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Napolitano M, Martora F, Antelmi A, Mowitz M, Scalvenzi M, Battista T, Patruno C. Allergic contact dermatitis to petrolatum: An unknown for patch testing. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 90:634-635. [PMID: 38448243 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- M Napolitano
- Section of Dermatology-Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - F Martora
- Section of Dermatology-Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - A Antelmi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - M Mowitz
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - M Scalvenzi
- Section of Dermatology-Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - T Battista
- Section of Dermatology-Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - C Patruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Kamrani P, Hedrick J, Marks JG, Zaenglein AL. Petroleum jelly: A comprehensive review of its history, uses, and safety. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:807-813. [PMID: 37315800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Petrolatum, also known as petroleum jelly, is a widely used topical agent, with a variety of uses in dermatology. Despite its popularity, many myths surround this ubiquitous dermatologic staple. This review details the history of petrolatum and how it is manufactured as well as how its biologic properties make it a great moisturizer. Additionally, data on its potential for flammability, allergenicity, and comedogenicity are detailed, dispelling misconceptions about petrolatum use around oxygen and as a cause of acne. The uses and benefits of petrolatum in dermatology are wide-ranging-a patch test instrument, a vehicle for medicated ointments, and a wound care essential. Given its ubiquitous presence, it is important for dermatologists to understand the history, safety profile, and myths surrounding this humble skincare staple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payvand Kamrani
- Department of Dermatology, Penn State/Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
| | - Jamie Hedrick
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James G Marks
- Department of Dermatology, Penn State/Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrea L Zaenglein
- Department of Dermatology, Penn State/Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania; Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Corazza M, Catani M, Franchina FA, Cavazzini A, Bianchi A, Borghi A, Pacetti L, Schettini N. Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Petrolatum: A Timeless Problem. Dermatitis 2024. [PMID: 38447127 DOI: 10.1089/derm.2024.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Corazza
- Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martina Catani
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Flavio Antonio Franchina
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Cavazzini
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Bianchi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Borghi
- Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Pacetti
- Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Natale Schettini
- Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) may occur secondary to topical antifungals containing potential allergens in their vehicles. Variation of allergenic ingredients among commonly used antifungal creams (AFCs) has not been well characterized. OBJECTIVE The study goal was to assess the frequency of allergenic ingredients in 4 commonly used topical AFCs. METHODS Topical AFCs (clotrimazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, and terbinafine) were selected, and the ingredient lists for these products were obtained from the US Food and Drug Administration's Online Label Repository via a proprietary name search. A systematic literature review was performed using the ingredient name on MEDLINE (PubMed) database to identify reports of ACD confirmed by patch testing. RESULTS Of the 20 ingredients analyzed, 6 had frequent allergenic potential. Propylene glycol was the most common cause of ACD identified in the literature and is an ingredient in ketoconazole 2% and miconazole nitrate 2%. Ketoconazole 2% and miconazole nitrate 2% creams contained the highest number of potential allergens (n = 3) among the 4 creams analyzed. CONCLUSIONS Of the 4 creams, terbinafine hydrochloride 1% and clotrimazole 1% contained the least number of potential allergenic ingredients. Awareness of the allergenic potential of commonly used AFCs may help health care providers when evaluating patients with ACD.
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Patch Testing Detection of Contact Allergens in Medical Treatments for Allergic Conjunctivitis. Dermatitis 2020; 32:e75-e76. [PMID: 33273235 DOI: 10.1097/der.0000000000000681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cohen SR, Cárdenas-de la Garza JA, Dekker P, Haidari W, Chisolm SS, Taylor SL, Feldman SR. Allergic Contact Dermatitis Secondary to Moisturizers. J Cutan Med Surg 2020; 24:350-359. [PMID: 32293193 DOI: 10.1177/1203475420919396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Moisturizers are cosmetic products used routinely to manage various skin conditions. Even though moisturizers are often thought to have minimal or no adverse reactions, allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to these products can develop in some cases. Methods: We studied ingredients included in 3 of the most commonly used moisturizer brands, identified their presence in standard patch testing series, and evaluated their allergenic potential, categorizing the allergens as frequent or infrequent. The standard patch testing series used as reference were the Thin-layer Rapid Use Epicutaneous patch test (T.R.U.E. test), the North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) screening standard series, and the American Contact Dermatitis Society (ACDS) core allergen series. Results: Aveeno, Cetaphil, and Cerave products had a total of 12, 14, and 9 potential allergens, respectively, the majority of which were infrequent and not included in standard patch testing series. Conclusion: Being aware of the allergenic potential of commonly used moisturizers may help healthcare providers when evaluating patients with ACD. Further testing is recommended in a targeted manner when suspecting ACD with negative standard patch testing series or when ACD is refractory to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie R Cohen
- 12280 Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jesús A Cárdenas-de la Garza
- 12280 Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Paige Dekker
- 12230 Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Wasim Haidari
- 12280 Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,12230 Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sarah S Chisolm
- 12239 Department of Dermatology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah L Taylor
- 12280 Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Steven R Feldman
- 12280 Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,12279 Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,12279 Department of Social Sciences & Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Chuberre B, Araviiskaia E, Bieber T, Barbaud A. Mineral oils and waxes in cosmetics: an overview mainly based on the current European regulations and the safety profile of these compounds. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33 Suppl 7:5-14. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Chuberre
- L'Oréal Cosmetique Active International Levallois‐Perret France
| | - E. Araviiskaia
- Department of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg St. Petersburg Russia
| | - T. Bieber
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - A. Barbaud
- AP‐HP.Sorbonne Université Tenon Hospital Department of Dermatology and Allergology Sorbonne University Paris France
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Hand Dermatitis: Utilizing Subtype Classification to Direct Intervention. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ALLERGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40521-016-0090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lee DH, Kim DY, Yoon SY, Park HS, Yoon HS, Cho S. Retrospective Clinical Trial of Fusidic Acid versus Petrolatum in the Postprocedure Care of Clean Dermatologic Procedures. Ann Dermatol 2015; 27:15-20. [PMID: 25673926 PMCID: PMC4323597 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2015.27.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clean dermatologic procedures create wounds with a low risk of infection (usually up to 5%). Whether the use of topical antibiotics is advocated, with regard to its efficacy and safety issues such as antibiotic resistance and sensitizing potential, is controversial. Fusidic acid, a topical antibiotic against gram-positive bacteria, is a rare sensitizer and commonly used in postprocedure care in Korea. OBJECTIVE This is a retrospective study aimed at comparing the efficacy and safety between fusidic acid and petrolatum for the postprocedure care of clean dermatologic procedures. METHODS Patients were treated with either fusidic acid or petrolatum ointment, applied on the wound created during clean dermatologic procedures such as biopsy of the punch, incisional, excisional, and shave types. The efficacy, adverse events, and subjective level of satisfaction were retrieved from medical records. RESULTS A total of 414 patients with a total of 429 wounds were enrolled. The overall rate of adverse events was 0.9%, and the rates of adverse events in the fusidic acid group and the petrolatum group were 1.4% and 0.5%, respectively (p=0.370). There was no wound discharge, pain, tenderness, swelling, induration, or dehiscence in both groups. The patients' self-assessment of the wound was not significantly different between the two treatment groups. CONCLUSION Our findings support the hypothesis that the routine prophylactic use of topical antibiotics is not indicated for clean dermatologic procedures. We recommend the use of petrolatum in the postoperative care of clean dermatologic procedures because of its equivalent efficacy and superior safety profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Young Yoon
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Sun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Sun Yoon
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soyun Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Chandra SA, Peterson RA, Melich D, Merrill CM, Bailey D, Mellon-Kusibab K, Adler R. Dermal irritation of petrolatum in rabbits but not in mice, rats or minipigs. J Appl Toxicol 2013; 34:857-61. [PMID: 23723039 DOI: 10.1002/jat.2895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Petrolatum is widely used in cosmetics, topical pharmaceuticals and also as a vehicle in dermal toxicity studies. New Zealand white rabbits treated with white petrolatum (vehicle control) in a 2-week dermal irritation study exhibited moderate to severe erythema starting on Day 7 that subsided towards the end of the study. Histological examination of abraded and non-abraded petrolatum-treated skin obtained at termination (Day 15) revealed mild acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, dermal edema with mixed inflammatory cells in the dermis. Macroscopic and microscopic features noted in rabbits were consistent with dermal irritation to petrolatum. Wistar-Han rats, CD1 mice, C57/Bl/6J mice and Göttingen minipigs treated topically with white petrolatum did not exhibit clinical or histologic evidence of dermal irritation. Therapeutic agents developed for topical application are generally tested in rabbits during some point in development. Interpretation of skin irritation data from a single species can impact risk assessment for humans and on product labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Chandra
- Safety Assessment, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
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Bekker M, Louw NR, Jansen Van Rensburg VJ, Potgieter J. The benefits of Fischer-Tropsch waxes in synthetic petroleum jelly. Int J Cosmet Sci 2012; 35:99-104. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Bekker
- Sasol Wax Research and Development; PO Box 1; Sasolburg; 1947; South Africa
| | - N. R. Louw
- Sasol Wax Research and Development; PO Box 1; Sasolburg; 1947; South Africa
| | | | - J. Potgieter
- Sasol Technology; PO Box 1; Sasolburg; 1947; South Africa
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Acute and impaired wound healing: pathophysiology and current methods for drug delivery, part 1: normal and chronic wounds: biology, causes, and approaches to care. Adv Skin Wound Care 2012; 25:304-14. [PMID: 22713781 DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000416006.55218.d0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 403] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This is the first installment of 2 articles that discuss the biology and pathophysiology of wound healing, review the role that growth factors play in this process, and describe current ways of growth factor delivery into the wound bed. Part 1 discusses the latest advances in clinicians' understanding of the control points that regulate wound healing. Importantly, biological similarities and differences between acute and chronic wounds are considered, including the signaling pathways that initiate cellular and tissue responses after injury, which may be impeded during chronic wound healing.
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