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Xu B, Wu H, Guo W, Hussain SA, Wang T. Voacangine mitigates oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by averting the NF-κBp65/MAPK signaling pathways in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:4004-4013. [PMID: 38606816 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of human mortality. Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI) is a primary cause of stroke. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) resulting in oxidative stress and inflammatory events may lead to severe neuronal impairments. Thus, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mediators that can alleviate post-I/R neuronal injuries are required for the treatment of CI/RI. An alkaloid, voacangine (VCG) is a recognized antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer agent. Hence, the current study intended to explore the neuroprotective potential and the principal mechanisms of VCG in CI/RI. The experimental rats were divided into four sets: control, I/R-induced, I/R + VCG (2.5 mg/kg), I/R + VCG (5 mg/kg). CI/RI was induced by implanting a thread into the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. Brain damages were assessed on the basis of brain edema, brain infarct volume, neurological deficit score, histopathology, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Results revealed that VCG inhibited the triggering of NLRP3 inflammasome, pro-inflammatory cytokines, lipid peroxidation, but enhanced the antioxidant status in MCAO rats. Furthermore, VCG treatment averted brain damage by I/R, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress by suppressing NF-κBp65/MAPK pathways. The results of the study provide pertinent insights pertaining to the role of VCG as a potential neuroprotective agent against ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Department of General Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of General Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaik Althaf Hussain
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Geratology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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2
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Zhu C, Wang D, Chang C, Liu A, Zhou J, Yang T, Jiang Y, Li X, Jiang W. Dexmedetomidine alleviates blood-brain barrier disruption in rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion by suppressing JNK and p38 MAPK signaling. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 28:239-252. [PMID: 38682172 PMCID: PMC11058545 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.3.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine displays multiple mechanisms of neuroprotection in ameliorating ischemic brain injury. In this study, we explored the beneficial effects of dexmedetomidine on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and neuroinflammation in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1.5 h and reperfusion for 24 h to establish a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Dexmedetomidine (9 g/kg) was administered to rats 30 min after MCAO through intravenous injection, and SB203580 (a p38 MAPK inhibitor, 200 g/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before MCAO. Brain damages were evaluated by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Nissl staining, and brain water content assessment. BBB permeability was examined by Evans blue staining. Expression levels of claudin-5, zonula occludens-1, occludin, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as well as M1/M2 phenotypes-associated markers were assessed using immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and gelatin zymography. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to examine inflammatory cytokine levels. We found that dexmedetomidine or SB203580 attenuated infarct volume, brain edema, BBB permeability, and neuroinflammation, and promoted M2 microglial polarization after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Increased MMP-9 activity by ischemia/reperfusion injury was inhibited by dexmedetomidine or SB203580. Dexmedetomidine inhibited the activation of the ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPK pathways. Moreover, activation of JNK or p38 MAPK reversed the protective effects of dexmedetomidine against ischemic brain injury. Overall, dexmedetomidine ameliorated brain injury by alleviating BBB permeability and promoting M2 polarization in experimental cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury model by inhibiting the activation of JNK and p38 MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canmin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Peopleʼs Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan 430200, Hubei, China
| | - Dili Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Peopleʼs Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan 430200, Hubei, China
| | - Chang Chang
- Department of Neurology, The First Peopleʼs Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan 430200, Hubei, China
| | - Aofei Liu
- Department of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Peopleʼs Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan 430200, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanfeng Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Weijian Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
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Chen H, Guo S, Li R, Yang L, Wang R, Jiang Y, Hao Y. YTHDF2-regulated matrilin-3 mitigates post-reperfusion hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke via the PI3K/AKT pathway. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2024; 83:194-204. [PMID: 38230623 PMCID: PMC10880072 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlad102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic transformation can complicate ischemic strokes after recanalization treatment within a time window that requires early intervention. To determine potential therapeutic effects of matrilin-3, rat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion was produced using transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO); intracranial hemorrhage and infarct volumes were assayed through hemoglobin determination and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazoliumchloride (TTC) staining, respectively. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) modeling of ischemia was performed on C8-D1A cells. Interactions between matrilin-3 and YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein F2 (YTHDF2) were determined using RNA immunoprecipitation assay and actinomycin D treatment. Reperfusion after tMCAO modeling increased hemorrhage, hemoglobin content, and infarct volumes; these were alleviated by matrilin treatment. Matrilin-3 was expressed at low levels and YTHDF2 was expressed at high levels in ischemic brains. In OGD-induced cells, matrilin-3 was negatively regulated by YTHDF2. Matrilin-3 overexpression downregulated p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, ZO-1, VE-cadherin and occludin, and upregulated p-JNK/JNK in ischemic rat brains; these effects were reversed by LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor). YTHDF2 knockdown inactivated the PI3K/AKT pathway, inhibited inflammation and decreased blood-brain barrier-related protein levels in cells; these effects were reversed by matrilin-3 deficiency. These results indicate that YTHDF2-regulated matrilin-3 protected ischemic rats against post-reperfusion hemorrhagic transformation via the PI3K/AKT pathway and that matrilin may have therapeutic potential in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanze Chen
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Siping Guo
- Department of Neurology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Runnan Li
- Department of Neurology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lihui Yang
- Department of Neurology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yasi Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yonggang Hao
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Neurology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
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Liu A, Sun J, Tiwari S, Wong J, Wang H, Tang D, Han Z. Effect of Chinese herbal formulae (BU-SHEN-YI-QI granule) treatment on thrombin expression after ischemia/reperfusion. ALL LIFE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2023.2173311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. People’s Republic of China
| | - Sagun Tiwari
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, P.R. People’s Republic of China
- International Education College, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, P.R. People’s Republic of China
| | - John Wong
- School of Nursing and Department of Occupational Therapy, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Honglin Wang
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, P.R. People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongxu Tang
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, P.R. People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenxiang Han
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, P.R. People’s Republic of China
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Dong W, Peng Q, Liu Z, Xie Z, Guo X, Li Y, Chen C. Estrogen plays an important role by influencing the NLRP3 inflammasome. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115554. [PMID: 37738797 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an important part of the natural immune system that plays an important role in many diseases. Estrogen is a sex hormone that plays an important role in controlling reproduction and regulates many physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have indicated that estrogen is associated with disease progression. Estrogen can ameliorate some diseases (e. g, sepsis, mood disturbances, cerebral ischemia, some hepatopathy, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, osteoarthritis, and renal fibrosis) by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome. Estrogen can also promote the development of diseases (e.g., ovarian endometriosis, dry eye disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus) by upregulating the NLRP3 inflammasome. In addition, estrogen has a dual effect on the development of cancers and asthma. However, the mechanism of these effects is not summarized. This article reviewed the progress in understanding the effects of estrogen on the NLRP3 inflammasome and its mechanisms in recent years to provide a theoretical basis for an in-depth study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanglin Dong
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Qianwen Peng
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Zhuoxin Liu
- Clinical College of Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhenxing Xie
- School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Xiajun Guo
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Chaoran Chen
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China.
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Dou X, Ji W, Dai M, Sun S, Chen R, Yang J, Long J, Ge Y, Lin Y. Spatial and temporal mapping of neuron-microglia interaction modes in acute ischemic stroke. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115772. [PMID: 37659736 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for 75-80% of all strokes. Under conditions of ischemia and hypoxia, neurons suffer damage or death, leading to a series of secondary immune reactions. Microglia, the earliest activated immune cells, can exert neurotoxic or neuroprotective effects on neurons through secretion of factors. There exists a complex interaction between neurons and microglia during this process. Moreover, the interaction between them becomes even more complex due to differences in the infarct area and reperfusion time. This review first elaborates on the differences in neuronal death modes between the ischemic core and penumbra, and then introduces the differences in microglial markers across different infarct areas with varying reperfusion time, indicating distinct functions. Finally, we focus on exploring the interaction modes between neurons and microglia in order to precisely target beneficial interactions and inhibit harmful ones, thus providing new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Dou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of BinZhou Medical College, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Maosha Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Shujun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China; Department of Pain, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Juexi Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Junhao Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yangyang Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Yun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China.
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Naseroleslami M, Mousavi Niri N, Hosseinian SB, Aboutaleb N. DNAzyme loaded nano-niosomes attenuate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by targeting apoptosis, inflammation in a NF-κB dependent mechanism. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2127-2136. [PMID: 36941384 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02467-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Although DNAzymes have been found to reduce injury after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R), their efficiency have been limited due to rapid degradation in vivo. Thus, this study was conducted to extend their half-life by encapsulation into nano‑niosomes and examine their cardioprotective effects in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). In order to synthesize nano‑niosomes, surface active agent film hydration method was used. Characterization of nano‑niosomes was performed using the atomic force microscopy (AFM). In order to establish MI/R model in rats, left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was ligated for 30 min. A single dose (150µL) of drug formulations was injected into the infarcted region. The cardiac function was evaluated using echocardiography. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, apoptotic factors, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were evaluated using Western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Particle size of only nano-niosomes was in the range of 60-90 nm, while a shift to 70-110 nm was seen after DNAzyme encapsulation. MI rats treated with DNAzyme‑loaded nano‑niosomes could markedly reduce Bax, caspase3, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB as well as increase Bcl-2 compared to only MI/R group. Collectively, our finding show that nano‑niosomes can be considered excellent drug delivery platforms to extend half-life and stability of DNAzyme, when it is used to reduce myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Naseroleslami
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Mousavi Niri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyede Bahar Hosseinian
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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PHLDA1 knockdown alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced neuronal apoptosis via activating PPARγ in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Brain Res Bull 2023; 194:23-34. [PMID: 36681251 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occur in ischemic stroke. The disruption of these two organelles can directly lead to cell death through various signaling pathways. Thus, investigation of the associated molecular mechanisms in cerebral ischemia is a prerequisite for stroke treatment. Pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 1 (PHLDA1) is a multifunctional protein that can modulate mitochondrial function and ER stress in cardiomyocyte and cancer cells. This work studied the role of PHLDA1 in cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury and explored the underlying mechanisms associated with mitochondrial functions and ER stress. Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R)-treated mice and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-stimulated neurons were used as I/R models in vivo and in vitro, respectively. PHLDA1 was upregulated in ischemic penumbra of MCAO/R-induced mice and OGD/R-exposed neurons. In vitro, PHLDA1 knockdown protected neurons from OGD/R-induced apoptosis. In vivo, PHLDA1 silencing facilitated functional recovery and reduced cerebral infarct volume. Mechanistically, PHLDA1 knockdown promoted PPARγ nuclear translocation, which may mediate the effects on reversion of mitochondrial functions and alleviation of ER stress. In summary, PHLDA1 knockdown alleviates neuronal ischemic injuries in mice. PPARγ activation and mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress attenuation are involved in the underlying mechanisms.
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Zhang W, Han L, Wen Y, Su L, Li Y, Luo X. Electroacupuncture reverses endothelial cell death and promotes angiogenesis through the VEGF/Notch signaling pathway after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2912. [PMID: 36786352 PMCID: PMC10013937 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is an important mechanism of recovery from ischemic stroke. Recent studies have found that there is a close relationship between the VEGF/Notch pathway and angiogenesis. It is unknown whether EA can exert a brain protection effect and promote angiogenesis by acting on the VEGF/Notch signaling pathway after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). METHODS The Middle Cerebral Artery occlusion/Reperfusion (MCAo/R) model was established, in which rats were subjected to occlusion with ischemic intervention for 30 min, followed by reperfusion for 8 h, 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days. The first EA treatment was performed 90 min after the animal model was successfully established, and then EA treatments were performed once a day for 7 days. The 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and neurological deficit examination were performed to assess the level of CIRI and neuroprotection by EA. Expression levels of VEGFA, Notch1, and Hes1 proteins were measured via western blotting, while the morphological changes of ECs and microvasculature in the cortex were determined using an ultrastructural observation method. RESULTS EA treatment of PC6, GV26, and SP6 can significantly improve the neurological function of MCAO/R rats, reduce the volume of cerebral infarction, and modulate the ultrastructure of ECs and microvessels in pathological states. Western blotting revealed that EA increased VEGFA protein expression at 8 h and 3 days after CIRI, as well as Notch1 protein expression at 1 and 7 days. Subsequently, EA activated the VEGF/Notch pathway, increasing the expression of the downstream target protein Hes1, reversing EC death, and promoting angiogenesis. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that EA plays a role in promoting angiogenesis following focal CIRI, and we hypothesized that this was due to the regulation of ECs by the EA-activated VEGF/Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixian Su
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yibing Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xudong Luo
- Department of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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Vitexin Improves Cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion Injury by Attenuating Oxidative Injury and Ferroptosis via Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1signaling. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:980-995. [PMID: 36435955 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03829-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion involves multiple pathological processes and ferroptosis played a crucial role in the disease progression. Nevertheless, whether Vitexin could ameliorate ischemia/reperfusion injury via meditate the ferroptosis still remains unknown. In this study, we established the oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) neuron cell and middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat model. The cell viability, cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were tested by CCK-8 assay and Flow cytometry, respectively. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, TTC, TEM, immunofluorescence analysis and western blot were used to investigate the effects of Vitexin. The results demonstrated that Vitexin could enhanced the cell viability and decreased the cell apoptosis in OGD/R cell model. Meanwhile, incubation with Vitexin maintained the neuroprotective effects in OGD/R induced generation of lipid ROS and neuronal cell ferroptosis via regulated the expressions of Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 relative protein levels. Moreover, treatment with Vitexin reversed brain infracted volume, the normal histopathology and mitochondrial function in MCAO/R rat model. Vitexin significantly decreased the Nrf2 transfer ration from nuclear to cytosol and regulated the expression of Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling both in vitro and in vivo. Nevertheless, the protective effects of Vitexin were blocked with the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385. Vitexin could protect the neuron cell and brain related with the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Vitexin was a useful candidate for stroke therapy and our research may provide an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of stroke.
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Ischemic stroke protected by ISO-1 inhibition of apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2788. [PMID: 36797398 PMCID: PMC9935850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29907-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an immune mediator associated with inflammation, which is upregulated after ischemia in brain tissue. ISO-1 is a potent inhibitor of MIF tautomerase and can protect neurons by reducing the permeability of blood brain barrier (BBB). In this study, we investigated the role of ISO-1 in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by establishing a model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion in rats. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: the sham operation group, the ISO-1group, the cerebral I/R group, and the ISO-1 + I/R group. We assessed the degree of neurological deficit in each group and measured the volume of cerebral infarction. We detected the expression of MIF in the core necrotic area and penumbra. We detected the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), endonuclease G (EndoG) and cytochrome c oxidase-IV (COX-IV) in the ischemic penumbra region. The results showed that MIF was expressed in the ischemic penumbra, while the injection of ISO-1 was able to alleviate neurological damage and reduce the infarction volume. In the cerebral ischemic penumbra region, ISO-1 could reduce the expression of Bax and Caspase3 and inhibit the displacement of AIF and EndoG to the nucleus simultaneously. Besides, ISO-1 also exhibited the ability to reduce apoptosis. In summary, ISO-1 may inhibit neuronal apoptosis through the endogenous mitochondrial pathway and reduce the injury of brain I/R after ischemic stroke.
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Zhao Q, Jing YM, He MT, Jing L, Xi YF, Zhang JZ. Lycium Barbarum polysaccharides ameliorates hyperglycemia-exacerbated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via protecting blood-brain barrier. Transpl Immunol 2023; 76:101757. [PMID: 36436794 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia exacerbates brain damage in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Previous study found that Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) has a neuroprotective effect on hyperglycemia-aggravated ischemic brain injury, which raising the possibility for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of LBP-induced protection by ameliorating hyperglycemia-aggravated ischemia/reperfusion injury needs to be tested. This study aimed to investigate the effects of LBP on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity with a hyperglycemia-aggravated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury model. METHODS Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into three groups: normoglycemic (NG), hyperglycemic (HG), and LBP-pretreated hyperglycemic (HG + LBP). Animals underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 30 min, followed by 1-, 3-, and 7-day of reperfusion. RESULTS Our results showed that the neurological deficit, infarct volume, cell apoptosis, and IgG leakage in the HG group significantly increased separately, compared with that of the NG group, (p < 0.05). Pre-treatment with LBP reversed these injury indicators (p < 0.05). And much more severe degree of swelling endothelium, swollen astrocyte, and decreased tight junctions in the micro-vessel were detected in the HG group comparing to that of the NG group. In addition, increased degree of basement membrane degradation, dissociation between the astrocyte endfeet and basement membrane, and tight junction's protein degradation was found in the HG group compared with the NG group (p < 0.05). However, when exposure to LBP therapy could reverse the above alterations (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that LBP could ameliorate hyperglycemia-exacerbated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via protecting the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China; Department of Pathology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital / Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, Shanxi, China
| | - Yu-Meng Jing
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital / Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, Shanxi, China
| | - Mao-Tao He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China; Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Li Jing
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yan-Feng Xi
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital / Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jian-Zhong Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
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Naseroleslami M, Sharifi M, Rakhshan K, Mokhtari B, Aboutaleb N. Nesfatin-1 attenuates injury in a rat model of myocardial infarction by targeting autophagy, inflammation, and apoptosis. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:122-130. [PMID: 32762481 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1802486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nesfatin-1 plays an important role in the modulation of heart performance. However, it remains unclear how nesfatin-1 contributes to cell survival in acute myocardial infarction (MI). A rat model of MI was established via ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) for 30 min and 20 µg/kg concentration of nesfatin-1 was intraperitoneally infused prior to reperfusion. At 24 h after reperfusion, oxidative stress markers, the expression of caspase3, beclin-1, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the mRNA levels of Bax and Bcl-2 were evaluated. Results showed that nesfatin-1 markedly restored GSH content and SOD activity as well as reduced MDA levels compared to only the MI group (p < .05). Likewise, nesfatin-1 contributed to cell survival by inhibiting autophagy and apoptosis markers such as caspase3 and Bax (p < .05). Collectively, these findings support the idea that nasfatin-1 can be used as a good candidate to treat MI by targeting oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Naseroleslami
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masuomeh Sharifi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Rakhshan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Mokhtari
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Li M, Wang S, Zhang C, Chi C, Liu R, Wang T, Fu F. Escin alleviates stress-induced intestinal dysfunction to protect brain injury by regulating the gut-brain axis in ischemic stroke rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109659. [PMID: 36608442 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyperactivity of HPA axis results in intestinal dysfunction, which may play a role in brain injury caused by ischemic stroke (IS). Escin shows a neuroprotective effect but it may not penetrate blood brain barrier (BBB). Previous work in our laboratory showed that escin ameliorated intestinal injury in animals. The aim of this study is to investigate whether escin attenuates brain injury by improving intestinal dysfunction in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats, to mimic IS. MCAO rats and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced Caco-2 cells were used to evaluate the effects of escin in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that escin could not penetrate BBB but reduced brain infarct volume, improved neurological function, inhibited neuroinflammation, ameliorated intestinal dysfunction and tissue integrity by increasing the expression of the tight junction protein in vivo and in vitro. Escin reduced the increased corticosterone and endotoxin level in blood of MCAO rats, regulated GR/p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in ileal tissue and LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in ischemic brain tissue. These findings suggest that escin could attenuate ischemic brain injury by improving intestinal dysfunction, and it may be a promising way to protect brain injury by protecting intestine, instead of targeting the brain directly after IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, PR China
| | - Shengguang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, PR China
| | - Ce Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Chenglin Chi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Rongxia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Tian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China.
| | - Fenghua Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China.
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Cruz DM, Mostafavi E, Vernet-Crua A, O’Connell CP, Barabadi H, Mobini S, Cholula-Díaz JL, Guisbiers G, García-Martín JM, Webster TJ. Green nanotechnology and nanoselenium for biomedical applications. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818627-5.00001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
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16
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Neuroprotection of boropinol-B in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis. Brain Res 2023; 1798:148132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yildirim BA, Albayrak S. Effect of crocin on experimental gastrocnemius muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2023; 14:201-206. [PMID: 37181854 PMCID: PMC10170470 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2022.548566.3383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury to the lower extremities causes damage to various tissues, notably the limbs. Because research in recent years have demonstrated that saffron and its components are useful in ischemic strokes, the goal of this study was to see whether Crocin (Cr), one of the active constituents in saffron, could protect the gastrocnemius muscle from IR injury. A total number of 32 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups randomly: control, Cr, IR, and IR + Cr. Xylazine and ketamine were used to anesthetize all of the rats. The left lower limbs of the other two groups were subjected to 2 hr of ischemia and 2 hr of reperfusion with tourniquet, with the exception of the control and Cr groups. Tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1β, total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels were assessed in the blood as well as muscle IL-6, IL1β, SOD1-2, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) expression. According to the IR group, increases in TAS levels and decreases in TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels were substantial in the Cr therapy group. Cr significantly reduced IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expression levels in the muscle of the IR group and increased superoxide dismutases 1 (SOD1), SOD2, catalase (CAT), and GPx. Our data showed that Cr protected the gastrocnemius muscle from IR injury in rats and reduced inflammatory markers significantly. These effects of Cr might have been mediated by improved antioxidant enzyme activity, suppression of free radical generation and reduction of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Apaydin Yildirim
- Correspondence Betul Apaydin Yildirim. PhD Department of Biochemistry, Ataturk University Faculty of Veterinary, Erzurum, Türkiye E-mail:
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Behzadifard M, Aboutaleb N, Dolatshahi M, Khorramizadeh M, Mirshekari Jahangiri H, Kord Z, Nazarinia D. Neuroprotective Effects of Conditioned Medium of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC-CM) as a Therapy for Ischemic Stroke Recovery: A Systematic Review. Neurochem Res 2022; 48:1280-1292. [PMID: 36581731 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03848-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that the therapeutic potential of stem cells is mainly mediated by their paracrine factors. In order to identify the effects of conditioned medium of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-CM) against stroke, a systematic review was conducted. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases for all available articles relevant to the effects of MSC-CM against the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of ischemic stroke until August 2022. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using The STAIR scale. During the systematic search, a total of 356 published articles were found. A total of 15 datasets were included following screening for eligibility. The type of cerebral ischemia was the MCAO model and CM was obtained from MSCs. The results showed that the therapeutic time window can be considered a crucial factor when researchers use MSC-CM for stroke therapy. In addition, MSC-CM therapy contributes to functional recovery and reduces infarct volume after stroke by targeting different cellular signaling pathways. Our findings showed that MSC-CM therapy has the ability to improve functional recovery and attenuate brain infarct volume after ischemic stroke in preclinical studies. We hope our study accelerates needed progress towards clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Behzadifard
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Dolatshahi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Maryam Khorramizadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | | | - Zeynab Kord
- Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Donya Nazarinia
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran. .,Department of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
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Ahmadi S, Seraj M, Chiani M, Hosseini S, Bazzazan S, Akbarzadeh I, Saffar S, Mostafavi E. In vitro Development of Controlled-Release Nanoniosomes for Improved Delivery and Anticancer Activity of Letrozole for Breast Cancer Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6233-6255. [PMID: 36531115 PMCID: PMC9753765 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s384085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is among the most prevalent mortal cancers in women worldwide. In the present study, an optimum formulation of letrozole, letrozole-loaded niosome, and empty niosome was developed, and the anticancer effect was assessed in in vitro MCF-7, MCF10A and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Various niosomal formulations of letrozole were fabricated through thin-film hydration method and characterized in terms of size, polydispersity index (PDI), morphology, entrapment efficiency (EE%), release kinetics, and stability. Optimized niosomal formulation of letrozole was achieved by response surface methodology (RSM). Antiproliferative activity and the mechanism were assessed by MTT assay, quantitative real-time PCR, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, cellular uptake of optimum formulation was evaluated by confocal electron microscopy. RESULTS The formulated letrozole had a spherical shape and showed a slow-release profile of the drug after 72 h. The size, PDI, and eEE% of nanoparticles showed higher stability at 4°C compared with 25°C. The drug release from niosomes was in accordance with Korsmeyer-Peppa's kinetic model. Confocal microscopy revealed the localization of drug-loaded niosomes in the cancer cells. MTT assay revealed that all samples exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells. The IC50 of mixed formulation of letrozole with letrozole-loaded niosome (L + L3) is the lowest value among all prepared formulations. L+L3 influenced the gene expression in the tested breast cancer cell lines by down-regulating the expression of Bcl 2 gene while up-regulating the expression of p53 and Bax genes. The flow cytometry results revealed that L + L3 enhanced the apoptosis rate in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines compared with the letrozole (L), letrozole-loaded niosome (L3), and control sample. CONCLUSION Results indicated that niosomes could be a promising drug carrier for the delivery of letrozole to breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeedeh Ahmadi
- Department of Nano Biotechnology, New Technology Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Seraj
- Integrative Research Laboratory, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Chiani
- Department of Nano Biotechnology, New Technology Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedayin Hosseini
- School of Medicine, Sh Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Bazzazan
- Core Facility Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Akbarzadeh
- Department of Nano Biotechnology, New Technology Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Saffar
- Core Facility Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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Apelin-13 attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through regulating inflammation and targeting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. J Chem Neuroanat 2022; 126:102171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2022.102171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Li L, Zhang D, Yao W, Wu Z, Cheng J, Ji Y, Dong L, Zhao C, Wang H. Ligustrazine exerts neuroprotective effects via circ_0008146/miR-709/Cx3cr1 axis to inhibit cell apoptosis and inflammation after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Brain Res Bull 2022; 190:244-255. [PMID: 36244580 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ligustrazine is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has long been used to treat cerebral ischemic disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms of ligustrazine in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage have not been clear elucidated. The aim of this study was to examine the neuroprotective mechanisms of ligustrazine in cerebral I/R. METHODS 9 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided to three groups: Sham group (n = 3), Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group (n = 3), and MCAO + Ligustrazine group (n = 3). The neurological deficit score was evaluated, the cerebral infarct volume was measured by triphenylterazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Differentially expressed (DE) messenger RNAs (mRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) were analyzed using the R package DEseq2 based on P-value < 0.05 and Log2 |fold change (FC)| ≥ 2 in sham group vs MCAO group and MCAO group vs ligustrazine group by high-throughput sequencing. Function enrichment analysis, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) of neurogenesis related genes were performed. The neurogenesis related competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed. RESULTS The expression of circ_0008146 was considerably higher in the MCAO group than the Sham group, and ligustrazine treatment markedly decreased the expression of circ_0008146 in MCAO. Next, the circ_0008146 ceRNA network was established, including circ_0008146-miR-709-Cx3cr1 ceRNA network. Besides, real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay identified that miR-709 expression was considerably lower and Cx3cr1 expression was higher in the MCAO group than Sham group, and ligustrazine treatment markedly increased the miR-709 expression and reduced Cx3cr1 expression in MCAO. Further, silencing of circ_0008146 inhibited the concentration of Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) and reduced neuron cell death and up-regulated miR-709 expression and down-regulated Cx3cr1 expression in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced BV-2 cells. Dual-Luciferase reporter gene assay verified that circ_0008146 targeted miR-709. CONCLUSION Ligustrazine targets circ_0008146/miR-709/Cx3cr1 axis to inhibit cell apoptosis and inflammation after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
| | - DingWen Zhang
- NYU School of Global Public Health, 708 Broadway, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wentao Yao
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Zongkai Wu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Jinming Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Yingxiao Ji
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Lipeng Dong
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Congying Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Hebo Wang
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China.
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Taurine-Upregulated Gene 1 Attenuates Cerebral Angiogenesis following Ischemic Stroke in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1037525. [PMID: 36330459 PMCID: PMC9626194 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1037525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective Angiogenesis is one of the therapeutic targets of cerebral infarction. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate the pathological process of angiogenesis following ischemic stroke. Taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1), an lncRNA, is correlated to ischemic stroke. We intended to determine the effect of TUG1 on angiogenesis following an ischemic stroke. Materials and Methods Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was adopted to build a focal ischemic model of the rat brain, and pcDNA-TUG1 and miR-26a mimics were injected into rats. Neurological function was estimated through modified neurological severity scores. The volume of focal brain infarction was calculated through 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The level of TUG1 and miR-26a was measured by PCR. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD31 was checked using immunohistochemistry and western blot. The correlation between miR-26a and TUG1 was verified through a luciferase reporter assay. Results TUG1 increased noticeably while miR-26a was markedly reduced in MCAO rats. Overexpression of miR-26a improved neurological function recovery and enhanced cerebral angiogenesis in MCAO rats. TUG1 overexpression aggravated neurological deficits and suppressed cerebral angiogenesis in MCAO rats. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that miR-26a was one of the predicted targets of TUG1. Furthermore, TUG1 combined with miR-26a to regulate angiogenesis. TUG1 overexpression antagonized the role of miR-26a in neurological recovery and angiogenesis in MCAO rats. Conclusions TUG1/miR-26a, which may act as a regulatory axis in angiogenesis following ischemic stroke, can be considered a potential target for cerebral infarction therapy.
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The Combination of Individual Herb of Mi-Jian-Chang-Pu Formula Exerts a Synergistic Effect in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9365760. [PMID: 36312894 PMCID: PMC9597002 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9365760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mi-Jian-Chang-Pu formula (MJCPF), composed of Crocus sativus L. and Acorus tatarinowii Schott, is a well-known TCM for treatment of hemiplegia, facial paralysis as well as language dysfunction caused by stroke both in ancient and modern times. By using pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and metabolomics, our present study discusses whether the combination of individual herbs or major active components of MJCPF possess synergistic neuroprotective effects against ischemic stroke (IS). 108 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and equally divided into 9 groups, including sham group (N, vehicle), middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model group (M, vehicle), positive group (P, 36 mg/kg/day nimodipine), crocin I (A1, 40 mg/kg/day), β-asarone (B1, 15 mg/kg/day), crocin I + β-asarone (A1B1, 55 mg/kg/day), C. sativus (A, 580 mg/kg/day), A. tatarinowii (B, 480 mg/kg/day), and C. sativus + A. tatarinowii, also named MJCPF (AB, 1060 mg/kg/day) groups. All drugs were orally administered to rats once a day for 14 consecutive days. Neurological deficit score, cerebral infarct volume, body weight change, TTC, HE and IHC staining, behavioral evaluation, metabolic profiles, and pharmacokinetic parameters were determined. MCAO led to severe brain damage including large infarct volume, more severe brain tissue injury, and worse neurological function as compared to the sham rats. All treatment groups showed a significant neuroprotective effect on MCAO rats. Furthermore, the pharmacodynamics' results demonstrated that MJCPF had a synergistic effect evidenced by small infarct volume, more regular arrangement of neuronal cells, and more improved neural function, and the levels of inflammatory factors were closer to normality. A total of 53 differential metabolites between MCAO and sham groups were screened by integration of serum and brain metabolisms, all of which were restored at varying degrees in treatment. PCA and PLS-DA analysis showed that the levels of differential metabolites treated with MJCPF were closer to the sham group than the individual herb and single compound alone or A1B1 combination. The pharmacokinetic parameters further verified the above results that MJCPF could synergistically promote drug absorption greater than others. Our integrated pharmacodynamics, metabolomics, and pharmacokinetic approach reveals the synergistic effect of MJCPF on treatment of IS, which powerfully contribute to the understanding of scientific connotation of TMC formula.
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Effects of Lycopene Attenuating Injuries in Ischemia and Reperfusion. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9309327. [PMID: 36246396 PMCID: PMC9568330 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9309327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tissue and organ ischemia can lead to cell trauma, tissue necrosis, irreversible damage, and death. While intended to reverse ischemia, reperfusion can further aggravate an ischemic injury (ischemia-reperfusion injury, I/R injury) through a range of pathologic processes. An I/R injury to one organ can also harm other organs, leading to systemic multiorgan failure. A type of carotenoid, lycopene, has been shown to treat and prevent many diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, male infertility, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular disease), making it a hot research topic in health care. Some recent researches have suggested that lycopene can evidently ameliorate ischemic and I/R injuries to many organs, but few clinical studies are available. Therefore, it is essential to review the effects of lycopene on ischemic and I/R injuries to different organs, which may help further research into its potential clinical applications.
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Inhibition of Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by MSCs-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles in Rodent Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:3933252. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/3933252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown great therapeutic potential in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). In this study, we firstly performed a systematic review to evaluate the efficacy of MSCs-derived sEV for experimental cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. 24 studies were identified by searching 8 databases from January 2012 to August 2022. The methodological quality was assessed by using the SYRCLE ‘s risk of bias tool for animal studies. All the data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software. As a result, the score of study quality ranged from 3 to 9 in a total of ten points. Meta-analyses showed that MSCs-derived sEVs could effectively alleviate neurological impairment scores, reduced the volume of cerebral infarction and brain water content, and attenuated neuronal apoptosis. Additionally, the possible mechanisms of MSCs-derived sEVs for attenuating neuronal apoptosis were inhibiting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. Thus, MSCs-derived sEVs might be regarded as a novel insight for cerebral ischemic stroke. However, further mechanistic studies, therapeutic safety, and clinical trials are required. Systematic review registration. PROSPERO CRD42022312227.
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Zhu A, Lin Y, Hu X, Lin Z, Lin Y, Xie Q, Ni S, Cheng H, Lu Q, Lai S, Pan G, Chen X, Pang W, Liu C. Treadmill exercise decreases cerebral edema in rats with local cerebral infarction by modulating AQP4 polar expression through the caveolin-1/TRPV4 signaling pathway. Brain Res Bull 2022; 188:155-168. [PMID: 35961528 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Rehabilitation therapy is beneficial for patients with ischemic stroke. Our previous study showed that treadmill training is conducive to neurological function in rats that underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). However, whether exercise benefits cerebral edema and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. This study investigated the influence of treadmill exercise on brain edema and the mechanism of its formation and elimination. The MCAO model was established with Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, and lentivirus-mediated caveolin-1 shRNA was used to investigate the role of caveolin-1 in brain edema. As expected, we found that treadmill exercise has a beneficial effect on brain edema after stroke. Training led to a significant increase in the expression of caveolin-1 and TRPV4; and reduced brain water content and blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. This treatment also changed the localization of aquaporin-4 (AQP4). Moreover, the effect of treadmill training on the polar expression of AQP4 differed over time. The results showed that early treadmill training inhibited the polar expression of AQP4, and later promoted its expression. However, the rats that were injected with the caveolin-1 shRNA lentivirus exhibited enhanced edema. Caveolin-1 shRNA eliminated the protective effect induced by exercise, which is consistent with the downregulation of TRPV4 expression. The findings indicate that treadmill training improves brain edema through the caveolin-1/TRPV4/AQP4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zhu
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuanbo Hu
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zaizai Lin
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongqiang Lin
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingfeng Xie
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaobo Ni
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 108, Wansong Road, Ruian, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaoya Lu
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanshan Lai
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guoyuan Pan
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234, Gucui Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wei Pang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 419, Dexiang Street, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Chan Liu
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Döring K, Sperling S, Ninkovic M, Schroeder H, Fischer A, Stadelmann C, Streit F, Binder L, Mielke D, Rohde V, Malinova V. Ultrasound-Induced Release of Nimodipine from Drug-Loaded Block Copolymer Micelles: In Vivo Analysis. Transl Stroke Res 2022; 13:792-800. [PMID: 34988870 PMCID: PMC9391244 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-021-00979-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Nimodipine prevents cerebral vasospasm and improves functional outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). The beneficial effect is limited by low oral bioavailability of nimodipine, which resulted in an increasing use of nanocarriers with sustained intrathecal drug release in order to overcome this limitation. However, this approach facilitates only a continuous and not an on-demand nimodipine release during the peak time of vasospasm development. In this study, we aimed to assess the concept of controlled drug release from nimodipine-loaded copolymers by ultrasound application in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Nimodipine-loaded copolymers were produced with the direct dissolution method. Vasospasm of the CAM vessels was induced by means of ultrasound (Physiomed, continuous wave, 3 MHz, 1.0 W/cm2). The ultrasound-mediated nimodipine release (Physiomed, continuous wave, 1 MHz, 1.7 W/cm2) and its effect on the CAM vessels were evaluated. Measurements of vessel diameter before and after ultrasound-induced nimodipine release were performed using ImageJ. The CAM model could be successfully carried out in all 25 eggs. After vasospasm induction and before drug release, the mean vessel diameter was at 57% (range 44-61%) compared to the baseline diameter (set at 100%). After ultrasound-induced drug release, the mean vessel diameter of spastic vessels increased again to 89% (range 83-91%) of their baseline diameter, which was significant (p = 0.0002). We were able to provide a proof of concept for in vivo vasospasm induction by ultrasound application in the CAM model and subsequent resolution by ultrasound-mediated nimodipine release from nanocarriers. This concept merits further evaluation in a rat SAH model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Döring
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Swetlana Sperling
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Milena Ninkovic
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Henning Schroeder
- Department for Epigenetics and System Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
| | - André Fischer
- Department for Epigenetics and System Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christine Stadelmann
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Streit
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Binder
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dorothee Mielke
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Veit Rohde
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vesna Malinova
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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Hou JY, Cao GZ, Tian LL, Zhou R, Zhang Y, Xu H, Wu HW, Wang LF, Yang HJ, Zhang JJ. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis reveals that C3 and C5 are vital targets of DuZhi Wan in protecting against cerebral ischemic injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113703. [PMID: 36126455 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Duzhi Wan (DZW) has been extensively used in the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke, but the mechanisms underlying its effects remain unclear. In this study, a combination of transcriptomics, metabolomics and network analysis was applied to identify the preventive mechanism of DZW in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS The mice were divided into five groups: the sham group, I/R group, I/R + Ginaton group, I/R+DZW-L group, and I/R+DZW-H group. Neurological deficit scores and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Nissl staining results were evaluated. Transcriptomics analysis and metabolomics analysis were applied to identify the key genes and metabolites, and qRT-PCR, ELISA, and immunofluorescence were applied to verify the key targets. RESULTS DZW significantly decreased the infarction size and neurological deficit scores, increased the rCBF percentage and neuronal number and improved neuronal morphology after MCAO. Transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis revealed that C3 and C5ar1 were core targets of DZW and indirectly regulated downstream purine metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, and glycerophospholipid metabolism-associated pathways via inflammatory cells. Moreover, ELISA, qRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence further confirmed that DZW significantly decreased the expression of C3, C5ar1, C5 and downstream inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-1β and MMP-9, at the gene and protein levels, suggesting that DZW decreased neuroinflammation and inhibited related metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION C3 and C5 play important roles in the neuroprotective and antineuroinflammatory effects of DZW in protecting against cerebral I/R. This study provides novel insights into the neuroprotective effects of DZW and its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Hou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Guang-Zhao Cao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liang-Liang Tian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - He Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hong-Wei Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Li-Fang Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hong-Jun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China.
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The Effect of Ghrelin on Apoptosis, Necroptosis and Autophagy Programmed Cell Death Pathways in the Hippocampal Neurons of Amyloid-β 1–42-Induced Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease. Int J Pept Res Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-022-10457-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Edaravone Dexborneol Downregulates Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Expression and Ameliorates Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:3855698. [PMID: 36032782 PMCID: PMC9410976 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3855698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous work has shown that inflammatory processes play a detrimental role in the pathophysiology of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been recognized as a key contributor to the proinflammatory response in AIS and could aggravate blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. Recently, experimental and clinical researches showed that Edaravone Dexborneol (Eda.B), which is comprised of two active ingredients, Edaravone and (+)-Borneol, was effective in treatment of AIS. However, it is not clear whether the effects of Eda.B against AIS are related to NETs and BBB permeability. Methods Experiment 1 was to detect the effects of Eda.B in AIS patients. Serum samples of volunteers and AIS patients were collected before and 3 days after Edaravone Dexborneol treatment. Markers of NETs and occludin were detected by ELISA kit. Experiment 2 was to explore the effects of Eda.B on experimental stroke mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and treated with vehicle, Eda.B, or DeoxyribonueleaseI (DNase I). After stroke, the neurobehavioral tests, infarct volume, and cerebral blood flow evaluation were determined. Leakage of Evans blue was to assess the integrity of BBB. Western blot, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and immunofluorescence were used to examine the expression of NETs and tight junction- (TJ-) associated proteins. Results Eda.B significantly improved neurological function and cerebral blood flow but reduced infarct volume after experimental stroke. Eda.B downregulated level of NETs in serum samples of AIS patients and tissue samples of MCAO mouse cortex. Eda.B and DNase I alleviated BBB permeability by upregulating TJ-associated proteins. Conclusion NETs are related to the early stage of AIS. Eda.B exerted neuroprotective effects and ameliorated BBB permeability after AIS.
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Cell Death Mechanisms in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:3525-3542. [PMID: 35976487 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03697-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality, affecting millions of people worldwide. Inevitably, the interruption of cerebral blood supply after ischemia may promote a cascade of pathophysiological processes. Moreover, the subsequent restoration of blood flow and reoxygenation may further aggravate brain tissue injury. Although recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is the only approved therapy for restoring blood perfusion, the reperfusion injury and the narrow therapeutic time window restrict its application for most stroke patients. Increasing evidence indicates that multiple cell death mechanisms are relevant to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, including apoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and so on. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehend various cell death mechanisms and their interactions. In this review, we summarize the various signaling pathways underlying cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and elaborate on the crosstalk between the different mechanisms.
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Neuroprotective Effect of Polyherbal Recipe Containing Ginger, Chinese Date, and Wood Ear Mushroom against Ischemic Stroke with Metabolic Syndrome Condition via Epigenetic Modification of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8940303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the prevalence of stroke with metabolic syndrome (MetS) is increasing and the current therapeutic efficiency is still limited. Therefore, the applications of herbal recipes have gained much attention. The polyherbal recipe containing ginger, Chinese date, and wood ear mushroom is reputed for atherosclerosis and stroke prevention. It has been long-term consumed without scientific support. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the neuroprotective effect and its mechanisms in animal model of ischemic stroke with MetS. Male Wistar rats weighing 180-220 g were exposed to a 16-week high-fat high-carbohydrate feeding. The rats with the MetS characteristic were exposed to a temporary occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery (MCAO) for 90 minutes. They were orally fed with the polyherbal recipe (GCJ) at the doses of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BW for 21 days and assessed the neurological deficit, ion volume, cortical neuron density in the cerebral cortex, oxidative stress status, inflammation, and expressions of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) and DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). The results showed that GCJ significantly improved all mentioned parameters. Therefore, GCJ is the potential neuroprotectant against ischemic stroke with MetS. The underlying mechanisms may involve the reduction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and the modification of epigenetic mechanism via the reduction of HDAC3 and DNMT1. However, further clinical investigation is essential to confirm this positive modulation effect.
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Gong P, Tian Q, He Y, He P, Wang J, Guo Y, Ye Q, Li M. Dental pulp stem cell transplantation facilitates neuronal neuroprotection following cerebral ischemic stroke. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113234. [PMID: 35689857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify and evaluate the intracranial transplantation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) as a possible ischemic stroke therapy that mitigates neuronal death/apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS DPSCs were isolated from the impacted third molars of healthy volunteers and then intracranially injected at 24 h post-ischemic stroke to Sprague Dawley rats that had been subjected to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neurological functional deficits were assessed using the modified neurological severity score (mNSS), and cerebral edema was quantified using brain water content. Neuronal death/apoptosis was indicated by TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) staining, NeuN immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analysis of the protein expression of anti-apoptotic indicator of Bcl-2 and apoptotic indicators of Bax and caspase 3. RESULTS DPSC transplantation could ameliorate neurological dysfunction and brain edema, reduce infarct volume, decrease the percentage of TUNEL-positive nuclei, increase the number and percentage of NeuN-positive cells in ischemic penumbra, increase the ratio of Bcl-2 and Bax and down-regulate the production of caspase 3 in the cortical infarct zone. CONCLUSIONS DPSC therapy via intracranial injection exerted remarkably neuroprotection mainly by inhibiting neuronal death/apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pian Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Qi Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Yan He
- Regenerative Medicine Lab, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, China
| | - Peibang He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Yujia Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China.
| | - Mingchang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China.
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Yan C, An F, Wang J, Shi Y, Yuan L, Lv D, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Wang Y. Zhongfeng Capsules protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via mediating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt and toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways by regulating neuronal apoptosis and inflammation. Apoptosis 2022; 27:561-576. [PMID: 35674851 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01739-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory reaction and neuronal apoptosis are the major pathophysiological mechanisms involved in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI). It has been reported that Zhongfeng Capsules (ZFCs), which contain Panax notoginseng, Hirudo, Red ginseng, Eupolyphaga sinensis, Pangolin scales, Rhubarb, and Radix Salvia miltiorrhizae, have a definite therapeutic effect on CI/RI. However, the specific molecular mechanisms of ZFCs are unclear. In this study, the effects of ZFCs on middle cerebral artery occlusion were investigated in rats. Our results showed that neurological impairment and neuronal apoptosis were alleviated in ZFC-treated rats. Additionally, infarct volume and cerebral edema decreased and there was an improvement in histopathological features. Furthermore, the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were downregulated in ZFC-treated rats. TLR 4, NF-κB, Bax, and Caspase-3 expression also tended to decrease, whereas the expression of Bcl-2, p-PI3K, p-Akt, and I-κBα increased. The results indicate that the ZFCs effectively protected the rats against CI/RI possibly via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, the formulation regulated the transcriptional activity of NF-κB, secretion of downstream inflammatory factors, and the expression of Bcl-2-Bax proteins in the PI3K/Akt pathway. Our findings suggest that ZFCs suppress neuronal apoptosis and inflammatory reaction via the PI3K/Akt and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways, respectively. Moreover, activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway may result in the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine secretion, which may be another mechanism by which ZFCs alleviate CI/RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlu Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Fangyu An
- Teaching Experiment Training Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yao Shi
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Lingqing Yuan
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Donghui Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yanzhen Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yongqi Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Xu J, Huang X, Liu S, Chen D, Xie Y, Zhao Z. The protective effects of lncRNA ZFAS1/miR-421-3p/MEF2C axis on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1915-1931. [PMID: 35880950 PMCID: PMC9415620 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2060627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNA ZNFX1 antisense RNA 1 (ZFAS1) could improve neuronal damage and inhibit inflammation and apoptosis. We conducted an in-depth exploration on the protective mechanism of ZFAS1 in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Overexpressed or silenced plasmids of ZFAS1 were transfected into the cells to analyze the effects of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) treatment on the viability, apoptosis and related gene expressions of Neuro-2a cell by performing MTT assay, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and Western blot. Bioinformatic analysis, qRT-PCR, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to screen and verify the miRNA(s) which could competitively bind with ZFAS1 and downstream mRNA(s) targeted by the miRNA(s). The effects of ZFAS1 and the above target miRNA(s) or gene(s) on the apoptosis of OGD/R-injured cells, apoptosis-related proteins, inflammatory factors and p65/IκBα pathway were further verified via the rescue test. The results from the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model in vivo were consistent with those from the cellular experiments. The expression of lncRNA ZFAS1 in OGD/R-injured cells was inhibited, and the up-regulation of ZFAS1 protected Neuro-2a cells. MiR-421-3p was predicted to be the target miRNA of ZFAS1 and could offset the protective effect of ZFAS1 overexpression on OGD/R-injured cells following its up-regulation. MEF2C, which was the downstream target gene of miR-421-3p, reversed the OGD/R-induced enhanced cell damage caused by miR-421-3p mimic when MEF2C was overexpressed. In in vivo studies, ZFAS1 overexpression reduced brain tissue infarction, apoptosis and gene regulation caused by MCAO, while miR-421-3p mimic had the opposite effect. Collectively, the regulation of lncRNA ZFAS1/miR-421-3p/MEF2C axis showed protective effects on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangqi Xu
- Geriatrics Department, Jiu Jiang No. 1 People's Hospital Jiujiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Geriatrics Department, Jiu Jiang No. 1 People's Hospital Jiujiang, China
| | - Shixiang Liu
- Geriatrics Department, Jiu Jiang No. 1 People's Hospital Jiujiang, China
| | - Dongdong Chen
- Geriatrics Department, Jiu Jiang No. 1 People's Hospital Jiujiang, China
| | - Yufang Xie
- Geriatrics Department, Jiu Jiang No. 1 People's Hospital Jiujiang, China
| | - Zhenwu Zhao
- Emergency Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
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Liu H, Li J, Jiang L, He J, Zhang H, Wang K. Dexmedetomidine pretreatment alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting neuroinflammation through the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Braz J Med Biol Res 2022; 55:e12145. [PMID: 35858000 PMCID: PMC9296126 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2022e12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is known to provide neuroprotection against cerebral
ischemia and reperfusion injury (CIRI), but the exact mechanisms remain unclear.
This study was conducted to investigate whether DEX pretreatment conferred
neuroprotection against CIRI by inhibiting neuroinflammation through the
JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was
performed to establish a cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model.
Specific-pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into Sham,
I/R, DEX, DEX+IL-6, and AG490 (a selective inhibitor of JAK2) groups. The Longa
score, TTC staining, and HE staining were used to evaluate brain damage. ELISA
was used to exam levels of TNF-α. Western blotting was used to assess the levels
of JAK2, phosphorylated-JAK2 (p-JAK2), STAT3, and phosphorylated-STAT3
(p-STAT3). Our results suggested that both pretreatment with DEX and AG490
decreased the Longa score and cerebral infarct areas following cerebral I/R.
After treatment with IL-6, the effects of DEX on abrogating these pathological
changes were reduced. HE staining revealed that I/R-induced neuronal
pathological changes were attenuated by DEX application, consistent with the
AG490 group. However, these effects of DEX were abolished by IL-6. Furthermore,
TNF-α levels were significantly increased in the I/R group, accompanied by an
increase in the levels of the p-JAK2 and p-STAT3. DEX and AG490 pretreatment
down-regulated the expressions of TNF-α, p-JAK2, and p-STAT3. In contrast, the
down-regulation of TNF-α, p-JAK2, and p-STAT3 induced by DEX was reversed by
IL-6. Collectively, our results indicated that DEX pretreatment conferred
neuroprotection against CIRI by inhibiting neuroinflammation via negatively
regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,College of Postgraduate, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Jianli Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jinhua He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Keyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Yang J, Yang C, Yang Y, Jia N, Sun Q, Ji S. Endothelial Protection of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Enhances Angiogenesis Mediated by eNOS Pathway Following Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats. Int J Pept Res Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-022-10434-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cao Y, Yang L, Cheng H. Ginkgolide B Protects Against Ischemic Stroke via Targeting AMPK/PINK1. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:941094. [PMID: 35837278 PMCID: PMC9273931 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.941094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Ginkgolide B (GB), which is an active constituent derived from Ginkgo biloba leaves, has been reported to ameliorate Alzheimer’s disease (AD), ischemic stroke, as well as other neurodegenerative diseases due to its viable immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory functions. However, it has yet to be proven whether GB inhibits neuronal apoptosis in ischemic stroke. Methods: In the present research, the inhibition function of GB on neuronal apoptosis and its underpinning process(s) after cerebral ischemia were studied through transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (t-MCAO) in an in vivo rat model as well as in cultured SH-SY5Y cells subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)/reoxygenation in vitro. The neurological score was calculated and Nissl and TUNEL staining were performed to evaluate the stroke outcome, neuronal loss, and neuronal apoptosis. Subsequently, the western blot was utilized to detect Bcl2 and p-AMPK/AMPK expression. Results: Compared to t-MCAO rats, rats receiving GB treatment showed a significant reduction of neuronal loss and apoptosis and improved neurological behavior at 72 h after MCAO. GB treatment also upregulated the expression of Bcl2 and p-AMPK. In vitro, GB suppressed the apoptosis in OGD/reoxygenation-challenged neuronal SH-SY5Y cells through AMPK activation. Conclusions: Our observations suggest that GB enhanced AMPK activation in neural cells, reducing neuronal apoptosis, thus eventually preventing ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yile Cao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Taizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Yang, ; Hong Cheng,
| | - Hong Cheng
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Yang, ; Hong Cheng,
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Cai H, Huang LY, Hong R, Song JX, Guo XJ, Zhou W, Hu ZL, Wang W, Wang YL, Shen JG, Qi SH. Momordica charantia Exosome-Like Nanoparticles Exert Neuroprotective Effects Against Ischemic Brain Injury via Inhibiting Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 and Activating the AKT/GSK3β Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:908830. [PMID: 35814200 PMCID: PMC9263912 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.908830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant exosome-like nanoparticles (ELNs) have shown great potential in treating tumor and inflammatory diseases, but the neuroprotective effect of plant ELNs remains unknown. In the present study, we isolated and characterized novel ELNs from Momordica charantia (MC) and investigated their neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. In the present study, MC-ELNs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and MC-ELN injection intravenously. The integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) was examined by Evans blue staining and with the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), claudin-5, and ZO-1. Neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL and the expression of apoptotic proteins including Bcl2, Bax, and cleaved caspase 3. The major discoveries include: 1) Dil-labeled MC-ELNs were identified in the infarct area; 2) MC-ELN treatment significantly ameliorated BBB disruption, decreased infarct sizes, and reduced neurological deficit scores; 3) MC-ELN treatment obviously downregulated the expression of MMP-9 and upregulated the expression of ZO-1 and claudin-5. Small RNA-sequencing revealed that MC-ELN-derived miRNA5266 reduced MMP-9 expression. Furthermore, MC-ELN treatment significantly upregulated the AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway and attenuated neuronal apoptosis in HT22 cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that MC-ELNs attenuate ischemia-reperfusion–induced damage to the BBB and inhibit neuronal apoptosis probably via the upregulation of the AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Cai
- Pharmacology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lin-Yan Huang
- Medical and Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, And Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, Xuzhou, China
| | - Rui Hong
- Pharmacology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jin-Xiu Song
- Pharmacology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xin-Jian Guo
- Medical and Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, And Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Li Hu
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wan Wang
- Medical and Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, And Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wang
- Medical and Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, And Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jian-Gang Shen
- Medical and Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, And Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, Xuzhou, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- *Correspondence: Su-Hua Qi, ; Jian-Gang Shen,
| | - Su-Hua Qi
- Pharmacology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Medical and Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, And Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, Xuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Su-Hua Qi, ; Jian-Gang Shen,
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Treadmill Training Reduces Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Ferroptosis through Activation of SLC7A11/GPX4. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8693664. [PMID: 35707270 PMCID: PMC9192201 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8693664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism by which exercise training attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, especially in the regulation of iron level in neuronal damage, has not been systematically studied. Here, we showed that treadmill training inhibited ferroptosis after I/R injury in rats. Modified neurologic severity score (mNSS) test showed that the motor function, reflex, and balance abilities in the I/R injury rats after treadmill intervention were significantly improved. Treadmill training decreased the level of lipid peroxides in the cerebral cortex of ischemic rats. We found that the protein levels of ferroptosis-related proteins including nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), cystine/glutamate reverse transporter (SLC7A11), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) were decreased in rats after cerebral I/R injury, while treadmill training prevented the reduction of these proteins. Furthermore, we demonstrated that erastin- (a ferroptosis activator-) induced downregulation of SLC7A11 reversed the neuroprotective effect of treadmill training. This study provides the first evidence suggesting that treadmill training suppresses ferroptosis by activating the SLC7A11/GPx4 pathway, thereby protecting against cerebral I/R injury.
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Lingling D, Miaomiao Q, Yili L, Hongyun H, Yihao D. Attenuation of histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation (H4K16ac) elicits a neuroprotection against ischemic stroke by alleviating the autophagic/lysosomal dysfunction in neurons at the penumbra. Brain Res Bull 2022; 184:24-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Afolabi OA, Anyogu DC, Hamed MA, Odetayo AF, Adeyemi DH, Akhigbe RE. Glutamine prevents upregulation of NF-kB signaling and caspase 3 activation in ischaemia/reperfusion-induced testicular damage: An animal model. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113056. [PMID: 35658227 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Testicular ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major consequence of testicular torsion with possible attendant risk of male infertility. Glutamine, on the other hand, is a known antioxidant with anti-inflammatory potential. The present study evaluated whether or not glutamine would improve I/R-induced testicular injury in torsion/detorsion (T/D). The possible associated mechanisms were also investigated. METHODS Wistar rats were randomly allotted into four groups (n = 10); sham-operated, glutamine-treated, T/D, and T/D + glutamine. Testicular torsion was induced and reperfusion established after two and a half hour under ketamine/xylazine anaethesia. Glutamine was administered one hour before reperfusion and continued daily for 3 days. At the end of the study, animals were euthanized, blood samples obtained, epididymal sperm suspension collected, and the testes harvested for biochemical and histopathological assays using established methods. RESULTS Glutamine prevented T/D-driven I/R-induced reduced sperm quality, impaired testicular histoarchitecture, and suppressed circulating testosterone. Also, glutamine abated I/R-induced oxidative stress (evidenced by reduced hydrogen peroxide and MDA generation and enhanced concentrations and activities of antioxidants), inflammation (evidenced by suppression of TNF-α and IL-1β), and apoptosis (evidenced by reduced DNA fragmentation) by down-regulating NF-kB and caspase 3 activity. CONCLUSION For the first time, this study demonstrated that glutamine administration improved testicular I/R injury in T/D rat model by maintaining testicular redox balance, and testicular integrity and function via inhibition of I/R-induced upregulation of NF-kB signaling and caspase 3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Afolabi
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - D C Anyogu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - M A Hamed
- Brainwill Laboratories, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria; Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A F Odetayo
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - D H Adeyemi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - R E Akhigbe
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria.
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Hu C, Chen X, Wang M, Zhang L, Gao D, Zhang L. Analgecine protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion through apoptosis inhibition and anti-neuroinflammation in rats. Neuropeptides 2022; 93:102230. [PMID: 35378359 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2022.102230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stroke influence the quality of life of patients and leave big public health issues as acute cerebrovascular disease all over the world. Analgecine (AGC) relieves pain and accelerates repair of nerve injury. This current study aims to observe the pharmacological effects and related mechanisms of AGC in cerebral ischemic stroke among middle cerebral artery ischemia-reperfusion (MCAO) rats. After seven days of AGC administration, motor function was enhanced as evidenced by the prehensile traction test. Morphological ameliorations were observed by immunohistochemistry analysis. The protein expression levels of HSP70, Bcl-2, Bax, TRAF-6, MyD88, BDNF, NGF, pCREB, CREB, pTrkB, TrkB, pAKT and AKT were estimated by western blot. Meanwhile, AGC alleviated MCAO-induced inflammation chiefly by decreasing inflammatory cytokines in rat brain tissues. These results above suggested that MCAO-caused brain infarction was obviously alleviated by AGC. The immunohistochemistry data showed that AGC reduced neuronal injury and apoptosis, and inhibited microglia and astrocytes activation. The protein results suggested the expression of apoptosis-relevant proteins decreased among AGC treated groups and the neurotrophin related proteins were obviously enhanced by CREB/BDNF/TrkB/AKT and HSP70/Bcl-2/Bax pathways. Collectively, the results demonstrated that AGC primarily promoted neuro-nutrition, reduced the injury of nerve apoptosis and ameliorated neuroinflammation. In summary, AGC played a neuroprotective role, which had provided reliable evidence for AGC to be a potential drug in treating stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoying Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Dan Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China.
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Lei W, Wu S, Zhao A, Wu Z, Ding B, Yang W, Lu C, Wu X, Li X, Zhang S, Tian Y, Yang Y. Psoralidin protects against cerebral hypoxia/reoxygenation injury: Role of GAS6/Axl signaling. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2628-2640. [PMID: 35583809 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Psoralidin (PSO) is a natural phenolic coumarin extracted from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L. Growing preclinical evidence indicates that PSO has anti-inflammatory, anti-vitiligo, anti-bacterial, and anti-viral effects. Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6) and its receptor, Axl, modulate cellular oxidative stress, apoptosis, survival, proliferation, migration, and mitogenesis. Notably, the neuroprotective role of the GAS6/Axl axis has been identified in previous studies. We hypothesize that PSO ameliorates cerebral hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) injury via activating the GAS6/Axl signaling. We first confirmed that PSO was not toxic to the cells and upregulated GAS6 and Axl expression after HR injury. Moreover, PSO exerted a marked neuroprotective effect against HR injury, represented by restored cell viability and cell morphology, decreased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, PSO pretreatment also elevated the levels of nuclear factor-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone-1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1), uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCl2) both in the condition of baseline and HR injury. However, GAS6 siRNA or Axl siRNA inhibited the neuroprotective effects of PSO. Our findings suggest that PSO pretreatment attenuated HR-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction in neuroblastoma cells through the activation of GAS6/Axl signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangrui Lei
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Songdi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Neurology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aizhen Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baoping Ding
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenxi Lu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiyang Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaofei Zhang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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Li C, Chen QY, He Y, Liu YH, Meng XM, Liu MM. Discovery of a chalcone derivative as potent necroptosis inhibitor for the treatment of acute kidney injury. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:824-835. [PMID: 35579574 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Necroptosis, a form of inflammation-related programmed cell death, is a major mechanism of proximal tubular cell injury in acute kidney injury (AKI). Blockade of necroptosis signaling represents a promising strategy for clinical therapy of AKI. Previously, we identified a small molecular RIPK1 inhibitor Cpd-71 with nephroprotective activities. In order to discover more nephroprotective agents, in this study, twenty chalcone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-necroptosis and nephroprotective activities. Among the chalcone derivatives, Cpd-2 exhibited the most potent anti-necroptosis activity (IC50 = 1.08 μM) and protective activity (EC50 = 1.49 μM) through directly binding to RIPK1 and blocking RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL signaling pathway. Furthermore, Cpd-2 effectively attenuated cisplatin or hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced injury and necroptotic inflammation in renal cell models. Moreover, in cisplatin- or ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced AKI mouse model, detection of creatinine and urea nitrogen in blood showed that Cpd-2 improved kidney function. PAS staining and immunofluorescence analysis indicated that Cpd-2 also reduced pathological damage and inhibited inflammatory development in kidney tissues. In summary, although some chalcone derivatives have been reported to prevent kidney injury previously, our present study not only discovered a promising leading compound Cpd-2, but also provided a novel and successful practice for the development of necroptosis inhibitors from natural products derivatives as AKI therapeutic agents. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiang-Yu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan He
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Hai Liu
- Dept of Emergency and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Binhu Hospital District, Hefei
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ming-Ming Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Potential Therapeutic Effects of Mi-Jian-Chang-Pu Decoction on Neurochemical and Metabolic Changes of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7319563. [PMID: 35578728 PMCID: PMC9107056 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7319563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
As a traditional Chinese medicine formula, Mi-Jian-Chang-Pu decoction (MJCPD) has been successfully used in patients with language dysfunction and hemiplegia after ischemic stroke (IS). Given the excellent protective effects of MJCPD against nerve damage caused by IS in clinical settings, the present investigation mainly focused on its underlying mechanism on ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Firstly, by applying the MCAO-induced cerebral IR injury rats, the efficacy of MJCPD on IS was estimated using the neurological deficit score, TTC, HE, and IHC staining, and neurochemical measurements. Secondly, an UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-based nontargeted metabolomics was developed to elucidate the characteristic metabolites. MJCPD groups showed significant improvements in the neurological score, infarction volume, and histomorphology, and the changes of GSH, GSSG, GSH-PX, GSSG/GSH, LDH, L-LA, IL-6, TNF-α, and VEGF-c were also reversed to normal levels after the intervention compared to the MCAO model group. Metabolomics profiling identified 21 different metabolites in the model group vs. the sham group, 10 of which were significantly recovered after treatment of MJCPD, and those 10 metabolites were all related to the oxidative stress process including glucose, fatty acid, amino acid, glutamine, and phospholipid metabolisms. Therefore, MJCPD might protect against IS by inhibiting oxidative stress during IR.
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Formononetin protects against inflammation associated with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by targeting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112836. [PMID: 35339827 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Formononetin is a type of phytoestrogen obtained from the Chinese medical herb Red Clover. It exhibits anti-neoplastic hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective properties. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of formononetin in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury has not been reported. OBJECTIVE To explore the potential mechanism of action of formononetin in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury with regard to the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. METHODS Male SD rats were used to establish a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and randomly divided into 5 groups: Sham, MCAO, JAK2 Inhibitor (Ag490), Formononetin, Inhibitor + Formononetin. The protective effect of formononetin in MCAO rats was detected by performing neurological deficit testing, TTC staining, H&E staining, Nissl staining, ELISA, RT-PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Formononetin significantly alleviated the neurological deficit and the pathological state of brain tissues, and reduced the volume of cerebral infarction, levels of IL-18 and TNF-α inflammatory factors in plasma, mRNA levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in rat brain tissue, and the protein levels of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, NLRP3, ASC, cl-Caspase-1, and cl-IL-1β in the MCAO rat brain tissue. CONCLUSION Formononetin has anti-inflammatory effects. It may inhibit the relevant targets in the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby having a certain protective effect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Naoluo Xintong Decoction Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Promoting Angiogenesis through Activating the HIF-1α/VEGF Signaling Pathway in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9341466. [PMID: 35449809 PMCID: PMC9017488 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9341466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Naoluo Xintong decoction (NLXTD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula which has been used to improve neuronal functional recovery after cerebral ischemic stroke. However, the molecular mechanism underlying NLXTD's amelioration of ischemic stroke remains unclear. The present study was designed to explore the effect and mechanism of NLXTD on brain angiogenesis in a rat model with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury targeting the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. Materials and Methods Cerebral I/R model was established by the classical middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method. Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats (n = 80) were randomly divided into the sham-operation group, the model group, the HIF-1α inhibitor 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) group, the 2ME2 with NLXTD group, and the NLXTD group. Neurological deficit test, TTC staining, H&E staining, TUNEL staining, immunohistochemistry (IH), immunofluorescence (IF), western blot, and quantitative RT-PCR were performed to evaluate the effect of NLXTD after MCAO. Results Administration of NLXTD significantly decreased neuron deficiency scores, reduced brain infarct volume, and lowered damaged and apoptotic cells after brain I/R injury in rats. Meanwhile, NLXTD had a protective effect on angiogenesis by increasing the MVD and the expressions of BrdU and CD34, which enhanced the number of endothelial cells in the ischemic penumbra brain. NLXTD treatment significantly raised the protein and mRNA levels of HIF-1α, VEGF, VEGFR2, and Notch1 compared with the model treatment. In contrast, a specific HIF-1α inhibitor, 2ME2, inhibited the improvement of neurological function and angiogenesis in NLXTD-induced rats with cerebral I/R injury, suggesting that NLXTD played a positive role in ischemic brain injury by activating the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway. Conclusions NLXTD exerts neuroprotection targeting angiogenesis by upregulating the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway on cerebral I/R injury rats.
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Ma Z, Zhao X, Wang X, Ren Q, Zhang S, Lu L, Wang K, Lv Q, Cheng J. Evaluation of crossed cerebellar diaschisis after cerebral infarction in MCAO rats based on DKI. Eur J Clin Invest 2022; 52:e13716. [PMID: 34846725 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), apoptosis and the effect on neurological function recovery in rat model with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) was used to evaluate crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) and to provide experimental and theoretical basis for the clinical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS The MCAO models were established in rats. Eighty-four rats were randomly and evenly divided into 7 groups, including control group, 6-h group, 12-h group, 24-h group, 48-h group, 7-day group and 14-day group. The rats were scanned by MRI at the above time points. Then, rats were sacrificed for H&E staining, immunohistochemical staining and TUNEL staining to detect the expression of NMDA in the core infarct area and cerebellum. At the end, the discussion of relationships between molecular biology and MRI parameters (ADC derived from DWI, and MD, MK and FA derived from DKI) was performed. RESULTS The values of MD, ADC and FA in MCAO rats were all lower than those in the control group. All MRI parameters of the contralateral cerebellum were lower than those of the ipsilateral cerebellum (p < .05). The parameters reached the lowest value at 12 h, except that the MK reached the highest at 12 h. The expression of NMDA showed a fluctuation along time in the MCAO group. Overall, it is higher in the MCAO group than in the control group, reaching the maximum at 24 h (p < .05). At the same time, the expression of NMDA in the contralateral cerebellum was higher than in the ipsilateral cerebellum. CONCLUSION It is found that NMDA and DKI of CCD have the same changing trend, which indicates that the intervention of NMDA receptor apoptosis may become a new target for the treatment of cerebral infarction, and MRI parameters can predict the occurrence and development of CCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Ma
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Ren
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The 988 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqing Lv
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Porrang S, Davaran S, Rahemi N, Allahyari S, Mostafavi E. How Advancing are Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles? A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1803-1827. [PMID: 35498391 PMCID: PMC9043011 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s353349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) is ubiquitous in various sciences. MSNs possess unique features, including the diversity in manufacturing by different synthesis methods and from different sources, structure controllability, pore design capabilities, pore size tunability, nanoparticle size distribution adjustment, and the ability to create diverse functional groups on their surface. These characteristics have led to various types of MSNs as a unique system for drug delivery. In this review, first, the synthesis of MSNs by different methods via using different sources were studied. Then, the parameters affecting their physicochemical properties and functionalization have been discussed. Finally, the last decade’s novel strategies, including surface functionalization, drug delivery, and cancer treatment, based on the MSNs in drug delivery and cancer therapy have been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Porrang
- Chemical Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
- Environmental Engineering Research Centre, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nader Rahemi
- Chemical Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
- Environmental Engineering Research Centre, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
- Nader Rahemi, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran, Tel +98-41-33459100, Email
| | - Somaiyeh Allahyari
- Chemical Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
- Environmental Engineering Research Centre, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Correspondence: Ebrahim Mostafavi, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA, Email ;
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