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Antiparasitic Tannin-Rich Plants from the South of Europe for Grazing Livestock: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020201. [PMID: 36670741 PMCID: PMC9855007 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Internal parasites are one of the main causes of health threats in livestock production, especially in extensive livestock farming. Despite the environmental toxic effects (loss of dung beetles, biodiversity, and other issues) and resistance phenomenon derived from their prolonged use, anti-parasitic chemical pharmaceuticals are frequently used, even in organic farming. Such a situation within the context of climate change requires urgent exploration of alternative compounds to solve these problems and apparent conflicts between organic farming objectives regarding the environment, public health, and animal health. This review is focused on some plants (Artemisia spp., Cichorium intybus L., Ericaceae family, Hedysarum coronarium L., Lotus spp., Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) that are well known for their antiparasitic effect, are voluntarily grazed and ingested, and can be spontaneously found or cultivated in southern Europe and other regions with a Mediterranean climate. The differences found between effectiveness, parasite species affected, in vitro/in vivo experiments, and active compounds are explored. A total of 87 papers where antiparasitic activity of those plants have been studied are included in this review; 75% studied the effect on ruminant parasites, where gastrointestinal nematodes were the parasite group most studied (70%), and these included natural (31%) and experimental (37%) infections.
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Examining the Variables Leading to Apparent Incongruity between Antimethanogenic Potential of Tannins and Their Observed Effects in Ruminants—A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13052743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, several secondary plant metabolites have been identified that possess antimethanogenic properties. Tannin-rich forages have the potential to reduce methane emissions in ruminants while also increasing their nutrient use efficiency and promoting overall animal health. However, results have been highly inconclusive to date, with their antimethanogenic potential and effects on both animal performance and nutrition being highly variable even within a plant species. This variability is attributed to the structural characteristics of the tannins, many of which have been linked to an increased antimethanogenic potential. However, these characteristics are seldom considered in ruminant nutrition studies—often because the analytical techniques are inadequate to identify tannin structure and the focus is mostly on total tannin concentrations. Hence, in this article, we (i) review previous research that illustrate the variability of the antimethanogenic potential of forages; (ii) identify the source of inconsistencies behind these results; and (iii) discuss how these could be optimized to generate comparable and repeatable results. By adhering to this roadmap, we propose that there are clear links between plant metabolome and physiology and their antimethanogenic potential that can be established with the ultimate goal of improving the sustainable intensification of livestock.
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Seoni E, Battacone G, Ampuero Kragten S, Dohme-Meier F, Bee G. Impact of increasing levels of condensed tannins from sainfoin in the grower-finisher diets of entire male pigs on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality. Animal 2020; 15:100110. [PMID: 33573985 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sainfoin is a protein-rich legume with an ideal amino acid profile and therefore could partly replace soybeans in the diets of growing pigs. However, sainfoin also contains a non-negligible amount of condensed tannins (CTs), which can act as antinutritional factors. Bioactive plant compounds, like hydrolysable tannins, have been suggested to be suitable in entire male (EM) production, as they impair the development of accessory sex glands and, by that, reduce boar taint compound levels without negatively impacting growth. It is unknown whether, similar to hydrolysable tannins, CTs from sainfoin reduce the incidence of boar taint without impacting growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality. For the experiment, 48 Swiss Large White EM were assigned within litter to one of four grower (25-60 kg BW) and finisher (60-105 kg BW) diets supplemented with 0 (T0), 5 (T5), 10 (T10), and 15% (T15) sainfoin meal, respectively. The four diets were designed to be isocaloric and isoproteic. Increasing the dietary sainfoin level had no negative effect on growth performance or the carcass characteristics. Despite leading to a similar feed intake between the treatment groups, increasing the dietary sainfoin levels tended (P ≤ 0.08) to reduce the number of feeder visits but increased the time spent at the feeder as well as the feed intake per visit during the finisher period. By increasing sainfoin intake, the levels of C18:3n-3 and long-chain homologs linearly increased (P < 0.01) in the backfat and intramuscular fat (IMF), whereas in the backfat, but not the IMF, the 18:2n-6 levels decreased (P < 0.01). The latter triggered a greater (P < 0.01) desaturation rate (C18:1n-9/C18:0) of the saturated fatty acids, resulting in a greater (P < 0.01) proportion of monounsaturated fatty acid. Apart from a linear decrease (P = 0.02) in the androstenone levels in the longissimus thoracis (LT), increasing the sainfoin intake had no effect on the level of boar taint in the LT and backfat. As determined by the elevated correlation coefficient, skatole and indole levels, but not androstenone levels, in the adipose tissue seem to be reliable proxies for their respective levels in LT and, therefore, in pork. In conclusion, sainfoin is a suitable homegrown protein source for grower finisher pigs and can be included at up to 15% in the diet to replace 7% of soybean in a diet without producing any noteworthy effects on growth, whereas the impact of CTs on boar taint was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Seoni
- Agroscope, 1725 Posieux, Switzerland; Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - G Battacone
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | - G Bee
- Agroscope, 1725 Posieux, Switzerland.
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Lagrange S, Beauchemin KA, MacAdam J, Villalba JJ. Grazing diverse combinations of tanniferous and non-tanniferous legumes: Implications for beef cattle performance and environmental impact. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 746:140788. [PMID: 32758982 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We tested the effect of increasingly diverse combinations of tanniferous legumes (birdsfoot trefoil-BFT, sainfoin-SF) and alfalfa (ALF) on cattle performance, methane (CH4) emissions and nitrogen (N) balance. Pairs of heifers (401 ± 49.6 kg) grazed three spatial replications of 7 treatments (n = 3/treatment): monocultures (BFT, SF, ALF) and all possible 2- and 3-way choices among strips of these legumes in a completely randomized block design of two 15-d periods during 2 consecutive years. Average daily gains (ADG) of heifers grazing the tanniferous legumes (1.05 kg/d) were 40% greater (p < 0.10) than of heifers grazing ALF (0.74 kg/d) during the first year. Heifers grazing the 3-way choice had greater intakes (10.4 vs 7.8 kg/d; p = 0.064) and ADG (1.21 vs. 0.95 kg/d, p = 0.054) than those grazing monocultures, suggesting a nutritional synergism among legumes. The average CH4 emissions for legume monocultures vs. 2- and 3- way choices was 222 vs. 202 and 162 g/kg BW gain (p > 0.10), respectively. For heifers grazing SF and BFT compared with ALF, blood urea N was less (14.3 and 16.8 vs 20.8 mg/dL; p < 0.05) as were urinary N concentrations (3.7 and 3.5 vs 6.0 g/L; p < 0.05), but fecal N concentrations were greater (34.5 and 35.5 vs 30.5 g/kg, respectively; p < 0.05). Combining both tanniferous legumes (SF-BFT) led to the greatest declines in urinary N (2.24 g/L) and urea-N (1.71 g/L) concentration, suggesting that different types of tannins in different legumes result in associative effects that enhance N economy. In addition, heifers grazing 3-way choices partitioned less N into urine (40.7 vs 50.6%; p = 0.037) and retained more N (36.1 vs 25.2%, p = 0.046) than heifers grazing monocultures. In summary, combinations of tanniferous legumes with alfalfa improved animal performance and reduced environmental impacts relative to monocultures, resulting in a more sustainable approach to beef production in pasture-based finishing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Lagrange
- Department of Wildland Resources, Quinney College of Natural Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA; Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bordenave, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Bordenave, Buenos Aires 8187, Argentina.
| | - Karen A Beauchemin
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1K 4H3, Canada
| | - Jennifer MacAdam
- Department of Plant, Soil & Climate, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Juan J Villalba
- Department of Wildland Resources, Quinney College of Natural Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
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5
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Lonngren KJ, Barone CD, Zajac AM, Brown RN, Reed JD, Krueger CG, Petersson KH. Effect of birdsfoot trefoil cultivars on exsheathment of Haemonchus contortus in fistulated sheep. Vet Parasitol 2020; 287:109271. [PMID: 33091631 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidin (PAC, condensed tannin) containing forages have well-documented anti-parasitic effects against gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of small ruminants. Although extensive research has been conducted on the inhibition of exsheathment of the L3 stage of Haemonchus contortus by in vitro exposure to the extracts of PAC containing plants, only one study has previously attempted to replicate this process in vivo and it was found that consumption of fresh sainfoin slowed the exsheathment rate. No similar studies have explored the effect of feeding condensed tannin forages in the form of hay on in vivo exsheathment of GIN. Another PAC containing forage, birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus, BFT), has a large area of adaptation globally and feeding BFT has been shown to reduce fecal egg counts and total worm burdens. However, its effect on the in vivo exsheathment of H. contortus in the rumen is unknown. Recent work from this laboratory showed that BFT populations differ in the ability of aqueous extracts of freeze-dried plants to reduce exsheathment of H. contortus in vitro, and that the reduced exsheathment caused by BFT populations did not directly correlate with PAC content. Therefore, the objective of this study was twofold: 1) to evaluate the ability of birdsfoot trefoil hay to impair ruminal exsheathment of H. contortus in vivo and 2) to measure the difference in exsheathment between three commercially available cultivars of birdsfoot trefoil representing a broad range of in vitro efficacy against H. contortus. Four rumen fistulated ewes were fed three cultivars of birdsfoot trefoil (cv. Bruce, Empire, and Pardee) hay or a control hay (alfalfa/grass hay) in a Latin 4 × 4 design. The effect of consumption of birdsfoot trefoil on the exsheathment of H. contortus larvae in vivo was evaluated. For each exsheathment test, two capsules with 2000 ensheathed third-stage larvae per capsule were placed in the rumen of each ewe for eight hours. Larval containment capsules were made by capping each end of a short piece of Tygon® tubing (ID 9.5 mm, OD 14.3 mm) with an 8 μm NuncTM Cell Culture Insert. Larval exsheathment and motility were examined pre and post rumen exposure. Three exsheathment tests were run per diet cycle. Consumption of BFT hay did not significantly alter larval exsheathment. These results highlight the importance of further in vivo testing on the role of condensed tannins and other plant secondary compounds on larval exsheathment in the rumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karalyn J Lonngren
- Department of Fisheries, Animal, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 134 Woodward Hall, Kingston, RI, 02881, United States.
| | - Carly D Barone
- Department of Fisheries, Animal, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 134 Woodward Hall, Kingston, RI, 02881, United States
| | - Anne M Zajac
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, 205 Duck Pond Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, United States
| | - Rebecca N Brown
- Department of Plant Sciences and Entomology, University of Rhode Island, 236 Woodward Hall, Kingston, RI, 02881, United States
| | - Jess D Reed
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1675 Observatory Drive, Rm 1146, Madison, WI, 53706, United States
| | - Christian G Krueger
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1675 Observatory Drive, Rm 1146, Madison, WI, 53706, United States
| | - Katherine H Petersson
- Department of Fisheries, Animal, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 134 Woodward Hall, Kingston, RI, 02881, United States
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6
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Malisch CS, Lewandowski L, Salminen JP, Taube F, Lüscher A. Low Concentrations of Protein- and Fiber-Bound Proanthocyanidins in Sainfoin ( Onobrychis viciifolia) Are Stable across Accessions, Growth Stages, and Drought Conditions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:7369-7377. [PMID: 32574046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PAs) in forages may be present in either soluble (S-PA) or non-extractable (NE-PA) form. Despite potential benefits of the NE-PA in ruminant nutrition, few studies have analyzed NE-PA in forages. This study examined the impact of a range of conditions on S-PA as well as protein- and fiber-bound PA (the NE-PA fractions) in sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia). Thus, five sainfoin accessions in either generative or vegetative stage were subjected to drought for 18 weeks and sampled repeatedly for PA analysis. Drought-stressed plants increased S-PAs on average by 59% across all accessions yet only in the vegetative stage. In contrast, NE-PA concentrations were generally lower (on average 15% of the total PAs) and unaffected by drought. Thus, for sainfoin, the low and stable concentration of NE-PAs across accessions, growth stages, and drought conditions should have a low, predictable impact on the future sainfoin analyses and feeding studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten S Malisch
- Grass and Forage Science/Organic Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald Straße 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lasse Lewandowski
- Grass and Forage Science/Organic Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald Straße 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Juha-Pekka Salminen
- Natural Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Friedhelm Taube
- Grass and Forage Science/Organic Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald Straße 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Lüscher
- Forage Production and Grassland Systems, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland
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7
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The Potential Effect of Dietary Tannins on Enteric Methane Emission and Ruminant Production, as an Alternative to Antibiotic Feed Additives – A Review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2020-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Antibiotic growth promoters in livestock nutrition cause microbial resistance which produces threats to human health. Therefore, tannins have been considered as natural alternative antibiotic feed additives which possess various biological properties including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory. Additionally, these plants also have antiparasitic and anti-bloat characteristics which contribute to inhibit the enteric methane emission in order to improve nutrient digestibility, milk and meat quality, fatty acids composition and ruminant production. Antibiotic growth promoters have been practiced in animals feeding to increase feed intake, growth rate, weight gain as well as reduce metabolic disorders and energy losses in the rumen. In 2006, the European Union banned the usage of antibiotic growth promoters in the feeding of livestock. This antibiotic resistance issue has increased demand to explore the natural feed additives that might be useful for animal production system. Consequently, natural forages have been categorized as potential feed additives in animal production since it improves nutritive value, protein digestibility, increase amino acid absorption and growth rate. But, some plant materials are usually rich in tannins known as anti-nutritional factors. Therefore, the application of tannin-rich plants in ruminant nutrition needs great precaution due to its possible injurious effects (dose dependent) on animal health such as metabolic disorders. Hence, there is need to give attention to the usage of tannins in ruminant nutrition as an alternative to antibiotics feed additives to investigate its effects on enteric methane emissions and ruminants production. In addition, safety and risk associated with tannins feeding have also been briefly discussed.
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8
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Ghelichkhan M, Eun JS, Christensen RG, Stott RD, MacAdam JW. Urine volume and nitrogen excretion are altered by feeding birdsfoot trefoil compared with alfalfa in lactating dairy cows1. J Anim Sci 2020; 96:3993-4001. [PMID: 29982473 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Legumes that contain condensed tannins may have lower ruminal protein degradation than alfalfa. The present study investigated the effects of feeding birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) hay on lactational performance and N utilization and excretion. Eight multiparous Holstein cows in midlactation (150 ± 22.3 d-in-milk) were randomly assigned to 2 treatments [alfalfa hay-based total mixed ration (AHT) or birdsfoot trefoil hay-based total mixed ration (BHT)] in a crossover design with 2 experimental periods. Each experimental period lasted 17 d (14 d of adaptation and 3 d of sampling and total collection). Hays comprised approximately 50% of DM in experimental diets. There were no treatment effects on dry matter intake (DMI; 21.4 vs. 20.7 kg/d), milk yield (29.4 vs. 28.1 kg/d), milk fat concentration (3.20% vs. 3.21%), and milk protein concentration (3.20% vs. 3.16%) for AHT and BHT, respectively. In addition, dietary treatments did not affect milk yield/DMI or energy-corrected milk yield/DMI. In contrast, apparent crude protein digestion decreased in cows fed BHT compared with those fed AHT (60.7% vs. 69.1%). Concentration of milk urea-N decreased by feeding BHT compared with AHT (11.9 vs. 13.3 mg/100 mL), whereas total N excretion did not differ between AHT and BHT diets. However, cows fed BHT excreted more N in feces (194 vs. 168 g/d), whereas urinary N excretion was lower compared with cows fed AHT. The shift of N to feces resulted in a decrease in urinary N:fecal N ratio in cows fed BHT relative to those fed AHT. Overall results in the current study suggest that feeding birdsfoot trefoil in dairy diets shifts routes of N from urine to feces compared with feeding alfalfa hay, with little effect on lactational performance. Reduction in urinary N and any impact on environment may be attributed to functional effect of condensed tannins in birdsfoot trefoil hay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ghelichkhan
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT
| | - Jong-Su Eun
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT
| | - Rachael G Christensen
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT
| | - Rusty D Stott
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT
| | - Jennifer W MacAdam
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, UT
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9
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Jayanegara A, Sujarnoko TUP, Ridla M, Kondo M, Kreuzer M. Silage quality as influenced by concentration and type of tannins present in the material ensiled: A meta-analysis. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 103:456-465. [PMID: 30585655 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein degradation during ensiling is a major problem. Tannins are known to prevent or decelerate protein degradation in the rumen and may be able to do so in silages as well. Therefore, the present evaluation aimed to analyse the influence of tannins on silage quality. This was done by integrating from all suitable experiments found in literature on the topic in a meta-analysis approach. A total of 122 datasets originating from 28 experiments obtained from 16 published articles and one own unpublished experiment were included in the database. Tannins in the silages originated either from the plants ensiled or from supplementations of tanniferous plants or tannins extracted from such plants. Tannin concentrations ranged from 0 to 57.8 g/kg dry matter, and the ensiling period varied from 30 to 130 days. The analysis was based on the linear mixed model methodology in which the different studies were considered as random effects and tannin-related properties (either concentration or type of tannins) were treated as fixed effects. Results revealed that greater concentrations of tannins were associated with a decrease of butyrate concentration in the silages (p < 0.05). An increasing tannin concentration was also accompanied with smaller proportions of soluble N, free amino acid N, non-protein nitrogen and NH3 -N in total silage N (p < 0.05). The relationships between hydrolysable and condensed tannins and the decline in butyrate and NH3 -N concentrations in the silages were of different magnitude (p < 0.05). A higher tannin concentration was associated with a decline in in vitro dry matter digestibility. It was concluded that tannins apparently have the ability to limit extensive proteolysis which may occur during ensiling and thus may improve the fermentative quality of silages. A desired side effect seems to be given by the tannins' apparent property to limit the activity of the butyrate-producing microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuraga Jayanegara
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Tekad U P Sujarnoko
- Graduate School of Nutrition and Feed Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Ridla
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Makoto Kondo
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Michael Kreuzer
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
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10
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Seoni E, Battacone G, Silacci P, Ampuero Kragten S, Messadene Chelali J, Dohme-Meier F, Bee G. Effect of condensed tannins from Birdsfoot trefoil and dietary protein level on growth performance, carcass composition and meat quality of ram lambs. Small Rumin Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Grosse Brinkhaus A, Bee G, Silacci P, Kreuzer M, Dohme-Meier F. Effect of exchanging Onobrychis viciifolia and Lotus corniculatus for Medicago sativa on ruminal fermentation and nitrogen turnover in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:4384-4397. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-9911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Hoste H, Torres-Acosta JFJ, Quijada J, Chan-Perez I, Dakheel MM, Kommuru DS, Mueller-Harvey I, Terrill TH. Interactions Between Nutrition and Infections With Haemonchus contortus and Related Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Small Ruminants. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2016; 93:239-351. [PMID: 27238007 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between host nutrition and feeding behaviour are central to understanding the pathophysiological consequences of infections of the digestive tract with parasitic nematodes. The manipulation of host nutrition provides useful options to control gastrointestinal nematodes as a component of an integrated strategy. Focussed mainly on the Haemonchus contortus infection model in small ruminants, this chapter (1) illustrates the relationship between quantitative (macro- and micro-nutrients) and qualitative (plant secondary metabolites) aspects of host nutrition and nematode infection, and (2) shows how basic studies aimed at addressing some generic questions can help to provide solutions, despite the considerable diversity of epidemiological situations and breeding systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hoste
- INRA, UMR 1225 IHAP, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - J Quijada
- INRA, UMR 1225 IHAP, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - I Chan-Perez
- Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - M M Dakheel
- University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - D S Kommuru
- Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA, United States
| | | | - T H Terrill
- Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA, United States
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13
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Girard M, Dohme-Meier F, Silacci P, Ampuero Kragten S, Kreuzer M, Bee G. Forage legumes rich in condensed tannins may increase n-3 fatty acid levels and sensory quality of lamb meat. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:1923-1933. [PMID: 26059039 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tannins intensively interact with rumen microbes, which is expected to have consequences for meat quality. RESULTS Silages prepared from birdsfoot trefoil (BT), sainfoin (SF), alfalfa (AF) or red clover (RC) were fed alone to 48 lambs. The SF contained five times more condensed tannins than BT, the other tanniferous plant. Growth and carcass performance, but not general meat quality, was reduced with BT and SF compared to AF and RC. Lambs fed SF had half the skatole levels in the perirenal fat than AF-fed lambs. The longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle of the SF-fed lambs, compared to RC and BT, had a lower intensity for 'livery' and 'sheepy' flavors but a stronger 'grassy' flavor. The intramuscular fat of BT- and SF-fed lambs contained less saturated and more polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially 20:4n-6, 20:3n-6, 20:5n-3 and 22:5n-3, with SF being more efficient than BT. CONCLUSION The SF was most promising to increase beneficial fatty acids and to reduce skatole content in lamb meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Girard
- Agroscope, Institute for Livestock Sciences (ILS), 1725, Posieux, Switzerland
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frigga Dohme-Meier
- Agroscope, Institute for Livestock Sciences (ILS), 1725, Posieux, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Silacci
- Agroscope, Institute for Livestock Sciences (ILS), 1725, Posieux, Switzerland
| | | | - Michael Kreuzer
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Bee
- Agroscope, Institute for Livestock Sciences (ILS), 1725, Posieux, Switzerland
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14
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Hoste H, Torres-Acosta JFJ, Sandoval-Castro CA, Mueller-Harvey I, Sotiraki S, Louvandini H, Thamsborg SM, Terrill TH. Tannin containing legumes as a model for nutraceuticals against digestive parasites in livestock. Vet Parasitol 2015; 212:5-17. [PMID: 26190131 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Parasitic infections with gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) still represent a worldwide major pathological threat associated with the outdoor production of various livestock species. Because of the widespread resistance to synthetic chemical anthelmintics, there is a strong impetus to explore novel approaches for a more integrated management of these infections. The use of nutraceuticals in the control of GINs is one of the alternatives which has been widely studied for 20 years. The objectives of this review are: (i) to define and illustrate the concept of 'nutraceutical' in the context of veterinary parasitology based on data obtained on the most studied models to control GINs in small ruminants, the tannin-containing legumes (Fabaceae); (ii) to illustrate how the 'nutraceutical concept' could be expanded to other plants, other livestock production systems and other GI parasitic diseases, and (iii) to explain how this concept is opening up new research fields for better understanding the interactions between the host, the digestive parasites and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hoste
- INRA, UMR 1225 IHAP, 23 Chemin des Capelles, Toulouse F-31076, France; Université de Toulouse, ENVT, 23 Chemin des Capelles, Toulouse F-31076, France.
| | - J F J Torres-Acosta
- Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, FMVZ, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km 15.5 Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - C A Sandoval-Castro
- Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, FMVZ, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km 15.5 Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - I Mueller-Harvey
- University of Reading, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, 1 Earley Gate, P.O. Box 236, Reading, RG6 6AT, United Kingdom
| | - S Sotiraki
- Veterinary Research Institute - Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - H Louvandini
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S M Thamsborg
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - T H Terrill
- Fort Valley State University,1005 State University Drive Fort Valley, GA 31030, USA
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15
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Zhong RZ, Li HY, Fang Y, Sun HX, Zhou DW. Effects of dietary supplementation with green tea polyphenols on digestion and meat quality in lambs infected with Haemonchus contortus. Meat Sci 2015; 105:1-7. [PMID: 25746574 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Ujumqin sheep are susceptible to infection by the gastrointestinal nematode Haemonchus contortus, which reduces productivity and total meat yield in sheep. Thus, the effects of green tea polyphenol (GTP) supplements (0, 2, 4, or 6g of GTP/kg feed) on dietary nutrient digestibility and meat quality in lambs infected with H. contortus were examined; control lambs were not infected. H. contortus infections did not affect digestion but the apparent digestibilities of nutrients were decreased by dietary 2g of GTP/kg feed supplementation. There was an interaction between treatment and sampling time on plasma total protein, urea nitrogen, and amino acid concentrations. The antioxidant activity and meat color of INFGTP0 lambs decreased. In conclusion, H. contortus infections in lambs decreased meat quality, but appropriate levels of dietary GTP supplementation diminished these negative effects though lower dose of GTP supplement showed negative effects on digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Z Zhong
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130102, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, PR China
| | - H Y Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, PR China
| | - Y Fang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130102, PR China
| | - H X Sun
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130102, PR China
| | - D W Zhou
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130102, PR China.
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16
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Lüscher A, Mueller-Harvey I, Soussana JF, Rees RM, Peyraud JL. Potential of legume-based grassland-livestock systems in Europe: a review. GRASS AND FORAGE SCIENCE : THE JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH GRASSLAND SOCIETY 2014; 69:206-228. [PMID: 26300574 PMCID: PMC4540161 DOI: 10.1111/gfs.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
European grassland-based livestock production systems face the challenge of producing more meat and milk to meet increasing world demands and to achieve this using fewer resources. Legumes offer great potential for achieving these objectives. They have numerous features that can act together at different stages in the soil-plant-animal-atmosphere system, and these are most effective in mixed swards with a legume proportion of 30-50%. The resulting benefits include reduced dependence on fossil energy and industrial N-fertilizer, lower quantities of harmful emissions to the environment (greenhouse gases and nitrate), lower production costs, higher productivity and increased protein self-sufficiency. Some legume species offer opportunities for improving animal health with less medication, due to the presence of bioactive secondary metabolites. In addition, legumes may offer an adaptation option to rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations and climate change. Legumes generate these benefits at the level of the managed land-area unit and also at the level of the final product unit. However, legumes suffer from some limitations, and suggestions are made for future research to exploit more fully the opportunities that legumes can offer. In conclusion, the development of legume-based grassland-livestock systems undoubtedly constitutes one of the pillars for more sustainable and competitive ruminant production systems, and it can be expected that forage legumes will become more important in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lüscher
- Agroscope, Institute for Sustainability Sciences Zurich, Switzerland
| | - I Mueller-Harvey
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading Reading, UK
| | - J F Soussana
- INRA, Grassland Ecosystem Research Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - R M Rees
- Scotland's Rural College Edinburgh, UK
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