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Tee JY, Ng FL, Keng FSL, Lee CW, Zhang B, Lin S, Gnana kumar G, Phang SM. Green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide by using tropical microalgae and its application in biophotovoltaic devices. iScience 2024; 27:109564. [PMID: 38617563 PMCID: PMC11015452 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The successful commercialization of algal biophotovoltaics (BPV) technology hinges upon a multifaceted approach, encompassing factors such as the development of a cost-efficient and highly conductive anode material. To address this issue, we developed an environmentally benign method of producing reduced graphene oxide (rGO), using concentrated Chlorella sp. UMACC 313 suspensions as the reducing agent. The produced rGO was subsequently coated on the carbon paper (rGO-CP) and used as the BPV device's anode. As a result, maximum power density was increased by 950% for Chlorella sp. UMACC 258 (0.210 mW m-2) and 781% for Synechococcus sp. UMACC 371 (0.555 mW m-2) compared to bare CP. The improved microalgae adhesion to the anode and improved electrical conductivity of rGO brought on by the effective removal of oxygen functional groups may be the causes of this. This study has demonstrated how microalgal-reduced GO may improve the efficiency of algal BPV for producing bioelectricity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ye Tee
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Fong-Lee Ng
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- School of Biosciences, Taylor’s University, Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Fiona Seh-Lin Keng
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Choon-Weng Lee
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Bingqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shiwei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - G. Gnana kumar
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Siew-Moi Phang
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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2
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Sarkar J, Mridha D, Davoodbasha MA, Banerjee J, Chanda S, Ray K, Roychowdhury T, Acharya K, Sarkar J. A State-of-the-Art Systemic Review on Selenium Nanoparticles: Mechanisms and Factors Influencing Biogenesis and Its Potential Applications. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5000-5036. [PMID: 36633786 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03549-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is a trace element required for the active function of numerous enzymes and various physiological processes. In recent years, selenium nanoparticles draw the attention of scientists and researchers because of its multifaceted uses. The process involved in chemically synthesized SeNPs has been found to be hazardous in nature, which has paved the way for safe and ecofriendly SeNPs to be developed in order to achieve sustainability. In comparison to chemical synthesis, SeNPs can be synthesized more safely and with greater flexibility utilizing bacteria, fungi, and plants. This review focused on the synthesis of SeNPs utilizing bacteria, fungi, and plants; the mechanisms involved in SeNP synthesis; and the effect of various abiotic factors on SeNP synthesis and morphological characteristics. This article discusses the synergies of SeNP synthesis via biological routes, which can help future researchers to synthesize SeNPs with more precision and employ them in desired fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jit Sarkar
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, PIN-700019, India
| | - Deepanjan Mridha
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, PIN-700032, India
| | - Mubarak Ali Davoodbasha
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, PIN-600048, India
| | - Jishnu Banerjee
- Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Khardaha, West Bengal, PIN-700118, India
| | - Sumeddha Chanda
- Department of Botany, Scottish Church College, Kolkata, PIN-700006, India
| | - Kasturi Ray
- Department of Botany, North Campus, University of Delhi, University Road, Delhi, PIN-110007, India
| | - Tarit Roychowdhury
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, PIN-700032, India
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, PIN-700019, India.
| | - Joy Sarkar
- Department of Botany, Dinabandhu Andrews College, Kolkata, PIN-700084, India.
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3
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Yari A, Shokri F. Electrochemical biosensing based on folic acid-triazine-grafted reduced graphene oxide: a highly selective breast cancer cell sensor. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:4134-4141. [PMID: 37566402 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00946g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Based on the results of this research, a new electrochemical sensor has been developed to detect human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). A folic acid (FA)-functionalized triazine-grafted reduced graphene oxide (RGOTrz) was used as the modifier of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for application as the sensing element. The composition of the resulting FA-RGOTrz/GCE was investigated using XRD (X-ray diffraction), FT-IR (Fourier-transform infrared) spectroscopy, SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and UV-vis spectroscopy studies. CV (cyclic voltammetry) and EIS (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) techniques were also used to characterize the electrochemical proficiency of the new electrode. Further, MCF-7 cancer cells were examined in solutions of phosphate buffer and [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- as a suitable supporting electrolyte and a useful probe, respectively. The FA-RGOTrz/GCE provides a suitable substrate to reversible redox reactions and provides good electrochemical signals after binding to cancer cells. DPV (differential pulse voltammetry) results indicated that the binding of folate receptor (FR) in the MCF-7 cell to the RGOTrz-modified electrode, in the presence of [Fe(CN)6]3-/4-, reduced folic acid, diminished electron transfer and collapsed the current signal. During the measured flow, a detection limit of 50 human breast cancer cells per milliliter was obtained. The FA-RGOTrz/GCE, with its unique structural design, significantly increases the electron transfer and electrochemical activity towards the detection of MCF-7 cells. This FA-RGOTrz/GCE sensor, due to its special structure, shows high sensitivity to FR in MCF-7 cells and excellent, reliable and satisfactory performance and a great promise for use in industries and medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Yari
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lorestan University, 68151-44316, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Foroozan Shokri
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lorestan University, 68151-44316, Khorramabad, Iran.
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4
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Jamlos MA, Jamlos MF, Mustafa WA, Othman NA, Rohani MNKH, Saidi SA, Sarip MSM, Mohd Nawi MAH. Reduced Graphene Oxide UWB Array Sensor: High Performance for Brain Tumor Imaging and Detection. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:nano13010027. [PMID: 36615938 PMCID: PMC9823893 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A low cost, with high performance, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) Ultra-wide Band (UWB) array sensor is presented to be applied with a technique of confocal radar-based microwave imaging to recognize a tumor in a human brain. RGO is used to form its patches on a Taconic substrate. The sensor functioned in a range of 1.2 to 10.8 GHz under UWB frequency. The sensor demonstrates high gain of 5.2 to 14.5 dB, with the small size of 90 mm × 45 mm2, which can be easily integrated into microwave imaging systems and allow the best functionality. Moreover, the novel UWB RGO array sensor is established as a detector with a phantom of the human head. The layers' structure represents liquid-imitating tissues that consist of skin, fat, skull, and brain. The sensor will scan nine different points to cover the whole one-sided head phantom to obtain equally distributed reflected signals under two different situations, namely the existence and absence of the tumor. In order to accurately detect the tumor by producing sharper and clearer microwave image, the Matrix Laboratory software is used to improve the microwave imaging algorithm (delay and sum) including summing the imaging algorithm and recording the scattering parameters. The existence of a tumor will produce images with an error that is lower than 2 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Aminudin Jamlos
- Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia
- Centre of Excellent for Advanced Communication Engineering (ACE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Faizal Jamlos
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia
- Centre for Automotive Engineering Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia
| | - Wan Azani Mustafa
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia
| | - Nur Amirah Othman
- Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia
| | | | - Syahrul Affandi Saidi
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Sharizan Md Sarip
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Al Hafiz Mohd Nawi
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia
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Szczepaniak J, Sosnowska M, Wierzbicki M, Witkowska-Pilaszewicz O, Strojny-Cieslak B, Jagiello J, Fraczek W, Kusmierz M, Grodzik M. Reduced Graphene Oxide Modulates the FAK-Dependent Signaling Pathway in Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells In Vitro. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15175843. [PMID: 36079225 PMCID: PMC9457042 DOI: 10.3390/ma15175843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aggressive invasiveness is a common feature of malignant gliomas, despite their high level of tumor heterogeneity and possible diverse cell origins. Therefore, it is important to explore new therapeutic methods. In this study, we evaluated and compared the effects of graphene (GN) and reduced graphene oxides (rGOs) on a highly invasive and neoplastic cell line, U87. The surface functional groups of the GN and rGO flakes were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The antitumor activity of these flakes was obtained by using the neutral red assay and their anti-migratory activity was determined using the wound healing assay. Further, we investigated the mRNA and protein expression levels of important cell adhesion molecules involved in migration and invasiveness. The rGO flakes, particularly rGO/ATS and rGO/TUD, were found highly toxic. The migration potential of both U87 and Hs5 cells decreased, especially after rGO/TUD treatment. A post-treatment decrease in mobility and FAK expression was observed in U87 cells treated with rGO/ATS and rGO/TUD flakes. The rGO/TUD treatment also reduced β-catenin expression in U87 cells. Our results suggest that rGO flakes reduce the migration and invasiveness of U87 tumor cells and can, thus, be used as potential antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw Szczepaniak
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malwina Sosnowska
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Wierzbicki
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Witkowska-Pilaszewicz
- Department of Large Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Strojny-Cieslak
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Jagiello
- Graphene and Composites Research Group, Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, 01-919 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Fraczek
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kusmierz
- Analytical Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Grodzik
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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Assessment of antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities against A-549 lung cancer cell line by synthesized reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles mediated by Camellia sinensis. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:494. [PMID: 34881157 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03015-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Camellia sinensis (green tea leaves) which acts as a reducing agent was used for the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) to obtain reduced graphene oxide (RGO). Anionic surfactant SDS was used to enhance the stability of synthesized reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles. Characterized reduced graphene oxide nanoparticle grain size was calculated to be 3.92 nm from the X-ray diffraction method, whereas zeta potential was measured - 35.23 ± 5.45 mV at room temperature. Antioxidant and cell cytotoxicity against A-549 lung carcinoma cells were also studied. Phytochemical content of Camellia sinensis imparts feasible DPPH activity of 85.98 ± 2.49% against RGO, whereas ABTS scavenging activity was found to be 88.87 ± 1.74% followed by measurement of the total phenolic content of 842 ± 13.33 µg/gm. RGO at concentration 400 µg/ml showed an optimum level of hemolysis at pH 7.4 (4.92 ± 1.20%) than pH 5.6 (11.15 ± 0.03%). Cytotoxicity activity studied by MTT assay of RGO on A-549 lung carcinomas cells was compared with drug doxorubicin. The bandgap energy of RGO was calculated to be 3.97 eV from absorption data, hence reveals the generation of oxidative stress in the A-549 lung cancer cell line. Thus, the surfactant and phytochemicals found in Camellia sinensis enhanced the stability of RGO, thereby providing enough energy to destabilize the target cells without affecting healthy cells, hence suggests its role in therapeutics application. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-03015-z.
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7
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Properties and Performance Verification on Magnetite Polydimethylsiloxane Graphene Array Microwave Sensor. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193254. [PMID: 34641072 PMCID: PMC8512828 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper investigates the use of a Magnetite Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Graphene array sensor in ultra-wide band (UWB) spectrum for microwave imaging applications operated within 4.0-8.0 GHz. The proposed array microwave sensor comprises a Graphene array radiating patch, as well as ground and transmission lines with a substrate of Magnetite PDMS-Ferrite, which is fed by 50 Ω coaxial ports. The Magnetite PDMS substrate associated with low permittivity and low loss tangent realized bandwidth enhancement and the high conductivity of graphene, contributing to a high gain of the UWB array antenna. The combination of 30% (ferrite) and 70% (PDMS) as the sensor's substrate resulted in low permittivity as well as a low loss tangent of 2.6 and 0.01, respectively. The sensor radiated within the UWB band frequency of 2.2-11.2 (GHz) with great energy emitted in the range of 3.5-15.7 dB. Maximum energy of 15.7 dB with 90 × 45 (mm) in small size realized the integration of the sensor for a microwave detection system. The material components of sensor could be implemented for solar panel.
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Graphene-Based Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Mechanical Properties, and Characterizations. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13172869. [PMID: 34502909 PMCID: PMC8434110 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene-based nanocomposites possess excellent mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, and chemical properties. These materials have potential applications in high-performance transistors, biomedical systems, sensors, and solar cells. This paper presents a critical review of the recent developments in graphene-based nanocomposite research, exploring synthesis methods, characterizations, mechanical properties, and thermal properties. Emphasis is placed on characterization techniques and mechanical properties with detailed examples from recent literature. The importance of characterization techniques including Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) for the characterization of graphene flakes and their composites were thoroughly discussed. Finally, the effect of graphene even at very low loadings on the mechanical properties of the composite matrix was extensively reviewed.
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Aarva A, Sainio S, Deringer VL, Caro MA, Laurila T. X-ray Spectroscopy Fingerprints of Pristine and Functionalized Graphene. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:18234-18246. [PMID: 34476042 PMCID: PMC8404192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c03238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate how to identify and characterize the atomic structure of pristine and functionalized graphene materials from a combination of computational simulation of X-ray spectra, on the one hand, and computer-aided interpretation of experimental spectra, on the other. Despite the enormous scientific and industrial interest, the precise structure of these 2D materials remains under debate. As we show in this study, a wide range of model structures from pristine to heavily oxidized graphene can be studied and understood with the same approach. We move systematically from pristine to highly oxidized and defective computational models, and we compare the simulation results with experimental data. Comparison with experiments is valuable also the other way around; this method allows us to verify that the simulated models are close to the real samples, which in turn makes simulated structures amenable to several computational experiments. Our results provide ab initio semiquantitative information and a new platform for extended insight into the structure and chemical composition of graphene-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Aarva
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Sami Sainio
- Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC
National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Microelectronics
Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, P.O.
Box. 4500, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Volker L. Deringer
- Department
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| | - Miguel A. Caro
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Tomi Laurila
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, Kemistintie
1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
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10
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Geetha Bai R, Muthoosamy K, Tuvikene R, Nay Ming H, Manickam S. Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Biosensor Using Folic Acid-Modified Reduced Graphene Oxide for the Detection of Cancer Biomarker. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11051272. [PMID: 34066073 PMCID: PMC8150695 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The detection of cancer biomarkers in the early stages could prevent cancer-related deaths significantly. Nanomaterials combined with biomolecules are extensively used in drug delivery, imaging, and sensing applications by targeting the overexpressed cancer proteins such as folate receptors (FRs) to control the disease by providing earlier treatments. In this investigation, biocompatible reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets combined with folic acid (FA)-a vitamin with high bioaffinity to FRs-is utilized to develop an electrochemical sensor for cancer detection. To mimic the cancer cell environment, FR-β protein is used to evaluate the response of the rGO-FA sensor. The formation of the rGO-FA nanocomposite was confirmed through various characterization techniques. A glassy carbon (GC) electrode was then modified with the obtained rGO-FA and analyzed via differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) for its specific detection towards FRs. Using the DPV technique, the rGO-FA-modified electrode exhibited a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.69 pM, determined in a linear concentration range from 6 to 100 pM. This excellent electrochemical performance towards FRs detection could provide a significant contribution towards future cancer diagnosis. Moreover, the rGO-FA sensing platform also showed excellent specificity and reliability when tested against similar interfering biomolecules. This rGO-FA sensor offers a great promise to the future medical industry through its highly sensitive detection towards FRs in a fast, reliable, and economical way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Geetha Bai
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia; (R.G.B.); (K.M.)
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia;
| | - Kasturi Muthoosamy
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia; (R.G.B.); (K.M.)
| | - Rando Tuvikene
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia;
| | - Huang Nay Ming
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, New Energy Science & Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Malaysia;
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia; (R.G.B.); (K.M.)
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei
- Correspondence:
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11
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Integrating gold nanoclusters, folic acid and reduced graphene oxide for nanosensing of glutathione based on "turn-off" fluorescence. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2375. [PMID: 33504892 PMCID: PMC7841173 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81677-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is a useful biomarker in the development, diagnosis and treatment of cancer. However, most of the reported GSH biosensors are expensive, time-consuming and often require complex sample treatment, which limit its biological applications. Herein, a nanobiosensor for the detection of GSH using folic acid-functionalized reduced graphene oxide-modified BSA gold nanoclusters (FA-rGO-BSA/AuNCs) based on the fluorescence quenching interactions is presented. Firstly, a facile and optimized protocol for the fabrication of BSA/AuNCs is developed. Functionalization of rGO with folic acid is performed using EDC/NHS cross-linking reagents, and their interaction after loading with BSA/AuNCs is demonstrated. The formation of FA-rGO, BSA/AuNCs and FA-rGO-BSA/AuNCs are confirmed by the state-of-art characterization techniques. Finally, a fluorescence turn-off sensing strategy is developed using the as-synthesized FA-rGO-BSA/AuNCs for the detection of GSH. The nanobiosensor revealed an excellent sensing performance for the detection of GSH with high sensitivity and desirable selectivity over other potential interfering species. The fluorescence quenching is linearly proportional to the concentration of GSH between 0 and 1.75 µM, with a limit of detection of 0.1 µM under the physiological pH conditions (pH 7.4). Such a sensitive nanobiosensor paves the way to fabricate a "turn-on" or "turn-off" fluorescent sensor for important biomarkers in cancer cells, presenting potential nanotheranostic applications in biological detection and clinical diagnosis.
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12
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Gryzenhout M, Ghosh S, Tchotet Tchoumi JM, Vermeulen M, Kinge TR. Ganoderma: Diversity, Ecological Significances, and Potential Applications in Industry and Allied Sectors. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67561-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Bandara PC, Peña-Bahamonde J, Rodrigues DF. Redox mechanisms of conversion of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by graphene oxide-polymer composite. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9237. [PMID: 32513954 PMCID: PMC7280210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65534-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative methods of aqueous chromium removal have been of great research interest in recent years as Cr (VI) is a highly toxic compound causing severe human health effects. To achieve better removal of Cr (VI), it is essential to understand the chemical reactions that lead to the successful removal of Cr species from the solution. Recent studies have demonstrated that graphene oxide (GO) based polymer beads cannot only adsorb Cr (VI) via electrostatic attractions but also reduce it to Cr (III), which is a much less toxic form of chromium. This conversion and the functional groups involved in this conversion, until now, were not elucidated. In the present study, we employed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to investigate the conversion pathway of Cr (VI) to Cr (III) in graphene-based polymer beads. The results showed that alcoholic groups are converted to carboxylic groups while reducing Cr (VI) to Cr (III). The inclusion of GO in the polymer beads dramatically increased the potential of Cr (VI) uptake and conversion to Cr (III), indicating polymers and nanomaterials containing alcohol groups can remove and convert chromium in water. Other functional groups present in the polymer bead play an important role in adsorption but are not involved in the conversion of Cr (VI) to Cr (III).
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Bandara
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204-4003, USA
| | - J Peña-Bahamonde
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204-4003, USA
| | - D F Rodrigues
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204-4003, USA.
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14
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Afsharimani N, Durán A, Galusek D, Castro Y. Hybrid Sol-Gel Silica Coatings Containing Graphene Nanosheets for Improving the Corrosion Protection of AA2024-T3. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1050. [PMID: 32486101 PMCID: PMC7352741 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, nanostructured graphene nanosheets were added to hybrid silica sols and deposited on aluminium alloy A2024-T3 to study the effect on the corrosion behaviour. Sols were prepared using tetraethyl-orthosilicate (TEOS), 3-glycidoxypropyl-trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and a colloidal silica suspension (LUDOX) as silica precursors with adding chemically modified graphene nanosheets (GN-chem). The graphene nanosheets were modified through a straightforward and simple hydrothermal approach and then, dispersed into a silica sol (SiO2/GN-chem). ATR-FTIR was used to optimize the silica sol-gel synthesis and to confirm the cross-linking of the silica network. The corrosion behaviour of the SiO2/GN-chem coatings was also analysed by electrochemical measurement (potentiodynamic polarization) in 0.05 M NaCl solution. The results showed that the incorporation of modified graphene nanosheets into hybrid silica sol-gel coatings affected the corrosion properties of the substrates. An improvement in the corrosion resistance was observed likely due to the enhanced barrier property and hydrophobic behaviour obtained by incorporation of GN-chem and colloidal silica nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasima Afsharimani
- Department of Coating Processes, FunGlass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Študentská 2, 91150 Trenčín, Slovakia;
| | - Alicia Durán
- Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio (CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.D.); (Y.C.)
| | - Dušan Galusek
- Department of Coating Processes, FunGlass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Študentská 2, 91150 Trenčín, Slovakia;
- Joint Glass Centre of the IIC SAS, TnUAD and FChPT STU, 91150 Trenčín, Slovakia
| | - Yolanda Castro
- Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio (CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.D.); (Y.C.)
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Oves M, Rauf MA, Ansari MO, Aslam Parwaz Khan A, A Qari H, Alajmi MF, Sau S, Iyer AK. Graphene Decorated Zinc Oxide and Curcumin to Disinfect the Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1004. [PMID: 32466085 PMCID: PMC7281119 DOI: 10.3390/nano10051004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sometimes, life-threatening infections are initiated by the biofilm formation facilitated at the infection site by the drug-resistant bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The aggregation of the same type of bacteria leads to biofilm formation on the delicate tissue, dental plaque, and skin. In the present investigation, a Graphene (Gr)-based nano-formulation containing Curcumin (C.C.M.) and Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) showed a wide range of anti-microbial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilm and demonstrated the anti-microbial mechanism of action. The anti-microbial effect of GrZnO nanocomposites, i.e., GrZnO-NCs, suggests that the integrated graphene-based nanocomposites effectively suppressed both sensitive as well as MRSA ATCC 43300 and BAA-1708 isolates. The S. aureus inhibitory effect of GrZnO-NCs improved >5-fold when combined with C.C.M., and demonstrated a M.I.C. of 31.25 µg/mL contrasting with the GrZnO-NCs or C.C.M. alone having M.I.C. value of 125 µg/mL each. The combination treatment of GrZnO-NCs or C.C.M. inhibited the M.R.S.A. topical dermatitis infection in a mice model with a significant decrease in the CFU count to ~64%. Interestingly, the combination of C.C.M. and GrZnO-NCs damaged the bacterial cell wall structure, resulting in cytoplasm spillage, thereby diminishing their metabolism. Thus, owing to the ease of synthesis and highly efficient anti-microbial properties, the present graphene-based curcumin nano-formulations can cater to a new treatment methodology against M.R.S.A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Oves
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohd. Ahmar Rauf
- Use-Inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (M.A.R.); (S.S.); (A.K.I.)
| | | | - Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan
- Chemistry Department and Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Huda A Qari
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed F. Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samaresh Sau
- Use-Inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (M.A.R.); (S.S.); (A.K.I.)
| | - Arun K Iyer
- Use-Inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (M.A.R.); (S.S.); (A.K.I.)
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16
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Adebayo IA, Arsad H, Gagman HA, Ismail NZ, Samian MR. Inhibitory Effect of Eco-Friendly Naturally Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles from the Leaf Extract of Medicinal Detarium microcarpum Plant on Pancreatic and Cervical Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1247-1252. [PMID: 32458629 PMCID: PMC7541888 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.5.1247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, nanoparticle synthesis by eco-friendly methods has received tremendous attention due to the method advantages and also because of the application of the nanoparticles in cancer research. Therefore, in this study, we synthesized silver nanoparticles from Detarium microcarpum leaf phytochemicals and evaluated its inhibitory effect on pancreatic and cervical cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Silver nanoparticles (dAgNps) were synthesized by reacting phytochemicals of D. microcarpum leaves with silver nitrate for 12 hours. Cell viability assay was carried out to investigate the cytotoxic effect of dAgNps on HeLa and PANC-1 cells. RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) results revealed the average sizes of dAgNps are 81 nm and 84 nm respectively. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of dAgNps was similar to that of face centered cubic(fcc) structure of silver as reported by joint committee on powder diffraction standards (JCPDS) and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed that some phytochemicals of D. microcarpum such as polyphenols and flavonoids were likely involved in the reduction of Ag+ to form nanoparticles. Finally, cell viability assay revealed dAgNps inhibited PANC-1 and HeLa cell proliferations with IC50 values of 84 and 31.5 µg/ml respectively. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the synthesized nanoparticles from D. microcarpum leaves (dAgNps) have inhibitory effect on pancreatic and cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Abiola Adebayo
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Bertam, Kepala Batas, Malaysia.
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda.
| | - Hasni Arsad
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Bertam, Kepala Batas, Malaysia.
| | - Haladu Ali Gagman
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Bauchi State University Gadau, 751 Itas Gadau, Nigeria.
| | - Noor Zafirah Ismail
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Bertam, Kepala Batas, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammed Razip Samian
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
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17
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Free-standing Reduced Graphene Oxide/carbon Nanotube Paper for Flexible Sodium-ion Battery Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25041014. [PMID: 32102412 PMCID: PMC7071045 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25041014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a flexible, binder-free and free-standing carbonaceous paper fabricated via electrostatic spray deposition using reduced graphene oxide/carbon nanotube (rGO/CNT) as a promising electrode material for flexible sodium-ion batteries (NIBs). The as-prepared rGO/CNT paper exhibits a three-dimensional (3D) layered structure by employing rGO as conductive frameworks to provide sodium-storage active sites and CNT as spacer to increase rGO interlayer distance and benefit the diffusion kinetics of sodium ions. Consequently, the rGO/CNT paper delivers an enhanced sodium ion storage capacity of 166.8 mAh g-1 at 50 mA g-1, retaining an average capacity of 101.4 mAh g-1 when current density sets back 100 mA g-1 after cycling at various current rates. An average capacity of 50 mAh g-1 at 200 mA g-1 was stabilized when cycling up to 300 cycles. The well-maintained electrochemical performance of free-standing rGO/CNT paper is due to the well-established hybrid 3D nanostructures, which demonstrates our carbon based material fabricated by a facile approach can be applied as one of the high-performance and low-cost electrode materials for applications in flexible energy storage devices.
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18
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Zheng H, Ji Z, Roy KR, Gao M, Pan Y, Cai X, Wang L, Li W, Chang CH, Kaweeteerawat C, Chen C, Xia T, Zhao Y, Li R. Engineered Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Capable of Preventing the Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance. ACS NANO 2019; 13:11488-11499. [PMID: 31566947 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is spreading worldwide and keeps evolving to adapt to antibiotics, causing increasing threats in clinics, which necessitates the exploration of antimicrobial agents for not only killing of resistant cells but also prevention of AMR progression. However, so far, there has been no effective approach. Herein, we designed lanthanum hydroxide and graphene oxide nanocomposites (La@GO) to confer a synergistic bactericidal effect in all tested resistant strains. More importantly, long-term exposure of E. coli (AMR) to subminimum inhibitory concentrations of La@GO does not trigger detectable secondary resistance, while conventional antibiotics and silver nanoparticles lead to a 16- to 64-fold increase in tolerance. The inability of E. coli to evolve resistance to La@GO is likely due to a distinctive extracellular multitarget invasion killing mechanism involving lipid dephosphorylation, lipid peroxidation, and peptidoglycan disruption. Overall, our results highlight La@GO nanocomposites as a promising solution to combating resistant bacteria without inducing the evolution of AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Soochow University , Suzhou , 215123 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Zhaoxia Ji
- Division of Nanomedicine, Department of Medicine, California NanoSystems Institute , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Living Proof, Inc. , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Kevin R Roy
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine , Stanford University , Palo Alto , California 94304 , United States
| | - Meng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Soochow University , Suzhou , 215123 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Yanxia Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Soochow University , Suzhou , 215123 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Xiaoming Cai
- School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases , Soochow University , Suzhou , 215123 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Liming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing , 100049 , China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Soochow University , Suzhou , 215123 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Chong Hyun Chang
- Division of Nanomedicine, Department of Medicine, California NanoSystems Institute , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Chitrada Kaweeteerawat
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), NSTDA Characterization and Testing Center (NCTC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , Klong Nueng , 12120 , Thailand
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing , 100190 , China
| | - Tian Xia
- Division of Nanomedicine, Department of Medicine, California NanoSystems Institute , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing , 100190 , China
| | - Ruibin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Soochow University , Suzhou , 215123 , Jiangsu , China
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19
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Sakurai M, Koley P, Aono M. Tunable Magnetism of Organometallic Nanoclusters by Graphene Oxide On-Surface Chemistry. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14509. [PMID: 31601826 PMCID: PMC6787201 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50433-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Assembly of interacting molecular spins is an attractive candidate for spintronic and quantum computing devices. Here, we report on-surface chemical assembly of aminoferrocene molecules on a graphene oxide (GO) sheet and their magnetic properties. On the GO surface, organometallic molecules having individual spins through charge transfer between the molecule and the sheet are arranged in nanoclusters having diameters of about 2 nm. The synthetic fine tuning of the reaction time enables to change the interspacing between the nanoclusters, keeping their size intact. Their magnetism changes from paramagnetic behavior to collective one gradually as the interspacing decreases. The creation of collective nature among weakly interacting molecular spins through their nanoscale arrangement on the GO surface opens a new avenue to molecular magnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Sakurai
- WPI-Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan.
| | - Pradyot Koley
- WPI-Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Masakazu Aono
- WPI-Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
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20
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Geetha Bai R, Muthoosamy K, Manickam S, Hilal-Alnaqbi A. Graphene-based 3D scaffolds in tissue engineering: fabrication, applications, and future scope in liver tissue engineering. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:5753-5783. [PMID: 31413573 PMCID: PMC6662516 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s192779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering embraces the potential of recreating and replacing defective body parts by advancements in the medical field. Being a biocompatible nanomaterial with outstanding physical, chemical, optical, and biological properties, graphene-based materials were successfully employed in creating the perfect scaffold for a range of organs, starting from the skin through to the brain. Investigations on 2D and 3D tissue culture scaffolds incorporated with graphene or its derivatives have revealed the capability of this carbon material in mimicking in vivo environment. The porous morphology, great surface area, selective permeability of gases, excellent mechanical strength, good thermal and electrical conductivity, good optical properties, and biodegradability enable graphene materials to be the best component for scaffold engineering. Along with the apt microenvironment, this material was found to be efficient in differentiating stem cells into specific cell types. Furthermore, the scope of graphene nanomaterials in liver tissue engineering as a promising biomaterial is also discussed. This review critically looks into the unlimited potential of graphene-based nanomaterials in future tissue engineering and regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Geetha Bai
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (NATAM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, 43500, Malaysia
| | - Kasturi Muthoosamy
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (NATAM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, 43500, Malaysia
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (NATAM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, 43500, Malaysia
| | - Ali Hilal-Alnaqbi
- Electromechanical Technology, Abu Dhabi Polytechnic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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21
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Kosowska K, Domalik-Pyzik P, Krok-Borkowicz M, Chłopek J. Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Composites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E2077. [PMID: 31261610 PMCID: PMC6651717 DOI: 10.3390/ma12132077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Graphene family materials (GFM) are currently considered to be one of the most interesting nanomaterials with a wide range of application. They can also be used as modifiers of polymer matrices to develop composite materials with favorable properties. In this study, hybrid nanocomposites based on chitosan (CS) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were fabricated for potential use in bone tissue engineering. CS/rGO hydrogels were prepared by simultaneous reduction and composite formation in acetic acid or lactic acid and crosslinked with a natural agent-tannic acid (TAc). A broad spectrum of research methods was applied in order to thoroughly characterize both the components and the composite systems, i.e., X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffractometry, Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, ninhydrin assay, mechanical testing, in vitro degradation and bioactivity study, wettability, and, finally, cytocompatibility. The composites formed through the self-assembly of CS chains and exfoliated rGO sheets. Obtained results allowed also to conclude that the type of solvent used impacts the polymer structure and its ability to interact with rGO sheets and the mechanical properties of the composites. Both rGO and TAc acted as crosslinkers of the polymer chains. This study shows that the developed materials demonstrate the potential for use in bone tissue engineering. The next step should be their detailed biological examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kosowska
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Patrycja Domalik-Pyzik
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Krok-Borkowicz
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan Chłopek
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
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Elucidating the Chemistry behind the Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using a Green Approach with Polydopamine. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9060902. [PMID: 31234338 PMCID: PMC6630331 DOI: 10.3390/nano9060902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new approach using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to give insight into the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) using a green approach with polydopamine (PDA). In this approach, the number of carbon atoms bonded to OH and to nitrogen in PDA is considered and compared to the total intensity of the signal resulting from OH groups in polydopamine-reduced graphene oxide (PDA-GO) to show the reduction. For this purpose, GO and PDA-GO with different times of reduction were prepared and characterized by Raman Spectroscopy and XPS. The PDA layer was removed to prepare reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and the effect of all chemical treatments on the thermal and electrical properties of the materials was studied. The results show that the complete reduction of the OH groups in GO occurred after 180 min of reaction. It was also concluded that Raman spectroscopy is not well suited to determine if the reduction and restoration of the sp2 structure occurred. Moreover, a significant change in the thermal stability was not observed with the chemical treatments. Finally, the electrical powder conductivity decreased after reduction with PDA, increasing again after its removal.
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Electrophoretic Deposition of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets on Copper Pipe for Corrosion Protection. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-019-03872-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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24
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Rishi AM, Kandlikar SG, Gupta A. Repetitive Pool Boiling Runs: A Controlled Process to Form Reduced Graphene Oxide Surfaces from Graphene Oxide with Tunable Surface Chemistry and Morphology. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b06062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aniket M. Rishi
- Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, 76 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Satish G. Kandlikar
- Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, 76 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
- Mechanical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, 76 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Anju Gupta
- Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, 76 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
- Chemical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, 160 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
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25
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Gurunathan S, Kang MH, Jeyaraj M, Kim JH. Differential Cytotoxicity of Different Sizes of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles in Leydig (TM3) and Sertoli (TM4) Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9020139. [PMID: 30678270 PMCID: PMC6410280 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is an common nanomaterial and has attracted unlimited interest in academia and industry due to its physical, chemical, and biological properties, as well as for its tremendous potential in applications in various fields, including nanomedicine. Whereas studies have evaluated the size-dependent cytotoxicity of GO in cancer cells, there have been no studies on the biological behavior of ultra-small graphene nanosheets in germ cells. To investigate, for the first time, the cyto- and geno- toxic effects of different sizes of GO in two different cell types, Leydig (TM3) and Sertoli (TM4) cells, we synthesized different sized GO nanosheets with an average size of 100 and 20 nm by a modification of Hummers’ method, and characterized them by various analytical techniques. Cell viability and proliferation assays showed significant size- and dose-dependent toxicity with GO-20 and GO-100. Interestingly, GO-20 induced significant loss of cell viability and cell proliferation, higher levels of leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation compared to GO-100. Both GO-100 and GO-20 induced significant loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in TM3 and TM4 cells, which is a critical factor for ROS generation. Furthermore, GO-100 and GO-20 caused oxidative damage to DNA by increasing the levels of 8-oxo-dG, which is formed by direct attack of ROS on DNA; GO-100 and GO-20 upregulate various genes responsible for DNA damage and apoptosis. We found that phosphorylation levels of EGFR/AKT signaling molecules, which are related to cell survival and apoptosis, were significantly altered after GO-100 and GO-20 exposure. Our results showed that GO-20 has more potent toxic effects than GO-100, and that the loss of MMP and apoptosis are the main toxicity responses to GO-100 and GO-20 treatments, which likely occur due to EGFR/AKT pathway regulation. Collectively, our results suggest that both GO-100 and GO-20 exhibit size-dependent germ cell toxicity in male somatic cells, particularly TM3 cells, which seem to be more sensitive compared to TM4, which strongly suggests that applications of GO in commercial products must be carefully evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Min-Hee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Muniyandi Jeyaraj
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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26
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Gurunathan S, Kang MH, Jeyaraj M, Kim JH. Differential Immunomodulatory Effect of Graphene Oxide and Vanillin-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles in Human Acute Monocytic Leukemia Cell Line (THP-1). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E247. [PMID: 30634552 PMCID: PMC6359521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene and its derivatives are emerging as attractive materials for biomedical applications, including antibacterial, gene delivery, contrast imaging, and anticancer therapy applications. It is of fundamental importance to study the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of these materials as well as how they interact with the immune system. The present study was conducted to assess the immunotoxicity of graphene oxide (GO) and vanillin-functionalized GO (V-rGO) on THP-1 cells, a human acute monocytic leukemia cell line. The synthesized GO and V-rGO were characterized by using various analytical techniques. Various concentrations of GO and V-rGO showed toxic effects on THP-1 cells such as the loss of cell viability and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Cytotoxicity was further demonstrated as an increased level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), decreased level of ATP content, and cell death. Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation caused redox imbalance in THP-1 cells, leading to increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased levels of anti-oxidants such as glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), super oxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). Increased generation of ROS and reduced MMP with simultaneous increases in the expression of pro-apoptotic genes and downregulation of anti-apoptotic genes suggest that the mitochondria-mediated pathway is involved in GO and V-rGO-induced apoptosis. Apoptosis was induced consistently with the significant DNA damage caused by increased levels of 8-oxo-dG and upregulation of various key DNA-regulating genes in THP-1 cells, indicating that GO and V-rGO induce cell death through oxidative stress. As a result of these events, GO and V-rGO stimulated the secretion of various cytokines and chemokines, indicating that the graphene materials induced potent inflammatory responses to THP-1 cells. The harshness of V-rGO in all assays tested occurred because of better charge transfer, various carbon to oxygen ratios, and chemical compositions in the rGO. Overall, these findings suggest that it is essential to better understand the parameters governing GO and functionalized GO in immunotoxicity and inflammation. Rational design of safe GO-based formulations for various applications, including nanomedicine, may result in the development of risk management methods for people exposed to graphene and graphene family materials, as these nanoparticles can be used as delivery agents in various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Min-Hee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Muniyandi Jeyaraj
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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Gannavarapu KP, Azizighannad S, Muthukumar V S, Mitra S, Dandamudi RB. Microwave-Assisted Biogenic Synthesis of Metal-Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide and their Electrochemical Properties. ChemistrySelect 2018; 3:13438-13441. [PMID: 30761354 PMCID: PMC6370324 DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report a microwave assisted, fungal (Ganoderma lucidum) extract mediated synthesis of noble metal decorated reduced graphene oxide(r-GO). The carbon to oxygen ratio increased from 1.46 in GO to 2.72 in r-GO. The electron rate transfer capabilities of Pt, Pd, Ru, Pt-Pd and Pt- Ru decorated r- GO were tested in ferri-ferro coupling reaction. Excellent electrochemical behaviour were observed in their ability to oxidize hydrazine, reduce H2O2, as well as oxygen reduction in alkaline medium and hydrogen evolution in acidic medium. These reactions represent diverse applications in energy production, storage, electrochemical sensing and electro catalysis, thus the method presented here can be quite useful in diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Prasad Gannavarapu
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam Campus Puttaparthi, Anantapur District, Andhra Pradesh-515134, India, Tel.: +919441587413
| | - Samar Azizighannad
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 151 Tiernan Hall, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Sai Muthukumar V
- Department of Physics, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam Campus Puttaparthi, Anantapur District, Andhra Pradesh, 515134, India
| | - Somenath Mitra
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 151 Tiernan Hall, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Rajesh Babu Dandamudi
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam Campus Puttaparthi, Anantapur District, Andhra Pradesh-515134, India, Tel.: +919441587413
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Mukheem A, Muthoosamy K, Manickam S, Sudesh K, Shahabuddin S, Saidur R, Akbar N, Sridewi N. Fabrication and Characterization of an Electrospun PHA/Graphene Silver Nanocomposite Scaffold for Antibacterial Applications. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11091673. [PMID: 30201852 PMCID: PMC6163631 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many wounds are unresponsive to currently available treatment techniques and therefore there is an immense need to explore suitable materials, including biomaterials, which could be considered as the crucial factor to accelerate the healing cascade. In this study, we fabricated polyhydroxyalkanoate-based antibacterial mats via an electrospinning technique. One-pot green synthesized graphene-decorated silver nanoparticles (GAg) were incorporated into the fibres of poly-3 hydroxybutarate-co-12 mol.% hydroxyhexanoate (P3HB-co-12 mol.% HHx), a co-polymer of the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) family which is highly biocompatible, biodegradable, and flexible in nature. The synthesized PHA/GAg biomaterial has been characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), elemental mapping, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). An in vitro antibacterial analysis was performed to investigate the efficacy of PHA/GAg against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strain 12,600 ATCC and gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain 8739 ATCC. The results indicated that the PHA/GAg demonstrated significant reduction of S. aureus and E. coli as compared to bare PHA or PHA- reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in 2 h of time. The p value (p < 0.05) was obtained by using a two-sample t-test distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Mukheem
- Department of Maritime Science and Technology Faculty of Science and Defence Technology, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Kasturi Muthoosamy
- Department of Chemical and Nano pharmaceutical Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia.
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Department of Chemical and Nano pharmaceutical Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia.
| | - Kumar Sudesh
- Applied Microbiology and Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Syed Shahabuddin
- Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology (RCNMET), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Rahman Saidur
- Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology (RCNMET), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
- School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah 31208, UAE.
| | - Noor Akbar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Nanthini Sridewi
- Department of Maritime Science and Technology Faculty of Science and Defence Technology, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
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29
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Yadav R, Subhash A, Chemmenchery N, Kandasubramanian B. Graphene and Graphene Oxide for Fuel Cell Technology. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramdayal Yadav
- Structural Composite Fabrication Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry
of Defence, Girinagar, Pune-411025, India
| | - Akshay Subhash
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University College of Engineering, Thodupuzha, Idukki, Kerala-685587, India
| | - Nikhil Chemmenchery
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University College of Engineering, Thodupuzha, Idukki, Kerala-685587, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Structural Composite Fabrication Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry
of Defence, Girinagar, Pune-411025, India
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30
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Minitha C, Anithaa VS, Subramaniam V, Rajendra Kumar RT. Impact of Oxygen Functional Groups on Reduced Graphene Oxide-Based Sensors for Ammonia and Toluene Detection at Room Temperature. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:4105-4112. [PMID: 31458646 PMCID: PMC6641524 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b02085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The chemically reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was prepared by the reduction of graphene oxide by hydrazine hydrate. By varying the reduction time (10 min, 1 h, and 15 h), oxygen functional groups on rGO were tremendously controlled and they were named RG1, RG2, and RG3, respectively. Here, we investigate the impact of oxygen functional groups on the detection of ammonia and toluene at room temperature. Their effect on sensing mechanism was analyzed by first-principles calculation-based density functional theory. The sensing material was fabricated, and the effect of reduction time shown improved the recovery of ammonia and toluene sensing at room temperature. Structural, morphological, and electrical characterizations were performed on both RG1 and RG3. The sensor response toward toluene vapor of 300 ppm was found to vary 4.4, 2.5, and 3.8% for RG1, RG2, and RG3, respectively. Though RG1 shows higher sensing response with poor recovery, RG3 exhibited complete desorption of toluene after the sensing process with response and recovery times of approximately 40 and 75 s, respectively. The complete recovery of toluene molecules on RG3 is due to the generation of new sites after the reduction of oxygen functionalities on its surface. It could be suggested that these sites provided anchor to ammonia and toluene molecules and good recovery under N2 purge. Both theoretical and experimental studies revealed that tuning the oxygen functional groups on rGO could play a vital role in the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on rGO sheets and was discussed in detail. This study could provoke knowledge about rGO-based sensor dependency with oxygen functional groups and shed light on effective monitoring of VOCs under ambient conditions for air quality monitoring applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherukutty
Ramakrishnan Minitha
- Advanced Materials
and Devices Laboratory (AMDL), Department of Physics, Department of Physics, Department of Medical
Physics, and Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Velunair Sukumaran Anithaa
- Advanced Materials
and Devices Laboratory (AMDL), Department of Physics, Department of Physics, Department of Medical
Physics, and Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Vijayakumar Subramaniam
- Advanced Materials
and Devices Laboratory (AMDL), Department of Physics, Department of Physics, Department of Medical
Physics, and Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Ramasamy Thangavelu Rajendra Kumar
- Advanced Materials
and Devices Laboratory (AMDL), Department of Physics, Department of Physics, Department of Medical
Physics, and Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
- E-mail: . Phone : +91-9789757888 (R.T.R.K.)
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31
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Choi YJ, Gurunathan S, Kim JH. Graphene Oxide-Silver Nanocomposite Enhances Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Potential of Salinomycin in Human Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells (OvCSCs): A Novel Approach for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E710. [PMID: 29494563 PMCID: PMC5877571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of graphene to target and eliminate cancer stem cells (CSCs) is an alternative approach to conventional chemotherapy. We show the biomolecule-mediated synthesis of reduced graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle nanocomposites (rGO-Ag) using R-phycoerythrin (RPE); the resulting RPE-rGO-Ag was evaluated in human ovarian cancer cells and ovarian cancer stem cells (OvCSCs). The synthesized RPE-rGO-Ag nanocomposite (referred to as rGO-Ag) was characterized using various analytical techniques. rGO-Ag showed significant toxicity towards both ovarian cancer cells and OvCSCs. After 3 weeks of incubating OvCSCs with rGO-Ag, the number of A2780 and ALDH⁺CD133⁺ colonies was significantly reduced. rGO-Ag was toxic to OvCSCs and reduced cell viability by mediating the generation of reactive oxygen species, leakage of lactate dehydrogenase, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, and enhanced expression of apoptotic genes, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and possibly triggering apoptosis. rGO-Ag showed significant cytotoxic potential towards highly tumorigenic ALDH⁺CD133⁺ cells. The combination of rGO-Ag and salinomycin induced 5-fold higher levels of apoptosis than each treatment alone. A combination of rGO-Ag and salinomycin at very low concentrations may be suitable for selectively killing OvCSCs and sensitizing tumor cells. rGO-Ag may be a novel nano-therapeutic molecule for specific targeting of highly tumorigenic ALDH⁺CD133⁺ cells and eliminating CSCs. This study highlights the potential for targeted therapy of tumor-initiating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jung Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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32
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Park CM, Wang D, Heo J, Her N, Su C. Aggregation of reduced graphene oxide and its nanohybrids with magnetite and elemental silver under environmentally relevant conditions. JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY FORUM FOR NANOSCALE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018; 20:93. [PMID: 31595146 PMCID: PMC6781226 DOI: 10.1007/s11051-018-4202-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation and long-term (25 d) sedimentation behaviors of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and its three successively self-assembled nanohybrids with magnetite (Fe3O4) and zerovalent silver (Ag0) nanoparticles have been investigated. The aggregation behaviors of the nanomaterials in NaCl and CaCl2 were found to be in good agreement with the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO)-type interactions and the Schulze-Hardy rule. The colloidal stability decreased with the increasing ratios of the edge-based functional groups (COO- and C=O) to the total oxygen-containing functional groups decorated on the basal planes (C-O) and edges of RGO, as quantified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. In the presence of natural organic matter (NOM), the aggregation of RGO and its nanohybrids was greatly inhibited as a result of the enhanced electrosteric repulsions arising from the adsorbed NOM macromolecules. The long-term sedimentation kinetics results showed that the RGO nanohybrids were less stable in synthetic groundwater containing higher electrolyte concentrations, which was likely because of the greater charge screening or neutralization effect imparted by higher monovalent and divalent electrolyte concentrations. Our findings have important implications for evaluating the environmental impact and toxicity of the emerging class of multifunctional nanohybrids whose environmental behaviors are currently largely unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Min Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
- National Research Council Research Associate at the United States Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
| | - Dengjun Wang
- National Research Council Research Associate at the United States Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
| | - Jiyong Heo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Army Academy at Youngcheon, 495 Hogook-ro, Gokyungmeon, Youngcheon, Gyeongbuk 38900, South Korea
| | - Namguk Her
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Army Academy at Youngcheon, 495 Hogook-ro, Gokyungmeon, Youngcheon, Gyeongbuk 38900, South Korea
| | - Chunming Su
- Groundwater, Watershed and Ecosystem Restoration Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
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33
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Sengottaiyan C, Jayavel R, Bairi P, Shrestha RG, Ariga K, Shrestha LK. Cobalt Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite with Enhanced Electrochemical Supercapacitance Performance. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramasamy Jayavel
- Center for Nanoscience and Technolgy, Anna University, Chennai-600025, India
| | - Partha Bairi
- World Premier International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Ibaraki, Tsukuba 305-0044
| | - Rekha Goswami Shrestha
- World Premier International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Ibaraki, Tsukuba 305-0044
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- World Premier International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Ibaraki, Tsukuba 305-0044
- Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0827
| | - Lok Kumar Shrestha
- World Premier International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Ibaraki, Tsukuba 305-0044
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Muthoosamy K, Abubakar IB, Bai RG, Loh HS, Manickam S. Exceedingly Higher co-loading of Curcumin and Paclitaxel onto Polymer-functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide for Highly Potent Synergistic Anticancer Treatment. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32808. [PMID: 27597657 PMCID: PMC5011726 DOI: 10.1038/srep32808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis of lung carcinoma to breast and vice versa accounts for one of the vast majority of cancer deaths. Synergistic treatments are proven to be the effective method to inhibit malignant cell proliferation. It is highly advantageous to use the minimum amount of a potent toxic drug, such as paclitaxel (Ptx) in ng/ml together with a natural and safe anticancer drug, curcumin (Cur) to reduce the systemic toxicity. However, both Cur and Ptx suffer from poor bioavailability. Herein, a drug delivery cargo was engineered by functionalizing reduced graphene oxide (G) with an amphiphilic polymer, PF-127 (P) by hydrophobic assembly. The drugs were loaded via pi-pi interactions, resulting in a nano-sized GP-Cur-Ptx of 140 nm. A remarkably high Cur loading of 678 wt.% was achieved, the highest thus far compared to any other Cur nanoformulations. Based on cell proliferation assay, GP-Cur-Ptx is a synergistic treatment (CI < 1) and is highly potent towards lung, A549 (IC50 = 13.24 μg/ml) and breast, MDA-MB-231 (IC50 = 1.450 μg/ml) cancer cells. These positive findings are further confirmed by increased reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential depletion and cell apoptosis. The same dose treated on normal MRC-5 cells shows that the system is biocompatible and cancerous cell-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Muthoosamy
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (CENTAM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus (UNMC), Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
| | | | - Renu Geetha Bai
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (CENTAM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus (UNMC), Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
| | - Hwei-San Loh
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, UNMC, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
- Biotechnology Research Centre, UNMC, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (CENTAM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus (UNMC), Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
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35
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Robust Denaturation of Villin Headpiece by MoS2 Nanosheet: Potential Molecular Origin of the Nanotoxicity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28252. [PMID: 27312409 PMCID: PMC4911589 DOI: 10.1038/srep28252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MoS2 nanosheet, a new two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides nanomaterial, has attracted significant attentions lately due to many potential promising biomedical applications. Meanwhile, there is also a growing concern on its biocompatibility, with little known on its interactions with various biomolecules such as proteins. In this study, we use all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the interaction of a MoS2 nanosheet with Villin Headpiece (HP35), a model protein widely used in protein folding studies. We find that MoS2 exhibits robust denaturing capability to HP35, with its secondary structures severely destroyed within hundreds of nanosecond simulations. Both aromatic and basic residues are critical for the protein anchoring onto MoS2 surface, which then triggers the successive protein unfolding process. The main driving force behind the adsorption process is the dispersion interaction between protein and MoS2 monolayer. Moreover, water molecules at the interface between some key hydrophobic residues (e.g. Trp-64) and MoS2 surface also help to accelerate the process driven by nanoscale drying, which provides a strong hydrophobic force. These findings might have shed new light on the potential nanotoxicity of MoS2 to proteins with atomic details, which should be helpful in guiding future biomedical applications of MoS2 with its nanotoxicity mitigated.
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