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Le AT, Ha HA, Al-Ansari MM, Elankathirselvan K, Al-Humaid LA. Aristolochia bracteolata flower extract based phytosynthesis and characterization of AgNPs: Antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and antioxidant activities potential assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118729. [PMID: 38492832 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the Aristolochia bracteolata water flower extract-mediated AgNPs synthesis and assess their antimicrobial potential. According to the experimental and analytical results, A. bracteolata flower extract can produce valuable AgNPs. The characteristic features of these AgNPs were assessed with UV-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy, as well as. Under UV-vis. spectrum results, showed major peak at 430 nm and recorded essential functional groups responsible for reducing, capping, and stabilizing AgNPs by FT-IR analysis. In addition, the size and shape of the synthesized AgNPs were found as 21.11-25.17 nm and spherical/octahedral shape. The A. bracteolata fabricated NPs showed remarkable antimicrobial activity against fish bacterial pathogens (V. parahaemolytics, Serratia sp., B. subtilis, and E. coli) as well as common fungal pathogens (A. niger, C. albicans, A. flavus, and A. terreus) at the quantity of 100 μg mL-1 than positive controls. Nevertheless, it was not effective against human bacterial pathogens. It concludes that AgNPs synthesized from A. bracteolata aqueous flower extract have excellent antimicrobial activity and may have a variety of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh-Tuan Le
- Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Danang, 550000, Vietnam.
| | - Hai-Anh Ha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
| | - Mysoon M Al-Ansari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kasber Elankathirselvan
- Department of Chemistry, Tiruvallur University, Serkkadu, Vellore, 632 115, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Latifah A Al-Humaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Patra JK, Shin HS, Yang IJ, Nguyen LTH, Das G. Sustainable Utilization of Food Biowaste (Papaya Peel) Extract for Gold Nanoparticle Biosynthesis and Investigation of Its Multi-Functional Potentials. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:581. [PMID: 38790686 PMCID: PMC11118099 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Papaya contains high amounts of vitamins A, C, riboflavin, thiamine, niacin, ascorbic acid, potassium, and carotenoids. It is confirmed by several studies that all food waste parts such as the fruit peels, seeds, and leaves of papaya are potential sources of phenolic compounds, particularly in the peel. Considering the presence of numerous bioactive compounds in papaya fruit peels, the current study reports a rapid, cheap, and environmentally friendly method for the production of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) employing food biowaste (vegetable papaya peel extract (VPPE)) and investigated its antioxidant, antidiabetic, tyrosinase inhibition, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and photocatalytic degradation potentials. The phytochemical analysis gave positive results for tannins, saponins, steroids, cardiac steroidal glycoside, protein, and carbohydrates. The manufactured VPPE-AuNPs were studied by UV-Vis scan (with surface plasmon resonance of 552 nm), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) (with average crystallite size of 44.41 nm as per the Scherrer equation), scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), particle size, zeta potential, etc. The mean dimension of the manufactured VPPE-AuNPs is 112.2 d.nm (PDI-0.149) with a -26.1 mV zeta potential. The VPPE-AuNPs displayed a significant antioxidant effect (93.24% DPPH scavenging and 74.23% SOD inhibition at 100 µg/mL); moderate tyrosinase effect (with 30.76%); and substantial α-glucosidase (95.63%) and α-amylase effect (50.66%) at 100 µg/mL. Additionally, it was found to be very proficient in the removal of harmful methyl orange and methylene blue dyes with degradation of 34.70% at 3 h and 24.39% at 5 h, respectively. Taken altogether, the VPPE-AuNPs have been proven to possess multiple biopotential activities, which can be explored by the food, cosmetics, and biomedical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Han-Seung Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - In-Jun Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (I.-J.Y.); (L.T.H.N.)
| | - Ly Thi Huong Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (I.-J.Y.); (L.T.H.N.)
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Gitishree Das
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Republic of Korea;
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Sher A, Khalil AT, Dogan N, Ayaz M, Ahmad K. Valorization and Repurposing of Citrus limetta Fruit Waste for Fabrication of Multifunctional AgNPs and Their Diverse Nanomedicinal Applications. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:2067-2085. [PMID: 37466887 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04646-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Herein we propose an ecofriendly process for the biofabrication of AgNPs by applying fruit waste of Citrus limetta. The aqueous extracts from the peels of the fruit were used as green chelating and stabilizing agents. Structural, optical, vibrational, morphological, and magnetic properties were established using UV-Vis (ultraviolet visible spectroscopy), XRD (X-rays diffraction), FTIR (Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy), EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), ESR (electron spin resonance), and PPMS (physical property management system), while the thermal properties were established using TGA/DTG (thermal gravimetric analysis/derivative thermogravimetry). XRD pattern revealed intense peaks with single-phase purity, while the Debye-Scherrer approximation revealed an average crystallite size of 33.18 nm. The W-H plot revealed the size of 55.2 nm and strain 2.68 × 10-4. FTIR spectra revealed the involvement of different functional groups and major IR vibrations were observed at 2329 cm-1, 2092 cm-1, 1794 cm-1, 1268 cm-1, and 754 cm-1. TGA/DTG revealed major weight loss events at 240 °C and 360 °C. SEM revealed spherical or quasi-spherical morphology, while EDS confirmed the presence of elemental silver. The M-H behavior for all measurement temperature shows diamagnetic behavior. Electron spin resonance (ESR) revealed a high proportion of free electrons. Furthermore, the pharmacognostic and nanomedicinal potential CL-AgNPs was established using multiple in vitro and in vivo bioassays. The in vivo wound healing assays in mice revealed excellent healing potential which were similar to positive control. The percent wound healing is reported to be 93% on the 14th day of incision after application of CL-AgNPs. Bioassays were performed to assess enzyme inhibition potential of the CL-AgNPs for Alzheimer disease and antidiabetic applications. The AChE and BChE potential of the CL-AgNPs was highest at 1000 µg mL-1, i.e., 92% and 56%, respectively. The α-glucosidase inhibition potential for the CL-AgNPs was higher as compared to the α-glucosidase, while the DPPH free radical scavenging was reported to be 70% to 11% at varying concentrations between 1000 and 62.5 µg mL-1. Overall, our results indicate that the waste fruit peels can be a sustainable and eco-friendly resource of synthesis of the multifunctional nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sher
- Center of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Ali Talha Khalil
- Department of Pathology, Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
| | - Nurcan Dogan
- Department of Physics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Turkey
- Department of Electronics and communication Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP, Pakistan
| | - Kafeel Ahmad
- Center of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
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Khalid W, Iqra, Afzal F, Rahim MA, Abdul Rehman A, Faiz ul Rasul H, Arshad MS, Ambreen S, Zubair M, Safdar S, Al-Farga A, Refai M. Industrial applications of kale ( Brassica oleracea var. sabellica) as a functional ingredient: a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2023.2168011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Khalid
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Iqra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Fareed Afzal
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdul Rahim
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma Abdul Rehman
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hadiqa Faiz ul Rasul
- Center of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid Arshad
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Ambreen
- University institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Home Economics, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Saira Safdar
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammar Al-Farga
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Mohammed Refai
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Raj R, Bhattu M, Verma M, Acevedo R, Duc ND, Singh J. Biogenic silver based nanostructures: Synthesis, mechanistic approach and biological applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116045. [PMID: 37146935 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The alarming impact of antibiotic resistance sparked the quest for complementary treatments to overcome the confrontation over resistant pathogens. Metallic nanoparticles, especially silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have gained a much attention because of their remarkable biological characteristics. Moreover, their medicinal properties can be enhanced by preparing the composites with other materials. This article delves a comprehensive review of biosynthesis route for Ag NPs and their nanocomposites (NCs) with in-depth mechanism, methods and favorable experimental parameters. Comprehensive biological features Ag NPs such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal have been examined, with a focus on their potential uses in biomedicine and diagnostics has also been discussed. Additionally, we have also explored the hitches and potential outcomes of biosynthesis of Ag NPs in biomedical filed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Raj
- Department of Biochemistry, Bangalore University, Mysore Rd, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560056, India
| | - Monika Bhattu
- Department of Chemistry, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Meenakshi Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Roberto Acevedo
- San Sebastián University.Santiago, Campus Bellavista 7, Chile
| | - Nguyen D Duc
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, South Korea
| | - Jagpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India.
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Das G, Seo S, Yang IJ, Nguyen LTH, Shin HS, Patra JK. Sericin mediated gold/silver bimetallic nanoparticles and exploration of its multi-therapeutic efficiency and photocatalytic degradation potential. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115935. [PMID: 37080278 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The current investigation aimed at bimetallic gold-silver nanoparticles (Au/Ag NPs), here called BM-GS NPs, synthesis using sericin protein as the reducing agent in an easy, cost-effective, and sustainable way. The obtained BM-GS NPs were characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Zeta potential, X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Thermogravimetric analysis followed by evaluation of its multitherapeutic and photocatalytic degradation potentials. The TEM analysis revealed its spherical nature and the EDS result displayed the presence of both Ag and Au elements, confirming the synthesis of BM-GS NPs. The XRD pattern verified the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles (NPs). The DLS analysis showed an average size of 86.08 d nm and the zeta potential showed a highly negative value (-26.3 mV) which specifies that the generated bimetallic NPs are stable. The BM-GS NPs exhibited positive wound healing potential (with 63.38% of wound closure rate at 25 μg/ml, as compared to 54.42% by the untreated control) with very negligible toxicity effect on the cell viability of the normal keratinocyte cells. It also demonstrated promising antioxidant properties with 65.00%, 69.23%, and 63.03% activity at 100 μg/ml concentration for ABTS (2, 2-azinobis) (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), DPPH (1, 1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and SOD (superoxide dismutase enzyme) assays respectively, antidiabetic potential (with a significantly high α-glucosidase inhibition potential of 99.69% at 10μg/ml concentration and 62.11% of α-amylase enzyme inhibition at 100 μg/ml concentration) and moderate tyrosinase inhibitory potential (with 17.09% at 100 μg/ml concentration). Besides, it displayed reasonable antibacterial potential with the diameter of zone of inhibition ranging between 10.89 and 12.39 mm. Further, its antibacterial mode of action reveals that its effects could be due to being very smaller, the NPs could have penetrated inside the cellular membrane thereby causing rupture and damage to the interior materials leading to cellular lysis. The photocatalytic evaluation showed that synthesized BM-GS NPs have the efficiency of degrading methylene blue dye by 34.70% within 3 h of treatment. The above findings revealed the multi-therapeutic efficacy of the sericin globular protein-mediated BM-GS NPs and its potential future applications in the cosmetics and food sector and environmental contamination management industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitishree Das
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - SuJin Seo
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jun Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Ly Thi Huong Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Seung Shin
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, 10326, Republic of Korea.
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Ying Lee S, Nan Liang Y, Stuckey DC, Hu X. Single-step extraction of bioactive compounds from cruciferous vegetable (kale) waste using natural deep eutectic solvents. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Das G, Seo S, Yang IJ, Nguyen LTH, Shin HS, Patra JK. Synthesis of Biogenic Gold Nanoparticles by Using Sericin Protein from Bombyx mori Silk Cocoon and Investigation of Its Wound Healing, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Potentials. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:17-34. [PMID: 36628114 PMCID: PMC9826641 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s378806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A number of biological wastes and factory waste materials have been tested recently for the eco-friendly biosynthesis of nanoparticles. Sericin protein (SSP) is usually removed from the silk cocoon during the degumming process in the process of making the silk, and this sericin protein is normally thrown away by the sericulture industries as waste materials. It is found that this sericin protein possesses a number of biological properties. Methods Considering this, in the present study, an effort has been made to biosynthesize gold nanoparticles (SSP-AuNPs) using the waste sericin solution as the reducing and capping agent and investigate its biopotential in terms of its wound healing, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Results The synthesis of SSP-AuNPs was perceived by the visual color change and confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy with absorption maxima at 522 nm. Further characterization of SSP-AuNPs was done by TEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR, DLS, zeta potential, TGA, AFM, etc. The size of SSP-AuNPs was found out to be 54.82 nm as per the particle size analyzer and the zeta potential is -19.8 mV. The SSP-AuNPs displayed promising wound healing potential of 70.96 and 69.76% wound closure rate at 5 and 10 µg/mL respectively as compared to 74.91% by the Centella asiatica taken as a positive control. It also exhibited promising antioxidant potential in terms of the DPPH, ABTS free radical scavenging, reducing power potential, and total antioxidant capacity. Besides, the SSP-AuNPs also displayed significant antibacterial activities against the tested pathogenic bacterial with the diameter of inhibition zones ranging between 12.10 and 14.96 mm as compared to the positive control cephalexin that displayed inhibition zones ranging between 12.08 and 13.24 mm. Discussion Taken together, SSP-AuNPs could serve as an interesting candidate for food, cosmetics, and biomedical fields in the applications of wound healing, cosmetics, antibacterial bandages, and ointments, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitishree Das
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Seo
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jun Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ly Thi Huong Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Seung Shin
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, Republic of Korea,Correspondence: Jayanta Kumar Patra, Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, 10326, Republic of Korea, Tel +82-31-961-5625, Email
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Mahmud KM, Hossain MM, Polash SA, Takikawa M, Shakil MS, Uddin MF, Alam M, Ali Khan Shawan MM, Saha T, Takeoka S, Hasan MA, Sarker SR. Investigation of Antimicrobial Activity and Biocompatibility of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized using Syzigyum cymosum Extract. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:27216-27229. [PMID: 35967026 PMCID: PMC9366946 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanotherapeutics has emerged as the most sought after approach to tackle the menace of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Among others, biogenic silver nanoparticles (bAgNPs) synthesized using medicinal plant extracts demonstrate promising antibacterial propensity with excellent biocompatibility. Herein, bAgNPs were synthesized through the green chemistry approach using Syzygium cymosum leaf extract as a reducing agent at different pH values (i.e., 5, 7, 8, and 10). The average size of bAgNPs synthesized at pH 5, 7, 8, and 10 was 23.3, 21.3, 17.2, and 35.3 nm, respectively, and all the nanoparticles were negatively charged. Their antibacterial potential was investigated against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli DH5α, E. coli K12, enteropathogenic E. coli, and Salmonella typhi. The highest antibacterial activity was exhibited by bAgNPs synthesized at pH 8 against all the tested bacterial strains, which can be attributed to their small size and greater surface area to volume ratio. The bAgNPs demonstrated the highest zone of inhibition (29.5 ± 0.8 mm) against B. subtilis through oxidation of membrane fatty acids that resulted in the formation of the malondialdehyde-thiobarbituric acid (MDA-TBA) adduct. However, bAgNPs demonstrated excellent hemocompatibility with rat and human red blood cells. Biogenic AgNPs synthesized at pH 8 also exhibited biocompatibility in terms of liver and kidney function biomarkers. Furthermore, hematoxylin and eosin staining of the tissue sections of vital organs (i.e., liver, kidneys, lungs, heart, spleen, and brain) also confirmed the biocompatibility of bAgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi Mustafa Mahmud
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar
University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Monir Hossain
- Department
of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Shakil Ahmed Polash
- Department
of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- Nano
Biotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Masato Takikawa
- Department
of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda
University (TWIns), Shinju-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Md Salman Shakil
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar
University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- Department
of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brac
University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Forhad Uddin
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar
University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Morshed Alam
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar
University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | | | - Tanushree Saha
- Department
of Textile Engineering, Dhaka University
of Engineering and Technology, Gazipur 1707, Bangladesh
- School
of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Shinji Takeoka
- Department
of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advance
Science and Engineering, Waseda University
(TWIns), Shinju-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Md. Ashraful Hasan
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar
University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Satya Ranjan Sarker
- Department
of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
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