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Currie HAL, Flores Martin N, Espindola Garcia G, Davis FM, Kemp PS. A mechanical approach to understanding the impact of the nematode Anguillicoloides crassus on the European eel swimbladder. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb219808. [PMID: 32748794 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.219808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the most detrimental factors in the drastic decline of the critically endangered European eel (Anguilla anguilla) was the inadvertent introduction of the invasive nematode Anguillicoloides crassus Infection primarily affects the swimbladder, a gas-filled organ that enables the eel to control its depth in the water. A reduction in swimbladder function may be fatal for eel undergoing their spawning migration to the Sargasso Sea, a journey of over 5000 km. Although the physiological damage caused by this invasive parasite is well studied through the use of quantifiable gross pathological indices, providing a good measure of the swimbladder health status, they cannot separate the role of mechanical and morphological damage. Our study examined the appropriateness of three commonly used indices as a measure of mechanical damage by performing uniaxial tensile tests on swimbladder specimens obtained from an infected eel population. When the test results were compared with the gross pathological indices it was found that thickness correlated most strongly with mechanical damage, both confirming and, more importantly, explaining the counterintuitive findings of earlier work. In a damaged swimbladder, the immune response leads to a trade-off; increasing wall thickness raises the pressure required for organ rupture but decreases strength. The results indicate that for moderate infection the mechanical integrity of the swimbladder can be maintained. For severe infection, however, a reduction in mechanical integrity may reach a tipping point, thereby affecting the successful completion of their oceanic migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen A L Currie
- International Centre for Ecohydraulics Research, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Boldrewood Innovation Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 7QF, UK
| | - Nicholas Flores Martin
- International Centre for Ecohydraulics Research, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Boldrewood Innovation Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 7QF, UK
| | - Gerardo Espindola Garcia
- International Centre for Ecohydraulics Research, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Boldrewood Innovation Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 7QF, UK
| | - Frances M Davis
- International Centre for Ecohydraulics Research, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Boldrewood Innovation Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 7QF, UK
| | - Paul S Kemp
- International Centre for Ecohydraulics Research, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Boldrewood Innovation Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 7QF, UK
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2
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Moriello K. Dermatophytosis in cats and dogs: a practical guide to diagnosis and treatment. IN PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.1136/inp.l1539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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3
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Upchurch DA, Klocke EE, Henningson JN. Amount of skin shrinkage affecting tumor versus grossly normal marginal skin of dogs for cutaneous mast cell tumors excised with curative intent. Am J Vet Res 2018; 79:779-786. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.79.7.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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4
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Müller N, Kessler M. Curative-intent radical en bloc resection using a minimum of a 3 cm margin in feline injection-site sarcomas: a retrospective analysis of 131 cases. J Feline Med Surg 2018; 20:509-519. [PMID: 28696150 PMCID: PMC11104078 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x17717882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Owing to its highly infiltrative growth, feline injection-site sarcoma (FISS) carries a significant risk of local tumour recurrence. Parameters of possible prognostic significance (eg, tumour size and location, resection of de novo vs recurrent tumours, and achievement of tumour-free surgical margins) were examined with regard to their influence on recurrence rate (RR), disease-free interval (DFI) and survival time (ST). Methods This was a retrospective analysis of cats with FISSs located on the chest or abdominal wall or the interscapular region treated in a single institution using a standardised radical resection technique with 3 cm lateral margins and full-thickness body wall resection (tumours over chest/abdominal wall) or a minimum of two fascial planes (interscapular tumours). Results Median postoperative DFI and ST of 131 cats with FISSs was 21 and 24 months, respectively. Patients operated on for recurrent tumours were significantly more likely to die from tumour-related reasons compared with patients with de novo tumours ( P <0.001). RR and DFI in the different tumour locations were comparable ( P = 0.544 and P = 0.17, respectively). Local tumour recurrence occurred in 38.1% of the cats. Cats operated on for tumour recurrences had a significantly higher chance of another recurrence (RR 55.5% vs 33.3%; P = 0.005). Completeness of excision was determined by taking tumour bed biopsies. Tumour bed biopsies that did not contain tumour cells were associated with a significantly lower RR compared with those with tumour cells (30.5% vs 76.2%). Conclusions and relevance Depending on prognostic factors such as surgery for primary vs recurrent tumour, tumour-free resection margins and tumour location, the RR in FISS ranges from 33-55%, despite curative intent radical surgery. This study may help in identifying patients at risk for recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Müller
- Hofheim Small Animal Clinic, Hofheim, Germany
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5
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Livaccari AM, Selmic LE, Reagan JK, Driskell EA, Cray MT, Lamoureux LM, Garrett LD. Evaluation of information presented within soft tissue sarcoma histopathology reports in the United States: 2012-2015. Vet Comp Oncol 2018; 16:424-430. [PMID: 29575744 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite the existence of the American College of Veterinary Pathology guidelines for tumour biopsy specimens, anecdotally the authors' have seen inconsistency of reporting of information on the pathology report for canine soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). If crucial aspects are not reported this can result in slower or impeded patient care. This retrospective study evaluated 255 STS histopathology reports submitted from across the United States. Reports were evaluated by a single observer to assess for information contained in 5 main categories: patient history and signalment, gross and microscopic description, grading, histologic margins and the comments section. Inclusion criteria for histopathology reports included a final diagnosis of STS, having a microscopic description and resulting from the initial surgical resection. The majority of the reports stated the patient signalment (91.2%) and clinical history (90.8%). However, only 64.8% of the reports had a gross description of the specimen. Histologic margin description was present in 229 reports (91.6%), however, only 149 reports (59.6%) stated an objective measurement of these margins. Histologic classification was stated in 50.0% of the reports, while grade was given on 97.2% of the reports. Variability in histopathologic reporting including histologic margin description for resected canine STS was identified. Given surgical treatment is the mainstay for STS and histopathological assessment plays an important role in determination of whether additional surgery, radiation or chemotherapy is needed. Standardization or checklists like the American College of Pathology utilize may be helpful to ensure histopathologic characteristics are reported that may guide further treatment recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Livaccari
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - L E Selmic
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - J K Reagan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - E A Driskell
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - M T Cray
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - L M Lamoureux
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - L D Garrett
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
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6
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Kiser PK, Löhr CV, Meritet D, Spagnoli ST, Milovancev M, Russell DS. Histologic processing artifacts and inter-pathologist variation in measurement of inked margins of canine mast cell tumors. J Vet Diagn Invest 2018; 30:377-385. [PMID: 29429400 DOI: 10.1177/1040638718757582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although quantitative assessment of margins is recommended for describing excision of cutaneous malignancies, there is poor understanding of limitations associated with this technique. We described and quantified histologic artifacts in inked margins and determined the association between artifacts and variance in histologic tumor-free margin (HTFM) measurements based on a novel grading scheme applied to 50 sections of normal canine skin and 56 radial margins taken from 15 different canine mast cell tumors (MCTs). Three broad categories of artifact were 1) tissue deformation at inked edges, 2) ink-associated artifacts, and 3) sectioning-associated artifacts. The most common artifacts in MCT margins were ink-associated artifacts, specifically ink absent from an edge (mean prevalence: 50%) and inappropriate ink coloring (mean: 45%). The prevalence of other artifacts in MCT skin was 4-50%. In MCT margins, frequency-adjusted kappa statistics found fair or better inter-rater reliability for 9 of 10 artifacts; intra-rater reliability was moderate or better in 9 of 10 artifacts. Digital HTFM measurements by 5 blinded pathologists had a median standard deviation (SD) of 1.9 mm (interquartile range: 0.8-3.6 mm; range: 0-6.2 mm). Intraclass correlation coefficients demonstrated good inter-pathologist reliability in HTFM measurement (κ = 0.81). Spearman rank correlation coefficients found negligible correlation between artifacts and HTFM SDs ( r ≤ 0.3). These data confirm that although histologic artifacts commonly occur in inked margin specimens, artifacts are not meaningfully associated with variation in HTFM measurements. Investigators can use the grading scheme presented herein to identify artifacts associated with tissue processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patti K Kiser
- Departments of Biomedical Science (Kiser, Löhr, Meritet, Spagnoli, Russell), College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.,Clinical Sciences (Milovancev), College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Christiane V Löhr
- Departments of Biomedical Science (Kiser, Löhr, Meritet, Spagnoli, Russell), College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.,Clinical Sciences (Milovancev), College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Danielle Meritet
- Departments of Biomedical Science (Kiser, Löhr, Meritet, Spagnoli, Russell), College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.,Clinical Sciences (Milovancev), College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Sean T Spagnoli
- Departments of Biomedical Science (Kiser, Löhr, Meritet, Spagnoli, Russell), College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.,Clinical Sciences (Milovancev), College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Milan Milovancev
- Departments of Biomedical Science (Kiser, Löhr, Meritet, Spagnoli, Russell), College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.,Clinical Sciences (Milovancev), College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Duncan S Russell
- Departments of Biomedical Science (Kiser, Löhr, Meritet, Spagnoli, Russell), College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.,Clinical Sciences (Milovancev), College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
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Russell D, Townsend K, Gorman E, Bracha S, Curran K, Milovancev M. Characterizing Microscopical Invasion Patterns in Canine Mast Cell Tumours and Soft Tissue Sarcomas. J Comp Pathol 2017; 157:231-240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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8
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Milovancev M, Townsend KL, Bracha S, Gorman E, Curran K, Russell DS. Reductions in margin length after excision of grade II mast cell tumors and grade I and II soft tissue sarcomas in dogs. Vet Surg 2017; 47:36-43. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milan Milovancev
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Katy L. Townsend
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Shay Bracha
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Elena Gorman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Kaitlin Curran
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Duncan S. Russell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
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9
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Devriendt N, Van Goethem B, Van Brantegem L, De Ridder M, Kitshoff A, Or M, de Rooster H. Comparison of a 5-mm and 10-mm vessel sealing device in an open ovariectomy model in dogs. Vet Rec 2017; 180:425. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.104016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Devriendt
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke 9820 Belgium
| | - B. Van Goethem
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke 9820 Belgium
| | - L. Van Brantegem
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke 9820 Belgium
| | - M. De Ridder
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke 9820 Belgium
- Dierenziekenhuis Zeeuws-Vlaanderen; Van Diemenstraat 83, Terneuzen 4535 AR The Netherlands
| | - A. Kitshoff
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke 9820 Belgium
| | - M. Or
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke 9820 Belgium
| | - H. de Rooster
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke 9820 Belgium
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10
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Andrews CJ, Kempf M, Kimble R, Cuttle L. Skin thickness measurements increase with excision and biopsy processing procedures. Wound Repair Regen 2017; 25:338-340. [PMID: 28370706 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine J Andrews
- Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research, The University of Queensland, Centre for Children's Health Research, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia
| | - Margit Kempf
- Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research, The University of Queensland, Centre for Children's Health Research, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia
| | - Roy Kimble
- Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research, The University of Queensland, Children's Health Queensland, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia
| | - Leila Cuttle
- Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research, Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and Centre for Children's Health Research, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia
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11
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Milovancev M, Russell DS. Surgical margins in the veterinary cancer patient. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 15:1136-1157. [PMID: 28194921 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In veterinary oncologic specimens, histopathology is the gold standard for determining adequacy of excision. Despite limitations of this technique, the pathologist's interpretation of margin status significantly impacts patient management, including indications for adjuvant therapy. This article aims to summarize peer-reviewed literature as it relates to histologic margin evaluation in veterinary cancer patients. The value of histologic tumour-free margins and technical factors influencing histopathologic margin outcomes are also discussed. We review alternative strategies for determining excisional status, and discuss how an evolving understanding of tumour biology might inform clinical and research perspectives on surgical margins. In doing so, we aim to provide context and a stimulus for future investigations into this important yet incompletely understood topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Milovancev
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - D S Russell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
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12
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Terry JL, Milovancev M, Nemanic S, Löhr CV. Quantification of surgical margin length changes after excision of feline injection site sarcomas-A pilot study. Vet Surg 2016; 46:189-196. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse L. Terry
- Departments of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Milan Milovancev
- Departments of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Sarah Nemanic
- Departments of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Christiane V. Löhr
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
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13
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Reagan JK, Selmic LE, Garrett LD, Singh K. Evaluation of the effects of anatomic location, histologic processing, and sample size on shrinkage of skin samples obtained from canine cadavers. Am J Vet Res 2016; 77:1036-44. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.77.9.1036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Terry JL, Milovancev M, Löhr CV, Nemanic S. Changes in the dimension and volume of feline injection-site sarcomas following formalin fixation as determined by use of the ellipsoid volume formula and three-dimensional computed tomography software. Am J Vet Res 2016; 77:620-6. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.77.6.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Risselada M, Mathews KG, Griffith E. The Effect of Specimen Preparation on Post-Excision and Post-Fixation Dimensions, Translation, and Distortion of Canine Cadaver Skin-Muscle-Fascia Specimens. Vet Surg 2016; 45:563-70. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marije Risselada
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh North Carolina
| | - Kyle G Mathews
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh North Carolina
| | - Emily Griffith
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh North Carolina
- Department of Statistics, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; North Carolina State University; Raleigh North Carolina
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16
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Nemanic S, Milovancev M, Terry JL, Stieger-Vanegas SM, Löhr CV. Microscopic Evaluation of Peritumoral Lesions of Feline Injection Site Sarcomas Identified by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography. Vet Surg 2016; 45:392-401. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Nemanic
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Milan Milovancev
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | - Jesse L. Terry
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| | | | - Christiane V. Löhr
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
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17
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Fornaini C, Merigo E, Sozzi M, Rocca JP, Poli F, Selleri S, Cucinotta A. Four different diode lasers comparison on soft tissues surgery: a preliminary ex vivo study. Laser Ther 2016; 25:105-114. [PMID: 27721562 DOI: 10.5978/islsm.16-or-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The introduction of diode lasers in dentistry had several advantages, principally consisting on the reduced size, reduced cost and possibility to beam delivering by optical fibbers. Up today only the wavelengths around 810 and 980 nm were the most utilized in oral surgery but recently more different lasers had been proposed. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of four diode laser wavelengths (810, 980, 1470 and 1950 nm) for the ablation of soft tissues. Material and methods: Specimens were surgically collected from the dorsal surface of four bovine tongues and irradiated by four different diode wavelengths. Thermal increase was measured by two thermocouples, the first at a depth of 0.5 mm, and the second at a depth of 2 mm. Initial and final surface temperatures were recorded by IR thermometer. Epithelial changes, connective tissue modifications, presence of vascular modification and incision morphology were histologically evaluated by two blind pathologists. Results: The time necessary to perform the excision varied between 271 seconds (808 nm, 2W) and 112 seconds (1950 nm, 4W). Temperature increase superficial level varied from 16.3° (980 nm, 4W) and 9.2° (1950 nm, 2 W). The most significant deep temperature increase was recorded by 980 nm, 4 W (17.3°) and the lowest by 1950 nm, 2 W (9.7°). The width of epithelial tissue injuries varied between 74 pm from 1950 nm diode laser at 2 W to 540 pm for 1470 nm diode laser at 4 W. Conclusion: The quality of incision was better and the width of overall tissue injuries was minor in the specimens obtained with higher wavelength (1950 nm) at lower power (2W).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Fornaini
- Information Engineering Department, University of Parma, Italy; MICORALIS Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice, France
| | - Elisabetta Merigo
- MICORALIS Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice, France
| | - Michele Sozzi
- Information Engineering Department, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Jean-Paul Rocca
- MICORALIS Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice, France
| | - Federica Poli
- Information Engineering Department, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Selleri
- Information Engineering Department, University of Parma, Italy
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18
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Jeyakumar S, Smith AN, Schleis SE, Cattley RC, Tillson DM, Henderson RA. Effect of histologic processing on dimensions of skin samples obtained from cat cadavers. Am J Vet Res 2015; 76:939-45. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.76.11.939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Risselada M, Mathews KG, Griffith E. Effect of feline skin specimen preparation on postexcision and postfixation tissue shrinkage. J Feline Med Surg 2015; 18:970-975. [PMID: 26329723 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x15602951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was performed to assess skin-muscle-fascia specimen shrinkage and donor site changes, and to compare three techniques of specimen preparation for their effect on specimen shrinkage postexcision and after formalin fixation in feline cadaveric specimens. METHODS Fifteen fresh feline cadavers were used for this study. Gelatin spheres were implanted in paired thoracic subcutaneous pockets and subsequently excised with 30 mm lateral margins and a fascial plane as the deep margin. Skin and fascia were either left unsutured, sutured together using four simple interrupted quadrant sutures ('four-quadrant-sutured') or sutured together in a continuous pattern ('circumferentially sutured'). Specimens were measured for tumor-free margins on the excised and fixed specimens. The donor site defect was assessed for enlargement after specimen excision. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the donor site enlargement, and the influence of preparation technique on margin size, with significance set at P <0.05. RESULTS The closest skin margins on the excised and fixed specimens were significantly smaller than the planned 30 mm margins; however, no significant difference was found between postexcision and postfixation specimens. No significant differences were found between the three techniques (P = 0.74) with regard to margins either after excision or fixation. The fascial and skin defects of the donor site were significantly larger than the planned excision. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Surgically obtained feline skin-muscle-fascia specimens will significantly decrease in size prior to formalin fixation, resulting in falsely decreased measurements from tumor to tissue margins. Affixing the skin to the fascia does not significantly influence this decrease in margin size in feline tissue specimens at this location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije Risselada
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Veterinary Health Complex, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Kyle G Mathews
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Veterinary Health Complex, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Emily Griffith
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Veterinary Health Complex, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Statistics, College of Agriculture and Life Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Risselada M, Mathews KG, Griffith E. Surgically planned versus histologically measured lateral tumor margins for resection of cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell tumors in dogs: 46 cases (2010–2013). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2015; 247:184-9. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.247.2.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Upchurch DA, Malenfant RC, Wignall JR, Ogden DM, Saile K. Effects of sample site and size, skin tension lines, surgeon, and formalin fixation on shrinkage of skin samples excised from canine cadavers. Am J Vet Res 2014; 75:1004-9. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.75.11.1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Miller JL, Dark MJ. Evaluation of the effect of formalin fixation on skin specimens in dogs and cats. PeerJ 2014; 2:e307. [PMID: 24688882 PMCID: PMC3961154 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin and subcutaneous tissues are the origin of most common neoplasms affecting dogs, accounting for approximately one third of all tumors encountered in the species. Surgical excision is frequently the best chance for a cure; determining factors influencing the success of excision are vital for surgical management of cases. This work examined the shrinkage of skin of various lengths from three sites in formalin for both dogs and cats. Tissues were measured on the animal (initial measurement), at the time of excision (post-removal), and after formalin fixation (post-fixation). While shrinkage after tissue removal was found in samples from the thorax, abdomen, and rear leg in dogs and from the rear leg in cats, no significant shrinkage due to formalin fixation was detected in any sample except for the thoracic samples from the dog. Therefore, when determining where to make incisions to effect a surgical cure, initial measurements should take into account tissue shrinkage effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie L Miller
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL , USA
| | - Michael J Dark
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL , USA ; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL , USA
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23
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Prpich CY, Santamaria AC, Simcock JO, Wong HK, Nimmo JS, Kuntz CA. Second intention healing after wide local excision of soft tissue sarcomas in the distal aspects of the limbs in dogs: 31 cases (2005–2012). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2014; 244:187-94. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.244.2.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Merigo E, Clini F, Fornaini C, Oppici A, Paties C, Zangrandi A, Fontana M, Rocca JP, Meleti M, Manfredi M, Cella L, Vescovi P. Laser-assisted surgery with different wavelengths: a preliminary ex vivo study on thermal increase and histological evaluation. Lasers Med Sci 2012; 28:497-504. [PMID: 22526970 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-012-1081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Since the introduction of laser in clinical practice, different wavelengths have been used for oral surgery on the basis of the different characteristics and affinities of each one. The aim of this study was a comparison of different laser wavelengths in relation to both thermal increase and "histological quality" in a model of soft tissue surgery procedures. Thermal evaluation was realized, during laser-assisted surgery excision performed on a bovine tongue, by a thermal camera device to evaluate thermal increase on the surface of the sample and with four thermocouples to evaluate thermal increase on the depth of the specimen; temperature was recorded before starting surgical procedure and at the peak of every excision. The quality of excision, in terms of tissue damage and regularity, was realized by two blind examiners on the basis of established criteria. The highest superficial thermal increase was recorded for Superpulse 5-W CO2 laser, the lowest one for Er:YAG laser. The highest in depth thermal increase was recorded for 5 W Diode laser, the lowest one for Er:YAG laser. The best quality of incision was obtained with a 3-W CO2 laser and 3-W diode laser; epithelial, stromal, and vascular damages were evaluated with different degrees for all the used wavelengths with the best result, in terms of "tissue respect," for Er:YAG laser. In all the surgical procedures performed, thermal increase was evaluated until the end of the procedure; at remaining tissue level, thermal decrease was evaluable in the few seconds after surgery. The Er:YAG laser was the device with a lower influence on thermal increase; CO2 and diode lasers revealed a good histological quality. Further studies may be necessary to test the reliability of laser devices for the excision of all the types of specimens needing histological evaluation and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Merigo
- Ambulatorio di Patologia e Medicina Orale e Chirurgia Laser-Assistita, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy.
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25
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Vescovi P, Corcione L, Meleti M, Merigo E, Fornaini C, Manfredi M, Bonanini M, Govoni P, Rocca JP, Nammour S. Nd:YAG laser versus traditional scalpel. A preliminary histological analysis of specimens from the human oral mucosa. Lasers Med Sci 2010; 25:685-91. [PMID: 20393771 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-010-0770-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 02/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hyperplastic fibro-epithelial lesions are the most common tumor-like swellings in the mouth. The neodymium yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser appears to be useful for the surgical treatment of these lesions. Some controversies of laser surgery concern the accuracy of pathological diagnosis as well as the control of thermal damage on the target tissue. The aim of this study was to establish if the thermal changes induced by the Nd:YAG laser may affect the histopathological diagnosis and the evaluation of the resection margins. Furthermore, we compared the histological features of oral benign fibro-epithelial lesions excised through Nd:YAG laser and traditional scalpel. Twenty-six benign fibro-epithelial oral lesions from 26 patients, localized in the same oral subsites (cheek and buccal mucosa), were collected at the Unit of Oral Pathology and Oral Laser-assisted Surgery of the Academic Hospital of the University of Parma, Italy. Specimens were subclassified into three groups according to the tool used for the surgical excision. Group 1 included six specimens excised through Nd:YAG laser with an output power of 3.5 W and a frequency of 60 Hz (power density 488,281 W/cm2); Group 2 included nine specimens excised through Nd:YAG laser with an output power of 5 W and a frequency of 30 Hz; Group 3 included 11 specimens excised through a Bard-Parker scalpel blade no. 15c. Epithelial changes, connective tissue modifications, presence of vascular modifications, incision morphology and the overall width of tissue modification were evaluated. Differences between specimens removed with two different parameters of Nd:YAG laser were not significant with regard to stromal changes (p=0.4828) and vascular stasis (p=0.2104). Analysis of regularity of incision revealed a difference which was not statistically significant (p=1.000) between group 1 and group 2. Epithelial and stromal changes were significantly more frequent in specimens with a mean size less than 7 mm (p<0.0001). Nd:YAG laser induced serious thermal effects in small specimens (mean size less than 7 mm) independently from the frequency and power employed. The quality of incision was better and the width of overall tissue injuries was less in the specimens obtained with higher frequency and lower power (group 1: Nd:YAG laser at 3.5 W and 60 Hz).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Vescovi
- Department of ENT/Dental/Ophthalmological and Cervico-Facial Sciences, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.
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26
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Kamstock DA, Ehrhart EJ, Getzy DM, Bacon NJ, Rassnick KM, Moroff SD, Liu SM, Straw RC, McKnight CA, Amorim RL, Bienzle D, Cassali GD, Cullen JM, Dennis MM, Esplin DG, Foster RA, Goldschmidt MH, Gruber AD, Hellmén E, Howerth EW, Labelle P, Lenz SD, Lipscomb TP, Locke E, McGill LD, Miller MA, Mouser PJ, O’Toole D, Pool RR, Powers BE, Ramos-Vara JA, Roccabianca P, Ross AD, Sailasuta A, Sarli G, Scase TJ, Schulman FY, Shoieb AM, Singh K, Sledge D, Smedley RC, Smith KC, Spangler WL, Steficek B, Stromberg PC, Valli VE, Yager J, Kiupel M. Recommended Guidelines for Submission, Trimming, Margin Evaluation, and Reporting of Tumor Biopsy Specimens in Veterinary Surgical Pathology. Vet Pathol 2010; 48:19-31. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985810389316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. A. Kamstock
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - E. J. Ehrhart
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - D. M. Getzy
- IDEXX Reference Laboratories, Inc., Westminster, CO
| | - N. J. Bacon
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - K. M. Rassnick
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | | | | | - R. C. Straw
- Brisbane Veterinary Specialist Centre, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - R. L. Amorim
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - D. Bienzle
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - G. D. Cassali
- Laboratório de Patologia Comparada, Departamento de Patologia Geral, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - J. M. Cullen
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - M. M. Dennis
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D. G. Esplin
- Animal Reference Pathology Division, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - R. A. Foster
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - M. H. Goldschmidt
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - A. D. Gruber
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität, Berlin
| | - E. Hellmén
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E. W. Howerth
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | | | - S. D. Lenz
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - T. P. Lipscomb
- Marshfield Labs, Veterinary Services, Marshfield, WI and Department of Veterinary Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC
| | - E. Locke
- Antech Diagnostics, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - L. D. McGill
- Animal Reference Pathology Division, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - M. A. Miller
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | | | - D. O’Toole
- Wyoming State Veterinary Laboratory, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY
| | - R. R. Pool
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - B. E. Powers
- Colorado State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - J. A. Ramos-Vara
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - P. Roccabianca
- Section of Anatomical Pathology and Avian Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Milano, Italy
| | - A. D. Ross
- Registered Specialist Anatomical Pathologist, Frankston, Australia
| | - A. Sailasuta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pratumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - G. Sarli
- Pathological Anatomy Laboratory Service, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - T. J. Scase
- Veterinary Public Health and Animal Pathology, Faculty of Bridge Pathology Ltd. Clifton, Bristol, UK
| | - F. Y. Schulman
- Marshfield Labs, Veterinary Services, Marshfield, WI and Department of Veterinary Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC
| | - A. M. Shoieb
- Pfizer Ltd, Drug Safety and Research Development, Sandwich Kent, UK
| | - K. Singh
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory & Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - D. Sledge
- Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI
| | - R. C. Smedley
- Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI
| | - K. C. Smith
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Herts, UK
| | | | - B. Steficek
- Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI
| | - P. C. Stromberg
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | | | - J. Yager
- Antech Diagnostics, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - M. Kiupel
- Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI
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27
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Keenan NG, Sheppard MN, Grasso A, Chan CF, Mukherjee RK, Boyle JJ, Gatehouse PD, Firmin DN, Pennell DJ. Validation of carotid arterial wall volume measurement by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Magn Reson Imaging 2010; 31:935-41. [PMID: 20373439 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.22109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To validate cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) arterial wall volume measurement using whole arterial specimens ex vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty cadaveric carotid arteries (from 10 patients) were fixed in formaldehyde and imaged with a clinical T1-weighted 2D CMR sequence and, for imaging validation, with a high-resolution 3D sequence. Histological validation was performed by sectioning the arteries and microscopically determining area and volume. RESULTS Comparison between the clinical 2D CMR sequence and the 3D high-resolution validation sequence showed equivalent luminal volumes (889 vs. 880 mm(3); P = 0.54; R(2) = 0.99), and slightly higher 2D CMR arterial wall volumes (982 vs. 916 mm(3); +7%; P < 0.01; R(2) = 0.96) and adventitial volumes (1901 vs. 1826 mm(3); +4%; P < 0.01; R(2) = 0.99). Comparison between 2D CMR and microscopy, performed over a similar longitudinal extent of vessel, showed slightly higher 2D CMR volumes for the lumen (354 vs. 308 mm(3); +14%; P < 0.01; R(2) = 0.97), arterial wall (388 vs. 351 mm(3); +10%; P < 0.01; R(2) = 0.97) and total volumes (750 vs. 665 mm(3); +12%; P < 0.01; R(2) = 0.95). CONCLUSION The accuracy of the clinical 2D CMR vessel wall sequence for measuring carotid lumen, adventitial, and wall volumes is good against ex vivo measurements, with minor overestimation. This study validates carotid arterial wall quantification by CMR for atherosclerosis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall G Keenan
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
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28
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Tedstone JL, Richards SM, Garman RD, Ruzek MC. Ultrasound imaging accurately detects skin thickening in a mouse scleroderma model. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2008; 34:1239-47. [PMID: 18359143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2007] [Revised: 12/04/2007] [Accepted: 01/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is characterized by initial thickening of the skin because of the accumulation of collagen within the dermis followed by progression of fibrosis to internal organs. Although ultrasound assessment of dermal thickening in scleroderma patients is well documented, whether this technique can accurately detect skin thickening in mice under similar disease conditions is not known. Unlike traditional histologic assessments performed for disease models, ultrasound does not require sacrifice of the animal, and assessments of the same individual mice can be made over time. For these reasons, we examined the feasibility of ultrasound imaging to detect changes in skin thickness in a mouse model of graft-vs.-host-induced scleroderma (GVH-scleroderma). These studies determined ultrasound measurements to be highly consistent, both between multiple measurements of the same mouse as well as within a group of normal mice (coefficient of variation <8%). Ultrasound analysis of skin thickening in a GVH-scleroderma model showed similar sensitivity to histologic measurements because changes in skin thickness were detected by both methods at similar time points and to similar degrees. Direct comparisons between histologic and ultrasound measurements in the same animals over the course of disease also demonstrated significant correlations. Thus, these studies demonstrate that ultrasound can accurately detect skin thickening in a mouse model of scleroderma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Tedstone
- Immunology & Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Biologics R&D, Genzyme Corporation, Framingham, MA, USA
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29
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Simhon D, Halpern M, Brosh T, Vasilyev T, Ravid A, Tennenbaum T, Nevo Z, Katzir A. Immediate tight sealing of skin incisions using an innovative temperature-controlled laser soldering device: in vivo study in porcine skin. Ann Surg 2007; 245:206-13. [PMID: 17245173 PMCID: PMC1876995 DOI: 10.1097/01.sla.0000232554.13719.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A feedback temperature-controlled laser soldering system (TCLS) was used for bonding skin incisions on the backs of pigs. The study was aimed: 1) to characterize the optimal soldering parameters, and 2) to compare the immediate and long-term wound healing outcomes with other wound closure modalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS A TCLS was used to bond the approximated wound margins of skin incisions on porcine backs. The reparative outcomes were evaluated macroscopically, microscopically, and immunohistochemically. RESULTS The optimal soldering temperature was found to be 65 degrees C and the operating time was significantly shorter than with suturing. The immediate tight sealing of the wound by the TCLS contributed to rapid, high quality wound healing in comparison to Dermabond or Histoacryl cyanoacrylate glues or standard suturing. CONCLUSIONS TCLS of incisions in porcine skin has numerous advantages, including rapid procedure and high quality reparative outcomes, over the common standard wound closure procedures. Further studies with a variety of skin lesions are needed before advocating this technique for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Simhon
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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30
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Silverman EB, Read RW, Boyle CR, Cooper R, Miller WW, McLaughlin RM. Histologic Comparison of Canine Skin Biopsies Collected Using Monopolar Electrosurgery, CO2Laser, Radiowave Radiosurgery, Skin Biopsy Punch, and Scalpel. Vet Surg 2007; 36:50-6. [PMID: 17214820 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2007.00234.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the histologic appearance of canine skin biopsies collected by use of a scalpel, skin biopsy punch, monopolar electrosurgery, CO2 laser, and radio wave radiosurgery in fully rectified wave form (RWRS). STUDY DESIGN Experimental, randomized design. ANIMALS Healthy adult grayhounds (n=4). METHODS Skin biopsies were collected using 5 techniques. Cut margins of biopsy specimens and adjacent peripheral skin were evaluated using light microscopy to compare penetration of the dermis by tissue carbonization (char). RESULTS No char occurred in skin specimens collected by biopsy punch and scalpel. Char penetration occurred in all specimens collected by electrosurgery, CO2 laser, and RWRS. Mean char penetration in skin biopsies collected by RWRS (0.158 mm) was significantly less than for monopolar electrosurgery (0.223 mm) and CO2 laser (0.215 mm). Mean char penetration in adjacent peripheral skin surrounding biopsies collected by RWRS (0.171 mm) was significantly less than monopolar electrosurgery (0.255 mm) but not less than CO2 laser (0.215 mm, P<.07). CONCLUSIONS RWRS (blended waves in cut-coagulate mode) caused less lateral thermal damage to canine skin biopsies than monopolar electrosurgery and CO2 laser and less lateral thermal injury to peripheral skin than monopolar electrosurgery. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Excision of canine skin biopsies with heat-generating devices may not allow reliable histologic interpretation, particularly when assessing margins of small biopsy specimens. RWRS may be less traumatic to canine skin than monopolar electrosurgery and CO2 laser when used to make incisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward B Silverman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762-6100, USA.
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31
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Bernstein JA, Hodgin EC, Holloway HW, Hedlund CS, Storey ES, Hubert JD. Mohs micrographic surgery: a technique for total margin assessment in veterinary cutaneous oncologic surgery. Vet Comp Oncol 2006; 4:151-60. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2006.00104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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