1
|
Sabbah DA, Hajjo R, Bardaweel SK, Zhong HA. Targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in anticancer research: a recent update on inhibitor design and clinical trials (2020-2023). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2024; 34:141-158. [PMID: 38557273 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2024.2338100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent years have witnessed great achievements in drug design and development targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase-B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway, a pathway central to cell growth and proliferation. The nearest neighbor protein-protein interaction networks for PI3K and AKT show the interplays between these target proteins which can be harnessed for drug discovery. In this review, we discuss the drug design and clinical development of inhibitors of PI3K/AKT in the past three years. We review in detail the structures, selectivity, efficacy, and combination therapy of 35 inhibitors targeting these proteins, classified based on the target proteins. Approaches to overcoming drug resistance and to minimizing toxicities are discussed. Future research directions for developing combinational therapy and PROTACs of PI3K and AKT inhibitors are also discussed. AREA COVERED This review covers clinical trial reports and patent literature on inhibitors of PI3K and AKT published between 2020 and 2023. EXPERT OPINION To address drug resistance and drug toxicity of inhibitors of PI3K and AKT, it is highly desirable to design and develop subtype-selective PI3K inhibitors or subtype-selective AKT1 inhibitors to minimize toxicity or to develop allosteric drugs that can form covalent bonds. The development of PROTACs of PI3Kα or AKT helps to reduce off-target toxicities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dima A Sabbah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rima Hajjo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Laboratory for Molecular Modeling, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- National Center for Epidemics and Communicable Disease Control (JCDC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Sanaa K Bardaweel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Haizhen A Zhong
- DSC 309, Department of Chemistry, The University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen M, Lan H, Yao S, Jin K, Chen Y. Metabolic Interventions in Tumor Immunity: Focus on Dual Pathway Inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072043. [PMID: 37046703 PMCID: PMC10093048 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolism of tumors and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) can affect the fate of cancer and immune responses. Metabolic reprogramming can occur following the activation of metabolic-related signaling pathways, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Moreover, various tumor-derived immunosuppressive metabolites following metabolic reprogramming also affect antitumor immune responses. Evidence shows that intervention in the metabolic pathways of tumors or immune cells can be an attractive and novel treatment option for cancer. For instance, administrating inhibitors of various signaling pathways, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks), can improve T cell-mediated antitumor immune responses. However, dual pathway inhibitors can significantly suppress tumor growth more than they inhibit each pathway separately. This review discusses the latest metabolic interventions by dual pathway inhibitors as well as the advantages and disadvantages of this therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Huanrong Lan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Shiya Yao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Ketao Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinchang People's Hospital, Affiliated Xinchang Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Xinchang 312500, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bai JW, Qiu SQ, Zhang GJ. Molecular and functional imaging in cancer-targeted therapy: current applications and future directions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:89. [PMID: 36849435 PMCID: PMC9971190 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01366-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted anticancer drugs block cancer cell growth by interfering with specific signaling pathways vital to carcinogenesis and tumor growth rather than harming all rapidly dividing cells as in cytotoxic chemotherapy. The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (RECIST) system has been used to assess tumor response to therapy via changes in the size of target lesions as measured by calipers, conventional anatomically based imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other imaging methods. However, RECIST is sometimes inaccurate in assessing the efficacy of targeted therapy drugs because of the poor correlation between tumor size and treatment-induced tumor necrosis or shrinkage. This approach might also result in delayed identification of response when the therapy does confer a reduction in tumor size. Innovative molecular imaging techniques have rapidly gained importance in the dawning era of targeted therapy as they can visualize, characterize, and quantify biological processes at the cellular, subcellular, or even molecular level rather than at the anatomical level. This review summarizes different targeted cell signaling pathways, various molecular imaging techniques, and developed probes. Moreover, the application of molecular imaging for evaluating treatment response and related clinical outcome is also systematically outlined. In the future, more attention should be paid to promoting the clinical translation of molecular imaging in evaluating the sensitivity to targeted therapy with biocompatible probes. In particular, multimodal imaging technologies incorporating advanced artificial intelligence should be developed to comprehensively and accurately assess cancer-targeted therapy, in addition to RECIST-based methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Bai
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Breast Cancer, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Research Center of Clinical Medicine in Breast and Thyroid Cancers, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China
- Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China
| | - Si-Qi Qiu
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Breast Diseases, Clinical Research Center, Shantou Central Hospital, 515041, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Shantou University Medical College, 515041, Shantou, China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Breast Cancer, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China.
- Xiamen Research Center of Clinical Medicine in Breast and Thyroid Cancers, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China.
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China.
- Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Targeting Human Proteins for Antiviral Drug Discovery and Repurposing Efforts: A Focus on Protein Kinases. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020568. [PMID: 36851782 PMCID: PMC9966946 DOI: 10.3390/v15020568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the great technological and medical advances in fighting viral diseases, new therapies for most of them are still lacking, and existing antivirals suffer from major limitations regarding drug resistance and a limited spectrum of activity. In fact, most approved antivirals are directly acting antiviral (DAA) drugs, which interfere with viral proteins and confer great selectivity towards their viral targets but suffer from resistance and limited spectrum. Nowadays, host-targeted antivirals (HTAs) are on the rise, in the drug discovery and development pipelines, in academia and in the pharmaceutical industry. These drugs target host proteins involved in the virus life cycle and are considered promising alternatives to DAAs due to their broader spectrum and lower potential for resistance. Herein, we discuss an important class of HTAs that modulate signal transduction pathways by targeting host kinases. Kinases are considered key enzymes that control virus-host interactions. We also provide a synopsis of the antiviral drug discovery and development pipeline detailing antiviral kinase targets, drug types, therapeutic classes for repurposed drugs, and top developing organizations. Furthermore, we detail the drug design and repurposing considerations, as well as the limitations and challenges, for kinase-targeted antivirals, including the choice of the binding sites, physicochemical properties, and drug combinations.
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Yang J, Shao X, Wang L, et al. Angelica polysaccharide exhibits antitumor effect in neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y by up-regulation of miR-205. BioFactors. 2023;49:201. https://doi.org/10.1002/biof.1586 This article, published online on 23 November 2019 in Wiley Online Library, has been retracted by agreement between the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Editor in Chief (Dr. Angelo Azzi), and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The retraction has been agreed following an investigation based on allegations raised by a third party. Evidence for image manipulation was found in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. As a result, the conclusions of this article are considered to be invalid.
Collapse
|
6
|
Nafie MS, Khodair AI, Hassan HAY, El-Fadeal NMA, Bogari HA, Elhady SS, Ahmed SA. Evaluation of 2-Thioxoimadazolidin-4-one Derivatives as Potent Anti-Cancer Agents through Apoptosis Induction and Antioxidant Activation: In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches. Molecules 2021; 27:83. [PMID: 35011314 PMCID: PMC8746798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most widespread malignancies and is reported as the fourth most prevalent cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the probable mechanistic cytotoxic effect of the promising 2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one derivative on liver cancer cells using in vitro and in vivo approaches. The compounds were tested for the in vitro cytotoxic activity using MTT assay, and the promising compound was tested in colony forming unit assay, flow cytometric analysis, RT-PCR, Western blotting, in vivo using SEC-carcinoma and in silico to highlight the virtual mechanism of action. Both compounds 4 and 2 performed cytotoxic effects against HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 0.017 and 0.18 μM, respectively, compared to Staurosporine and 5-Fu as reference drugs with IC50 values of 5.07 and 5.18 µM, respectively. Compound 4 treatment revealed apoptosis induction by 19.35-fold (11.42% compared to 0.59% in control), arresting the cell cycle at G2/M phase. Moreover, studying gene expression that plays critical roles in cell cycle and apoptosis by RT-PCR demonstrated that compound 4 enhances the expression of the pro-apoptotic genes p53, PUMA, and Caspase 3, 8, and 9, and impedes the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene in the HepG2 cells. It can also inhibit the PI3K/AKT pathway at both gene and protein levels, which was reinforced by the in silico predictions of the molecular docking simulations towards the PI3K/AKT proteins. Finally, in vivo study verified that compound 4 has a promising anti-cancer activity through activating antioxidant levels (CAT, SOD and GSH) and ameliorating hematological, biochemical, and histopathological findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I. Khodair
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Hebat Allah Y. Hassan
- Institute of Biotechnology for Graduate Studies & Research, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Noha M. Abd El-Fadeal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Hanin A. Bogari
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sameh S. Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Safwat A. Ahmed
- Institute of Biotechnology for Graduate Studies & Research, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tantawy AH, El-Behairy MF, Abd-Allah WH, Jiang H, Wang MQ, Marzouk AA. Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Computational Studies of Novel Fluorinated Candidates as PI3K Inhibitors: Targeting Fluorophilic Binding Sites. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17468-17485. [PMID: 34791873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Highly fluorinated candidates containing anticancer pharmacophores like thiosemicarbazone (5a-e) and its cyclic analogues hydrazineylidenethiazolidine (6a-e), 2-aminothiadiazole (7a-e), and 2-hydrazineylidenethiazolidin-4-one (8a-e) were synthesized, and their cytotoxic activity was assayed against 60 tumor cell lines. Compounds 6c, 7b, and 8b displayed the most potent activity with lower toxic effects on MCF-10a. In vitro phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) enzyme inhibition was performed. Compound 6c displayed half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50, μM) values of 5.8, 2.3, and 7.9; compound 7b displayed IC50 values of 19.4, 30.7, and 73.7; and compound 8b displayed IC50 values of 77.5, 53.5, and 121.3 for PI3Kα, β, and δ, respectively. Moreover, cell cycle progression caused cell cycle arrest at the S phase for compounds 6c and 8b and at G1/S for compound 7b, while apoptosis was induced. In silico studies; molecular docking; physicochemical parameters; and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analysis were performed. The results showed that compound 6c is the most potent one with a selectivity index (SI) of 39 and is considered as a latent lead for further optimization of anticancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Tantawy
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Farrag El-Behairy
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufiya 32897, Egypt
| | - Walaa Hamada Abd-Allah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Collage of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, P.O. 77, 6th of October City, Giza 12568, Egypt
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Qun Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Adel A Marzouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
El-Gamal MI, Mewafi NH, Abdelmotteleb NE, Emara MA, Tarazi H, Sbenati RM, Madkour MM, Zaraei SO, Shahin AI, Anbar HS. A Review of HER4 (ErbB4) Kinase, Its Impact on Cancer, and Its Inhibitors. Molecules 2021; 26:7376. [PMID: 34885957 PMCID: PMC8659013 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
HER4 is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is required for the evolution of normal body systems such as cardiovascular, nervous, and endocrine systems, especially the mammary glands. It is activated through ligand binding and activates MAPKs and PI3K/AKT pathways. HER4 is commonly expressed in many human tissues, both adult and fetal. It is important to understand the role of HER4 in the treatment of many disorders. Many studies were also conducted on the role of HER4 in tumors and its tumor suppressor function. Mostly, overexpression of HER4 kinase results in cancer development. In the present article, we reviewed the structure, location, ligands, physiological functions of HER4, and its relationship to different cancer types. HER4 inhibitors reported mainly from 2016 to the present were reviewed as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed I. El-Gamal
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (N.H.M.); (N.E.A.); (M.A.E.); (H.T.)
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.M.S.); (M.M.M.); (S.-O.Z.); (A.I.S.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Nada H. Mewafi
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (N.H.M.); (N.E.A.); (M.A.E.); (H.T.)
| | - Nada E. Abdelmotteleb
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (N.H.M.); (N.E.A.); (M.A.E.); (H.T.)
| | - Minnatullah A. Emara
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (N.H.M.); (N.E.A.); (M.A.E.); (H.T.)
| | - Hamadeh Tarazi
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (N.H.M.); (N.E.A.); (M.A.E.); (H.T.)
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.M.S.); (M.M.M.); (S.-O.Z.); (A.I.S.)
| | - Rawan M. Sbenati
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.M.S.); (M.M.M.); (S.-O.Z.); (A.I.S.)
| | - Moustafa M. Madkour
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.M.S.); (M.M.M.); (S.-O.Z.); (A.I.S.)
| | - Seyed-Omar Zaraei
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.M.S.); (M.M.M.); (S.-O.Z.); (A.I.S.)
| | - Afnan I. Shahin
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.M.S.); (M.M.M.); (S.-O.Z.); (A.I.S.)
| | - Hanan S. Anbar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapeutics, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Dubai 19099, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
New derivatives of sulfonylhydrazone as potential antitumor agents: Design, synthesis and cheminformatics evaluation. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2021; 71:545-565. [PMID: 36651560 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2021-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase α (PI3Kα) is a propitious target for designing anticancer drugs. A series of new N'-(diphenylmethylene)benzenesulfonohydrazide was synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, NMR (1H and 13C), HRMS, and elemental analysis. Target compounds exhibited an antiproliferative effect against the human colon carcinoma (HCT-116) cell line. Our cheminformatics analysis indicated that the para-tailored derivatives [p-NO2 (3) and p-CF3 (7)] have better ionization potentials based on calculated Moran autocorrelations and ionization potentials. Subsequent in vitro cell proliferation assays validated our cheminformatics results by providing experimental evidence that both derivatives 3 and 7 exhibited improved antiproliferative activities against HCT-116. Hence, our results emphasized the importance of electron-withdrawing groups and hydrogen bond-acceptors in the rational design of small-molecule chemical ligands targeting PI3Kα. These results agreed with the induced-fit docking against PI3Kα, highlighting the role of p-substituted aromatic rings in guiding the ligand-PI3Kα complex formation, by targeting a hydrophobic pocket in the ligand-binding site and forming π-stacking interactions with a nearby tryptophan residue.
Collapse
|
10
|
Borsari C, De Pascale M, Wymann MP. Chemical and Structural Strategies to Selectively Target mTOR Kinase. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2744-2759. [PMID: 34114360 PMCID: PMC8518124 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is implicated in cancer and neurological disorder, which identifies mTOR inhibition as promising strategy for the treatment of a variety of human disorders. First-generation mTOR inhibitors include rapamycin and its analogues (rapalogs) which act as allosteric inhibitors of TORC1. Structurally unrelated, ATP-competitive inhibitors that directly target the mTOR catalytic site inhibit both TORC1 and TORC2. Here, we review investigations of chemical scaffolds explored for the development of highly selective ATP-competitive mTOR kinase inhibitors (TORKi). Extensive medicinal chemistry campaigns allowed to overcome challenges related to structural similarity between mTOR and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) family. A broad region of chemical space is covered by TORKi. Here, the investigation of chemical substitutions and physicochemical properties has shed light on the compounds' ability to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB). This work provides insights supporting the optimization of TORKi for the treatment of cancer and central nervous system disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Borsari
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BaselMattenstrasse 284058BaselSwitzerland
| | - Martina De Pascale
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BaselMattenstrasse 284058BaselSwitzerland
| | - Matthias P. Wymann
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BaselMattenstrasse 284058BaselSwitzerland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sabbah DA, Hajjo R, Bardaweel SK, Zhong HA. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors: a recent update on inhibitor design and clinical trials (2016-2020). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2021; 31:877-892. [PMID: 33970742 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2021.1924150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase-B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway plays a central role in regulating cell growth and proliferation and thus has been considered as effective anticancer drug targets. Many PI3K inhibitors have been developed and progressed to various stages of clinical trials, and some have been approved as anticancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the drug design and clinical development of PI3K inhibitors over the past 4 years. We review the selectivity and potency of 47 PI3K inhibitors. Structural determinants for increasing selectivity toward PI3K subtype-selectivity or mutant selectivity are discussed. Future research direction and current clinical development in combination therapy of inhibitors involved in PI3Ks are also discussed.Area covered: This review covers clinical trial reports and patent literature on PI3K inhibitors and their selectivity published between 2016 and 2020.Expert opinion: To PI3Kα mutants (E542K, E545K, and H1047R), it is highly desirable to design and develop mutant-specific PI3K inhibitors. It is also necessary to develop subtype-selective PI3Kα inhibitors to minimize toxicity. To reduce drug resistance and to improve efficacy, future studies should include combination therapy of PI3K inhibitors with existing anticancer drugs from different pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dima A Sabbah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rima Hajjo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sanaa K Bardaweel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Haizhen A Zhong
- DSC 362, Department of Chemistry, The University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Helwa AA, El-Dydamony NM, Radwan RA, Abdelraouf SM, Abdelnaby RM. Novel antiproliferative agents bearing morpholinopyrimidine scaffold as PI3K inhibitors and apoptosis inducers; design, synthesis and molecular docking. Bioorg Chem 2020; 102:104051. [PMID: 32659486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two series of novel morpholinopyrimidine derivatives were synthesized and screened for their in-vitro cytotoxic activity against 60 tumor cell line by the National Cancer Institute, USA. The in-vitro cytotoxic IC50 values for the most active compounds 6e, 6g, and 6l against the most sensitive cell line leukemia SR were estimated (IC50 = 0.76, 13.59, and 4.37 uM, respectively). To investigate their PI3K enzyme inhibition activity, the assay was done on Class IA (α, β, & δ) isoforms. The IC50 values were very promising: compound [6e = 11.73 (α), 6.09 (β), 11.18 (δ)], compound [6g = 8.43 (α), 15.84 (β), 30.62 (δ)], and compound [6l = 13.98 (α), 7.22 (β), 10.94 (δ)], compared to the reference compound LY294002 = 6.28 (α), 4.51 (β), 4.60 (δ) uM, respectively. Moreover, cell cycle analysis and annexin V-FITC staining were done on Leukemia SR, there was arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis was induced. Finally, docking study was performed to analyze the interactive mode of these derivatives in PI3Kα ATP-binding site. These outcomes proved that compounds 6e, 6g, and 6l are potential leads for further optimization as antileukemic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amira A Helwa
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6(th) of October City, Egypt.
| | - Nehad M El-Dydamony
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6(th) of October City, Egypt
| | - Rasha A Radwan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Sinai University- Kantara Branch, New City, El Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Sahar M Abdelraouf
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana M Abdelnaby
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhong HA. Structure-based Design on Anticancer Drug Discovery. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:813-814. [DOI: 10.2174/156802662010200331100200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Andrew Zhong
- Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska at Omaha 6001 Dodge Street Omaha, NE 68182, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tarantelli C, Lupia A, Stathis A, Bertoni F. Is There a Role for Dual PI3K/mTOR Inhibitors for Patients Affected with Lymphoma? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1060. [PMID: 32033478 PMCID: PMC7037719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is a main driver of cell growth, proliferation, survival, and chemoresistance of cancer cells, and, for this reason, represents an attractive target for developing targeted anti-cancer drugs. There are plenty of preclinical data sustaining the anti-tumor activity of dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors as single agents and in combination in lymphomas. Clinical responses, including complete remissions (especially in follicular lymphoma patients), are also observed in the very few clinical studies performed in patients that are affected by relapsed/refractory lymphomas or chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In this review, we summarize the literature on dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors focusing on the lymphoma setting, presenting both the three compounds still in clinical development and those with a clinical program stopped or put on hold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tarantelli
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
| | - Antonio Lupia
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Anastasios Stathis
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitors as new weapon to combat cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 183:111718. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
16
|
Casari I, Domenichini A, Sestito S, Capone E, Sala G, Rapposelli S, Falasca M. Dual PDK1/Aurora Kinase A Inhibitors Reduce Pancreatic Cancer Cell Proliferation and Colony Formation. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111695. [PMID: 31683659 PMCID: PMC6896057 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of different intracellular signaling pathways is a common feature in cancer. Numerous studies indicate that persistent activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is often observed in cancer cells. 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1), a transducer protein that functions downstream of PI3K, is responsible for the regulation of cell proliferation and migration and it also has been found to play a key role in different cancers, pancreatic and breast cancer amongst others. As PI3K is being described to be aberrantly expressed in several cancer types, designing inhibitors targeting various downstream molecules of PI3K has been the focus of anticancer agent development for a long time. In particular, dual inhibitory drugs targeting key signaling molecules in the PI3K pathway have attracted the attention of scientists. Several drugs have progressed to clinical trials, with limited success due to toxicity and bioavailability concerns. Very few anticancer drugs targeting the PI3K pathway have been approved for clinical use and their efficacy is particularly limited towards certain tumors such as pancreatic cancer. Here, we tested two drugs displaying dual inhibitory activity towards PDK1 and Aurora kinase A in a panel of pancreatic cancer cell lines and in two in vivo models of pancreatic cancer. Our data show that both inhibitors are able to impair cell proliferation and clonogenic potential in pancreatic cancer cells. However, the limited activity of both compounds in vivo indicates that further optimization of the pharmacokinetics properties is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Casari
- Metabolic Signalling Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia.
| | - Alice Domenichini
- Metabolic Signalling Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia.
| | - Simona Sestito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno, 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Emily Capone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Orali e Biotecnologiche, University "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Sala
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Orali e Biotecnologiche, University "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Simona Rapposelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno, 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Marco Falasca
- Metabolic Signalling Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Song A, Feng R, Gao J, Yang C. Long noncoding RNA Alu-mediated p21 transcriptional regulator promotes proliferation, migration, and pipe-formation of human microvascular endothelial cells by sponging miR-126. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19858-19867. [PMID: 31310378 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a serious hazard to the elderly in the lower extremity atherosclerotic plaque, accompanied by a large number of angiogenesis. Long noncoding RNA Alu-mediated p21 transcriptional regulator (APTR) exerts important functions in promoting cell growth. Therefore, we planned to research the mechanism of APTR in angiogenesis in PAD. CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry analysis, and migration assay were to detect cell viability, apoptosis, and migration respectively. The interaction between APTR and miR-12 was tested through luciferase activity test. In vitro angiogenesis assay was used to test the number of tubular cells. qRT-PCR and Western blot were to test expression of APTR, miR-126, and angiogenesis relative factors. There was spontaneously pipe-formation in HEMC-1 cells under matrigel condition. Knockdown of APTR inhibited cell viability and migration and reduced the number of tubular cells. Further, APTR sponged miR-126 and downregulating miR-126 to promote angiogenesis. Overexpression of APTR promoted cell activity and migration and increased the number of tubular cells via negatively regulating miR-126. APTR could elevate activating phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B and mitogen extracellular kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signal pathways via negatively regulating miR-126 to promote cell proliferation, migration, and pipe-formation. We researched the mechanism of angiogenesis that APTR elevated proliferation, migration, and pipe-formation via negatively regulating miR-126.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Song
- Department of General Surgery, Juancheng People's Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Rong Feng
- Department of Cardiac Vascular Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Jianying Gao
- Department of Quality Control, Branch of Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Chunqing Yang
- Department of Cardiac Vascular Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sabbah DA, Ibrahim AH, Talib WH, Alqaisi KM, Sweidan K, Bardaweel SK, Sheikha GA, Zhong HA, Al-Shalabi E, Khalaf RA, Mubarak MS. Ligand-Based Drug Design: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Substituted Benzoin Derivatives as Potential Antitumor Agents. Med Chem 2019; 15:417-429. [DOI: 10.2174/1573406414666180912111846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase α (PI3Kα) has emerged as a promising target
for anticancer drug design.
Objectives:
Target compounds were designed to investigate the effect of the p-OCH3 motifs on
ligand/PI3Kα complex interaction and antiproliferative activity.
Methods:
Synthesis of the proposed compounds, biological examination tests against human colon
adenocarcinoma (HCT-116), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), and breast carcinoma (T47D) cell
lines, along with Glide docking studies.
Results:
A series of 1,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl benzoates was synthesized and characterized
by means of FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR, and by elemental analysis. Biological investigation
demonstrated that the newly synthesized compounds exhibit antiproliferative activity in human colon
adenocarcinoma (HCT-116), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), and breast carcinoma (T47D)
cell lines possibly via inhibition of PI3Kα and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Additionally, results
revealed that these compounds exert selective inhibitory activity, induce apoptosis, and suppress
VEGF production. Compound 3c exhibited promising antiproliferative activity in HCT-116 interrogating
that hydrogen bond-acceptor mediates ligand/PI3Kα complex formation on m- position.
Compounds 3e and 3i displayed high inhibitory activity in MCF-7 and T47D implying a wide cleft
discloses the o-attachment. Furthermore, compound 3g exerted selective inhibitory activity against
T47D. Glide docking studies against PI3Kα and ERα demonstrated that the series accommodate
binding to PI3Kα and/or ERα.
Conclusion:
The series exhibited a potential antitumor activity in human carcinoma cell lines encoding
PI3Kα and/or ERα.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dima A. Sabbah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130 Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Ameerah H. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130 Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Khalid M. Alqaisi
- Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, P.O. Box 132222, Zarqa 13132, Jordan
| | - Kamal Sweidan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Sanaa K. Bardaweel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Ghassan A. Sheikha
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130 Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Haizhen A. Zhong
- DSC 362, Department of Chemistry, The University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6001 Dodge Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68182, United States
| | - Eveen Al-Shalabi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130 Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Reema A. Khalaf
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130 Amman 11733, Jordan
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ma X, Fang F, Tao Q, Shen L, Zhong G, Qiao T, Lv X, Li J. Conformationally restricted quinazolone derivatives as PI3Kδ-selective inhibitors: the design, synthesis and biological evaluation. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:413-420. [PMID: 30996859 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00556g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of structurally novel quinazolone-based PI3Kδ-selective inhibitors were designed and synthesized via the approach of conformational restriction. The majority of them exhibited two-digit to single-digit nanomolar IC50 values against PI3Kδ, along with low micromolar to submicromolar GI50 values against human malignant B-cell line SU-DHL-6. The representative compound, with the most potent PI3Kδ inhibitory activity (IC50 = 6.3 nM) and anti-proliferative activity (GI50 = 0.21 μM) in this series, was further evaluated for its PI3Kδ selectivity, capability to down-regulate PI3K signaling in SU-DHL-6 cells, in vitro metabolic stability, and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. The experimental results illustrated that this compound, as a promising lead, merits extensive structural optimization for exploring novel PI3Kδ-selective inhibitors as clinical candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Ma
- School of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei 230031 , China . .,Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine , Hefei 230031 , China
| | - Fang Fang
- School of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei 230031 , China . .,Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine , Hefei 230031 , China
| | - Qiangqiang Tao
- School of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei 230031 , China .
| | - Li Shen
- Ocean College , Zhejiang University , Zhoushan , China
| | - Guochen Zhong
- School of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei 230031 , China .
| | - Tao Qiao
- School of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei 230031 , China .
| | - Xiaoqing Lv
- College of Medicine , Jiaxing University , Jiaxing 314001 , China .
| | - Jiaming Li
- School of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei 230031 , China . .,Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine , Hefei 230031 , China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Study on Biological Characteristics and Mechanism of Paclitaxel Induced Drug Resistance in Endometrial Carcinoma Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8372085. [PMID: 30175145 PMCID: PMC6098927 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8372085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective To study the biological characteristics of paclitaxel resistant endometrial carcinoma cells and its mechanism of drug resistance. Method The paclitaxel resistant cell lines were established by high-dose paclitaxel (TAX) injection. The IC50 of paclitaxel was determined by CCK-8 assay in Ishikawa and Ishikawa-TAX. The cell cycle and apoptosis rate were detected by flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect the expression of p-AKT and p-p70S6K. The expression of drug resistance-related genes Pgp and MDR1 was determined by RT-PCR. Cell viability was determined by soft agarose assay and invasive ability in vitro by transwell assay. Results Paclitaxel and NVP-BEZ235 cotreatment group can further inhibit the clonogenicity and invasion of Ishikawa and Ishikawa-TAX cells compared with paclitaxel alone and NVP-BEZ235 treatment group. Paclitaxel and NVP-BEZ235 cotreated groups increased the apoptosis rate of Ishikawa and increased G0/G1 phase arrest in both cells. Paclitaxel alone significantly inhibited p-AK and p-p70 S6K protein expression in Ishikawa and Ishikawa-TAX cells and the inhibition was enhanced by NVP-BEZ235 when cotreated with paclitaxel. Conclusion Paclitaxel can inhibit Ishikawa and Ishikawa-TAX cell via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Paclitaxel and NVP-BEZ235 cotreatment can enhance the inhibitory effect.
Collapse
|
21
|
Mostafa AS, Selim KB. Synthesis and anticancer activity of new dihydropyrimidinone derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 156:304-315. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
22
|
Chang N, Lee HW, Lim JE, Jeong DE, Song HJ, Kim S, Nam DH, Sung HH, Jeong BC, Seo SI, Jeon SS, Lee HM, Choi HY, Jeon HG. Establishment and antitumor effects of dasatinib and PKI-587 in BD-138T, a patient-derived muscle invasive bladder cancer preclinical platform with concomitant EGFR amplification and PTEN deletion. Oncotarget 2018; 7:51626-51639. [PMID: 27438149 PMCID: PMC5239502 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) consists of a heterogeneous group of tumors with a high rate of metastasis and mortality. To facilitate the in-depth investigation and validation of tailored strategies for MIBC treatment, we have developed an integrated approach using advanced high-throughput drug screening and a clinically relevant patient-derived preclinical platform. We isolated patient-derived tumor cells (PDCs) from a rare MIBC case (BD-138T) that harbors concomitant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) deletion. High-throughput in vitro drug screening demonstrated that dasatinib, a SRC inhibitor, and PKI-587, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, exhibited targeted anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects against BD-138T PDCs. Using established patient-derived xenograft models that successfully retain the genomic and molecular characteristics of the parental tumor, we confirmed that these anti-tumor responses occurred through the inhibition of SRC and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. Taken together, these experimental results demonstrate that dasatinib and PKI-587 might serve as promising anticancer drug candidates for treating MIBC with combined EGFR gene amplification and PTEN deletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nakho Chang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea.,Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.,Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Joung Eun Lim
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Da Eun Jeong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Song
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Sudong Kim
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.,Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Do-Hyun Nam
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea.,Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hyun Hwan Sung
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Byong Chang Jeong
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Seong Il Seo
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Seong Soo Jeon
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hyun Moo Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Han-Yong Choi
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hwang Gyun Jeon
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Rotundo MS, Galeano T, Tassone P, Tagliaferri P. mTOR inhibitors, a new era for metastatic luminal HER2-negative breast cancer? A systematic review and a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Oncotarget 2017; 7:27055-66. [PMID: 26895472 PMCID: PMC5053632 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated if standard hormonal therapy (HT) could be improved by the addition of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTOR-I) in metastatic luminal breast cancer. A meta-analysis on 4 phase II-III randomized clinical trials was performed. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) for progression free survival (PFS)/ time to progression (TTP) was 0.62 in favor of mTOR-I+HT arm (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55-0.70; p<0.0001). There was significant heterogeneity for PFS/TTP (Cochran's Q 32, p<0.0001, I2 index 90.6%). Pooled HR for overall survival (OS) was 0.84 in favor of the combination arm (95% CI 0.71-0.99; p=0.04). Heterogeneity was not significant (Cochran's Q 4.47, p=0.1, I2 index 55.3%). Pooled risk ratio (RR) for objective response rate (ORR) was 0.88 in favor of experimental arm (95% CI 0.85-0.91; p<0.0001). Heterogeneity was not significant (Cochran's Q 2.11, p=0.3, I2 index 5.2%). Adverse events (AEs), in particular those of grade 3-4, mostly occurred in mTOR-I+HT arm. Combination therapy of HT plus mTOR-I improves the outcome of metastatic luminal breast cancer patients. Our results provide evidence of a class-effect of these targeting molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Saveria Rotundo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Medical Oncology, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Teresa Galeano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Medical Oncology, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Translational Medical Oncology, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia PA, USA
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Medical Oncology, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Antonuzzo L, Del Re M, Barucca V, Spada F, Meoni G, Restante G, Danesi R, Di Costanzo F, Fazio N. Critical focus on mechanisms of resistance and toxicity of m-TOR inhibitors in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 57:28-35. [PMID: 28535439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) are rare neoplasms representing less than 2% of all pancreatic malignancies. The PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway is often deregulated in pNETs and seems to play a key role in tumorigenesis. Everolimus, an inhibitor of the mTOR pathway, has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of pNETs. Nevertheless de novo or acquired drug resistance is responsible for disease progression and represents a major obstacle to overcome by clinicians. Blocking the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway may cover the supposed main mechanisms of resistance to everolimus. Therefore, BEZ-235, a potent oral dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor was investigated in clinical trials. Globally more than 250 patients with different types of solid tumors were treated. Two studies were conducted in pNETs with BEZ-235 as single agent. The former was a phase 2 trial conducted in pNETs resistant to everolimus while the latter a randomized trial comparing everolimus and BEZ-235. Unfortunately, both the studies disappointed the expectations and were prematurely halted mainly due to severe toxicity. On this basis we reviewed m-TOR inhibitors in pNETs, focusing on their mechanisms of resistance and toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Antonuzzo
- S.C. Oncologia Medica 1, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy; Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
| | - M Del Re
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetic Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - V Barucca
- Division of Medical Oncology, Misericordia General Hospital, Grosseto, Italy
| | - F Spada
- Unit of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - G Meoni
- S.C. Oncologia Medica 1, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - G Restante
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetic Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - R Danesi
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetic Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Di Costanzo
- S.C. Oncologia Medica 1, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - N Fazio
- Unit of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Musiol R. An overview of quinoline as a privileged scaffold in cancer drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 12:583-597. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1319357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
26
|
Sweidan K, Sabbah DA, Bardaweel S, Dush KA, Sheikha GA, Mubarak MS. Computer-aided design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new indole-2-carboxamide derivatives as PI3Kα/EGFR inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2685-90. [PMID: 27084677 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Structure-based drug design and molecular modeling were employed to identify a new series of indole-2-carboxamides as potential anticancer agents. These compounds were synthesized and characterized with the aid of several spectroscopic techniques, such as FT-IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry as well as by elemental analysis. Molecular docking studies confirmed that the newly synthesized compounds accommodate PI3Kα and EGFR kinase catalytic sites and form H-bonding with the key binding residues. The antitumor activity of these new compounds against an array of cancer cell lines (human colon carcinoma (HCT116), leukemia (K562), and breast cancer (MDA231) was evaluated. Results revealed that these compounds were selective against the kinase domain, and none of them showed any inhibitory activity against K562. In addition, results showed that compound 13 exhibited high potency in HCT116 and MDA231 with IC50 values of 19 and 15μM, respectively. Our findings recommend that further optimization of this series would be beneficial for colon and breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Sweidan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
| | - Dima A Sabbah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, PO Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan.
| | - Sanaa Bardaweel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Khadeja Abu Dush
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Ghassan Abu Sheikha
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, PO Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Galardy PJ, Bedekovics T, Hermiston ML. Targeting childhood, adolescent and young adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma: therapeutic horizons. Br J Haematol 2016; 173:625-36. [PMID: 27019108 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the third most common malignancy in children, adolescents and young adults (CAYA). NHL is a diverse set of diseases that arise at key regulatory checkpoints during B or T cell development in the bone marrow, germinal centre or thymus. While advances in the use of conventional cytotoxic agents have led to dramatic improvements in survival, these cures are associated with significant acute and long-term toxicities. Moreover, the prognosis for CAYA patients with relapsed or refractory NHL remains dismal, with the vast majority dying of their disease. Thanks to a large number of candidate-based biological studies, together with large-scale sequencing efforts, there has been an explosion of knowledge regarding the molecular pathophysiology of B- and T-NHL. This has ushered development of a flurry of novel therapeutic approaches that may simultaneously provide new hope for relapsed patients and an opportunity to reduce the therapeutic burden in newly diagnosed CAYA. Here we review a selection of the most promising new therapeutic approaches to these diseases. While the vast majority of these agents are untested in children, on-going work from many cooperative groups will soon explore their use in paediatric disease, in hope of further improving outcomes while maximizing quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Galardy
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tibor Bedekovics
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michelle L Hermiston
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ma XD, Qiu N, Yang B, He QJ, Hu YZ. Novel quinoline-derived mTOR inhibitors with remarkable enzymatic and cellular activities: design, synthesis and biological evaluation. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00401b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Compound 24, obtained via a ring-opening strategy, exhibited both attractive mTOR potency and superior cellular activity to initial lead 9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Ma
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Ni Qiu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Bo Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Qiao-Jun He
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Yong-Zhou Hu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ma X, Lv X, Qiu N, Yang B, He Q, Hu Y. Discovery of novel quinoline-based mTOR inhibitors via introducing intra-molecular hydrogen bonding scaffold (iMHBS): The design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:7585-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
30
|
Meng Y, Lin ZM, Ge N, Zhang DL, Huang J, Kong F. Ursolic Acid Induces Apoptosis of Prostate Cancer Cells via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:1471-86. [PMID: 26503559 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid, is known to exert antitumor activity in breast, lung, liver and colon cancers. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanism of ursolic acid in prostate cancer cells still remains unclear. In the present study, we report the chemotherapeutic effects of ursolic acid as assessed using in vitro and in vivo models. Treatment of human prostate cancer cells (LNCaP and PC-3) with UA inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis in both cell lines as characterized by the increased Annexin V-binding. The induction of apoptosis by UA was associated with a decrease in the levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, survivin, and activated caspase-3. Treatment with UA also inhibited the expression of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR signaling proteins. Further, administration of UA significantly inhibited the growth of LNCaP prostate tumor xenografts in athymic nude mice, which was associated with inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis of tumor cells and decreased expression of PI3K downstream factors, such as p-Akt and p-mTOR in tumor xenograft tissues. Our study demonstrates that UA not only inhibits cell growth but also induces apoptosis through modulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in human prostate cancer cells. We suggest that UA may be a new chemotherapeutic candidate against prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Meng
- * Department of Urology, 247 Beiyuan Road, Jinan 250033, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Min Lin
- † Central Research Laboratory, Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Road, Jinan 250033, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Nan Ge
- * Department of Urology, 247 Beiyuan Road, Jinan 250033, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Deng-Lu Zhang
- * Department of Urology, 247 Beiyuan Road, Jinan 250033, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jie Huang
- ‡ Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan 250021, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Feng Kong
- † Central Research Laboratory, Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Road, Jinan 250033, Shandong, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Stec MM, Andrews KL, Bo Y, Caenepeel S, Liao H, McCarter J, Mullady EL, San Miguel T, Subramanian R, Tamayo N, Whittington DA, Wang L, Wu T, Zalameda LP, Zhang N, Hughes PE, Norman MH. The imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine ring system as a scaffold for potent dual phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:4136-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
32
|
Molecular modeling based approach, synthesis, and cytotoxic activity of novel benzoin derivatives targeting phosphoinostide 3-kinase (PI3Kα). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:3120-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
33
|
Liang F, Yue J, Wang J, Zhang L, Fan R, Zhang H, Zhang Q. GPCR48/LGR4 promotes tumorigenesis of prostate cancer via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Med Oncol 2015; 32:49. [PMID: 25636507 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-015-0486-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) 48, also known as leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor (LGR) 4, is an orphan receptor belonging to the GPCR superfamily, which plays an important role in the development of various organs and multiple cancers. However, the function of GPCR48/LGR4 in prostate cancer has not been fully investigated. Herein, GPCR48/LGR4 was overexpressed and silenced in prostate cancer cells via plasmid and shRNA transfection, respectively. The expression of GPCR48/LGR4 in mRNA and protein levels was analyzed using RT-qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. Subsequently, we demonstrated the effects of GPCR48/LGR4 on the migration, invasion, proliferation and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells, including Du145 and PC-3 cells. Next, we investigated the relationship between GPCR48/LGR4 and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. The results showed that the overexpression of GPCR48/LGR4 was associated with the up-regulation of Akt, a key effector of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which meantime up-regulated the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), while down-regulated forkhead box, class O (FOXO), all of whom are the downstream targets of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Hence, the results suggested that GPCR48/LGR4 may regulate prostate cancer cells and tumor growth via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and could provide a better therapeutic target for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liang
- Department of Oncology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
NSK-01105 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of prostate cancer cells by blocking the Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathways. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:2143-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2824-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
|
35
|
The dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PKI-587 enhances sensitivity to cetuximab in EGFR-resistant human head and neck cancer models. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:2887-95. [PMID: 24823695 PMCID: PMC4056056 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cetuximab is the only targeted agent approved for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), but low response rates and disease progression are frequently reported. As the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways have an important role in the pathogenesis of HNSCC, we investigated their involvement in cetuximab resistance. METHODS Different human squamous cancer cell lines sensitive or resistant to cetuximab were tested for the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PF-05212384 (PKI-587), alone and in combination, both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Treatment with PKI-587 enhances sensitivity to cetuximab in vitro, even in the condition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) resistance. The combination of the two drugs inhibits cells survival, impairs the activation of signalling pathways and induces apoptosis. Interestingly, although significant inhibition of proliferation is observed in all cell lines treated with PKI-587 in combination with cetuximab, activation of apoptosis is evident in sensitive but not in resistant cell lines, in which autophagy is pre-eminent. In nude mice xenografted with resistant Kyse30 cells, the combined treatment significantly reduces tumour growth and prolongs mice survival. CONCLUSIONS Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition has an important role in the rescue of cetuximab resistance. Different mechanisms of cell death are induced by combined treatment depending on basal anti-EGFR responsiveness.
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhao Y, Zhang X, Chen Y, Lu S, Peng Y, Wang X, Guo C, Zhou A, Zhang J, Luo Y, Shen Q, Ding J, Meng L, Zhang J. Crystal Structures of PI3Kα Complexed with PI103 and Its Derivatives: New Directions for Inhibitors Design. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:138-42. [PMID: 24900786 DOI: 10.1021/ml400378e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway plays important roles in cell proliferation, growth, and survival. Hyperactivated PI3K is frequently found in a wide variety of human cancers, validating it as a promising target for cancer therapy. We determined the crystal structure of the human PI3Kα-PI103 complex to unravel molecular interactions. Based on the structure, substitution at the R1 position of the phenol portion of PI103 was demonstrated to improve binding affinity via forming a new H-bond with Lys802 at the bottom of the ATP catalytic site. Interestingly, the crystal structure of the PI3Kα-9d complex revealed that the flexibility of Lys802 can also induce additional space at the catalytic site for further modification. Thus, these crystal structures provide a molecular basis for the strong and specific interactions and demonstrate the important role of Lys802 in the design of novel PI3Kα inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Zhao
- Department
of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis
of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Division
of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research,
Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yingyi Chen
- Department
of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis
of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shaoyong Lu
- Department
of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis
of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuefeng Peng
- Institute
of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced
Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangdong, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Division
of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research,
Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chengliang Guo
- Division
of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research,
Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Aiwu Zhou
- Department
of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis
of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jingmiao Zhang
- Department
of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis
of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Department
of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis
of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - QianCheng Shen
- Department
of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis
of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Division
of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research,
Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Linghua Meng
- Division
of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research,
Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department
of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis
of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Welker ME, Kulik G. Recent syntheses of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:4063-91. [PMID: 23735831 PMCID: PMC3711139 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the syntheses of PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors that have been reported outside of the patent literature in the last 5years but is largely centered on synthetic work reported in 2011 and 2012. While focused on syntheses of inhibitors, some information on in vitro and in vivo testing of compounds is also included. Many of these reported compounds are reversible, competitive adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding inhibitors, so given the structural similarities of many of these compounds to the adenine core, this review presents recent work on inhibitors based on where the synthetic chemistry was started, that is, inhibitor syntheses which started with purines/pyrimidines are followed by inhibitor syntheses which began with pyridines, pyrazines, azoles, and triazines then moves to inhibitors which bear no structural resemblance to adenine: liphagal, wortmannin and quercetin analogs. The review then finishes with a short section on recent syntheses of phosphotidyl inositol (PI) analogs since competitive PI binding inhibitors represent an alternative to the competitive ATP binding inhibitors which have received the most attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Welker
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, PO Box 7486, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Xie R, Wang P, Ji X, Zhao H. Ischemic post-conditioning facilitates brain recovery after stroke by promoting Akt/mTOR activity in nude rats. J Neurochem 2013; 127:723-32. [PMID: 23777415 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
While pre-conditioning is induced before stroke onset, ischemic post-conditioning (IPostC) is performed after reperfusion, which typically refers to a series of mechanical interruption of blood reperfusion after stroke. IPostC is known to reduce infarction in wild-type animals. We investigated if IPostC protects against brain injury induced by focal ischemia in Tcell-deficient nude rats and to examine its effects on Akt and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Although IPostC reduced infarct size at 2 days post-stroke in wild-type rats, it did not attenuate infarction in nude rats. Despite the unaltered infarct size in nude rats, IPostC increased levels of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and Akt isoforms (Akt1, Akt2, Akt3), and p-mTOR, p-S6K and p-4EBP1 in the mTOR pathway, as well as growth associated Protein 43 (GAP43), both in the peri-infarct area and core, 24 h after stroke. IPostC improved neurological function in nude rats 1-30 days after stroke and reduced the extent of brain damage 30 days after stroke. The mTOR inhibitor rapamycin abolished the long-term protective effects of IPostC. We determined that IPostC did not inhibit acute infarction in nude rats but did provide long-term protection by enhancing Akt and mTOR activity during the acute post-stroke phase. Post-conditioning did not attenuate infarction in nude rats measured 2 days post-stroke, but improved neurological function in nude rats and reduced brain damage 30 days after stroke. It resulted in increased-activities of Akt and mTOR, S6K and p-4EBP1. The mTOR inhibitor rapamycin abolished the long-term protective effects of IPostC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jingan District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The alpha isoform of the class 1A family of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Kα) has been extensively studied and exploited as a target for cancer drugs. A large number of compounds, from a wide variety of structural scaffolds, are in development. There is an ongoing debate about the desirability for selectivity between PI3Kα and the other isoforms. AREAS COVERED The article briefly outlines the nature and role of the class 1A PI3K in cell signalling and provides a table of representative inhibitors of these enzymes that have proceeded to clinical trial, with literature data on their isoform selectivity. It covers the published patent literature from 2011 to 2012 (search completed in December 2012), with a particular focus on compounds with a level of selective inhibition of PI3Kα. In most cases, representative examples of claimed compounds and data on their inhibitory effects are provided. EXPERT OPINION Features of the development of PI3K inhibitors to date have been the plasticity of the enzymes, which possess binding sites for a bewildering number of small molecule scaffolds, and the need to determine the optimal patterns of selectivity between both the PI3K isoforms and the related downstream serine/threonine kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) for therapeutic effect. Both themes are apparent in the recent patents reviewed here, with a wide variety of drug types, including variations on existing scaffolds and completely new ones, being evident. While many of these are dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, the PI3Kα-selective pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine heterocycles reported by Intellikine and the (thiazolyl)pyrrolidinecarboxamides of Novartis are of particular interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William A Denny
- University of Auckland, Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tzenaki N, Papakonstanti EA. p110δ PI3 kinase pathway: emerging roles in cancer. Front Oncol 2013; 3:40. [PMID: 23459844 PMCID: PMC3585436 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Class IA PI3Ks consists of three isoforms of the p110 catalytic subunit designated p110α, p110β, and p110δ which are encoded by three separate genes. Gain-of-function mutations on PIK3CA gene encoding for p110α isoform have been detected in a wide variety of human cancers whereas no somatic mutations of genes encoding for p110β or p110δ have been reported. Unlike p110α and p110β which are ubiquitously expressed, p110δ is highly enriched in leukocytes and thus the p110δ PI3K pathway has attracted more attention for its involvement in immune disorders. However, findings have been accumulated showing that the p110δ PI3K plays a seminal role in the development and progression of some hematologic malignancies. A wealth of knowledge has come from studies showing the central role of p110δ PI3K in B-cell functions and B-cell malignancies. Further data have documented that wild-type p110δ becomes oncogenic when overexpressed in cell culture models and that p110δ is the predominant isoform expressed in some human solid tumor cells playing a prominent role in these cells. Genetic inactivation of p110δ in mice models and highly-selective inhibitors of p110δ have demonstrated an important role of this isoform in differentiation, growth, survival, motility, and morphology with the inositol phosphatase PTEN to play a critical role in p110δ signaling. In this review, we summarize our understanding of the p110δ PI3K signaling pathway in hematopoietic cells and malignancies, we highlight the evidence showing the oncogenic potential of p110δ in cells of non-hematopoietic origin and we discuss perspectives for potential novel roles of p110δ PI3K in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niki Tzenaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete Heraklion, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sabbah DA, Vennerstrom JL, Zhong HA. Binding Selectivity Studies of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinases Using Free Energy Calculations. J Chem Inf Model 2012; 52:3213-24. [DOI: 10.1021/ci3003057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dima A. Sabbah
- College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986025 Nebraska
Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6025, United States
| | - Jonathan L. Vennerstrom
- College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986025 Nebraska
Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6025, United States
| | - Haizhen A. Zhong
- DSC 362, Department of Chemistry, The University of Nebraska, 6001 Dodge Street, Omaha,
Nebraska 68182, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
N-Phenyl-4-hydroxy-2-quinolone-3-carboxamides as selective inhibitors of mutant H1047R phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3Kα). Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:7175-83. [PMID: 23121722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This work describes our efforts to optimize the lead PI3Kα inhibitor N-benzyl 4-hydroxy-2-quinolone-3-carboxamide using structure-based design and molecular docking. We identified a series of N-phenyl 4-hydroxy-2-quinolone-3-carboxamides as selective inhibitors of mutant H1047R versus wild-type PI3Kα and we also showed that the cell growth inhibition by these compounds likely occurs by inhibiting the formation of pAKT and induction of apoptosis.
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Salphati L, Pang J, Plise EG, Lee LB, Olivero AG, Prior WW, Sampath D, Wong S, Zhang X. Preclinical assessment of the absorption and disposition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor GDC-0980 and prediction of its pharmacokinetics and efficacy in human. Drug Metab Dispos 2012; 40:1785-96. [PMID: 22696419 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.112.046052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
(S)-1-{4-[2-(2-Amino-pyrimidin-5-yl)-7-methyl-4-morpholin-4-yl-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-6-ylmethyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one (GDC-0980) is a potent and selective inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin, two key components of the PI3K pathway, the deregulation of which is associated with the development of many cancers. The objectives of these studies were to characterize the absorption and disposition of GDC-0980 and assess its efficacy in an MCF7-neo/HER2 human breast cancer xenograft model in immunocompromised mice. Studies in parental Madin-Darby canine kidney cells indicated that GDC-0980 had high permeability (P(app) = 18 × 10⁻⁶ cm/s), suggesting good absorption potential. However, it was found to be a P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein substrate in transfected cells and in knockout mice studies. Plasma protein binding was low, with the fraction unbound ranging from 29 to 52% across species. GDC-0980 hepatic clearance (CL) was predicted to be low in all of the species tested from hepatocyte incubations. The plasma CL of GDC-0980 was low in mouse (6.30 ml · min⁻¹ · kg⁻¹), rat (15.4 ml · min⁻¹ · kg⁻¹), and dog (6.37 ml · min⁻¹ · kg⁻¹) and moderate in cynomolgus monkey (18.9 ml · min⁻¹ · kg⁻¹). Oral bioavailability ranged from 14.4% in monkey to 125% in dog. Predicted human plasma CL and volume of distribution using allometry were 5.1 ml · min⁻¹ · kg⁻¹ and 1.8 l/kg, respectively. Parameters estimated from the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling of the MCF7-neo/HER2 xenograft data indicated that the GDC-0980 plasma concentration required for tumor stasis was approximately 0.5 μM. These parameters, combined with the predicted human pharmacokinetic profile, suggested that 55 mg once daily may be a clinically efficacious dose. GDC-0980 preclinical characterization and the predictions of its human properties supported its clinical development; it is currently in Phase II clinical trials.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/deficiency
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/deficiency
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/genetics
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/blood
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Area Under Curve
- Biological Availability
- Biotransformation
- Brain/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/enzymology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/administration & dosage
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/blood
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/pharmacokinetics
- Cell Membrane Permeability
- Dogs
- Drug Dosage Calculations
- Female
- Half-Life
- Hepatocytes/metabolism
- Humans
- Injections, Intravenous
- Intestinal Absorption
- Liver/metabolism
- MCF-7 Cells
- Macaca fascicularis
- Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
- Male
- Metabolic Clearance Rate
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Models, Biological
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/metabolism
- Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
- Protein Binding
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/blood
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics
- Pyrimidines/administration & dosage
- Pyrimidines/blood
- Pyrimidines/pharmacokinetics
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Species Specificity
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Tissue Distribution
- Transfection
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 4
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Salphati
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, MS 412A, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Jeong Y, Lee J, Lee Y, Ham K, Choi S, Hong S. Selectivity enhancement arising from interactions at the PI3K unique pocket. ChemMedChem 2012; 7:1379-83. [PMID: 22730062 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201200245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujeong Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sabbah DA, Simms NA, Brattain MG, Vennerstrom JL, Zhong H. Biological evaluation and docking studies of recently identified inhibitors of phosphoinositide-3-kinases. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:876-80. [PMID: 22212721 PMCID: PMC4472446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The alpha isoform of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (PI3Kα) is often mutated, amplified and overexpressed in human tumors. In an effort to develop new inhibitors targeting this enzyme, we carried out a pharmacophore model study based on six PI3Kα-selective compounds. The pharmacophore searching identified three structurally novel inhibitors of PI3Kα and its H1047R mutant. Our biological studies show that two of our hit molecules suppressed the formation of pAKT, a downstream effector of PI3Kα, and induced apoptosis in the HCT116 colon cancer cell line. QPLD-based docking showed that residues Asp933, Glu849, Val851, and Gln859 appeared to be key binding residues for active inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dima A. Sabbah
- College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986025 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6025, USA
| | - Neka A. Simms
- Eppley Cancer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985920 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA
| | - Michael G. Brattain
- Eppley Cancer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985920 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA
| | - Jonathan L. Vennerstrom
- College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986025 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6025, USA
| | - Haizhen Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Omaha, DSC 362, 6001 Dodge Street, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
| |
Collapse
|