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Kalemaj Z, Marino MM, Santini AC, Tomaselli G, Auti A, Cagetti MG, Borsello T, Costantino A, Inchingolo F, Boccellino M, Di Domenico M, Tartaglia GM. Salivary microRNA profiling dysregulation in autism spectrum disorder: A pilot study. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:945278. [PMID: 36340774 PMCID: PMC9629840 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.945278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are the most prevalent neurobiological disorders in children. The etiology comprises genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors such as dysfunction of the immune system. Epigenetic mechanisms are mainly represented by DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs (miRNA). The major explored epigenetic mechanism is mediated by miRNAs which target genes known to be involved in ASD pathogenesis. Salivary poly-omic RNA measurements have been associated with ASD and are helpful to differentiate ASD endophenotypes. This study aims to comprehensively examine miRNA expression in children with ASD and to reveal potential biomarkers and possible disease mechanisms so that they can be used to improve faction between individuals by promoting more personalized therapeutic approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS Saliva samples were collected from 10 subjects: 5 samples of children with ASD and 5 from healthy controls. miRNAs were analyzed using an Illumina Next-Generation-Sequencing (NGS) system. RESULTS Preliminary data highlighted the presence of 365 differentially expressed miRNAs. Pathway analysis, molecular function, biological processes, and target genes of 41 dysregulated miRNAs were assessed, of which 20 were upregulated, and 21 were downregulated in children with ASD compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSION The results of this study represent preliminary but promising data, as the identified miRNA pathways could represent useful biomarkers for the early non-invasive diagnosis of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zamira Kalemaj
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Michela Marino
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Tomaselli
- Pharmacological Research Institute Mario Negri-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Amogh Auti
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cagetti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Science, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Borsello
- Pharmacological Research Institute Mario Negri-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Costantino
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Section of Dental Medicine, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Università di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Boccellino
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Di Domenico
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Gianluca Martino Tartaglia
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Protective Effect of Resveratrol against Hypoxia-Induced Neural Oxidative Stress. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12081202. [PMID: 35893296 PMCID: PMC9330416 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in brain aging and in neurodegenerative diseases. New therapeutic agents are necessary to cross the blood–brain barrier and target disease pathogenesis without causing disagreeable side effects. Resveratrol (RSV) may act as a neuroprotective compound, but little is known about its potential in improving the cognitive and metabolic aspects that are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects and the underlying mechanisms of RSV against hypoxia-induced oxidative stress in neuronal PC12 cells. For the induction of the hypoxia model, the cells were exposed to oxygen-deprived gas in a hypoxic chamber. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by a fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was analyzed by using dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) and 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, acetyl ester (CM-H2DCFDA) tests. The expression of activated caspase-3, -9, Bcl-2, Bax, p53, and SOD was investigated by a Western blot analysis. We found that hypoxia reduced PC12 viability by inducing apoptosis, while RSV treatment attenuated the ROS-induced damage by reducing caspase-3, -9, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The RSV treated groups were found to improve cellular health, with a 7.41% increase in the S phase population in the 10 µM group, compared to the control. Hence, RSV has a protective effect in neuronal cells and may halt the cell cycle in the G1/S phase to repair the intracellular damage. Therefore, RSV could be a good candidate to act as an antioxidant and promising preventive therapeutic agent in neurodegenerative diseases for personalized medicine.
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Boccellino M, Ambrosio P, Ballini A, De Vito D, Scacco S, Cantore S, Feola A, Di Donato M, Quagliuolo L, Sciarra A, Galasso G, Crocetto F, Imbimbo C, Boffo S, Di Zazzo E, Di Domenico M. The Role of Curcumin in Prostate Cancer Cells and Derived Spheroids. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143348. [PMID: 35884410 PMCID: PMC9320241 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in the clinical management of prostate cancer (PC) is to inhibit tumor growth and prevent metastatic spreading. In recent years, considerable efforts have been made to discover new compounds useful for PC therapy, and promising advances in this field were reached. Drugs currently used in PC therapy frequently induce resistance and PC progresses toward metastatic castration-resistant forms (mCRPC), making it virtually incurable. Curcumin, a commercially available nutritional supplement, represents an attractive therapeutic agent for mCRPC patients. In the present study, we compared the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs such as docetaxel, paclitaxel, and cisplatin, to curcumin, on two PC cell lines displaying a different metastatic potential: DU145 (moderate metastatic potential) and PC-3 (high metastatic potential). Our results revealed a dose-dependent reduction of DU145 and PC-3 cell viability upon treatment with curcumin similar to chemotherapeutic agents (paclitaxel, cisplatin, and docetaxel). Furthermore, we explored the EGFR-mediated signaling effects on ERK activation in DU145 and PC-3 cells. Our results showed that DU145 and PC-3 cells overexpress EGFR, and the treatment with chemotherapeutic agents or curcumin reduced EGFR expression levels and ERK activation. Finally, chemotherapeutic agents and curcumin reduced the size of DU145 and PC-3 spheroids and have the potential to induce apoptosis and also in Matrigel. In conclusion, despite different studies being carried out to identify the potential synergistic curcumin combinations with chemopreventive/therapeutic efficacy for inhibiting PC growth, the results show the ability of curcumin used alone, or in combinatorial approaches, to impair the size and the viability of PC-derived spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosaria Boccellino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (P.A.); (A.F.); (M.D.D.); (L.Q.); (G.G.); (E.D.Z.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Pasqualina Ambrosio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (P.A.); (A.F.); (M.D.D.); (L.Q.); (G.G.); (E.D.Z.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (P.A.); (A.F.); (M.D.D.); (L.Q.); (G.G.); (E.D.Z.); (M.D.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Danila De Vito
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.D.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Salvatore Scacco
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (D.D.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Stefania Cantore
- Independent Researcher, 70129 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Antonia Feola
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (P.A.); (A.F.); (M.D.D.); (L.Q.); (G.G.); (E.D.Z.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Marzia Di Donato
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (P.A.); (A.F.); (M.D.D.); (L.Q.); (G.G.); (E.D.Z.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Lucio Quagliuolo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (P.A.); (A.F.); (M.D.D.); (L.Q.); (G.G.); (E.D.Z.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Antonella Sciarra
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Galasso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (P.A.); (A.F.); (M.D.D.); (L.Q.); (G.G.); (E.D.Z.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (C.I.)
| | - Ciro Imbimbo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (C.I.)
| | - Silvia Boffo
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122-6078, USA;
| | - Erika Di Zazzo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (P.A.); (A.F.); (M.D.D.); (L.Q.); (G.G.); (E.D.Z.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Marina Di Domenico
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (P.A.); (A.F.); (M.D.D.); (L.Q.); (G.G.); (E.D.Z.); (M.D.D.)
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122-6078, USA;
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Berglund A, Matta J, Encarnación-Medina J, Ortiz-Sanchéz C, Dutil J, Linares R, Marcial J, Abreu-Takemura C, Moreno N, Putney R, Chakrabarti R, Lin HY, Yamoah K, Osterman CD, Wang L, Dhillon J, Kim Y, Kim SJ, Ruiz-Deya G, Park JY. Dysregulation of DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Clocks in Prostate Cancer among Puerto Rican Men. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010002. [PMID: 35053153 PMCID: PMC8773891 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2021, approximately 248,530 new prostate cancer (PCa) cases are estimated in the United States. Hispanic/Latinos (H/L) are the second largest racial/ethnic group in the US. The objective of this study was to assess DNA methylation patterns between aggressive and indolent PCa along with ancestry proportions in 49 H/L men from Puerto Rico (PR). Prostate tumors were classified as aggressive (n = 17) and indolent (n = 32) based on the Gleason score. Genomic DNA samples were extracted by macro-dissection. DNA methylation patterns were assessed using the Illumina EPIC DNA methylation platform. We used ADMIXTURE to estimate global ancestry proportions. We identified 892 differentially methylated genes in prostate tumor tissues as compared with normal tissues. Based on an epigenetic clock model, we observed that the total number of stem cell divisions (TNSC) and stem cell division rate (SCDR) were significantly higher in tumor than adjacent normal tissues. Regarding PCa aggressiveness, 141 differentially methylated genes were identified. Ancestry proportions of PR men were estimated as African, European, and Indigenous American; these were 24.1%, 64.2%, and 11.7%, respectively. The identification of DNA methylation profiles associated with risk and aggressiveness of PCa in PR H/L men will shed light on potential mechanisms contributing to PCa disparities in PR population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Berglund
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.B.); (R.P.); (Y.K.)
| | - Jaime Matta
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716-2347, Puerto Rico; (J.M.); (J.E.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.D.); (R.L.); (J.M.); (C.A.-T.); (C.D.O.); (G.R.-D.)
| | - Jarline Encarnación-Medina
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716-2347, Puerto Rico; (J.M.); (J.E.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.D.); (R.L.); (J.M.); (C.A.-T.); (C.D.O.); (G.R.-D.)
| | - Carmen Ortiz-Sanchéz
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716-2347, Puerto Rico; (J.M.); (J.E.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.D.); (R.L.); (J.M.); (C.A.-T.); (C.D.O.); (G.R.-D.)
| | - Julie Dutil
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716-2347, Puerto Rico; (J.M.); (J.E.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.D.); (R.L.); (J.M.); (C.A.-T.); (C.D.O.); (G.R.-D.)
| | - Raymond Linares
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716-2347, Puerto Rico; (J.M.); (J.E.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.D.); (R.L.); (J.M.); (C.A.-T.); (C.D.O.); (G.R.-D.)
| | - Joshua Marcial
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716-2347, Puerto Rico; (J.M.); (J.E.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.D.); (R.L.); (J.M.); (C.A.-T.); (C.D.O.); (G.R.-D.)
| | - Caren Abreu-Takemura
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716-2347, Puerto Rico; (J.M.); (J.E.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.D.); (R.L.); (J.M.); (C.A.-T.); (C.D.O.); (G.R.-D.)
| | - Natasha Moreno
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716-2347, Puerto Rico; (J.M.); (J.E.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.D.); (R.L.); (J.M.); (C.A.-T.); (C.D.O.); (G.R.-D.)
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (J.Y.P.)
| | - Ryan Putney
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.B.); (R.P.); (Y.K.)
| | - Ratna Chakrabarti
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA;
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Kosj Yamoah
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Carlos Diaz Osterman
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716-2347, Puerto Rico; (J.M.); (J.E.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.D.); (R.L.); (J.M.); (C.A.-T.); (C.D.O.); (G.R.-D.)
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Jasreman Dhillon
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Youngchul Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (A.B.); (R.P.); (Y.K.)
| | - Seung Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Gilberto Ruiz-Deya
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716-2347, Puerto Rico; (J.M.); (J.E.-M.); (C.O.-S.); (J.D.); (R.L.); (J.M.); (C.A.-T.); (C.D.O.); (G.R.-D.)
| | - Jong Y. Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (J.Y.P.)
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Fatima N, Baqri SSR, Bhattacharya A, Koney NKK, Husain K, Abbas A, Ansari RA. Role of Flavonoids as Epigenetic Modulators in Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Front Genet 2021; 12:758733. [PMID: 34858475 PMCID: PMC8630677 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.758733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation involves reversible changes in histones and DNA modifications that can be inherited without any changes in the DNA sequence. Dysregulation of normal epigenetic processes can lead to aberrant gene expression as observed in many diseases, notably cancer. Recent insights into the mechanisms of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs involved in altered gene expression profiles of tumor cells have caused a paradigm shift in the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches towards cancer. There has been a surge in search for compounds that could modulate the altered epigenetic landscape of tumor cells, and to exploit their therapeutic potential against cancers. Flavonoids are naturally occurring phenol compounds which are abundantly found among phytochemicals and have potentials to modulate epigenetic processes. Knowledge of the precise flavonoid-mediated epigenetic alterations is needed for the development of epigenetics drugs and combinatorial therapeutic approaches against cancers. This review is aimed to comprehensively explore the epigenetic modulations of flavonoids and their anti-tumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, Shia Postgraduate College, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Atrayee Bhattacharya
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nii Koney-Kwaku Koney
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kazim Husain
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Ata Abbas
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Rais A Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States
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Isacco CG, Ballini A, De Vito D, Nguyen KCD, Cantore S, Bottalico L, Quagliuolo L, Boccellino M, Di Domenico M, Santacroce L, Arrigoni R, Dipalma G, Inchingolo F. Rebalancing the Oral Microbiota as an Efficient Tool in Endocrine, Metabolic and Immune Disorders. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:777-784. [PMID: 32727337 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200729142504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The current treatment and prevention procedures of oral disorders follow a very targeted approach considering mouth and its structures as a system that is completely independent, than the rest of the body. The main therapeutic approach is to keep the levels of oral bacteria and hygiene in an acceptable range compatible with oral-mouth health, completely separated from systemic microbial homeostasis (eubiosis vs dysbiosis). This can negatively impact the diagnosis of a more complex systemic disease and its progression. Dysbiosis occurs as a consequence of imbalance in oral and gut microbiota which leads to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease, as reported in current literature. Likewise, there is a need to highlight and develop a novel philosophical approach in the treatments for oral diseases that will necessarily involve nonconventional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Gargiulo Isacco
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Danila De Vito
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70121 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Cantore
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Bottalico
- PolyPheno S.r.l. Academic Spin Off, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 74123 Taranto, Italy
| | - Lucio Quagliuolo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Boccellino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Di Domenico
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Jonian Department, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Arrigoni
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70121 Bari, Italy
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Differential DNA Methylation in Prostate Tumors from Puerto Rican Men. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020733. [PMID: 33450964 PMCID: PMC7828429 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2020, approximately 191,930 new prostate cancer (PCa) cases are estimated in the United States (US). Hispanic/Latinos (H/L) are the second largest racial/ethnic group in the US. This study aims to assess methylation patterns between aggressive and indolent PCa including DNA repair genes along with ancestry proportions. Prostate tumors classified as aggressive (n = 11) and indolent (n = 13) on the basis of the Gleason score were collected. Tumor and adjacent normal tissue were annotated on H&E (Haemotoxylin and Eosin) slides and extracted by macro-dissection. Methylation patterns were assessed using the Illumina 850K DNA methylation platform. Raw data were processed using the Bioconductor package. Global ancestry proportions were estimated using ADMIXTURE (k = 3). One hundred eight genes including AOX1 were differentially methylated in tumor samples. Regarding the PCa aggressiveness, six hypermethylated genes (RREB1, FAM71F2, JMJD1C, COL5A3, RAE1, and GABRQ) and 11 hypomethylated genes (COL9A2, FAM179A, SLC17A2, PDE10A, PLEKHS1, TNNI2, OR51A4, RNF169, SPNS2, ADAMTSL5, and CYP4F12) were identified. Two significant differentially methylated DNA repair genes, JMJD1C and RNF169, were found. Ancestry proportion results for African, European, and Indigenous American were 24.1%, 64.2%, and 11.7%, respectively. The identification of DNA methylation patterns related to PCa in H/L men along with specific patterns related to aggressiveness and DNA repair constitutes a pivotal effort for the understanding of PCa in this population.
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Berberine for Appetite Suppressant and Prevention of Obesity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2020:3891806. [PMID: 33415147 PMCID: PMC7752296 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3891806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR), a natural plant product, has been shown to have antidiabetic, cholesterol-reducing effects. To investigate the action of BBR as appetite suppressants, two experimental protocols were performed. In the first experiment, the mice were fed either a normal-chow diet or a high-fat diet (HF). The mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of BBR (10 mg/kg or saline at 1 ml/kg) for 3 weeks. To determine the antiobesity effects of BBR, the food consumption, body weight, fat contents, serum leptin, and glucose level were investigated. In the second experiment, we set out to validate the effect of BBR on central neuropeptide Y (NPY) stimulated rats. Experiments were carried out in 24-hour fasted rats, and then food intake and glucose level were subsequently recorded for 1 hour. The experimental groups were subdivided into the intra-3rd ventricular microinjections of ACSF (artificial cerebrospinal fluid), neuropeptide Y (NPY; 100 nM), NPY+BBR (10 nM), and NPY+BBR (100 nM) group. And then the blood glucose level was examined. In the first experiment, treatment with BBR in the HF diet mice reduced food intake, body weight, fat contents, serum leptin, and glucose level. In the second experiment, the NPY-injected group increased food intake by 39.3%, and food intake was reduced in the BBR group by 47.5%, compared with the ACSF-injected group. Also, the serum glucose level in the NPY+BBR (100 nM) group was significantly lower than that in the NPY (100 nM) group. The results suggest that BBR improved lipid dysregulation in obesity by controlling the central obesity related pathway.
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Barrea L, Muscogiuri G, Modica R, Altieri B, Pugliese G, Minotta R, Faggiano A, Colao A, Savastano S. Cardio-Metabolic Indices and Metabolic Syndrome as Predictors of Clinical Severity of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:649496. [PMID: 33815296 PMCID: PMC8018238 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.649496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity, mainly visceral obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are major risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Data analyzing the association of obesity and MetS with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NEN) are lacking. Fatty liver index (FLI) is a non-invasive tool for identifying individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Visceral adiposity index (VAI) has been suggested as a gender-specific indicator of adipose dysfunction. Both indexes have been proposed as early predictors of MetS. This study aimed to investigate the association of FLI VAI as early predictors of MetS with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). METHODS A cross-sectional, case-control, observational study was carried out at the ENETS Centers of Excellence Multidisciplinary Group for Neuroendocrine Tumors, University "Federico II". VAI and FLI were calculated. RESULTS We enrolled 109 patients with histologically confirmed G1/G2 GEP-NET (53 M; 57.06 ± 15.96 years), as well as 109 healthy subjects, age, sex- and body mass index-matched. Forty-four GEP-NET patients were G2, of which 21 were with progressive disease, and 27 patients had metastases. GEP-NET patients had a higher value of VAI (p < 0.001) and FLI (p = 0.049) and higher MetS presence (p < 0.001) compared with controls. VAI and FLI values and MetS presence were higher in G2 than in G1 patients (p < 0.001), in patients with progressive disease, and in metastatic vs non-metastatic patients (p < 0.001). In addition, higher values of VAI and FLI and higher MetS presence were significantly correlated with the worst clinical severity of NENs. The cut-off values for the FLI and MetS to predict high grading of GEP-NETs and the presence of metastasis were also provided. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study investigating an association between VAI and FLI as early predictors of MetS and GEP-NET. Our findings report that the worsening of clinicopathological characteristics in GEP-NET is associated with higher presence of MetS, NAFLD, evaluated by FLI, and visceral adiposity dysfunction, evaluated by VAI. Addressing the clinical evaluation of MetS presence, NAFLD, and visceral adiposity dysfunction might be of crucial relevance to establish targeted preventive and treatment interventions of NEN-related metabolic comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Napoli, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Luigi Barrea, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-456X
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Modica
- Unit of Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gabriella Pugliese
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Minotta
- Unit of Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antongiulio Faggiano
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco “Educazione alla salute e allo svilupposostenibile“, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Antioxidant Effect of Beer Polyphenols and Their Bioavailability in Dental-Derived Stem Cells (D-dSCs) and Human Intestinal Epithelial Lines (Caco-2) Cells. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8835813. [PMID: 33101420 PMCID: PMC7569455 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8835813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Beer is one of the most consumed alcoholic beverages in the world, rich in chemical compounds of natural origin with high nutritional and biological value. It is made up of water, barley malt, hops, and yeast. The main nutrients are carbohydrates, amino acids, minerals, vitamins, and other compounds such as polyphenols which are responsible for the many health benefits associated with this consumption of drinks. Hops and malt are one of the raw materials for beer and are a source of phenolic compounds. In fact, about 30% of the polyphenols in beer comes from hops and 70%-80% from malt. Natural compounds of foods or plants exert an important antioxidant activity, counteracting the formation of harmful free radicals. In the presence of an intense stressing event, cells activate specific responses to counteract cell death or senescence which is known to act as a key-task in the onset of age-related pathologies and in the loss of tissue homeostasis. Many studies have shown positive effects of natural compounds as beer polyphenols on biological systems. The main aims of our research were to determine the polyphenolic profile of three fractions, coming from stages of beer production, the mashing process (must), the filtration process (prehopping solution), and the boiling process with the addition of hops (posthopping solution), and to evaluate the effects of these fractions on Dental-derived Stem Cells (D-dSCs) and human intestinal epithelial lines (Caco-2 cells). Furthermore, we underline the bioavailability of beer fraction polyphenols by carrying out the in vitro intestinal absorption using the Caco-2 cell model. We found an antioxidant, proliferating, and antisenescent effects of the fractions deriving from the brewing process on D-dSCs and Caco-2 cells. Finally, our results demonstrated that the bioavailability of polyphenols is greater in beer than in the control standards used, supporting the future clinical application of these compounds as potential therapeutic tools in precision and translational medicine.
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11
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Crocetto F, Boccellino M, Barone B, Di Zazzo E, Sciarra A, Galasso G, Settembre G, Quagliuolo L, Imbimbo C, Boffo S, Angelillo IF, Di Domenico M. The Crosstalk between Prostate Cancer and Microbiota Inflammation: Nutraceutical Products Are Useful to Balance This Interplay? Nutrients 2020; 12:E2648. [PMID: 32878054 PMCID: PMC7551491 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota shows pivotal roles in urologic health and disease. Emerging studies indicate that gut and urinary microbiomes can impact several urological diseases, both benignant and malignant, acting particularly on prostate inflammation and prostate cancer. Indeed, the microbiota exerts its influence on prostate cancer initiation and/or progression mechanisms through the regulation of chronic inflammation, apoptotic processes, cytokines, and hormonal production in response to different pathogenic noxae. Additionally, therapies' and drugs' responses are influenced in their efficacy and tolerability by microbiota composition. Due to this complex potential interconnection between prostate cancer and microbiota, exploration and understanding of the involved relationships is pivotal to evaluate a potential therapeutic application in clinical practice. Several natural compounds, moreover, seem to have relevant effects, directly or mediated by microbiota, on urologic health, posing the human microbiota at the crossroad between prostatic inflammation and prostate cancer development. Here, we aim to analyze the most recent evidence regarding the possible crosstalk between prostate, microbiome, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (C.I.)
| | - Mariarosaria Boccellino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (G.G.); (G.S.); (L.Q.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Biagio Barone
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (C.I.)
| | - Erika Di Zazzo
- Department of Health Science “V. Tiberio”, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonella Sciarra
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80135 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Galasso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (G.G.); (G.S.); (L.Q.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Giuliana Settembre
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (G.G.); (G.S.); (L.Q.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Lucio Quagliuolo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (G.G.); (G.S.); (L.Q.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Ciro Imbimbo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (C.I.)
| | - Silvia Boffo
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, 19122 PA, USA;
| | | | - Marina Di Domenico
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (G.G.); (G.S.); (L.Q.); (M.D.D.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, 19122 PA, USA;
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Boccellino M, D’Angelo S. Anti-Obesity Effects of Polyphenol Intake: Current Status and Future Possibilities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5642. [PMID: 32781724 PMCID: PMC7460589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has steadily increased worldwide over the past three decades. The conventional approaches to prevent or treat this syndrome and its associated complications include a balanced diet, an increase energy expenditure, and lifestyle modification. Multiple pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions have been developed with the aim of improving obesity complications. Recently, the use of functional foods and their bioactive components is considered a new approach in the prevention and management of this disease. Due to their biological properties, polyphenols may be considered as nutraceuticals and food supplement recommended for different syndromes. Polyphenols are a class of naturally-occurring phytochemicals, some of which have been shown to modulate physiological and molecular pathways involved in energy metabolism. Polyphenols could act in the stimulation of β-oxidation, adipocyte differentiation inhibition, counteract oxidative stress, etc. In this narrative review, we considered the association between polyphenols (resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, and some polyphenolic extracts) and obesity, focusing on human trials. The health effects of polyphenols depend on the amount consumed and their bioavailability. Some results are contrasting, probably due to the various study designs and lengths, variation among subjects (age, gender, ethnicity), and chemical forms of the dietary polyphenols used. But, in conclusion, the data so far obtained encourage the setting of new trials, necessary to validate benefic role of polyphenols in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosaria Boccellino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Stefania D’Angelo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Parthenope University, 80133 Naples, Italy
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(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses prostate cancer cell growth via activating miR-520a-3p. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s43450-020-00079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rizeq B, Gupta I, Ilesanmi J, AlSafran M, Rahman MDM, Ouhtit A. The Power of Phytochemicals Combination in Cancer Chemoprevention. J Cancer 2020; 11:4521-4533. [PMID: 32489469 PMCID: PMC7255361 DOI: 10.7150/jca.34374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional therapies for cancer treatment have posed many challenges, including toxicity, multidrug resistance and economic expenses. In contrast, complementary alternative medicine (CAM), employing phytochemicals have recently received increased attention owing to their capability to modulate a myriad of molecular mechanisms with a less toxic effect. Increasing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggest that phytochemicals can favorably modulate several signaling pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Combinations of phytochemicals promote cell death, inhibit cell proliferation and invasion, sensitize cancerous cells, and boost the immune system, thus making them striking alternatives in cancer therapy. We previously investigated the effect of six phytochemicals (Indol-3-Carbinol, Resveratrol, C-phycocyanin, Isoflavone, Curcumin and Quercetin), at their bioavailable levels on breast cancer cell lines and were compared to primary cell lines over a period of 6 days. This study showed the compounds had a synergestic effect in inhibiting cell proliferation, reducing cellular migration and invasion, inducing both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Despite the vast number of basic science and preclinical cancer studies involving phytochemicals, the number of CAM clinical trials in cancer treatment still remains nascent. In this review, we summarize findings from preclinical and clinical studies, including our work involving use of phytochemicals, individually as well as in combination and further discuss the potential of these phytochemicals to pave way to integrate CAM in primary health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balsam Rizeq
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Josephine Ilesanmi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed AlSafran
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - MD Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Allal Ouhtit
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Yessenkyzy A, Saliev T, Zhanaliyeva M, Masoud AR, Umbayev B, Sergazy S, Krivykh E, Gulyayev A, Nurgozhin T. Polyphenols as Caloric-Restriction Mimetics and Autophagy Inducers in Aging Research. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1344. [PMID: 32397145 PMCID: PMC7285205 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been thought that caloric restriction favors longevity and healthy aging where autophagy plays a vital role. However, autophagy decreases during aging and that can lead to the development of aging-associated diseases such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegeneration, etc. It was shown that autophagy can be induced by mechanical or chemical stress. In this regard, various pharmacological compounds were proposed, including natural polyphenols. Apart from the ability to induce autophagy, polyphenols, such as resveratrol, are capable of modulating the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic factors, neutralizing free radical species, affecting mitochondrial functions, chelating redox-active transition metal ions, and preventing protein aggregation. Moreover, polyphenols have advantages compared to chemical inducers of autophagy due to their intrinsic natural bio-compatibility and safety. In this context, polyphenols can be considered as a potential therapeutic tool for healthy aging either as a part of a diet or as separate compounds (supplements). This review discusses the epigenetic aspect and the underlying molecular mechanism of polyphenols as an anti-aging remedy. In addition, the recent advances of studies on NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) regulation of autophagy, the role of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in cells senescence and their regulation by polyphenols have been highlighted as well. Apart from that, the review also revised the latest information on how polyphenols can help to improve mitochondrial function and modulate apoptosis (programmed cell death).
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Affiliation(s)
- Assylzhan Yessenkyzy
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Medicine named after B. Atchabarov, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (A.Y.); (T.N.)
| | - Timur Saliev
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Medicine named after B. Atchabarov, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (A.Y.); (T.N.)
| | - Marina Zhanaliyeva
- Department of Human Anatomy, NSC “Medical University of Astana”, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Abdul-Razak Masoud
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71270, USA;
| | - Bauyrzhan Umbayev
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (B.U.); (S.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Shynggys Sergazy
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (B.U.); (S.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Elena Krivykh
- Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Tyumen Region, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug—Ugra, Khanty-Mansiysk 125438, Russia;
| | - Alexander Gulyayev
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (B.U.); (S.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Talgat Nurgozhin
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Medicine named after B. Atchabarov, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (A.Y.); (T.N.)
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Xu N, Wu YP, Ke ZB, Liang YC, Cai H, Su WT, Tao X, Chen SH, Zheng QS, Wei Y, Xue XY. Identification of key DNA methylation-driven genes in prostate adenocarcinoma: an integrative analysis of TCGA methylation data. J Transl Med 2019; 17:311. [PMID: 31533842 PMCID: PMC6751626 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2065-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the second leading cause of deaths due to cancer in the United States in men. The aim of this study was to perform an integrative epigenetic analysis of prostate adenocarcinoma to explore the epigenetic abnormalities involved in the development and progression of prostate adenocarcinoma. The key DNA methylation-driven genes were also identified. Methods Methylation and RNA-seq data were downloaded for The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Methylation and gene expression data from TCGA were incorporated and analyzed using MethylMix package. Methylation data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were assessed by R package limma to obtain differentially methylated genes. Pathway analysis was performed on genes identified by MethylMix criteria using ConsensusPathDB. Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were also applied for the identification of pathways in which DNA methylation-driven genes significantly enriched. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and module analysis in Cytoscape software were used to find the hub genes. Two methylation profile (GSE112047 and GSE76938) datasets were utilized to validate screened hub genes. Immunohistochemistry of these hub genes were evaluated by the Human Protein Atlas. Results A total of 553 samples in TCGA database, 32 samples in GSE112047 and 136 samples in GSE76938 were included in this study. There were a total of 266 differentially methylated genes were identified by MethylMix. Plus, a total of 369 differentially methylated genes and 594 differentially methylated genes were identified by the R package limma in GSE112047 and GSE76938, respectively. GO term enrichment analysis suggested that DNA methylation-driven genes significantly enriched in oxidation–reduction process, extracellular exosome, electron carrier activity, response to reactive oxygen species, and aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity. KEGG pathway analysis found DNA methylation-driven genes significantly enriched in five pathways including drug metabolism—cytochrome P450, phenylalanine metabolism, histidine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and tyrosine metabolism. The validated hub genes were MAOB and RTP4. Conclusions Methylated hub genes, including MAOB and RTP4, can be regarded as novel biomarkers for accurate PCa diagnosis and treatment. Further studies are needed to draw more attention to the roles of these hub genes in the occurrence and development of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Yu-Peng Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Ke
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Ying-Chun Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Hai Cai
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Wen-Ting Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Xuan Tao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Shao-Hao Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Qing-Shui Zheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
| | - Xue-Yi Xue
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
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Di Domenico M, Pinto F, Quagliuolo L, Contaldo M, Settembre G, Romano A, Coppola M, Ferati K, Bexheti-Ferati A, Sciarra A, Nicoletti GF, Ferraro GA, Boccellino M. The Role of Oxidative Stress and Hormones in Controlling Obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:540. [PMID: 31456748 PMCID: PMC6701166 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of adipose tissue in the body occurs because the energy introduced with food and drink exceeds that expense, but to understand why this imbalance is established and why it is maintained over time, it is important to consider the main causes and risk factors of excess weight. In this review, we will refer to the main factors linked to obesity, starting from oxidative stress to hormonal factors including the role of obesity in breast cancer. Among the many hypotheses formulated on the etiopathology of obesity, a key role can be attributed to the relationship between stress oxidative and intestinal microbiota. Multiple evidences tend to show that genetic, epigenetic, and lifestyle factors contribute to determine in the obese an imbalance of the redox balance correlated with the alteration of the intestinal microbial flora. Obesity acts negatively on the wound healing, in fact several studies indicate morbid obesity significantly increased the risk of a post-operative wound complication and infection. Currently, in the treatment of obesity, medical interventions are aimed not only at modifying caloric intake, but also to modulate and improve the composition of diet with the aim of rebalancing the microbiota-redox state axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Di Domenico
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Federica Pinto
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Quagliuolo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Contaldo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuliana Settembre
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Romano
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Coppola
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Kenan Ferati
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tetovo, Tetovo, Macedonia
| | | | - Antonella Sciarra
- Department of Translational Medicad Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Andrea Ferraro
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giuseppe Andrea Ferraro
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He J, Xu L, Yang L, Wang X. Epigallocatechin Gallate Is the Most Effective Catechin Against Antioxidant Stress via Hydrogen Peroxide and Radical Scavenging Activity. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:8198-8206. [PMID: 30428482 PMCID: PMC6247744 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal oxidative stress is a serious threat to the nervous system. Catechins and related compounds are effective radical scavengers that protect against nerve cell damage. Material/Methods Here, we investigated the antioxidant property of various catechins in protecting against hydrogen peroxide, as well as their radical-scavenging activity. Result We found that catechins treatment effectively protected HT22 cells against H2O2-induced cell viability by decreasing and attenuating reactive oxidative species production in different proportions. In addition, all tested catechins performed radical scavenging activity, and partially removed the free radicals. Among all investigated catechins, epigallocatechin gallate was the most effective against ROS production and had the strongest radical-scavenging activity. These results suggest that beneficial effects were strongly related with structure of catechins, mainly because of the hydroxyl and galloyl groups. Conclusions In conclusion, epigallocatechin gallate is the most effective antioxidant polyphenol against hydrogen peroxide and radical-scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinting He
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Le Yang
- People's Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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