley ST, McMahon AJ. Management of malignant T1 colorectal cancer polyps: results from a 10-year prospective observational study. Colorectal Dis 2023; 25:1960-1972. [PMID: 37612791 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM The recurrence risk associated with residual malignant cells (bowel wall/regional nodes) following T1 colorectal cancer (CRC) polypectomy must be weighed against operative morbidity. Our aim was to describe the management and outcomes of a large prospective cohort of T1 CRCs. METHOD All T1 CRCs diagnosed between March 2007 and March 2017 at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary were included. Patients were grouped by polypectomy, rectal local excision and formal resection status. χ2 testing, multivariate binary logistic and Cox regression were performed. RESULTS Of 236 patients, 90 (38.1%) underwent polypectomy only, six (2.6%) polypectomy and then rectal excision, 57 (24.2%) polypectomy and then resection, 14 (5.9%) rectal excision only and 69 (29.2%) primary resection. Polypectomy only correlated with male sex (P = 0.028), older age (P < 0.001), distal CRCs (P < 0.001) and pedunculated polyps (P < 0.001); primary resection with larger polyps (P < 0.001); polypectomy then resection with piecemeal excision (P = 0.002) and involved polypectomy margin (P < 0.001). Poor differentiation (OR 7.860, 95% CI 1.117-55.328; P = 0.038) independently predicted lymph node involvement. Submucosal venous invasion (hazard ratio [HR] 10.154, 95% CI 2.087-49.396; P = 0.004) and mucinous subtype (HR 7.779, 95% CI 1.566-38.625; P = 0.012) independently predicted recurrence. Submucosal venous invasion (HR 5.792, 95% CI 1.056-31.754; P = 0.043) predicted CRC-specific survival. Although 64.4% of polypectomy-only patients had margin involvement/other risk factors, none developed recurrence. Of 94 with polypectomy margin involvement, five (5.3%) had confirmed residual tumour. Overall, lymph node metastases (7.1%), recurrence (4.2%) and cancer-specific mortality (3.0%) were rare. Cancer-specific 5-year survival was high: polypectomy only (100%), polypectomy and then resection (98.2%), primary resection (100%). CONCLUSION Surveillance may be safe for more T1 CRC polyp patients. Multidisciplinary team discussion and informed patient choice are critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Johnstone
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stephen T McSorley
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew J McMahon
- Department of Coloproctology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
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Ajufo A, Adigun AO, Mohammad M, Dike JC, Akinrinmade AO, Adebile TM, Ezuma-Ebong C, Bolaji K, Okobi OE. Factors Affecting the Rate of Colonoscopy Among African Americans Aged Over 45 Years. Cureus 2023; 15:e46525. [PMID: 37927674 PMCID: PMC10625396 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
African Americans continue to have a low rate of colonoscopy screening despite the U.S. Preventive Services Taskforce's (USPSTF) recommendations and its proven benefits. Colonoscopy has proven to be an effective screening and therapeutic procedure. Understanding the root cause of the problem is a crucial step toward achieving the desired colonoscopy rate among this population. This paper evaluates factors that contribute to the underutilization of colonoscopy. The paper also analyzes strategies that could be maximized to increase colonoscopy rates, minimize colorectal cancer inequalities, and promote optimal colorectal health among African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afomachukwu Ajufo
- Internal Medicine, All Saints University School of Medicine, Roseau, DMA
| | - Aisha O Adigun
- Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA
| | - Majed Mohammad
- Geriatrics, Mount Carmel Grove City Hospital, Grove City, USA
| | - Juliet C Dike
- Internal Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar, NGA
| | - Abidemi O Akinrinmade
- Medicine and Surgery, Benjamin S. Carson School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, NGA
| | - Temitayo M Adebile
- Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, USA
- Nephrology, Boston Medical Center, Malden, USA
| | | | | | - Okelue E Okobi
- Family Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital Palm Springs Campus, Miami, USA
- Family Medicine, Medficient Health Systems, Laurel, USA
- Family Medicine, Lakeside Medical Center, Belle Glade, USA
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Ye M, Du J, Chen D, Xiu L, Liu X, Sun D, Wang X. Xiaotan Sanjie Fang prevents colonic inflammation‐related tumorigenesis by inhibiting COX‐2/ VEGF expression cancer. PRECISION MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/prm2.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractColitis‐associated bowel cancer (CAC) is one of the most common malignancies associated with inflammation. The aim of this study was to observe a new herbal formula “Xiaotan Sanjie Fang” (XTSJF) derived from the addition and subtraction theory of traditional medicine as an alternative to CAC treatment by “Daotan Decoction” and “Xiaojianzhong Decoction”, which are famous traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract. We constructed a DMH/DSS inflammation‐associated colorectal cancer rat model and treated CAC rats with sulfasalazine and different doses of XTSJF. The results showed that the body weight of rats treated with different doses of XTSJF increased, which was still lower than that of normal rats; AFC decreased significantly compared with the model group and the positive control group, and the final dose was superior to the low dose; histological observation revealed that it could maintain the normal structure of colon tissue, while it could inhibit the secretion of VEGF, COX2, and AQP1 and the expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α, promote the expression of caspase‐3 and BAX and inhibit the expression of Bcl‐2. Taken together, these data suggest that XTSJF can inhibit COX‐2/VEGF expression to prevent the development of inflammation‐associated colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ye
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Jiaqi Du
- Department of Anorectal, Shuguang Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Dagui Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine Shanghai University Shanghai China
| | - Lijuan Xiu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Dazhi Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University Shanghai China
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Al-Asadi S, Mansour H, Ataimish AJ, Al-Kahachi R, Rampurawala J. MicroRNAs Regulate Tumorigenesis by Downregulating SOCS3 Expression: An In silico Approach. Bioinform Biol Insights 2023; 17:11779322231193535. [PMID: 37701630 PMCID: PMC10493049 DOI: 10.1177/11779322231193535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment is characterized by the occurrence of significant changes due to disrupted signaling pathways that affect a broad spectrum of cellular activities such as proliferation, differentiation, signaling, invasiveness, migration, and apoptosis. Similarly, a downregulated suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) promotes increased JAK/STAT function due to aberrant cytokine signaling, which results in increased cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Multiple carcinomas including breast cancer, prostate cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer involve the disruption of SOCS3 expression due to microRNA overexpression. MicroRNAs are small, conserved, and non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression through post-transcriptional inhibition and mRNA destabilization. The aim of this study was to identify putative microRNAs that interact with SOCS3 and downregulate its expression. In this study, miRWalk, TargetScan, and miRDB were used to identify microRNAs that interact with SOCS3, whereas RNA22 was utilized to identify the binding sites of 238 significant microRNAs. The tertiary structures of shortlisted microRNAs and SOCS3 regions were predicted through MC Sym and RNAComposer, respectively. For molecular docking, HDOCK was used, which predicted 80 microRNA-messengerRNA complexes and the interactions of the top 5 shortlisted complexes were assessed. The complexes were shortlisted on the basis of least binding affinity score and maximum confidence score. This study identifies the interactions of known (miR-203a-5p) and novel (miR-6756-5p, miR-6732-5p, miR-1203, miR-6887-5p) microRNAs with SOCS3 regions due to their maximum interactions. Identifying the interactions of these microRNAs with SOCS3 will significantly advance the understanding of oncomiRs (miRNAs that are associated with cancer development) in tumor development due to their influence on SOCS3 expression. These insights will assist in future studies to understand the significance of miRNA-SOCS3-associated tumor development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sura Al-Asadi
- College of Health and Medical Techniques, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hiba Mansour
- College of Health and Medical Techniques, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Rusul Al-Kahachi
- Department of Scholarships and Cultural Relationship, Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Baghdad, Iraq
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Yang L, Xu F. A novel anoikis-related risk model predicts prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer and responses to different immunotherapy strategies. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:10879-10892. [PMID: 37318595 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04945-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to study the role of anoikis-related genes (ARGs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) using bioinformatics. METHODS GSE39582 and GSE39084, which collectively contain 363 CRC samples, were downloaded from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database as a test set. TCGA-COADREAD, with 376 CRC samples, was downloaded from the UCSC database as a validation set. Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to screen for ARGs that were significantly associated with prognosis. The top 10 ARGs were used to classify the samples into different subtypes based on unsupervised cluster analysis. The immune environments of the different subtypes were analyzed. ARGs that were significantly associated with CRC prognosis were used to construct a risk model. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to screen independent prognostic factors and construct a nomogram. RESULTS Four anoikis-related subtypes (ARSs) with differential prognoses and immune microenvironments were identified. KRAS and epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathways were enriched in subtype B, which had the worst prognosis. Three ARGs (DLG1, AKT3, and LPAR1) were used to construct the risk model. Both the test and validation sets showed worse outcomes for patients in the high-risk group than those in the low-risk group. Risk score was found to be an independent prognostic factor for CRC. Moreover, there was a difference in drug sensitivity between the high- and low-risk groups. CONCLUSION The identified ARGs and risk scores were associated with CRC prognosis and could predict the responses of patients with CRC to immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China.
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Imran M, Baig M, Alshuaibi RO, Almohammadi TA, Albeladi SA, Zaafarani FTM. Knowledge and awareness about colorectal cancer and barriers to its screening among a sample of general public in Saudi Arabia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290269. [PMID: 37611015 PMCID: PMC10446202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study investigated knowledge, awareness, and barriers to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening from a sample of the general population in Saudi Arabia. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2022 and January 2023 among a sample of the general population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire consisted of demographics, knowledge and awareness, and questions about CRC screening barriers. RESULTS A total of 1105 adults belonged to the general public [505 females (45.7%) and 600 males (54.3%)] recruited in this survey. The mean age of the respondents was 39.79±12.49. The internet was the primary source of CC information for most participants, 661(59.8%). Gender-wise comparison of general public responses regarding CRC knowledge and awareness and barriers to screening showed a mixed response. Analysis of participants' knowledge regarding CRC and its risk factors and warning signs showed that 356(32.2%) people believed that the best age for the CRC test is 41-50 years, and 285(25.8%) responded they don't know. Almost half of the participants, 539(48.8%), were not interested in attending awareness seminars about CRC, while 371(33.6%) were interested in attending awareness seminars about CRC. Only one-third of the respondents, 368(33.3%), knew of any tests or examinations used to detect CRC. Participants' perceptions about colonoscopy-related and FOBT-related barriers to CRC screening disclosed that these are time-consuming, expensive, painful, embarrassing, etc. CONCLUSION Insufficient information, poor awareness, and several assumed barriers to CRC screening were found among study participants. There is a need to close knowledge gaps and offer them comprehensive information regarding CRC, as well as the availability and benefits of screening. In this aspect, social media can be extremely beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Samah Abdulsalam Albeladi
- 6 Year Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Cauli E, Polidoro MA, Marzorati S, Bernardi C, Rasponi M, Lleo A. Cancer-on-chip: a 3D model for the study of the tumor microenvironment. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:53. [PMID: 37592292 PMCID: PMC10436436 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The approval of anticancer therapeutic strategies is still slowed down by the lack of models able to faithfully reproduce in vivo cancer physiology. On one hand, the conventional in vitro models fail to recapitulate the organ and tissue structures, the fluid flows, and the mechanical stimuli characterizing the human body compartments. On the other hand, in vivo animal models cannot reproduce the typical human tumor microenvironment, essential to study cancer behavior and progression. This study reviews the cancer-on-chips as one of the most promising tools to model and investigate the tumor microenvironment and metastasis. We also described how cancer-on-chip devices have been developed and implemented to study the most common primary cancers and their metastatic sites. Pros and cons of this technology are then discussed highlighting the future challenges to close the gap between the pre-clinical and clinical studies and accelerate the approval of new anticancer therapies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cauli
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico Di Milano, Milan, Italy.
- Accelera Srl, Nerviano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Michela Anna Polidoro
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Marzorati
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marco Rasponi
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ana Lleo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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