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Chakraborty A, Midde A, Chakraborty P, Adhikary S, Kumar S, Arri N, Chandra Das N, Sen Gupta PS, Banerjee A, Mukherjee S. Revisiting Luteolin Against the Mediators of Human Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma: A Biomolecular Approach. J Cell Biochem 2024:e30654. [PMID: 39300917 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC) is one of the prevalent subtypes of human cancers and is caused by the alterations of various lifestyle and diet-associated factors. β-catenin, GSK-3β, PI3K-α, AKT1, and NF-κB p50 are known to be the critical regulators of tumorigenesis and immunopathogenesis of mCRC. Unfortunately, current drugs have limited efficacy, side effects and can lead to chemoresistance. Therefore, searching for a nontoxic, efficacious anti-mCRC agent is crucial and of utmost interest. The present study demonstrates the identification of a productive and nontoxic anti-mCRC agent through a five-targets (β-catenin, GSK-3β, PI3K-α, AKT1, and p50)-based and three-tier (binding affinity, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacophore) screening strategy involving a series of 30 phytocompounds having a background of anti-inflammatory/anti-mCRC efficacy alongside 5-fluorouracil (FU), a reference drug. Luteolin (a phyto-flavonoid) was eventually rendered as the most potent and safe phytocompound. This inference was verified through three rounds of validation. Firstly, luteolin was found to be effective against the different mCRC cell lines (HCT-15, HCT-116, DLD-1, and HT-29) without hampering the viability of non-tumorigenic ones (RWPE-1). Secondly, luteolin was found to curtail the clonogenicity of CRC cells, and finally, it also disrupted the formation of colospheroids, a characteristic of metastasis. While studying the mechanistic insights, luteolin was found to inhibit β-catenin activity (a key regulator of mCRC) through direct physical interactions, promoting its degradation by activating GSK3-β and ceasing its activation by inactivating AKT1 and PI3K-α. Luteolin also inhibited p50 activity, which could be useful in mitigating mCRC-associated proinflammatory milieu. In conclusion, our study provides evidence on the efficacy of luteolin against the critical key regulators of immunopathogenesis of mCRC and recommends further studies in animal models to determine the effectiveness efficacy of this natural compound for treating mCRC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Chakraborty
- Integrative Biochemistry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India
| | - Advaitha Midde
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Pritha Chakraborty
- Integrative Biochemistry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India
| | - Sourin Adhikary
- Integrative Biochemistry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Food, Drug, and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Simran Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Navpreet Arri
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nabarun Chandra Das
- Integrative Biochemistry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India
| | - Parth Sarthi Sen Gupta
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, D. Y. Patil International University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aditi Banerjee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Suprabhat Mukherjee
- Integrative Biochemistry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India
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Seyedi F, Sharifi I, Khosravi A, Molaakbari E, Tavakkoli H, Salarkia E, Bahraminejad S, Bamorovat M, Dabiri S, Salari Z, Kamali A, Ren G. Comparison of cytotoxicity of Miltefosine and its niosomal form on chick embryo model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2482. [PMID: 38291076 PMCID: PMC10827708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Various drugs have been used for the treatment of leishmaniasis, but they often have adverse effects on the body's organs. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of one type of drug, Miltefosine (MIL), and its analogue or modifier, liposomal Miltefosine (NMIL), on several fetal organs using both in silico analysis and practical tests on chicken embryos. Our in silico approach involved predicting the affinities of MIL and NMIL to critical proteins involved in leishmaniasis, including Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGF-A), the Kinase insert domain receptor (KDR1), and apoptotic-regulator proteins (Bcl-2-associate). We then validated and supported these predictions through in vivo investigations, analyzing gene expression and pathological changes in angiogenesis and apoptotic mediators in MIL- and NMIL-treated chicken embryos. The results showed that NMIL had a more effective action towards VEGF-A and KDR1 in leishmaniasis, making it a better candidate for potential operative treatment during pregnancy than MIL alone. In vivo, studies also showed that chicken embryos under MIL treatment displayed less vascular mass and more degenerative and apoptotic changes than those treated with NMIL. These results suggest that NMIL could be a better treatment option for leishmaniasis during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Seyedi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ahmad Khosravi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Elaheh Molaakbari
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Hadi Tavakkoli
- Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ehsan Salarkia
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sina Bahraminejad
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bamorovat
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Afzalipour School of Medicine and Pathology and Stem Cells Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zohreh Salari
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Kamali
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Guogang Ren
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
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Monga J, Ghosh NS, Rani I, Singh R, Deswal G, Dhingra AK, Grewal AS. Unlocking the Pharmacological Potential of Benzimidazole Derivatives: A Pathway to Drug Development. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:437-485. [PMID: 38311918 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266283641240109080047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Heterocyclic molecules have fascinated a massive interest in medicinal chemistry. They are heterocyclic compounds that have gained significance due to their diverse variety of pharmacological activities. Benzimidazole is a heterocyclic compound consisting of benzene and imidazole rings. The ease of synthesis and the structural versatility of benzimidazole make it a promising scaffold for drug development. Many biological actions of benzimidazole derivatives have been well documented, including antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antitubercular, and anthelmintic properties. The mechanism of action of benzimidazole derivatives varies with their chemical structure and target enzyme. This review has explored numerous methods for producing benzimidazole derivatives as well as a broad range of pharmacological activities. SAR investigations are also discussed in this review as they provide crucial details regarding the essential structural qualities that benzimidazole derivatives must have in order to be biologically active, which could aid in the rational design of new drug candidates. Benzimidazole scaffold is an exclusive structure in drug design and discovery. Many new pharmaceutical drugs containing benzimidazole are anticipated to be available within the next ten years as a result of the extensive therapeutic applications of benzimidazole and its derivatives. This review inspired many researchers to develop more biologically active compounds bearing benzimidazole, expanding the scope of finding a remedy for other diseases. From this study, we concluded that 2-substituted benzimidazole was considered more extensively by researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Monga
- Adarsh Vijendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Ch. Devi Lal College of Pharmacy, Jagadhri, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Niladry S Ghosh
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam down town University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Isha Rani
- Spurthy College of Pharmacy, Marasur Gate, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ranjit Singh
- Adarsh Vijendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Geeta Deswal
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | | | - Ajmer S Grewal
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
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Reverse vaccinology assisted design of a novel multi-epitope vaccine to target Wuchereria bancrofti cystatin: An immunoinformatics approach. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109639. [PMID: 36586276 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Proteases are the critical mediators of immunomodulation exerted by the filarial parasites to bypass and divert host immunity. Cystatin is a small (∼15 kDa) immunomodulatory filarial protein and known to contribute in the immunomodulation strategy by inducing anti-inflammatory response through alternative activation of macrophages. Recently, Wuchereria bancrofti cystatin has been discovered as a ligand of human toll-like receptor 4 which is key behind the cystatin-induced anti-inflammatory response in major human antigen-presenting cells. Considering the pivotal role of cystatin in the immunobiology of filariasis, cystatin could be an efficacious target for developing vaccine. Herein, we present the design and in-silico analyses of a multi-epitope-based peptide vaccine to target W. bancrofti cystatin through immune-informatics approaches. The 262 amino acid long antigen construct comprises 9 MHC-I epitopes and MHC-II epitopes linked together by GPGPG peptide alongside an adjuvant (50S ribosomal protein L7/L12) at N terminus and 6 His tags at C terminus. Molecular docking study reveals that the peptide could trigger TLR4-MD2 to induce protective innate immune responses while the induced adaptive responses were found to be mediated by IgG, IgM and Th1 mediated responses. Notably, the designed vaccine exhibits high stability and no allergenicity in-silico. Furthermore, the muti epitope-vaccine was also predicted for its RNA structure and cloned in pET30ax for further experimental validation. Taken together, this study presents a novel multi-epitope peptide vaccine for triggering efficient innate and adaptive immune responses against W. bancrofti to intervene LF through immunotherapy.
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Desiatkina O, Mösching M, Anghel N, Boubaker G, Amdouni Y, Hemphill A, Furrer J, Păunescu E. New Nucleic Base-Tethered Trithiolato-Bridged Dinuclear Ruthenium(II)-Arene Compounds: Synthesis and Antiparasitic Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238173. [PMID: 36500266 PMCID: PMC9738179 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aiming toward compounds with improved anti-Toxoplasma activity by exploiting the parasite auxotrophies, a library of nucleobase-tethered trithiolato-bridged dinuclear ruthenium(II)-arene conjugates was synthesized and evaluated. Structural features such as the type of nucleobase and linking unit were progressively modified. For comparison, diruthenium hybrids with other type of molecules were also synthesized and assessed. A total of 37 compounds (diruthenium conjugates and intermediates) were evaluated in a primary screening for in vitro activity against transgenic Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites constitutively expressing β-galactosidase (T. gondii β-gal) at 0.1 and 1 µM. In parallel, the cytotoxicity in non-infected host cells (human foreskin fibroblasts, HFF) was determined by alamarBlue assay. Twenty compounds strongly impairing parasite proliferation with little effect on HFF viability were subjected to T. gondii β-gal half maximal inhibitory concentration determination (IC50) and their toxicity for HFF was assessed at 2.5 µM. Two promising compounds were identified: 14, ester conjugate with 9-(2-oxyethyl)adenine, and 36, a click conjugate bearing a 2-(4-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl substituent, with IC50 values of 0.059 and 0.111 µM respectively, significantly lower compared to pyrimethamine standard (IC50 = 0.326 µM). Both 14 and 36 exhibited low toxicity against HFF when applied at 2.5 µM and are candidates for potential treatment options in a suitable in vivo model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Desiatkina
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Mösching
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicoleta Anghel
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggass-Strasse 122, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ghalia Boubaker
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggass-Strasse 122, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yosra Amdouni
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggass-Strasse 122, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet 2020, Tunisia
| | - Andrew Hemphill
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggass-Strasse 122, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julien Furrer
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Emilia Păunescu
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Tong C, Wang W, He C. m1A methylation modification patterns and metabolic characteristics in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:93. [PMID: 35240991 PMCID: PMC8896097 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02160-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The dysregulation of RNA methylation has been demonstrated to contribute to tumorigenicity and progression in recent years. However, the alteration of N1-methyladenosine (m1A) methylation and its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Methods We systematically investigated the modification patterns of 10 m1A regulators in HCC samples and evaluated the metabolic characteristics of each pattern. A scoring system named the m1Ascore was developed using principal component analysis. The clinical value of the m1Ascore in risk stratification and drug screening was further explored. Results Three m1A modification patterns with distinct metabolic characteristics were identified, corresponding to the metabolism-high, metabolism-intermediate and metabolism-excluded phenotypes. Patients were divided into high- or low-m1Ascore groups, and a significant survival difference was observed. External validation confirmed the prognostic value of the m1Ascore. A nomogram incorporating the m1Ascore and other clinicopathological factors was constructed and had good performance for predicting survival. Two agents, mitoxantrone and doxorubicin, were determined to be potential therapeutic drugs for the high-risk group. Conclusion This study provided novel insights into m1A modification and metabolic heterogeneity in cancer, promoted risk stratification in the clinic from the perspective of m1A modification, and further guided individual treatment strategies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12876-022-02160-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Tong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Chiyi He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.
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Das NC, Labala RK, Patra R, Chattoraj A, Mukherjee S. In silico identification of new anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents from bioactive phytocompounds targeting the viral spike glycoprotein and human TLR4. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180818666210901125519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The recent outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has posed a tremendous threat to mankind. The unavailability of a specific drug or vaccine has been the major concern to date. Spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 plays the most crucial role in the viral infection and immunopathogenesis, and hence this protein appears to be an efficacious target for drug discovery.
Objective:
Identifying potent bioactive phytocompound that can target viral spike (S) glycoprotein and human TLR4 to reduce immunopathological manifestations of COVID-19.
Method:
A series of thirty (30) bioactive phytocompounds, previously documented for antiviral activity, were theoretically screened for their binding efficacy against key proteins related to pathogenesis of SARSCoV-2 namely viral spike (S) glycoprotein and human TLR4. MD simulation was employed to verify the postulations of molecular docking study and further ADME analysis was performed to predict the most effective one.
Results:
Studies hypothesized that two new phytochemicals viz. cajaninstilbene acid (-8.83 kcal/mol) and papaverine (-5.81 kcal/mol) might be the potent inhibitors of spike glycoprotein with stout binding affinity and favourable ADME attributes. MD simulation further ratified the stability of the docked complexes between the phytochemicals and S protein through strong hydrogen bonding. Our in silico data also indicated that cajaninstilbene acid and papaverine might block human TLR4 which could be useful to mitigate SARS-CoV-2-induced lethal proinflammatory responses.
Conclusion:
Experimental data collectively predict cajaninstilbene acid as the potential blocker of S protein which may be used as anti-viral against COVID-19 in the future. However, further experimental validations alongside toxicological detailing are needed for claiming the candidature of these molecules as future anti-corona therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabarun Chandra Das
- Integrative Biochemistry & Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol-713 340, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajendra Kumar Labala
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol-713 340, West Bengal, India
| | - Ritwik Patra
- Integrative Biochemistry & Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol-713 340, West Bengal, India
| | - Asamanja Chattoraj
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol-713 340, West Bengal, India
| | - Suprabhat Mukherjee
- Integrative Biochemistry & Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol-713 340, West Bengal, India
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Gonçalves CS, Catta-Preta CMC, Repolês B, Mottram JC, De Souza W, Machado CR, Motta MCM. Importance of Angomonas deanei KAP4 for kDNA arrangement, cell division and maintenance of the host-bacterium relationship. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9210. [PMID: 33911164 PMCID: PMC8080567 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88685-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Angomonas deanei coevolves in a mutualistic relationship with a symbiotic bacterium that divides in synchronicity with other host cell structures. Trypanosomatid mitochondrial DNA is contained in the kinetoplast and is composed of thousands of interlocked DNA circles (kDNA). The arrangement of kDNA is related to the presence of histone-like proteins, known as KAPs (kinetoplast-associated proteins), that neutralize the negatively charged kDNA, thereby affecting the activity of mitochondrial enzymes involved in replication, transcription and repair. In this study, CRISPR-Cas9 was used to delete both alleles of the A. deanei KAP4 gene. Gene-deficient mutants exhibited high compaction of the kDNA network and displayed atypical phenotypes, such as the appearance of a filamentous symbionts, cells containing two nuclei and one kinetoplast, and division blocks. Treatment with cisplatin and UV showed that Δkap4 null mutants were not more sensitive to DNA damage and repair than wild-type cells. Notably, lesions caused by these genotoxic agents in the mitochondrial DNA could be repaired, suggesting that the kDNA in the kinetoplast of trypanosomatids has unique repair mechanisms. Taken together, our data indicate that although KAP4 is not an essential protein, it plays important roles in kDNA arrangement and replication, as well as in the maintenance of symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Silva Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, IBCCF, CCS, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21941-590, Brazil
- Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Repolês
- Laboratório de Genética Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jeremy C Mottram
- Department of Biology, York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Wentworth Way, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Wanderley De Souza
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, IBCCF, CCS, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21941-590, Brazil
- Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Renato Machado
- Laboratório de Genética Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Maria Cristina M Motta
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, IBCCF, CCS, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21941-590, Brazil.
- Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Choudhury A, Das NC, Patra R, Bhattacharya M, Ghosh P, Patra BC, Mukherjee S. Exploring the binding efficacy of ivermectin against the key proteins of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis: an in silico approach. Future Virol 2021. [PMCID: PMC7996102 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2020-0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aim: COVID-19 is currently the biggest threat to mankind. Recently, ivermectin (a US FDA-approved antiparasitic drug) has been explored as an anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent. Herein, we have studied the possible mechanism of action of ivermectin using in silico approaches. Materials & methods: Interaction of ivermectin against the key proteins involved in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis were investigated through molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation. Results: Ivermectin was found as a blocker of viral replicase, protease and human TMPRSS2, which could be the biophysical basis behind its antiviral efficiency. The antiviral action and ADMET profile of ivermectin was on par with the currently used anticorona drugs such as hydroxychloroquine and remdesivir. Conclusion: Our study enlightens the candidature of ivermectin as an effective drug for treating COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhigyan Choudhury
- Integrative Biochemistry & Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol 713340, West Bengal, India
| | - Nabarun C Das
- Integrative Biochemistry & Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol 713340, West Bengal, India
| | - Ritwik Patra
- Integrative Biochemistry & Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol 713340, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Pratik Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Bidhan C Patra
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Suprabhat Mukherjee
- Integrative Biochemistry & Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol 713340, West Bengal, India
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Marak BN, Dowarah J, Khiangte L, Singh VP. Step toward repurposing drug discovery for COVID-19 therapeutics through in silico approach. Drug Dev Res 2020; 82:374-392. [PMID: 33170521 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has become a threat to global health and has led to a global economic crisis. Although the researchers worldwide are putting tremendous effort toward gaining more insights into this zoonotic virus and developing vaccines and therapeutic drugs, no vaccine or drug is yet available to combat COVID-19 effectively. Drug discovery is often a laborious, time-consuming, and expensive task. In this time of crisis, employing computational methods could provide a feasible alternative approach that can potentially be used for drug discovery. Therefore, a library of several antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory drugs was virtually screened against SARS-CoV-2 proteases to identify potential inhibitors. The identified inhibitory drugs were further analyzed to confirm their activities against SARS-CoV-2. Our results could prove to be helpful in repurposing the drug discovery approach, which could substantially reduce the expenses, time, and resources required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brilliant N Marak
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | - Jayanta Dowarah
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | - Laldingluaia Khiangte
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | - Ved Prakash Singh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
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11
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A review on the druggability of a thiol-based enzymatic antioxidant thioredoxin reductase for treating filariasis and other parasitic infections. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 142:125-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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12
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Debnath U, Mukherjee S, Joardar N, Sinha Babu SP, Jana K, Misra AK. Aryl quinolinyl hydrazone derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents that inhibit TLR4 activation in the macrophages. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 134:102-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ray AS, Joardar N, Mukherjee S, Rahaman CH, Sinha Babu SP. Polyphenol enriched ethanolic extract of Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars exerts potential antifilarial activity by inducing oxidative stress and programmed cell death. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208201. [PMID: 30521546 PMCID: PMC6283587 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of antifilarial drug from the natural sources is considered as one of the most efficacious, safe, and affordable approaches. In this study, we report the antifilarial activity of a leguminous plant Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars. The polyphenol-rich ethanolic extract obtained from the stem part of the plant C. scarabaeoides (EECs) was found to be efficient in killing the filarial nematode Setaria cervi in all the three developmental stages viz. oocytes, microfilariae (Mf) and adults with LD50 values of 2.5, 10 and 35 μg/ml, respectively. While studying the molecular mechanism of action, we found that induction of oxidative stress plays the key role in inducing the mortality in S. cervi. The redox imbalance finally results in activation of the nematode CED pathway that executes the death of the parasite. Intriguingly, EECs was found to be selectively active against the worm and absolutely non-toxic to the mammalian cells and tissues. Taken together, our experimental data demonstrate that C. scarabaeoides can be chosen as an affordable natural therapeutic for treating filarial infection in the future with high efficacy and less toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Sundar Ray
- Ethnopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
| | - Nikhilesh Joardar
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
| | - Suprabhat Mukherjee
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
| | - Chowdhury Habibur Rahaman
- Ethnopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
- * E-mail: (SPS); (CHR)
| | - Santi P. Sinha Babu
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
- * E-mail: (SPS); (CHR)
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Mukherjee S, Joardar N, Mondal S, Schiefer A, Hoerauf A, Pfarr K, Babu SPS. Quinolone-fused cyclic sulfonamide as a novel benign antifilarial agent. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12073. [PMID: 30104608 PMCID: PMC6089915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Search of potent antifilarial drugs has been a major thrust area in tropical medicine research over the decades. Herein, we report 4,7-dimethyl-3,4,7,8-tetrahydro-3λ6-[1,2]thiazino[4,3-f]quinoline-3,3,8-trione (8l) as a new class of antifilarial agent which is extremely potent, with lethality against all the developmental stages (oocyte, microfilaria and adult) of the filarial parasite Setaria cervi. Molecular investigation on its mode of action revealed that 8l is a typical inducer of reactive oxygen species that triggers oxidative stress inside the filarid and further signals induction of apoptosis by activating both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Moreover, 8l is also active against Wolbachia, the essential endosymbiont of several human infectious filarids. Selective toxicity against filarial parasites and non-toxic nature in rat model were found as unique traits of 8l to be a future medicine. Taken en masse, this maiden report on a novel quinolone fused cyclic sulfonamide presents a promising therapeutic lead for lymphatic filariasis in future.
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Joardar N, Mukherjee S, Babu SPS. Thioredoxin reductase from the bovine filarial parasite Setaria cervi: Studies on its localization and optimization of the extraction. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 107:2375-2384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Bennuru S, O'Connell EM, Drame PM, Nutman TB. Mining Filarial Genomes for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets. Trends Parasitol 2017; 34:80-90. [PMID: 29031509 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Filarial infections of humans cause some of the most important neglected tropical diseases. The global efforts for eliminating filarial infections by mass drug administration programs may require additional tools (safe macrofilaricidal drugs, vaccines, and diagnostic biomarkers). The accurate and sensitive detection of viable parasites is essential for diagnosis and for surveillance programs. Current community-wide treatment modalities do not kill the adult filarial worms effectively; hence, there is a need to identify and develop safe macrofilaricidal drugs. High-throughput sequencing, mass spectroscopy methods and advances in computational biology have greatly accelerated the discovery process. Here, we describe post-genomic developments toward the identification of diagnostic biomarkers and drug targets for the filarial infection of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasisekhar Bennuru
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Elise M O'Connell
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Papa M Drame
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas B Nutman
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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