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Esmaeili J, Jalise SZ, Pisani S, Rochefort GY, Ghobadinezhad F, Mirzaei Z, Mohammed RUR, Fathi M, Tebyani A, Nejad ZM. Development and characterization of Polycaprolactone/chitosan-based scaffolds for tissue engineering of various organs: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132941. [PMID: 38848842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Research in creating 3D structures mirroring the extracellular matrix (ECM) with accurate environmental cues holds paramount significance in biological applications.Biomaterials that replicate ECM properties-mechanical, physicochemical, and biological-emerge as pivotal tools in mimicking ECM behavior.Incorporating synthetic and natural biomaterials is widely used to produce scaffolds suitable for the intended organs.Polycaprolactone (PCL), a synthetic biomaterial, boasts commendable mechanical properties, albeit with relatively modest biological attributes due to its hydrophobic nature.Chitosan (CTS) exhibits strong biological traits but lacks mechanical resilience for complex tissue regeneration.Notably, both PCL and CTS have demonstrated their application in tissue engineering for diverse types of tissues.Their combination across varying PCL:CTS ratios has increased the likelihood of fabricating scaffolds to address defects in sturdy and pliable tissues.This comprehensive analysis aspires to accentuate their distinct attributes within tissue engineering across different organs.The central focus resides in the role of PCL:CTS-based scaffolds, elucidating their contribution to the evolution of advanced functional 3D frameworks tailored for tissue engineering across diverse organs.Moreover, this discourse delves into the considerations pertinent to each organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Esmaeili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-88349, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, TISSUEHUB Co., Tehran, Iran; Tissue Engineering Hub (TEHUB), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeedeh Zare Jalise
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Silvia Pisani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12,27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gaël Y Rochefort
- Bioengineering Biomodulation and Imaging of the Orofacial Sphere, 2BIOS, faculty of dentistry, tours university, France; UMR 1253, iBrain, Tours University, France
| | | | - Zeynab Mirzaei
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Correlative Microscopy e.V.INAM, Forchheim, Germany
| | | | - Mehdi Fathi
- Department of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Amir Tebyani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mousavi Nejad
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 Y074 Dublin, Ireland; Centre for medical engineering research, school of mechanical and manufacturing engineering, Dublin city university, D09 Y074 Dublin, Ireland
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Zhao F, Zhang Z, Guo W. The 3-dimensional printing for dental tissue regeneration: the state of the art and future challenges. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1356580. [PMID: 38456006 PMCID: PMC10917914 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1356580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Tooth loss or damage poses great threaten to oral and general health. While contemporary clinical treatments have enabled tooth restoration to a certain extent, achieving functional tooth regeneration remains a challenging task due to the intricate and hierarchically organized architecture of teeth. The past few decades have seen a rapid development of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, which has provided new breakthroughs in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative dentistry. This review outlined the bioactive materials and stem/progenitor cells used in dental regeneration, summarized recent advancements in the application of 3D printing technology for tooth and tooth-supporting tissue regeneration, including dental pulp, dentin, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and so on. It also discussed current obstacles and potential future directions, aiming to inspire innovative ideas and encourage further development in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Geng T, Xiao HC, Wang XC, Liu CT, Wu L, Guo YG, Dong BB, Turng LS. The Study on the Morphology and Compression Properties of Microcellular TPU/Nanoclay Tissue Scaffolds for Potential Tissue Engineering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3647. [PMID: 37688273 PMCID: PMC10563071 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) materials have shown promise in tissue engineering applications due to their mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, the addition of nanoclays to TPU can further enhance its properties. In this study, the effects of nanoclays on the microstructure, mechanical behavior, cytocompatibility, and proliferation of TPU/nanoclay (TPUNC) composite scaffolds were comprehensively investigated. The dispersion morphology of nanoclays within the TPU matrix was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the nanoclays exhibited a well-dispersed and intercalated structure, which contributed to the improved mechanical properties of the TPUNC scaffolds. Mechanical testing revealed that the addition of nanoclays significantly enhanced the compressive strength and elastic resilience of the TPUNC scaffolds. Cell viability and proliferation assays were conducted using MG63 cells cultured on the TPUNC scaffolds. The incorporation of nanoclays did not adversely affect cell viability, as evidenced by the comparable cell numbers between nanoclay-filled and unfilled TPU scaffolds. The presence of nanoclays within the TPUNC scaffolds did not disrupt cell adhesion or proliferation. The incorporation of nanoclays improved the dispersion morphology, enhanced mechanical performance, and maintained excellent biocompatibility. These findings suggest that TPUNC composites have great potential for tissue engineering applications, providing a versatile and promising scaffold material for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie Geng
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Automotive Composite Materials, School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450052, China; (T.G.); (H.-C.X.); (L.W.); (Y.-G.G.)
| | - Han-Chi Xiao
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Automotive Composite Materials, School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450052, China; (T.G.); (H.-C.X.); (L.W.); (Y.-G.G.)
| | - Xin-Chao Wang
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Automotive Composite Materials, School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450052, China; (T.G.); (H.-C.X.); (L.W.); (Y.-G.G.)
| | - Chun-Tai Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Lan Wu
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Automotive Composite Materials, School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450052, China; (T.G.); (H.-C.X.); (L.W.); (Y.-G.G.)
| | - Yong-Gang Guo
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Automotive Composite Materials, School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450052, China; (T.G.); (H.-C.X.); (L.W.); (Y.-G.G.)
| | - Bin-Bin Dong
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Lih-Sheng Turng
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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EzEldeen M, Moroni L, Nejad ZM, Jacobs R, Mota C. Biofabrication of engineered dento-alveolar tissue. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 148:213371. [PMID: 36931083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Oral health is essential for a good overall health. Dento-alveolar conditions have a high prevalence, ranging from tooth decay periodontitis to alveolar bone resorption. However, oral tissues exhibit a limited regenerative capacity, and full recovery is challenging. Therefore, regenerative therapies for dento-alveolar tissue (e.g., alveolar bone, periodontal membrane, dentin-pulp complex) have gained much attention, and novel approaches have been proposed in recent decades. This review focuses on the cells, biomaterials and the biofabrication methods used to develop therapies for tooth root bioengineering. Examples of the techniques covered are the multitude of additive manufacturing techniques and bioprinting approaches used to create scaffolds or tissue constructs. Furthermore, biomaterials and stem cells utilized during biofabrication will also be described for different target tissues. As these new therapies gradually become a reality in the lab, the translation to the clinic is still minute, with a further need to overcome multiple challenges and broaden the clinical application of these alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa EzEldeen
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven and Paediatric Dentistry and Special Dental Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Institute for Technology-inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Zohre Mousavi Nejad
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Nanotechnology and Advance Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, P.O. Box: 31787-316, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carlos Mota
- Institute for Technology-inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Cell–scaffold interactions in tissue engineering for oral and craniofacial reconstruction. Bioact Mater 2023; 23:16-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Tang W, Wang J, Hou H, Li Y, Wang J, Fu J, Lu L, Gao D, Liu Z, Zhao F, Gao X, Ling P, Wang F, Sun F, Tan H. Review: Application of chitosan and its derivatives in medical materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124398. [PMID: 37059277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Chitin is a natural polymeric polysaccharide extracted from marine crustaceans, and chitosan is obtained by removing part of the acetyl group (usually more than 60 %) in chitin's structure. Chitosan has attracted wide attention from researchers worldwide due to its good biodegradability, biocompatibility, hypoallergenic and biological activities (antibacterial, immune and antitumor activities). However, research has shown that chitosan does not melt or dissolve in water, alkaline solutions and general organic solvents, which greatly limits its application range. Therefore, researchers have carried out extensive and in-depth chemical modification of chitosan and prepared a variety of chitosan derivatives, which have expanded the application field of chitosan. Among them, the most extensive research has been conducted in the pharmaceutical field. This paper summarizes the application of chitosan and chitosan derivatives in medical materials over the past five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250001, Shandong, China
| | - Huiwen Hou
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaai Fu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Lu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Didi Gao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Zengmei Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Feiyan Zhao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Xinqing Gao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Peixue Ling
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; School of Pharmaceutical sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fengshan Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; School of Pharmaceutical sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Sun
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Haining Tan
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Carbohydrate, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China; School of Pharmaceutical sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
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Elline E, Ismiyatin K, Indah Budhy T, Bhardwaj A. The potential of eggshell hydroxyapatite, collagen, and EGCG (HAp-Col-EGCG) scaffold as a pulp regeneration material. Saudi Dent J 2022; 34:715-722. [PMID: 36570587 PMCID: PMC9767861 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hydrogel scaffold is a biomaterial that can facilitate cells in forming a tissue structure. It can promote cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Further research to find a new scaffold from natural resources is challenging, so this study aimed to characterize a hydrogel composite scaffold, which has the potential to be used as a regenerative material. Methods The formulation of HAp-Col-EGCG was mixed with different ratios of 1%, 2%, and 4% hydroxyapatite. We analyzed its injectability, pH, and gelation time. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to evaluate the surface morphologies, element composition, and chemical properties of HAp-Col-EGCG. Results The results showed that the injectability test was almost 90 % in all groups. There was no significant difference in the median value of the pH at 0, 20, and 60 min in all groups, but there was a significant difference at 40 min. The average gelation times in all groups were not significant. SEM-EDX showed a microporous scaffold, with the HAp particles well distributed in the collagen pores at a ratio of 1.9, 2.29, and 1.89 Ca/P. The FTIR results showed intermolecular bonds in the HAp-Col-EGCG scaffold. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that collagen and EGCG did not affect the crystal structure and size of HAp. Cytotoxicity test showed more dental pulp cell viability at the 4 % HAp concentration at 514.35 ± 15.45. Conclusion This study indicates that hydrogel scaffold from eggshell hydroxyapatite, collagen, and EGCG has a high potential for pulp regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elline Elline
- Student of Doctoral Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, Kyai Tapa Grogol No 26, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kun Ismiyatin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine. Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
- Corresponding authors at: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Airlangga University, 60132 Surabaya, Indonesia (K. Ismiyatin)
| | - Theresia Indah Budhy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine. Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Anuj Bhardwaj
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine. Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Rau, Indore, India
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3D Bioprinting of Polycaprolactone-Based Scaffolds for Pulp-Dentin Regeneration: Investigation of Physicochemical and Biological Behavior. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13244442. [PMID: 34960993 PMCID: PMC8707254 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, two structurally different scaffolds, a polycaprolactone (PCL)/45S5 Bioglass (BG) composite and PCL/hyaluronic acid (HyA) were fabricated by 3D printing technology and were evaluated for the regeneration of dentin and pulp tissues, respectively. Their physicochemical characterization was performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), contact angle, and compressive strength tests. The results indicated that the presence of BG in the PCL/BG scaffolds promoted the mechanical properties, surface roughness, and bioactivity. Besides, a surface treatment of the PCL scaffold with HyA considerably increased the hydrophilicity of the scaffolds which led to an enhancement in cell adhesion. Furthermore, the gene expression results showed a significant increase in expression of odontogenic markers, e.g., dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), osteocalcin (OCN), and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP-1) in the presence of both PCL/BG and PCL/HyA scaffolds. Moreover, to examine the feasibility of the idea for pulp-dentin complex regeneration, a bilayer PCL/BG-PCL/HyA scaffold was successfully fabricated and characterized by FESEM. Based on these results, it can be concluded that PCL/BG and PCL/HyA scaffolds have great potential for promoting hDPSC adhesion and odontogenic differentiation.
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Angellotti G, Presentato A, Murgia D, Di Prima G, D’Agostino F, Scarpaci AG, D’Oca MC, Alduina R, Campisi G, De Caro V. Lipid Nanocarriers-Loaded Nanocomposite as a Suitable Platform to Release Antibacterial and Antioxidant Agents for Immediate Dental Implant Placement Restorative Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122072. [PMID: 34959353 PMCID: PMC8706998 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immediate implant placement is a single-stage restorative approach for missing teeth widely used to overcome the ridge remodeling process occurring after dental extractions. The success of this procedure relies on opportune osseointegration in the surrounding tissues. To support this process, a multifunctional nanocomposite, to be applied in the fresh post-extraction socket, was here designed, prepared, and characterized. This formulation consists of quercetin (QRC)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) entrapped in a chitosan-based solid matrix containing ciprofloxacin (CPX). QRC-NLCs were prepared by homogenization followed by high-frequency sonication, and thereafter this dispersion was trapped in a chitosan-based CPX-loaded gel, obtaining the nanocomposite powder (BioQ-CPX) by lyophilization. BioQ-CPX displayed desirable properties such as high porosity (94.1 ± 0.5%), drug amounts (2.1% QRC and 3.5% CPX). and low swelling index (100%). Moreover, the mechanism of drug release from BioQ-CPX and their ability to be accumulated in the target tissue were in vitro and ex vivo elucidated, also by applying mathematical models. When trapped into the nanocomposite, QRC stressed under UV light exposure (50 W) was shown to maintain its antioxidant power, and CPX and QRC under natural light were stable over nine months. Finally, both the measured antioxidant power and the antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties on Staphylococcus aureus demonstrated that BioQ-CPX could be a promising platform to support the single-stage dental restorative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Angellotti
- Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Stomatologiche (DICHIRONS), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (A.P.); (D.M.); (G.D.P.); (A.G.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Alessandro Presentato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (A.P.); (D.M.); (G.D.P.); (A.G.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Denise Murgia
- Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Stomatologiche (DICHIRONS), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (A.P.); (D.M.); (G.D.P.); (A.G.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Giulia Di Prima
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (A.P.); (D.M.); (G.D.P.); (A.G.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Fabio D’Agostino
- Istituto per lo Studio degli Impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità dell’Ambiente Marino, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IAS-CNR), Campobello di Mazara, 91021 Trapani, Italy;
| | - Amalia Giulia Scarpaci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (A.P.); (D.M.); (G.D.P.); (A.G.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Maria Cristina D’Oca
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Rosa Alduina
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (A.P.); (D.M.); (G.D.P.); (A.G.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Giuseppina Campisi
- Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Stomatologiche (DICHIRONS), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Viviana De Caro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (A.P.); (D.M.); (G.D.P.); (A.G.S.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-09123891926
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The Application of Chitosan Nanostructures in Stomatology. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206315. [PMID: 34684896 PMCID: PMC8541323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) is a natural polymer with a positive charge, a deacetylated derivative of chitin. Chitosan nanostructures (nano-CS) have received increasing interest due to their potential applications and remarkable properties. They offer advantages in stomatology due to their excellent biocompatibility, their antibacterial properties, and their biodegradability. Nano-CSs can be applied as drug carriers for soft tissue diseases, bone tissue engineering and dental hard tissue remineralization; furthermore, they have been used in endodontics due to their antibacterial properties; and, finally, nano-CS can improve the adhesion and mechanical properties of dental-restorative materials due to their physical blend and chemical combinations. In this review, recent developments in the application of nano-CS for stomatology are summarized, with an emphasis on nano-CS’s performance characteristics in different application fields. Moreover, the challenges posed by and the future trends in its application are assessed.
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Mousavi SM, Nejad ZM, Hashemi SA, Salari M, Gholami A, Ramakrishna S, Chiang WH, Lai CW. Bioactive Agent-Loaded Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes for Accelerating Healing Process: A Review. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:702. [PMID: 34564519 PMCID: PMC8469443 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11090702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite the advances that have been achieved in developing wound dressings to date, wound healing still remains a challenge in the healthcare system. None of the wound dressings currently used clinically can mimic all the properties of normal and healthy skin. Electrospinning has gained remarkable attention in wound healing applications because of its excellent ability to form nanostructures similar to natural extracellular matrix (ECM). Electrospun dressing accelerates the wound healing process by transferring drugs or active agents to the wound site sooner. This review provides a concise overview of the recent developments in bioactive electrospun dressings, which are effective in treating acute and chronic wounds and can successfully heal the wound. We also discuss bioactive agents used to incorporate electrospun wound dressings to improve their therapeutic potential in wound healing. In addition, here we present commercial dressings loaded with bioactive agents with a comparison between their features and capabilities. Furthermore, we discuss challenges and promises and offer suggestions for future research on bioactive agent-loaded nanofiber membranes to guide future researchers in designing more effective dressing for wound healing and skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed-Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
| | - Zohre Mousavi Nejad
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz 71345-1583, Iran; (Z.M.N.); (A.G.)
| | - Seyyed Alireza Hashemi
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada;
| | - Marjan Salari
- Department of Civil Engineering, Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan CM7X+MCX, Iran;
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz 71345-1583, Iran; (Z.M.N.); (A.G.)
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore;
| | - Wei-Hung Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
| | - Chin Wei Lai
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya (UM), 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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12
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Sharma D, Mathur VP, Satapathy BK. Biodegradable and Biocompatible 3D Constructs for Dental Applications: Manufacturing Options and Perspectives. Ann Biomed Eng 2021; 49:2030-2056. [PMID: 34318403 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-021-02839-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Designing 3D constructs with appropriate materials and structural frameworks for complex dental restorative/regenerative procedures has always remained a multi-criteria optimization challenge. In this regard, 3D printing has long been known to be a potent tool for various tissue regenerative applications, however, the preparation of biocompatible, biodegradable, and stable inks is yet to be explored and revolutionized for overall performance improvisation. The review reports the currently employed manufacturing processes for the development of engineered self-supporting, easily processable, and cost-effective 3D constructs with target-specific tuneable mechanics, bioactivity, and degradability aspects in the oral cavity for their potential use in numerous dental applications ranging from soft pulp tissues to hard alveolar bone tissues. A hybrid synergistic approach, comprising of development of multi-layered, structurally stable, composite building blocks with desired physicomechanical performance and bioactivity presents an optimal solution to circumvent the major limitations and develop new-age advanced dental restorations and implants. Further, the review summarizes some manufacturing perspectives which may inspire the readers to design appropriate structures for clinical trials so as to pave the way for their routine applications in dentistry in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Sharma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Vijay Prakash Mathur
- Division of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Bhabani K Satapathy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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