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Sukudom S, Wee J, Huangfu G, Ayonrinde O, Fegan PG, Ihdayhid A, Watts GF, Dwivedi G. Hepatic Steatosis and High-Risk Coronary Plaque: A Systematic Review. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2024:S1936-878X(24)00250-X. [PMID: 39093253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2024.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
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Saydam CD. Erratum: Addendum and Corrigendum to "Subclinical cardiovascular disease and utility of coronary artery calcium score" [IJC Heart Vasculat. 37 (2021) 100909]. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2023; 46:101208. [PMID: 37255860 PMCID: PMC10225660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2023.101208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100909.].
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Cattazzo F, Lombardi R, Mantovani A, Bevilacqua M, Zoncapè M, Iogna Prat L, Roccarina D, Fortuna L, Cespiati A, Sacerdoti D, Fracanzani AL, Tsochatzis E, Fava C, Dalbeni A. Subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with the presence of hypertension. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:2839-2847. [PMID: 36404479 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. However, it is unclear whether NAFLD contributes independently to the development of CV disease. Our study aimed at assessing the differences in several indices of atherosclerosis, arterial stiffness and cardiac morphology among patients with isolated NAFLD, isolated hypertension (HT) or a combination of the two conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 169 participants (mean age = 50.4 ± 10.2 yrs; males = 73.6%) were divided according to the presence of NAFLD and HT into three groups: only NAFLD (55 patients), only HT (49 patients), and NAFLD + HT (65 patients). Exclusion criteria were a BMI≥35 kg/m2 and a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Carotid ultrasonography was performed to measure markers of atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness. Cardiac remodeling was analyzed using echocardiography. The prevalence of subclinical and overt atherosclerosis was significantly higher in the NAFLD + HT patients as compared to the other two groups (atherosclerotic plaques: 43.1%, 10.9%, and 22.4% (p < 0.001) in NAFLD + HT, NAFLD, and HT groups, respectively). No differences were found among indices of arterial stiffening and cardiac remodeling across the three groups. In multivariate regression analysis, the coexistence of NAFLD and HT was an independent risk factor for overt atherosclerosis (OR = 4.88, CI 95% 1.14-20.93), while no association was found when either NAFLD or HT was considered alone. CONCLUSION Overt atherosclerosis was significantly present only in NAFLD + HT patients, but not in patients with isolated NAFLD. This implies that the impact of NAFLD on vascular structure and function could depend on the coexistence of other major CV risk factors, such as HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Cattazzo
- General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy; Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Rosa Lombardi
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Disease, Ca' Granda IRCCS Foundation, Policlinico Hospital, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Mantovani
- General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy; Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy; UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Hospital and UCL, London, UK
| | - Michele Bevilacqua
- General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy; Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mirko Zoncapè
- General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy; Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Iogna Prat
- UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Hospital and UCL, London, UK
| | - Davide Roccarina
- UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Hospital and UCL, London, UK
| | - Leonardo Fortuna
- General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Annalisa Cespiati
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Disease, Ca' Granda IRCCS Foundation, Policlinico Hospital, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - David Sacerdoti
- General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy; Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anna L Fracanzani
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Disease, Ca' Granda IRCCS Foundation, Policlinico Hospital, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Emmanouil Tsochatzis
- UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Hospital and UCL, London, UK
| | - Cristiano Fava
- General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Dalbeni
- General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy; Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
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The association of pericardial fat and peri-aortic fat with severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14014. [PMID: 35982232 PMCID: PMC9388488 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18499-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with central obesity, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. However, the association of body-site specific adiposity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been well characterized. We studies 704 consecutive subjects who underwent annual health survey in Taiwan. All subjects have been divided into three groups including normal (341), mild (227) and moderate and severe (136) NAFLD according to ultrasound finding. Pericardial (PCF) and thoracic peri-aortic adipose tissue (TAT) burden was assessed using a non-contrast 16-slice multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) dataset with off-line measurement (Aquarius 3DWorkstation, TeraRecon, SanMateo, CA, USA). We explored the relationship between PCF/TAT, NAFLD and cardiometabolic risk profiles. Patients with moderate and mild NAFLD have greater volume of PCF (100.7 ± 26.3vs. 77.1 ± 21.3 vs. 61.7 ± 21.6 ml, P < 0.001) and TAT (11.2 ± 4.1 vs. 7.6 ± 2.6 vs. 5.5 ± 2.6 ml, P < 0.001) when compared to the normal groups. Both PCF and TAT remained independently associated with NAFLD after counting for age, sex, triglyceride, cholesterol and other cardiometabolic risk factors. In addition, both PCF and TAT provided incremental prediction value for NAFLD diagnosis. (AUROC: 0.85 and 0.87, 95%, confidence interval: 0.82-0.89 and 0.84-0.90). Both visceral adipose tissues strongly correlated with the severity of NAFLD. Compared to PCF, TAT is more tightly associated with NAFLD diagnosis in a large Asian population.
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Perdomo CM, Ezponda A, Núñez-Córdoba JM, Herrero JI, Bastarrika G, Frühbeck G, Escalada J. Transient elastography and serum markers of liver fibrosis associate with epicardial adipose tissue and coronary artery calcium in NAFLD. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6564. [PMID: 35449229 PMCID: PMC9023439 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10487-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with cardiovascular disease morbimortality. However, it is not clear if NAFLD staging may help identify early or subclinical markers of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to evaluate the association of liver stiffness and serum markers of liver fibrosis with epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and coronary artery calcium (CAC) in an observational cross-sectional study of 49 NAFLD patients that were seen at Clínica Universidad de Navarra (Spain) between 2009 and 2019. Liver elastography and non-invasive fibrosis markers were used to non-invasively measure fibrosis. EAT and CAC, measured through visual assessment, were determined by computed tomography. Liver stiffness showed a direct association with EAT (r = 0.283, p-value = 0.049) and CAC (r = 0.337, p-value = 0.018). NAFLD fibrosis score was associated with EAT (r = 0.329, p-value = 0.021) and CAC (r = 0.387, p-value = 0.006). The association of liver stiffness with CAC remained significant after adjusting for metabolic syndrome features (including carbohydrate intolerance/diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, visceral adipose tissue, and obesity). The evaluation of NAFLD severity through liver elastography or non-invasive liver fibrosis biomarkers may contribute to guide risk factor modification to reduce cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic patients. Inversely, subclinical cardiovascular disease assessment, through Visual Scale for CAC scoring, may be a simple and effective measure for patients with potential liver fibrosis, independently of the existence of other cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina M Perdomo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pio XII, 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Ana Ezponda
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jorge M Núñez-Córdoba
- Research Support Service, Central Clinical Trials Unit, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José I Herrero
- Hepatology Unit, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERehd (CIBER Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación en la Salud de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gorka Bastarrika
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pio XII, 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERObn (CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación en la Salud de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Escalada
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pio XII, 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERObn (CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación en la Salud de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
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Tretyakova VA, Zhernakova NI, Arisheva OS, Garmash IV, Tretyakov A, Gerasimov NI, Ermilov OV. Meta-Analysis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Electromechanical Reconstruction of Myocardium. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2022; 77:135-140. [PMID: 35891721 PMCID: PMC9288639 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2021.356231.1808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In developed countries, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which results from obesity, has become endemic and kills many adults annually. Health research centers in most countries are looking to examine the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and metabolic biomarkers. A bleeding-prone standard liver biopsy or costly magnetic resonance imaging scan is used to diagnose NAFLD. The present study aimed to analyze medical databases using various scientific articles; moreover, this experiment analyzed medical databases using published scientific articles related to NAFLD, endovascular treatment, cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disorders, changes in the geometry of atria and ventricles, changes in myocardial mass volume as well as diastolic flow left and right ventricular systolic functions, coronary blood flow, analysis of the dependence of epicardial fat tissue (EFT) thickness, and the presence of chronic heart failure (CHF). It is demonstrated that the index of EFT in NAFLD positively correlated with the criteria of cardiovascular health, values of the carotid intima-media thickness, and calcification of the coronary arteries on the coronary artery calcium scale (P<0.0001). The index of per EFT significantly correlated with the factor of the age of the NAFLD patients (P=0.04), hemoglobin A1C level (P<0.001), systemic inflammatory index (P=0.02), the index of impaired glucose tolerance (P=0.03), and especially, the patient's diabetes factor (P<0.001). In addition, adiponectin levels were significantly lower in individuals with NAFLD (P=0.001) and patients with MetS (P=0.02). NAFLD in association with an increase in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, CHF, as well as structural and electrophysiological myocardial remodeling. The study of pathogenetic mechanisms in the context of the role of EAT and clinical monitoring of its condition are urgent problems of modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. A Tretyakova
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Medical Institute, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia,
Department of Internal Medicine with a Course of Cardiology and Functional Diagnostics Named after V. S. Moiseev., Institution of Higher Professional Education, "Peoples' Friendship University of Russia" Moscow, Russia
| | - N. I Zhernakova
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Medical Institute, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - O. S Arisheva
- Department of Internal Medicine with a Course of Cardiology and Functional Diagnostics Named after V. S. Moiseev., Institution of Higher Professional Education, "Peoples' Friendship University of Russia" Moscow, Russia
| | - I. V Garmash
- Department of Internal Medicine with a Course of Cardiology and Functional Diagnostics Named after V. S. Moiseev., Institution of Higher Professional Education, "Peoples' Friendship University of Russia" Moscow, Russia
| | - A Tretyakov
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Medical Institute, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - N. I Gerasimov
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Medical Institute, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - O. V Ermilov
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Medical Institute, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
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Pericardial fat, thoracic peri-aortic adipose tissue, and systemic inflammatory marker in nonalcoholic fatty liver and abdominal obesity phenotype. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1958. [PMID: 35121786 PMCID: PMC8816900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06030-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers have conducted many studies about the relationships between peri-cardiovascular fat, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), waist circumference, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nevertheless, the relationship between NAFLD and pericardial fat (PCF)/thoracic peri-aortic adipose tissue (TAT) phenotypes was still unknown. This study aimed to explore whether PCF/TAT was associated with NAFLD/abdominal obesity (AO) phenotypes in different high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels. We consecutively studied 1655 individuals (mean age, 49.44 ± 9.76 years) who underwent a health-screening program. We showed a significant association between PCF/TAT and NAFLD/AO phenotypes in the cross-sectional study. We observed that the highest risk occurred in both abnormalities' groups, and the second highest risk occurred in the AO-only group. Subjects with AO had a significantly increased risk of PCF or TAT compared to those with NAFLD. Notably, the magnitude of the associations between PCF/TAT and NAFLD/AO varied by the level of systemic inflammatory marker (hs-CRP level). We suggested that people with AO and NAFLD must be more careful about changes in PCF and TAT. Regular measurement of waist circumference (or AO) can be a more accessible way to monitor peri-cardiovascular fat (PCF and TAT), which may serve as a novel and rapid way to screen CVD in the future.
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Xia J, Li J, Jin G, Yao D, Hua Q. Development of a Nomogram for Estimating the Risk of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:1749-1759. [PMID: 35706476 PMCID: PMC9191691 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s371208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are more likely to develop left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD). Although lifestyle adjustments contribute to the improvement of NAFLD, thereby delaying or even preventing LVDD progression, it is difficult to maintain a healthy lifestyle, resulting in a higher incidence of LVDD in NAFLD patients. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a nomogram for assessing the risk of LVDD progression in NAFLD patients to increase their adherence to therapeutic interventions and adjust their treatment regimens timely. METHODS A total of 148 medical records of NAFLD patients were retrospectively analyzed. Sixty-three were assigned to the LVDD+ group and 85 were assigned to the LVDD- group. The independent correlates of LVDD, which were screened via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression model first, followed by multivariate Logistic regression model, constituted the nomogram to determine the likelihood of LVDD in NAFLD patients. RESULTS Number of comorbidities, glycosylated hemoglobin, and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume index were independent correlates of LVDD (all P < 0.05). They served as components in the newly developed nomogram. It obtained significant clinical benefit in detecting NAFLD patients at the risk of LVDD progression, with satisfied discrimination and calibration. CONCLUSION We developed a nomogram for identifying NAFLD patients with a normal diastolic function who are at risk of LVDD progression, thus contributing to effective prevention of LVDD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinying Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Danzhen Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qifeng Hua
- Department of Radiology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Qifeng Hua, Department of Radiology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 41, northwest street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13905843180, Email
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Emamat H, Tangestani H, Behrad Nasab M, Ghalandari H, Hekmatdoost A. The association between epicardial adipose tissue and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review of existing human studies. EXCLI JOURNAL 2021; 20:1096-1105. [PMID: 34345229 PMCID: PMC8326500 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-3815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has significantly risen all around the world. Although visceral fat mass has been identified as an independent risk factor for NAFLD, the association of other ectopic fat depots, such as Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), with the disease has not been fully elucidated. The aim of the current study was to systematically review all available human studies conducted on the associations between EAT and NAFLD. All human studies published in English, which examined the association between the thickness or the volume of EAT and the incidence of NAFLD were systematically searched on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar search engines, from inception up to April 2021. Eighteen studies that met inclusion criteria were included in the final review. A total of 86 studies were found through searching the databases. After excluding duplicates, seventy six remained studies were scanned by title and abstract, out of which, 58 were excluded. Finally, eighteen articles (thirteen cross-sectional studies and five case-control studies) published between 2008 and 2021, were included in the review. According to the results of the reviewed articles, EAT was associated with the presence and progression of NAFLD. Furthermore, NAFLD patients with thicker EAT may need a more intensive hepatic follow-up. However, we suggest further investigation to find out the underlying mechanisms describing the observed association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Emamat
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadith Tangestani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mojgan Behrad Nasab
- Nutritionist, Emam Reza Hospital, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghalandari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pan XF, Wang L, Pan A. Epidemiology and determinants of obesity in China. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2021; 9:373-392. [PMID: 34022156 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00045-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 649] [Impact Index Per Article: 216.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has become a major public health issue in China. Overweight and obesity have increased rapidly in the past four decades, and the latest national prevalence estimates for 2015-19, based on Chinese criteria, were 6·8% for overweight and 3·6% for obesity in children younger than 6 years, 11·1% for overweight and 7·9% for obesity in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years, and 34·3% for overweight and 16·4% for obesity in adults (≥18 years). Prevalence differed by sex, age group, and geographical location, but was substantial in all subpopulations. Strong evidence from prospective cohort studies has linked overweight and obesity to increased risks of major non-communicable diseases and premature mortality in Chinese populations. The growing burden of overweight and obesity could be driven by economic developments, sociocultural norms, and policies that have shaped individual-level risk factors for obesity through urbanisation, urban planning and built environments, and food systems and environments. Substantial changes in dietary patterns have occurred in China, with increased consumption of animal-source foods, refined grains, and highly processed, high-sugar, and high-fat foods, while physical activity levels in all major domains have decreased with increasing sedentary behaviours. The effects of dietary factors and physical inactivity intersect with other individual-level risk factors such as genetic susceptibility, psychosocial factors, obesogens, and in-utero and early-life exposures. In view of the scarcity of research around the individual and collective roles of these upstream and downstream factors, multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary studies are urgently needed to identify systemic approaches that target both the population-level determinants and individual-level risk factors for obesity in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-Fei Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Limin Wang
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Zhan R, Qi R, Huang S, Lu Y, Wang X, Jiang J, Ruan X, Song A. The correlation between hepatic fat fraction evaluated by dual-energy computed tomography and high-risk coronary plaques in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Jpn J Radiol 2021; 39:763-773. [PMID: 33818707 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-021-01113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) evaluated by a hepatic fat fraction (HFF) using dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) and high-risk coronary plaques (HRP) in NAFLD patients. METHODS We conducted a matched case-control study involving 172 NAFLD individuals recruited from August 2019 to September 2020. They underwent dual-energy coronary computed tomographic angiography and were classified as no-plaque, HRP negative and HRP positive groups. HFF values were measured using multimaterial decomposition algorithm of DECT, and the differences among three groups were compared. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent correlation between HFF and HRP. Spearman rank correlation was used to assess the correlations between HFF and multiple variables. RESULTS HRP positive group (15.3%) had higher HFF values than no-plaque (6.9%) and HRP negative groups (8.9%) (P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding variables, the results indicated that HFF was an independent risk factor for HRP (OR 1.93, P < 0.001). Additionally, HFF significantly correlated with coronary artery calcium score, hepatic CT attenuation, epicardial and pericoronary adipose tissue volume, and CT attenuation (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS As a new imaging marker for the quantification of liver fat, HFF was independently associated with HRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No 6 HaiErXiang (North) Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong city, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rongxing Qi
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No 6 HaiErXiang (North) Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong city, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Sheng Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No 6 HaiErXiang (North) Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong city, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No 6 HaiErXiang (North) Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong city, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No 6 HaiErXiang (North) Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong city, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiashen Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No 6 HaiErXiang (North) Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong city, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiwu Ruan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No 6 HaiErXiang (North) Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong city, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Anyi Song
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No 6 HaiErXiang (North) Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong city, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
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Ledda RE, Milanese G, Cademartiri F, Maffei E, Benedetti G, Goldoni M, Silva M, Sverzellati N. Association of hepatic steatosis with epicardial fat volume and coronary artery disease in symptomatic patients. Radiol Med 2021; 126:652-660. [PMID: 33389661 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-020-01321-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to investigate whether HS-when associated with an excessive amount of epicardial adipose tissue-correlates with CAD in subjects with symptoms suggestive of CVD. METHODS AND RESULTS CCTA images, demographic and clinical variables of 1.182 individuals were retrieved: semi-automated measurements for EFV, CAC, and MLD were obtained. Individuals were grouped into three categories according to the presence of CAD, resulting in absent (CAD0), non-obstructive (CAD1) or obstructive (CAD2) disease-groups, and into two categories based on the presence of HS (with no HS, named HS-, and with HS, named HS+). EFV was significantly higher in HS+ than in HS- group (p < 0.001), whereas MLD was lower in CAD+ than in CAD- subjects (p < 0.001). Two predictive models for CAD were tested: the former included clinical risk factors for CAD along with age, gender, EFV and MLD, whereas the latter did not include clinical variables. The logistic regression analysis of the second proposed model reliably discriminated CAD0 from CAD1 and CAD2 (AUC of 0.712, range 0.682-0.742). CONCLUSION Lower MLD was associated with increased EFV, and MLD-as a marker of HS-discriminate symptomatic patients with CAD from whom without.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Eufrasia Ledda
- Division of Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DiMeC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gianluca Milanese
- Division of Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DiMeC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Erica Maffei
- Department of Radiology, Area Vasta 1/ASUR Marche, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Benedetti
- Division of Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DiMeC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Goldoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Mario Silva
- Division of Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DiMeC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Nicola Sverzellati
- Division of Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DiMeC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
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Bisaccia G, Ricci F, Mantini C, Tana C, Romani GL, Schiavone C, Gallina S. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease phenotypes. SAGE Open Med 2020; 8:2050312120933804. [PMID: 32612827 PMCID: PMC7307287 DOI: 10.1177/2050312120933804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is increasingly recognized as a major global health problem. Intertwined with diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease embraces a spectrum of liver conditions spanning from steatosis to inflammation, fibrosis, and liver failure. Compared with the general population, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease is higher among nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients, in whom comprehensive cardiovascular risk assessment is highly desirable. Preclinical effects of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on the heart include both metabolic and structural changes eventually preceding overt myocardial dysfunction. Particularly, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with enhanced atherosclerosis, heart muscle disease, valvular heart disease, and arrhythmias, with endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and oxidative stress playing in the background. In this topical review, we aimed to summarize current evidence on the epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, discuss the pathophysiological links between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease, illustrate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-related cardiovascular phenotypes, and finally provide a glimpse on the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiac steatosis, mitochondrial (dys)function, and cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giandomenico Bisaccia
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ricci
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cesare Mantini
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudio Tana
- Internal Medicine and Critical Subacute Care Unit, Medicine Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Romani
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cosima Schiavone
- Department of Internistic Ultrasound, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sabina Gallina
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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14
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Veloso CD, Belew GD, Ferreira LL, Grilo LF, Jones JG, Portincasa P, Sardão VA, Oliveira PJ. A Mitochondrial Approach to Cardiovascular Risk and Disease. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:3175-3194. [PMID: 31470786 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190830163735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading risk factor for mortality worldwide and the number of CVDs victims is predicted to rise through 2030. While several external parameters (genetic, behavioral, environmental and physiological) contribute to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality; intrinsic metabolic and functional determinants such as insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, inflammation, high blood pressure and dyslipidemia are considered to be dominant factors. METHODS Pubmed searches were performed using different keywords related with mitochondria and cardiovascular disease and risk. In vitro, animal and human results were extracted from the hits obtained. RESULTS High cardiac energy demand is sustained by mitochondrial ATP production, and abnormal mitochondrial function has been associated with several lifestyle- and aging-related pathologies in the developed world such as diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and kidney diseases, that in turn can lead to cardiac injury. In order to delay cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of cardiovascular risk, regular physical activity has been shown to improve mitochondrial parameters and myocardial tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion (IR). Furthermore, pharmacological interventions can prevent the risk of CVDs. Therapeutic agents that can target mitochondria, decreasing ROS production and improve its function have been intensively researched. One example is the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ10, which already showed beneficial effects in hypertensive rat models. Carvedilol or antidiabetic drugs also showed protective effects by preventing cardiac mitochondrial oxidative damage. CONCLUSION This review highlights the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in CVDs, also show-casing several approaches that act by improving mitochondrial function in the heart, contributing to decrease some of the risk factors associated with CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline D Veloso
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Getachew D Belew
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Luciana L Ferreira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Luís F Grilo
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - John G Jones
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Vilma A Sardão
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
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Si Y, Cui Z, Liu J, Ding Z, Han C, Wang R, Liu T, Sun L. Pericardial adipose tissue is an independent risk factor of coronary artery disease and is associated with risk factors of coronary artery disease. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520926737. [PMID: 32493096 PMCID: PMC7273777 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520926737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Pericardial adipose tissue volume (PATV) is related to the mechanism of coronary artery disease (CAD), but its association with CAD risk factors is not clear. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between PATV and its associated factors. Methods A total of 682 inpatients were consecutively enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into the high PATV group (PATV ≥174.5 cm3; n = 506) and low PATV group (PATV < 174.5 cm3; n = 176). Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the related factors of PATV. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of CAD. Results Left ventricular fat volume, right ventricular fat volume, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significant and independent risk factors of enlargement of PATV. Increased PATV was identified as an independent risk factor of CAD, and increased pulse pressure was also independently and positively correlated with CAD. Conclusions PATV is significantly correlated with the classic risk factors of CAD. Pulse pressure is also correlated with PATV. PATV is an independent risk factor of CAD, and pericardial adipose tissue may alternatively be used in non-invasive diagnostic examination of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqiao Si
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, HeBei, China
| | - Zhixin Cui
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, HeBei, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, HeBei, China
| | - Zhenjiang Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, HeBei, China
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, HeBei, China
| | - Ruijuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, HeBei, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, HeBei, China
| | - Lixian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, HeBei, China
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