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Mótyán JA, Tőzsér J. The human retroviral-like aspartic protease 1 (ASPRV1): From in vitro studies to clinical correlations. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107634. [PMID: 39098535 PMCID: PMC11402058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The human retroviral-like aspartic protease 1 (ASPRV1) is a retroviral-like protein that was first identified in the skin due to its expression in the stratum granulosum layer of the epidermis. Accordingly, it is also referred to as skin-specific aspartic protease. Similar to the retroviral polyproteins, the full-length ASPRV1 also undergoes self-proteolysis, the processing of the precursor is necessary for the autoactivation of the protease domain. ASPRV1's functions are well-established at the level of the skin: it is part of the epidermal proteolytic network and has a significant contribution to skin moisturization via the limited proteolysis of filaggrin; it is only natural protein substrate identified so far. Filaggrin and ASPRV1 are also specific for mammalians, these proteins provide unique features for the skins of these species, and the importance of filaggrin processing in hydration is proved by the fact that some ASPRV1 mutations are associated with skin diseases such as ichthyosis. ASPRV1 was also found to be expressed in macrophage-like neutrophil cells, indicating that its functions are not limited to the skin. In addition, differential expression of ASPRV1 was detected in many diseases, with yet unknown significance. The currently known enzymatic characteristics-that had been revealed mainly by in vitro studies-and correlations with pathogenic phenotypes imply potentially important functions in multiple cell types, which makes the protein a promising target of functional studies. In this review we describe the currently available knowledge and future perspective in regard to ASPRV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- János András Mótyán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - József Tőzsér
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Zhu H, Lu H, Li T, Chen J. Identification of the differentially expressed activated memory CD4 + T-cells-related genes and ceRNAs in oral lichen planus. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33305. [PMID: 39022110 PMCID: PMC11252958 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic oral mucosal disease with 1.4 % malignant transformation rate, and its etiology especially immune pathogenesis remains unclear. This study was aimed at investigating the immune cells related molecular underlying the pathophysiology of OLP through bioinformatics analysis. Methods The dataset GSE52130 obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was conducted a comprehensive analysis in this study. The CIBERSORTx was used for investigating immune cells infiltration. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene ontology (GO) enrichment were performed for exploring the biological functions and gene annotation. The protein-protein interactions (PPI) were constructed by STRING database and visualized by Cytoscape software. The cytohubba plugin was utilized for screening hub genes. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was performed for evaluating diagnostic value of hub genes. The miRNAs, lncRNAs and drugs were respectively predicted by NetworkAnalyst, miRTarbase, ENCORI, and DGIdb database. Results This study identified 595 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The GSEA indicated keratinization, innate immune system and biological oxidation were involved in OLP. GO analysis showed extracellular matrix and keratinocyte were mainly enriched. And we found the activated memory CD4+ T cells were lowly infiltrated in OLP. We identified 101 activated memory CD4+ T-cells-related DEGs. Three hub genes (APP, IL1B, TF) were selected. APP and IL1B were significantly up-regulated, whereas TF was down-regulated in OLP. The three hub genes show high diagnostic value in OLP. Additionally, they were involved in MAPK signal, NF-kappaB signal and iron metabolism in OLP. What's more, NEAT1/XIST - miR - 15a - 5p/miR - 155-5p - APP/IL1B signal axis was focused in competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. In addition, 35 drugs were predicted for OLP. Conclusion Three activated memory CD4+ T-cells-related DEGs were identified by integrative analysis. It may provide novel insight into the pathogenesis of OLP and suggest potential therapeutic targets for OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanping Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyou Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Bian J, Yan J, Chen C, Yin L, Liu P, Zhou Q, Yu J, Liang Q, He Q. Development of an immune-related diagnostic predictive model for oral lichen planus. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37469. [PMID: 38489725 PMCID: PMC10939522 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) was a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology with a 1.4% chance of progressing to malignancy. However, it has been suggested in several studies that immune system disorders played a dominant role in the onset and progression of OLP. Therefore, this experiment aimed to develop a diagnostic prediction model for OLP based on immunopathogenesis to achieve early diagnosis and treatment and prevent cancer. In this study, 2 publicly available OLP datasets from the gene expression omnibus database were filtered. In the experimental group (GSE52130), the level of immune cell infiltration was assessed using MCPcounter and ssGSEA algorithms. Subsequently, differential expression analysis and gene set enrichment analysis were performed between the OLP and control groups. The resulting differentially expressed genes were intersected with immunologically relevant genes provided on the immunology database and analysis portal database (ImmPort) website to obtain differentially expressed immunologically relevant genes (DEIRGs). Furthermore, the gene ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analyses were carried out. Finally, protein-protein interaction network and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analyses constructed a model for OLP. Receiver operating characteristic curves for the experimental and validation datasets (GSE38616) were plotted separately to validate the model's credibility. In addition, real-time quantitative PCR experiment was performed to verify the expression level of the diagnostic genes. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed a more significant degree of inflammatory infiltration in the OLP group compared to the control group. In addition, the gene set enrichment analysis results were mainly associated with keratinization, antibacterial and immune responses, etc. A total of 774 differentially expressed genes was obtained according to the screening criteria, of which 65 were differentially expressed immunologically relevant genes. Ultimately, an immune-related diagnostic prediction model for OLP, which was composed of 5 hub genes (BST2, RNASEL, PI3, DEFB4A, CX3CL1), was identified. The verification results showed that the model has good diagnostic ability. There was a significant correlation between the 5 hub diagnostic biomarkers and immune infiltrating cells. The development of this model gave a novel insight into the early diagnosis of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Bian
- School of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayu Yan
- School of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chu Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Panpan Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Liang
- Department of Stomatology, Pengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pengzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingmei He
- Department of Neurological, Chongqing Shi Yong Chuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
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Soltaninezhad P, Arab F, Mohtasham N, FakherBaheri M, Kavishahi NN, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH, Zare-Mahmoodabadi R, Pakfetrat A, Taban KI, Mohajertehran F. Unveiling the Potential of Serum MiR-483-5p: A Promising Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in OLP and OSCC Patients by In silico Analysis of Differential Gene Expression. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:310-322. [PMID: 38310566 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128276149240108163407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral lichen planus (OLP) are two separate conditions affecting the mouth and result in varying clinical outcomes and levels of malignancy. Achieving early diagnosis and effective therapy planning requires the identification of reliable diagnostic biomarkers for these disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently received attention as powerful biomarkers for various illnesses, including cancer. In particular, miR-483-5p is a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in various cancers. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of serum miR-483-5p in the diagnosis and prognosis of OLP and OSCC patients by in silico analysis of differential gene expression. METHODS GSE23558 and GSE52130 data sets were selected, and differential gene expression analysis was performed using microarray data from GSE52130 and GSE23558. The analysis focused on comparing OLP and OSCC samples with normal samples. The genes intersected through the differential gene expression analysis were then extracted to determine the overlapping genes among the upregulated or downregulated DEGs. The downregulated genes among the DEGs were subsequently imported into the miRWalk database to search for potential target genes of miRNA 483-5p that lacked validation. To gain insight into the biological pathways associated with the DEGs, we conducted pathway analysis utilizing tools, such as Enrichr. Additionally, the cellular components associated with these DEGs were investigated by analyzing the String database. On the other hand, blood serum samples were collected from 35 OSCC patients, 34 OLP patients, and 34 healthy volunteers. The expression level of miR-483-5p was determined using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The Kruskal-Wallis test was utilized to investigate the considerable correlation. Moreover, this study explored the prognostic value of miR-483-5p through its association with clinicopathological parameters in OSCC patients. RESULTS The results showed that serum expression of miR-483-5p was considerably higher in OSCC patients compared to OLP patients and healthy controls (p 0.0001) and that this difference was statistically significant. Furthermore, elevated miR-483-5p expression was associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and stage of tumor nodal metastasis in OSCC patients (p 0.001, p 0.038, and p 0.0001, respectively). In silico analysis found 71 upregulated genes at the intersection of upregulated DEGs and 44 downregulated genes at the intersection of downregulated DEGs, offering insight into the potential underlying mechanisms of miR-483-5p's engagement in OSCC and OLP. The majority of these DEGs were found to be involved in autophagy pathways, but DEGs involved in the histidine metabolism pathway showed significant results. Most of these DEGs were located in the extracellular region. After screening for downregulated genes that were invalidated, miRNA 483-5p had 7 target genes. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the potential of serum miR-483-5p as a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in OSCC and OLP patients. Its upregulation in OSCC patients and its association with advanced tumor stage and potential metastasis suggest the involvement of miR-483-5p in critical signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation, making it a reliable indicator of disease progression. Nevertheless, additional experimental studies are essential to validate these findings and establish a foundation for the advancement of targeted therapies and personalized treatment approaches.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/blood
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Computer Simulation
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Lichen Planus, Oral/genetics
- Lichen Planus, Oral/blood
- Lichen Planus, Oral/diagnosis
- MicroRNAs/blood
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Mouth Neoplasms/genetics
- Mouth Neoplasms/blood
- Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Mouth Neoplasms/pathology
- Prognosis
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Arab
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nooshin Mohtasham
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadhossein FakherBaheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Abortion Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nima Nikbin Kavishahi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Reza Zare-Mahmoodabadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atessa Pakfetrat
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kiarash Izadi Taban
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnaz Mohajertehran
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Kim TJ, Kim YG, Jung W, Jang S, Ko HG, Park CH, Byun JS, Kim DY. Non-Coding RNAs as Potential Targets for Diagnosis and Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Narrative Review. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1646. [PMID: 38002328 PMCID: PMC10669845 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by the infiltration of T cells into the oral mucosa, causing the apoptosis of basal keratinocytes. OLP is a multifactorial disease of unknown etiology and is not solely caused by the malfunction of a single key gene but rather by various intracellular and extracellular factors. Non-coding RNAs play a critical role in immunological homeostasis and inflammatory response and are found in all cell types and bodily fluids, and their expression is closely regulated to preserve normal physiologies. The dysregulation of non-coding RNAs may be highly implicated in the onset and progression of diverse inflammatory disorders, including OLP. This narrative review summarizes the role of non-coding RNAs in molecular and cellular changes in the oral epithelium during OLP pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Jun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Gyung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jung
- Department of Oral Medicine, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungil Jang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Gon Ko
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Ho Park
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Byun
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
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de Lanna CA, da Silva BNM, de Melo AC, Bonamino MH, Alves LDB, Pinto LFR, Cardoso AS, Antunes HS, Boroni M, Cohen Goldemberg D. Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma share key oncogenic signatures. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20645. [PMID: 36450755 PMCID: PMC9712651 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24801-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate similarities in the gene profile of Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma that may justify a carcinogenic potential, we analyzed the gene expression signatures of Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in early and advanced stages. Based on gene expression data from public databases, we used a bioinformatics approach to compare expression profiles, estimate immune infiltrate composition, identify differentially and co-expressed genes, and propose putative therapeutic targets and associated drugs. Our results revealed gene expression patterns related to processes of keratinization, keratinocyte differentiation, cell proliferation and immune response in common between Oral Lichen Planus and early and advanced Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, with the cornified envelope formation and antigen processing cross-presentation pathways in common between Oral Lichen Planus and early Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Together, these results reveal that key tumor suppressors and oncogenes such as PI3, SPRR1B and KRT17, as well as genes associated with different immune processes such as CXCL13, HIF1A and IL1B are dysregulated in OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóvão Antunes de Lanna
- grid.419166.dLaboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Division of Experimental and Translational Research, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, 20231-050 Brazil
| | - Beatriz Nascimento Monteiro da Silva
- grid.419166.dDivision of Clinical Research and Technological Development of the National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Andreia Cristina de Melo
- grid.419166.dDivision of Clinical Research and Technological Development of the National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Martín H. Bonamino
- grid.419166.dImmunology and Tumor Biology Program-Research Coordination, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ,grid.418068.30000 0001 0723 0931Presidency of Research and Biological Collections (VPPCB), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lísia Daltro Borges Alves
- grid.419166.dDivision of Clinical Research and Technological Development of the National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto
- grid.419166.dMolecular Carcinogenesis Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Abel Silveira Cardoso
- grid.8536.80000 0001 2294 473XDepartment of Oral Pathology and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Héliton Spíndola Antunes
- grid.419166.dDivision of Clinical Research and Technological Development of the National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Mariana Boroni
- grid.419166.dLaboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Division of Experimental and Translational Research, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, 20231-050 Brazil ,grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Experimental Medicine Research Cluster (EMRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Daniel Cohen Goldemberg
- grid.419166.dDivision of Clinical Research and Technological Development of the National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG)-Head and Neck, University College London (UCL), London, UK
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Soler-Ferran D, Louis F, Woo SB, Greenberg SA. Infiltration of Mature KLRG1 Expressing Cytotoxic T Cells in Oral Lichen Planus. Head Neck Pathol 2022; 16:1124-1129. [PMID: 35904747 PMCID: PMC9729675 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-022-01472-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting oral mucosa. Its pathogenesis includes T cell infiltration. T cells may be naïve or in response to antigen stimulation, progress through differentiation stages. The differentiated states of T cells in OLP mucosa have not previously been reported. METHODS Available OLP microarray gene expression data from Gene Expression Omnibus were analyzed for markers of T cell cytotoxicity. Immunohistochemical studies of T cell subset markers CD4 and CD8 and the T cell differentiation marker killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1) were performed on paraffin embedded formalin fixed oral mucosa biopsy samples from 10 patients with OLP. RESULTS Gene expression analysis of OLP oral mucosa samples disclosed increased transcript expression of KLRG1, CD8A, and granzyme K (GZMK). By immunohistochemistry, prominent CD4 + and CD8 + T cell infiltration was seen in all patient samples. KLRG1 + T cells were abundant, constituting a mean of 51% (range 40-65%) of the number of CD8 + T cells. KLRG1 + T cells localized at the epithelium and lamina propria junction, infiltrating both basal and intraepithelial regions and adjacent to both basal and intraepithelial keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS OLP oral mucosa T cell infiltration includes KLRG1 + highly differentiated cytotoxic T cells, suggesting continued antigen exposure driving T cells to a highly differentiated phenotype. The known phenotype of these cells, together with microarray detected increases in cytotoxic molecules, suggests that highly differentiated cytotoxic T cells contribute to oral mucosa injury in OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sook-Bin Woo
- Center for Oral Pathology, StrataDx, Lexington, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Greenberg
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuromuscular Disease, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Jung W, Jang S. Oral Microbiome Research on Oral Lichen Planus: Current Findings and Perspectives. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050723. [PMID: 35625451 PMCID: PMC9138428 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Oral lichen planus is a disease of the oral mucosa, which frequently affects women aged 40 years or older. Though the T cell-mediated immune response is involved in the development of oral lichen planus, attempts to identify a microorganism that causes the disease have been unsuccessful. Recent studies on the development of oral lichen planus are focusing on the role of the oral microbiome, which includes oral microbiota and their products, and the host environment. The role of the human microbiome in various diseases has been identified and regulating the microbiome is becoming important in personalized medicine. In this review, we summarized current findings on the role of the oral microbiome in the development of oral lichen planus. The homeostasis of the oral microbiome is disrupted in patients, and functional analysis of oral microbiota and oral mucosa implies that pathways involved in defense against bacterial infection and in the inflammatory response are activated in the oral lichen planus-associated oral microbiome. Though the lack of studies to date makes it difficult to conclude, further studies on the oral microbiome associated with the disease will enable a holistic understanding of the role of the oral microbiome in the development of oral lichen planus and developing a personalized therapy for the disease. Abstract Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa with an unknown etiology. The role of oral microbes in the development of OLP has gained researchers’ interest. In this review, we summarized the findings of studies focused on the relationship between OLP and oral microbiome, which includes the composition of oral microbiota, molecules produced by oral microbiota or the host, and the oral environment of the host. According to the studies, the oral microbial community in OLP patients undergoes dysbiosis, and the microbial dysbiosis in OLP patients is more prominent in the buccal mucosa than in the saliva. However, no same microorganisms have been suggested to be associated with OLP in multiple investigations, implying that the functional aspects of the oral microbiota are more important in OLP development than the composition of the oral microbiota. According to studies on host factors that make up the oral environment, signal pathways involved in cellular processes, such as keratinization, inflammation, and T cell responses are triggered in OLP. Studies on the functional aspects of the oral microbiota, as well as interactions between the host and the oral microbiota, are still lacking, and more research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Jung
- Department of Oral Medicine, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 54907, Korea;
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 54907, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju-si 54907, Korea
| | - Sungil Jang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 54907, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-270-4027
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Wang W, Wang M, Ahmed MMS, Zhao Y, Wu H, Musa M, Chen X. FAM3B Serves as a Biomarker for the Development and Malignancy of Oral Lichen Planus. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:763-776. [PMID: 35082524 PMCID: PMC8786364 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s346617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a potentially malignant condition with unclear etiology. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers and mechanisms for OLP progression through bioinformatics analyses. METHODS Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were screened to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between OLP patients and healthy individuals. The functions and enriched pathways of the DEGs were identified. Sequencing dataset GSE70665 was then used to analyze the role of DEGs in the development of OLP to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Oncomine and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases were utilized to evaluate clinicopathological characters of OSCC. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to identify independent prognostic factors. RESULTS A total of 24 DEGs were identified between OLP and normal samples. FAM3B was under-expressed in OLP compared with normal samples and was further significantly downregulated in OSCC compared with OLP. Under-expression of FAM3B was significantly correlated with tumor stage and disease-specific survival (DSS), progression-free interval (PFI) and overall survival (OS) of OSCC patients. With univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, FAM3B was an independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSION Under-expression of FAM3B was associated with the development and malignancy of OLP. FAM3B may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Wang
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Wang
- Anesthesiology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Madiha Mohammed Saleh Ahmed
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunshan Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mazen Musa
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
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Zeng X, Luo X, Mao X, Wen D, Zhang H, Wang J. Inflammatory and immune-related factor Caspase 1 contributes to the development of oral lichen planus. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 131:105244. [PMID: 34481194 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed at underlying the potential regulatory mechanism and overall biological functions of caspase 1 (CASP1) in oral lichen planus (OLP). DESIGN Buccal mucosa tissue samples were gained from healthy subjects or patients diagnosed with OLP. Immunochemical staining was applied to detect CASP1 in OLP tissues. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to construct OLP in vitro models. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assay were applied to detecte cell viability and apoptosis. RESULTS The upregulation of CASP1 in OLP has been identified through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and verified in clinical samples. In OLP tissues, inflammation-related factors, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-18, were elevated and positively correlated with CASP1. In HaCaT cells, LPS stimulation induced CASP1 upregulation, suppressed cell viability, facilitated cell apoptosis, and elevated the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18; silencing of CASP1 attenuated LPS-induced damages to HaCaT cells. Pearson's correlation analysis identified that 45 immune-related genes were positively correlated with CASP1; these 45 genes were enriched in the immune system process, associated with combined immunodeficiency, and spleen-specific and CD56 + NK cell-specific. PPI network among CASP1 and correlated immune-related factors was constructed, and CASP1 was positively correlated with RAC2, CYBB, and ARHGDIB. In HaCaT cells, LPS stimulation induced RAC2, CYBB, and ARHGDIB expression, whereas knocking down CASP1 attenuated LPS-induced increases in RAC2, CYBB, and ARHGDIB. CONCLUSION CASP1 is upregulated in OLP tissues. Knockdown of CASP1 in HaCaT cells could protect HaCaT cells from LPS-induced inflammatory injury. Comprehensive bioinformatics indicates that the interaction of CASP1 with RAC2, CYBB, and ARHGDIB, might be the potential molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefang Zeng
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China; Department of Immunology, Yueyang Vocational Technigal College, Yueyang, 414000, Hunan, China
| | - Xue Luo
- Department of Immunology, Yueyang Vocational Technigal College, Yueyang, 414000, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Mao
- Department of Immunology, Yueyang Vocational Technigal College, Yueyang, 414000, Hunan, China
| | - Dada Wen
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Huamin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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Crosstalk between the oral microbiota, mucosal immunity, and the epithelial barrier regulates oral mucosal disease pathogenesis. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:1247-1258. [PMID: 34040155 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00413-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oral mucosal disease (OMD), which is also called soft tissue oral disease, is described as a series of disorders or conditions affecting the mucosa and soft tissue in the oral cavity. Its etiology is unclear, but emerging evidence has implicated the influence of the composition of the oral mucosa and saliva-resident microbiota. In turn, this dysbiosis effects the immune response balance and epithelial barrier function, followed by the occurrence and progression of OMD. In addition, oral microbial dysbiosis is diverse in different types of diseases and different disease progressions, suggesting that key causal pathogens may exist in various oral pathologies. This narrative literature review primarily discusses the most recent findings focusing on how microbial dysbiosis communicates with mucosal adaptive immune cells and the epithelial barrier in the context of five representative OMDs, including oral candidiasis (OC), oral lichen planus (OLP), recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU), oral leukoplakia (OLK), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), to provide new insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms of OMDs.
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Abstract
Objectives Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease recognized as an oral potential malignant disorder (OPMD) with the precise mechanism unknown. This study focused on the transcriptional profiles of OLP to elucidate its potential pathogenesis. Methods We conducted RNA sequencing on matched 6 OLP tissues and 6 normal oral mucosal tissues. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed on differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We utilized qRT-PCR to validated the top dysregulated genes and hub genes in another 10 pairs of specimens. Results A total of 153 DEGs (p-values< 0.05) were detected from RNA-Seq. According to GO and KEGG analysis, the dysregulated genes were mainly related to T cell related pathway and Wnt signaling. Based on the WGCNA analysis, 5 modules with high intramodular connectivity and hub genes in each module were gained. Conclusions RNA-Seq and bioinformatic methods offered a valuable understanding of the biological pathways and key genes in the regulation of OLP. The identified DEGs and hub genes categorized into 2 groups including T cell regulation and inflammation and Wnt signaling pathway may serve as potential novel molecular targets for therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41065-021-00202-z.
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Vo PTD, Choi SS, Park HR, Lee A, Jeong SH, Choi Y. Gene signatures associated with barrier dysfunction and infection in oral lichen planus identified by analysis of transcriptomic data. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257356. [PMID: 34506598 PMCID: PMC8432868 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the most prevalent oral mucosal diseases, but there is no cure for OLP yet. The aim of this study was to gain insights into the role of barrier dysfunction and infection in OLP pathogenesis through analysis of transcriptome datasets available in public databases. Two transcriptome datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and analyzed as whole and as partial sets after removing outliers. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upregulated in the dataset of OLP versus healthy epithelium were significantly enriched in epidermal development, keratinocyte differentiation, keratinization, responses to bacterial infection, and innate immune response. In contrast, the upregulated DEGs in the dataset of the mucosa predominantly reflected chemotaxis of immune cells and inflammatory/immune responses. Forty-three DEGs overlapping in the two datasets were identified after removing outliers from each dataset. The overlapping DEGs included genes associated with hyperkeratosis (upregulated LCE3E and TMEM45A), wound healing (upregulated KRT17, IL36G, TNC, and TGFBI), barrier defects (downregulated FRAS1 and BCL11A), and response to infection (upregulated IL36G, ADAP2, DFNA5, RFTN1, LITAF, and TMEM173). Immunohistochemical examination of IL-36γ, a protein encoded by one of the DEGs IL36G, in control (n = 7) and OLP (n = 25) tissues confirmed the increased expression of IL-36γ in OLP. Collectively, we identified gene signatures associated with hyperkeratosis, wound healing, barrier defects, and response to infection in OLP. IL-36γ, a cytokine involved in both wound repair and antimicrobial defense, may be a possible therapeutic target in OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuc Thi-Duy Vo
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Shim Choi
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Ryoun Park
- Department of Oral Pathology, Pusan National University School of Dentistry, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahreum Lee
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Jeong
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental and Life Science Institute, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Dentistry, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (SHJ); (YC)
| | - Youngnim Choi
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (SHJ); (YC)
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Rankin L, Gouveia-Figueira S, Danielsson KP, Fowler CJ. Relative Deficiency of Anti-Inflammatory N-Acylethanolamines Compared to Prostaglandins in Oral Lichen Planus. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8110481. [PMID: 33172176 PMCID: PMC7694776 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory oromucosal disease. The N-acylethanolamines (NAEs), are a family of endogenous biologically active lipid mediators, with palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) being of particular interest here due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. In this study using oral mucosa biopsies from OLP patients and healthy controls, we investigated whether NAE synthesis was mobilized in response to the inflammation associated with OLP. PTGS2 levels, coding for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), were increased approximately 4-fold in OLP compared to controls and a significant increase in the ratio of PTGS2 to NAPEPLD, the latter coding for a key enzyme in NAE synthesis, was seen. This was matched by an increased ratio of COX-2-derived prostaglandins to PEA in a second patient cohort. We conclude that there is an imbalance between prostaglandins and PEA in OLP, opening up the possibility that PEA might be a useful treatment for this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Rankin
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden;
| | | | - Karin P. Danielsson
- Department of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden;
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christopher J. Fowler
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-90-786-7297
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15
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Schreurs O, Karatsaidis A, Balta MG, Grung B, Hals EKB, Schenck K. Expression of keratins 8, 18, and 19 in epithelia of atrophic oral lichen planus. Eur J Oral Sci 2020; 128:7-17. [PMID: 31994252 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Keratins form intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton in keratinocytes and have roles in cell structure, signaling, intracellular transport, and cell death. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an oral inflammatory disease with derangements in basal keratinocytes and disruption of the basal membrane. Here, we focused on epithelial expression of keratins 8, 18, and 19 because these proteins are known to modulate cell death. Biopsies were taken from buccal oral mucosa of persons with normal oral mucosa (n = 10) or atrophic OLP (n = 10). Cultured normal oral keratinocytes (n = 4) showed expression of mRNA and protein for keratins 8, 18, and 19. Immunohistochemistry showed consistent staining for keratins 8 and 18 in basal keratinocytes of normal oral mucosa. In OLP, staining for keratin (K)8 was mostly negative and staining for K18 was weak. Keratin 19 was expressed irregularly in most biopsies of normal oral mucosa and not at all in OLP. Several mononuclear leukocytes in the cellular infiltrate showed membrane staining for K8 and K18. Positive staining for K16 confirmed partial collapse of the basal cell layer in OLP. The basal cell niche in OLP therefore appeared to be partly populated with keratinocytes demonstrating a higher degree of differentiation (K8- K18- K19- K16+ ); consequently, such areas may be more susceptible to the action of cell death factors released from the cell infiltrate as a result of lacking the protective, normal keratin present in the basal epithelial cell layer of normal oral mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olav Schreurs
- The CrossTalk Group, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Karatsaidis
- The CrossTalk Group, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria G Balta
- The CrossTalk Group, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Else K B Hals
- TannSpes and Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karl Schenck
- The CrossTalk Group, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Khurana A, Tandon S, Marfatia YS, Madnani N. Genital lichen planus: An underrecognized entity. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2020; 40:105-112. [PMID: 31922099 PMCID: PMC6896385 DOI: 10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_45_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Genital lichen planus (LP) is an underrecogonized dermatosis. The appearance is often unlike classical LP elsewhere, and hence, the condition goes undiagnosed in many. Vulvo-vaginal LP in particular, can be a distressing condition often leading to scarring and a poor quality of life. Treatment for most of the genital LP variants is similar to managing LP elsewhere; however, the erosive variant requires special attention as treatment outcomes are often disappointing and the disease runs a protracted course. Potential for development of malignancy also exists, as in oral LP, and hence close follow up is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananta Khurana
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sidharth Tandon
- Department of Dermatology, Santosh Medical College, Gaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yogesh S Marfatia
- Department of Dermatology, Government Medical College, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Nina Madnani
- Department of Dermatology, P. D. Hinduja National Hospital and Sir H. N. Reliance Foundation Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Hämäläinen L, Soini Y, Pasonen-Seppänen S, Siponen M. Alterations in the expression of EMT-related proteins claudin-1, claudin-4 and claudin-7, E-cadherin, TWIST1 and ZEB1 in oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med 2019; 48:735-744. [PMID: 31228209 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic T-cell-mediated inflammatory disease, which is associated with increased risk of developing oral squamous cell carcinoma. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is a physiological phenomenon occurring during growth and organogenesis, but it has also an important role in tumorigenesis. In the present work, we studied the expression of known epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers in oral lichen planus. METHODS In total, 54 oral lichen planus and 22 control samples were analyzed for epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers. Samples were immunohistochemically stained for claudin-1, claudin-4 and claudin-7, cadherin-1 (E-cadherin), Twist-related protein 1 (TWIST1) and zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1). RESULTS The expression of claudin-1, claudin-4 and E-cadherin was significantly weaker in oral lichen planus epithelium compared to controls (P < 0.001). The quantity of claudin-7-expressing cells (P < 0.001) and claudin-7 staining intensity (P < 0.05) in the stroma was greater in lichen planus than in control samples. TWIST1 and ZEB1 stainings were negative in the epithelium in both lichen planus and controls. The number of TWIST1-expressing cells in the stroma was higher in lichen planus than in controls (P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in ZEB1 staining intensity in the stroma between lichen planus and control samples (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The data indicate that the expression of claudin-1, claudin-4 and E-cadherin is decreased in oral lichen planus. This may lead to disturbance in epithelial tight junctions, cell-cell connections and epithelial permeability, contributing to oral lichen planus pathogenesis. Based on the present study, the role of TWIST1 and ZEB1 in oral lichen planus remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Hämäläinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ylermi Soini
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sanna Pasonen-Seppänen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Siponen
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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18
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Nowwarote N, Osathanon T. Dysregulation of Notch signaling related genes in oral lichen planus. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Zhan Y, Zhou S, Li Y, Mu S, Zhang R, Song X, Lin F, Zhang R, Zhang B. Using the BITOLA system to identify candidate molecules in the interaction between oral lichen planus and depression. Behav Brain Res 2017; 320:136-142. [PMID: 27913255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Exacerbations of oral lichen planus (OLP) have been linked to the periods of psychological stress, anxiety and depression. The specific mechanism of the interaction is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the candidate genes or molecules that play important roles in the interaction between OLP and depression. The BITOLA system was used to search all intermediate concepts relevant to the "Gene or Gene Product" for OLP and depression, and the gene expression data and tissue-specific gene data along with manual checking were then employed to filter the intermediate concepts. Finally, two genes (NCAM1, neural cell adhesion molecule 1; CD4, CD4 molecule) passed the follow-up inspection. By using the text mining can formulate a new hypothesis: NCAM1 and CD4 were identified as involved or potentially involved in the interaction between OLP and depression. These results offer a new clue for the experimenters and hold promise for developing innovative therapeutic strategies for these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Zhan
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sen Mu
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- Colleges of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xuejing Song
- Department of Stomatology, The Central Hospital of Liaoyang City, Liaoyang 111000, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ruimin Zhang
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosa, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China; Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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20
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Wang Y, Tatakis DN. Human gingiva transcriptome during wound healing. J Clin Periodontol 2017; 44:394-402. [PMID: 28005267 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the gene expression profile of human gingiva following surgical wounding. METHODS Ten volunteers had one side of the palate wounded. Five days later, biopsies were harvested from both wounded (healing gingiva) and contra-lateral site (normal gingiva). Tissue samples were processed for gene expression (RNA-Seq, real-time PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Gene set enrichment/pathway analysis was also performed. RESULTS Seven hundred genes were significantly differentially expressed in healing gingiva. Among genes with >twofold change (FC) in expression, 399 genes were up-regulated and 88 down-regulated, several not previously reported expressed in gingiva. Most increased in expression (≥30-FC) were MMP1, CCL18, SPP1, MUC21, CTHRC1, MMP10, and SERPINE1; most decreased (≥7-FC) were COCH, SIAH3, MT4, IGFL3, KY, and SYT16. Real-time PCR confirmed significantly changed mRNA levels for selective genes tested. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed several significantly enriched biological pathways. Immunohistochemistry confirmed protein expression of MUC21, CTHRC1, CTGF, and SYT16 in normal and healing gingiva. CONCLUSIONS This first comprehensive analysis of the human gingival transcriptome during surgical wound healing offers novel insights into the participating molecular and biological mechanisms. The present results could serve as basis for future investigations into gingival wound healing following surgical, traumatic, or other type of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dimitris N Tatakis
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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The presence of bacteria within tissue provides insights into the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29186. [PMID: 27383402 PMCID: PMC4935860 DOI: 10.1038/srep29186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic T cell-mediated mucocutaneous disease of unknown etiopathogenesis. Although various antigens have been considered, what actually triggers the inflammatory response of T cells is unknown. In the present study, we propose that intracellular bacteria present within tissues trigger T cell infiltration and provide target antigens. Sections of OLP (n = 36) and normal (n = 10) oral mucosal tissues were subjected to in situ hybridization using a universal probe targeting the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and immunohistochemistry with anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti-CD8, and anti-macrophage-specific antibodies. Bacteria were abundant throughout the epithelium and the lamina propria of OLP tissues, which exhibited positive correlations with the levels of infiltrated CD3(+), CD4(+), and CD8(+) cells. Furthermore, bacteria were detected within the infiltrated T cells. Pyrosequencing analysis of the mucosal microbiota from OLP patients (n = 13) and control subjects (n = 11) revealed a decrease in Streptococcus and increases in gingivitis/periodontitis-associated bacteria in OLP lesions. Using the selected bacterial species, we demonstrated that certain oral bacteria damage the epithelial physical barrier, are internalized into epithelial cells or T cells, and induce production of T cell chemokines CXCL10 and CCL5. Our findings provide insights into the pathogenesis of OLP.
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22
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Liu Q, Liu Y, Wang X, Xu J, Zhou W. Genes involved in keratinization, keratinocyte and epithelium differentiation are aberrantly regulated in oral lichen planus. Genes Genomics 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-015-0303-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lundegard M, Nylander K, Danielsson K. Difficulties detecting miRNA-203 in human whole saliva by the use of PCR. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2015; 20:e130-4. [PMID: 25475777 PMCID: PMC4393973 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.20172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a chronic disease of the oral mucosa, and according to the WHO also a pre malignant condition. Micro-RNAs are short non coding RNAs capable of regulating mRNA expression. MiRNA:scan be detected in tissue, blood and human whole saliva (HWS) and recently we have shown miR-203 to be up-regulated in tissue from OLP lesions.
Study Design: In order to see whether mRNA as well as miR-203 could be detected also in HWS, saliva from healthy controls and patients with OLP were analysed using two different PCR methods.
Results: Results showed low mRNA and miRNA levels in general in HWS samples, making it hard to generate conclusive results.
Conclusions: In order to make HWS a valuable source for different analyses, more sensitive PCR techniques capable of detecting very low levels of mRNAand miRNAas well as more efficient methods for extraction of RNA are needed.
Key words:miRNA-203, saliva, PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lundegard
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden,
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