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Alysandratos K, Asadi S, Angelidou A, Zhang B, Sismanopoulos N, Yang H, Critchfield A, Theoharides TC. Neurotensin and CRH interactions augment human mast cell activation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48934. [PMID: 23155429 PMCID: PMC3498358 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress affects immunity, but the mechanism is not known. Neurotensin (NT) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) are secreted under stress in various tissues, and have immunomodulatory actions. We had previously shown that NT augments the ability of CRH to increase mast cell-dependent skin vascular permeability in rodents. Here we show that NT triggered human mast cell degranulation and significantly augmented CRH-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release. Investigation of various signaling molecules indicated that only NF-κB activation was involved. These effects were blocked by pretreatment with the NTR antagonist SR48692. NT induced expression of CRH receptor-1 (CRHR-1), as shown by Western blot and FACS analysis. Interestingly, CRH also induced NTR gene and protein expression. These results indicate unique interactions among NT, CRH, and mast cells that may contribute to auto-immune and inflammatory diseases that worsen with stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos–Dionysios Alysandratos
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Allergy Clinical Research Center, Allergy Section, Attikon General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shahrzad Asadi
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacy, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Asimenia Angelidou
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Allergy Clinical Research Center, Allergy Section, Attikon General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bodi Zhang
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Maternal/Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nikolaos Sismanopoulos
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Allergy Clinical Research Center, Allergy Section, Attikon General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Hailing Yang
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Agatha Critchfield
- Division of Maternal/Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Theoharis C. Theoharides
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Allergy Clinical Research Center, Allergy Section, Attikon General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Donelan J, Boucher W, Papadopoulou N, Lytinas M, Papaliodis D, Dobner P, Theoharides TC. Corticotropin-releasing hormone induces skin vascular permeability through a neurotensin-dependent process. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:7759-64. [PMID: 16682628 PMCID: PMC1472518 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0602210103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many skin disorders are associated with increased numbers of activated mast cells and are worsened by stress; however, the mechanism underlying these processes is not understood. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is secreted under stress from the hypothalamus, but also in the skin, where it induces mast cell activation and vascular permeability. We investigated the effect of CRH in a number of animal models by using i.v. Evans blue extravasation as a marker of vascular permeability. Intradermal CRH is among the most potent peptides at 100 nM, its effect being nearly comparable to that of neurotensin (NT). Pretreatment of skin injection sites with the NT receptor antagonist SR48692 blocks CRH-induced vascular permeability, which is diminished in NT-/- mice, implying that NT is necessary for the effect of CRH. CRH and NT precursor mRNA are shown to be expressed in both dorsal root ganglia and skin, whereas the latter also expresses mRNA for prohormone convertase 5, an enzyme that cleaves pro-NT into its active form. We also show that the effect of both CRH and NT is absent in W/W(v) mast cell-deficient mice; however, only a fraction of skin mast cells express CRH receptors, as shown by FACS analysis of CRH receptor (CRHR) and c-kit double-positive disaggregated mouse skin mast cells. These findings suggest that CRH induces skin vascular permeability through NT acting on mast cells and that both peptides should be considered in the pathogenesis of skin disorders exacerbated by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Donelan
- Departments of *Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul Dobner
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655
| | - Theoharis C. Theoharides
- Departments of *Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
- Biochemistry, and
- Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts–New England Medical Center, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111; and
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